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Sosner, Philippe. "Effet hypotenseur de nouvelles modalités d’exercice physique chez le patient hypertendu de grade 1 ou 2." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2260.
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L’hypertension artérielle (HTA) est une pathologie fréquente à l’origine d’un grand nombre de complications cardiovasculaires. La sédentarité est aussi un facteur de risque important de morbi-mortalité cardiovasculaire, et à l’inverse, la pratique régulière d’une activité physique (AP) diminue très significativement ce risque, au-delà du bénéfice lié à la seule amélioration du niveau de pression artérielle (PA). L’AP est pour cela recommandée dans la prise en charge de l’HTA. Son action anti-hypertensive est observée en « aigu » au décours immédiat d’un exercice, mais aussi en « chronique » avec des adaptations induites par la répétition des séances : adaptations à la fois fonctionnelles (mécanismes de régulation de la PA) et structurelles (composants des vaisseaux). Face à la diversité des modalités d’AP disponibles (en aérobie ou en résistance, mode continu ou intermittent, à l’extérieur, en gymnase ou en piscine) et des envies et possibilités des patients, notre objectif était d’étudier, chez des personnes hypertendues, le bénéfice de modalités nouvelles (exercice intermittent à haute intensité (HIIE), exercice sur vélo en piscine), en privilégiant les mesures ambulatoires de PA. Notre recherche a ainsi identifié, par la réalisation d’une méta-analyse ainsi que de 3 études cliniques :A- concernant l’AP : 1- le bénéfice hypotenseur de l’HIIE au décours d’une session d’exercice, au décours d’un entraînement court de 2 semaines (3 sessions / semaine), et d’un programme complété de conseils diététiques de 9 mois (2 HIIE / semaine) ; 2- le bénéfice additionnel de sa pratique sur cyclo-ergomètre dans l’eau ; 3- un effet favorable sur la compliance artérielle (mesure de vitesse de l’onde de pouls, VOP). B- concernant le patient, des modérateurs favorables tels qu’une PA de repos ≥135/85 mm Hg, l’association de mesures diététiques. Ces éléments devraient contribuer à améliorer la prescription d’AP en cas d’HTA<br>High blood pressure is a common disease with many cardiovascular complications. Inactivity is also an important cardiovascular risk factor, and the regular practice of physical activity (PA) decreases very significantly this risk, more than the single improvement of blood pressure (BP). Therefore, PA is recommended for its contribution on the management of hypertension. The “acute” BP fall following a bout of exercise contributes to the “chronic” antihypertensive effect of physical training, by inducing both functional and structural adaptations (BP regulation systems and components of arterial wall, respectively). Face to the many modalities of PA (aerobic, strength, continuous or intermittent mode, outdoor, indoor or in swimming-pool) and to the desires and availabilities of the patient, we aimed to assess, in hypertensive individuals, the effect of new modes (high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE), cycling in immersed condition) using preferably ambulatory BP monitoring measures. Thereby, our research identified, through a meta-analysis and 3 clinical studies, the following results:A- regarding PA characteristics : 1- a BP decrease following one bout of HIIE, 2-week HIIE training (thrice a week) and 9-month HIIE training (twice a week) in a combined lifestyle program;2- an additional BP improvement in up-to-the chest immersed condition; 3- an improvement in arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity, PWV);B- regarding patient’s characteristics: favorable moderators such as a resting BP ≥135/85 mm Hg, or the association of diet intervention. These results should contribute to improve prescription of PA in hypertensive individuals
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Awe, Jennifer. "The psycho-physical response to music during moderate intensity aerobic conditioning." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004awej.pdf.
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Wong, Man-tim. "The validity of the polar ownindextm as a measure of aerobic fitness in 10-11 year old girls and boys /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31941461.
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Asano, Shinichi. "Excess postexercise oxygen consumption and interval training." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=521.
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Swartz, Ann M. "A comparison of the health and fitness benefits received with varying quantities of energy expenditure." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115731.
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The Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health recommends expending 200 kcals "on most, if not all days of the week" (1000 to 1400 kcals/week) as a minimum quantity of exercise energy expenditure (EE) required to obtain health benefits. The ACSM recommends expending a minimum of 1000 kcals/week to receive fitness benefits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of EE above and below 1200 kcals/week on health and fitness benefits. Twenty-six previously sedentary males and females (mean age = 47 ± 2 years), with at least one risk factor for CAD completed the 22-32 week endurance exercise training study. Subjects performed an initial health screening and treadmill test which included measures of heart rate, blood pressure, blood lipids, body composition at rest, and metabolic data (V02, VE, RER) during the maximal treadmill test. Subjects began exercising with the Adult Physical Fitness Program at a self-selected amount of energy expenditure, recording heart rate, frequency, and duration of exercise on an exercise log card after every exercise session. After 22-32 weeks, subjects returned to the laboratory for a final evaluation identical to the first. The metabolic data from the initial and final tests, along with the data from the exercise log card was used to develop an estimation of energy expenditure/week. Subjects were then categorized into either < or > 1200 kcal/week energy expenditure. Results of the pre/post (n=12) training blood pressure, blood lipids, body composition and V02 __ measures were:EE <1200 kcalsEE >1200 kcalsVariablePre TrainingPost TrainingPre Training 'PostTrainingVO2.(L/min)2.287+.1982.397±.1983.064±.2073.290±.210VO2.(ml/kg/min)27.4+1.7-28.2+1.7-33.0+2.4-37.3±2.6 #HDL-C(mg/dl)51+4.355±4.547±2.850±3.2SBP(mmHg)121±4117±3124±4y120±37BMI(k g/m2)28.0±1.728.3+1.731.2+1.6730.0+1.5y #*p <0.05 training main effect, #p < 0.05 group by time interaction, y: n=14The group that expended above 1200 kcals/week displayed more improvement inrelative V02 n,.,., and BMI following the training program than the group thatexpended less than 1200 kcals/week. Furthermore, there was a training main effect showing adaptations in V02 ., HDL and SBP. In conclusion, previously at risk, sedentary individuals exercise training > 2 days/week can receive health and fitness benefits. However, those expending more than 1200 kcals/week will receive a greater benefit in terms of body composition and cardiovascular fitness.<br>School of Physical Education
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Wong, Man-tim, and 黃民添. "The validity of the polar ownindextm as a measure of aerobic fitness in 10-11 year old girls and boys." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45013950.
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Cheng, Chi-hong. "Aerobic fitness in Southern Chinese primary school children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37386700.
