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Mastroianni, Patrícia de Carvalho, Jose Carlos Fernandez Galduróz, and Elisaldo Araújo Carlini. "Influence of the legislation on the advertisement of psychoactive medications in Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 25, no. 3 (2003): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462003000300006.
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OBJECTIVE: The regulations on the advertisement of medications aim to encourage and promote an improved health care and the rational use of medications. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the influence of three regulations on the advertisement of medications: the "Export act", published in the United States in 1986; the "WHO's Criteria", published in 1988, and the Resolution 102/2000 of the Collegiate Board of Directors of the ANVISA (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária- Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Agency), on the advertisement of psychoactive medications. METHOD: We collected advertisements that were published in Brazilian psychiatric journals before and after the regulations were established. The contents of the advertisements were analyzed according to a program created based on the regulation's demands. RESULTS: In the 118 analyzed issues there were 199 different advertisements on 85 psychotropic drugs. We observed that, regardless the studied medication, the information about restrictions of use, such as adverse drug reactions, interactions, contraindications, warnings and precautions, does not appear very often, and when it does, its print sizes were smaller than that of the information favoring the use, such as indication, presentation and dosage. After the publication of the regulations, only 38.2% of the advertisements had all the essential technical information, and 35.3% were irregular in some way. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that there was very little influence of the regulations on the advertisement of psychotropic drugs in Brazil. Consequently, other control measures are necessary in addition to the regulations.
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Behboudi, Mehdi, and Hamideh Mokhtari Hasanabad. "Advertisements on the Internet." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 5, no. 4 (2014): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2014100101.
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The purpose of this study is to provide some insights into advertisements on the Iranian websites. Firstly, in publisher side, is the ethic a matter of fact in accepting Internet advertisements to publish? Second, to provide a preliminary insight into the advertising of pleasant and objectionable products, which one is more? Third, what kind of the involvement (rational or emotional) used more to publish Internet advertisements? In pursuing these goals, the content of 649 ads through 205 websites and 751 ads through 138 weblogs was analyzed. Content analysis was used to verify the data. The authors found that (1) all 649 analyzed ads in Iranian websites are belonged to ethical ads and no unethical advertisement found at websites, (2) the majority of published advertisements are belonged to “high involvement product with rational appeal”, (3) the “objectionable product ads” at Iranian weblogs (%68) was more “pleasant product ads” (%32). This study by analyzing 1400 advertisements gives managers some insights and solutions regarding to advertising on the Iranian Internet domains.
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Manurung, Roisa Monika, Siti Aisyah Ginting, and I. Wayan Dirgeyasa Tangkas. "SEMIOTIC IN MILK ADVERTISEMENTS." LINGUISTIK TERAPAN 17, no. 3 (2021): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/lt.v17i3.22460.
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Television advertisement has a promotional function as a medium to advertise a product. It implicitly persuades people to create demand of a product that is being advertised. Implicit meaning can be studied with semiotic; it is the theory and study of sign, symbol, and signification as communicative behavior, especially as elements of language or other system of communication. This study is aimed to identify the types of signs of milk television advertisements. The writer focuses on four advertisements of milk products 'Bear Brand Sterilized advertisements, which published on television media since June 2009-2015. The methodology used in this research is qualitative method and the researcher uses semiotics approach of Charles Sanders Peirce. The data of this analysis are phrases, sentences, images, objects, and colors in each advertisement. The writer identifies some signs in each scene of the advertisement. The data are found in 25 in the bear brand advertisements. The result of this study shows that each scene contains signs such as icon,index, and symbol. There are 22 of icons, 8 indexes, and 26 symbols. In the analysis using Charles Sanders Pierce Triadic theory, the writer found that in every advertisement uses signs which consist of representament, object, and interpretant. The combination of the three signs will deliver the meaning of the selected object (advertisement) to the reader. The result of the study shows that the three kinds of signs are used to create clear meanings and both of them have a strong relationship in delivering messages of the products.Keywords: Television Advertisement, Semiotic, Icon, Index, Symbol
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Manurung, Roisa Monika, Siti Aisyah Ginting, and I. Wayan Dirgeyasa Tangkas. "SEMIOTIC IN MILK ADVERTISEMENTS." LINGUISTIK TERAPAN 17, no. 3 (2021): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/lt.v17i3.22460.
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Television advertisement has a promotional function as a medium to advertise a product. It implicitly persuades people to create demand of a product that is being advertised. Implicit meaning can be studied with semiotic; it is the theory and study of sign, symbol, and signification as communicative behavior, especially as elements of language or other system of communication. This study is aimed to identify the types of signs of milk television advertisements. The writer focuses on four advertisements of milk products 'Bear Brand Sterilized advertisements, which published on television media since June 2009-2015. The methodology used in this research is qualitative method and the researcher uses semiotics approach of Charles Sanders Peirce. The data of this analysis are phrases, sentences, images, objects, and colors in each advertisement. The writer identifies some signs in each scene of the advertisement. The data are found in 25 in the bear brand advertisements. The result of this study shows that each scene contains signs such as icon,index, and symbol. There are 22 of icons, 8 indexes, and 26 symbols. In the analysis using Charles Sanders Pierce Triadic theory, the writer found that in every advertisement uses signs which consist of representament, object, and interpretant. The combination of the three signs will deliver the meaning of the selected object (advertisement) to the reader. The result of the study shows that the three kinds of signs are used to create clear meanings and both of them have a strong relationship in delivering messages of the products.Keywords: Television Advertisement, Semiotic, Icon, Index, Symbol
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Rehan, Harmeet Singh, M. A. Nagarani, and M. Rehan. "EVALUATION OF DRUG ADVERTISEMENTS IN A MEDICAL JOURNALThough ideally the scientific information provided by pharmaceutical companies in drug advertisements should be for promotion of rational use of drugs, this objective is rarely achieved, as often the d." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 40, no. 140 (2003): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.671.
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Though ideally the scientific information provided by pharmaceutical companies indrug advertisements should be for promotion of rational use of drugs, this objective israrely achieved, as often the data is incomplete and biased. Analytical studies withthe help of standard indicators on this aspect of drug advertisements are very fewfrom developing countries. We analyzed all medical drug advertisements in elevenconsecutive issues of Journal of Nepal Medical Association published between 1993and 1996 with a special emphasis on their conformity with WHO guidelines andInternational Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (IFPMA) codefor drug advertisement.The 78 advertisements in the Journal of Nepal Medical Association constituted 7.7%pages of the eleven issues. Of the 38 products advertised, 30 (79%) were manufacturedoutside Nepal. Antimicrobial agents were the most frequently advertised group ofdrugs (47.4%). While generic name was not mentioned in 16.7% of the advertisements,the information on indications, adverse effects and contra-indications was lacking in37%, 88.4% and 87.1% of the advertisements respectively. Only 11.5% ofadvertisements provided information on generic name, indications, dosage, adverseeffects and contra indications. However, none of the advertisement was "complete"on the basis of the indicators of WHO guidelines and IFPMA codes.Key Words: Medical drug advertisement, drug information, WHO guidelines, IFPMA code.
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Kumar, N. Kishore, V. Sudha Rani, and M. Jagan Mohan Reddy. "Farmers Perception About Published Farm Advertisements Through Print and Electronic Media." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 9 (2012): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/sep2013/2.
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N. Kishore Kumar, N. Kishore Kumar, V. Sudha Rani, and M. Jagan Mohan Reddy. "Farmers Perception About Published Farm Advertisements Through Print and Electronic Media." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 9 (2012): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/sep2013/3.
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Arifah, Nur, Djatmika Djatmika, and Riyadi Santosa. "Conjunctive Relation in English Advertisement on Child and Teen Magazines." Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics 4, no. 2 (2019): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v4i2.185.
