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Bueno, Bruna Helena Belchior Machado da Silva. "The effects of OF ETF creation on the price efficiency of underlying stocks." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9580.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics<br>In this assignment I build an intuitive panel regression model, in order to achieve a clear isolation of the impact of the inception of the first Exchange Traded Fund created on the FTSE100 index on the price efficiency of its underlying stocks. The main finding of this analysis is that price efficiency at the individual stock market decreases after ETF introduction. Thus, the adverse selection hypothesis highlights the shift of liquidity traders to the basket security, leaving informed traders exposed in the individual market. This decrease is evident and significant for different time range samples employed, as well as for the several measures of price efficiency used.
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Pham, Minh H. "Signal Detection of Adverse Drug Reaction using the Adverse Event Reporting System: Literature Review and Novel Methods." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7218.
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One of the objectives of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is to protect the public health through post-marketing drug safety surveillance, also known as Pharmacovigilance. An inexpensive and efficient method to inspect post-marketing drug safety is to use data mining algorithms on electronic health records to discover associations between drugs and adverse events.
The purpose of this study is two-fold. First, we review the methods and algorithms proposed in the literature for identifying association drug interactions to an adverse event and discuss their advantages and drawbacks. Second, we attempt to adapt some novel methods that have been used in comparable problems such as the genome-wide association studies and the market-basket problems. Most of the common methods in the drug-adverse event problem have univariate structure and thus are vulnerable to give false positive when certain drugs are usually co-prescribed. Therefore, we will study applicability of multivariate methods in the literature such as Logistic Regression and Regression-adjusted Gamma-Poisson Shrinkage Model for the association studies. We also adopted Random Forest and Monte Carlo Logic Regression from the genome-wide association study to our problem because of their ability to detect inherent interactions. We have built a computer program for the Regression-adjusted Gamma Poisson Shrinkage model, which was proposed by DuMouchel in 2013 but has not been made available in any public software package. A comparison study between popular methods and the proposed new methods is presented in this study.
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Giakoumelou, Sevasti. "The role of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in adverse pregnancy outcomes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29574.
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Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), the most common sexually transmitted bacterium, has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including controversial data on miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight, however the causative mechanisms are unknown. A successful pregnancy requires normal endometrial stromal cell (ESC) decidualisation and trophoblast invasion, processes that involve chemokine action and lead to successful implantation. My objectives were to determine whether Ct infection impacts upon ESC decidualisation and chemokine secretion on human primary ESC invitro, to investigate the role of Ct infection in pregnancy in-vivo using a murine model of pregnancy and to investigate the role of Ct in miscarriage in a statistically powered case control study. A novel finding is that Ct can infect and proliferate in ESC, resulting in suboptimal decidualisation as measured by decidualisation marker prolactin’s reduced mRNA and protein levels in infected ESC. Furthermore, the altered secreted chemokine profile of decidualised ESC suggests an attenuated innate immune response from infected ESC. Focusing on chemokines C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) and CXCL16, important for trophoblast invasion, decreased mRNA and protein concentrations were detected in infected decidualised cells. From the in-vivo mouse model of past Ct infection in pregnancy, it was demonstrated that Ct infection did neither affect the fertility of the mice, pregnancy or resorption numbers in C3H mice nor alter embryonic and placental weight on e12 embryos. However, Ct infection caused reduction of embryo and placenta weight on e14 embryos. Finally, preliminary data from the case control study indicate that past Ct infection is not associated with miscarriage. Our in house PGP3 ELISA that detects past Ct infection was more sensitive than a commercially available MOMP ELISA. My data suggests that Ct infection affects pregnancy during the implantation stage by impairing decidualisation and altering chemokine secretion predisposing for adverse pregnancy outcomes that include growth restriction during later gestation.
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Zeeshan, Muhammad Fazal. "Use of an Electronic Reporting System to Determine Adverse Event Rates, Adverse Event Costs, and the Relationship of Adverse Events with Patients’ Body Mass Index." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1372765526.
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Hawley, Torrey. "Pediatric Obesity and Peri-Operative Adverse Events." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/453.
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Most surgeries and many medical procedures commonly make use of some form of anesthesia to maximize patient comfort and safety. However, all are associated with risks. Obesity and related health care problems are relatively common in anesthesia and also have a negative effect on morbidity and mortality. Trends in pediatric obesity show increases in both the prevalence and risks for the development of other disease. Using the 1997 through 2009 Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID), this study will assess diagnostic codes to identify complications related to anesthesia in the obese pediatric population. Information gained from this study may serve to advance research and the development of anesthetic techniques to improve both safety and overall health for this population.
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Ammann, Eric Michael. "Intraveneous immune globulin and thromboembolic adverse events." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5909.
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The research presented in this dissertation harnesses two secondary data sources, administrative databases of patient-level healthcare data and adverse event (AE) data reported in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), to assess the relationship between intravenous immune globulin (IVIg) and the risk of clinically serious thromboembolic adverse events (TEEs). Since 2013, IVIg products have carried a boxed warning concerning TEE risk, a determination supported by numerous case reports, a large claims-based risk assessment, and laboratory evaluations of the thrombogenecity of IVIg products. Questions remain concerning the magnitude of the risk overall and across subgroups of IVIg users.
Taken together, our results are compatible with the conclusion that the absolute risk of TEE following IVIg use is likely to be low overall. While these results are reassuring, a clinically meaningful elevation in risk cannot be ruled out in certain patient sub-groups, such as older adults and others with a high baseline risk of TEE. A limitation of our research is that differences in TEE risk across products could not be evaluated with sufficient statistical power.
