Academic literature on the topic 'Adversative'
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Journal articles on the topic "Adversative"
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Shirazi, Masoumeh A., and Seyed Mohammad Mousavi Nadoushani. "The Locus of Adversative Conjunctions in the Research Articles." SAGE Open 7, no. 1 (2017): 215824401770094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244017700946.
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This study is an endeavor to find how English native and nonnative EFL/ESL (English as foreign language/English as second language) writers use adversative conjunctions to connect ideas together so that texts have both coherence and cohesion. Regarding the problems nonnative writers of EFL face when composing a piece of writing, we attempted a qualitative study through compiling a stack of 200 articles written by the two groups. The research design concerned the content analysis of research articles and descriptive statistics showing the frequency of occurrences of modals in the data. The findings indicated that the number of proper and correction adversatives exceeded those of contrastive and dismissal; the statistically significant difference between two groups lay in the use of proper and correction adversative conjunction, whereas the two groups showed little or no difference in the usage of contrastive or dismissal adversatives. These findings can help material writers, EFL/ESL teachers, and learners to appreciate the significant roles adversative conjunctions play in writing.
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Rocci, Andrea, Sara Greco, Rebecca Schär, Josephine Convertini, Anne-Nelly Perret-Clermont, and Antonio Iannaccone. "The significance of the adversative connectives aber, mais, ma (‘but’) as indicators in young children’s argumentation." Journal of Argumentation in Context 9, no. 1 (2020): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jaic.00008.roc.
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Abstract Adversative connectives have been analyzed as articulating explicit and implicit facets of argumentative moves and have been thus recognized as potential argumentative indicators. Here we examine adversative connectives Ger. aber, Fr. mais, It. ma (‘but’) in young children’s speech in the context of the ArgImp project, a research endeavor seeking to understand in which situations children aged between two and six years engage in argumentation and how their contributions are structured. Two multilingual corpora have been collected for the project: (1) everyday family conversations, (2) semi-structured play activities and problem solving in a kindergarten setting. Through the detailed analysis of a small collection of examples, we consider the indicative potential of adversative connectives for identifying argumentative episodes in interactions involving young children and for the reconstruction of the inferential configurations of children’s contributions to these argumentative discussions. The results show that fully fledged argumentative interpretations of adversatives occur as a possibility in children’s speech, and that adversative connectives can be used profitably to identify less apparent argumentative confrontations and implicit standpoints in children’s speech.
3
Majid, Estiri, and Siyami Eidlak Khalida. "IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT MEANINGS OF THE CONJUNCTION A (BUT/AND) AND WAYS OF THEIR REPRESENTATION IN THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE." TULA SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. HISTORY. LINGUISTICS, no. 3(19) (December 5, 2024): 170–80. https://doi.org/10.22405/2712-8407-2024-3-170-180.
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Sentences with the coordinating conjunction A express, along with adversative and com-parative relations, also relations of adjunction. Iranian university-based students of Russian as a for-eign language perceive the conjunction A only as a conjunction of explicit adversative meaning, and therefore, when translated into their native language, they use its equivalents - the adversatives ام ا [amma], ولی [vali], and بلکه [balke]. The purpose of this comparative study is to identify all possible ex-plicit and implicit meanings of the Russian conjunction A and its ways of representing them in the Per-sian language. The article presents all possible ways of representing explicit and implicit meanings of the conjunction A in the Russian language in the Persian language. The authors identified the verbali-zation of these meanings with the help of explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language. As a result of the study, the authors reveal that the explicit meaning of the conjunction A as adjunctive, compara-tive and adversative relations is conveyed in Persian by its direct equivalents, namely Persian adversa-tive and adversative conjunctions. However, in the case of the use of the conjunction A of connecting, adversative and comparative relations in implicit meanings, the methods of their representation differ, and are conveyed in Persian using various kinds of combinations of words, conjunctions and particles.
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Conti Jiménez, Carmen. "COORDINACIÓN Y CLÁUSULAS ADVERSATIVAS: PROBLEMAS CLASIFICATORIOS Y PROPUESTA DE ANÁLISIS." Revista Española de Lingüística 46, no. 2 (2017): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31810/rsel.v46i2.150.
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Resumen Este artículo se propone determinar si las adversativas con pero, sino que y aunque restrictivo se comportan como cláusulas coordinadas. En concreto, se mostrará que las cláusulas con sino que y con aunque restrictivo presentan más rasgos compartidos con coordinadas y subordinadas que las cláusulas con pero, que se comportan a efectos gramaticales como coordinadas. Por último, se defenderá la pertinencia de incluir las cláusulas con sino que y aunque restrictivo dentro de la cosubordinación, un tercer tipo de relación que enlaza unidades no integradas (como la coordinación), que, sin embargo, son en algún sentido dependientes (como la subordinación).Palabras clave: adversativas; cosubordinación; coordinación; subordinación; pero; aunque; sino que. Abstract This paper examines whether adversative clauses with pero, sino que and restrictive aunque are or not coordinate. In particular, it will be shown that the clauses with sino que and restrictive aunque share properties with both coordinate and subordinate clauses, whilst the clauses with pero are clearly coordinate, at least from a grammatical point of view. Lastly, it will be argued that the clauses with sino que and restrictive aunque are co-subordinate, that is to say, they are dependent, but not integrated.Keywords: adversatives; co-subordination; coordination; subordination.