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There are many previous types of research about semiotics, language style and image in analyzing advertisements. This study analyzes advertisements by conjunctive relations. This is aimed at observing how the conjunctive relation analyzing the advertisement and constructing the meaning to target readers. This study describes the use of conjunctive relation that results from different stages in the advertisement. The data used advertisements published from August – September 2018 in Junior and Teen Magazine. The method of this study is descriptive qualitative. This study used purposive based sampling based on the objectives of the study. In analyzing data, researchers use Systemic Functional Linguistics approach. This step of analysis uses a domain, taxonomy, componential and cultural theme analysis. The study finds out that the advertisement is structured by exposition genre and the message is delivered well to specific target readers; children or teenagers. Besides,conjunctive relation’s analysis finds the invitation meaning explicitly. In conclusion, the language and meaning are easy to understand both the target readers.
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Mzhelskaya, Tatiana. "MAP ADVERTISEMENTS AS HISTORICAL SOURCES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 5 (2019): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-5-60-67.
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High research potential of maps and advertisements was recognized by scientists for a long time. The majority of research investigations contain analysis of separate documents. If a map contains an advertisement, it provides more opportunities for investigation. The purpose of the article is to reveal the research potential of maps containing advertisements. The author studied a map of Asian part of Russia and Turkestan Krai kept in the collection of Omsk State Library named after Alexander Pushkin. The research enabled the author to identify the time when the map was published (1901-1904), reveal the specifics of advertised goods and their manufacturers, and outline the supply geography and target audience of the advertised products. The author concludes that advertisements enhance the potential of maps as historical sources.
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Dennaya, Irene Anggita, and Barli Bram. "LANGUAGE STYLE IN FASHION ADVERTISEMENTS OF ONLINE VOGUE MAGAZINE." JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature) 6, no. 2 (2021): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/joall.v6i2.14549.
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In advertising, one of the purposes of communication is to offer a particular product. Advertisements display the advantages, features, and values of the products. This paper aimed to analyse the language styles used in online Vogue Magazine fashion advertisements. The data were collected by selecting ten advertisements collected from Vogue Magazine’s compilation entitled “The Fall 2020 Trends Vogue Edition Editors are Shopping This Season” published on 18 September 2020. The researchers employed mixed methods to analyse the language styles used in the fashion advertisements based on nine types of language styles proposed by Wells, Burnett, and Moriarty (1995). The results showed that there were three language styles found from ten online fashion advertisements in Vogue Magazine advertisements, namely the hard sell style (three times), soft sell style (three times), and mixed style or the combination of the hard sell and soft sell styles (four times). Each advertisement style has its specific features and functions in fashion promotion.
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Behboudi, Mehdi, and Hamideh Mokhtari. "Online Advertising." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 8, no. 3 (2017): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2017070104.
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The purpose of this chapter is to provide some insights into advertisements on the Iranian websites. Firstly, in publisher side, is the ethic a matter of fact in accepting Internet advertisements to publish? Second, to provide a preliminary insight into the advertising of pleasant and objectionable products, which one is more? Third, what kind of the involvement (rational or emotional) used more to publish Internet advertisements? In pursuing these goals, the content of 649 ads through 205 websites and 751 ads through 138 weblogs was analyzed. Content analysis was used to verify the data. In order to avoid the miscoding of contents, two researchers conducted the analysis and Intercoder reliability used to this goal. The authors found that (1) all 649 analyzed ads in Iranian websites are belonged to ethical ads and no unethical advertisement found at websites, (2) the majority of published advertisements are belonged to “high involvement product with rational appeal”, (3) the “objectionable product ads” at Iranian weblogs (%68) was more “pleasant product ads” (%32). This study by analyzing 1400 advertisements gives managers some insights and solutions regarding to advertising on the Iranian Internet domains. These experimental evidences regarding to ethics, pleasant and objectionable products and the type of involvement in Internet advertising in Iran have attracted little research attention.
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Drišļuks, Uldis, Ārija Kolosova, and Inta Kulberga. "Ieskats drukātās reklāmas vēsturē 20. gadsimta 30. gados: daži Liepājas piemēri." Scriptus Manet: humanitāro un mākslas zinātņu žurnāls = Scriptus Manet: Journal of Humanities and Arts, no. 10/11 (September 2, 2020): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/sm.2020.10.11.029.
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Historical advertisements and their language reflect tendencies and activities of the particular time period. When studying historical advertisement and its language, certain skills are required nowadays in order to understand the peculiarities, usage and significance of the language of the time. Advertisement is the source of history of its time, and its research provides an insight into both the history of the particular place, the city and the society of the time, its habits and values. Also, the political history of the age leaves an impact on the content of the advertisement. In its turn, comprehension of the language is a significant factor, as the text dominates in historical advertisements, and there are few pictures. An insight into the history of printed advertisement proves that a concise “text of advertisement” had to be created in order to get the advertisement printed in a publication, naming and advertising a particular product or service, it was important to show the information where the particular product could have been bought. The aim of the article is to provide an insight into the history of printed advertisement, using advertisements published in Liepāja publications during the 30s of the 20th century, mostly paying attention to the language of advertisements. In the article, the language of origin and problems of printed advertisements of the 30s of the 20th century have been analysed; differences in the language application have been studied comparing them with advertisement language nowadays. Analysis of literature and other resources, students’ surveys, and expert interview methods have been used to achieve the aim of the article. Research methods have been used in order to understand texts of old advertisements as resources of historical evidence, to study the written language of the time, as well as to understand that the advertisement of the time in the language context differs from the modern advertisement language and also from the Latvian literary language in general. It has been concluded that the Latvian language in the course of time is changing and developing. The language used in advertisements is simple; in order to attract attention, the superlative degree of adjectives is used. Advertisements are printed in black-and-white; the effect is achieved with bold letters and font size; the personification of the advertisement is common. Nowadays, youth can perceive the historical advertisement and be surprised that it was also used earlier in order, e. g. to attract customers to products. Some similar advertising slogans can be found that are still used nowadays. However, some difficulties are encountered when reflecting on the language of the time – separate words, expressions, also the applied orthography, as well as the old (Gothic) print. Youth justify difficulties of text perception with language development in the course of time, application of archaisms; they see the impact of the German language. The text of advertisements seems simple, even primitive, topical; it is an offer of practically applicable things. Nevertheless, the expert interviews confirm that the impact of a foreign language can be noticed in the advertising language, forms, words that are not used in the modern Latvian literary language any longer. To sum up, the authors of the article think that the research of the advertising language in the context of history is essential. Also, nowadays, when the digital marketing has developed, the issue about the communication with the consumer is still topical from the advertising point of view, and also the language application and content are important – what and how we want to say to consumers.
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Malik, Salma, Tejus Anantharamu, M. Fadil Salmani, Sapna Pradhan, and A. G. Mathur. "An analysis of adherence to the World Health Organisation guidelines pertaining to drug promotional literature by pharmaceutical firms." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 12 (2018): 2429. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20184860.
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Background: Pharmaceutical companies used Drug Promotion Literatures (DPLs) as a major tool to advertise their new products. World Health Organization (WHO) has set some guidelines for promotion of drug literature. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate various DPLs for their accuracy and credibility as per WHO ethical criteria.Methods: This was an observational and cross-sectional study. Total 100 drugs advertisements published in various medical journals were collected from the library of the college. Advertisements were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected advertisements were evaluated based on the WHO ethical criteria for drug promotion.Results: From 100 advertisements, 73 were single drug whereas 27 were fixed drug combinations. Antimicrobials (16%) were the most promoted advertisements. Only 28% of the advertisements carried references to support their claim. Out of which majority (91.78%) were from journal articles. The generic name, brand name, names of active ingredients, manufacturer, distributor and dosage regimen were mentioned in majority of advertisements. Drug interactions (12%), contraindications (22%), precautions (24%) and side effects (22%) were least mentioned in the advertisements.Conclusions: It was observed that none of the advertisement followed all the guidelines laid down by WHO. Pharmaceutical companies should follow ethical regulatory measures to promote their product in various journals. The regulatory authority must ensure the pharmaceutical companies to follow ethical guidelines for publishing various drug promotional literatures.
