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Books on the topic 'Adverb of Negation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Seinfeld, Jeffrey. The bad object: Handling the negative therapeutic reaction in psychotherapy. J. Aronson, 1990.

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2

Serbo-Croatian. Lincom Europa, 1997.

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3

Wörter im Grenzbereich von Lexikon und Grammatik im Serbokroatischen. Lincom Europa, 2001.

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4

Kordić, Snježana. Riječi na granici punoznačnosti. Hrvatska sveučilišna naklada, 2002.

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5

Adelaar, Willem F. H. Imperatives and commands in Quechua. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803225.003.0002.

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The Quechuan languages of the Central Andes have a dedicated Imperative Mood paradigm featuring personal reference marking for all subject endings except first person. Non-canonical third person subject forms are part of this paradigm. Although there is a formal overlap between Future Tense and Imperative in marking of the first person inclusive subject, the former can be used in questions or be accompanied by validation markers, whereas the latter cannot. In imperative constructions negation is indicated in the same way as in other moods, except that it requires the presence of the prohibitiv

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6

Sawada, Osamu. Intensifiers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198714224.003.0006.

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Chapter 6 investigates the expressive uses of intensifiers with special reference to the Japanese intensifier totemo and the comparative adverb motto. The expressive totemo combines with a negative gradable modal and conventionally implies that the at-issue proposition (without negation and modal) is highly unlikely or impossible and refuses to update the common ground with the at-issue proposition. The meaning of the negative motto combines with an at-issue gradable predicate locally and conventionally implies that the degree of the target in an expected situation is much greater than the tar

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7

Alqassas, Ahmad. A Multi-locus Analysis of Arabic Negation. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474433143.001.0001.

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This book studies the micro-variation in the syntax of negation of Southern Levantine, Gulf and Standard Arabic. By including new and recently published data that support key issues for the syntax of negation, the book challenges the standard parametric view that negation has a fixed parametrized position in syntactic structure. It particularly argues for a multi-locus analysis with syntactic, semantic, morphosyntactic and diachronic implications for the various structural positions. Thus accounting for numerous word order restrictions, semantic ambiguities and pragmatic interpretations withou

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8

Debbie, Harry, O'Brien Glenn, and Fairey Shepard, eds. Chris Stein/negative: Me, Blondie, and the advent of punk. 2014.

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9

T, Mays Daniel, and Franks Cyril M, eds. Negative outcome in psychotherapy and what to do about it. Springer Pub. Co., 1985.

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10

Montgomery, Erwin B. Controlling the Flow of Electrical Charges. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.003.0004.

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In depolarization to effect neuronal activations,, electrical charges are delivered to the neuron to affect the electrical potential across the neuronal membrane to subsequently affect voltage-gated ionic conductance channels. The orientation of the field of electrical charges to the neuronal membrane is critical. Electrical charges flow from the negative contact to the positive contact. The negative electrostatic charge “pushes” negative charges onto the outer surface of the neuron, which results in depolarization of the neuronal membrane. Neurons near the positive contact will not have negat

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11

Cebreros, Alfonso, Alejandrina Salcedo, Daniel Chiquiar, and Aldo Heffner-Rodríguez. Trade Policy Uncertainty and its Effect on Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from Mexico. Banco de México, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36095/banxico/di.2020.14.

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This paper investigates whether "trade policy uncertainty" (TPU), even absent changes in actual policy, may have an adverse effect on foreign direct investment. The paper focuses on the case of Mexico, where we observe a plausibly sharp and exogenous increase in TPU vis-à-vis a large trading partner beginning in the second half of 2016. To test this hypothesis, we use data from Google Trends to construct a TPU index and argue that this index adequately captures both time series and cross-sectional variation in TPU across states in Mexico. We exploit this variation to identify the effect of inc

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12

Miyamoto, Seiya, and Nobumi Miyake. Novel treatments and future directions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0014.

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The advent of new-generation antipsychotic drugs has broadened the options for the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. However, there are still medical needs not met by current antipsychotic treatment, particularly for patients with negative symptoms and cognitive impairments, and for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. A growing body of research has identified new molecular mechanisms and novel pharmacological targets for treating schizophrenia beyond just dopamine D2 antagonism. This chapter provides a review of compounds in development and emerging non-pharmacological interventions f

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13

Madl, Ulrike. Pathophysiology of glucose control. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0258.

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Hyperglycaemia is a frequent phenomenon in critically-ill patients, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Hyperglycaemia results in cellular glucose overload and toxic adverse effects of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, especially in tissues with insulin-independent glucose uptake, and acute hyperglycaemia can exert a variety of negative effects. It is the main side effect of intensive insulin therapy. Both severe and moderate hypoglycaemia are independent risk factors of mortality in critically-ill patients. Prolonged hypoglycaemia induces neuronal damage, but may also h

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14

Cavanna, Andrea E. Topiramate. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198791577.003.0013.

