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Academic literature on the topic 'Aerial photography in land reform'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Aerial photography in land reform"

Denner, Michele, and Jacobus H. Raubenheimer. "Assessing a potential solution for spatially referencing of historical aerial photography in South Africa." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-26-2018.

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Historical aerial photography has become a valuable commodity in any country, as it provides a precise record of historical land management over time. In a developing country, such as South Africa, that has undergone enormous political and social change over the last years, such photography is invaluable as it provides a clear indication of past injustices and serves as an aid to addressing post-apartheid issues such as land reform and land redistribution. National mapping organisations throughout the world have vast repositories of such historical aerial photography. In order to effectively use these datasets in today’s digital environment requires that it be georeferenced to an accuracy that is suitable for the intended purpose. Using image-to-image georeferencing techniques, this research sought to determine the accuracies achievable for ortho-rectifying large volumes of historical aerial imagery, against the national standard for ortho-rectification in South Africa, using two different types of scanning equipment. The research conducted four tests using aerial photography from different time epochs over a period of sixty years, where the ortho-rectification matched each test to an already ortho-rectified mosaic of a developed area of mixed land use. The results of each test were assessed in terms of visual accuracy, spatial accuracy and conformance to the national standard for ortho-rectification in South Africa. The results showed a decrease in the overall accuracy of the image as the epoch range between the historical image and the reference image increased. Recommendations on the applications possible given the different epoch ranges and scanning equipment used are provided.

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Wu, F. "Polycentric Urban Development and Land-Use Change in a Transitional Economy: The Case of Guangzhou." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 30, no. 6 (June 1998): 1077–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a301077.

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Since economic reform in 1979 China has witnessed dramatic changes. In particular, the adoption of the new land leasing system in 1987 has led to the transformation of the urban internal structure of this country. Perhaps because of the lack of data, empirical studies lag far behind the rapid urban development and land-use changes currently taking place in China. In this paper the author attempts to examine empirically land-use changes in a fast growing city—Guangzhou—by analyzing data obtained from aerial photographs. The author suggests that some new characteristics have emerged in the distribution of land-use change since the introduction of land reform. Polycentric urban development, a phenomenon that has been attracting wide research attention in Western contexts, has also appeared in the transitional economy. The author demonstrates that besides population density, housing and land value, and firm location, land-use change can be used as a prompt and reliable indicator of polycentric urban development. A range of policy implications are briefly outlined.

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Tamrakar, Rabindra Man. "A Prospect of Digital Airborne Photogrammetry Approach for Cadastral Mapping in Nepal." Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal 11 (December 3, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njg.v11i0.23109.

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Although the history of land recording system is very old in Nepal, systemic cadastral survey was commenced only after the promulgation of Land Measurement Acts in 1963 and the implementation of land reform programme in 1964. Cadastral survey of all 75 districts of Nepal was completed in 1995/96 using traditional graphical method with plane tables and telescopic/plane alidades. Derived information from the existing maps now are outdated and do not fulfill the needs of the general public. 27 out of the 83 district survey offices under Survey Department, Government of Nepal are presently involved in cadastral mapping of the village block areas which previously have been left out in the first phase of surveys (1964-1996). These offices as well are engaged in the preparation of new mapping series of the districts using the same traditional graphical survey method. The speed of this survey is relatively slow and the general public also is not very satisfied with this resurveying method. People now are soliciting for updated and reliable land information based on new cadastral maps due to greater demand for land market and higher land values. Now the time has come to adopt an appropriate innovative approach for resurveying in the country in order to meet the growing public demands on reliable land information system as well as to provide prompt services. Although various technologies in cadastral mapping are currently available, digital airborne photogrammetry using aerial photographs probably could be an appropriate technology for resurveying in Nepal, especially in the hilly districts for developing accurate and reliable land information system.

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Robertson, V. C. "AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND PROPER LAND UTILISATION." Photogrammetric Record 1, no. 6 (August 26, 2006): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1955.tb01034.x.

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Bawden, M. P. "APPLICATIONS OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY IN LAND SYSTEM MAPPING." Photogrammetric Record 5, no. 30 (August 26, 2006): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1967.tb00897.x.

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LITVINOV, Denis V. "MODERN METHODS TO AERO PHOTOFILMING IN THE ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING ANALYSIS OF THE URBAN AREA." Urban construction and architecture 5, no. 1 (February 15, 2015): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2015.01.6.

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In article the modern aerial photography from unmanned aerial vehicles as one of methods of the analysis of city building and the territory in design and exploration work is considered. A number of advantages of aerial photography before land photographing is allocated. The retrospective analysis of aerial photography, allowing to track its development from amateur to the professional is carried out. Its application in town planning, reconstruction and new construction is defined. Two main types of aerial photography, used in construction planned and, - perspective are allocated.

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Kyselov, Yurii, Mykhailo Shemiakin, Petro Borovyk, Serhii Kononenko, and Marharyta Melnyk. "GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY, AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY." GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY, AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 93,2021, no. 93 (June 23, 2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/istcgcap2021.93.042.