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Dewi, Octavia Chandra, Lia Maulia Indrayani, and Ypsi Soeria Soemantri. "THE MORPHO-PHONEMIC PROCESSES IN INDONESIAN ADVERTISEMENT’S SLOGANS." Celtic: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching, Literature and Linguistics 7, no. 2 (2020): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/celtic.v7i2.12106.
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The use of slogans in the advertisements to introduce and to attract public’s attention upon the products advertised are essential. The use of morpho-phonemic forms as the morphological process in the Indonesian advertisements’ slogans nowadays are interesting to be analyzed since there are lots of them use unique forms to attract public’s attention upon the product. The public’s attention upon the advertisements would influence the level of public’s awareness upon the product and eventually would raise the number of purchase and the usage of the product offered. This research explained the forms of the morphological process used in the Indonesian advertisement’s slogans, and the purposes of the morphological process used in the Indonesian advertisement’s slogans. Based on O'Grady and Dobrovolsky’s theories, this research uses descriptive qualitative method by observing and documenting the forms of morpho-phonemic changing which are used in Indonesian slogans, continued by analyzing the data. The objects of the study were the texts in advertisement’s slogans. The sources of the data were the Indonesian advertisement’s slogans from various types of product, which were aired or published in Indonesia. The forms of the morpho-phonemic changing were studied based on morphological processes in morphology. Slogans should attract the attention from public upon the product advertised to consume or to use it. It is hope that these findings will be useful for the development of language use especially in advertising.
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Quillard, Geneviève. "Feelings, language and referential preferences in advertising (North America, French Canada and France)." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 56, no. 3 (2010): 237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.56.3.03gen.
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This study is based on a bilingual corpus made up of advertisements published in North American magazines and their translations for French Canadians, and on a unilingual corpus of advertisements published in France.<p>Drawing primarily on research conducted in the area of cultural studies and on such concepts as universalism/particularism, individualism/collectivism, monochronic/synchronic cultures, etc., this paper analyses the part played by feelings and language, and the referential preferences in the North American advertisements, their translated versions and the French advertisements.
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Oktaviyanti, Sara. "Analizyng The Lingual Elements of Sampoerna Hijau Advertisement Published on Youtube." RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 6, no. 1 (2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jr.6.1.1279.33-41.
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The research aims to find any lingual elements and meanings used by advertisers in “Sampoerna Hijau” Cigarette advertisements on Youtube. There are 5 editions of advertisements that are analized, “Edisi Dateng Kondangan”, “Edisi Selfie di Kondangan”, “Edisi Minum Es Kacang Ijo”, “Edisi Punyaku Lebih Nikmat” and the last is “Edisi Hijau Panas”. Seven Types of Meaning theory by Leech is used on this research. This study is design in a qualitative research. Researcher collected the data using observation methods. Then in the analysis of research data using Agih method with the basic technique that is Bagi Unsur Langsung or BUL techniques. The BUL method and technique are used by researcher to analyze the signs and forms found in Sampoerna Hijau cigarette advertisements so that they can easily classify these lingual signs and forms. The researcher found that the lingual form in the five editions of Sampoerna Hijau Cigarette Advertisements, namely: 10 interrogative sentences, 13 imperative sentences, 13 declarative sentences, 14 exclamation sentences, 2 nouns and 1 adjective. The meanings found in each lingual form are 5 meanings, with the following description: sentences that contain reflections as many as 12 sentences, sentences containing affective meanings of 22 sentences, sentences containing conceptual meanings of 15 sentences, sentences that contains a colloquial meaning of 2 sentences and the last sentence that contains connotative meaning of 1 sentence.
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Dukut, Ekawati Marhaenny. "A POPULAR CULTURE RESEARCH ON AMERICAN HEGEMONY IN TRANSNATIONAL WOMEN MAGAZINE ADVERTISEMENTS." Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies 2, no. 1 (2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v2i1.34243.
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Women magazine advertisements from the United States of America (U.S.A.) cross border in space of time and location due to the transnational characteristics of American popular culture. By traveling through spaces of time, an advertisement from previous years is possible to come up again in many years after. This occurence happens in some U.S. women magazine advertisements. Meanwhile through spaces of location, U.S. magazine advertisements can also be published in magazines from other nations with almost no real difference in its visualizations, like what happens in Indonesian women magazines. Scholars claim the occurrence is influenced by the American hegemony phenomena. Working under the American Studies discipline, the researcher chooses a total of 3621 women magazine advertisements from the 2007-2008 issues of U.S. Ladies Home Journal, O: The Oprah Magazine, Cosmopolitan; Indonesian Cosmopolitan, Kartini, and Femina, as well as 1960 Ladies Home Journal to become the main data for research. In her research, a thread of popular culture, consumer culture and gender ideology perspectives are found. First, through popular culture, the advertisements gain an easy access for transnationality and globalization. Second, through consumer culture, the researcher finds that women are acknowledged as the highest potential as consumers because they are the decision makers of their own family’s household expenses. Third, by dissecting and analyzing the advertisements in more detail, the research also finds that gender ideology confirms how society still want women to maintain the traditional roles of women as mothers and housewives.Keywords: Transnational American Studies, popular culture, hegemony, gender ideology
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Quillard, Geneviève. "Translation and cultural mediation: The case of advertising in Canada." Translation and Interpreting Studies 1, no. 2 (2006): 111–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.1.2.05qui.
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This study is based on a computerized corpus of advertisements published in the last twenty five years in North American magazines, and the translations of these advertisements for the French Canadian readership. Drawing primarily on work published in the area of cultural studies and on such concepts as low/high context cultures, high/low power distance cultures, universalism/particularism, individualism/collectivism, monochronic/ synchronic cultures, etc., this paper analyses some differences between the North American advertisements and their translated versions in the following areas : dietary practices, relationship between addresser and addressees, and social interactions.
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장청건 and LEE JOO YOUNG. "Study of impact of visual advertisement effects upon consumers -Printed foreign advertisements published after 2000-." Journal of Korea Design Knowledge ll, no. 22 (2012): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17246/jkdk.2012..22.007.
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Šustáčková, Věra. "PERSONAL ADVERTISEMENTS AS TEXT COLONIES: FEATURES AND TYPES OF COLONIES." Discourse and Interaction 9, no. 1 (2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/di2016-1-65.
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The genre of personal advertisements is relatively new; nevertheless, various branches of the social and linguistic sciences deal with this text type since personal advertisements refl ect social behaviour and attitudes and thus may provide information about language and society. The present paper studies personal advertisements from the perspective of text colonies and compares printed and online advertisements in order to explore the language manifestations of the communicative strategies employed by the two media. The study is carried out on advertisements published in The Times and placed on the dating website datingdirect.com.
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Mastroianni, Patricia de Carvalho, José Carlos Fernandes Galduróz, and Elisaldo Araujo Carlini. "Psychoactive drug advertising: a comparison of technical information from three countries: Brazil, United States and United Kingdom." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 123, no. 5 (2005): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802005000500002.
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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Studies carried out in the 1970s and 1980s showed that there were country-dependent disparities in the information given for the same drug in medical advertisements. National and international regulations have been published to do away with such disparities and to foster the rational use of drugs. The purpose of this study was to compare the information contained in psychoactive drug advertisements published in psychiatric journals in Brazil, the United States and the United Kingdom, before and subsequent to the publication of the United States Export Act, in 1986, the WHO criteria, in 1988, and the Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Agency Resolution no. 102, in 2000. TYPE OF STUDY AND SETTING: Content analysis, at Centro Brasileiro de Informações sobre Drogas Psicotrópicas (Cebrid). METHODS: We gathered advertisements from Brazilian, American and British psychiatry periodicals published before and after each ruling. We analyzed a total of twenty-four Brazilian advertisements that were for the same psychoactive drugs as advertised in American and/or British publications from the same period. RESULTS: We observed that Brazilian advertisements omitted information on usage restrictions, such as contraindications, adverse reactions, interactions, warnings and precautions, and that such information was present in American and British advertisements. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that disparities in the information given for the same drug still persist. The information depends on the country in which each drug is marketed. The legislation is insufficient for eradicating such disparities.