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Hewitt, Matthew M. "Effects of aerobic exercise on the asthmatic lung." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009r/hewitt.pdf.
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Cheng, Chi-hong, and 鄭子康. "Aerobic fitness in Southern Chinese primary school children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37386700.
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Lorah, Ashley M. "Effects of Aerobic and Mental Exercises on College Students' Stress." Ashland University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=auhonors1462299956.
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Hautala, A. (Arto). "Effect of physical exercise on autonomic regulation of heart rate." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2004. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514273354.
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Regular aerobic training has been suggested to protect the heart by increasing cardiac vagal activity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the autonomic regulation of heart rate (HR) during and after exercise, during aerobic training interventions and to study the association between autonomic regulation and the training response in healthy male subjects. HR variability assessment was used to study the effects of exercise on autonomic regulation of HR.
The whole study population consisted of 70 volunteer male subjects (age 36 ± 10 years). The recovery of the autonomic nervous system after prolonged exhaustive exercise was studied in a group of 10 subjects. The training interventions included 51 subjects. The effects of training volume on autonomic regulation were assessed (n = 46) during a controlled eight-week training intervention. The association between training and autonomic regulation was studied (n = 24) during a ten-month period of home-based training based on the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations. Finally, the association between autonomic regulation and the individual training response was analysed (n = 51) after eight weeks of controlled training.
The recovery rate of vagally mediated high-frequency (HF) power of HR variability after prolonged exhaustive exercise was associated with physical fitness (r = -0.71, P < 0.016). Moderate (3 hours/week) and high-volume (6 hours/week) aerobic training results in a similar increase in HR variability indices. HF power increased from 6.19 ± 1.02 to 6.76 ± 0.96 ln ms2 (P < 0.001) and from 6.61 ± 1.01 to 7.12 ± 0.92 ln ms2 (P < 0.001) after moderate and high-volume training, respectively. During the home-based training program, the changes in HF power were associated with the changes in the fitness (r = 0.44, P < 0.05), body mass index (r = -0.44, P < 0.05) and the amount of training (r = 0.41, p < 0.05). Finally, a significant correlation was observed between the training response and the baseline HF power (r = 0.52, P = 0.001). HF power accounted for 27 % of the change as an independent predictor of the aerobic training response.
In conclusion, a highly controlled aerobic training intervention of eight weeks, including six 30-min sessions a week at an intensity of 70–80 % of maximum HR, is a sufficient intervention to increase cardiac vagal outflow and the offered home-based training according the current guidelines maintains the high cardiac vagal outflow. Secondly, high vagal activity at baseline is associated with the improvement in aerobic fitness caused by aerobic training, suggesting that the cardiovascular autonomic function is an important determinant of the response to aerobic training.
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Ho, Doris. "Aerobic response of 9-10 year old children to rope jumping." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23530169.
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Morton, Anne Aldredge. "The Effects of the Type A Behavior Pattern and Aerobic Exercise on the Allocation of Attention." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332262/.
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This investigation examined the effects of aerobic fitness and the Type A behavior pattern on cognitive functioning in the split-attention (dual task) paradigm. Sixty-four adults were classified as Type A or B by means of the Jenkins Activity Survey, and as Runner or Sedentary using self-reports of physical activity. Under challenging instructions, subjects performed a primary task (Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices) and secondary task (Backward Digit Span) alternatively under single and dual task conditions. There was a significant interaction between aerobic fitness and task condition such that Runners outperformed Sedentary subjects under dual, but not single, task conditions on the secondary task. No differences were found on the primary task. Backward Digit Span performance under dual, but not single, task conditions, was also found to be positively related to the subjects eating a low cholesterol diet and maintaining a healthy weight. Contrary to predictions, there were no significant effects of the Type A behavior pattern, either main or interaction, on any of the cognitive measures. Type A Runners exceeded Type B Runners in aerobic points, races per year, runs per week, Personal Record attempts, and level of dissatisfaction with performance. There were no differences in the tendency to run while injured, use of a stopwatch during training, or effort exerted in races. Overall, these findings suggest that an ability to perform under split-attention (dual task) conditions is positively related to aerobic fitness, a low-fat diet, and maintenance of a healthy weight. In addition, Type A Runners differ from B Runners in some, but not all, aspects related to the Type A pattern, suggesting that aerobic exercise may modify to a limited extent the Type A behavior pattern. The failure to find A-B differences in attentional style consistent with prior research (Matthews & Brunson, 1979) or interaction of type and exercise may reflect the nature of the sample and tasks in this particular investigation, compared with previous studies.
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Wells, Maria Catherine. "Assessing the Implementation of Aerobic Exercise for Post-Stroke Patients at an Inpatient Rehabilitation Hospital: A Retrospective Case Series." Walsh University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=walshhonors1587407726887125.
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Cullen, Christine. "The effects of aerobic fitness and athletic participation on executive control functioning and motor response selection." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/748.
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Everett, Michael D., Ann M. Kinser, and Michael W. Ramsey. "Training for Old Age: Production Functions for the Aerobic Exercise Inputs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4141.
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Purpose: This paper attempts to develop production functions (PF) between aerobic exercise inputs and long-run health outputs. Future studies could use such PF for estimating the benefits and costs (broadly defined) of different exercise programs to help develop optimal (utility maximizing) ones.
Methods: To develop the PF, the paper reviewed the biomedical literature for the major dose-response relations between health, physical fitness, and exercise. Where relevant, the paper converted the dose-response relationships from relative risks to absolute probabilities and standardized terminology and units of measures.
Results: The paper develops a clear set of biological PF that illustrate, quantitatively, how increases in peak cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness as measured by a short stress test reduce the probability of all-cause mortality; how increasing intensities of short (approximately 30 min, three to five times a week) exercise sessions increase peak CR fitness or retard its age-related decline; and how consistent exercise reduces the risk of myocardial infarctions (MI).
Conclusions: The exercise-long-run health PF developed in this paper should provide a useful framework for other studies to estimate the broadly defined costs and benefits of different exercise programs and to help develop optimal ones.
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Vaupshas, Rosemary. "The exercise intensity of mentally retarded adults as a function of an aerobic fitness program /." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63886.
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Buchan, Jena Kathryn. "Secondary lymphoedema following cancer: Association with exercise barriers self-efficacy, and benefits of resistance and aerobic-based exercise." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/83027/1/Jena%20Kathryn_Buchan_Thesis.pdf.