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Kakar, Tabassum. "MARAS: Multi-Drug Adverse Reactions Analytics System." Digital WPI, 2016. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1236.
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Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Clinical trials, which are extremely costly, human labor intensive and specific to controlled human subjects, are ineffective to uncover all ADRs related to a drug. There is thus a growing need of computing-supported methods facilitating the automated detection of drugs-related ADRs from large reports data sets; especially ADRs that left undiscovered during clinical trials but later arise due to drug-drug interactions or prolonged usage. For this purpose, big data sets available through drug-surveillance programs and social media provide a wealth of longevity information and thus a huge opportunity. In this research, we thus design a system using machine learning techniques to discover severe unknown ADRs triggered by a combination of drugs, also known as drug-drug-interaction. Our proposed Multi-drug Adverse Reaction Analytics System (MARAS) adopts and adapts an association rule mining-based methodology by incorporating contextual information to detect, highlight and visualize interesting drug combinations that are strongly associated with a set of ADRs. MARAS extracts non-spurious associations that are true representations of the combination of drugs taken and reported by patients. We demonstrate the utility of MARAS via case studies from the medical literature, and the usability of the MARAS system via a user study using real world medical data extracted from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
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Strobl, Sascha. "Liquidity, Governance and Adverse Selection in Asset Pricing." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/949.
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A plethora of recent literature on asset pricing provides plenty of empirical evidence on the importance of liquidity, governance and adverse selection of equity on pricing of assets together with more traditional factors such as market beta and the Fama-French factors. However, literature has usually stressed that these factors are priced individually. In this dissertation we argue that these factors may be related to each other, hence not only individual but also joint tests of their significance is called for.
In the three related essays, we examine the liquidity premium in the context of the finer three-digit SIC industry classification, joint importance of liquidity and governance factors as well as governance and adverse selection. Recent studies by Core, Guay and Rusticus (2006) and Ben-Rephael, Kadan and Wohl (2010) find that governance and liquidity premiums are dwindling in the last few years. One reason could be that liquidity is very unevenly distributed across industries. This could affect the interpretation of prior liquidity studies. Thus, in the first chapter we analyze the relation of industry clustering and liquidity risk following a finer industry classification suggested by Johnson, Moorman and Sorescu (2009). In the second chapter, we examine the dwindling influence of the governance factor if taken simultaneously with liquidity. We argue that this happens since governance characteristics are potentially a proxy for information asymmetry that may be better captured by market liquidity of a company’s shares. Hence, we jointly examine both the factors, namely, governance and liquidity – in a series of standard asset pricing tests. Our results reconfirm the importance of governance and liquidity in explaining stock returns thus independently corroborating the findings of Amihud (2002) and Gompers, Ishii and Metrick (2003). Moreover, governance is not subsumed by liquidity. Lastly, we analyze the relation of governance and adverse selection, and again corroborate previous findings of a priced governance factor. Furthermore, we ascertain the importance of microstructure measures in asset pricing by employing Huang and Stoll’s (1997) method to extract an adverse selection variable and finding evidence for its explanatory power in four-factor regressions.
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Tang, Huaxiu. "Detecting Adverse Drug Reactions in Electronic Health Records by using the Food and Drug Administration’s Adverse Event Reporting System." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1470753258.
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Otero, Carolina. "Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Timely Bachelor's Degree Attainment." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6993.
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It is well established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to health and emotional outcomes. But less is known about the relationship between ACEs and educational attainment—a potentially important feature of educational stratification in America. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative youth study of 7-12th grade students in the 1994-95 school year, I investigate whether ACEs is linked to post-secondary attainment and examine the role of health and socio-emotional factors as mediators. Results confirm that there is a graded relationship between ACEs and timely bachelor's degree attainment. I find that an additional ACE decreases the odds of timely bachelor's degree attainment by about 17%, even after accounting for other related factors.
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Jeter, Bridget. "Resilience Among Survivors of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3629.
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The empirical investigation of adverse childhood events (ACEs) and their relationship with health and well-being outcomes in later life is increasing. Less is known about factors that may promote resilience for those who have survived such challenges, such as how resilience may be facilitated for those with ACEs residing in a marginalized region such as South Central Appalachia. Multidimensional spirituality, social support, stigma related to ACEs, and Appalachian acculturation may serve as both valid cultural factors and potential indicators of resilience. Cross-sectional, simultaneous multiple regression analysis was performed on data collected from 272 adult patients of a South Central Appalachian based medically assisted treatment (MAT) program utilizing PROCESS macro (Hayes, 2018). Participants were 53.8% male, 94.4% Caucasian, 44.9% aged 35-50 years old, and 63.6% employed. Endorsement of increased spirituality was helpful for those in MAT in South Central Appalachia who self-reported ACEs. However, as one endorsed an increasing number of ACEs, spirituality was no longer salient but instead was associated with worsened health outcomes and lessened hope. The three dimensions of spirituality (Ritualistic, Theistic, and Existential) moderated these relationships in similar but nuanced ways. Social support, on the other hand, improved mental health regardless of ACE score. Stigma and Appalachian acculturation were only related to other variables at the bivariate level but not within the hypothesized moderation model. Our study offers preliminary insight into culturally relevant resilience within South Central Appalachia, however additional investigation is needed to better understand the complex facets of health and well-being outcomes in this marginalized region.
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Subramanyam, Rajeev. "Factors Predictive of Adverse Postoperative Events Following Tonsillectomy." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1384869860.
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Pitoli, Adriano. "O problema da assimetria de informação no mercado de cursos superiores: o papel do provão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-09082004-124030/.