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Wayant, Cole, Greg Aran, and Matt Vassar. "Evaluation of selective outcome reporting bias in efficacy endpoints in print and television advertisements for oncology drugs." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e18179-e18179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e18179.
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e18179 Background: Drug advertisements marketed to consumers and healthcare providers have been the subject of recent debate, and the efficacy endpoints that underpin these advertisements may sway perceptions of drug efficacy. Methods: Using the AdPharm database we extracted data for oncology drug advertisements printed or aired between March 1, 2017 and September 1, 2018. Our primary objective was to evaluate endpoints from television and print advertisements and endpoints from the corresponding published papers. A secondary objective is to identify the frequency of drug advertisements that are aired or printed while overall survival data is immature. Results: We included 74 advertisements for 34 unique oncology drugs and 22 unique indications. Print ads were most common (n = 66) and most print ads were targeted to healthcare providers (n = 55, 83.3%). The 74 advertisements were underpinned by 48 published clinical trials. The primary endpoint of the 48 underpinning trials was most often PFS (n = 25), followed by OS (n = 11) and ORR (n = 7). Primary endpoints of underpinning trials were not reported in 8 (8/74, 10.8%) advertisements. Statistically significant endpoints were reported more often than nonsignificant endpoints (RR 1.42; 95% CI, 1.26 - 1.60). Thirty advertisements (42.3%) ran while OS data was immature. When OS and PFS were statistically significant, they were reported at a significantly higher rate than when not reported (each P < .001). ORR was not preferentially reported based on its statistical significance (RR 1.33; 95% CI, .94 - 1.87). Conclusions: Oncology drug advertisements appear to preferentially report statistically significant endpoints, which is highly suggestive of selective outcome reporting bias. By reporting only endpoints that achieve statistical significance, advertisers may encourage misconceived notions about a drug’s efficacy profile.
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Fernández-Ardèvol, Mireia, and Jordi Ferran Boleda. "Popularization through press advertisements: mobile telephony in Spain (1994–1999)." Journal of Science Communication 16, no. 03 (2017): A11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.16030211.
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This paper explores the combined effects of everyday life technological devices and advertisements in constituting an efficient way to scientific popularization. We, therefore, analyze mobile telephony advertisements published in a high-circulation Spanish newspaper — La Vanguardia — between 1994 and 1999. We identify content that promoted knowledge about the devices, the service, or the uses of this groundbreaking technology. Advertisements also attach attributes to technology — modernity, freedom, or efficiency. We suggest that the analysis of advertisements that promote everyday life digital devices allows a better understanding of what (digital) technology means to publics.
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Russomanno, Jennifer, Joanne G. Patterson, and Jennifer M. Jabson Tree. "Social Media Recruitment of Marginalized, Hard-to-Reach Populations: Development of Recruitment and Monitoring Guidelines." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 5, no. 4 (2019): e14886. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14886.
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Background Social media can be a useful strategy for recruiting hard-to-reach, stigmatized populations into research studies; however, it may also introduce risks for participant and research team exposure to negative comments. Currently, there is no published formal social media recruitment and monitoring guidelines that specifically address harm reduction for social media recruitment of marginalized populations. Objective The purpose of this research study was to investigate the utility, successes, challenges, and positive and negative consequences of using targeted Facebook advertisements as a strategy to recruit transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people into a research study. Methods TGNC adults living in the Southeast Unites States were recruited via targeted Facebook advertisements over two cycles in April and June 2017. During cycle 1, researchers only used inclusion terms to recruit the target population. During cycle 2, the social media recruitment and monitoring protocol and inclusion and exclusion terms were used. Results The cycle 1 advertisement reached 8518 people and had 188 reactions, comments, and shares but produced cyberbullying, including discriminatory comments from Facebook members. Cycle 2 reached fewer people (6976) and received 166 reactions, comments, and shares but produced mostly positive comments. Conclusions Researchers must consider potential harms of using targeted Facebook advertisements to recruit hard-to-reach and stigmatized populations. To minimize harm to participants and research staff, researchers must preemptively implement detailed social media recruitment and monitoring guidelines for monitoring and responding to negative feedback on targeted Facebook advertisements.
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Fidelis, Bruno Tomaselli, Jorge Henrique Caldeira Oliveira, Janaina de Moura Engracia Giraldi, and Renê Oliveira Joaquim Santos. "Sexual appeal in print media advertising: effects on brand recall and fixation time." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 21, no. 1 (2017): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-12-2016-0033.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of sexual appeal in print media on consumers’ brand recall. More specifically, the differences between the fixation time on the “image” and “logo” elements in advertisements, with and without sexual appeal, were verified. Design/methodology/approach The correct research is experimental in nature, and divided into three stages: choosing the print advertisements to be viewed by the participants with eye tracking, capturing participants’ eye movements using a special eye tracking equipment and completing the questionnaire for calculating the number of brands recalled by the participants. Findings The authors have identified that there are no statistically relevant differences between the number of brands recalled, whether the advertisement does or does not have any sexual appeal. Practical implications The use of sexual appeal in advertisements on print media must be made with caution, and several implications for the textile and apparel industry are expressed in the conclusions. Originality/value The study’s relevance is threefold: the authors present more recent results about the relationship between sexual appeal and brand recall, as the most recent research study of a similar type was published in the late 1990s; they adopt key concepts from the neuromarketing field in an attempt to connect memory with the capacity of different components of the advertisements, to attract the visual attention of consumers; and they present results for three different product categories (alcohol, apparel and perfume).
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Meers, Jed, and Caroline Hunter. "No children, no DSS, no students: online adverts and “property guardianship”." Journal of Property, Planning and Environmental Law 11, no. 3 (2019): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jppel-04-2019-0023.
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PurposeThose seeking a new place to live – especially in the private rented sector – now head online to do so. The platforms they use and adverts they see are an important source of information about the properties they will occupy and how their owners’ seek to project them. This paper aims to argue for the importance of property adverts as a source of data, using “property guardianship” to illustrate the value in the approach.Design/methodology/approachThe study draws on an analysis of 503 advertisements published on SpareRoom.co.uk – a leading property search engine – in July 2018.FindingsThe authors put forward four key areas of findings. The first two look at legal understanding, dealing with the context, the advertisement provides for eventual occupation (the “process of construction”) and any indications they provide of legal elements of occupation (“diagnostics”). The final two deal with the broader positioning of the sector, analysing the practice of excluding prospective occupiers, such as the widespread inclusion of “no Department of Social Security” seen elsewhere in the private rented sector, and how the adverts project a certain lifestyle to their viewer.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings demonstrate that further research into property advertisements would be valuable, particularly into other sub-markets in the private-rented sector, such as student accommodation and “professional” lets.Originality/valueThis study is the only analysis of property guardian advertisements and the first dedicated study of private rented sector advertisements in the UK.
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Schulte, Stephanie J. "Information Professional Job Advertisements in the U.K. Indicate Professional Experience is the Most Required Skill." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 4, no. 2 (2009): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8ts51.
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A Review of:
 Orme, Verity. “You will be…: A Study of Job Advertisements to Determine Employers’ Requirements for LIS Professionals in the UK in 2007.” Library Review 57.8 (2008): 619-33.
 
 Objective –To determine what skills employers in the United Kingdom (U.K.) want from information professionals as revealed through their job advertisements.
 
 Design – Content analysis, combining elements of both quantitative and qualitative content analysis. Orme describes it as “a descriptive non-experimental approach of content analysis” (62).