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This research provides valuable insight into exercise barriers and prescription for individuals with cancer-related lymphoedema, particularly following breast cancer. Findings from this work demonstrate that by identifying and addressing exercise barriers, exercise confidence improves and, as such, enables longer-term exercise participation. Further, the findings demonstrating similar lymphoedema-related and physical and psychosocial benefits are achieved through participation in either resistance- or aerobic-based exercise highlights that exercise programs can be individualised, taking into consideration participants' interests, without jeopardising a woman's recovery and longer-term function, health, quality of life and survival.
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Bumgarner, Shan. "Evaluation of aerobic fitness activity in second, third, and seventh graders as implemented through three different modes /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265555441064.
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Glaister, Mark, Michael H. Stone, Andrew M. Stewart, Michael G. Hughes, and Gavin L. Moir. "Aerobic and Anaerobic Correlates of Multiple Sprint Cycling Performance." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4611.
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Aerobic and anaerobic correlates of multiple sprint cycling performance. J. Strength Cond. Res. 20(4):792-798. 2006.--The aims of this study were to examine (a) the relationship between maximal oxygen uptake (O2max) and several performance indices of multiple sprint cycling; (b) the relationship between maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) and those same performance indices; and (c) the influence of recovery duration on the magnitude of those relationships. Twenty-five physically active men completed a O2max test, a MAOD test, and 2 maximal intermittent (20 x 5 seconds) sprint cycling tests with contrasting recovery periods (10 seconds or 30 seconds). Mean +/- SD for age, height, and body mass were 20.6 +/- 1.5 years, 177.2 +/- 5.4 cm, and 78.2 +/- 8.2 kg, respectively. All tests were conducted on a friction-braked cycle ergometer with subsequent data normalized for body mass. Moderate (0.3 r < 0.5) positive correlations were observed between power output data and MAOD (range, 0.31-0.46; 95% confidence limits, -0.10 to 0.72). Moderate to large positive correlations also were observed between power output data and O2max, the magnitude of which increased as values were averaged across all sprints (range, 0.45-0.67; 95% confidence limits 0.07-0.84). Correlations between fatigue and O2max were greater in the intermittent protocol with 30-second recovery periods (r = -0.34; 95% confidence limits, 0.06 to -0.65). The results of this study reflect the complex energetics associated with multiple sprint work. Though the findings add support to the idea that multiple sprint sports demand a combination of speed and endurance, further longitudinal research is required to confirm the relative importance of these parameters.
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Warrick, Rona Lee, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Women's bodies, self-perception and physical acitivity: A naturalistic study of women's participation in aerobics classes." Deakin University. School of Education, 1988. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050809.135244.
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The aim of this study was to describe the behaviour and perceptions of women in aerobic or exercise to music classes. In particular, the study examined the meaning women attach to this activity choice and the interaction of aerobics participation with cultural pressures and beliefs such as that of the ideal female bodyshape. A naturalistic method of study was chosen in order to gain a comprehensive view of the subjective experience of aerobics participation. Approximately fifty female health club members were observed over a three month period in order to identify and describe patterns of involvement, behaviour and perception and the factors affecting them. Six groups of women were identified. These were Naturals, Compulsive, Functional Feminist. Several factors were observed as potentially contributing to the patterns observed. These included attitude toward perceived cultural ideals and pressures of female expectation and shape, perceptions of aerobics and exercise, pre-occupation with slenderness and bodyshape, self-image and body image. The relationship between these factors was found to be dynamic and reciprocal, with participation possibly intensifying or alternately reducing bodyshape concern. Aerobics was seen to have a multifaceted yet very individual and important appeal to the women observed.
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Yamamoto, Kanami, Takaaki Kondo, Akiko Kimata, et al. "Lack of Effect of Aerobic Physical Exercise on Endothelium-Deived Nitric Oxide Concentrations in Healthy Young Subjects." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9195.
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Hubbard, Elizabeth Anne. "The Effects of Exercise Modality on State Body Image." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4509.
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Previous research has shown that chronic exercise positively impacts body image in women. Research defining the modality that yields the best results following an acute session of exercise has yet to be determined. This research attempted to show the psychological benefits that exercise could have on female body image after only one bout of exercise. PURPOSE: The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of three different modalities of acute exercise on state body image in women. This study aimed to determine which modality, if any, is more effective in increasing state body image. METHODS: Twenty-five female participants (20.2 ± 2.2 years; 23.6 ± 4.0 BMI, 25.5 ± 6.0 body fat percent) attended laboratory sessions on six different occasions; the initial informed consent, risk stratification, and descriptive data session, the familiarization session, the three exercise sessions, and the control session. During the familiarization session, each participant was acquainted with each exercise modality. The aerobic (AE) session consisted of a five-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of treadmill exercise, and a five-minute cool-down. The interval circuit (IC) session involved a five-minute warm-up, two circuits containing five bodyweight exercises each, and five minutes of cool-down stretching. The resistance (RE) session included a five-minute warm-up, three sets of eight repetitions of the bench press, bent-over row, overhead press, squat, deadlift, and lunge exercises, and five-minutes of cool-down stretching. The control session included 40 minutes of quiet reading. Ratings of perceived exertion and heart rate were monitored and recorded during each trial. State body image, positive mood, and negative mood were measured immediately before and after each experimental session. RESULTS: Following the AE and RE sessions, state body image significantly improved from pre- to post-session (AE: 5.2 ± 1.2 to 5.7 ± 1.0; RE: 5.4 ± 1.4 to 5.9 ± 1.2; p < 0.05). Only the RE post-session state body image (5.4 ± 1.4) was significantly different from the CO post-session state body image (5.4 ± 1.1; p < 0.05). The AE and RE sessions significantly increased positive mood and decreased negative mood from pre- to post-session (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Participation in the aerobic and resistance sessions significantly improved body image from pre- to post-exercise. Resistance exercise was the only research modality that yielded significantly higher post-exercise state body image as compared to the control session. Thus, a single resistance exercise session may help individuals to improve their state body image.
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Lanoye, Autumn. "Aerobic Exercise Exposure Targeting Anxiety Sensitivity: Effects on Associated Health Behaviors in Young Adults." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5564.
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Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is associated with health behaviors such as low rates of physical activity, overeating, alcohol use, and poor sleep; however, interventions targeting AS via exercise-based interoceptive exposure have not assessed these as outcomes. In addition, previous studies are limited by brief follow-up periods. This study aimed to replicate previous aerobic exercise interoceptive exposures with an extended (6-week) follow-up and measurement of health behaviors.