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Este trabalho apresenta três extensões ao modelo de reputação proposto por Shapiro (1983). A primeira torna o modelo original mais adequado para avaliar o problema de informação assimétrica de bens de busca e bens credenciais, a segunda permite identificar o ganho de eficiência gerado pela inclusão de um sistema de informação adicional e, a terceira mostra que a provisão de um volume maior de informação pode gerar efeitos adversos quando o produto em questão possui vários atributos. Em seguida, os desenvolvimentos teóricos são utilizados para avaliar os efeitos da introdução do Exame Nacional de Cursos sobre o mercado de cursos superiores do Brasil. Algumas das predições do modelo são testadas empiricamente, fornecendo indicações de que este Exame possui um papel relevante para mitigar o problema de informação identificado neste mercado.<br>This essay presents three extensions to the model first proposed by Shapiro (1983) regarding reputation. The first extension adjusts Shapiros original model in order to make it more suitable in dealing with the problem of asymmetric information of search goods and credence goods. The second one allows the identification of the efficiency gains obtained after the inclusion of an additional information system, while the third extension demonstrates that additional information could generate adverse effects when the good under consideration has several attributes. These theoretical extensions are then applied to evaluate the effects of the Brazilian experience regarding the introduction of the Courses National Exam - Exame Nacional de Cursos on Brazils market of undergraduate school courses. Some of the theoretical predictions of the model are empirically tested, offering indications that such exam plays a relevant role while diminishing the informational problem that characterizes this market.
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Thompson, Morgan. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health Risk Behaviors among College Students." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499450058.
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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with social, emotional, and cognitive impairments resulting from disrupted neurodevelopment. These impairments manifest as health risk behaviors (HRBs) including tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, illicit drug use, and sexual risk behaviors. The current study assessed the relation between ACEs and HRBs by examining the cognitive abilities of 144 college students (M = 18.92 years; 56.3% female; 63.9% White; M = .078 ACEs). Participants completed an interview (parental incarceration, Criminogenic Cognitions Scale), surveys (Youth Risk Behavior Survey, ACE Questionnaire), delay discounting task, the Tower of Hanoi, and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Results revealed a graded relationship between ACE scores and illicit drug use risk behaviors, ACE scores and sexual risk behaviors, and household criminality and sexual risk behaviors. Students who reported more ACEs had an increase in the likelihood of reporting illicit drug use and sexual risk behaviors. Although no significant mediation effects of cognitive impairment were observed, a path analysis model revealed that a subscale of the Criminogenic Cognitions Scale (Negative Attitudes toward Authority) mediated the relation between ACE scores and sexual risk behaviors. These findings demonstrate the cognitive impairments may not serve as the best explanation for the relation between ACEs and HRBs in college students. However, these findings do indicate that a universal approach to preventing and reducing HRBs among at-risk college students may be inappropriate. Rather, it may be best to target specific HRBs.
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Parks, Treyveon, and Alex Hernandez. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Coping Methods for Social Work Students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/817.
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The purpose of the following study was to explore and examine the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) and coping methods among social work students at a Southern California university. The literature on ACE scores suggests that higher levels of ACE can impact well-being and functioning in adults, yet, provides limited information relating to social work.
A quantitative survey instrument constructed by Felitti and colleagues (1998) and two additional questions relating to coping methods and strategies were constructed by the researchers were used to gather data for the purpose of this study. Data for the following study was collected through a self-administered, online questionnaire distributed by a Southern California university school of social work administration via Qualtrics online survey software. The data was analyzed with SPSS software, using descriptive statistics, frequencies, and independent sample t-tests.
The study’s results suggest that social work students, in general, have higher ACE scores than are found in the general population. The majority of respondents reported having more than 2 instances of ACE. Yet, less than half of respondents reported using effective, healthy coping methods to cope with experiences of childhood hood trauma. These findings suggest that schools of social work, and the agencies that employee their graduates, should consider providing enhances, supports, and training for social work students and professionals coping with ACE events.
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Pykare, Justin D. "Screening for Adverse Childhood Experiences in Medication-Assisted Treatment." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1617798934883737.
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Creviston, Megan. "Adverse Childhood Experiences among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1610112137970568.
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Jones, Marissa R. "The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Acute Stress, and Working Memory." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3775.
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Working memory (WM) is a crucial component of cognitive function that affects learning, reasoning, and problem solving, all of which are important for daily functioning. Therefore, addressing factors that can impact working memory, such as stress, are incredibly relevant to understanding WM efficiency. WM is an important component of higher order cognitive function and high WM capacity has been shown to be important for academic and occupational performance. Thus, understanding the relationship between stress-related factors and WM could aid in identifying strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of stress on working memory. Although some previous research has indicated a negative impact of acute stress on WM, other research has indicated no impact or even a positive impact of stress on WM. As the relationship between acute stress and WM is mixed, examining other stress-related factors may provide further insight into the relationship. The current study examines how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and acute stress influence WM, and how frontal theta and alpha activity are affected by WM task demands. Participants completed a working memory task while their EEG was recorded. Participants then completed the PANAS to assess their current emotional state. Following the PANAS, participants viewed a stressful or neutral video as an acute stress induction, followed by a second PANAS to ensure effectiveness of stress induction. Participants then completed the WM task a second time. Finally, the participants completed the ACEs questionnaire. Bayesian linear mixed effects models were used to examine the relationships between ACEs, acute stress, WM, and frontal theta and alpha frequencies. Findings suggest there is not enough evidence to support a relationship between acute stress, ACEs, WM, and WM-related theta and alpha. While the current study did not reveal a relationship, future research should explore how acute stress and exposure to specific stressors during childhood could explain individual differences in WM.
