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Journal articles on the topic 'Aetiocetidae'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 20 July 2025

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1

Peredo, Carlos Mauricio, and Nicholas D. Pyenson. "Salishicetus meadi , a new aetiocetid from the late Oligocene of Washington State and implications for feeding transitions in early mysticete evolution." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 4 (2018): 172336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.172336.

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Living baleen whales, or Mysticeti, lack teeth and instead feed using keratinous baleen plates to sieve prey-laden water. This feeding strategy is profoundly different from that of their toothed ancestors, which processed prey using the differentiated dentition characteristic of mammals. The fossil record of mysticetes reveals stem members that include extinct taxa with dentition, illuminating the morphological states that preceded the loss of teeth and the subsequent origin of baleen. The relationships among stem mysticetes, including putative clades such as Mammalodontidae and Aetiocetidae, remain debatable. Aetiocetids are among the more species-rich clade of stem mysticetes, and known only from fossil localities along the North Pacific coastline. Here, we report a new aetiocetid, Salishicetus meadi gen. et sp. nov, from the late Oligocene of Washington State, USA. Salishicetus preserves a near-complete lower dentition with extensive occlusal wear, indicating that it processed prey using shearing cheek teeth in the same way as its stem cetacean ancestors. Using a matrix with all known species of aetiocetids, we recover a monophyletic Aetiocetidae, crownward of a basal clade of Mammalodontidae. The description of Salishicetus resolves phylogenetic relationships among aetiocetids, which provides a basis for reconstructing ancestral feeding morphology along the stem leading to crown Mysticeti.

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2

Marx, Felix G., Cheng-Hsiu Tsai, and R. Ewan Fordyce. "A new Early Oligocene toothed ‘baleen’ whale (Mysticeti: Aetiocetidae) from western North America: one of the oldest and the smallest." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 12 (2015): 150476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150476.

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Archaic toothed mysticetes represent the evolutionary transition from raptorial to bulk filter feeding in baleen whales. Aetiocetids, in particular, preserve an intermediate morphological stage in which teeth functioned alongside a precursor of baleen, the hallmark of all modern mysticetes. To date, however, aetiocetids are almost exclusively Late Oligocene and coeval with both other toothed mysticetes and fully fledged filter feeders. By contrast, reports of cetaceans from the Early Oligocene remain rare, leaving the origins of aetiocetids, and thus of baleen, largely in the dark. Here, we report a new aetiocetid, Fucaia buelli , from the earliest Oligocene ( ca 33–31 Ma) of western North America. The new material narrows the temporal gap between aetiocetids and the oldest known mysticete, Llanocetus ( ca 34 Ma). The specimen preserves abundant morphological detail relating to the phylogenetically informative ear bones (otherwise poorly documented in this family), the hyoid apparatus and much of the (heterodont) dentition. Fucaia comprises some of the smallest known mysticetes, comparable in size with the smallest odontocetes. Based on their phylogenetic relationships and dental and mandibular morphology, including tooth wear patterns, we propose that aetiocetids were suction-assisted raptorial feeders and interpret this strategy as a crucial, intermediary step, enabling the transition from raptorial to filter feeding. Following this line of argument, a combination of raptorial and suction feeding would have been ancestral to all toothed mysticetes, and possibly even baleen whales as a whole.

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3

Tsai, Cheng-Hsiu, and Tatsuro Ando. "Niche Partitioning in Oligocene Toothed Mysticetes (Mysticeti: Aetiocetidae)." Journal of Mammalian Evolution 23, no. 1 (2015): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10914-015-9292-y.

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4

Shipps, B. K., Carlos Mauricio Peredo, and Nicholas D. Pyenson. "Borealodon osedax , a new stem mysticete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Oligocene of Washington State and its implications for fossil whale-fall communities." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 7 (2019): 182168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.182168.

