Relevant bibliographies by topics / Afar, Ethiopie

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Afar, Ethiopie'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Afar, Ethiopie"

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Beru, Tsegaye. "Brief History of the Ethiopian Legal Systems - Past and Present." International Journal of Legal Information 41, no. 3 (2013): 335–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500011938.

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As a country, Ethiopia needs no introduction. Its three thousand years of history has been told and documented by many who lived in and traveled to Ethiopia The discovery of Lucy, the 3.2 million years old hominid, iconic fossil in the Afar region of Ethiopia in 1974, attests to the fact that Ethiopia is indeed one of the oldest nations in the world. The origin of the northern Ethiopian Empire, is chronicled in the legendary story of Cush, the son of Ham and the founder of the Axumite Kingdom, who gave the name Ethiopis to the area surrounding Axum and later to his son. Ethiopia is thus derived from it which in Greek means land of the burnt or black faces.
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Abeshu, Gemechu Adimassu. "The Rise of New Forms of Power in Africa: The Emergence of Big Men in the Afar Region of Ethiopia." Modern Africa: Politics, History and Society 7, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26806/modafr.v7i2.262.

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This article chronicles the emergence of a new form of power in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. The Afar people are predominantly Muslim pastoralists who live in a territory referred to as the Afar-Triangle (located in Ethiopia, Djibouti and Eritrea). Fieldwork for this study was conducted on Dobi in the Afar Region of Ethiopia, the second largest salt mining site in Ethiopia. In 2004, Dobi fell under the control of an individual by the name of As Mohammed Humed Yayyo. This article focuses on this specific Big Man. Since his emergence, this Big Man became the sole power figure who grants access to mine salt on Dobi and who collects taxes. The nature of the relation between the Big Man and the Ethiopian State has been fluid and is characterised by collaboration and conflict.
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Storaas, Frode, Rolf Erik Scott, and Getachew Kassa Negussie. "The Go Between." Journal of Anthropological Films 3, no. 1 (September 15, 2019): e1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/jaf.v3i1.1537.

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The Islamic pastoral Afars inhabit the northeastern rangelands of Ethiopia. Some have settled in towns and trade centers where the Ethiopian state is present with the police and other government officials. The Ethiopian government is working on implementing state laws on the Afar who previously lived outside the regulations of the state. Now, however, many Afars have a foot in both sectors, having a home in town while maintaining close contact with their nomadic relatives. Hussein Hayie has a government position as Peace and Security officer. His work is to judge whether an incident should be handled as a criminal case for the police or be left as a case to be solved the traditional way by the elders of the clans. The Afar political organization is based on both territory and kinship. The political institutions are geared towards social control and the resolution of conflicts. The tribal leaders are often called upon to intervene before a small matter escalates to homicide and if a homicide occurs, to work out agreements of compensation in order to avoid blood-feuds. The film follows Hussein Hayie in town and when he visits his families in the nomadic camps. As a government employee, he is continuously on duty and in the film we see how he is called to act. However, Hussein is constantly treading a thin line in when negotiating cases a society existing both outside and inside the state. 36 mins. 2014.
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Magnet, Joseph Eliot. "Ethiopia-Eritrea Rapproachment." African Journal of Legal Studies 12, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340041.

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Abstract On July 9, 2018 Ethiopia and Eritrea signed a Joint Declaration of Peace and Friendship. On July 17, 2018 Ethiopia announced plans for landlocked Ethiopia to use Eritrea’s port of Assab. Ethiopia’s proposed use of Assab has implications for the indigenous Afar people who have lived in the port area for two thousand years. The United Nations Special Rapporteur on the situation of Human Rights in Eritrea and the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in Eritrea found that Eritrea engaged in widespread persecution of the Afar people, including evicting them from the port area of Assab without any compensation. Both UN entities found that this persecution amounted to crimes against humanity. This paper considers the legal consequences for Ethiopia and Ethiopian officials if they use the Assab port area taken from the Afar by criminal means: will they be involving themselves in Eritrea’s crimes? The paper then considers alternative arrangements from the perspective of where the interests of Ethiopia, Eritrea and the Afar are anticipated to converge. It concludes with proposals to resolve the present untenable situation.
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Asrat, Asfawossen, Metasebia Demissie, and Aberra Mogessie. "Geoheritage conservation in Ethiopia: the case of the Simien Mountains." Quaestiones Geographicae 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10117-012-0001-0.