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Cook, Rachel. "Educator Perceptions of Generational Poverty, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Student Learning." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3936.
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The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine educators perceptions of the effects of generational poverty and adverse childhood experiences on student learning and to understand the factors that might facilitate breaking the cycle of generational poverty and adverse childhood experiences with respect to student learning.
Data collection strategies included individual interviews and document review. Analysis of data occurred in three phases: categorization of data, building the explanation in narrative form and reexamination of the data. The analysis of the data was based on Payne’s idea of generational poverty and the CDC-Kaiser Permanente Adverse Childhood Experiences(ACE) study.
The credibility of the analysis was protected by triangulation of data through multiple sources of evidence, establishment of a chain of evidence, and member checking. After interviews were conducted the following themes emerged as ways to break the cycle of generational poverty and adverse childhood experiences: tutoring/after school programs, mentors/peer buddies, educating educators, parent involvement, and accountability. The results are detailed in the study.
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Tucciarone, Joseph T. Jr. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Homeless Chronicity, and Age at Onset of Homelessness." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3534.
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Childhood adversity is associated with numerous negative outcomes across multiple domains, including mental and physical health, interrelationships, and social functioning. Notably, research suggests that childhood adversity has a dose-response relationship with these outcomes; that is, greater numbers of adverse experiences in childhood are associated with worse outcomes. These outcomes overlap with many risk factors of homelessness. This study sought to address two questions: 1) Does a dose-response relationship exist between childhood adversity and chronic homelessness? 2) Does childhood adversity negatively predict the age at which homelessness first occurs? Adults experiencing homeless who are accessing homeless services in the Tri-Cities area of Northeast Tennessee responded to a brief instrument that includes measures of homeless chronicity, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), and age of onset of homelessness. Although relationships between ACEs and homeless chronicity was not observed, a relationship did emerge between number of ACEs and number of episodes and number of ACEs and age at initial onset of homelessness.
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Jareczek, Francis Josef. "Mechanistic bases for the adverse interaction of nicotine and chronic pain." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6148.
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The adverse interaction between smoking and chronic pain has been known for decades. A variety of chronic pain conditions – ranging from headache to low back pain to fibromyalgia – markedly exacerbate smoking prevalence and intensity in packs per day among multiple patient populations. In patients seeking pain treatment, the prevalence of smoking approaches 50%, compared to less than 20% in the general population. Perhaps not surprisingly, the relationship is bidirectional: not only does persistent pain increase rates and intensity of smoking, but smoking also appears to exacerbate both the intensity and associated impairment of chronic pain. In fact, smoking appears to place individuals at risk for developing a chronic pain condition and may also facilitate the transition from acute to chronic pain. The growing body of literature documenting these associations has led to the proposition of a positive feedback loop: individuals smoke in part to cope with their pain, but smoking actually worsens the pain. Despite the strong evidence for the existence of this adverse interaction, the mechanisms responsible for it remain poorly understood.
A number of preclinical and clinical studies have documented that nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, e.g., nicotine, have analgesic efficacy in the acute pain setting, such as that produced experimentally in the research laboratory or experienced by patients postoperatively. In contrast, the role of nAChR activation in modulating chronic pain is less well characterized. The experiments described in this thesis determine whether persistent pain diminishes the antinociceptive (analgesic) efficacy of an α4β2 nAChR agonist in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), a key brainstem pain modulatory nucleus, and subsequently begin to elucidate the mechanisms by which persistent pain elicits this plasticity.
The complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) model of chronic pain was employed to test the hypothesis that persistent inflammatory injury diminishes the antinociceptive efficacy of the selective and potent α4β2 nAChR agonist epibatidine in key brainstem pain modulatory nuclei. Paw withdrawal latency to a noxious heat stimulus was used to evaluate the anti-hyperalgesic and antinociceptive effects of epibatidine microinjected in the RVM or periaqueductal gray (PAG) of male rats. The effects of epibatidine were assessed both in uninjured animals and in animals at different times after intraplantar CFA injection. Interestingly, pretreatment with an α4β2-selective antagonist demonstrated that the antinociceptive effects of epibatidine in naïve rats were mediated by α4β2 nAChRs in the RVM but not in the PAG. While the antinociceptive effects of epibatidine in the RVM were abolished after two weeks of inflammatory pain, the anti-hyperalgesic effects remained unchanged. Surprisingly, epibatidine no longer appeared to be acting primarily at α4β2 nAChRs as early as four hours after injury. Persistent inflammation did not alter the anti-hyperalgesic or antinociceptive effects of epibatidine in the PAG.
Radioligand binding studies were conducted to test the most parsimonious hypothesis that a global reduction in α4β2 nAChR number or binding affinity during persistent injury was in part responsible for the decreased efficacy of epibatidine in the RVM after intraplantar CFA. Saturation binding using [3H]-epibatidine in membrane homogenates prepared from RVM and PAG tissue revealed no differences in receptors between saline- and CFA-treated rats at any time after injury, suggesting that a whole-nucleus reduction in nAChRs could not explain the observed behavioral phenomena.
To query functional changes with greater resolution, whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology was employed to begin assessing the consequences of nAChR activation by nicotine at the level of the neuron. Initial studies performed in the locus coeruleus demonstrated that all neurons responded to nicotine with an inward current that desensitized with continued exposure to the drug. Neurons in the RVM exhibited significantly more heterogeneity in their response to nicotine: desensitizing inward currents were seen in some; sustained outward currents in others; inward currents followed by outward currents in a third population; and still others had no response to nicotine exposure. The sustained outward currents persisted in the presence of the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin, were not blocked by an α4β2 nAChR-selective antagonist, and appeared to be mediated by G protein-coupled receptors and potassium channels.