Participants were 44 sedentary young adults with elevated AS randomized to intervention (6 20-minute sessions of moderate-intensity treadmill walking) or assessment-only control. Assessments took place at baseline, week 2 (post-treatment), week 4, and week 8 with measurements of AS (ASI-3), physical activity (7-Day PAR), sleep (ISI), binge eating, alcohol use, depression (PHQ-8), anxiety (GAD-7), and stress (PSS-4).
The intervention condition demonstrated a marginally significant reduction in AS compared to control at week 4 which eroded by week 8. There were no significant between-group differences for health behavior change. The intervention condition demonstrated decreases in depression, general anxiety, and perceived stress compared to control, but these effects eroded by week 4. There was no difference in findings for participants with BMI<25 vs. those with BMI>=25.
Findings indicate that a brief intervention might not be sufficient to produce lasting changes in AS without additional treatment. Intervention effects were not as strong in this study compared to previous reports, which may be due to the size and greater racial/ethnic diversity of the current sample. Future research should objectively measure physical activity and explore individual variability in treatment response.
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Baker, James J. "The effect of a training related increase in maximal oxygen consumption on resting serum estradiol levels in normal males /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487268021748356.
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Dallman, Paula Ann 1949. "PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF CONDITIONING PRACTICES IN SUPPORT OF MULTIPLE DISCIPLINE DANCE TRAINING (FLEXIBILITY)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276391.
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Chan, Chung-nga, and 陳仲雅. "The relationship between aerobic fitness and economy of motion in prepubescent children of Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257343.
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Raichlen, David A., Pradyumna K. Bharadwaj, Megan C. Fitzhugh, et al. "Differences in Resting State Functional Connectivity between Young Adult Endurance Athletes and Healthy Controls." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622570.
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Expertise and training in fine motor skills has been associated with changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity. Fewer studies have explored the neural effects of athletic activities that do not seem to rely on precise fine motor control (e.g., distance running). Here, we compared resting-state functional connectivity in a sample of adult male collegiate distance runners (n = 11; age = 21.3 +/- 2.5) and a group of healthy age matched non-athlete male controls (n = 11; age = 20.6 +/- 1.1), to test the hypothesis that expertise in sustained aerobic motor behaviors affects resting state functional connectivity in young adults. Although generally considered an automated repetitive task, locomotion, especially at an elite level, likely engages multiple cognitive actions including planning, inhibition, monitoring, attentional switching and multi-tasking, and motor control. Here, we examined connectivity in three resting-state networks that link such executive functions with motor control: the default mode network (DMN), the frontoparietal network (FPN), and the motor network (MN). We found two key patterns of significant between-group differences in connectivity that are consistent with the hypothesized cognitive demands of elite endurance running. First, enhanced connectivity between the FPN and brain regions often associated with aspects of working memory and other executive functions (frontal cortex), suggest endurance running may stress executive cognitive functions in ways that increase connectivity in associated networks. Second, we found significant anti-correlations between the DMN and regions associated with motor control (paracentral area), somatosensory functions (post-central region), and visual association abilities (occipital cortex). DMN deactivation with task-positive regions has been shown to be generally beneficial for cognitive performance, suggesting anti-correlated regions observed here are engaged during running. For all between-group differences, there were significant associations between connectivity, self-reported physical activity, and estimates of maximum aerobic capacity, suggesting a dose-response relationship between engagement in endurance running and connectivity strength. Together these results suggest that differences in experience with endurance running are associated with differences in functional brain connectivity. High intensity aerobic activity that requires sustained, repetitive locomotor and navigational skills may stress cognitive domains in ways that lead to altered brain connectivity, which in turn has implications for understanding the beneficial role of exercise for brain and cognitive function over the lifespan.
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Anthierens, Agathe. "Réponses hémodynamiques et métaboliques des muscles paravertébraux à l'exercice : influence de la lombalgie chronique et de la pratique d'activités physiques." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S009.
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Introduction : Les muscles paravertébraux interviennent en permanence dans les tâches de la vie quotidienne pour la stabilisation et la mobilisation du rachis. Cela nécessite la contribution du métabolisme aérobie musculaire. La lombalgie chronique est caractérisée par un haut niveau de fatigabilité et des sensations de douleur au regard des muscles paravertébraux, qui pourraient être en partie attribués à l’altération des réponses du métabolisme aérobie musculaire, tandis que la pratique d’activités physiques et sportives (APS) pourrait améliorer ces réponses Objectif : L’objectif général était de déterminer la spécificité des réponses du métabolisme aérobie des muscles paravertébraux chez des patients lombalgiques chroniques, avant et après un programme de restauration fonctionnelle, et chez différents athlètes en bonne santé. Méthode : Quatre études ont été menées. Chaque participant a effectué des exercices isocinétiques sous-maximaux d’extension du tronc pendant cinq minutes, afin d’évaluer les réponses du métabolisme aérobie des muscles paravertébraux à l’exercice. Des sujets lombalgiques chroniques ont été appariés et comparés à des sujets sains, puis suivis au cours d’un programme de restauration fonctionnelle, dont la principale composante était l’exercice physique. Des sujets jeunes et en bonne santé, sportifs et non sportifs, ont été comparés entre eux. Résultats/Conclusion : Chez les lombalgiques chroniques, le programme de restauration fonctionnel a permis une accélération des cinétiques de V̇O2, une augmentation de l’oxygénation musculaire, et une augmentation de l’efficience mécanique à l’exercice. Chez les jeunes sportifs, les réponses aérobies étaient aussi améliorées, et la modification de ces réponses était dépendante des modalités d’entrainement. Ces résultats suggèrent que la pratique d’APS améliore la contribution du métabolisme aérobie au cours d’un exercice prolongé d’extension du tronc, au regard des muscles paravertébraux. Il n’y avait pas de différence entre les réponses métaboliques et hémodynamiques à l’exercice des lombalgiques chroniques, et celles des sujets sains, malgré un faible niveau de force maximale, et un haut niveau de fatigabilité musculaire à l’exercice chez les lombalgiques chroniques. Bien que les résultats préliminaires ne témoignent pas d’une altération des réponses chez les lombalgiques chroniques, nos travaux suggèrent que la pratique d’activités physiques pourrait diminuer le niveau de fatigabilité des muscles paravertébraux, et ainsi limiter les risques de blessure et de contre-performance, en améliorant les réponses aérobies à l’exercice<br>Introduction: Paraspinal muscles are required continuously during daily tasks for trunk stabilization and mobilization. For this, aerobic metabolism muscle contribution is required. Chronic low back pain is characterized by a high level of fatigability and pain sensations in regard to paraspinal muscles. These symptoms may be attributed to an alteration in aerobic metabolism responses. Conversely, practising physical and sports activities (PSA) could improve these responses.Objective: The main objective was to determine the specificities in aerobic metabolism responses in regard to paraspinal muscles, in chronic low back pain patients following a functional restoration program and in healthy athletes.Method: Four studies have been conducted. Participants performed submaximal trunk extension exercises on an isokinetic dynamometer for five minutes, to assess paraspinal muscle aerobic metabolism responses to exercises. Chronic low back pain patients were paired with and compared to healthy individuals and followed during a functional restoration program, in which physical exercise was the main component. Also, healthy young individuals, with and without sport specialization, were compared with each other.Results/Conclusion: In chronic low back pain patients, the functional restoration program allows an acceleration in V̇O2, kinetics, an increase in paraspinal muscle oxygenation, and an increase in mechanical efficiency to exercise. In young athletes, the aerobic responses were also improved, and the changes in responses depended on the training modalities. Practicing SPA enhances the aerobic metabolism contribution during prolonged trunk extension exercise, in regard to paraspinal muscles. There was no difference in aerobic metabolism responses between the chronic low back pain patients and the healthy individuals, despite weak levels of maximal strength and high levels of muscle fatigability when exercising (for the chronic low back pain patients). Although the preliminary results did not attest to an alteration in aerobic responses in chronic low back pain patients, our results suggest that practising physical activities could limit paraspinal muscle fatigability, which could be a way to prevent injury and disappointing performances, by improving aerobic metabolism responses to exercise
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Lam, Siu-wah Eric, and 林少華. "The effects of a 10-week strength training program on explosive strength, muscular endurance and aerobic capacity in 13- to 15-year-old boys." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257252.
