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Academic literature on the topic 'Aérospatiale (Ingénierie) – Matériaux – Évaluation'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aérospatiale (Ingénierie) – Matériaux – Évaluation"
Ben, Larbi Wael. "Comparaison expérimentale de la thermographie modulée et de la thermographie pulsée pour l'évaluation non destructive des matériaux employés en aérospatial." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27180/27180.pdf.
Full textXie, Youzhuan. "Biomatériaux hybrides innovants et leur évaluation in vivo." Littoral, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DUNK0154.
Full textThe calcium phosphate (Ca-P) ceramics have been used in the orthopedic surgery. Little has been known about their biological changes in the human body. Recently the hybrid material of Ca-P ceramic and BMSCs has been developed to reconstruct critical-sized bone defect. The nutrition supply in the center of large scaffold is still great obstacle in the way of reconstruction. Firstly, the undecalcified histological study was performed on 36 samples of bone substitutes retrieved from the orthopedic surgery. Secondly, the porous ß-TCP cylindrical scaffolds loaded with BMSCs were continuously perfused by a novel perfusion bioreactor. The cells proliferation and distribution were examined. The CFD was used to simulate the flow condition within the perfused scaffold to give insight into the mechanism of the cellular distribution. Lastly, the hybrid materials were implanted in the goats to repair the critical-sized tibial defects. The study documented the biological changes of the Ca-P ceramics in the human body. The newly designed perfusion bioreactor permitted the persistent nutrition supply and gas exchange into the centre of large scaffold. It made the BMSCs survive and proliferate through a large three-dimensional scaffold. The hybrid material could repair the long segmental bone defect efficiently in the goat
Khelif, Rabia. "Analyse de la rupture et évaluation de la durée de vie basée sur la fiabilité des tubes en polyéthylène pour le transport du gaz." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718327.
Full textTran, Gia Phuong. "Crack Inspection and simulations with Eddy Current Thermography for the Aerospace Industry." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30044/30044.pdf.
Full textEddy Current Thermography (ECT) is a non-contact, non-destructive testing (NDT) method, and nowadays it is used in a wide range of applications. This method combines eddy current and thermographic NDT techniques in order to provide an efficient method for crack detection. In this method, the eddy current is generated into metallic specimens. If the specimen contains cracks, the current flow and temperature propagation inside the metallic specimens would be affected by these cracks. The changes of temperature distribution are captured by an infrared camera. One of the main challenges in this method is that it requires many parameters in the experiments, such as coil excitations: the frequency value, number of turns, material of wire, radius of the coil...In order to optimize the experiments, numerical simulation is necessary, and COMSOL Multiphysics® FEM software is a very suitable solution. During the simulation process, a crack detection limit for a crack in a given metallic specimen has been proposed. The simulation results and crack detection limit are also verified using experiments in the laboratory. The final goal of this thesis is to provide the overall picture of the Eddy Current Thermography, crack detection limit and the manner in which to simulate as well as perform the experiments in order to detect cracks on the metallic plate specimens which were provided by L3-MAS and Pratt & Whitney Canada (P.W.C), the industrial partners involved in this project which was sponsored by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and The Consortium for Research and Innovation in Aerospace in Québec (CRIAQ).
Bacila, Adriana. "Influence des effets de surcharges et de souscharges sur la propagation d'une fissure de fatigue : Modélisation et estimation de la durée de vie des éléments de construction mécanique." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-358.pdf.
Full textAlhazmi, Hatem. "Une approche analyse de cycle de vie intégrée pour la durabilité. Application à l'évaluation environnementale de processus de dessalement de l'eau (dans le cas d'Arabie Saoudite)." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI072.
