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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Adverse childhood experience'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Doyle, Rebecca Louise. "Childhood abuse and adverse experience in adolescents who harm others." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14429/.

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This thesis explores the effects of adverse childhood experience, including childhood abuse and neglect, on adolescents. More specifically, it explores these effects in relation to offending behaviour. A literature review considered research investigating differences between sexual and non-sexual offenders. More consistent differences were identified for adolescents who sexually offend against children, as opposed to those who offend against peers / adults, when compared to other groups of offenders. Studies in this area are, however, subject to methodological limitations. Following this, an empirical research project investigates the prevalence and characteristics of adverse childhood experience in a sample of mixed sex adolescents detained in a medium secure specialist psychiatric hospital, alongside psychopathological traits. Male sexual offenders differed from violent offenders on a number of variables, including experiences of sexual abuse and a diagnosis of a Learning Disability (LD). Then, a single case study is highlighted which investigates and demonstrates the influence of adverse childhood experience and cognitive impairment on vulnerabilities and offending behaviour in an adolescent male detained in the aforementioned secure psychiatric hospital. The effectiveness of the intervention, designed to address this individual’s difficulties with emotional recognition and regulation, is demonstrated by changes in psychometric assessments scores and via clinical observation of behaviour. Finally, a critique is presented of the Coping Responses Inventory – Youth Form (CRI-Y) (Moos, 1993). This is a psychometric measure designed to measure styles of coping in adolescents. It is critically evaluated to demonstrate its psychometric properties, and its validity for clinical settings. This thesis emphasises the importance of considering developmental experience in the onset of offending behaviour, and the importance of engineering more comprehensive, systemic, and targeted early intervention programmes for individuals deemed at risk of committing particular offences or becoming delinquent in adolescence.
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2

Hart, Jacqui Ann. "Adverse childhood experience, psychological distress and offending : the role of emotional intelligence and related concepts." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/344617.

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Despite evidence to suggest that pathways from adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to psychological distress and offending are gender-specific, theory-driven research examining intervening factors in such pathways is rare. Utilising a mixed-method design, the research presented in this thesis aimed to a) provide further insight into gender-specific trajectories from ACEs to negative outcomes and b) to identify a theoretically viable framework within which to conduct such research. It was anticipated that comparing and contrasting the quantitative (Study 1 and Study 2) with the qualitative (Study 3) findings would help to inform interventions to reduce female offending. The literature review identified an attachment framework as appropriate for the research and highlighted a range of factors that warranted investigation. The findings from an internet survey (Study 1) in a mixed-gender community sample provided some support for the notion of genderspecific pathways to offending. Moreover, several variables were identified (e.g. emotional intelligence, empathy and anger) that warranted further examination in a second survey (Study 2) with a sample of women with a history of ACEs (ex- and non-offenders). The findings from the two studies suggested that emotion coping and management (EI) skills may foster resilience to negative experiences and also provided support for the use of an attachment framework in research that examines the negative sequelae of ACEs. The qualitative study (Study 3) utilised interpretative phenomenological analysis in order to gain a deeper insight into women’s trajectories from ACEs to psychological distress and offending. The findings strongly suggested that interventions may need to target deficits in emotion regulation in order to ameliorate the potential negative outcomes of chronic childhood adversity. The importance of context was also highlighted. Additionally, EI and an emotional approach to coping were identified as factors that were beneficial in terms of the women’s psychological well-being. The findings from the research highlighted emotion coping and management skills as useful targets for intervention in women ex-offender populations with a history of ACEs and associated psychological distress. Based on the findings reported in this thesis, recommendations were made with regard to future research in the field of ACEs, psychological distress and offending.
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Bovu, Kwandiwe. "The adverse childhood experiences of adults regarding the transition from foster care to child and youth care centres." University of Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8006.

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Magister Artium (Child and Family Studies) - MA(CFS)
In South Africa family foster care is the first option of alternative care for children removed from their biological parents, adoptive parents or guardians, due to neglect, abuse or abandonment. Similar to international trends, South Africa prioritises family foster care. However, when the foster care placement disintegrates, children are generally placed in child and youth care centres (CYCCs) in accordance with the South African Children’s Act 38 of 2005. This qualitative study aims to explain the adverse childhood experiences of adults regarding their transition from foster care to CYCCs, using family systems theory (FST) to contextualise these accounts. The population for this study was adults living in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB), who were formerly moved to CYCCs after the break down of their family foster care placements.
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4

Sharpe, Chelsea. "Experiences of Parenting for African American Female Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5038.

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Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been linked to a number of adverse effects in adulthood including higher levels of depression, shame, guilt, self-blame, somatic concerns, anxiety, dissociation, repression, denial, relationship problems, and sexual problems. Little is known, however, about the influence CSA has on parenting, specifically among African American mothers, as previous researchers have primarily focused on the trauma experienced by survivors. Examining the impact of CSA on African American mothers' parenting is important as those children of survivors will often also experience the impact of the long-term sequelae associated with CSA. Guided by womanist theory, the purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative inquiry was to explore the lived experiences in relation to parenting of African American mothers who survived CSA. Experiential anecdotes of data collected from interviews with 7 participants were hand coded for emergent themes; analysis generated 4 essential themes and 10 subthemes of experience. Themes included impact of abuse, bonding, efforts to protect, spirituality, and desires. This study's implications for positive social change include contributing to the knowledge base about the process of parenting experienced by African American female survivors of CSA. Findings may add insight shedding light on cultural nuances in parenting and coping with trauma and inform culturally-competent practice. Using study findings, mental health providers may be able to develop tailored treatment interventions and better support services for the prevention of adverse long-term effects of CSA in African American women.
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5

Rion, Jacqueline Nicole. "Child Sexual and Physical Abuse as Precursors for Homelessness in Adolescence." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/110.

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Introduction: Homelessness is a living condition associated with a number of adverse health outcomes. Unaccompanied homeless youth are at risk for many of the same health outcomes as other homeless persons, but these youth are especially vulnerable because they are young and without the protection or support of an adult caregiver. Aim: The purpose of this capstone project is to present a basic overview of the topic as well as to highlight what more needs to be done to address this issue. Methods: This project involved a review of the literature related to homeless youth, child sexual or physical abuse, and mental health issues associated abused and/or homeless youth, focusing on United States information, for the years 1995 to present. Discussion: to discuss current prevention and intervention efforts, and to discuss needs for future research and intervention
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6

Celsi, Laura. "Cyber dating abuse: nuova espressione di IPV o nuova forma di violenza?" Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/128675.