Taken together, the present results demonstrate that persistent inflammatory injury produces adaptive changes in nicotinic signaling in the RVM such that the antinociceptive effects of epibatidine activation are abolished in a time-dependent manner. These changes cannot be attributed to a whole-nucleus reduction in α4β2 nAChRs. However, nicotinic signaling in the RVM is complex, and small alterations in the pre- or postsynaptic actions of nicotine may have significant ramifications for the overall nociceptive sensitivity of an animal. The data presented here suggest that plasticity in nicotinic signaling within the bulbospinal pain modulatory pathways may in part explain the adverse interaction between smoking and chronic pain observed in humans.
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Sosnowski, David. "Adverse Childhood Experiences Indirectly Affect Child Telomere Length Through Self-Regulation." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5768.
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The goals of present study were: (a) to examine associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and telomere length during childhood using ACE composite scores both with and without “new” adversities (i.e., parental death and poverty), and (b) to determine if ACEs indirectly affect telomere length through children’s self-regulatory abilities (i.e., effortful control and self-control). The analytic sample consisted of national data from teachers, biological parents, and their children (N = 2,527; Mage = 9.35, SD = .36 years; 52% male; 45% Black). Results from linear regression analyses revealed a statistically significant main effect of updated (but not traditional) ACEs on child telomere length, controlling for hypothesized covariates, although the additional amount of variance explained by ACEs was negligible. Results from mediation analyses revealed an indirect effect of ACEs on child telomere length through self-control, assessed via a teacher-reported Social Skills Rating System, but not effortful control. While longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen claims of causation, the present study clarifies the association between ACEs and telomere length during middle childhood, and identifies a pathway from ACEs to changes in telomere length that should be explored further.
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Rodgers, Amie D. Rusyn Ivan. "Modeling adverse liver effects of drugs using kNN QSAR method." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2463.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 3, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Sciences in the School of Medicine Toxicology." Discipline: Toxicology; Department/School: Medicine.
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Bernard, David P. "Impact of stream acidification on invertebrates : drift response to in situ experiments augmenting aluminum ion concentrations." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24478.
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Recent evidence strongly suggests that aluminum toxicity is important in determining the structural and functional characteristics of freshwater communities affected by acid precipitation. To determine the effect dissolved aluminum has on lotic invertebrates previously unexposed to anthropogenic acidification, experiments were carried out in a second-order headwater stream 50 km east of Vancouver, British Columbia during August 1982. In three separate experiments, HC1 and/or A1C1₃ were added to Mayfly Creek during daylight hours, increasing acidity from pH 6.9 - 7.0 to pH 5.8 - 6.0 and total aluminum from < 0.1 mg/L to > 1.0 mg/L. Biological response was monitored by sampling invertebrate drift with 86 Mm nets.
Relative to an unmanipulated, upstream control site, drift density doubled in response to added H⁺ alone (pH 5.9). When Al₃⁺ was added (pH 5.9) drift density increased fourfold. Following 48 h continuous dosing with HC1 (pH 5.9) there was an even greater response to added Al₃⁺.
Ephemeroptera were able to detect dissolved aluminum and responded almost immediately (within 45 min). Similarly, Trichoptera and Chironomidae detected increased H⁺ concentrations and responded immediately. Response to
augmented Al₃⁺ by Trichoptera, Hydracarina, and Chironomidae was delayed 6 h. However, pre-exposing animals to 48 h HC1 resulted in enhanced aluminum sensitivity for Chironomidae and for Simulium and Plecoptera, which had not responded within 10 h to H⁺ or Al₃⁺ alone. It is proposed that rapid increases in drift density are due to behavioral escape responses, while delayed responses are probably associated with physiological impairment. Evidence was also obtained suggesting that during early stages of morphological development Ephemeroptera and Chironomidae are more sensitive to increased Al₃⁺ and H⁺ concentrations than during later developmental stages.
In laboratory experiments using artificial stream channels, Chironomidae larvae and Ephemeroptera nymphs were exposed to CI⁻ and H⁺ concentrations, equal to those during field experiments. Results showed that drift behavior in these animals is not stimulated by mildly elevated chloride concentrations.
These studies demonstrate that increased dissolved aluminum concentrations intensify biological response to acidification, and confirm acid sensitivity patterns for Ephemeroptera and Chironomidae reported by others. The observed acid
insensitivity of Plecoptera, simuliids, and Trichoptera also conforms to previously described patterns.
Experimentally manipulating this community produced results closely resembling those obtained in similar studies for areas currently affected by acid precipitation. The major difference in results between studies is that invertebrate communities previously unexposed to acidification contain more species sensitive to mild acidification. These latter animals are particularly sensitive to the presence of elevated dissolved aluminum concentrations.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Zoology, Department of<br>Graduate
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Mentzel, Tammy K. "Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on Control of Diabetes." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1447690892.
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Michaels, Patricia C. "The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Adult Monetary Behaviors." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1531941674153599.
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Dye, Jacqueline R. "Adult Intellectual Developmental Disorder: Adverse Childhood Experiences and Problem Behaviors." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1597925889922411.
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Alhammad, Ali M. "FACTORS INFLUENCING PHARMACISTS’ DECISION TO REPORT ADVERSE EVENTS RELATED TO DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2849.