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Baleen whales (mysticetes) lack teeth as adults and instead filter feed using keratinous baleen plates. They do not echolocate with ultrasonic frequencies like toothed whales but are instead known for infrasonic acoustics. Both baleen and infrasonic hearing are separately considered key innovations linked to their gigantism, evolutionary success and ecological diversity. The earliest mysticetes had teeth, and the phylogenetic position of many so-called toothed mysticetes remains debated, including those belonging to the nominal taxonomic groups Llanocetidae, Mammalodontidae and Aetiocetidae. Here, we report a new stem mysticete, Borealodon osedax gen. et sp. nov., from the Oligocene of Washington State, USA. Borealodon preserves multi-cusped teeth with apical wear; microCT scans of the inner ear indicate that the minimum frequency hearing limit of Borealodon was similar to mammalodontids. Borealodon is not recovered within a monophyletic Mammalodontidae nor a monophyletic Aetiocetidae; instead, it represents an unnamed lineage of stem Mysticeti, adding to the diversity of stem mysticetes, especially across the Rupelian–Chattian boundary. Furthermore, the presence of a putative chemosynthetic bivalve along with Osedax , a bone-boring annelid, found in association with the type specimen of Borealodon , offer more insights into the evolution of deep-sea whale-fall communities.

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5

Na’illah Ega Sivana, Rahajeng Galuh Tribuana, Rifqi Ilham, and Muhimatul Umami. "Literatur Review: Kajian Evolusi Paus Balin Secara Filogenetik dan Molekuler." Jurnal Ilmiah Dan Karya Mahasiswa 3, no. 1 (2025): 01–14. https://doi.org/10.54066/jikma.v3i1.2863.

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The evolution of Mysticeti (baleen whales) shows a unique transition from teeth to baleen, a specialized keratin structure that allows mass filtering methods to utilize zooplankton as a primary food source. This process includes significant anatomical, morphological, and molecular changes in their evolutionary history. This study examines paleontological, ontogenetic, and molecular evidence to understand the evolutionary mechanisms of tooth loss and the emergence of baleen. Genetic analysis shows inactivating mutations in enamel genes such as MMP20, ACP4, and KLK4 that promote the loss of enamel and teeth in Mysticeti. Paleontological findings indicate proto-baleen in Aetiocetidae as an important transitional stage to modern baleen structures. This study highlights the evolution of unique adaptations in Mysticeti that enabled their ecological success as the world's largest filter-feeding predators.

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6

Marx, Felix G., David P. Hocking, Travis Park, Tim Ziegler, Alistair R. Evans, and Erich M.G. Fitzgerald. "Suction feeding preceded filtering in baleen whale evolution." Memoirs of Museum Victoria 75 (May 21, 2017): 71–82. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.581695.

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The origin of baleen, the key adaptation of modern whales (Mysticeti), marks a profound yet poorly understood transition in vertebrate evolution, triggering the rise of the largest animals on Earth. Baleen is thought to have appeared in archaic tooth-bearing mysticetes during a transitional phase that combined raptorial feeding with incipient bulk filtering. Here we show that tooth wear in a new Late Oligocene mysticete belonging to the putatively transitional family Aetiocetidae is inconsistent with the presence of baleen, and instead indicative of suction feeding. Our findings suggest that baleen arose much closer to the origin of toothless mysticete whales than previously thought. In addition, they suggest an entirely new evolutionary scenario in which the transition from raptorial to baleen-assisted filter feeding was mediated by suction, thereby avoiding the problem of functional interference between teeth and the baleen rack.

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7

Barnes, Lawrence G., Masaichi Kimura, Hitoshi Furusawa, and Hiroshi Sawamura. "Classification and distribution of Oligocene Aetiocetidae (Mammalia; Cetacea; Mysticeti) from western North America and Japan." Island Arc 3, no. 4 (1994): 392–431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.1994.tb00122.x.

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8

Steeman, Mette Elstrup. "Cladistic analysis and a revised classification of fossil and recent mysticetes." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150, no. 4 (2007): 875–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00313.x.

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Steeman, Mette Elstrup (2007): Cladistic analysis and a revised classification of fossil and recent mysticetes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150 (4): 875-894, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00313.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00313.x

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9

Deméré, Thomas A., and Annalisa Berta. "Skull anatomy of the Oligocene toothed mysticete Aetioceus weltoni (Mammalia; Cetacea): implications for mysticete evolution and functional anatomy." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 154, no. 2 (2008): 308–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00414.x.

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Deméré, Thomas A., Berta, Annalisa (2008): Skull anatomy of the Oligocene toothed mysticete Aetioceus weltoni (Mammalia; Cetacea): implications for mysticete evolution and functional anatomy. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 154 (2): 308-352, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00414.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00414.x

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10

Tsai, Cheng-Hsiu, Toshiyuki Kimura, and Yoshikazu Hasegawa. "Coexistence of Oligocene toothed and baleen-assisted mysticetes in the northwestern Pacific." Fossil Record 27, no. 1 (2024): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.27.e111567.