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Lam, Siu-wah Eric. "The effects of a 10-week strength training program on explosive strength, muscular endurance and aerobic capacity in 13- to 15-year-old boys /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23476448.
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Consitt, Leslie A. N. "Comparison of anabolic hormone responses to aerobic and resistance exercise in physically active premenopausal females." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ65480.pdf.
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Ho, Doris, and 何穎莊. "Aerobic response of 9-10 year old children to rope jumping." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257197.
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Ranasinghe, Dilip Chathuranga. "The effects of supervised aerobic and resistance exercise training on Sri Lankan adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Sri Lanka diabetes aerobic and resistance training (SL-DART) study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/115457/1/115457_9304177_ranasinghe_dilip_chathuranga_thesis.pdf.
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This study had 2 components investigating the effects of exercise in Sri Lankan adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The quantitative component consisted of a 12 week randomized controlled trial comparing aerobic training, resistance training and usual care on glycaemic control (HBA1C), % body fat and range of clinically important endpoints. The qualitative component consisted of in-depth interviews to determine barriers/facilitators for adherence to different modes of exercise. The study proved, despite cultural challenges and barriers, the possibility of conducting a large-scale exercise intervention in Sri Lankans for the first time and merit of exercise in Sri Lankans with T2DM.
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Lima, Sergio Ricardo Cavalcante. "Respostas materno-fetais a pratica de exercicio fisico moderado na agua por gestantes sedentarias de baixo risco." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310049.
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Orientador: Jose Guilherme Cecatti<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T20:24:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Lima_SergioRicardoCavalcante_D.pdf: 8095700 bytes, checksum: f9c0a9d332dacd6ce2b290bc89881c1a (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2005<br>Resumo: Embora seja frequente a associação entre boa saúde e atividade física, existem ainda muitas dúvidas em relação à atividade física durante a gestação: tipo, intensidade, época e duração. Já existe evidência na literatura científica sobre os benefícios da atividade aeróbica durante a gestação, melhorando o condicionamento físico materno. Especialmente a prática de exercícios físico na água durante a gestação pode estar associada que melhora da capacidade aeróbica, melhora nas trocas gasosas, reeducação respiratória e auxílio no retorno venoso. Por outro lado, ainda não há evidencias que excluam a possibilidade de riscos para a mãe e feto, sobretudo quando a atividade física é de alta intensidade. Objetivos: fazer uma revisão sobre o assunto para a orientação sobre a prescrição de atividade física durante a gestação e avaliar a efetividade e segurança da realização de exercício físico aeróbico moderado em água, através da hidroginástica, para gestantes de baixo risco e sedentárias. Sujeitos e Método: foi realizado um ensaio clínico controlado e aleatorizado com 71 gestantes de baixo risco, admitidas no Ambulatório de Pré Natal Normal do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas ou no Centro de Saúde de Barão Geraldo. As gestantes que aceitaram participar do estudo foram alocadas aleatoriamente em dois grupos, segundo atividade física . No primeiro grupo, experimental, a gestante realizou exercício físico aeróbico moderado e regularmente, em piscina coberta, com água aquecida, três vezes por semana, com sessões de 50 minutos cada uma...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital<br>Abstract: Although the association between good health and physical activity is often highlighted, there are still several doubts regarding physical activity during pregnancy: kind, intensity, period and duration. There is already evidence in scientific literature on the benefits of aerobic activity during pregnancy, improving the maternal physical conditioning. Especially the practice of physical exercises in water immersion during pregnancy may be associated with the improvement of aerobic capacity, better gas changes, respiratory reeducation and better venous return. On the other hand, there are still not evidences excluding the possibility of risks to the mother and fetus, especially when the physical activity is of high intensity. Objectives: to perform a review on this topic for the orientation on the prescription of physical activity during pregnancy and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of performing moderate aerobic physical activity in water, through water aerobics, by low risk and sedentary pregnant women. Subjects and Method: a randomized controlled trial was performed including 71 low risk pregnant women admitted to the Pre Natal Outpatient Clinic at the Hospital das Clínicas, University of Campinas, or at the Health Center of Barão Geraldo. The women accepting to participate in the study were randomly allocated into two groups, according to physical activity. In the first group, experimental, the woman practiced moderate aerobic physical activity regularly in an indoor swimming pool, with warm water, three times a week, in sessions of 50 minutes each...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations<br>Doutorado<br>Ciencias Biomedicas<br>Doutor em Tocoginecologia
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Blanks, Anson M. "Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Monocyte Subset Receptor Expression and Macrophage Polarization." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5636.