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Nurhayani, Ika. "JAVANESE AND PROBLEMS IN THE ANALYSIS OF ADVERSATIVE PASSIVE." Linguistik Indonesia 33, no. 2 (2015): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/li.v33i2.34.
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Adversative passive is one of the means that languages use to code that an event may have detrimental effect on someone. The adversative passive differs from the standard passive in that the speaker perceives an event as unpleasant or unfortunate. The adversity semantic effect is normally encoded with an adversative passive affix attached to the verb. Javanese has such coding with (1) prefix ke- and (2) the circumfix ke--an. However, Javanese adversative passive is not always associated with adversity. In fact, an event described by Javanese adversative passive may have neutral or pleasant consequences. This proves to be problematic for the current frameworks on adversative passives such as Kubo’s (1992) and Pylkkänen’s (2002) because their frameworks assume that an adversative passive carries an adversative semantic property encoded in the malefactive head or with a passive morphology. Moreover, the subject of the ‘adversative passive’ in Javanese does not have to possess an object because the passive can have a reading in which the passive subject held an object belonging to someone else while experiencing a situation related to the object. This also poses a problem for Pylkkänen’s (2002) because she bases her adversative passive analysis on the possessor raising theory which requires a possesive relation between the theme and the affected argument. I argue that Javanese ‘adversative passive’ is best described as a combination of the prefix ke- and suffix –an (the circumfix ke--an) with the prefix ke- carrying the accidental semantics property and the suffix –an as an applicative suffix adding an affected argument to the construction.
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Hoa, Monique. "Connecteurs Ad Versatifs Mais Et Keshi." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 15, no. 1 (1986): 65–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19606028-90000015.
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The author considers the use of the adversative ke (shi) in modern Chinese and opposes it to French mais. Conducted within the framework of pragmatics, this study shows an analogous functioning for these two adversatives when they express oppositions refering to the contents of utterances but a different one when they express oppositions refering to enunciation and non-speech acts. An attempt has been also made at defining the semantieopragmatic relationship between post-subject and pre-subject ke (shi).
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Prasithrathsint, Amara. "The Establishment of the Neutral Passive and the Persistence of the Adversative Passive in Thai." MANUSYA 4, no. 2 (2001): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00402006.
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This study traces the development of the adversative and neutral passives in Thai to draw inferences about their establishment and change. It shows how the word/thùuk/, which used to occur with only a verb with unfavorable meaning to form an adversative passive, is now used with virtually all transitive verbs in Thai. This suggests that the neutral passive has been established in Thai syntax. However, /thùuk/ is ambivalent because it marks both adversative and neutral passives . This means that the adversative passive still persists in Thai, but it is now likely to be marked by /doon/, which has a clear adversative meaning. This passive marker seems to have developed in the track of /thùuk/ and is replacing the equivocal /thùuk/ marker.
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Hua, Zheng, Ruixia Yang, Yanbin Feng, and Xiaojun Yin. "Semantic Augmentation in Chinese Adversarial Corpus for Discourse Relation Recognition Based on Internal Semantic Elements." Electronics 13, no. 10 (2024): 1944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13101944.
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This paper proposes incorporating linguistic semantic information into discourse relation recognition and constructing a Semantic Augmented Chinese Discourse Corpus (SACA) comprising 9546 adversative complex sentences. In adversative complex sentences, we suggest a quadruple (P, Q, R, Qβ) representing internal semantic elements, where the semantic opposition between Q and Qβ forms the basis of the adversative relationship. P denotes the premise, and R represents the adversative reason. The overall annotation approach of this corpus follows the Penn Discourse Treebank (PDTB), except for the classification of senses. We combined insights from the Chinese Discourse Treebank (CDTB) and obtained eight sense categories for Chinese adversative complex sentences. Based on this corpus, we explore the relationship between sense classification and internal semantic elements within our newly proposed Chinese Adversative Discourse Relation Recognition (CADRR) task. Leveraging deep learning techniques, we constructed various classification models and the model that utilizes internal semantic element features, demonstrating their effectiveness and the applicability of our SACA corpus. Compared with pre-trained models, our model incorporates internal semantic element information to achieve state-of-the-art performance.
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GÜLZOW, Insa, Victoria BARTLITZ, Milena KUEHNAST, Felix GOLCHER, and Dagmar BITTNER. "The adversative connectivesaberandbutin conversational corpora." Journal of Child Language 45, no. 5 (2018): 1212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000917000630.
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AbstractWe analyzed the conversational corpora of two German and two English children to investigate how the different use types of the adversative connectivesaberandbutinfluence the probability of monologically versus dialogically constructed utterances in the first year of use. Our findings show that children produce adversative connectives mainly in dialogic structures for illocutionary and theme-management purposes, but that the use types of adversative connectives lead to a different distribution of monologic and dialogic clause combinations. The results suggest that monologic and dialogic realizations as a function of text type must be considered when describing the developmental trajectory of the different use types of adversative connectives.
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Feyrer, Cornelia. "Adversative Graduierung und Übersetzungsrelevanz." Romanistik in Geschichte und Gegenwart (RomGG) 6, no. 2 (2000): 37–47. https://doi.org/10.46771/9783967697803_3.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Adversative"
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Silva, Tatiana Mazza da [UNESP]. "Gramaticalização de juntivos adversativos na história do português." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86584.