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Il crescente ruolo esercitato dalle nuove tecnologie nelle relazioni intime dei giovani adulti ha determinato la nascita di una nuova forma di violenza, il cyber dating abuse (CDA). Ancora poco studiato, soprattutto in Italia, tale fenomeno risulta degno di interesse per la significativa diffusione e per gli effetti negativi evidenziati da chi ne è coinvolto. Scarsa chiarezza emerge ancora in merito alle dimensioni del costrutto, alla relazione con la violenza tradizionale (IPV) e ai predittori. Inoltre, gli strumenti sul CDA presentano limiti riconducibili sia alla differenza di atti e scale scelti per rilevarlo sia alla scarsa validazione. Infine, pur essendo un fenomeno diadico, nessuno degli studi finora condotti lo esamina analizzando le risposte di entrambi partner, considerati nel duplice ruolo di possibili perpetratori e vittime. Pertanto, il pretest ha avuto l’obiettivo di elaborare un nuovo questionario sul CDA, costruito ad integrazione di quello di Reed et al. (2017) e validato nei due successivi studi. I risultati della validità fattoriale hanno rivelato una struttura a due fattori: monitoring-aggressione - che include atti volti a controllare e ferire, danneggiare e minacciare il partner – e sexual cyber abuse– che include comportamenti violenti a carattere sessuale. Validità convergente e discriminante hanno confermato la validità di costrutto dello strumento. Il primo studio, condotto su 263 soggetti di età compresa tra 18 e 30 anni e impegnati da almeno tre mesi in una relazione sentimentale, ha avuto lo scopo di confrontare CDA e IPV rispetto al ruolo di mediazione esercitato dagli schemi maladattivi precoci nella relazione tra Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) e vittimizzazione/perpetrazione di violenza all’interno della coppia e di verificare il ruolo di moderazione esercitato dall’ assunzione di alcol nella relazione tra ACEs, schemi maladattivi precoci e perpetrazione di CDA. IPV e CDA sono risultati parzialmente diversi perché gli schemi che mediano la relazione tra ACEs e CDA sono marginalmente assimilabili a quelli che svolgono analoga funzione nei confronti della violenza offline. L’alcol ha aumentato il nesso solo tra alcuni schemi (abbandono, deprivazione emotiva, ricerca di approvazione, inibizione emotiva) e perpetrazione di CDA, quando le ACEs considerate erano abuso emotivo, neglect emotivo, violenza assistita materna, genitore depresso e genitore che ha tentato il suicidio. Il secondo studio, realizzato su 135 coppie di soggetti con caratteristiche analoghe a quelle dei partecipanti al primo studio, ha avuto l’obiettivo di: 1) verificare separatamente su maschi e femmine il ruolo di mediazione esercitato dagli schemi maladattivi precoci nella relazione tra ACEs e vittimizzazione/perpetrazione di CDA al fine di individuare eventuali differenze di genere; 2) esaminare se gli schemi personali mediano la relazione tra ACEs e CDA anche tenendo sotto controllo l’influenza degli schemi maladattivi precoci del partner; 3) verificare se, oltre a quelli personali, anche gli schemi del partner influiscono sul CDA; 4) testare se le coppie più violente sono quelle in cui almeno uno o entrambi i partner hanno esperito più forme di ACEs. Il modo in cui le ACEs influiscono indirettamente sul CDA attraverso la mediazione degli schemi differisce spesso tra maschi e femmine. La maggior parte delle mediazioni sono rimaste significative anche tenendo sotto controllo gli schemi del partner e solo in alcune condizioni gli schemi del partner sono risultati avere un’influenza sul CDA agito e subito da un membro della coppia. Sono infine risultate più violente le coppie in cui entrambi i partner hanno vissuto più forme di ACEs.
The increasing role that new technologies play in the intimate relationships of young adults has led to the emergence of a new form of violence, cyber dating abuse. To date little studied, above all in Italy, this phenomenon is of interest due to its significant pervasiveness and its negative effects highlighted by the individuals involved. There is still a lack of clarity regarding the factors of the construct, their relationship with intimate partner violence (IPV) and predictors. Moreover, the tools regarding CDA have limitations that are attributable both to differences in behaviors and scales chosen to detect it, and to poor validation. Finally, despite being a dyadic phenomenon, none of the studies conducted to date examines CDA, analyzed the responses of both partners, considering them as playing the dual role of possible perpetrators as well as victims. Therefore, the pretest had the goal of developing a new questionnaire about CDA, designed to complement that of Reed et al. (2017) and validated in the two following studies. The results of factorial validity revealed a two-factor structure: monitoring-aggression - which includes acts aimed at controlling and injuring, damaging and threatening the partner - and sexual cyber abuse - which includes violent sexual behavior. Convergent validity and discriminant validity confirmed the construct validity of the instrument. The first study, conducted on 263 subjects between 18 to 30 years of age and involved in a romantic relationship for at least three months, endeavored to compare CDA and IPV with respect to the role of mediation played by early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and victimization /perpetration of violence within the couple and to verify the moderating role played by alcohol consumption in the relationship between ACEs, early maladaptive schemas and perpetration of CDA. IPV and CDA were partially different because the patterns that mediate the relationship between ACEs and CDA are marginally similar to those that perform a similar function concerning offline violence. Alcohol increased the correlation only between some patterns: abandonment, emotional deprivation, approval-seeking, emotional inhibition and perpetration of CDA, when the ACEs considered were emotional abuse, emotional neglect, maternal assisted violence, depressed parent and parent who attempted suicide. The second study, carried out on 135 pairs of subjects with characteristics analogous to those of the participants in the first study, aimed to: 1) verify separately on males and females the role of mediation played by early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between ACEs and victimization / perpetration of CDA in order to identify any gender differences; 2) examine whether personal schemas mediate the relationship between ACEs and CDA while also controlling the influence of early maladaptive partner schemas; 3) check if, in addition to personal schemas, the partner's schemas influence CDA; 4) test if the most violent couples are those in which at least one or both partners have experienced many forms of ACEs. The way ACEs indirectly affect CDA through pattern mediation often differs between males and females. Most of the mediations remained significant even while keeping the partner's schemas under control and only in some conditions the partner's schemas were found to have an influence on the CDA perpetrated and suffered by a member of the couple. Finally, couples were found to be more violent when both partners have experienced more forms of ACEs.
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7

Simpson-Adkins, Graham. "Parents, adverse childhood experiences and psychological distress." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/82613/.