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Aim. The aim of the proposed research is to substantiate the scientific and practical significance of calculating centers of states and regions territories , to conduct a historical review of centrographic research in Ukraine and in the world in the context of evolution of their methodology, to establish geodetic coordinates of the set of points lying on the line of the land state border and coastlines along the seas, and to determine the center of dead weight of the territory of Ukraine as the center of gravity of the broken polygon formed by state territory contours (geodesic center of Ukraine). Methods. In calculating the geodesic center of Ukraine, the authors used a method (in their own interpretation) of determining the center of gravity of the territory, proposed by Jean-Georges Affholder and tested by him in establishing the center of Europe. Results. The history of centrographic research is more than 250 years old, but only in the last-half century they have acquired a proper scientific character, becoming a solid geodesic base. The main milestones in the formation of the centrographic dimension in context of determining the centers of a number of leading world countries and the evolution of research methods are presented. It is established that it is necessary to distinguish the geometric, geographical and geodesic centers of territories, which differ in method of definition and level of accuracy stipulated by calculations requirements. Each of the recognized centers of the territory of Ukraine has its own significance and justification. Scientific novelty. A historical review of definition of the territories centers in the world and in Ukraine has been made. A method of calculating the center of territory gravity of Ukraine as the center of a broken landfill formed by its contours, including the land state border and coastline, is proposed. The concept of "geodesic center" has been introduced to denote the center of territory gravity, which describes a polygonal, including irregular, figure. The location and exact coordinates of the geodesic center of Ukraine, located in the Novoukrayinsky district of Kirovohrad region, has been established. Practical significance . Specifying the location of territories centers is important in terms of optimizing location of manufacturing facilities and infrastructure, as well as potential tourism facilities. The methods used in calculating territories centers of Ukraine can be used not only in conducting similar studies for administrative regions, but also in newly created districts, united territorial communities, etc.

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Pavlov, V. I. "Aerial photography of the water area." Geodesy and Cartography 956, no. 2 (March 20, 2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2020-956-2-18-24.

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During the development of water resources the characteristics of excitement, direction, and flow velocity, depth, points of bottom, temperature and chemical composition of water is to be taken into account. Some of these indicators are determined through the results of measuring single aerial photographs and their stereoscopic pairs. Making aerial photography (APS) of water surface on technology for topographic land survey enables obtaining only single overlapping aerial photographs, as the water surface is in constant motion. Stereoscopic pairs of aerial photographs can be obtained if photographing is performed simultaneously by two aerial cameras (AFA) with close elements of internal orientation. The author considers two technological schemes of using two AFA in aerial photography of water space

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Doskich, Sofiia. "GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY, AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY." GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY, AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 93,2021, no. 93 (June 23, 2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/istcgcap2021.93.035.

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The emergence of satellite observations was marked by their widespread use to determine the velocities and direction of horizontal motions of lithosphere plates (modern kinematics of lithosphere plates), which allowed to research the deformation processes at the global and regional levels. Today, permanent GNSS stations cover a large part of the land area. Since many of these stations have accumulated a large amount of daily observation over 20 years, it is possible to trace the deformation processes of certain areas. There is the problem of correct identification of observations of the true parameters of the deformation process. This issue requires the joint work of geophysicists and geodesists. But high-precision time series and values of GNSS station velocities are important and perspective data for the interpretation of geodynamic processes, which are much easier to obtain than geophysical or geological data, do not require special costs and should take into account their active development, the number of such stations is growing rapidly. Today, according to unofficial data, more than 300 reference stations operate in Ukraine. The aim of this work is to detect deformations of the Earth's crust in the Carpathian folded system using GNSS technology. The input data for the research were the observations over eight years (2013-2020) at reference stations in Ukraine (ZAKPOS network). From these observations, the combined solution (coordinates time series and velocities) was calculated using the scientific software GAMIT / GLOBK. According to the obtained data, the horizontal displacements vectors of GNSS stations were also constructed, and the deformations of the Earth's crust were calculated by the method of triangles, the vertices of which are GNSS stations, using the GPS Triangle Strain Calculator software. The calculated values of deformations showed a different geodynamic value, depending on the location of the triangles. In particular, the active zones of stretching (Rakhiv-Verkhovyna and Syanok-Ustryky-Dolishni) and compression (Rakhiv-Khust-Mukachevo) were identified. The research results make it possible to establish the features of the spatial distribution of crustal movement in the Carpathian region and in the future in a joint interpretation with geophysical data to create a regional geodynamic model of the Carpathian folded system.

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Fensham, R. J., and R. J. Fairfax. "Effect of photoscale, interpreter bias and land type on woody crown-cover estimates from aerial photography." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 4 (2007): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt05211.

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Woody vegetation cover interpreted from aerial photography requires assessment against field data as the signature of woody vegetation cover may differ between photoscales, vegetation types and photo-interpreters. Measurements of aerial woody cover taken from aerial photography of four different photoscales were compared with a field dataset from Eucalyptus- and Acacia-dominated landscapes of semi-arid Queensland. Two interpreters employed a method that utilises a stereoscope and sample-point graticule for manual quantified measurements of aerial woody cover. Both interpreters generated highly significant models accounting for 77 and 78% of deviance. Photoscale appears to have a consistent effect whereby the signature of woody cover increases as the photoscale decreases from 1 : 25 000 to 1 : 80 000, although the magnitude of this effect was different between interpreters. The results suggest no substantial differences in the shape of models predicting crown cover between Acacia- and Eucalyptus-dominated land types, although the precision of the models was greater for the Acacia (90–91% of residual deviance) than for the Eucalyptus (50–56% of residual deviance) land type. The reduced accuracy in the Eucalyptus land type probably reflects the relatively diffuse crowns of the dominant trees. The models generated for this dataset are within the range of those from other calibration studies employing photography of a range of scales and methodologies. The effect of photoscale is verified between the available studies, but there may also be variations arising from methodological differences or image properties. The present study highlights the influence of photoscale and interpreter bias for assessing woody crown cover from aerial photography. Studies that employ aerial photography should carefully consider potential biases and cater for them by calibrating assessments with field measurements.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aerial photography in land reform"

Dicks, Steven E. "Satellite-derived surface temperatures and their relationships to land cover, land use, soils and physiography of North-Central Florida." Gainesville, FL, 1986. http://www.archive.org/details/satellitederived00dick.

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Fyfield, Paul Hagen. "Transportation and Land Use Patterns: Monitoring Urban Change Using Aerial Photography, Portland, Oregon 1925-1945." PDXScholar, 2003. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2242.