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Background: The increasing consumption of dietary supplements (DS) has drawn the attention of regulatory agencies, researchers and healthcare professionals. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not require premarketing assessment of DS considering them safe unless proven otherwise. However, the reporting rate of DS adverse events (DS-AE) is low. Objective: To describe pharmacists’ attitudes and knowledge of DS and DS information resources, and to determine the importance of selected attributes in pharmacists’ decisions to report a DS-AE. Methods: A convenience sample of practicing pharmacists in Virginia was surveyed using a web-based self-administered questionnaire. A conjoint analysis exercise was developed using several scenarios based on a set of five attributes: patient’s age, initiation of DS, last modification in drug therapy, evidence supporting the AE, and outcome of the AE. Participants were asked to indicate their decision to report the AE in each scenario to prescriber, drug manufacturer, DS manufacturer and FDA on a 6-point ordered scale. Participants’ attitude, knowledge of DS, demographic information, and DS information resources were also requested. Linear regression models were used to determine the relative importance of the profile attributes on a pharmacist’s decision to report the AE. The effects of other characteristics on the importance of the attributes were assessed. Results: Participants’ overall attitudes were relatively positive for the clinical use of DS but negative for safe of DS. Formal training on DS was associated with better knowledge of DS regulation. The average knowledge score of DS identification was relatively good but was low for DS regulation. Lexi-Comp® was the most widely used and available information resource and the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database was the most useful once. The most important attribute that a pharmacist considered in the decision to report a DS-AE to DS manufacturer, drug manufacturer and FDA was the outcome of the AE followed by the evidence supporting the AE. Ranking of these two factors was the reversed in reporting to prescriber. Conclusions: Outcome and evidence of the AE are the most important factors participants considered when reporting. Other characteristics do not have an impact on the relative importance of the attributes.
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Otwell-Dove, Rebecca. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Familial Emotion Socialization, and Adult Emotion Regulation: A Moderation Model." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3677.
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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with maladaptive outcomes, including difficulties with emotion regulation (ER). ER difficulties, in turn, increase risk for experiencing physical and mental health problems. Parental emotion socialization is one factor that has been associated with ER skills across development. No known studies, however, have examined whether parental emotion socialization moderates the relationship between ACEs and ER difficulties. In the current study, undergraduates (N = 678) completed questionnaires about their history of ACEs, parental emotion socialization experiences, and current ER difficulties. Correlational results indicated a positive correlation between ACEs and ER difficulties. Results of the hierarchical multiple regression analyses found a significant moderation effect only within the context of distress reaction (DR) parenting. Results suggested that the link between ACEs and adult ER difficulties was stronger in the context of low to moderate DR parenting and relatively weak in circumstances of high DR parenting.
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Zadvinskis, Inga Mirdza. "An Exploration of Contributing Factors to Patient Safety and Adverse Events." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437409566.
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Doudna, Aaron Seth II. "Examining Adverse Patient Outcomes: The Role of Task Demand and Fatigue." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1574380981746224.
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McCloskey, Rebecca Jane. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Postpartum Health, and Breastfeeding: A Mixed Methods Study." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586539670575903.
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Kinsella, Billyndé. "The development of a radiation quality control manual by analysing the prevalance of adverse incidents during radiation therapy at Universitas annexe Bloemfontein." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/19.
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Dutt, Mohini D. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and its Association with Cognitive Impairment in Non- Patient Older Population." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7019.
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This study explores cognitive impairment and its correlation to early- life adverse experiences in non-patient population between the ages of 50 to 65. This developmental approach and observational study design explores cognition in pre-clinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Using a standardized neuropsychological instrument, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and clinically administered questionnaire, the ACE (Adverse Childhood Experiences), I hypothesized that participants with high ACE scores will inversely have low MoCA scores.
My goal was to use a multiple linear regression model with 3 covariates and 1 predictor of interest (ACEs). At 80% power, a sample size of 40 was calculated as needed. This would mean that the results would have 80 % chance of declaring statistical significance. This corresponds to an R-squared value (percentage of variation in MoCA score explained by the predictor) of 17.2%. The desired sample size was not attained successfully due to several barriers in receiving sample data from the collaborating site and the 2017 Hurricane Irma causing a drop in participation rate. Overall 13 participants had successfully participated. The analysis of the results is demonstrated in a line graph indicating a relationship between ACE and MoCA scores. The accuracy of the descriptive statistics could be argued against due to the low sample size. The analysis of the ethnographic interviews brings out some trends in the participant responses. The focus here has been to discuss these responses as to how they advocate for the entanglement theory of aging. In other words, how the exposure to social and environmental factors at various stages of an individual’s lifecourse can interact with one’s physiology, resulting in exposure- specific health conditions at later life stages. Among the period of exposure, my focus through this study is specifically on the early exposures in the lifecourse. This is facilitated by the use of the ACE questionnaire regarding exposures to adverse experiences such as sexual/ physical abuse, familial mental health issues, alcohol/ drug abuse in the family and loss or separation from parents. The entanglement theory further allows for race or culture specific exposures to adversity that raises the question of varying health consequences among cultural or racial groups and the need for a more critical approach in providing access to healthcare and healthcare policy development. Trends in ethnographic results obtained have allowed for the critical discourse in the transgenerational effects of social adversity, effects of resilience- building from adversity and the need for care- giver mental health services.