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silva_tm_me_sjrp.pdf: 614455 bytes, checksum: f87af5bb9f5125cb6a22b375b2431c58 (MD5)<br>O objetivo geral desse trabalho é investigar a mudança sintático-semântico-pragmática dos juntivos porém, contudo, todavia, entretanto e no entanto, conjuntamente, sob a perspectiva da gramaticalização, a fim de buscar a comprovação da hipótese de uma trajetória do tipo advérbio > conjunção, por meio de análises contextuais que expliquem o surgimento do uso conjuncional adversativo na história do português. Adotamos, nesse trabalho, a concepção mais clássica de gramaticalização, a qual, segundo Hopper e Traugott (2003), prevê que itens lexicais podem, em determinados contextos, passar a assumir funções gramaticais ou, se já gramaticalizados, continuar a desenvolver novas funções gramaticais. Esse processo envolve pragmatização crescente de significados (mudança semântica) e recategorização do item (mudança sintática). A investigação das mudanças pelas quais passaram os itens por nós analisados baseia-se em um corpus composto de textos históricos e textos do português contemporâneo, compreendendo os períodos arcaico (século XIII a XV), moderno (XVI e XVII) e contemporâneo (XVIII a XXI). Considerando fatores de ordem semântica, sintática e pragmática na recomposição da trajetória de gramaticalização de cada um dos itens, podemos atestar que seus funcionamentos adversativo e conjuncional emergiram em diferentes momentos da história do português, fato que, no português contemporâneo, os colocam em diferentes pontos em uma escala de gramaticalização, a saber: porém > todavia, contudo > entretanto > no entanto<br>The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the syntactic, semantic, pragmatic change of the juntives porém, contudo, todavia, entretanto and no entanto under the perspective of grammaticalization in order to search for the evidence of the hypothesis of a trajectory of the kind adverb > conjunction through contextual analysis which can explain the origin of the adversative use as a conjunction in the history of Portuguese. We adopted, in this paper, the most classical concept of grammaticalization, which, according to Hopper and Traugott (2003), foresees that lexical items can, in some contexts, assume grammatical functions or continue to develop new ones. This process involves growing pragmatization of meanings (semantic change) and recategorization of the item (syntactic change). The investigation of the juntives changes analyzed in this paper is based on a corpus composed of historical texts and texts of contemporary Portuguese, which comprehends the archaic (century XIII to XV), modern (XVI and XVII) and contemporary (XVIII to XXI) periods. Considering the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic factors in the reconstruction of the trajectory of grammaticalization of each one of the juntives, we can attest that the adversative and conjunctional functioning emerged in different moments in the history of Portuguese, a fact that, in contemporary Portuguese, put them in different points on the grammaticalization scale, which is: porém > todavia, contudo > entretanto > no entanto
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Church, Amelia. ""You can't come to my birthday party" : preference organisation in young children's adversative discourse." Monash University, School of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5155.
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Crepaldi, Clara Lacerda. "Partículas Adversativas do grego antigo: ἀλλἀ, ἀτἀρ, μέντοι e καίτοι em Eurípides." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8143/tde-08112018-100547/.
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A tese visa a uma descrição das partículas gregas ἀλλἀ, ἀτἀρ, μέντοι e καίτοι em Eurípides. De viés funcionalista, tal estudo busca entender os usos de cada partícula na macroestrutura do discurso, suas funções e contextos, e sobretudo o modo como essas partículas articulam e organizam a estrutura do discurso. Para tanto, o estudo realiza análises qualitativas de todas as ocorrências das referidas partículas no corpus e as compara a descrições anteriores. Dois parâmetros principais de análise são empregados: a posição que cada partícula ocupa na estrutura do discurso e o tipo de contraste que ela designa. Como principais referências, consideram-se: o trabalho pioneiro de J. D. Denniston (Greek Particles) e a Gramática Discursivo-Funcional de Hengeveld & Mackenzie.<br>This dissertation aims to describe the usage of the Greek particles ἀλλἀ, ἀτἀρ, μέντοι and καίτοι in Euripides. Adopting a functionalist perspective, it explores: the uses of each particle within the discourse macrostructure; their functions and their contexts of occurrence; and the way they help to articulate and organize discourse structure. In keeping with this goal, this study performs qualitative analyses of all occurrences of the aforementioned particles in the selected corpus and compares them with earlier descriptions. Two main parameters of analysis are employed: the position that each particle takes in the discourse structure, and the type of contrast that it designates. The main references for this dissertation are the groundbreaking work of J.D. Denniston (Greek Particles) and the Functional Discourse Grammar developed by Hengeveld & Mackenzie.
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Brito, Isabel Pauline Lima de. "Conectores adversativos em textos jornalísticos sobre futebol: análise funcionalista em perspectiva histórica." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8694.