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American urban neighborhoods are a patchwork; the spatial arrangement of types is a reflection of the dominant transportation technology at the time of their development. The earliest suburban areas were made accessible by fixed route systems such as the electric streetcar, followed by the widespread adoption of the automobile; each transportation epoch resulted in characteristic patterns of land use. This study uses aerial photographic coverage of Portland, Oregon from the years 1925, 1936, and 1945, a time of decline for the once popular trolley lines and dramatic increase in automobile usage, to monitor change within the residential areas of Portland's east side over a twenty year period. Classic economic models of the time acknowledged transportation as a force shaping the city; modem ideas in urban planning such as Traditional Neighborhood Design and Transit Oriented Development look to pre-automobile urban form as a means to reduce automobile use and its negative implications. This study uses variables of housing density and street connectivity derived from the aerial photography; the measured values of these variables are then considered for their spatial and temporal distribution using statistical comparisons. The results are compared to ideas within the urban models and current thinking about urban morphology. While generally consistent with the expected patterns, deviations and differences between the two variables are considered for their implications. Models offer a simplified version of the growth of American cities, considering only a few of the many aspects of a dynamic environment. By isolating on these variables of density and connectivity, a greater understanding of their role in arriving at the modem residential urban environment may be reached, and this understanding can add to the discourse in current planning debates.

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Pryor, Logan S. "Land-cover mapping in an agriculture zone using simulated Sentinel-2 data." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Geography, c2012, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3367.

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Remote sensing technologies are used to assist in the mapping and monitoring of land cover in space and time. The European Space Agency’s (ESA) upcoming Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) to be launched in 2013 has improved spatial and spectral properties compared to the current large-swath medium-resolution satellite sensors. Prior to the deployment of future sensors it is important to simulate and test the sensor data to evaluate the sensor's potential performance in producing the existing data products and develop new algorithms. This study simulated Sentinel-2 MSI data from airborne hyperspectral data over an agriculture area in northern Alberta, Canada. The standard Sentinel-2 MSI land-cover product was evaluated by comparing it to one created from the standard Landsat 5 TM and SPOT 5 HRV data products. Furthermore the standard Sentinel-2 MSI water column content band configuration and algorithm was evaluated for atmospheric correction purposes.
xi, 90 leaves : col. ill. ; 29 cm

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Awwad, Waleed Abdulaziz. "Land cover mapping a comparison between manual digitizing and automated classification of black and white historical aerial photography /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000634.

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Browning, Dawn M. "Woody Plant Dynamics in a Sonoran Desert Ecosystem across Scales: Remote Sensing and Field Perspectives." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195333.

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Historic land uses impose discernable legacy effects that may influence ecosystem function, a concern of particular importance in actively managed landscapes. In recent history (ca. 150 years) tree and shrub abundance has increased at the expense of native grasses in savannas and grasslands. The magnitude and patterns of change are spatially heterogeneous, highlighting the need for analytical approaches spanning multiple spatial scales, from individual plants to patches to landscapes. The overarching goal of this dissertation was to explore long-term dynamics associated with woody plant encroachment with aerial photography and field studies to examine cover, density, soils and land use history at the Santa Rita Experimental Range.The first study characterized patterns in woody cover change on contrasting soils over 60 years using aerial photography. Woody patch dynamics revealed encroachment and stabilization phases in woody plant proliferation. Soil properties reflected the rate at which uplands reached a dynamic equilibrium, but not the endpoint (ca. 35% cover). Fluctuations around dynamic equilibrium reflected net change in patch growth and acquiescence combined with colonization and mortality. Efforts to characterize changes in land cover will require patch-based assessments beyond coarse estimates of percent cover.The second study capitalized on historic field measurements of shrub canopies to validate estimates of shrub cover derived from the earliest aerial photography, quantified detection limitations of 1936 aerial photographs for mapping shrub cover, assessed species-specific contributions to percent cover, and translated detection limitations to proportions of velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina var Woot.) biomass missed with 1930s aerial photography.The third study was a field-based approach investigating how livestock grazing influenced mesquite cover, density, biomass, and stand structure over 74 years. The study supplemented traditional statistical analysis of grazing effects with methods quantifying spatial autocorrelation structure of mesquite density by grazing treatment. The outcome re-affirmed the supposition that mesquite cover may be dynamically stable at ca 30%, and revealed that livestock grazing slowed the shrub encroachment process from 1932 to 2006, counter to expectation. Results indicate that shrub growth trajectories persist long-term. Overall, this work affirms the importance of land use legacies and long-term perspectives in rangeland shrub dynamics.

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McManamay, Rachel Harris. "Assessing the Impacts of Balsam Woolly Adelgid (Adelges Piceae Ratz.) and Anthropogenic Disturbance on the Stand Structure and Mortality of Fraser Fir (Abies Fraseri (Pursh) Poir.) in the Black Mountains, North Carolina." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42759.

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Over the past several decades, naturally occurring populations of Fraser fir (Abies fraseri) in the Black Mountains of North Carolina have been heavily impacted by both direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbances, including logging and logging- associated fires, and high mortality rates due to the introduction of the exotic insect, balsam woolly adelgid (BWA) (Adelges piceae). The decline in Fraser fir is particularly concern because it serves as a foundation species within the spruce-fir forests of the Southern Appalachian Mountains. Our objectives for this research were to 1) use current stand structure to infer whether Fraser fir trees are experiencing a cycle of regeneration-mortality that will lead to eventual decline of the population, 2) determine what role, if any, the site-specific geographic variables of slope, elevation, aspect, and land use history have on stand structure, mortality, and BWA infestation level, and 3) analyze repeat aerial photography to examine broad trends of spruce-fir forest cover change caused by anthropogenic disturbance and the BWA. In order to understand stand structure, mortality, and infestation levels, we conducted detailed field surveys of Fraser fir trees throughout the Black Mountains using 44, fixed-radius circular sampling plots. These plots were placed throughout a series of aspects, elevations, and disturbance types in order to understand geographic variability among these variables. An analysis of 4 repeat aerial photographs and corroborating ground photographs revealed broad spatio-temporal trends of spruce-fir regeneration and mortality from 1954 to 2006. Our results indicate that Fraser fir stands at higher elevations are currently in a state of recovery; whereas stands at lower elevations appear to be more susceptible to BWA-induced mortality. Changes in forest cover area from 1954 to 2006 were influenced greatly by direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbance. Our results call attention to the significant impact that direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbance has had on Fraser fir stand structure, but also provide evidence for the ability of an imperiled ecosystem to recover from high rates of insect caused mortality.
Master of Science

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Carleer, Alexandre. "Region-based classification potential for land-cover classification with very high spatial resolution satellite data." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210852.