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Geoheritage conservation in Ethiopia: the case of the Simien Mountains Ethiopia constitutes one of the most significant environmental and cultural reserves on Earth. Ethiopia's natural and cultural tourist attractions are mostly associated with geological features: the active Ethiopian and Afar rifts as well as the Simien and Bale massifs are few examples. Ethiopia's cultural history, religious manifestations and civilization, like the rock-hewn churches of Lalibela and the stelae of Axum, are also imprinted in rock. Geomorphological and geological features, notably the isolation of the north-western highlands from the external world by the harsh Afar depression close to the sea, determined the route of Ethiopian history. Though tourism has been identified as a major sustainable development sector, systematic geoheritage evaluation and conservation strategies are lacking in the country. I this paper the Simien Mountains are presented as major geoheritages which should be prioritized for geoconservation in order to develop sustainable tourism (geotourism) in the area.
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Liyew, Alemneh Mekuriaw, Ayenew Kassie, Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale, Adugnaw Zeleke Alem, Yigizie Yeshaw, and Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema. "Exploring spatiotemporal distribution of under-five mortality in Ethiopia: further analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016." BMJ Paediatrics Open 5, no. 1 (April 2021): e001047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001047.

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore spatiotemporal distribution of under-five mortality in Ethiopia using data from four (2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016) consecutive demographic and health surveys.MethodsA total of 41 498 children were included from four consecutive Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys. The geospatial analysis was conducted by using ArcGIS V.10.7 and saTScan V.9.6. Thus, spatial autocorrelation, hotspot analysis, spatial interpolation and spatial scan statistics were carried out for each survey separately to show the temporal pattern of geographically risk areas of under-five mortality in Ethiopia. Finally, the most under-five mortality rate (U5MR) risk areas in each survey period were mapped.ResultsUnder-five mortality was spatially clustered in Ethiopia (Moran’s Index: 0.046–0.096, p<0.01). The Benishangul-Gumuz region was consistently at a higher risk in the last two decades. Additional hotspot areas were detected at Afar and Amhara (in 2000, 2005, 2016), at Gambala (in 2011) and the South Nation Nationality and People’s (SNNP) Region (in 2016). Moreover, 160 primary clusters were identified. Of these, 85 clusters (log-likelihood ratio (LLR)=13.10, p<0.01) were from Benishangul-Gumuz and Amhara regions (in 2000); 67 clusters (LLR=12.93, p<0.01) were from Afar and Amhara regions (in 2005); 4 clusters (LLR=10.54, p<0.01) were from Benishangul-Gumuz region (in 2011); and another 4 clusters (LLR=11.85, p<0.01) were from Afar region (in 2016).ConclusionHigh-risk areas were detected mainly in the Benishangul-Gumuz and Afar regions. As a result, designing under-five population targeted intervention programmes in those high-risk geographical regions was vital to reduce under-five mortality in Ethiopia.
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Walga, Tamene Keneni. "Prospects and Challenges of Afan Oromo: A Commentary." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1106.03.