The study brought out critiques on how the ACE module could be made more inclusive of experiences specific to diverse cultures and regions, as well as the need to address the severity of individual experiences. We conclude by discussing how effects of social or environmental experiences can be used toward AD and aging research and what supporting literature and initiatives currently exist. The discussion is also inspired by the existing political discourse around the medicalization of AD and how that influences the reductionist methods in AD research. This new direction of applied and holistic approach derives its perspective from neuroanthropology and applied medical anthropology. The overall aim of this study is to ask questions challenging existing research methods with the ultimate hope to newly influence the allocation of AD research and risk reduction toward interdisciplinary focus and funding, involving early-life lived experiences and life course perspectives.
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Killeen, Alexis Ann. "A Caenorhabditis elegans Model to Detect Developmental Teratogens with Adverse Reproductive and Metabolic Effects." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6276.
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Obesity is a current epidemic in the United States. Greater than one third of adults and nearly one fifth of children are classified as obese (Ogden, 2014). Increased awareness of this problem has triggered interest into the potentially causal agents in our environment. These agents, termed obesogens, are a type of teratogen hypothesized to work during embryonic development by programming offspring to store excess fat. A type of teratogen, obesogens are also typically reprotoxic, affecting germline development and embryonic viability. These noxious teratogens span a variety of different chemical classes including estrogen mimics, metals and metalloids, biocides, and even voluntary exposures like cigarette smoke. The goal of this work is to use the soil nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans to model the reprotoxic and obesogenic events that take place as a result of chronic, low-dose exposure to these agents. C. elegans is especially well suited to this end. The organism has a straightforward biology, a short lifespan on the order of days, and relevant lipid metabolic gene homology to humans. We characterize here the resultant effects on egg-laying, hatching, and embryo viability after chronic parental exposure to obesogens. Through this, we are able to best recapitulate the low-dose exposure for our obesogen screen. Here, chronic, sub-lethal parental exposure to the obesogens screened yielded viable offspring that exhibited increased percentages of body area lipid stained and induced differences in stained lipid localization. Reduced pharyngeal pumping rates in two of our offspring groups highlights the potential for lasting changes on behavioral phenotype as well. Lastly, we employed phylogenetic guided analysis to functionally assess putative C. elegans nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) to human Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors (PPARs). These human PPARs have implications in lipid metabolism and obesity. We report here novel findings that NHR-85 and SEX-1 may act to repress lipid storage in the nematode, thereby serving as potential homologs of human PPARα. The results presented in this study highlight the lasting effects of chronic parental exposure to noxious environmental teratogens on the function of the reproductive system. Furthermore, the nematode can be used as an in vivo model to screen sublethal doses of these teratogens for their potential to act as obesogens. Bioinformatics guided analysis of C. elegans NHR homologs to human NHRs can continue to yield novel insight on this fat storage and its regulation in the nematode.
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Salemi, Jason Lee. "Elective Early Term Delivery and Adverse Infant Outcomes in a Population-Based Multiethnic Cohort." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5118.
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The length of human pregnancy, arguably the most natural of physiological processes, is undergoing subtle but consequential modification in order to adapt to modern societal demands. The gestational age distribution of births in the United States has been shifting to lower gestational ages over the past two decades, parallel to a concomitant rise in obstetrical intervention in pregnancy. The result has been an increase in elective deliveries at 37-38 weeks (early term).
A population-based retrospective cohort study of over 616,000 live-born full-term singleton infants was conducted to investigate the association between elective early term delivery and subsequent infant morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization in the first year of life. Data were examined from a statewide, multi-year, clinically-enhanced database created by linking birth certificate records to maternal and infant hospital discharge records, and to infant death certificates, for all infants born to Florida-resident mothers from 2005-09. All infants delivered to mothers with an established medical condition that could have justified early delivery were excluded from the study, as it would not be possible to determine if an early delivery in those cases was elective or medically-necessary. Based on the timing and reason for delivery initiation, the study population was categorized into four exposure groups: 1) early electively induced delivery at 37-38 weeks (EED-I), 2) early elective cesarean delivery at 37-38 weeks (EED-CS), 3) early spontaneous delivery at 37-38 weeks (ESD), 4) early medically-indicated delivery at 37-38 weeks (EID). The comparison group consisted of all expectantly managed infants who were full term deliveries (FTD) at ≥39 weeks. Adverse infant outcomes in the first year of life included respiratory morbidities, neonatal sepsis, feeding difficulties, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, the frequency and duration of hospital encounters, and infant mortality. Multivariable generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) or rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between exposure and each outcome, adjusting for maternal, infant, and hospital characteristics and accounting for the correlation among infants born at the same facility.
Infants who were delivered by EED-I or EED-CS comprised 13% of the study population, and 40% of infants born in the early term period. Infants who were delivered by EED-I experienced the lowest likelihoods of respiratory morbidities, neonatal sepsis, and admission to the NICU when compared to FTD infants. In contrast, infants delivered by EED-CS had significantly increased risks several adverse birth outcomes, with magnitudes ranging from a 9% to 40% increase. Only 8.3% of all infants were re-admitted to the hospital after birth. Despite having the lowest likelihood of the birth morbidities studied, infants delivered by EED-I had a small 10-15% increased odds of being re-hospitalized in the first year of life, compared to FTD infants. These infants also had a slightly higher mean number of visits and combined LOS during post-birth hospitalizations, although the absolute differences from other exposure groups was small. Elective early term cesarean infants actually had a slightly lower risk of re-hospitalization, particularly re-hospitalizations that occurred between weeks 3-52 of life. Neonatal and post-neonatal deaths were rare events (0.3 and 1.3 deaths per 1,000 live births, respectively) in this comparatively low-risk study population. There were no differences in survival when comparing the EED-I and EED-CS groups to the FTD group.