 
 Setting – Data for this study were obtained from job advertisements in the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professional’s (CILIP) Library and Information Gazette published from June 2006 through May 2007.
 
 Subjects – A total of 180 job advertisements.
 
 Methods – Job advertisements were selected using a random number generator, purposely selecting only 15 advertisements per first issue of each month of the Library and Information Gazette (published every two weeks). The author used several sources to create an initial list of skills required by information professionals, using such sources as prior studies that examined this topic, the Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA) database thesaurus, and personal knowledge. Synonyms for the skills were then added to the framework for coding. Skills that were coded had to be noted in such a way that the employer plainly stated the employee would be a certain skill or attribute or they were seeking a skill or a particular skill was essential or desirable. Skills that were stated in synonymous ways within the same advertisement were counted as two incidences of that skill. Duties for the position were not counted unless they were listed as a specific skill. Data were all coded by hand and then tallied. The author claims to have triangulated the results of this study with the literature review, the synonym ring used to prepare the coding framework, and a few notable studies.
 
 Main Results – A wide variety of job titles was observed, including “Copyright Clearance Officer,” “Electronic Resources and Training Librarian,” and “Assistant Information Advisor.” Employers represented private, school, and university libraries, as well as legal firms and prisons. Fifty-nine skills were found a total of 1,021 times across all of the advertisements. Each advertisement averaged 5.67 requirements. These skills were classified in four categories: professional, generic, personal, and experience. The most highly noted requirement was professional experience, noted 129 times, followed by interpersonal/communication skills (94), general computing skills (63), enthusiasm (48), and team-working skills (39). Professional skills were noted just slightly more than generic and personal skills in the top twenty skills found. Other professional skills that were highly noted were customer service skills (34), chartership (30), cataloguing/classification/metadata skills (25), and information retrieval skills (20). Some notable skills that occurred rarely included Web design and development skills (6), application of information technology in the library (5), and knowledge management skills (3).
 
 Conclusion – Professional, generic, and personal qualities were all important to employers in the U.K.; however, without experience, possessing these qualities may not be enough for new professionals in the field.
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Diep, Dion, Abnoos Mosleh-Shirazi, and Joel Lexchin. "Quality of advertisements for prescription drugs in family practice medical journals published in Australia, Canada and the USA with different regulatory controls: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 10, no. 7 (2020): e034993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034993.
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ObjectiveTo assess if different forms of regulation lead to differences in the quality of journal advertisements.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsThirty advertisements from family practice journals published from 2013 to 2015 were extracted for three countries with distinct regulatory pharmaceutical promotion systems: Australia, Canada and the USA.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAdvertisements under each regulatory system were compared concerning three domains: information included in the advertisement, references to scientific evidence and pictorial appeals and portrayals. An overall ranking for advertisement quality among countries was determined using the first two domains as the information assessed has been associated with more appropriate prescribing.ResultsAdvertisements varied significantly for number of claims with quantitative benefit (Australia: 0.0 (0.0–3.0); Canada: 0.0 (0.0–5.0); USA: 1.0 (0.0–6.0); p=0.01); statistical method used in reporting benefit (relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction and number needed to treat; Australia: 6.7%, n=2; Canada: 10.0%, n=3; USA: 36.6%, n=11; p=0.02); mention of adverse effects, warnings or contraindications (Australia: 13.3%, n=4; Canada: 23.3%, n=7; USA: 53.3%, n=16; p=0.002); equal prominence between safety and benefit information (Australia: 25.0%, n=1; Canada: 28.6%, n=2; USA: 75.0%, n=12; p=0.04); and methodological quality of references score (Australia: 0.4150 (0.25–0.70); Canada: 0.25 (0.00–0.63); USA: 0.25 (0.00–0.75); p<0.001). The USA ranked first, Canada second and Australia third for overall quality of journal advertisements. Significant differences for humour appeals (Australia: 3.3%, n=1; Canada: 13.3%, n=4; USA: 26.7%, n=8; p=0.04), positive emotional appeals (Australia: 26.7%, n=8; Canada: 60.0%, n=18; USA: 50.0%, n=15; p=0.03), social approval portrayals (Australia: 0.0%, n=0; Canada: 0.0%, n=0; USA: 10.0%, n=3; p=0.04) and lifestyle or work portrayals (Australia: 43.3%, n=13; Canada: 50.0%, n=15; USA: 76.7%, n=23; p=0.02) were found among countries.ConclusionsDifferent regulatory systems influence journal advertisement quality concerning all measured domains. However, differences may also be attributed to other regulatory, legal, cultural or health system factors unique to each country.
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Charan, Jaykaran, Deepak Saxena, Preeti Yadav, and ND Kantharia. "Drug advertisements published in Indian Medical Journals: Are they ethical?" Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 3, no. 3 (2011): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.84449.
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Friedlich, Daniel L., Paul J. Feustel, and A. John Popp. "Workforce demand for neurosurgeons in the United States of America: a 13-year retrospective study." Neurosurgical Focus 6, no. 4 (1999): E1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.1999.6.4.1.
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Object The workforce demand for neurosurgeons was quantified by a review and an analysis of journal recruitment advertisements published over the past 13 years. Methods A retrospective analysis of recruitment advertisements from July 1985 through June 1998 was performed by examining issues of the Journal of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgery. Advertisement information that appeared in each journal during the last 3 years was collected from alternating months (July to May); information that appeared prior to that time was collected from alternating recruitment years back to 1985. The authors examined the following workforce parameters: practice venue, subspecialization, and practice size. They found no significant decrease in neurosurgical recruitment advertisements. There was an average of 102.7 ± 22.4 (standard deviation) advertised positions per year during the most recent 3 years compared with 92.6 ± 17.9 advertised positions per year during the preceding decade. Similarly, there has been no decline in advertised positions either in academic (33 ± 6.1/year for the most recent 3 years compared with 32.8 ± 5.9/year for 1985–1995) or private practice (69.7 ± 21.6/year for the most recent 3 years compared with 59.8 ± 13.4/year for 1985–1995). A shift in demand toward subspecialty neurosurgery was observed. During the past 3 years, 31.2 ± 5.9% of advertised positions called for subspecialty expertise, compared with 18.5 ± 2.8% for the preceding decade (p < 0.05). The largest number of subspecialty advertisements designated positions for spine and pediatric neurosurgeons. Private practice advertisements increasingly sought to add neurosurgeons to group practices. Conclusions Contrary to previous reports and a prevailing myth, our data show no decrease in workforce demand for neurosurgeons in the United States over the past 3 years compared with the prior decade. A shift toward subspecialist recruitment, particularly for spine neurosurgeons, has been demonstrated in both academic and private practice venues.
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Friedlich, Daniel L., Paul J. Feustel, and A. John Popp. "Workforce demand for neurosurgeons in the United States of America: a 13-year retrospective study." Journal of Neurosurgery 90, no. 6 (1999): 993–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1999.90.6.0993.
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Object. The workforce demand for neurosurgeons was quantified by a review and an analysis of journal recruitment advertisements published over the past 13 years.Methods. A retrospective analysis of recruitment advertisements from July 1985 through June 1998 was performed by examining issues of the Journal of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgery. Advertisement information that appeared in each journal during the last 3 years was collected from alternating months (July to May); information that appeared prior to that time was collected from alternating recruitment years back to 1985. The authors examined the following workforce parameters: practice venue, subspecialization, and practice size.They found no significant decrease in neurosurgical recruitment advertisements. There was an average of 102.7 ± 22.4 (standard deviation) advertised positions per year during the most recent 3 years compared with 92.6 ± 17.9 advertised positions per year during the preceding decade. Similarly, there has been no decline in advertised positions either in academic (33 ± 6.1/year for the most recent 3 years compared with 32.8 ± 5.9/year for 1985–1995) or private practice (69.7 ± 21.6/year for the most recent 3 years compared with 59.8 ± 13.4/year for 1985–1995). A shift in demand toward subspecialty neurosurgery was observed. During the past 3 years, 31.2 ± 5.9% of advertised positions called for subspecialty expertise, compared with 18.5 ± 2.8% for the preceding decade (p < 0.05). The largest number of subspecialty advertisements designated positions for spine and pediatric neurosurgeons. Private practice advertisements increasingly sought to add neurosurgeons to group practices.Conclusions. Contrary to previous reports and a prevailing myth, our data show no decrease in workforce demand for neurosurgeons in the United States over the past 3 years compared with the prior decade. A shift toward subspecialist recruitment, particularly for spine neurosurgeons, has been demonstrated in both academic and private practice venues.