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-15<br>This work is the analysis of adversative connectors which are present in the newspaper articles about soccer, in Pernambuco. To execute this, is has been used a corpus with data from the early XX century and the early XXI century. In all, sixty articles were analyzed, thirty for each time sample, in a total of a hundred and fifteen adversative items found. The study of function behavior of the items is observed by the application of functionalist theoretical support: markedness principle, iconicity principle and prototypes theory. We follow this theoretical perspective based on the studies of Givón (1990 and 1995), Hopper and Traugott (1993 and 2003), Neves (2000), Castilho and Elias (2012), Furtado da Cunha et al (2013). The analysis uses, in contrast, the consultation with traditional grammarians, as Almeida (1962), Melo (1978), Cunha (1986), Cegalla (1989), Bechara (2009), and others. Among the results, it has been verified that the item ‘mas’ has been presented as the prototypical of adversity, remaining as the most frequent in the two time samples of the research. This shows the prototypical value of the item in this function, although there has been insertion of it in contexts of innovative uses. Furthermore, it is observed that the traditional grammar hasn’t updated the list of adversative conjunctions once they haven’t adopted perspectives of observing the item in use situation. They have disregarded the language change process.<br>Este trabalho consiste na análise de conectores adversativos presentes em notícias jornalísticas sobre futebol no estado de Pernambuco. Para sua realização, constituímos um corpus com dados das primeiras décadas do século XX e das primeiras décadas do século XXI. Ao todo, analisamos sessenta notícias, sendo trinta de cada amostra, tendo sido identificados cento e quinze itens adversativos. O estudo do comportamento funcional dos itens parte da aplicação de suportes teóricos funcionalistas: princípio da marcação, princípio da iconicidade e teoria dos protótipos. Seguimos essa perspectiva teórica baseando-nos em estudos de Givón (1990; 1995), Hopper e Traugott (1993; 2003), Neves (2000), Castilho e Elias (2012), Furtado da Cunha et al. (2013). A análise utiliza como contraponto a consulta a gramáticos tradicionais, como Almeida (1962), Melo (1978), Cunha (1986), Cegalla (1989), Bechara (2009), dentre outros. Dentre os resultados alcançados, constatamos que o mas se apresenta como o item mais recorrente nos dois recortes da pesquisa, o que comprova seu valor de prototípico nessa função, embora registremos sua inserção em contextos de uso inovadores. Além disso, percebemos que a gramática tradicional não atualiza a lista de conjunções adversativas, uma vez que não adota perspectivas de observação dos itens em situação de uso, desconsiderando, assim, os processos de mudança que se concretizam com o passar do tempo.
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Oliveira, Maria Jos? de. "Conectores adversativos na fala do natalense: uma an?lise funcionalista com implica??es para o ensino." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16157.
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Previous issue date: 2009-03-26<br>This work analyzes the behavior of the adversative connectors in the speech of the user of Natal, with views to suggest implications for the grammar teaching in the high school Portuguese languages classes. It is an investigation that sits on the functionalist paradigm, specifically in the protected ideas for Giv?n. For so much, data of situations of speech from the corpus Discurso e gram?tica lingual falada e escrita da cidade do Natal (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 1998). The sample embraces a total of forty interviews, of which the occurrences are cut out whose registrations mark the existence of adversatives constructions in narratives of personal experience and in the opinion reports, modality of oral language, of the mentioned database. The work revisits authors of the grammar, Cunha (1986); Bechara (2006); Perini (2006), among others; authors that contemplate referring approaches to the use of opposition connectors as: Barreto (1999); Tavares (2003); Longhin (2003); Silva (2005); Rocha (2006); Neves (2000, 2006). The results of the panoramic analysis reveal as adversity connectors in use for the habitant of Natal, for recurrence order, the mas, e, a?, agora, s? que, no entanto and j?. Analyzed the results, the same ones are compared with the treatment presented by the traditional grammar, with application of functional iconicity principle, markdness principle and the prototype of the category is chosen. In the differentiated analysis of the item " agora ", structural profile of the constructions is analyzed that involve the item, semantic profile, times, manners and aspects of the verbs that they wrap up in the constructions in reference, trajectory of grammaticalization and comparison with the prototype of the category. Finally, they are suggested implications of whole the study for the teaching of Portuguese language, in the high school classes<br>O trabalho em tela analisa o comportamento dos conectores adversativos na fala do usu?rio natalense, com vistas a sugerir implica??es para o ensino de gram?tica nas escolas de ensino Fundamental e M?dio. ? uma investiga??o que se assenta no paradigma funcionalista, especificamente nas id?ias defendidas por Giv?n. Para tanto, utilizam-se dados de situa??es de fala do corpus Discurso & Gram?tica a l?ngua falada e escrita da cidade do Natal (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 1998). A amostra abrange um total de quarenta entrevistas, das quais se recortam as ocorr?ncias cujos registros assinalam a exist?ncia de constru??es adversativas presentes em narrativas de experi?ncia pessoal e nos relatos de opini?o, modalidade de l?ngua oral, do mencionado banco de dados. O trabalho revisita autores da gram?tica, Cunha (1986); Bechara (2006); Perini (2006), entre outros; autores que contemplam abordagens referentes ao uso de conectores de oposi??o como: Barreto (1999); Tavares (2003); Longhin (2003); Silva (2005); Rocha (2006); Neves (2000; 2006). Os resultados da an?lise panor?mica revelam como conectores de adversidade em uso pelo natalense, por ordem de recorr?ncia, mas, e, a?, agora, s? que, no entanto, e j?. Analisados os resultados, comparam-se os mesmos com o tratamento apresentado pela gram?tica tradicional, analisam-se os quatro conectores mais recorrentes, aplicam-se os princ?pios da iconicidade e da marca??o em constru??es adversativas e elege-se o prot?tipo da categoria. Em se??o destinada ? an?lise diferenciada do item agora, analisa-se o perfil estrutural das constru??es que envolvem o item, o perfil sem?ntico, tempos, modos e aspectos dos verbos que se envolvem nas constru??es em refer?ncia, trajet?ria de gramaticaliza??o e compara??o com o prot?tipo da categoria, o mas.. Por fim, sugerem-se implica??es de todo o estudo para o ensino de l?ngua portuguesa, nas s?ries do ensino fundamental e m?dio
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ROCHA, ANA PAULA ANTUNES. "GRAMMATICALIZATION OF THE ADVERSATIVE CONJUNCTIONS IN PORTUGUESE: THE QUEST FOR THE CONCEPTUAL MOTIVATION OF THE PROCESS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9754@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>Este trabalho trata da motivação conceptual que levou os
itens mas, porém,
contudo, todavia, entretanto e no entanto, considerados
pela maioria das
gramáticas do português como conjunções adversativas, a
passarem por um
processo de gramaticalização. Apesar de ser discutível a
classificação dos
referidos itens como conjunções adversativas - já que,
com
exceção de mas, os
demais não têm um comportamento sintático típico de
conjunções -, considera-se
o fato de que todos, de alguma forma, se tornaram mais
gramaticais desde suas
origens medievais até hoje. O processo de
gramaticalização
é entendido, então,
como aquele em que tanto itens lexicais e construções
formam-se em certos
contextos lingüísticos para exercer funções gramaticais
quanto itens gramaticais
desenvolvem novas funções gramaticais (HOPPER &
TRAUGOTT,
2003). O
enfoque do trabalho está na busca dos elementos
conceptuais que possam ter
motivado o processo. Trabalhos como o de Barreto (1999)
afirmam que a
motivação da gramaticalização dos itens em pauta foi
metonímica, por influência
da presença de elementos de sentido negativo em posição
adjacente à deles, no
português medieval. A proposta deste trabalho é
investigar
por que os itens em
estudo encontravam-se maciçamente, ao que parece, em
ambientes que
apresentavam partículas de sentido negativo. A partir da
leitura de trabalhos como
o de Vogt & Ducrot (1980) e o de Sweetser (1991),
entende-
se que mas
encontrava-se nesses ambientes em função de uma
motivação
metafórica e que as
relações contrajuntivas para cujo estabelecimento o item
contribuía ocorriam
proeminentemente nos domínios epistêmico e
conversacional
da linguagem. A
mesma proposta de análise é estendida aos demais itens,
que, segundo se verifica
em amostras do português medieval, por funcionarem em
prol
da coesão do texto,
eram propícios a serem empregados em contextos
lingüísticos nos quais se
delimitavam dois grupos de informação postos em relação.
Essa relação podia ser
contrajuntiva e, se não se encontrava assinalada
gramaticalmente, era, ainda
assim, depreensível através de uma análise das relações
textuais que se davam no
plano do significado lingüístico, em especial nos níveis
epistêmico ou
conversacional. Portanto, elementos negativos eram
cabíveis nos referidos
contextos e, com eles, também elementos responsáveis
pela
coesão textual
anafórica.<br>In this work I deal with the conceptual motivation of the
grammaticalization
of the items mas, porém, todavia, entretanto e no entanto,
which are classified as
adversative conjunctions by the majority of the Portuguese
Grammars. Though
such classification is very discussable - for all of these
items but mas present nontypically-
conjunctional syntactical behavior - we consider the fact
that all of the
items cited above have become more grammatical in some
manner since their
medieval origins until the present days. Hence, the
grammaticalization process is
understood as that one in which the lexical items and
constructions come in
certain linguistic contexts to serve grammatical functions
or how grammatical
items develop new grammatical functions (HOPPER &
TRAUGOTT, 2003).
This work focuses the quest for the conceptual elements
which could have
motivated this process. Works such as Barreto´s (1999)
state that the motivation
for the grammaticalization of the items being studied in
this text was a metonymic
one, carried out by the influence of semantically negative
elements which
appeared next to them in the Medieval Portuguese. The
objective of my work is to
investigate why these items were massively found, as it
seems, in contexts with
negative-sense particles. From the reading of works such
as Vogt´s & Ducrot´s
(1980) and Sweetser´s (1991), I understand that mas was
found in such contexts
due to a metaphoric motivation and that the adversative
relation for whose
establishment it contributed occurred mainly within the
epistemic domain of
language. This very analysis is extended to the other
items, which, according to
what can be verified through the analysis of samples of
the Medieval Portuguese,
had the tendency of being used in contexts in which two
groups of linguistic
information, put into an adversative relation, were
delimited, contributing for the
text cohesion. This adversative relation, if not
grammatically marked, was, even
though, inferrible through the analysis of the textual
relations which took place in
the linguistic meaning plain, especially at the epistemic
level. Thus, negative
elements were possible in these contexts and with them,
also, the elements
responsible for the textual cohesion.