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International prevalence rates of both Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Mental Health Difficulties (MHD) are consistently high. Research has also repeatedly identified strong positive correlations between these two widespread public health issues, both of which demonstrate intergenerational continuity and broad negative health and social outcomes. Due to these intergenerational risks, this thesis attempts to contribute to the knowledge base regarding aspects of both ACEs and MHD, from a familial perspective. Chapter one synthesises qualitative literature regarding the way in which children of parents who experience MHD make sense of their parent’s MHD. The review analysed findings across 14 studies, which produced three overarching themes. Children’s understanding of their parent’s MHD seemingly operated within a biopsychosocial model. This conceptualisation had numerous effects on their life and impacted on their perception of mental health more generally. Clinical implications for services working with children, parents and families, alongside limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed. Chapter two presents a research paper that aimed to understand how parents experienced routine enquiry about their own ACEs. Thematic analysis produced three themes across eleven semi-structured interviews, from seven participants. The findings proposed a five-stage chronological model of ACE enquiry, which seemed to incorporate a process of post-disclosure behaviour change. However, results also raise important clinical issues associated with power dynamics. Theoretical contributions and clinical recommendations are presented in relation to trauma enquiry and disclosure literature. Finally, chapter three offers a summary of the research findings and reflections, presented as chapters that articulate key decision and learning points.
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8

Brinkerhoff, Kristina L. "Adverse Childhood Experiences| The Neutralizing Impact of Resilience." Thesis, Northwest Nazarene University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10622444.

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Research surrounding the prevalence and impact of adversity during childhood has surfaced as a possible key to addressing the impact of chronic stress on children during their early years and well into adulthood. The research has suggested that when resilience is present, due to protective factors being in place, there may be neutralization of the negative impact and outcomes due to the physiological effects of chronic stressors. Identifying which protective factors have the greatest neutralizing impact may provide educators, physicians, and parents better aid in the prevention and healing of children who have been exposed to chronic adversity. This research provides insight into the negative impact of adversity and the neutralizing impact of resilience on physical, psychological, and emotional well-being

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9

Fudge, Hazel. "Links between adverse childhood parenting experiences, childhood behaviour and adult social dysfunction." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/links-between-adverse-childhood-parenting-experiences-childhood-behaviour-and-adult-social-dysfunction(73d6a786-2c2d-4b17-80d1-5013fee8b4ad).html.

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10

Mallett, Christian A. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Racial Identity, and Cardiac Autonomic Dysregulation." Thesis, Howard University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10933038.

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Background: Previous studies have related adverse childhood experiences (ACE) to heart disease. However, more research needs to explore neural mechanisms and psychological factors that contribute to the pathway of adverse childhood experiences leading to heart disease. Purpose: The present study examines racial identity as a moderator of adverse childhood experiences and cardiac autonomic dysregulation as indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Method: Forty-six undergraduate students of African descent attending a Historically Black University in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States participated in this study. During the first phase, participants completed consent forms and questionnaires including the ACE Scale and the Cross Racial Identity Scale. Participants returned to the laboratory on a second occasion during which researchers employed an impedance cardiograph to record resting levels of interbeat intervals (IBI) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). Results: Ordinary least squares regression analyses were conducted to test the moderating role of racial identity attitudes on the relationship between ACE prevalence and RSA. The overall regression model which included ACE prevalence, Multiculturalist attitudes, gender, and all interaction terms significantly predicted resting IBI. The overall model that included ACE prevalence, Afrocentric attitudes, gender, and all interaction terms also significantly predicted resting IBI. Participants with ACE and Afrocentric attitudes were more likely to have decreased resting RSA. Furthermore, in addition to ACE prevalence and Afrocentric attitudes, considering gender added 10% more explanatory variance in predicting resting RSA. Male participants with ACE and low Afrocentricity ratings were more likely to have decreased resting RSA. Additionally, considering gender with ACE prevalence and Miseducation attitudes added 10% more explanatory variance in predicting resting RSA. Discussion: Results and limitations are further discussed in the context of existing literature.

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Pykare, Justin D. "Screening for Adverse Childhood Experiences in Medication-Assisted Treatment." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1617798934883737.

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12

Gilley, Rebecca H., Rachel K. Carpenter, Jill D. Stinson, and Lydia L. Eisenbrandt. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Aggression in High-Risk Youth." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7927.

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13

Creviston, Megan. "Adverse Childhood Experiences among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1610112137970568.

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14

Otero, Carolina. "Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Timely Bachelor's Degree Attainment." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6993.

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It is well established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to health and emotional outcomes. But less is known about the relationship between ACEs and educational attainment—a potentially important feature of educational stratification in America. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative youth study of 7-12th grade students in the 1994-95 school year, I investigate whether ACEs is linked to post-secondary attainment and examine the role of health and socio-emotional factors as mediators. Results confirm that there is a graded relationship between ACEs and timely bachelor's degree attainment. I find that an additional ACE decreases the odds of timely bachelor's degree attainment by about 17%, even after accounting for other related factors.
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Jeter, Bridget. "Resilience Among Survivors of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3629.