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Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is hallmarked by inflammatory immune activation, particularly by the induction of a response by monocytes. Classical (CD14++CD16-) are anti-inflammatory mediators under homeostatic conditions, while intermediate (CD14++CD16+) and non-classical (CD14LowCD16++) monocytes promote inflammation following activation. Monocyte activation and functionality is dependent upon receptor expression and ligand production by a variety of cells, including monocytes. Alterations in the expression of surface receptors often have a direct impact upon monocyte function, such as the increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to activation that accompanies elevated CD14 expression or increased chemotaxis that is elicited by increased CCR2 expression. Ligand-receptor interactions also play a significant role in cell fate, including survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Monocytes are capable of differentiating into phagocytic cells known as macrophages in response to specific ligand-receptor interactions. Macrophages play a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of CVD. Imbalance between pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages can to lead disease development and progression, such as the skewing toward the M1 phenotype that occurs in CVD. Elucidation of these mechanisms will allow for the development of targeted interventions, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological physical interventions, such as physical exercise. Therefore, this dissertation investigates the role of CD14 and CCR2 monocyte subset receptors that impact immune-mediated inflammation following ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) as well as physical activity and cardiorespiratory endurance related differences in the acute exercise response of monocyte signaling, recruitment, and macrophage polarization and their potential role in CVD prevention.
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Manley, Dana. "Self-efficacy, physical activity, and aerobic fitness in middle school children examination of a pedometer intervention program /." View the abstract Download the full-text PDF version, 2008. http://etd.utmem.edu/ABSTRACTS/2008-015-Manley-index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D. )--University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2008.<br>Title from title page screen (viewed on July 17, 2008). Research advisor: Patricia Cowan, PhD. Document formatted into pages (ix, 87 p. : ill.). Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-70).
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Martin, Michele Y. "Effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on physical self-efficacy and social physique anxiety in female college students." Click here to access thesis, 2006. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/fall2005/michelle%5Fy%5Fmartin/martin%5Fmichele%5Fy%5F200601%5Fm.s..pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2006.<br>"A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science" ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-32) and appendices.
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Cook, Benjamin G. "Virtual 4-week Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training Intervention Impact on Physical Performance in Women Ages 20-29 Years Old." Ohio Dominican University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oduhonors162006390693786.
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Lumpkins, Logan, and Craig Wassinger. "Effects of Lower Extremity Aerobic Exercise and Conditioned Pain Modulation on Evoked Shoulder Pain." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/434.
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Background: Emerging evidence suggests that aerobic exercise and conditioned pain modulation may be advocated in treating patients with musculoskeletal pain. The effects of lower extremity aerobic exercise and conditioned pain modulation on evoked shoulder pain are not known.
Purpose: To determine the acute effects of lower extremity aerobic exercise and conditioned pain modulation on outcomes of evoked shoulder pain from pain pressure threshold measurements.
Study Design: Repeated measures.
Methods: Thirty (30) healthy volunteers were tested over the course of two sessions. Session 1 consisted of collecting pain pressure threshold measurements over the infraspinatus before and immediately following a conditioned pain modulation with cool water. Session 2 consisted of collecting pain pressure threshold measurements over the infraspinatus before and immediately following a bout of lower extremity aerobic exercise on a recumbent stepper apparatus.
Results: Pain pressure threshold was not significantly influenced by the conditioned pain modulation using cool water (p=0.725). Pain pressure threshold was significantly increased immediately following the lower extremity exercise session (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Conditioned pain modulation with cool water did not produce any significant changes in pain pressure threshold. Lower extremity aerobic exercise acutely increased pain pressure threshold in participants with experimentally induced shoulder pain. Physical therapists may consider lower extremity aerobic exercise to produce short-term hypoalgesic effects and facilitate the application of more active interventions.
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Pierce, Victoria F. "Reproducibility and validity of two anaerobic threshold methodologies with overweight women." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45890.
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<p>The twofold purposes of this investigation were: to
determine the reliability and validity of two noninvasive
methods for determining anaerobic threshold (AT) and; to
examine the effect of an aerobic training program on the AT.
Twelve sedentary, overweight women participated in an 8 wk
walk/jog program 3 dâ ¢wk<sup>-1</sup> at 70% VO<sub>2max</sub> with a concurrent
hypocaloric diet. A computerized polynomial regression and
four independent reviewers were used in an attempt to
decrease the subjectivity of noninvasive AT estimation from
data plots. Duplicate plots allowed determination of
intra-reviewer variability for AT<sub>FEO2</sub> and AT<sub>VE/VO2</sub>
estimation. All reviewers fell within the 2-10% variability
range accepted for research and clinical purposes,
respectively.</p><br>Master of Science
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Pindus, Dominika. "The relations between objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, chronic aerobic exercise and cognitive control in children and adolescents." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/17621.
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Physical inactivity among young people is a public health concern. Markers of physical inactivity, such as low cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF) and obesity are adversely related to higher order cognitive functions, which underpin goal directed behaviour (i.e. cognitive control) and are implicated in academic achievement. Regular aerobic exercise can benefit cognitive control in children. However, it remains unknown whether daily physical activity behaviour is associated with cognitive control. Investigating this is important as targeting increments in daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may initially be a more realistic policy goal than developing aerobic exercise interventions. Nominal number of studies assessed this relationship using objective monitoring of physical activity (accelerometry), and yielded mixed results. None of the studies into objectively measured physical activity and cognitive function in young people controlled for CRF, which is posited to mediate the relationship between regular aerobic exercise and cognitive control. Likewise, other important confounders such as intelligence, have yet to be addressed in the literature. Moreover, it is unknown whether this relationship varies with age, as extant studies looked solely at younger adolescents. For example, meta-analytical findings (Fedewa & Ahn, 2011) suggest that children can benefit more cognitively from CRF and chronic aerobic exercise than adolescents as greater effect sizes have been observed for younger compared to older youngsters. Alternatively, chronic aerobic exercise may be specifically needed for cognitive benefits to emerge. However, none of the aerobic exercise interventions included objective assessments of baseline physical activity and few studies assessed the effects of chronic aerobic exercise interventions on multiple indices of cognitive control. This thesis aimed to address the limitations of previous research and to investigate: 1) the associations between objectively measured daily MVPA and cognitive control in older adolescents (study 1), and 2) in preadolescent children (study 2), while controlling for CRF, general intellectual ability and a number of important confounders (e.g. adiposity, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder); 3) the relationship between daily MVPA and academic achievement (study 2); 4) the effects of chronic aerobic exercise intervention on cognitive control in children, while controlling for objectively measured daily MVPA and time sedentary at baseline (study 3). Methods: Study 1. A sample of 667 adolescents (Mage = 15.4, SD = .17, 55.5% girls) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children was included in the analyses. MVPA was measured with ActiGraph, GT1M accelerometer. CRF was assessed with sub-maximal cycle ergometer test and expressed as weight adjusted predicted physical work capacity at the heart rate of 170 beats per minute (PWC-170). Attentional control was measured with Stop Signal task. Study 2. A sample of 81 children (Mage = 8.64 years, SD = .57, 45.7 % girls) was included in the analyses. MVPA was objectively measured using the ActiGraph, wGT3X+ accelerometer. CRF was measured using a maximal graded exercise test on a treadmill. Inhibitory control was assessed with a modified Eriksen flanker task, working memory with Operation Span Task; and academic achievement with Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement. Study 3. 