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Abstract

Since 1999, Very High spatial Resolution satellite data (Ikonos-2, QuickBird and OrbView-3) represent the surface of the Earth with more detail. However, information extraction by multispectral pixel-based classification proves to have become more complex owing to the internal variability increase in the land-cover units and to the weakness of spectral resolution.

Therefore, one possibility is to consider the internal spectral variability of land-cover classes as a valuable source of spatial information that can be used as an additional clue in characterizing and identifying land cover. Moreover, the spatial resolution gap that existed between satellite images and aerial photographs has strongly decreased, and the features used in visual interpretation transposed to digital analysis (texture, morphology and context) can be used as additional information on top of spectral features for the land cover classification.

The difficulty of this approach is often to transpose the visual features to digital analysis.

To overcome this problem region-based classification could be used. Segmentation, before classification, produces regions that are more homogeneous in themselves than with nearby regions and represent discrete objects or areas in the image. Each region becomes then a unit analysis, which makes it possible to avoid much of the structural clutter and allows to measure and use a number of features on top of spectral features. These features can be the surface, the perimeter, the compactness, the degree and kind of texture. Segmentation is one of the only methods which ensures to measure the morphological features (surface, perimeter.) and the textural features on non-arbitrary neighbourhood. In the pixel-based methods, texture is calculated with mobile windows that smooth the boundaries between discrete land cover regions and create between-class texture. This between-class texture could cause an edge-effect in the classification.

In this context, our research focuses on the potential of land cover region-based classification of VHR satellite data through the study of the object extraction capacity of segmentation processes, and through the study of the relevance of region features for classifying the land-cover classes in different kinds of Belgian landscapes; always keeping in mind the parallel with the visual interpretation which remains the reference.

Firstly, the results of the assessment of four segmentation algorithms belonging to the two main segmentation categories (contour- and region-based segmentation methods) show that the contour detection methods are sensitive to local variability, which is precisely the problem that we want to overcome. Then, a pre-processing like a filter may be used, at the risk of losing a part of the information. The “region-growing” segmentation that uses the local variability in the segmentation process appears to be the best compromise for the segmentation of different kinds of landscape.

Secondly, the features calculated thanks to segmentation seem to be relevant to identify some land-cover classes in urban/sub-urban and rural areas. These relevant features are of the same type as the features selected visually, which shows that the region-based classification gets close to the visual interpretation.

The research shows the real usefulness of region-based classification in order to classify the land cover with VHR satellite data. Even in some cases where the features calculated thanks to the segmentation prove to be useless, the region-based classification has other advantages. Working with regions instead of pixels allows to avoid the salt-and-pepper effect and makes the GIS integration easier.

The research also highlights some problems that are independent from the region-based classification and are recursive in VHR satellite data, like shadows and the spatial resolution weakness for identifying some land-cover classes.

Résumé

Depuis 1999, les données satellitaires à très haute résolution spatiale (IKONOS-2, QuickBird and OrbView-3) représentent la surface de la terre avec plus de détail. Cependant, l’extraction d’information par une classification multispectrale par pixel devient plus complexe en raison de l’augmentation de la variabilité spectrale dans les unités d’occupation du sol et du manque de résolution spectrale de ces données. Cependant, une possibilité est de considérer cette variabilité spectrale comme une information spatiale utile pouvant être utilisée comme une information complémentaire dans la caractérisation de l’occupation du sol. De plus, de part la diminution de la différence de résolution spatiale qui existait entre les photographies aériennes et les images satellitaires, les caractéristiques (attributs) utilisées en interprétation visuelle transposées à l’analyse digitale (texture, morphologie and contexte) peuvent être utilisées comme information complémentaire en plus de l’information spectrale pour la classification de l’occupation du sol.

La difficulté de cette approche est la transposition des caractéristiques visuelles à l’analyse digitale. Pour résoudre ce problème la classification par région pourrait être utilisée. La segmentation, avant la classification, produit des régions qui sont plus homogène en elles-mêmes qu’avec les régions voisines et qui représentent des objets ou des aires dans l’image. Chaque région devient alors une unité d’analyse qui permet l’élimination de l’effet « poivre et sel » et permet de mesurer et d’utiliser de nombreuses caractéristiques en plus des caractéristiques spectrales. Ces caractéristiques peuvent être la surface, le périmètre, la compacité, la texture. La segmentation est une des seules méthodes qui permet le calcul des caractéristiques morphologiques (surface, périmètre, …) et des caractéristiques texturales sur un voisinage non-arbitraire. Avec les méthodes de classification par pixel, la texture est calculée avec des fenêtres mobiles qui lissent les limites entre les régions d’occupation du sol et créent une texture interclasse. Cette texture interclasse peut alors causer un effet de bord dans le résultat de la classification.

Dans ce contexte, la recherche s’est focalisée sur l’étude du potentiel de la classification par région de l’occupation du sol avec des images satellitaires à très haute résolution spatiale. Ce potentiel a été étudié par l’intermédiaire de l’étude des capacités d’extraction d’objet de la segmentation et par l’intermédiaire de l’étude de la pertinence des caractéristiques des régions pour la classification de l’occupation du sol dans différents paysages belges tant urbains que ruraux.
Doctorat en sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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McClanahan, Bill. "Capturing Appalachia : visualizing coal, culture, and ecology." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/20823/.