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The empirical investigation of adverse childhood events (ACEs) and their relationship with health and well-being outcomes in later life is increasing. Less is known about factors that may promote resilience for those who have survived such challenges, such as how resilience may be facilitated for those with ACEs residing in a marginalized region such as South Central Appalachia. Multidimensional spirituality, social support, stigma related to ACEs, and Appalachian acculturation may serve as both valid cultural factors and potential indicators of resilience. Cross-sectional, simultaneous multiple regression analysis was performed on data collected from 272 adult patients of a South Central Appalachian based medically assisted treatment (MAT) program utilizing PROCESS macro (Hayes, 2018). Participants were 53.8% male, 94.4% Caucasian, 44.9% aged 35-50 years old, and 63.6% employed. Endorsement of increased spirituality was helpful for those in MAT in South Central Appalachia who self-reported ACEs. However, as one endorsed an increasing number of ACEs, spirituality was no longer salient but instead was associated with worsened health outcomes and lessened hope. The three dimensions of spirituality (Ritualistic, Theistic, and Existential) moderated these relationships in similar but nuanced ways. Social support, on the other hand, improved mental health regardless of ACE score. Stigma and Appalachian acculturation were only related to other variables at the bivariate level but not within the hypothesized moderation model. Our study offers preliminary insight into culturally relevant resilience within South Central Appalachia, however additional investigation is needed to better understand the complex facets of health and well-being outcomes in this marginalized region.
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Hall, Ashleigh J. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Resilience: Health Outcomes in Adolescents." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/595952.

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Urban Bioethics
M.A.
Adverse childhood experiences, known as ACEs, have been shown to negatively impact an individual’s health as an adult. While efforts to decrease children’s exposure to these traumatic experiences are beneficial, they are not able to fully eliminate these experiences and do not address how to help children who have already been exposed. Resilience, which has been defined as managing and adapting to significant sources of trauma, has been thought to be a protective factor against the toxic stress of ACEs. While the relationship between ACEs and poor health outcomes has been established, the relationship between resilience and health outcomes is largely unknown.  This study seeks to determine the association between resilience scores on a validated resilience questionnaire and health outcomes in adolescents. Looking specifically at body mass index, blood pressure, and depression scores on a validated depression screen we hypothesize that higher resilience scores will be associated with better health outcomes. In addition, we examine the relationship between ACE scores and resilience scores. If this validated resilience instrument is able to help predict health outcomes, this can direct development of intervention programs to build resilience in those living in ACE-heavy environments.
Temple University--Theses
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17

Mentzel, Tammy K. "Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on Control of Diabetes." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1447690892.

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18

Michaels, Patricia C. "The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Adult Monetary Behaviors." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1531941674153599.

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19

Dye, Jacqueline R. "Adult Intellectual Developmental Disorder: Adverse Childhood Experiences and Problem Behaviors." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1597925889922411.

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20

Aschner, Martin K. "Adverse childhood experiences and transformational leadership at the Bowery Mission." Thesis, Nyack College, Alliance Theological Seminary, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10259066.

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The purpose of writing Adverse Childhood Experiences and Transformational Leadership at The Bowery Mission was to develop an understanding of the relationship of between childhood trauma and leadership styles at that institution.

Chapter 1 begins by describing the Bowery Mission and its environs. It develops the association between the transformational leadership and the community then asks the question ‘what exactly is the tangible relationship?’ Then there is the introduction of the MLQ and CTQ.

Chapter 2 provides literature and foundation for researching childhood maltreatment and leadership. It develops how childhood maltreatment causes numerous physical, psychological and spiritual effects later in life. Subsequently there is documentation on the literature relating adverse childhood experiences to transformational leadership as well as a section on transformational leadership at non-profits like The Bowery Mission.

Chapter 3 sets forth the qualitative and quantitative research methodology utilized in approaching the question of statistical relationships between childhood adverse experiences and transformational leadership amongst the leaders at the Bowery Mission. It discusses how and where the interviews were performed and demographics that help round out each individual’s background.

Chapter 4 presents an analysis of data. Leaders are first analyzed individually and then as a group. Statistical data is presented depicting correlations between maltreatment and leadership style. There were no statistical correlations found between transformational behaviors and childhood maltreatments. A number of participants indicated that their poor experiences made them particularly suited to lead similarly hurting individuals.

Chapter 5 assesses the data. It concludes that transformation takes place despite the lack of statistical correlation. Further research might include a retest in six months with a larger participant group.

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21

Thompson, Morgan. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health Risk Behaviors among College Students." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499450058.

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with social, emotional, and cognitive impairments resulting from disrupted neurodevelopment. These impairments manifest as health risk behaviors (HRBs) including tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, illicit drug use, and sexual risk behaviors. The current study assessed the relation between ACEs and HRBs by examining the cognitive abilities of 144 college students (M = 18.92 years; 56.3% female; 63.9% White; M = .078 ACEs). Participants completed an interview (parental incarceration, Criminogenic Cognitions Scale), surveys (Youth Risk Behavior Survey, ACE Questionnaire), delay discounting task, the Tower of Hanoi, and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Results revealed a graded relationship between ACE scores and illicit drug use risk behaviors, ACE scores and sexual risk behaviors, and household criminality and sexual risk behaviors. Students who reported more ACEs had an increase in the likelihood of reporting illicit drug use and sexual risk behaviors. Although no significant mediation effects of cognitive impairment were observed, a path analysis model revealed that a subscale of the Criminogenic Cognitions Scale (Negative Attitudes toward Authority) mediated the relation between ACE scores and sexual risk behaviors. These findings demonstrate the cognitive impairments may not serve as the best explanation for the relation between ACEs and HRBs in college students. However, these findings do indicate that a universal approach to preventing and reducing HRBs among at-risk college students may be inappropriate. Rather, it may be best to target specific HRBs.
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Friedman, Jeffrey Michael. "A Grounded Theory Investigation of Adaptations to Adverse Childhood Experiences." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dft_etd/32.

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) include childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, and household dysfunction. Much has been reported about the detrimental outcomes associated with these experiences. The associated negative outcomes of ACEs can include addiction, suicide, disability, teenage pregnancy, and early death. However, it is well known that many people experience ACEs and do very well. Rather than viewing negative outcomes only as symptoms of trauma and positive outcomes only as signs of resilience, it is possible to consider adaptations. This study focused on how adults adapted to their adverse childhood experiences. Data were collected based on semistructured interviews with nine members of the ACEs Connection Social Network, an online support group. The data were analyzed using a constructivist grounded theory methodology. A grounded theory then emerged from data, supporting the adaptation construct.
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Parks, Treyveon, and Alex Hernandez. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Coping Methods for Social Work Students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/817.