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Topiramate is a second-generation antiepileptic drug characterized by a good range of antiepileptic indications, with an acceptable interaction profile in polytherapy. Topiramate has an acceptable behavioural tolerability profile, although it has been associated with a number of negative behavioural effects in patients with epilepsy (in particular depression, irritability, and psychotic symptoms). Identified risk factors for the development of behavioural adverse effects include high starting doses and rapid titration schedules, as well as personal or family history of psychiatric disorders. T

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15

de Melo-Martín, Inmaculada, and Kristen Intemann. Dealing with Normatively Inappropriate Dissent. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190869229.003.0006.

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This chapter considers whether the reliable identification of normatively inappropriate dissent (NID) would be helpful in addressing many of the adverse epistemic and social impacts that can result from it. It considers a variety of ways in which such identification could be used to minimize the epistemic and social damages that NID can inflict, including prohibiting the dissent in question, targeting it for special scrutiny, placing limits on scientists’ epistemic obligations, guiding public beliefs, emphasizing the existence of a consensus, and discrediting dissenters. It shows that although

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16

de Melo-Martín, Inmaculada, and Kristen Intemann. Where Disagreements Can Lie. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190869229.003.0010.

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Chapter 10 proposes a second recommendation to deal with the negative adverse effects that normatively inappropriate dissent (NID) can have: it calls for a recognition of the limits of scientific evidence when it comes to public policymaking and for an increased focus on potential differences in the values that underlie policy decisions. It contends that while confusion and doubt about the existing empirical evidence or about its strength can contribute to stalled policies, disagreements about values can also play a significant role. Such disagreements can involve what people take to be valuab

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17

Hart, Kimberly J., and Heather A. Flynn. Screening, Assessment, and Diagnosis of Mood and Anxiety Disorders During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period. Edited by Amy Wenzel. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199778072.013.009.

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Mood and anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in perinatal samples, affecting as many as 20% of childbearing women (Gavin et al., 2005). In an effort to prevent adverse outcomes associated with perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, researchers and clinicians have advocated routine screening during the perinatal period (NRC, 2009). Although, there are several screening measures for depression, many of which have been used or validated in perinatal populations, few screening tools have been developed specifically for or validated in perinatal samples for bipolar disorder or anxiety disorders.

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18

Samson, Brandon H., and James D. Scott. Understanding the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in the Aging Patient. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190493097.003.0031.

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The prevalence of HIV infection is increasing in the older population. Because of other comorbidities, older patients infected with HIV may be taking multiple medications, which increases the risk of drug–drug interactions. Treatment of HIV in aging patients is based on the consideration of adverse effects associated by antiretroviral therapy (ART) with regard to renal, hepatic, cardiovascular, metabolic, and bone health, as well as the potential for increased drug–drug interactions. Because ART is associated with both beneficial and deleterious effects, health care providers should weigh the

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19

Puntis, John. Nutritional assessment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759928.003.0003.

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Routine assessment of nutritional status should be part of normal practice when seeing any patient. The purpose is to document objective nutritional parameters (e.g. anthropometry), identify nutritional deficiencies, and establish nutritional needs. Protein–energy malnutrition has many adverse consequences including growth failure (identified by reference to standard growth charts). Worldwide, malnutrition contributes to a third of deaths in children under 5 years of age, and one in nine people don’t have enough food to lead an active and healthy life. In developed countries, malnutrition comp

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20

Dow, Bonnie J. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038563.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. This book focuses on the national television news narratives about the second wave of feminism that proliferated in 1970, a year in which the networks' eagerness to make sense of the movement for their viewers was accompanied by feminists' efforts to use national media for their own purposes. The interaction of these efforts produced coverage that was distinguished by its contradictions—it ranged from sympathetic to patronizing, from thoughtful to sensationalistic, and from evenhanded to overtly dismissive. The effects o

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21

C Diaz, Eva, Celeste C Finnerty, and David N. Herndon. Severe Burn Injuries and Their Long-Term Implications. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0016.

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Burn injury is notable for the degree and duration of pathophysiological alterations that it induces. Burn triggers profound changes in metabolism, immune function, and endocrine function, leading to a host of negative effects, including catabolism of muscle and bone and insulin resistance. These changes may persist or evolve for years after the injury has occurred, delaying recovery. This chapter discusses all of these consequences of burn injury, along with other adverse outcomes, specifically growth delay in children and hypertrophic scarring. Particular attention is placed on what is known

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22

Bäumler, Jelena. Rise and Shine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923846.003.0007.

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This article examines the concept, development and implementation of the no harm principle and its wider role in public international law. While generally acknowledged in international environmental law protecting other states from physical harm caused to their territory, in other areas of international law the principle is of increasing importance in order to find a balancing mechanism between colliding states’ interest in case of negative externalities caused by one state to the detriment of other states. The article traces implementations of the regulatory mechanism to focus on the adverse

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23

Davidson, Kate M. Cognitive Therapy for Personality Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199997510.003.0017.

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CBT for personality disorders (CBTpd) uses a developmental model that places emphasis on core beliefs concerned with self-identity and other people that have arisen in childhood and behavioral strategies to compensate, avoid, or cope with these core beliefs. The therapy is less intensive than other therapies for personality disorder. A narrative formulation engages individuals in therapy and increases psychological understanding of problems, such as how core beliefs developed through adverse events in childhood led to emotional and behavioral patterns that are negative and often self-destructi

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24

Kazepov, Yuri, and Costanzo Ranci. Why No Social Investment in Italy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790488.003.0026.