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Oligocene mysticetes display an unparalleled diversity and morphological disparity in the evolutionary history of Mysticeti. However, their paleoecological aspects, such as the patterns of coexistence of different morphotypes, remain poorly explored. Here we describe an aetiocetid (toothed mysticete) from the Jinnobaru Formation (lower upper Oligocene, about 28 million years ago) of Umashima Island, Kitakyushu, Japan. Our description of a toothed mysticete from the Oligocene of Umashima exemplifies the coexistence of toothed and baleen-assisted mysticetes in the northwestern Pacific. Hopefully, new finds of Oligocene mysticetes will lead to a well-sampled dataset for analyzing this and other related paleoecological traits to understand the demise of “archaic” Oligocene mysticetes and the subsequent rise of the modern-looking baleen-bearing whales in Miocene times.

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11

Tsai, Cheng-Hsiu, Toshiyuki Kimura, and Yoshikazu Hasegawa. "Coexistence of Oligocene toothed and baleen-assisted mysticetes in the northwestern Pacific." Fossil Record 27, no. 1 (2024): 95–100. https://doi.org/10.3897/fr.27.111567.

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Abstract:

Oligocene mysticetes display an unparalleled diversity and morphological disparity in the evolutionary history of Mysticeti. However, their paleoecological aspects, such as the patterns of coexistence of different morphotypes, remain poorly explored. Here we describe an aetiocetid (toothed mysticete) from the Jinnobaru Formation (lower upper Oligocene, about 28 million years ago) of Umashima Island, Kitakyushu, Japan. Our description of a toothed mysticete from the Oligocene of Umashima exemplifies the coexistence of toothed and baleen-assisted mysticetes in the northwestern Pacific. Hopefully, new finds of Oligocene mysticetes will lead to a well-sampled dataset for analyzing this and other related paleoecological traits to understand the demise of “archaic” Oligocene mysticetes and the subsequent rise of the modern-looking baleen-bearing whales in Miocene times.

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12

Hernández-Cisneros, Atzcalli Ehécatl. "A new aetiocetid (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Aetiocetidae) from the late Oligocene of Mexico." Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 20, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2022.2100725.

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13

Carlos, Mauricio Peredo, and D. Pyenson Nicholas. "Dataset for Peredo and Pyenson—RSOS Aetiocetid 3D Data." April 18, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.834321.

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14

Hernández Cisneros, Atzcalli E., and Jorge Velez‐Juarbe. "Palaeobiogeography of the North Pacific toothed mysticetes (Cetacea, Aetiocetidae): a key to Oligocene cetacean distributional patterns." Palaeontology, October 6, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pala.12507.

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15

Hernández Cisneros, Atzcalli E., and Jorge Velez-Juarbe. "Morphology of the toothed mysticete Fucaia goedertorum and a reassessment of Aetiocetidae (Cetacea, Mysticeti)." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, February 11, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2024.2436924.

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16

Ekdale, Eric G., and Thomas A. Deméré. "Neurovascular evidence for a co-occurrence of teeth and baleen in an Oligocene mysticete and the transition to filter-feeding in baleen whales." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, May 24, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab017.

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Abstract Extant baleen whales (Mysticeti) have a deciduous foetal dentition, but are edentulous at birth. Fossils reveal that the earliest mysticetes possessed an adult dentition. Aetiocetids, a diverse clade of Oligocene toothed mysticetes, have a series of small palatal foramina and associated sulci medial to the postcanine dentition. The openings have been homologized with lateral palatal foramina that transmit neurovascular structures to baleen in extant mysticetes, thereby implying a co-occurrence of teeth and baleen in aetiocetids. However, homology of the foramina and sulci have been questioned. Using CT-imaging, we report that the lateral palatal foramina of Aetiocetus weltoni are connected internally to the superior alveolar canal, which transmits neurovascular structures to baleen in extant mysticetes and to teeth in extant odontocetes. Furthermore, the lateral palatal foramina of Aetiocetus are separate from the more medially positioned canals for the greater palatine arterial system. These results provide critical evidence to support the hypothesis that the superior alveolar neurovasculature was co-opted in aetiocetids and later diverging mysticetes to serve a new function associated with baleen. We evaluate competing hypotheses for the transition from teeth to baleen, and explore the transition from raptorial feeding in early mysticetes to filter-feeding in extant species.

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