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Roose, Gudrun, Maggie Geuens, and Iris Vermeir. "From informational towards transformational advertising strategies? A content analysis of Belgian food magazine advertisements." British Food Journal 120, no. 6 (2018): 1170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2017-0559.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to perform a preliminary examination of informational and transformational advertising appeals in contemporary advertisements for healthy and unhealthy foods.Design/methodology/approachWestern (European) food advertisements published in Belgian food magazines were content analyzed to identify informational and transformational advertising appeals. Belgian food advertising was selected as an adequate representation of Western (European) food advertising because marketing in Belgium is permeated by international influences (cf. Belgian Federal Government). Advertisements were sampled from three magazines over a period of five years, from January 2009 to December 2013. The sample comprised 325 unique advertisements, including 159 for healthy foods and 166 for unhealthy foods.FindingsThe results of the content analysis indicated that healthy food advertisements in Belgium are mainly informational, whereas unhealthy food advertisements are mainly transformational.Originality/valueThis preliminary examination of informational and transformational advertising appeals in contemporary healthy food and unhealthy food advertisements shows that healthy food advertisements in Belgium are mainly informational, whereas the segment of consumers which is precarious – people low-involved with healthy food – are mainly attracted by transformational advertising appeals. The contrasting transformational strategy of unhealthy-food advertisements can provide inspiration for healthy food advertisers to help increase healthy food consumption.
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Kumar, Prashant. "Intents of green advertisements." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 29, no. 1 (2017): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-03-2016-0044.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore intents of green advertisements. Design/methodology/approach Using NVivo, a convenient sample of 237 green print advertisements published between August 2010 and July 2015 in leading Indian newspapers and magazines were content analysed. Findings Four types of intents of green advertisements were identified: intent to communicate corporate environmental approaches; intent to develop believability towards environmental claims; intent to inform consumers; and intent to engage consumers. Research limitations/implications This study explored intents of green advertisements and elaborated upon strategic importance of content in green advertising. Practical implications The intent-based exploration of green advertisements indicates marketing managers of green products the importance of: expanding their advertising framework that incorporates sharing environmental vision and mission of their companies with consumers, and relating them with consumers’ needs and demands; inculcating functional, emotional and experiential elements in green advertisements that facilitate green product experience to the consumers; and active interactions between marketing managers and consumers for effectively capturing market-related information, and accordingly shaping their short- and long-term marketing and advertising decisions. Originality/value This study is unique to determine intents of green advertisements.
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Hartati, Rita, Ebrahim Panah, and Hafizan Matsom. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Use of Metaphor in Online Car Advertisements." SALTeL Journal (Southeast Asia Language Teaching and Learning) 4, no. 2 (2021): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35307/saltel.v4i2.77.
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The objectives of the current study are threefold: a) to investigate what types of metaphors are used in Arab and Western car advertisements and why they use them, b) to explore how metaphors are used in Arab and Western car advertisements, and c) to explore how cultural attributes are used along with metaphors in Arab and Western car advertisements. The study adopted a descriptive approach through content analysis using three models: cultural (Hofstede, 2005), metaphorical (Lankoff & Johnson, 1980), and contrastive discourse analysis (Farclough's, 2001), approaches to analyze the data. The study sample comprised 30 car advertisements from Holland, France, Germany, Italy, the US, and Arab countries, each with five advertisements published online in 2016. The findings of the study show that car advertisements frequently use metaphorical strategies. In addition, the study revealed differences between Arab and Western advertisements in terms of the employment of cultural attributes. Finally, the study also indicated that even within the Western context, there is a different use of metaphorical strategies with subtle differences.
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Yu, Seung Yeob, Eun-A. Park, and Minjung Sung. "Cosmetics Advertisements in Women's Magazines: a Cross-Cultural Analysis of China and Korea." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 43, no. 4 (2015): 685–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.4.685.
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We analyzed the content of cosmetics advertisements in women's magazines published in China and Korea and compared the Chinese ideal of beauty and psychosocial values to those of Korea. Our analysis of 341 advertisements showed that 62% of Korean advertisements were for domestic brands, and 46.2% depicted Korean models, with 19.3% depicting white models, whereas 75% of the Chinese cosmetics advertisements were for international brands, and 26.5% of them featured Chinese models, with 32.7% depicting white models. The results indicate that advertisers in the Chinese magazines more strongly presented Western images as ideals of beauty than did advertisers in Korean magazines. We also found that a high number of cosmetics advertisements in the Chinese magazines contained price information and emphasized psychosocial values, such as activeness and self-confidence, which were less common in advertisements in the Korean magazines. The results imply that Chinese consumers expect concrete product benefits and are more likely to aspire to Western-type beauty than are Korean consumers.
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Rahmayanti, Indah, and Alvi Fajar. "Sosiopragmatik Imperatif Iklan pada Media Sosial." Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya 3, no. 1 (2020): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v3i1.37.
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This study aims to determine the imperative sociopragmatics form on social media ads Instagram, Facebook and Line published in April-May 2018. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. The results of the analysis of this study reveal that there are 41 imperative sociopragmatic forms of 30 advertisements used as imperative sociopragmatics analysis material on social media Instagram, Facebook, and LINE. The imperative sociopragmatics forms which have been analyzed are 19 advertisements in the form of imperative sociopragmatic, 2 advertisements in the form of imperative sociopragmatic demand, there are no ads in the form of imperative sociopragmatic licensing, 9 advertisements in the form of imperative sociopragmatic invitations, 11 advertisements in the form of imperative sociopragmatic orders. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that the form of sociopragmatics that often arises is ordinary sociopragmatics.
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Umar, Mehreen, and Sarwet Rasul. "Gender Representation And Identity Construction In Pakistani Print Advertisements Of Clothing Brands: A Socio- Semiotic Analysis." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 11, no. 1 (2015): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v11i1.214.
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The linguistic choices and graphical representations used in Pakistani print advertisements offer an interesting dimension in studying the ways in which gender identities are constructed. This study focuses on the nature of gender representation in Pakistan print advertisements of clothing brands and examines the general attributes given to men and women in Pakistani print advertisements. The purpose of the study is to explore the ways in which the print advertisements serve as a tool to construct, communicate and reinforce the long standing perceptions about gender identities. For this purpose a total of 102 advertisements are selected from a Pakistani weekly magazine Daily Times Sunday Magazine. Data is collected from 8 issues of this magazine published over a period of two months. All the advertisements of various clothing brands are taken to study how male and female identities are constructed and represented in the advertisements. A socio-semiotic approach to discourse analysis is used to study discourse, signs, symbols and other extra linguistic (semiotic) features used in the advertisements to construct and represent gender identities and to examine how the male and female models are portrayed in these advertisements with respect to style, posture, attitude, gaze, age, identity etc. The paper provides useful insights into the phenomena of gender representation and identity construction in the current Pakistani context.
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Karki, Yajur. "Agathokakological Aspect of Alcohol Advertising in Newspapers." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 8, no. 3 (2021): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v8i3.37708.