Full textThe scarcity of fresh water with enough (good) quality for human been is a problem which becomes more acute day by day. The increasing human populations along with increasing industrial and agricultural activities are adding more burden towered the depletion and pollution of fresh water resources. This situation becomes more serious in countries with limit water resources as Saudi Arabia which is the largest country in the world without natural fresh water resources. At the same time, Saudi Arabia is the third-largest per capita water consumer worldwide. To overcome the water shortage, sea water desalination technology has been used so far. Despite more than thirty-two desalination plants, the country faces a significant challenge to supply its population with the required amount of water. In this context, in the first place, this thesis presents a method for producing the required amount of water with minimal environmental impact while maintaining the required water quality need to be developed. Further, the possibilities of alternative energy in reducing the environmental impact from desalination needs are investigated, along with the suitability of different types of alternative energy that could be utilized in the particularly case of Saudi Arabia. Life cycle assessment (LCA) being a holistic method of assessing the environmental impacts of products it was used to assess the environmental impact of the desalination process and identifying the main reasons behind this damages. For this purpose, a collaboration with a desalination plant in Saudi Arabia was set up, which included visiting the plant several times. This allowed us to understand the desalination process, collect the required data and consider the possibilities of introducing alternative energy sources to power the desalination plants. In order to assess the environmental impact of the desalination process a LCA based on SimaPro software was performed. The results of the study showed that the most likely choice of desalination technology within the Saudi Arabian context is Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination. The LCA model showed also that electricity produced from fossil fuel was the responsible of 92.8% of the environmental damages. Further, the most suitable alternatives to produce electricity to RO desalination are solar energy and wind energy instead of fossil crude oil. The LCA showed that using alternative energy as the source to supply electricity to desalination may substantially reduce the environmental impact
Alvarado, patino Nelson Andrey. "Évaluation des performances thermomécaniques des enrobés bitumineux à fort taux de recyclage : Apport du procédé de régénération Fenixfalt." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAR0021/document.
Full textAn experimental programme has been performed on three types of bituminous mixes with variable recycling rates and the possible addition of rejuvenator. The mix composition and the production process have been defined in order to perform a comparative analysis. The coating process modifies the physico-chemical parameters of the binders, like consistency, glassy transition temperature, cristallizable moiety, aromatics and asphaltenes rates; the above variations are limited by using the rejuvenator. As the RAP content increases, the compactibility and the rutting of the mixes decrease and the viscoelastic stiffness increases, but the rejuvenation reduces these variations. Globally, RAP increases the fatigue resistance of the mixes and flattens the Wöhler curve. Rejuvenation enhances ɛ6 fatigue parameter; fatigue performances increase with R&B temperature and colloidal index of the binder and as the viscous component of the mixes decreases. The positive impact of a high rate of RAP and of the rejuvenation on the allowable traffic has been evaluated from the structural design of a threelayered pavement. At low temperature, the deterioration of the tension ductility and of the stress restrained failure temperature produced by the RAP, is limited by the rejuvenation; a compromise with the fatigue resistance has to be found. The rejuvenated mixes laid as surface layers on a provincial road have experienced a smaller evolution that non rejuvenated mixes
Lahbib, Insaf. "Contribution à l'analyse des effets de vieillissement de composants actifs et de circuits intégrés sous contraintes DC et RF en vue d'une approche prédictive." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC256.
Full textThe work of this thesis focuses on the simulation of the electrical parameters degradation of MOS and bipolar transistors under static and dynamic stresses. This study was conducted using an in-house reliability simulation tool. According to the MOS or bipolar technology, the studied mechanisms were successively: Hot Carrier Injection, Bias Temperature instability, Mixed Mode and Reverse base emitter bias. The investigation was then extended to circuit-level. The effect of transistors degradation on a ring oscillator frequency and the RF performances of a low noise amplifier were investigated. The circuits were subjected to DC, AC and RF constraints. Predictability of these degradations has been validated by experimental aging tests on encapsulated and PCB-mounted demonstrators. The results of these studies proved the accuracy of the simulator and validated the quasi-static calculation method used to predict the degradation under dynamic stress. The goal of this research is to embed this predictive approach into a circuit design flow to ensure its reliability