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Capturing Appalachia: Visualizing Coal, Culture and Ecology, draws on extensive ethnographic, archival, and ecographic research conducted across Appalachia between 2014-2016 to develop an empirically informed sociological image of the interactions between culture, geography, and industry. Of particular interest are the ways that extractive cultures in Appalachia are constructed and communicated, and so the project includes archival work researching historical images as well as fieldwork focused on the production of images. Drawing on the traditions of cultural and ‘green’ criminologies, geography, and critical ecotheory, concluding that the cultural, political, and ecological worlds of Appalachia exist in a dialectical relationship with one another, and that at the center of each is an intense cultural relationship with the region’s historic and contemporary capture (cultural, economic, and ecological) by resource extraction. These dialectical relationships are made clear in the visuality of Appalachia, with paradigms frequently challenged by the production of countervisual narratives in productions spanning photography, literature, cinema, and media. The project constitutes the first extensive empirical application of the suggestions of an emergent green-cultural criminology. This research contributes significantly to the existing theoretical literature on extractive cultures through the development and application of the concept of ‘capture’, which is employed in throughout and which constitutes a central concept the project. The concept of ‘regulatory capture’ informs much of the existing sociological literature on harmful industry. Expanding on the concept of ‘capture’, I consider the capture of Appalachian economies by a single industry (economic capture), the capture of cultural production by the dominant industry (cultural capture), the legal capture of material landscapes by industry (ecological capture), the visual-mechanical capture of images of ecology and culture (photographic capture), and finally, the capture of ecology and people by an emerging industry of incarceration (carceral capture).

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Hsieh, Yi-Sheng, and 謝怡昇. "A STUDY OF LAND INTENSITY USING DIGITAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY DATA." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89680213978935379360.

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碩士
國立政治大學
地政學系
89
It needs the information of land use intensity to control the growth of cities, such as building coverage ratio and building bulk ratio. It spends much manpower and time to get the information. The improving technology of digital photogrammetry and geographic information systems can assist investigate and collect the information. The objective of this research has been to analyze the land use intensity with assistance of geographic information systems and digital photogrammetry. Digital aerial photographs have been used to collect 3-D spatial information of research area. This information has been imported into a geographic information system. Building coverage ratio and building bulk ratio of whole research area could be established thereafter. The information collected by digital photogrammetry has also been investigated and checked in situ. The results have indicated that: 1.The ratios of both building coverage ratio and building bulk ratio to the original planned record have been of 1.1~1.2. 2.The most suitable height of each floor is 3.3m when calculating the floor number of building in the research area. 3.Digital aerial photographs could be very useful when the information of land use intensity was required.

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Onyango, Otunga Charles. "Multi-temporal mapping and projection of urban land-use-land-cover change : implication on urban green spaces." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10559.

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This study determines and predicts multi-temporal Land-Use-Land-Cover Change (LULC) in a peripheral urban landscape over a 22 year period in relation to the study area‘s greenery. A change detection analysis using post classification Maximum Likelihood algorithm on three multispectral SPOT-4 images was used to determine land-cover transformation. To predict future land coverage, a Land-Cover Change Modeler (LCM) and a Markov Chain were used. Results show that between the year 2000-2006, 2006-2011 and 2000-2011 the study area experienced varied changes in the different LULCs. Built-up areas increased by 10.08%, 3.15% and 13.23% in 2000-2006, 2006-2011, and 2000-2011 respectively. Areas covered by thicket decreased by 0.59% in 2000-2006 but increased by 0.56%, 0.07% in 2006-2011 and 2000-2011 respectively. Forest land-cover increased by 2.59% in 2000-2006, 2.82% in 2006-2011, and 5.41% in 2000-2011. Grassland declined by 8.46% and 2.64% in 2000-2006 and 2000-2011 respectively while degraded grassland declined by 3.62%, 12.45% and 16.07% in 2000-2006, 2006-2011, and 2000-2011 respectively. Projection results indicate a consistent pattern of growth or decline to those experienced between 2000-2011. This study provides insight into LULC patterns within the eThekwini metro area and offers invaluable understanding of the transformation of the urban green spaces. Key words: Land-Use-Land-Cover Change, Change detection, Land-Cover Change Modeler, Markov Chain Process, Land-Cover Change Prediction.
Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2013.

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Books on the topic "Aerial photography in land reform"

Least, Heat Moon William, ed. This land is your land: Across America by air. New York, N.Y: Aperture, 1997.

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Bill, McKibben, ed. Look at the land: Aerial reflections on America. New York: Rizzoli, 1993.

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Heisey, Adriel. From above: Images of a storied land : photographs by Adriel Heisey [exhibition, May 9-August 15, 2004]. Albuquerque, N.M: Albuquerque Museum, 2004.

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Ochanda, N. Land use in Kakamega District. Nairobi: Dept. of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing, Ministry of Planning and National Development, Kenya, 1987.

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Lefor, M. W. On the construction and use of dichotomous keys for the interpretation of land cover and watershed features in aerial photographs. Storrs, CT: Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station , College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, 1985.

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Gedney, Donald R. Changes in land use in western Oregon between 1971-74 and 1982. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1989.

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Carroll, Tammy L. Aerial inventory of land uses and nonpoint pollution sources in the Nottely Reservoir watershed. Chattanooga, Tenn: Tennessee Valley Authority, Resource Group, Water Management, 1993.

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Hagerman, James R. Sand Mountain/Guntersville Reservoir aerial inventory of land uses and nonpoint pollution sources data report. Chattanooga, Tenn: Tennessee Valley Authority, River Basin Operations, Water Resources, 1990.

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Parry, J. T. The Sigatoka Valley: Pathway into prehistory. Suva, Fiji: Fiji Museum, 1987.

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Fasolo, Michele. Antichi paesaggi agrari d'Italia nelle banche dati dell'AGEA. Roma: Agenzia per le Erogazioni in Agricoltura, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Aerial photography in land reform"

Friedli, B., S. Tobias, and M. Fritsch. "Aerial Photography and Ground Penetrating Radar as Additional Tools for The Quality Assessment of Restored Land?" In Field Screening Europe, 85–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1473-5_20.