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Nepal has a perennial history with the culture of alcohol and it is mostly seen as a form of social capital. Alcohol usage has been inextricable with local cultures, i.e., festivals. The current study aims to investigate aspects of alcohol advertising in newspapers using content analysis. The study focuses on unraveling the ideologies of liquor advertisers in boosting alcohol promotion mostly among the youth. Ostensibly, the boosterism of alcohol advertisements has been concomitant in an attempt to establish it as a mass culture. Consumerism remains the central theme of global contemporary societies and the fundamentals of capitalism are characterized by oligopolistic standards. Facets of such attempt to create a culture revolving around alcohol by injecting messages through advertisements to specific age groups. Forty random private newspapers and twenty state newspapers are taken into consideration and simplified into a coding form to test the two hypotheses. Variables such as themes of advertisement, age, published days, messages espoused, alcohol types, and types of advertisements have been independently tested for correlation. The research has highlighted that advertisers tend to promote alcohol as a form of reinforcing different cultures with the sales of alcohol. Also, there have been frequent reported attempts to magnify use of alcohol during weekends for tranquility from rigid bureaucratic norms. Waves of global cultures have also been associated with alcohol promotion as means of celebration Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 8, Issue-3: 408-415.
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Balakrishnan, Janarthanan, and Jeevananthan Manickavasagam. "User Disposition and Attitude towards Advertisements Placed in Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and YouTube." Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 14, no. 3 (2016): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2016070102.
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An analytical understanding of user response to advertisements published in social media websites is very interesting from both academic and marketing perspectives. Present research administers two studies; study 1; explores user perceptions of advertisements in four areas of social media, viz. social networking (Facebook), business networking (LinkedIn), microblogging (Twitter) and video sharing (YouTube) dependent to their demographic and lifestyle characteristics, study 2; empirically identifies is there any significant mean difference with the perceived advertising value and attitude across the four social media websites. The data culled from 710 usable responses were used to empirically examine the objectives of this research. The decision tree technique (classification tree) using CHAID criterion and MANOVA was employed to study 1 and study 2 respectively. The results identified that; the four sites showed differing patterns of user attitude towards advertisements published in them (b) both advertising value and attitude compositely differ across the four social media websites.
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Wishnawa, Anak Agung Gede Hari, I. Nengah Sudipa, and Ni Wayan Sukarini. "Semiotics Approach on Verbal Signs in Would You Care More IF I Was A Panda?" Humanis 25, no. 1 (2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2021.v25.i01.p09.
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This study is aimed at identifying the verbal signs with their mode and connotative meaning of an advertisement. The data of this study was a wildlife advertisement entitled Would You Care More IF I Was A Panda? (2011) created by Ogilvy and published by World Wild Life. The data were collected using documentation method with note-taking technique. The data were analyzed qualitatively using Peirce’s semiotic theory to identify the verbal signs with their mode and Leech meaning theory to analyze the connotative meaning of the sign. The result of this study shown that there were three verbal signs found in the advertisements that belong to symbolic signs in the form of the combination of alphabets. The verbal signs consist of representamen, interpretant, and object. The connotative meanings are expressed in words, phrases, or sentences with the interpretation based on knowledge, emotion, and imagination. 
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Lupton, Deborah. "The Construction of Patienthood in Medical Advertising." International Journal of Health Services 23, no. 4 (1993): 805–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/fpdh-cxkd-rjh3-8rej.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the dominant symbolic elements, themes, and discourses used in drug advertisements published in a weekly magazine directed toward physicians. The discussion is concerned with both the visual signs and textual format of the advertisements, analyzing their attempts to create images around the drugs that appeal to the medical readership of the magazine. With the premise that the producers of the advertisements drew upon shared knowledge and belief systems of their medical audience to create a meaningful image for the drugs, the focus of the article is upon the portrayal of patients in the advertisements, with particular interest in gendered representations. The author argues that the way in which patients are portrayed visually and verbally in such advertisements is revealing of the ideological dimension of the doctor-patient relationship within the biomedical system of healing, including notions of the mechanical man and the vulnerable woman as archetypal patients.
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Alt, Mónika Anetta, Zsuzsa Săplăcan, and József Berács. "Managerial framework for bank advertising." International Journal of Bank Marketing 37, no. 7 (2019): 1547–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-10-2018-0288.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to create a managerial framework for selecting the most effective bank advertisement appeal for different financial services. Financial services were classified based on the FCB grid: high/low involvement and think/feel decision. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected from 62 banks with content analysis based on 1,514 unique print advertisements, published between 2006 and 2014 in national newspapers in Romania and Hungary. The ads were coded, based on Pollay’s appeals, and then a cluster analysis was performed to identify appeal and financial service clusters. Findings The results revealed ten bank-specific appeals which can be used for advertising four different banking services categories. All type of savings and loans for B2B are advertised with quality appeals (safety, productivity); current account and card, personal/home loans are advertised with financial value appeals (convenient, cheap); corporate branding with emotional appeals (affiliation, distinctive, enjoyment); and services with mixed appeals. Research limitations/implications The study could be extended for different target market, creative strategy, other media and more countries. Practical implications The paper provides guidelines on how the FCB grid could be extended for bank services to recommend specific appeals for each category. Originality/value The financial service literature proposes guidelines regarding bank advertisements. However, the recommended advertisement appeals were not linked to different bank services. This paper creates a comprehensive managerial framework in order to match the bank’s specific appeals with different bank services.
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VAN DEN BERSSELAAR, DMITRI. "WHO BELONGS TO THE ‘STAR PEOPLE’? NEGOTIATING BEER AND GIN ADVERTISEMENTS IN WEST AFRICA, 1949–75." Journal of African History 52, no. 3 (2011): 385–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185371100048x.
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ABSTRACTThis article explores the different trajectories of advertising for schnapps gin and beer in Ghana and Nigeria during the period of decolonisation and independence up to 1975. It analyses published newspaper advertisements alongside correspondence, advertising briefs, and market research reports found in business archives. Advertising that promoted a ‘modern’ life-style worked for beer, but not for gin. This study shows how advertisements became the product of negotiations between foreign companies, local businesses, and consumers. It provides insights into the development of advertising in West Africa, the differing ways in which African consumers attached meanings to specific commodities, and possibilities for the use of advertisements as sources for African history.
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McCarthy, Mary. "The changing nature of advertisements in The Freeman's Journal: a case study, 1763-1924." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 6, no. 1 (2014): 131–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-06-2013-0031.
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Purpose – The aim of this paper is to examine the nature of newspaper advertisements published in the Irish newspaper The Freeman's Journal. This is approached by examining the construction of a selection of printed advertisements, including the strategies used in each, which appeared in The Freeman's Journal between 1763 and 1924. Design/methodology/approach – The central primary source used is The Freeman's Journal and the selected advertisements. A number of primary and secondary sources are employed in the analysis of the featured advertisements in respect to the format, language and marketing strategies used in each. Findings – The case study finds that there were a number of constants in the advertisements examined, as well as a number of advertising strategies employed from the eighteenth century onward, that have more commonly been associated with the 1918 to 1939 interwar period. It also found that the use of illustrations did not solely depend on twentieth century printing advances, but that printing developments did much to expand and progress advertising in Ireland. Originality/value – This case study explores a little researched area in Irish advertising history.
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Boudewyns, Vanessa, and Pamela A. Williams. "Content analysis of comparative claims in drug advertisements." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 10, no. 3 (2016): 302–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-09-2014-0055.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe the trends and practices of comparative prescription drug advertising by examining the types of comparative claims made in direct-to-consumer (DTC) and direct-to-physician (DTP) print advertisements. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a content analysis of 54 DTC and DTP print prescription drug advertisements (published between 1997 and 2014) with comparative claims. Findings Efficacy-based comparisons appeared in 64 per cent of advertisements, and attribute-based comparisons appeared in 37 per cent of advertisements. Most advertisements made direct (vs indirect) references to competitors (85 per cent), compared the advertised drug to a single (vs multiple) competitor (78 per cent), focused exclusively on one type of comparison claim (i.e. efficacy-, risk- or attribute-based) (70 per cent) and did not contain data-driven visual aids (82 per cent). Some differences between DTC and DTP advertisements emerged. More DTP than DTC advertisements included data-driven visual aids (82 per cent vs 0 per cent, respectively), included numerical data (88 per cent vs 53 per cent) and conveyed statistical significance (52 per cent vs 12 per cent). Research limitations/implications The study used a convenience sample rather than a random sample of advertisements; thus, the findings might not be generalizable to all pharmaceutical DTC and DTP advertisements. Examining the tactics that advertisers use to educate and influence consumers and physicians sets the foundation for future studies that examine the effects of their exposure to comparative claims. Suggestions for future research are discussed. Originality/value This study is the first to examine and statistically compare the comparative advertising tactics used in both consumer and physician prescription drug advertisements.