32 children (Mage = 8.64, SD = .58, 56.2% girls) were randomised into a physical activity intervention (FITKids2) or a waitlist control group. Changes in VO2max were measured using a maximal graded treadmill exercise test and changes in MVPA were objectively monitored for 7 days using the ActiGraph, wGT3X+ accelerometer. Behavioural measures of inhibition (reaction time, and accuracy) and working memory (accuracy) were taken using computerised laboratory tasks (modified Eriksen flanker task and Operation Span Task). Results: Study 1. MVPA was not significantly related to cognitive processing speed or variability of cognitive performance in hierarchical linear regression models. In simple regression models, CRF was negatively related to mean RT on the simple go condition (R2 = 2.6%, F(1, 308) = 8.28, p = .004). Study 2. No significant associations were noted between MVPA and either inhibition, working memory, or academic achievement. In contrast, CRF explained 4.7% of variance in accuracy interference (ΔR2 = .047, p = .045; β = -.22, t(78) = 2.03, p = .045, F(2, 78) = 4.95, p = .009). Study 3. FITKids2 physical activity intervention had a positive effect on the speed of responding during incongruent condition of flanker task (F(1, 30) = 4.69, p = .038, ηp2 = .13). A significant increase in BMI percentile was observed in the control (Z = 2.17, p = .03) but not in the intervention group (p = .53). Discussion: Study 1. Our results suggest that aerobic fitness, but not MVPA, was associated with cognitive processing speed under less cognitively demanding task conditions. The results thus indicate a potential global effect of aerobic fitness on cognitive functions in adolescents but this may differ depending on the specific task characteristics. Study 2. The results of this study suggest that CRF but not objectively measured MVPA was associated with better interference control in preadolescent children. Given the intermittent nature of children s daily MVPA, it is possible that aerobic exercise, which increases CRF is needed for cognitive benefits to emerge. Study 3. FITKids2 after-school physical activity intervention had a positive effect on children s inhibitory control, namely this cognitive function, which is closely related to academic achievement and future job and health outcomes. Thus, the results of this study convey a positive public health message, where promoting child s engagement in aerobic exercise can engender benefits to their cognitive function. Conclusions: The findings from this thesis can inform development of physical activity interventions to benefit cognitive functions in young people and contribute to the evidence base to inform future health and educational policies.
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Qadir, Aneela. "THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TYPES ON AFFECT AND COGNTION AFTER A STRESSOR." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1430920936.
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Bochkezanian, Vanesa. "Physical Capacity, Function and Quality of Life in Participants with Stroke and Spinal Cord Injury in a Community Exercise Program." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9440.
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The primary aim of this thesis is to examine the effect of exercise training and physical capacity on function and quality of life in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and stroke participating in a community-based exercise program. To achieve this aim, this thesis includes a systematic review on SCI and a systematic review on stroke. Based on a combination of aerobic and muscle strength training we defined the criteria for both systematic reviews to analyse the effectiveness of this type of intervention in improving aerobic fitness, muscle strength, physical activity levels, function and quality of life in people with SCI and in people following stroke. Results from the systematic review on SCI provide initial evidence of significant improvements in muscle strength with this type of intervention and also that the ideal dose for muscle strength training would be 50 to 80% 1RM with progression applied. The systematic review on stroke revealed that this type of intervention was effective in improving muscle strength, but only when the training was specific to target muscle groups. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted for people with SCI and people with stroke examining the relationship between exercise training and physical capacity on function and quality of life. Muscle strength seemed to be an important determinant of functional outcomes in both people with SCI and people with stroke. As far as aerobic fitness, physical activity level and its relationship with functional outcomes, further research is needed for conclusions in both SCI and stroke. Finally, influence of functional outcomes on quality of life needs further research to allow any conclusions.
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Dobson, Bryan Paul. "Effects of intermittent hypoxic exposure on physical performance in trained basketball players." AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/853.
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Strong evidence exists to support the use of a continuous (>8hr/day) hypoxic stimulus (either geographical altitude or simulated hypoxia) for enhancing the physical performance of endurance athletes. However, evidence supporting the use of acutely intermittent hypoxia (<1hr/day) for enhancing performance is less clear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acutely intermittent hypoxic exposure on physiological and physical performance measures in team sport athletes. Using a single-blind controlled design, 14 trained basketball players (HYP = 7, CON = 7) were subjected to 15 days of intermittent hypoxia or normoxia. Each exposure was 37 minutes in duration (four cycles of 7min on, 3min off) and achieved using a nitrogen dilution device (Airo Ltd, Auckland, NZ). Prescribed peripheral oxygen saturation levels (SpO2) were maintained using an automatic biofeedback system and were progressively decreased from 86-89% on Day 1 to 75-78% on Day 15. A range of physiological measures and performance tests were conducted seven and two days before, and ten days after the intervention. The tests were: an incremental treadmill test to establish peak oxygen consumption ( peak) and running economy (RE), Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (YYIRT), and the Repeated High-Intensity Endurance Test (RHIET). Whole-blood samples were taken to assess a range of haematological measures. At 10 days post-intervention the HYP group, relative to the CON group, exhibited the following percent changes (±90% confidence limits, CL), and effect sizes (ES; ±90% CL); YYIRT running speedpeak (4.8; ± 1.6%, ES: 1.0 ± 0.4; benefit almost certain), RHIET total sprint time (-3.5; ± 1.6%; ES: -0.4 ± 0.2; benefit very likely), RHIET slowest sprint time (-5.0; ± 2.4%; ES: -0.5 ± 0.2; benefit very likely), soluble transferrin receptor (9.2; ± 10.1%; ES: 0.3 ± 0.3; benefit possible) running economy (11km.hr-1) (-9.0; ± 9.7%; ES: -0.7 ± 0.7; benefit likely, probable), and running economy (13km.hr-1) (-8.2; ± 6.9%; ES: -0.7 ± 0.5; benefit likely, probable). Changes to running economy (9km.hr-1), peak, maximum heart rate and lactate and all other blood measures were unclear. In conclusion, acutely intermittent hypoxia resulted in worthwhile changes in physical performance of trained basketball players in tests relevant to competition. However, the lack of clear change in physiological and haematological measures makes it difficult to determine the underlying mechanism for such enhancement.