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The purpose of the following study was to explore and examine the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) and coping methods among social work students at a Southern California university. The literature on ACE scores suggests that higher levels of ACE can impact well-being and functioning in adults, yet, provides limited information relating to social work. A quantitative survey instrument constructed by Felitti and colleagues (1998) and two additional questions relating to coping methods and strategies were constructed by the researchers were used to gather data for the purpose of this study. Data for the following study was collected through a self-administered, online questionnaire distributed by a Southern California university school of social work administration via Qualtrics online survey software. The data was analyzed with SPSS software, using descriptive statistics, frequencies, and independent sample t-tests. The study’s results suggest that social work students, in general, have higher ACE scores than are found in the general population. The majority of respondents reported having more than 2 instances of ACE. Yet, less than half of respondents reported using effective, healthy coping methods to cope with experiences of childhood hood trauma. These findings suggest that schools of social work, and the agencies that employee their graduates, should consider providing enhances, supports, and training for social work students and professionals coping with ACE events.
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Ickes, Alison. "Can Spiritual Experiences Promote Empathy in the Context of Past Adverse Childhood Experiences?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/527.

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Previous research suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can greatly impact a child’s physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing later in life. ACE exposure has been associated with lower levels of empathy in the literature. Spirituality is often associated with a number of positive outcomes, including those associated with empathy, like prosocial behaviors. The present study examines spirituality as a buffer against reduced empathy in those with exposure to adverse events in childhood. Participants for this study were recruited through the SONA research platform at East Tennessee State University as part of a larger research project, the REACH (Religions, Emotions, and Current Health) study. Results of this study did not support the working hypotheses that we would find a negative correlation between ACEs and empathy, as well as a moderation relationship via spirituality between ACEs and empathy. However, we did find that empathy was positively associated with spirituality, and ACEs were negatively associated with spirituality. Future research should dig deeper into the relationship between ACEs and empathy, as well as search for other possible protective factors for the effects of ACEs.
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Quinn, Megan, Gabrielle Caldara, Kathleen Collins, Heather Owens, Ifeoma Ozodiegwu, Elaine Loudermilk, and Jill D. Stinson. "Methods for Understanding Childhood Trauma: Modifying the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire for Cultural Competency." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6778.

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Hockenberry, Amy. "Impact of adverse childhood experiences on adolescent 30-day alcohol use." Thesis, University of Alaska Anchorage, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1543902.

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Adolescent alcohol use is a major public health problem that affects millions of youth in the United States annually. High prevalence rates of youth alcohol use are related to many factors; one direct influence is the effect of adverse childhood experiences and the substantial impact on brain and behavioral development. This study assessed the relationship between the effects of adverse experiences and specific protective factors on the development of alcohol use in middle school students. Utilizing a cross-sectional design with the administration of a self completed survey, the outcomes show a relationship between higher adverse childhood experience scores and an increased prevalence of 30-day alcohol use. Additionally shown is a decline in use by students who report having a higher incidence of protective factors. This study will be utilized in building community awareness, adaptations to educational processes, creating community wide strategies and innovative public health approaches for prevention by understanding the collective impact that adverse experiences have on a child's health in relation to alcohol use.

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Emerson, Julie Ann. "Screening for Adverse Childhood Experiences in Primary Care: Recommendations for Practice." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29455.

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Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) increase the risk of childhood injury as well as long-term negative mental and physical health outcomes. ACE are defined as potentially traumatic events occurring during childhood and adolescence that can have negative, lasting effects on health and well-being (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Childhood trauma can lead to the development of chronic diseases, mental illness, violence and being a victim of violence, as well as financial and social problems later in life. Despite the clear links between childhood trauma and chronic diseases in adulthood, there continues to be a lack of ACE screening in primary care settings. Primary care providers are well positioned to minimize the gap between evidence-based research and clinical practice leading to chronic disease management that is founded on quality patient care (Sarvet, 2017). ACE screening, alone, can be an intervention that reduces the frequency of overall health care facility use by patients leading to an overall reduction in healthcare costs (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2014; Felitti et al., 1998; Glowa, Olson, & Johnson, 2016). Incorporating ACE screening as standard of practice in primary care can lead to earlier identification and treatment of high-risk patients. The purpose of this project was to assess the feasibility of ACE screening in a primary care clinic in the Fargo area serving a population at high-risk for experiencing childhood trauma. Primary care providers are well equipped to close the gap between ACE research and clinical practice, however ACE screening is not widely conducted (Glowa et al., 2016). Identifying barriers to ACE screening in primary care and developing strategies to overcome them can improve the intention of healthcare providers to screen for ACE in their practice ultimately eliminating the gap between evidence-based ACE research and clinical practice.
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Jones, Marissa R. "The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Acute Stress, and Working Memory." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3775.

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Working memory (WM) is a crucial component of cognitive function that affects learning, reasoning, and problem solving, all of which are important for daily functioning. Therefore, addressing factors that can impact working memory, such as stress, are incredibly relevant to understanding WM efficiency. WM is an important component of higher order cognitive function and high WM capacity has been shown to be important for academic and occupational performance. Thus, understanding the relationship between stress-related factors and WM could aid in identifying strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of stress on working memory. Although some previous research has indicated a negative impact of acute stress on WM, other research has indicated no impact or even a positive impact of stress on WM. As the relationship between acute stress and WM is mixed, examining other stress-related factors may provide further insight into the relationship. The current study examines how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and acute stress influence WM, and how frontal theta and alpha activity are affected by WM task demands. Participants completed a working memory task while their EEG was recorded. Participants then completed the PANAS to assess their current emotional state. Following the PANAS, participants viewed a stressful or neutral video as an acute stress induction, followed by a second PANAS to ensure effectiveness of stress induction. Participants then completed the WM task a second time. Finally, the participants completed the ACEs questionnaire. Bayesian linear mixed effects models were used to examine the relationships between ACEs, acute stress, WM, and frontal theta and alpha frequencies. Findings suggest there is not enough evidence to support a relationship between acute stress, ACEs, WM, and WM-related theta and alpha. While the current study did not reveal a relationship, future research should explore how acute stress and exposure to specific stressors during childhood could explain individual differences in WM.
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Loudermilk, Elaine, Kevin Loudermilk, Julie Obenauer, and Megan Quinn. "Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on Adult Alcohol Consumption Behaviors." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6777.