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"Land-Use Planning." In Aerial Photography and Image Interpretation, 353–69. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118110997.ch18.

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Southgate, Emily W. B. Russell. "Field Studies: Bringing Historical Records Down to Earth." In People and the Land through Time, 34–47. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300225808.003.0003.

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There are many field techniques that take research beyond what can be found in written documents. Clues to the past are hidden in such subtle (and not so subtle) features as topographic modifications, soils, and tree trunks. Field studies search for evidence of conditions and for their resultant effects through a variety of techniques. Features may be evident from a ground survey, located precisely through GPS. Remote imaging, using a variety of techniques from simple aerial photography to lidar, reveal hidden patterns, that may then be studied on the ground. Archeological study relates the patterns found on the ground to human activities, as they have changed over time. Dendroecology interprets records left in tree rings. Some studies look at stands of different ages to study change over time, and long-term studies trace change in individual stands. In these field studies that look at the past, soil characteristics and materials hidden in the soil, such as DNA, stable isotopes and charcoal, can reveal details of past processes and species. These methods are illustrated with examples from a wide range of biomes.

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Skirvin, Susan, William Kepner, Stuart Marsh, Samuel Drake, John Maingi, Curtis Edmonds, Christopher Watts, and David Williams. "Assessing the Accuracy of Satellite-Derived Land-Cover Classification Using Historical Aerial Photography, Digital Orthophoto Quadrangles, and Airborne Video Data." In Remote Sensing and GIS Accuracy Assessment, 115–31. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203497586.ch9.

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Jain, Lokesh Kumar. "Remote Sensing Techniques and Its Application in Arid Zones of India." In Environmental Information Systems, 1065–79. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7033-2.ch047.

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Remote sensing technologies offer the potential for contributing the security to human existence on arid zones in the country in variety of ways. Remote Sensing in agriculture particularly for natural resource management. It provides important coverage, mapping and classification of land cover features. The remote view of the sensor and the ability to store, analyze, and display the sensed data on field maps are make remote sensing a potentially important tool for agriculture. The aerial photography gives two main advantages viz., speedy survey in very large area or remote area and precise description and recording of resources status. Remotely sensed images provide a means to assess field conditions and gave valuable insights into agronomic management. It led to understanding of leaf reflectance and leaf emittance changes in response to leaf thickness, species, canopy shape, leaf age, nutrient status, and water status. Understanding of leaf reflectance has led to quantify various agronomic parameters, e.g., leaf area, crop cover, biomass, crop type, nutrient status, and yield.

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Jain, Lokesh Kumar. "Remote Sensing Techniques and Its Application in Arid Zones of India." In Advances in Geospatial Technologies, 193–211. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1814-3.ch009.

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Chen, Dongmei, John R. Weeks, and John V. Kaiser Jr. "Remote Sensing and Spatial Statistics as Tools in Crime Analysis." In Geographic Information Systems and Crime Analysis, 270–92. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-453-8.ch016.

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This chapter explores the feasibility and utility of using aerial photography or remotely sensed satellite imagery to identify geographic or “place” features that may be associated with criminal activity. It assesses whether or not variables derived from satellite images can provide surrogate relationships between land use and crime. A review of the remote sensing literature suggests two basic approaches to the use of remotely sensed images in law enforcement: (1) tactical; and (2) analytical. The tactical approach uses the imagery as a background to the maps and other spatial information that an officer on the beat might have as he or she is investigating a crime or emergency situation. The analytical approach uses the remotely sensed images to create new variables that may serve as proxies for the risk of crime in particular locations. In this study we employ the analytical approach to the use of remotely sensed images, classifying images according to the presence or absence of vegetation within a pixel, as well as the classification of specific urban attributes, such as parking lots. We also employ spatial statistics to quantify the relationship between features of the images and crime events on the ground, and these analyses may be particularly useful as input to policy decisions about policing within the community.

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Piotrowski, Marcin, and Patrycja Piotrowska. "Nieinwazyjne badania archeologiczne na stanowisku 2 w Żelaznej Nowej." In Ocalone Dziedzictwo Archeologiczne, 145–52. Wydawnictwo Profil-Archeo; Muzeum im. Jacka Malczewskiego w Radomiu, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/oda-sah.10.zn.13.

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Non-invasive archaeological research was carried within the complex of sites 2–3 in Żelazna Nowa, and the analysis of the results. The basic goal of the research was to determine the range of the necropolis in site 2, to reveal its topography, and to assess the state of its preservation. The research was performed using a non-invasive geophysical survey with the magnetic method. An additional objective was to map sites 2 and 3 and present them against a broader geographic background. The maps were created using numeric altitude data from laser scanning (LIDAR) and aerial photography. Site 2, the focus of the research, occupies a well-defined lentoid elevation stretching along the E-W axis, and it encompasses at least three distinct zones. The first zone is the necropolis in the western part of the site, confirmed by archaeological excavations. Geophysical research allows for concluding that the necropolis extended over an area larger than 1 ha. Its southern and eastern boundaries are discernible on the map of magnetic anomalies (Figs. 13.2–7). The second zone is a stretch of land to the east of the necropolis, distinguished by a distinct concentration of archaeological features. The third zone is an area where settlement features also occur, but in much lesser concentrations than in zone 2. Zones 2 and 3 (the eastern one) are distinguished by considerable numbers of artefacts, potsherds in particular, occurring on the surface. In addition, traces of hearths damaged by ploughing were recorded in zone 3 in the form of black spots of various sizes discernible from the level of the ground, and especially from the air (Fig. 13.8). A distinct concentration of features in zone 2 may stem from its transitional nature between the cemetery and the settlement, perhaps with the two partly overlapping at some stages of their development. However, the relatively clear results of the magnetic research only allow for preliminary interpretation of the identified features. The data need to be verified by archaeological excavations. The non-invasive research, especially the magnetic survey, should undoubtedly be extended. It is also worth taking aerial photographs again, in different weather conditions and especially at the time of year when the crops start to grow. This can be expected to reveal previously undetected features, in particular those of settlement nature.