The results of this study raise the concern that these public health efforts to reduce elective early term inductions have been based on biased evidence from a limited number of studies in which artificially elevated risks for early electively-induced infants were reported. In stark contrast to the current dogma, this study found that when a methodologically appropriate comparison group was used (i.e., expectant management), elective induction prior to 39 weeks was NOT associated with an increased risk of any adverse infant outcomes in early life. In contrast, our findings do support the avoidance of purely elective cesarean sections prior to 39 weeks in lieu of expectant management. The evidence presented in this large, methodologically-sound study should caution against a general avoidance of ALL elective early term deliveries, and foster support for continued research in this still relatively new arena.
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Quarless, Mona L. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Neighborhood Disorganization, Co-parenting: The Impact on College Student Mental Health." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6083.
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Though mental health issues are prevalent amongst college students, pre-college environment and experiences are largely overlooked as potential factors in scientific literature. The current study examined the association of neighborhood disorganization, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and mental health outcomes in a sample of college students. Utilizing the ecological model of human development and risk-resilience framework, I examined co-parenting quality as a plausible protective factor against the negative effects of adverse childhood experiences and neighborhood disorder. Self-report measures of ACEs, co-parenting quality, neighborhood disorder, anxiety, and depression were completed by a sample of college students (N = 259; mean age = 19.2 years). Simultaneous multiple regressions indicated that more ACEs predicted more depression and anxiety symptoms. However, neighborhood disorder did not predict anxiety or depression, and co-parenting quality did not moderate the association between neighborhood and mental health or ACEs and mental health outcomes. Results highlight future researchers should investigate pre-college environment to better understand college student mental health.
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Cao, Feng. "Classification, detection and prediction of adverse and anomalous events in medical robots." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1339166738.
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PALUMBO, MARK V. "COGNITIVE ABILITY, JOB KNOWLEDGE, AND STEREOTYPE THREAT: WHEN DOES ADVERSE IMPACT RESULT?" Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1187103730.
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Shen, Jianming. "Functional transfer of musical training to speech perception in adverse acoustical situations." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405107128.
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Steele, Larry Lee. "Occupational exposures and adverse pregnancy outcomes among a cohort of female veterinarians /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487760357821299.
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Memory, Curtis Lynn. "Numerical Simulation of Vortex Generating Jets in Zero and Adverse Pressure Gradients." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2098.pdf.
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Jenkins, James J. II. "Laboratory data and patient safety." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1135271306.
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Waller, LaNeisha. "An examination of the help seeking behaviors of African American women with adverse childhood experiences." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6519.
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Within the United States, African Americans account for 13% of the entire population, making them the second largest minority group. A notable concern is the rate at which African Americans fail to utilize both medical and mental health services. Researchers have long examined possible factors, such as stigmas, barriers, and accessibility, as reasons why African Americans underutilize psychological help. Overlooked is the potential influence of adverse childhood experiences (ACE). The term ACE encompasses ten major domains, ranging from emotional abuse to parental divorce/separation, all of which have been found to negatively influence individuals’ well-being. As such, this study examined the association between African American women’s adverse childhood experiences and help seeking attitudes. Data for this study were gathered from 64 African American female college students. Adverse childhood experiences were measured with the Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC) and help seeking attitudes were assessed with the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF). Results demonstrated scores reflecting childhood traumatic events for violence, death, and legal involvement were negatively related to attitudes toward help seeking. The results of this study highlight the need for continued research regarding ACE for African American women in college settings. Specific implications for this study include outreach development in university counseling centers focused on the association between childhood trauma, violence/legal involvement, and intersectionality. Programming of this nature may provide a critical link to increase this population’s utilization of mental health services.
Keywords: African American women, ACE, help seeking
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Nicholas, Matilda Wray Clarke Stephen H. "A unique memory B cell subset correlates with adverse outomes [sic] in human SLE." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1249.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 26, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology." Discipline: Microbiology and Immunology; Department/School: Medicine.
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Cesene, Daniel Fredrick. "Understanding the Moderators of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Mature Adult Satisfaction and Adjustment." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1485357647704633.
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Redd, Michael John. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Couple Relationships: Impacts on Relationship Quality and Partner Selection." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1510336296933526.
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Kuck, Nichole M. "GENDER, ADVERSE FAMILY-OF-ORIGIN EXPERIENCES, AND CURRENTROMANTIC RELATIONSHIP FUNCTIONING IN MILITARY COUPLES." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1530264652708644.
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Edwards, Larissa-Jayne. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Psychological Outcomes: The Roles of Shame and Resilience." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron154272483558287.
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Gilley, Rebecca. "Adverse Childhood Experiences in Adolescents Who Have Engaged in Sexually Abusive Behavior: The Impact of Polyvictimization on Relevant Outcomes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3647.
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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are related to a variety of detrimental outcomes, including psychopathology and criminal activity. Adolescents and other youth who have engaged in sexually abusive behaviors are a high-risk population in which ACEs are exceptionally common and interrelated. However, the experiences of adversity faced by these youth are not homogenous, and exploring further aspects and details of ACEs may assist in better understanding the etiology of problematic outcomes such as psychopathology and criminal activity in these populations. The deleterious impact of polyvictimization may be one facet of adversity worth considering, as the persistence of maltreatment, presence of multiple perpetrators, and relationship to perpetrator(s) have been linked to poorer outcomes. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between ACEs and psychopathology and criminal activity in a sample of adolescents who have engaged in problematic sexual behavior. Incorporating facets of polyvictimization better explained several of such outcomes.