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Silva-Surer, Tatiana Mazza da. "Gramaticalização de juntivos adversativos na história do português /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86584.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Sebastião Carlos Leite Gonçalves<br>Banca: Mariangêla Rios de Oliveira<br>Banca: Gisele Cássia de Sousa<br>Resumo: O objetivo geral desse trabalho é investigar a mudança sintático-semântico-pragmática dos juntivos porém, contudo, todavia, entretanto e no entanto, conjuntamente, sob a perspectiva da gramaticalização, a fim de buscar a comprovação da hipótese de uma trajetória do tipo advérbio > conjunção, por meio de análises contextuais que expliquem o surgimento do uso conjuncional adversativo na história do português. Adotamos, nesse trabalho, a concepção mais clássica de gramaticalização, a qual, segundo Hopper e Traugott (2003), prevê que itens lexicais podem, em determinados contextos, passar a assumir funções gramaticais ou, se já gramaticalizados, continuar a desenvolver novas funções gramaticais. Esse processo envolve pragmatização crescente de significados (mudança semântica) e recategorização do item (mudança sintática). A investigação das mudanças pelas quais passaram os itens por nós analisados baseia-se em um corpus composto de textos históricos e textos do português contemporâneo, compreendendo os períodos arcaico (século XIII a XV), moderno (XVI e XVII) e contemporâneo (XVIII a XXI). Considerando fatores de ordem semântica, sintática e pragmática na recomposição da trajetória de gramaticalização de cada um dos itens, podemos atestar que seus funcionamentos adversativo e conjuncional emergiram em diferentes momentos da história do português, fato que, no português contemporâneo, os colocam em diferentes pontos em uma escala de gramaticalização, a saber: porém > todavia, contudo > entretanto > no entanto<br>Abstract: The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the syntactic, semantic, pragmatic change of the juntives porém, contudo, todavia, entretanto and no entanto under the perspective of grammaticalization in order to search for the evidence of the hypothesis of a trajectory of the kind adverb > conjunction through contextual analysis which can explain the origin of the adversative use as a conjunction in the history of Portuguese. We adopted, in this paper, the most classical concept of grammaticalization, which, according to Hopper and Traugott (2003), foresees that lexical items can, in some contexts, assume grammatical functions or continue to develop new ones. This process involves growing pragmatization of meanings (semantic change) and recategorization of the item (syntactic change). The investigation of the juntives changes analyzed in this paper is based on a corpus composed of historical texts and texts of contemporary Portuguese, which comprehends the archaic (century XIII to XV), modern (XVI and XVII) and contemporary (XVIII to XXI) periods. Considering the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic factors in the reconstruction of the trajectory of grammaticalization of each one of the juntives, we can attest that the adversative and conjunctional functioning emerged in different moments in the history of Portuguese, a fact that, in contemporary Portuguese, put them in different points on the grammaticalization scale, which is: porém > todavia, contudo > entretanto > no entanto<br>Mestre
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Celli, Marion. "Um estudo de marcas adversativas do português à luz de uma abordagem lexicográfica bilíngue diferencial (português-francês e português-inglês): o caso de mas, porém, contudo, todavia e entretanto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8146/tde-21112012-125120/.
Full textAbstract:
Tendo em vista a problemática dos dicionários bilíngues de não apresentarem definição e contextualização de marcas gramaticais, decidimos realizar uma pesquisa que procurasse preencher as lacunas existentes na microestrutura dos dicionários bilíngues português-francês (PB-FR) e português-inglês (PB-ING), buscando apresentar um instrumento de apoio linguístico tanto a estudantes e pesquisadores quanto a professores e tradutores que trabalham com os ambos pares de línguas. Desse modo, a partir da observação e da análise de corpora paralelos, estudamos as conjunções mas, porém, contudo, todavia e entretanto do português brasileiro e suas traduções para o francês e o inglês com o intuito de elaborar verbetes bilíngues diferenciais (PB-FR e PB-ING) definidos e contextualizados conforme a proposta de Zavaglia (2004a, 2004b, 2004c, 2006, 2008). O trabalho teve como material principal um corpus paralelo constituído de cinco obras da literatura brasileira e suas respectivas traduções para o francês e o inglês. Outro material essencial para a realização da pesquisa foi o programa computacional WordSmith Tools, disponibilizado pela Área de Estudos Linguísticos, Literários e Tradutológicos em Francês (FFLCH/USP). A partir da união das fundamentações da Linguística de Corpus, da Linguística Enunciativa de Antoine Culioli, da Lexicografia e dos estudos tradutológicos, o resultado final deste trabalho consistiu na elaboração de 10 verbetes bilíngues diferenciais 5 português-francês e 5 português-inglês de cada unidade estudada, de modo que os verbetes relacionados ao francês passarão a integrar o Dicionário Relacional bilíngue (português-francês) DIRE (ZAVAGLIA, 2008), cujas bases nortearam o desenvolvimento deste trabalho.<br>Given the lack of definition and contextualization of grammatical items in bilingual dictionaries, we decided to carry out a research that tried to fill these gaps in the microstructure of Portuguese-French (BP-FR) and Portuguese-English (BP-ENG) bilingual dictionaries. The study aimed at providing a support tool for students, language researchers, teachers or translators who work with both pair of languages. Thus, from observation and analysis of parallel corpora, we studied the conjunctions mas, porém, contudo, entretanto and todavia of Brazilian Portuguese and their translations into French and English in order to elaborate differential bilingual entries, defined and contextualized according to the proposal by Zavaglia (2004a, 2004b, 2004c, 2006, 2008). The study was based on a parallel corpus composed of five Brazilian literary books and their translations into French and English. Another important material for the research was the computer program WordSmith Tools, provided by the Area of Linguistic, Literary and Translation Studies in French (FFLCH / USP). Based on the foundations of Corpus Linguistics, Antoine Culiolis Enunciative Linguistics, Lexicography and Translation Studies, this work consisted then in the elaboration of 10 differential bilingual entries 5 are Portuguese-French and 5 are Portuguese-English for each studied unit. The entries related to the French language will become part of the bilingual Dicionário Relacional (Portuguese-French) DIRE (ZAVAGLIA, 2008), which guided every step of this work.