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Background: Long term negative physical and mental health problems occur from the lack of appropriate interventions targeting the adult population who experienced adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and partake in risky alcohol consumption behaviors. Objective: This study aimed to identify the risk for alcohol consumption behaviors, specifically binge drinking (BD) and any drinking (AD), among adults with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Methods: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2011–2012 data were used. Descriptive statistics were completed followed by simple and multiple logistic regression to determine the strength of association between ACEs and alcohol consumption, controlling for sociodemographic factors. Results: The final adjusted sample size was 69,793. Adults who experienced household abuse were 30% more likely to BD (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.30, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.20–1.41) and 21% more likely for AD (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.14–1.28) in the past month. Males were over two times more likely to BD (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.96–2.29) and 60% more likely for AD (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.51–1.69) in the past month compared to females. Individuals who completed some college were at higher risk of BD (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.26–1.82), whereas those who graduated college were nearly two and a half times more likely to report AD in the past month (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.99–2.59) compared to individuals with less than high school education. Conclusion: Adults who experienced household abuse, are male, or possess at least some college education are at increased risk for BD and AD.
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Booth, A., and Jill D. Stinson. "Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on High-Risk Inpatients’ Criminal Behavior." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7908.

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Loudermilk, Elaine, Renice Obure, Julie Obenauer, Megan Quinn, and Jill D. Stinson. "The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Adult Divorce and Separation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7952.

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Background: Healthy marriage promotes better health outcomes compared to negative marital experiences. Previous research has shown that exposure to trauma prior to age 18, or Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), increases the likelihood of poor health in adults. These negative experiences impact future relationships and contribute to increased risk for depression, substance abuse, and lowered immune system. This study used ACE scores by category to investigate the effect of ACEs on the risk of divorce or separation and explored the hypothesis that children who have experienced ACEs are more likely to report being divorced or separated in later life. Methods: ACEs examined individually included those considered as abuse (swearing, physical abuse, forced to touch, and sex) and those categorized as household dysfunction (parent/guardian depression, alcohol, or substance use, incarceration, family abuse, and parental divorce). Descriptive statistics were completed in SAS with the 2011 and 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. All ACE categories were found to be significant using chisquare (p<0.05). Final analysis using Stata (N=69,793) compared adults who were divorced or separated to those who were married or widowed. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were completed for ACEs, controlling for income, race, age, education level and gender. Results: Those who experienced ACEs of forced sex or had a parent in prison had double the odds of experiencing divorce or separation (OR=2.46, p<0.001 and OR=2.03 p<0.001 respectively). Exposure to parent/guardian alcohol use in the home was shown to have a less dramatic effect on divorce/ separation, although this was still significant (OR=1.57, p<0.001). Forced touch was found to almost double the odds of divorce/separation (OR= 1.96, p<0.001). Higher income was shown to have a protective effect on marital status (OR=0.60 p<0.001). While age, males, and education level were statistically significant, the variables did not have a meaningful effect on reducing chances of divorce/separated (ORs between 0.87 and 0.96, p<0.001). Conclusion: Those who experienced ACEs as a child were at more risk of being currently divorced/separated. The current study found that adults who were forced to have sex or forced to touch as a child were at increased risk of divorce/separation. Individuals with a parent in prison were twice as likely to experience divorce/separation. Studying the effect ACEs have on marriage could contribute to further understanding ways in which to prevent unhealthy relationships. This in turn could reduce the risk for divorce and adverse health problems in adults who have experienced ACEs. More studies need to be done to fully understand the consequent effects on ACEs and divorce/separation.
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Booth, Alexis, Jill D. Stinson, and Carrie C. LeMay. "Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on High-Risk Inpatients’ Criminal Behavior." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7960.

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) play a role in the development of chronic mental and physical diseases in adulthood. These experiences include adversities such as: emotional/verbal abuse, sexual abuse, physical abuse, and household dysfunction. Building from the ACE study conducted by Kaiser Permanente from 1995-1997, this study aims to contribute to the body of knowledge gained about ACE’s and their effects on health in high risk populations, and to examine the effects of developmental diversity on criminality. In this study, we hypothesize that forensic mental health offenders will have higher ACE scores than community participants. Secondly, we hypothesize that these participants will show higher rates of and earlier incidences of offending, arrest, incarceration, and hospitalization as a result of their ACE scores. Further, we hypothesize that males and females will be affected by ACE’s differently, as seen in number of arrests, incarceration, and hospitalizations. Using archival data from a secure forensic psychiatric facility in the Midwestern US, data were collected from 211 participants, of which 80% were males and 18% females. The ages of the participants ranged from 23 to 72 with a median age of 42. Caucasians comprised 46% of the sample followed by African Americans at 34%. Using SPSS software, we were able to determine frequency of the ten categories of abuse, maltreatment, and familial dysfunction as included in the original 2015 Appalachian Student Research Forum Page 49 ACE research. Correlations were run to determine the relationship between ACE’s and criminal behavior. Statistical comparisons were also run to examine the differences between males and females. ACE score significantly correlated with age at first psychiatric admission. Males and females were significantly different with regard to ACE score. However, other variables were not significant, as predicted by prior research, and suggest that future research that need to more deeply examine differences between males and females with regard to adverse childhood experience, and additional variables that determine criminal outcomes in high-risk samples.
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McCloskey, Rebecca Jane. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Postpartum Health, and Breastfeeding: A Mixed Methods Study." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586539670575903.

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34

Taylor, T., Julie Obenauer-Motley, Edward Leinaar, I. Ozodiegwu, and Megan Quinn. "Interrelationships of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Stroke, and Depression Among BRFSS Respondents." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8183.

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35

Cook, Rachel. "Educator Perceptions of Generational Poverty, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Student Learning." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3936.

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The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine educators perceptions of the effects of generational poverty and adverse childhood experiences on student learning and to understand the factors that might facilitate breaking the cycle of generational poverty and adverse childhood experiences with respect to student learning. Data collection strategies included individual interviews and document review. Analysis of data occurred in three phases: categorization of data, building the explanation in narrative form and reexamination of the data. The analysis of the data was based on Payne’s idea of generational poverty and the CDC-Kaiser Permanente Adverse Childhood Experiences(ACE) study. The credibility of the analysis was protected by triangulation of data through multiple sources of evidence, establishment of a chain of evidence, and member checking. After interviews were conducted the following themes emerged as ways to break the cycle of generational poverty and adverse childhood experiences: tutoring/after school programs, mentors/peer buddies, educating educators, parent involvement, and accountability. The results are detailed in the study.
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36

Booth, Alexis L., and Jill D. PhD Stinson. "Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on High Risk Inpatients Criminal Behavior." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/289.