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Min, Wang, and Mansour Amini. "Pragmatic Presuppositions in Chinese Skin-Whitening Advertisements." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI6 (January 30, 2019): 1105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.1105.1110.
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Advertisements are used as a tool to build the communication bridge between producers and consumers, utilising cultural values and traditions. Applying presuppositions in advertisements helps to convey a message in a short and memorable way. While several pragmatic studies explored English advertisements and pragmatic presuppositions and triggers have been studied in countries like U.S.A, Malaysia, and Indonesia, no study addressed the presuppositions and triggers in skin-whitening advertisements in China. Thus, this study employed a mixed method, quantitative and qualitative designs, to investigate the pragmatic presuppositions and pragmatic presupposition triggers, and to identify the advertisers’ preference of pragmatic presupposition(s) and trigger(s) in the advertisements. The corpus was 34 print skin-whitening advertisements form Ray Li magazine, published in China from January to December 2017. After data collection, the advertisements were translated by an official translation agency in China. Yule’s (1996) six types of pragmatic presuppositions and Valeika and Verikaite’s (2010) ten types of triggers were used as data analysis framework. The findings revealed that all six types of pragmatic presuppositions, and only seven types of triggers were used in the advertisements. ‘Factive’ pragmatic presupposition, and ‘referring phrases’ of triggers were the most preferred types. The findings of this study may benefit advertisers to produce more language-effective advertisements in the very competitive Chinese market of women’s products. English language instructors and students could use this study to teach/learn about effective persuasive speech strategies in the advertisements. This study could raise awareness among consumers in analyzing the information about products. Future researchers are recommended to conduct similar studies on beauty advertisements in other languages and among other Asian countries, such as Korea and Japan, which have high consumption of beauty products.
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Souza, Amanda Maria Bicudo de. "Women’s representations in advertisements: conceptual explorations / As representações das mulheres em propagandas: explorações conceptuais." REVISTA DE ESTUDOS DA LINGUAGEM 28, no. 2 (2020): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.28.2.747-776.
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Abstract: Unlike traditional visions show, metaphors are present not only in literary language, but also in everyday, scientific and philosophical languages. It is through the metaphors that we conceptualize the world and understand the most abstract concepts that we have. Based on this premise, this study investigates the conceptual metaphors found in advertisements of women’s magazines, based on the theories: the theory of conceptual metaphor proposed by Lakoff and Johnson (2002), considerations of Kovecses (2002) about this theory and particular character of metaphors in advertisements, as proposed by Velasco-Sacristán (2010) and Ungerer (2003). The purposes of this research are to examine how the metaphors conceptualize the product advertised and how they reveal the social representation of women. The research was done through analysis of four advertisements taken from the magazines: Nova (Dec. 2008), Marie Claire (Oct. 2008), Cláudia (July 2009) and one advertisement taken from a website, published in 2020. The results show that conceptual metaphors are tools used by propagandists in the creation of advertisements based on stereotypes, representations and ideologies of particular group to which the advertisement is intended. Such resources tend to persuade the reader to purchase the product released.Keywords: metaphor; conceptual metaphor; advertisements.Resumo: Ao contrário do que mostram visões tradicionais, a metáfora não está presente somente na linguagem literária, mas também nas linguagens: cotidiana, científica e filosófica. É por meio das metáforas que nós conceptualizamos o mundo e compreendemos a maioria dos conceitos abstratos que temos. Com base nesse postulado, o presente estudo investiga as metáforas conceptuais presentes em propagandas de revistas femininas, tendo como pressupostos teóricos: a teoria da Metáfora Conceptual, proposta por Lakoff e Johnson (2002), as considerações de Kovecses (2002) acerca dessa teoria e o caráter particular das metáforas em propagandas, como proposto por Velasco-Sacristán (2010) e Ungerer (2003). Os objetivos dessa investigação são verificar o modo como as metáforas conceptualizam o produto divulgado e em que medida elas revelam a representação social da mulher. A pesquisa foi realizada através da análise de duas propagandas, retiradas das revistas: Nova (dez. 2008) e Marie Claire (out. 2008). Os resultados mostram que as metáforas conceptuais são ferramentas utilizadas pelos propagandistas na elaboração das propagandas, com base em estereótipos, representações e ideologias de determinado público-alvo ao qual a propaganda é destinada. Tais recursos tendem a persuadir o leitor a adquirir o produto divulgado.Palavras-chave: metáfora; metáfora conceptual; propagandas.
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Laczniak, Russell N., Darrel D. Muehling, and Les Carlson. "Mothers’ Attitudes toward 900-Number Advertising Directed at Children." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 14, no. 1 (1995): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569501400110.
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Although advertising directed at children has been a highly researched topic, no published studies to date have specifically investigated advertisements that encourage children to call 900-telephone numbers. As a result, the authors study parents’ attitudes toward such advertisements (and other promotional activities) directed at children. Their findings on the basis of responses from over 370 mothers in three distinct regions of the United States suggest that parents are extremely negative toward advertisers’ use of 900-numbers in children's advertising. In fact, their results indicate that maternal attitudes toward these advertisements are substantially more negative than other controversial promotional activities directed at children (e.g., toy-based programs). The authors also find that parental attitudes were largely unaffected by demographic, media usage, and parental style factors.
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Curry, Timothy Jon, Jeff Jarosch, and Shelley Pacholok. "Are Direct to Consumer Advertisments of Prescription Drugs Educational?: Comparing 1992 to 2002." Journal of Drug Education 35, no. 3 (2005): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1vak-bcng-ehcc-bvld.
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We investigate the educational value of direct-to-consumer (DTC) prescription drug advertisements from 58 popular magazines published in 1992 and 2002. We find that the number of DTC prescription drug ads increased nine-fold from 1992 to 2002, while the advertisements for other health care products increased only slightly. We examine changes in 1992–2002 DTC prescription drug ads both quantitatively and qualitatively. We find that the educational value as it relates to serious medical conditions decreases over time based on the media logic that the primary purpose of advertisements is to promote consumption, rather than education. We enumerate and describe the media logic tactics employed, and find a statistically significant increase in the number of such tactics per ad in 2002.
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Johnson, Emily. "“Who Would Know Better Than the Girls in White?” Nurses as Experts in Postwar Magazine Advertising, 1945–1950." Nursing History Review 20, no. 1 (2012): 46–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1062-8061.20.46.
Full textAbstract:
American advertising in the period immediately following the Second World War portrayed nurses as trusted advisers and capable professionals and frequently pictured them performing skilled work, including dispensing medicine and assisting in surgery. Advertisements published in a range of magazines whose target audiences varied by gender, race, age, and class show that nurses in postwar advertisements embodied two broad categories of representation: (a) medical authority, scientific progress, and hospital cleanliness; and (b) feminine expertise, especially in female and family health. Typically portrayed as young white women—although older nurses were occasionally depicted and black nurses appeared in advertisements intended for black audiences—nurses were especially prominent in advertisements for menstrual and beauty products, as well as products related to children’s health. Although previous scholarly examinations of nurses in postwar mass media have emphasized their portrayal as hypersexual and incompetent, this investigation posits postwar advertising as a forum that emphasized nurses’ professionalism, as well as complex expectations surrounding women’s professional and domestic roles.