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Holmes, Prudence Margaret. "Additive, adversative and causal discourse markers: their use, abuse and remediation in the writing oftrainee teachers of English." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38626561.
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Bark, Josefin. "Adversativa och deskriptiva betydelserelationer i svenskt teckenspråk." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157150.
Full textAbstract:
Denna studie undersöker hur adversativa och deskriptiva betydelserelation markeras i satser och hur manuella och icke manuella signaler används för att markera dess betydelserelationer i det svenska teckenspråket. Olika områden i denna studie belyses för att de har betydelse för markering av adversativa och deskriptiva betydelserelationer och kan påverka för hur vi markerar tecken och icke-manuella signaler i teckenspråkssatser: teckenrummet, icke manuella signaler och ordföljd som kan variera. Det visar att det är både tecken och icke-manuella signaler som markerar de två betydelserelationerna beroende på kontexten i teckenspråkstexter. När man använder markörer för betydelserelationer så används tecknen i sina grundformer. Det kan också finnas några teckenvarianter på ett tecken. Tydliga markörer med icke-manuella signaler för betydelserelationer är blickriktning, upphöjda eller nerdragna ögonbryn och ögon som är uppspärrade eller kisande. Placering av tecken i teckenrummet kan betraktas som en markör.<br>This study examines how adversative and descriptive semantic relations is marked in sentences and how signs and non-manual signals are used to mark these important relations in Swedish Sign Language. Different areas of this study are highlighted because they are significant and may influence how we select sign and non-manual signals in sentences of sign language: sign space, non-manual signals and word sequence that can vary. It is shown that both sign and non-manual signals that mark the two semantic relationships depend on the context of the sign language text. When one uses markers for semantic relations, the signs are being used in its basics forms. There can also be phonological variants of one sign. Clear markers with the non-manual signals for meaning relationships are eye gaze, raised or furrowed eyebrows, and eyes that are widened or squinting. Placement of signs in the space can be regarded as a marker.
Books on the topic "Adversative"
1
Bärbel, Kunzmann-Müller, Bahner Werner, Gehrmann Maria, and Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR. Zentralinstitut für Sprachwissenschaft., eds. Konfrontative Untersuchungen zu Funktionswörtern: (adversative Konnektive). Das Zentralinstitut, 1988.
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2
Zhang, Yan. Adversative and Concessive Conjunctions in EFL Writing. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7837-3.
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3
Morsby, Henriette. Adversative og koncessive relationer: En analyse af seks franske konjunktioner. Romansk institut, Københavns universitet, 1985.
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4
Rudolph, Elisabeth. Contrast: Adversative and concessive relations and their expressions in English, German, Spanish, Portuguese on sentence and text level. Walter de Gruyter, 1996.
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5
Song, Hui. Xian dai Han yu zhuan zhe lei hua yu biao ji yan jiu: Modern Chinese adversative discourse markers research. She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she, 2018.
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6
Josep, Cuenca Ma. Les oracions adversatives. Institut Universitari de Filologia Valenciana, 1991.
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7
Christ, Rüdiger. Zur Satzfügung im Deutschen: Vornehmlich am Beispiel adversativer Satzgefüge. Verlag StauFFenburg, 2014.
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8
Fuyi, Xing. Modern Chinese Complex Sentences III: Adversative Type. Taylor & Francis Group, 2023.
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9
Fuyi, Xing. Modern Chinese Complex Sentences III: Adversative Type. Taylor & Francis Group, 2023.
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10
Fuyi, Xing. Modern Chinese Complex Sentences III: Adversative Type. Taylor & Francis Group, 2023.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Adversative"
1
Rojavin, Marina, and Taras Overchuk. "Sentences with adversative conjunctions." In Russian Syntax for Advanced Students. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003174738-11.
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2
Xing, Fuyi. "Outline of adversative sentence forms." In Modern Chinese Complex Sentences III. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003374237-12.
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3
Müller de Quadros, Ronice, Jair Barbosa da Silva, and Rodrigo Nogueira Machado. "Chapter 5. A corpus-based analysis of coordinate structures in Libras." In Advances in Sign Language Corpus Linguistics. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.108.05qua.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter describes coordination processes in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) based on data from the Libras Corpus . Similar to other sign languages (e.g., Tang & Lau 2012; Zorzi 2018), coordinate structures in Libras are organized by juxtaposing one to the other, either marked only by nonmanual markers, or through connectors such as but, or, is (with a value of “that is”), also, or a combination of manual and nonmanual markers. After annotating the data for each sign for both hands, we annotated the syntactic units and then identified the coordinated sentences using ELAN. We find that use of nonmanual markers is especially prevalent, in both conjunctive and disjunctive structures, establishing prosodic boundaries and clauses limits. In adversative coordinate clauses, manual connectors such as mas (“but”) are used, and we attest to a small number of occurrences of nonmanual markers with adversatives.
4
Fielder, Grace E. "2. Ama, a Bulgarian adversative connective." In South Slavic Discourse Particles. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.197.04fie.