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) play a role in the development of chronic mental and physical diseases in adulthood. These experiences include adversities such as: emotional/verbal abuse, sexual abuse, physical abuse, and household dysfunction. In this study, we hypothesize that forensic mental health offenders will have higher ACE scores than community participants. Secondly, we hypothesize that these participants will show higher rates of and earlier incidences of offending, arrest, incarceration, and hospitalization as a result of their ACE scores. Further, we hypothesize that males and females will be affected by ACEs differently. Using archival data from a secure forensic psychiatric facility in the Midwestern US, data were collected from 211 participants, of which 80% were males and 18% females. The ages of the participants ranged from 23 to 72 with a median age of 43. Using SPSS software, we were able to determine frequency of the ten categories of abuse, maltreatment, and familial dysfunction as included in the original ACE research. Correlations were run to determine the relationship between ACEs and criminal behavior. Statistical comparisons were also run to examine the differences between males and females. ACE score significantly correlated with age at first psychiatric admission. Males and females were significantly different with regard to ACE score. However, other variables were not significant and suggest that future research need to more deeply examine these differences, and additional variables that may determine criminal outcomes in high-risk samples.
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37

Tucciarone, Joseph T. Jr. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Homeless Chronicity, and Age at Onset of Homelessness." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3534.

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Childhood adversity is associated with numerous negative outcomes across multiple domains, including mental and physical health, interrelationships, and social functioning. Notably, research suggests that childhood adversity has a dose-response relationship with these outcomes; that is, greater numbers of adverse experiences in childhood are associated with worse outcomes. These outcomes overlap with many risk factors of homelessness. This study sought to address two questions: 1) Does a dose-response relationship exist between childhood adversity and chronic homelessness? 2) Does childhood adversity negatively predict the age at which homelessness first occurs? Adults experiencing homeless who are accessing homeless services in the Tri-Cities area of Northeast Tennessee responded to a brief instrument that includes measures of homeless chronicity, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), and age of onset of homelessness. Although relationships between ACEs and homeless chronicity was not observed, a relationship did emerge between number of ACEs and number of episodes and number of ACEs and age at initial onset of homelessness.
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Sosnowski, David. "Adverse Childhood Experiences Indirectly Affect Child Telomere Length Through Self-Regulation." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5768.

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The goals of present study were: (a) to examine associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and telomere length during childhood using ACE composite scores both with and without “new” adversities (i.e., parental death and poverty), and (b) to determine if ACEs indirectly affect telomere length through children’s self-regulatory abilities (i.e., effortful control and self-control). The analytic sample consisted of national data from teachers, biological parents, and their children (N = 2,527; Mage = 9.35, SD = .36 years; 52% male; 45% Black). Results from linear regression analyses revealed a statistically significant main effect of updated (but not traditional) ACEs on child telomere length, controlling for hypothesized covariates, although the additional amount of variance explained by ACEs was negligible. Results from mediation analyses revealed an indirect effect of ACEs on child telomere length through self-control, assessed via a teacher-reported Social Skills Rating System, but not effortful control. While longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen claims of causation, the present study clarifies the association between ACEs and telomere length during middle childhood, and identifies a pathway from ACEs to changes in telomere length that should be explored further.
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Baker, Katie, Megan Quinn, T. Ariyo, Anthony Peluso, M. Smyth, A. Cano, A. Peterson, K. Mwirigi, and H. O. Owens. "Exploring Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Mothers and Daughters in South Central Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6791.

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Fay, Susan D. "Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Illness Perceptions among Individuals with Fibromyalgia." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/213.

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Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Illness Perceptions among Individuals with Fibromyalgia by Susan D. Fay MS, Drexel University, 1994 BS, Metropolitan State University of Denver, 1983 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Psychology Walden University February 2015 Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including abuse and neglect, are a significant social health problem. Exposure to ACEs can place a child at a high risk for developing different diseases or illnesses in adulthood, including fibromyalgia. The purpose of this study was to determine if exposure to ACEs, moderated by perceived social support and/or social undermining, would result in more negative illness perceptions of personal control and/or treatment control. A survey research design was used in this quantitative study. Purposive convenience sampling methods were used to solicit 231 participants to complete an online survey. Moderated multiple regression analysis was used to assess the moderating roles of perceived social support and social undermining on the relationship between ACEs with personal control and treatment control facets of illness perceptions among individuals with fibromyalgia. Developmental traumatology, allostatic load, social support, social undermining, and illness perceptions served as the theoretical and empirical foundation for this study. Social undermining was found to be a significant moderator of the relationship between sexual abuse, perceived social support, and personal control perceptions, F(7, 174) = 1.28, p <.001, but only when levels of social undermining were moderate to high. The relationship was not significant for treatment control perceptions as the criterion variable, or for physical or emotional abuse as predictor variables. Positive social change implications include an expanded knowledge of important social and psychological factors that influence the health of fibromyalgia patients, especially those exposed to sexual abuse. Such information can assist health care providers develop more effective therapies, treatments, and screening protocols.
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Dickerson, Kristen Baker. "Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Maternal Health and Birth Weight in Appalachia." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4438.

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Adverse birth outcomes and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are concerns in the United States, with potential to impact health indices now and in the future. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively examine the association between maternal exposure to ACE, low birth weight, and county of residence in the Appalachian population using the Life Course Approach as the theoretical framework. A cross-sectional study design and clustering strategy was used to randomly select potential respondents from a data set that was provided by Ohio Department of Health. Self-administered questionnaires were sent to potential respondents to collect information about ACE in the maternal population of Appalachia, Ohio with an overall response rate of 29.5% and 212 total participants. A chi-square analysis was completed and no significant association was found between county of residence and risk of low birth weight. However, statistically significant associations were found between the different types of ACE exposure and low birth weight delivery as well as Appalachian county of residence and exposure to ACE. As the sample of low birth weight deliveries was small, it is recommended that the relationship between ACE exposure and low birth weight be further studied to develop more purposeful health interventions to improve maternal health in Appalachia, Ohio specifically, as well as other rural communities. Reducing rates of adverse birth outcomes and chronic disease burden in Appalachia have potential to reduce health disparities between urban and Appalachian communities, allowing for positive social change for many socioeconomically disadvantaged communities and improving population health.
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42

Cesene, Daniel Fredrick. "Understanding the Moderators of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Mature Adult Satisfaction and Adjustment." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1485357647704633.