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ABIDI, SYED TAHA JAMIL. "Is Physical activity and effective tool to reduce depression after coronary artery event ? - A Systematic Review." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24701.
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Background: In most countries of the Western world there have been positive reductions in incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the past decades, among both men and women, but still mortality due to these disease groups are very high. Many studies about myocardial infarction have shown that depression after an event is related to poor medical outcomes from the disease. This means prolonged disability events of angina, arrhythmias, re-hospitalization and increased rate of mortality. In post myocardial infarction patients, depression is a major cause of both short and long term mortality. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the scientific literature by a systematic review in order to find evidence based knowledge about the benefit of physical activity as a tool to reduce depression in patients with coronary artery event.Method: Three databases were searched (Pubmed, CINHAL, Cochrane) systematically and all articles that met inclusion criteria were examined and graded according to the criteria “Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations” by Atkins. A special protocol was designed further from AMSTAR by Beverley, for systematic review with and without the meta-analysis study. Results: It was evident that scientific reports fitting to the area was scarce showing that the area of interest was fairly new. Finally ten studies were included in this study, one meta-analysis, five randomized controlled trail and four clinical trials. The results showed low to moderate evidence for the use of high, moderate and low level of exercise as a tool to reduce depression in post coronary artery event patients.Conclusion: The following study concluded that, exercise shows positive effects to reduce the level of depression among coronary artery event patients.
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黃佩儀 and Pui-yi Wong. "The relationships among habitual physical activity, daily eating habits, aerobic fitness and cardiovascular risk factors in Hong Kongmales." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3125732X.
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Alberga, Angela S. "The Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Training on the Cardiometabolic Health of Adolescents with Obesity." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26160.
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Physical inactivity and obesity in adolescence are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although exercise is recommended for the management of obesity, we know little about which types of exercise training are the most effective in reducing excess body fat and improving CVD risk in obese adolescents. This dissertation examined the effects of aerobic training, resistance training and their combination on the cardiometabolic health (body composition, CVD risk markers, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and fitness) of obese adolescents who participated in the Healthy Eating Aerobic and Resistance Training in Youth (HEARTY) trial. After a 4-week supervised moderate-intensity exercise run-in period, 304 overweight and obese adolescents were randomized to 4 groups for 22 weeks: Aerobic training, Resistance training, Combined aerobic and resistance exercise training, or a non-exercising Control. All four groups received dietary counseling designed to promote healthy eating with a maximum daily energy deficit of 250 kcal. Participants were assessed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. Body composition was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Blood tests for traditional and non-traditional CVD risk markers were measured after a 12-hour fast. RMR and cardiorespiratory fitness were assessed using indirect calorimetry at rest and during a maximal treadmill test respectively. Musculoskeletal fitness (muscular strength, endurance, flexibility) was assessed using eight repetition maximum tests (8-RM) on the leg press, chest press and upright row machines and using the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology- Canadian Physical Activity Fitness and Lifestyle Appraisal (CSEP-CPAFLA) tests for grip strength, push-ups, sit-ups, sit and reach and vertical jump. Decreases in percent body fat and abdominal fat were greatest in the combined training group. Although body weight, RMR and traditional CVD risk markers did not improve following the exercise intervention, the combined training group showed improvements in cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness and some non-traditional CVD risk markers. Cumulatively, combined aerobic and resistance exercise training showed the greatest improvements in cardiometabolic health in overweight and obese adolescents. This thesis concludes with a knowledge translation article detailing the practical lessons learned from exercise interventions with obese youth with hopes of increasing adherence to future exercise programs and improving the overall health of children and adolescents with obesity.
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Harkrider, Tiffani L. "Treadmill validation of the Siconolfi step test." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5572/.
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Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is the internationally recognized measure of a person's cardiorespiratory fitness. Currently the most accurate way of assessing one's true VO2max involves the use of maximal exercise tests, which require the use of specialized equipment, and are time consuming and costly. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the submaximal Siconolfi step test to estimate VO2max. A second purpose was to determine if body fat percentage improved the validity. Thirty-six individuals underwent a maximal treadmill test, in which VO2max was directly measured, and the step test. Results indicate that, although VO2max estimates generated by the Siconolfi step test are highly correlated to true VO2max (r =.887; p<.01), the values consistently underestimated a person's aerobic fitness. It was also determined that body fat percentage did not contribute to the prediction of VO2max.
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Byfält, Lydia, and Charlotte Hellerström. "Friskis&Svettis ”Börja träna”-kurs och skillnader på livskvalitet och skattad fysisk aktivitet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysioterapi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322612.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrund: Regelbunden fysisk aktivitet leder till positiva hälsoeffekter och är därmed viktig som primär- och sekundärprevention för flera olika sjukdomar och för tidig död. Primärprevention ges dock begränsat utrymme inom sjukvården och därmed kan ett samarbete med andra hälsofrämjande aktörer i samhället vara motiverat. Syfte: Att undersöka om deltagare skattar högre upplevd livskvalitet och fysisk aktivitetsnivå efter Friskis&Svettis (F&S) tio veckor långa ”Börja träna”-kurs samt undersöka om det fanns en korrelation mellan livskvalitet och fysisk aktivitetsnivå. Metod: 95 deltagare (81 kvinnor, 14 män) med en medelålder på 50 år fyllde i två enkäter, en före och en efter interventionen. En inomgruppsjämförelse samt en korrelationsanalys gällande livskvalitet och fysisk aktivitetsnivå gjordes. Resultat: Medianen för livskvalitet var 7 före interventionen och 8 efter vilket var en signifikant ökning (p=0,022). Även för fysisk aktivitet var ökningen signifikant med en median på 3 före interventionen och 4 efter (p<0,001). I studien sågs ett mycket svagt samband mellan livskvalitet och fysisk aktivitetsnivå före interventionen (r=-0,172, p=0,122). Konklusion: Efter deltagande i F&S ”Börja träna”-kurs skattade deltagarna högre livskvalitet och fysisk aktivitetsnivå. På grund av ett stort bortfall och flera metodologiska felkällor bör resultatet användas med försiktighet och vidare studier är därmed nödvändiga.