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In this chapter, the case of Italy is considered as an extreme adverse case for social investment policies. Not only is the country’s social expenditure strongly targeted to compensatory policies, but the contextual conditions within which these policies are implemented are also likely to produce ambiguous consequences. Three recent social investment policies will be reviewed: (a) childcare policies; (b) school–work transition policies aiming at increasing the human capital available in a given territory; (c) apprenticeship policy. We show that these policies produce negative effects, not only

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25

Sperino, Sandra F., and Suja A. Thomas. How Discrimination Disappears. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190278380.003.0003.

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This chapter explores how courts limit harassment, discrimination, and retaliation claims. Searches of federal cases reveal case after case where federal courts rule that conduct is not sufficiently serious to be considered discrimination. Cases are dismissed where women alleged that their bosses or coworkers repeatedly touched their breasts or buttocks, supervisors regularly asked employees on dates or for sexual favors, or employees were continually victims of unwanted sexualized comments and gestures. Some federal courts rule that such conduct is not serious enough to qualify as sexual hara

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26

Balog, Daniel J., Robert Koffman, and Joseph M. Helms. Acupuncture. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190205959.003.0006.

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People who acquire posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after experiencing a traumatic event endure a constellation of debilitating symptoms, including intrusion, avoidance, negative mood alteration, and marked increases in reactivity. They have difficulty falling or staying asleep, and often have comorbid physical and pain-related diagnoses secondary to their trauma. Despite evolving definitions and measures, estimates of prevalence of lifetime PTSD in U.S. population have remained quite consistent since the advent of theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM), third editio

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27

Carrico, Adam W., and Michael H. Antoni. Psychoneuroimmunology and HIV. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0021.

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Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) examines the biological and behavioral pathways whereby psychosocial factors may influence the course of chronic medical conditions, including HIV/AIDS. This chapter summarizes PNI research conducted examining the possible role of negative life events (including bereavement), stress reactivity, personality factors, cognitive appraisals, and affective states (depression) in HIV illness progression. Because much of this research was conducted in the era prior to the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy, important questions remain regarding whether there the asso

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28

Bomberger, E. Douglas. Afterword. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190872311.003.0014.

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Examining the aftermath of 1917, this section traces the impact of the year’s events on future US musical directions. Recording technology advances made the spread of jazz possible, led to heightened fidelity of sound reproduction in classical music, and eventually altered the entire culture of live performance. Classical music did not disappear, but the advent of jazz presaged the coming dominance of popular music. World War I’s aftermath spawned a culture war between rural and urban Americans, and gains made by African American servicemen encountered a backlash of racial violence and discrim

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29

Abhishek, Abhishek, and Michael Doherty. Placebo, nocebo, and contextual effects. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0027.

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Placebo effect is an example of ‘contextual’ effect and is the symptomatic improvement experienced by patients who have unknowingly received a placebo (inactive treatment) instead of an active drug. It occurs due to patient-specific factors such as expectation of improvement and is influenced by the context in which the treatment is delivered. Nocebo effect is the opposite of placebo effect and includes worsening of symptoms or incident adverse effects due to expectancy or negative contextual or practitioner influence. Placebo effect has been demonstrated in a range of musculoskeletal conditio

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30

Raghunathan, Karthik, and Andrew Shaw. Crystalloids in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0057.

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‘Crystalloid’ refers to solutions of crystalline substances that can pass through a semipermeable membrane and are distributed widely in body fluid compartments. The conventional Starling model predicts transvascular exchange based on the net balance of opposing hydrostatic and oncotic forces. Based on this model, colloids might be considered superior resuscitative fluids. However, observations of fluid behaviour during critical illness are not consistent with such predictions. Large randomized controlled studies have consistently found that colloids offer no survival advantage relative to cry

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31

Coyle, Patricia K. Immune-mediated Disorders of the Central Nervous System. Edited by Emma Ciafaloni, Cheryl Bushnell, and Loralei L. Thornburg. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190667351.003.0010.

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This chapter reviews pregnancy in multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and acute transverse myelitis (ATM) syndrome. MS is a major acquired disease of young adults, with a rising female predominance. MS has no direct negative consequences on fertility or pregnancy. Pregnancy has a profound effect on MS, with decrease in disease activity during the last trimester counteracted by a three-month postpartum increase in disease activity. With the development of disease-modifying therapies, important questions arise about washout periods, the feasibility and risks

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32

Goffin, Eric, Laura Labriola, and Michel Jadoul. Bacterial and fungal infections in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Edited by Jonathan Himmelfarb. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0270.

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Infections specifically related to peritoneal dialysis include peritonitis on the one hand, and exit-site and tunnel infections on the other hand.The diagnosis of peritonitis rests on the classical triad of cloudy dialysate, abdominal pain, and presence of < 100 white-cells (including < 50 % polymorphonuclear cells) within the dialysate effluent. Because peritonitis is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates, empiric antibiotics should be initiated without delay, covering both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Most regimens include vancomycin or a first-generation cep

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