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43

Thompson, Ellen J. "Affective symptoms across the life course and the role of adverse childhood experiences." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/80790/.

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44

Kennedy, Hilarie Fotter. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Effects on Teachers' Beliefs about Classroom Behavior Management." Thesis, University of Southern Maine, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13809710.

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The aim of this survey research pilot study was to determine if there is a relationship that exists between a teacher’s perceptions about their disciplinary style and early life exposure to adverse experiences. The method consisted of two brief questionnaires (the Adverse Childhood Experience questionnaire and the Behavior and Instruction Management Scale) which was completed electronically by 2,149 teachers (response rate 16.51%) practicing within the state of Maine. The Behavior and Instruction Management Scale (BIMS) is a validated measure of teacher beliefs about their behavioral and instructional management practices in their classrooms and the Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) questionnaire is a validated measure of early life exposure to adverse experiences. Previous research using the ACE questionnaire indicated a strong correlation between a high number of adverse experiences in childhood and increased risk of developing later negative health conditions, including depression, obesity and heart disease. Moreover, early adverse experiences can lead to more extreme beliefs in parenting practices including discipline. This current survey research pilot-study determined the percentage of teacher who endorsed high levels of adverse childhood experiences and a possible connection between high levels of early adverse experiences and classroom behavior management.

In this study 14.5% of teachers reported experiencing at least 4 of the 10 categories of adverse childhood experiences, which is over double the expected rate based on the original study. The results of this survey research design were correlated using Spearman’s rho and found a very weak and statistically nonsignificant correlation of r = .010, p = .007, between a teacher’s ACE score and their BIMS score. The significance of this study and implications for future policy and research are discussed.

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Sexton, Elysabeth. "Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Temperament in Children Aged 14 to 36-months." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/580.

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Researchers have explored the effects of early adverse life experiences (ACEs) on children’s developmental outcomes for decades. In this study, I explored whether ACEs in toddlerhood were associated with temperament. I tested the hypotheses that: 1) children who were determined to have a difficult temperamental profile would have higher parent-reported ACE scores than children with an easy temperamental profile, and 2) children’s temperament types would have stronger associations with abuse and neglect ACE scores than with household dysfunction ACE scores. Parents of 94 toddlers, who were between 14 and 36 months of age, completed online surveys on behalf of their toddlers, including a modified version of the original ACEs survey and the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire (ECBQ; Putnam, Gartstein, & Rothbart, 2006). Results supported the first hypothesis that children with a difficult temperament profile would have higher ACE scores than children with an easy temperament profile. However, the second hypothesis was not supported. Exploratory analyses were conducted to investigate correlations between individual ACE items and two temperament superdimensions: negative affectivity and effortful control. This is one of the first investigations to explore the prevalence of ACEs in toddlers via parental report and one of the first to document an association between adverse childhood experiences and temperament in very early childhood. Future attempts at replicating these ACEs-temperament associations in very early childhood, in additional and more diverse samples, can help shed light on their validity.
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Redd, Michael John. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Couple Relationships: Impacts on Relationship Quality and Partner Selection." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1510336296933526.

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47

Edwards, Larissa-Jayne. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Psychological Outcomes: The Roles of Shame and Resilience." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron154272483558287.

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48

Rojas, Shannon. "Emotional Regulation as a Mediator of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Parental Reflective Functioning." Thesis, Alliant International University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=27669537.

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The intergenerational transmission of trauma has deleterious effects on families (Kestenburg, 1981; Yehuda, 2018). This study aims to examine the role of emotional regulation and parental reflective functioning (PRF) in the transmission of trauma to discover the underlying mechanisms of trauma so that clinicians are able to gain a deeper understanding of this phenomena in order to provide targeted interventions. An online sample of 219 participants who were over 18 years of age and who identified as being a mother completed the survey. The survey included the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-18), and the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ). What this study found are that the relationship between the ACE and PRFQ-IC was mediated by the DERS-18 (R = .273, R2 = .074, p = .000). These results indicate that clinicians may have success in treating the transmission of intergenerational trauma with interventions targeting emotional dysregulation.
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Otwell-Dove, Rebecca. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Familial Emotion Socialization, and Adult Emotion Regulation: A Moderation Model." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3677.

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with maladaptive outcomes, including difficulties with emotion regulation (ER). ER difficulties, in turn, increase risk for experiencing physical and mental health problems. Parental emotion socialization is one factor that has been associated with ER skills across development. No known studies, however, have examined whether parental emotion socialization moderates the relationship between ACEs and ER difficulties. In the current study, undergraduates (N = 678) completed questionnaires about their history of ACEs, parental emotion socialization experiences, and current ER difficulties. Correlational results indicated a positive correlation between ACEs and ER difficulties. Results of the hierarchical multiple regression analyses found a significant moderation effect only within the context of distress reaction (DR) parenting. Results suggested that the link between ACEs and adult ER difficulties was stronger in the context of low to moderate DR parenting and relatively weak in circumstances of high DR parenting.
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Unzueta, Celina V. Ms, and Andrea Dr Clements. "The Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Intrinsic Religiosity in Southern Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/430.

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The present exploratory study examined adverse childhood experiences and religiosity in a sample of individuals from Southern Appalachia. Self-reports of childhood adversity and intrinsic religion were obtained from 167 individuals. Results showed that fifty-five percent had not experienced a childhood adversity while forty-three percent had experienced one to five episodes. Although a little under half the sample had one or more adverse experiences, there was no significant relationship between ACEs and intrinsic religion (r= -.037, p= .631). Sex and intrinsic religion were significantly related in that men endorsed the use of intrinsic religiosity more than women (t(165)= -2.28, p= .005).
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