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Graf, William L. "Reparian Vegetation." In Plutonium and the Rio Grande. Oxford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195089332.003.0011.

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The interaction among water, sediment, landforms, and human environmental manipulation on the Northern Rio Grande has produced a distinctive assemblage of plants in the riparian (or near-channel) community. The fluvial landforms and the sediment of which they are composed are often not immediately visible in field investigations because of the dense cover of riparian vegetation. In aerial photography—the primary source of data for historical river-channel change and sedimentation- riparian vegetation is often the only aspect of the near-channel environment that is amenable to interpretation and mapping. Vegetation also provides information about the date of emplacement of the sediments on which it grows, information useful in tracking contaminants introduced into the system during known time periods. Vegetation communities therefore provide useful keys to identifying the distribution of near-channel sediments and the contaminants they contain. This chapter briefly reviews the origin and changes in riparian vegetation in the study area, including its connections with geomorphic systems. Almost all major rivers in the American Southwest have undergone considerable geomorphic and vegetation change since the early nineteenth century when channel margins were the sites of bogs, lakes, abandoned meanders (sloughs), and marshes. Most major rivers had broad, sandy channels with braided configurations and meandering low-flow channels. Even small tributaries had marshy areas created by beavers. The riparian vegetation originally evolved in association with frequent extensive flooding. Removal of the beavers, the development of gullies and arroyos, land-management schemes, changes in climate, and the construction of dams changed the streams into single-thread or compound channels that flooded less often. The Rio Grande’s recent history is typical of the larger region except for the extensive recent engineering works that restrict the active channel and flood plains. There are few detailed descriptions of the channel and riparian vegetation before major human intervention, but generally, most firsthand observers indicate that the Northern Rio Grande was broad and shallow, with meandering subchannels frequently altered by flooding. After channel migration, cottonwood, willow, and cattail colonized the newly exposed alluvial surfaces. Early in the twentieth century, the cottonwood groves near the river rarely developed trees more than about 10 m high before more changes in the channel destroyed them.

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Skrobala, Viktor, and Sofiya Marutyak. "PECULIARITIES OF THE TERRITORY OF THE CITY OF LVIV (UKRAINE) AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE HYDROLOGICAL REGIME AND EROSION PROCESSES." In European vector of development of the modern scientific researches. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-077-3-28.

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The object of research is the territory of the city of Lviv (Ukraine). Lviv (geographical coordinates: 49N50, 24E00) is the largest city in Western Ukraine, with a population of over 720,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the western part of the Volyn-Podilska Upland, on the line of the Main European Ridge of the Baltic and Black Sea basins. Subject of research is relief parameters (maximum, average and minimum heights, vertical dismemberment and steepness of the surface) and land use characteristics (building intensity, phytocenotic cover). The purpose of research is to study the features of the territory of Lviv from the standpoint of influence on the hydrological regime and erosion processes. Methodology. Peculiarities of the territory of Lviv were studied by processing topographic maps using aerial photography materials and route surveys. Morphometric analysis of the relief was performed on topographic maps of scale 1: 10000 by dividing the map into elementary squares with an area of 0.25 km2. The research covers an area of 100.25 km2 (401 elementary squares). Within the elementary squares, the maximum, average and minimum heights of the territory, the depth of local erosion bases, the average surface steepness, the intensity and nature of construction, and the features of vegetation were determined. Results. The territory of Lviv is characterized by a variety of relief conditions and related nature of surface use. On the basis of morphometric maps of maximum and minimum heights, vertical dismemberment and steepness of the surface, we can distinguish the flat peripheral part of the city and the middle band of elevations. The asymmetry of the territory of Lviv in relation to the watershed causes various potential dangers of erosion processes and related unproductive moisture losses. The intensity of construction increases from the periphery to the center, with the exception of modern multi-storey buildings of the Sykhiv massif and industrial areas in the western part of the city. Low specific weight of waterproof coatings is characterized by the eastern and northern parts of the city with a complex relief. The largest amount of greenery is concentrated in the eastern part of the city (Vysokyi Zamok Park, Shevchenkivskyi grove, Pohulyanka Forest Park, Lychakiv), where surfaces with maximum relative heights predominate. The great variety of the underlying surface on the territory of Lviv causes different conditions for the formation of surface runoff and associated unproductive moisture consumption. The high potential danger of erosion processes is primarily noted by the structural-denudation level of Roztochia, which is characterized by the highest values of surface steepness. Complex relief conditions, intensive anthropogenic impact determine the need for anti-erosion organization of the city and measures aimed at optimizing hydrological processes. Scientific novelty. One of the criteria that characterizes the degree of landscape transformation within the city is the intensity of construction, which is determined by the proportion of watertight areas in the overall balance of the territory. Peculiarities of spatial arrangement of elementary plots with different intensity of construction in combination with relief parameters and land use scheme are determined. Practical significance. Knowing the parameters of the terrain and the peculiarities of land use, it is possible to determine the potential intensity of erosion processes in the territory of Lviv, to assess the level of anthropogenic changes in the hydrological regime.

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Conference papers on the topic "Aerial photography in land reform"

Tian, Xianhua. "Discussion on the Absence of Legal Regulation of Aerial Photography Act of Chinese Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." In Proceedings of the 2018 International Workshop on Education Reform and Social Sciences (ERSS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/erss-18.2019.84.

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Pukite, Vivita, Vita Celmina, and Dainora Jankauskiene. "ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF QUARRY SURVEYING." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/18.