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Makartsev, Maxim. "Глагольный вид в македонском диалекте Бобоштицы-Дреновы и албанско-славянские контакты." In Biblioteca di Studi Slavistici. Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0184-1.08.
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Verbal aspect in the Macedonian dialect of Boboshtica-Drenova and Albanian-Slavic language contact - Long-term subdominant bilingualism with Albanian has had a significant impact on verbal aspect marking in the Macedonian dialect of Boboshtica-Drenova (South-East Albania). The Slavic formal opposition of perfective and imperfective aspect marked through a variety of derivational methods has been preserved. However, under Albanian influence two continuous aspect constructions have been grammaticalised in the dialect, one of them based on the locative ǵe, and the other on the adversative conjunction toko. The paths of grammaticalization of these markers are investigated, which include structural transfer (ǵe < locative and temporal tek, toko < adversative and continuous po), which is partially supported by the phonetic similarity between the respective Albanian and Macedonian dialectal markers (toko || duke, tek).
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Xing, Fuyi. "Progressive gèng-sentences and adversative gèng-sentences." In Modern Chinese Complex Sentences III. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003374237-9.
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Fielder, Grace E. "Bulgarian adversative connectives: Conjunctions or discourse markers?" In Typological Studies in Language. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.80.05fie.
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Zhang, Yan. "Text-Based Analysis of Adversative and Concessive Conjunctions." In Adversative and Concessive Conjunctions in EFL Writing. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7837-3_8.
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Zhang, Yan. "Introduction." In Adversative and Concessive Conjunctions in EFL Writing. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7837-3_1.
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Zhang, Yan. "Conjunctions and Logico-Semantic Relations: A Review of Theoretical and Empirical Research." In Adversative and Concessive Conjunctions in EFL Writing. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7837-3_2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Adversative"
1
CHIPERI, Grigore. "The adversative report in romanian." In Ştiință și educație: noi abordări și perspective. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/c.v3.24-25-03-2023.p41-46.
Full textAbstract:
Syntactic coordination reports, in this case the adversative one, do not lack comments. The problem is that grammars, which treat the subject completely and as succinctly as possible, are characterized by some features, which do not facilitate precise syntactic analysis. The main inadvertences refer to the following: some aspects are omitted for various reasons, others are treated on different topics, which makes it difficult to assimilate the material, there are cases when some problems related to the adversarial report are not explained sufficiently and, last but not least, the variety of interpretations. The current article debates all these particularities of presenting the adversarial coordination report. The novelty consists in the fact that the multiple aspects of the adversarial report and the means of rendering it are gathered in a single presentation. In addition, the article is illustrated with numerous examples, excerpted from current literary works.
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Tiskin, Daniel. "Russian Adversative Conjunctions under Asymmetric Relativisation." In 45th International Philological Conference (IPC 2016). Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ipc-16.2017.130.
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Lu, Xiaoman, Ran Lu, Wenhao Zhao, Erbin Ma, and Hegui Zhu. "Image Inpainting Generation Adversative Network Based on Attention Mechanism." In 2022 IEEE 5th International Conference on Automation, Electronics and Electrical Engineering (AUTEEE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/auteee56487.2022.9994397.
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Wang, Benzhi, Jingben Xu, Junke Zhang, Guancheng Li, and Xin Wang. "Motion Deblur of QR Code Based on Generative Adversative Network." In ACAI 2019: 2019 2nd International Conference on Algorithms, Computing and Artificial Intelligence. ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3377713.3377741.
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Milovanova, Maria S. "The concept of creating the «Dictionary of the adversative words of the Russian language»." In Lexicography of the digital age. TSU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-907442-19-1-2021-23.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the concept of creating an educational dictionary of adversative words – a large group of words united by the meaning of negation-"repulsion" which is traditionally relevant in Russian communicative practice. The dictionary continues the tradition of systematization and lexical parameterization of the vocabulary fund of the Russian language.
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Gao, Yiwei, Jianwei Niu, Xuefeng Liu, Kaili Mao, and Shui Yu. "MemNetAR: Memory Network with Adversative Relation for Target-Level Sentiment Classification." In GLOBECOM 2019 - 2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9013269.
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Salih, Rashwan. "12th International Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics." In 12th International Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics. Salahaddin University-Erbil, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31972/vesal12.03.
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This paper investigates the effect of using discourse markers on the writing skills of Kurdish university students. By revising the related literature, it appeared that so far there is no consensus on the actual effect of the explicit presence of discourse markers on foreign language writing. Many studies concluded that different discourse markers have different effects on the writing of foreign language learners (Morell, 2004; Ying, 2007; Castro and Marcela 2009; Dariush and Mohamad 2015, etc.). The current research tries to find out if there are any cross-linguistic factors that could cause issues for students in EFL modules. Data for the current study were collected from essays written by Kurdish students at the English Department in Salahaddin University, Erbil. In total, 20 essays were received with total of 19872 words and total 261 DMs were found in the data. A mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to analyse the data. The raw frequencies of the DMs were: Additive (101 = 0.5 %), Adversative (45 = 0.22 %), Causal / Conditional (83 = 0.4 %), and Temporal (32 = 0.16 %). The findings suggested that level of attention to and appropriate use of discourse markers were significantly unbalanced, and various misuses were found. Sample errors in using the DMs were selected for a qualitative analysis. It is recommended that discourse markers are taught individually not in groups with more focus on the more difficult discourse marker types.