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There are several surveying methods whose practical function is to determine the areas of land, distances, heights, the amount of earthwork, and to produce reduced images of the earth's surface. The research looks at how geodetic and remote sensing methods can be used, and the results they provide in quarry surveying. The most important in quarry surveying is to get an accurate land surface for calculation of the volume of mineral resources. After quarries surveying, it is possible to calculate the amount of remaining mineral resources. Within the framework of the research, were performed surveying in quarries with geodetic surveying and remote sensing methods. For geodetic surveying was used GNSS receiver and a robotic total station, but from remote sensing methods were used aerial photography and aerial laser scanning. The most important reason why it is important to get an accurate surface and make an accurate volume calculation in quarry surveying is the economic factor. The economic analysis was carried out using a comparison method based on volume, market price and natural resources tax. The research presents the advantages and disadvantages of each surveying method and explains the results obtained, based on economic calculations. The main conclusion is that the accuracy of the preparation of land surface relief models is based mainly on economic calculations because mineral resources are a commodity that is bought and sold for which tax is payable.

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Grigoriev, Gleb, Vladimir Gulin, Alexei Nikitin, Nikita Sivoy, Eugene Bondarev, Marat Islamuratov, Oksana Zakharova, Igor Karpov, Evgenii Liubimov, and Vladislav Votsalevskiy. "Integrated Droneborne Geophysics Application as a Tool for Exploration Optimization. Case Studies." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206250-ms.

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Abstract Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have a great potential for geological exploration optimization at all stages. This study considers UAV implementation at different exploration stage. Integrated approach using unmanned aerial systems shows great effectiveness based on the completed surveys. Low-depth electrical exploration using the shallow electrical exploration method is one of the possible UAVs technologies with great potential. In this study there are several cases describing main field data acquisition, models and cross-sections processing. Unmanned aerial systems are applicable at all stages of the oil and gas value chain and are already an integral part of oil&gas production process. Now there are more than 70 unmanned aerial systems application scenarios. The main advantages of drones are that the use of this operational data collection tool allows: – to reduce the duration of collecting geospatial data by 70%, and the cost by 3 times; – make the best decisions quickly; – to realize additional potential for increasing efficiency (application at all stages of the production chain) – increase the production processes safety level The most promising and actively developing areas of technology application are: Geophysical surveys at different stages of geological exploration. Drones have great potential for application in non-seismic exploration methods in the early stages of geological exploration. In addition, UAV surveys are suitable for planning geological exploration and working out the conceptual arrangement of the terrain. The presence of an accurate digital elevation model at the start of work of the project team makes it possible to remove a number of uncertainties and questions about conducting field work on seismic exploration, the placement of infrastructure and corridor communications. Objective control of the capital construction progress. Another important area of drones application is aerial photography at all stages of capital construction. With the help of UAVs, it is possible to control such parameters as the status and quality of construction and installation works, equipment of contractors, compliance with safety and environmental standards, and others. To do this, the unmanned vehicle flies around the object with a given regularity, filming it from different angles. After aerial photography, special software stitches the results into photogrammetric products (digital terrain model, orthophotomaps, 3D models) with an accuracy of 4–6 centimeters. On the constructed models, you can calculate the dynamics by one or another parameter. Operational fieldwork and intrastructure monitoring. At the same time, one of the key goals of technology application is the creation of a network of autonomous stations with drones at all assets for remote control of the company's production processes. The first step in this direction was the joint pilot testing of an automated take-off and landing station with an unmanned aerial vehicle of a multi-rotor type. The use of the station will reduce the time and cost of collecting data on capital construction and infrastructure. Project teams will be able to react faster to changes. An automated take-off and landing station allows the use of unmanned aerial vehicles without human intervention. The drone can independently take off, perform the necessary operations, land and recharge. Thus, flight operations and data collection can be performed remotely without the constant presence of a specialist on site.

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Bustinza, Juan A., Ricardo J. Rocca, Marcelo E. Zeballos, and Roberto E. Terzariol. "Rerouting of a Pipeline due to Landslide Reactivation in an Andean Valley." In ASME 2013 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2013-1960.

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The bi-national pipeline Loma de la Lata (Argentina)-Talcahuano (Chile) belonging to Gas del Pacifico, crosses the Andes at Latitude 37.1° South (Buta Mallin pass), following the Lileo river valley. In the region, there are large ancient landslides within an area of about 50 km2, which have been attributed to Holocene glaciations and seismic activity. In the winter of 2005, when snow limited the access to the area, it was found a pressure loss, that later was attributed to a landslide in a sector of the south bank of the valley. The adiabatic expansion generated a considerable volume of frozen soil around the pipe. The following summer it was studied the characteristics of the sliding and analyzed different solutions of the affected section. The geotechnical study showed details of the slipped area and its relationships with ancient landslides. It was found by comparative analysis of aerial photographs that an old slide about 1 km3 was not fully reactivated. The general morphology has remained unchanged at least in the last 50 years, when the oldest aerial photography was taken. As additional verification, it was found that a small set of cascading ponds located in the slipped mass, has remained stable at that time, bearing the influence of the great 1960 Mw = 9.6 Valdivia earthquake. It was identified tension cracks delimiting the slipped area that was a modest portion of the historical landslide. Geotechnical parameters were estimated by back analysis of the land involved and it could establish a model for sliding mass process. A general analysis of long-term stability took into account the influence of distant earthquakes such as the subduction zone, which has a recurrence of about 100 years and other local seismic sources. Prior to define the most appropriate solution, a 250 meters long trench was dug preventively releasing the pipeline from the terrain to avoid new deformations. Among the solutions considered were the construction of an absorption system with movement monitoring, or the relocation of the trace on the opposite bank of the river. It was decided to adopt the latter solution due to the difficulty of ensuring the stability of the terrain and the inaccessibility during the winter. It implied an additional river crossing and consequently, the need to monitor the stability of the channel to the river erosion.

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Reports on the topic "Aerial photography in land reform"

Fyfield, Paul. Transportation and Land Use Patterns: Monitoring Urban Change Using Aerial Photography, Portland, Oregon 1925-1945. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2239.

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Reports on the topic "Aerial photography in land reform"