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Afan Oromo- the language of the Oromo- is also known as Oromo. The word ‘Oromo’ refers to both the People of Oromo and their language. It is one of the widely spoken indigenous African languages. It is also spoken in multiple countries in Africa including Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan and Tanzania among others. Moreover, it is spoken as a native language, second language and lingua-franca across Ethiopia and beyond. Regardless of its scope in terms of number of speakers and geographical area it covers, Afan Oromo as a literary language is only emerging due to perpetuating unfair treatment it received from successive Ethiopian regimes. This commentary sought to examine prospects and challenges of Afan Oromo. To this end, drawing on existing literature and author’s own personal observations, salient prospects and challenges of Afan Oromo have been presented and briefly discussed. Suggestions to confront the challenges foreseen have been proposed by the author where deemed necessary. The paper concludes with author’s concluding remarks concerning the way forward.
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Kiros, Mizan, Ermias Dessie, Abdulrahman Jbaily, Mieraf Taddesse Tolla, Kjell Arne Johansson, Ole F. Norheim, Solomon Tessema Memirie, and Stéphane Verguet. "The burden of household out-of-pocket health expenditures in Ethiopia: estimates from a nationally representative survey (2015–16)." Health Policy and Planning 35, no. 8 (August 9, 2020): 1003–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czaa044.

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Abstract In Ethiopia, little is known about the extent of out-of-pocket health expenditures and the associated financial hardships at national and regional levels. We estimated the incidence of both catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditures using data from the 2015/16 Ethiopian household consumption and expenditure and welfare monitoring surveys. We computed incidence of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) at 10% and 25% thresholds of total household consumption and 40% threshold of household capacity to pay, and impoverishing health expenditures (IHE) using Ethiopia's national poverty line (ETB 7184 per adult per year). Around 2.1% (SE: 0.2, P &lt; 0.001) of households would face CHE with a 10% threshold of total consumption, and 0.9% (SE: 0.1, P &lt; 0.001) of households would encounter IHE, annually in Ethiopia. CHE rates were high in the regions of Afar (5.8%, SE: 1.0, P &lt; 0.001) and Benshangul-Gumuz (4.0%, SE: 0.8, P &lt; 0.001). Oromia (n = 902 000), Amhara (n = 275 000) and Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples (SNNP) (n = 268 000) regions would have the largest numbers of affected households, due to large population size. The IHE rates would also show similar patterns: high rates in Afar (5.0%, SE: 0.96, P &lt; 0.001), Oromia (1.1%, SE: 0.22, P &lt; 0.001) and Benshangul-Gumuz (0.9%, SE: 0.4, P = 0.02); a large number of households would be impoverished in Oromia (n = 356 000) and Amhara (n = 202 000) regions. In summary, a large number of households is facing financial hardship in Ethiopia, particularly in Afar, Benshangul-Gumuz, Oromia, Amhara and SNNP regions and this number would likely increase with greater health services utilization. We recommend regional-level analyses on services coverage to be conducted as some of the estimated low CHE/IHE regional values might be due to low services coverage. Periodic analyses on the financial hardship status of households could also be monitored to infer progress towards universal health coverage.
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Agegnehu, Chilot Desta, and Adugnaw Zeleke Alem. "Exploring spatial variation in BCG vaccination among children 0–35 months in Ethiopia: spatial analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e043565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043565.

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ObjectiveTuberculosis is a major public health problem and is the second leading cause of death worldwide. BCG vaccination is a life-saving and important part of standard tuberculosis control measures, particularly in Ethiopia where tuberculosis is endemic. The End Tuberculosis Strategy targets of 2020 have not been achieved. Exploring spatial variations in BCG vaccination among children is vital to designing and monitoring effective intervention programmes. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the spatial variation in BCG vaccination among children in Ethiopia.DesignCross-sectional study design.SettingEthiopia.ParticipantsChildren aged 0–35 months.Primary outcomeBCG vaccination coverage.MethodsData from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey were used and a total of 4453 children aged 0–35 months were included. Spatial autocorrelation analysis, cluster and outlier analysis, hotspot analysis, spatial interpolation, and spatial scan statistics were carried out to identify geographical risk areas for BCG vaccine utilisation. ArcGIS V.10.6 and SaTScan V.9.6 statistical software were employed to explore spatial pattern and significant hotspot areas for BCG vaccination among children.ResultsBCG vaccination was spatially clustered in Ethiopia at the regional level (Global Moran’s I=0.516, p<0.001). A total of 51 most likely clusters of low BCG vaccination were identified in the Somali and Afar regions (log-likelihood ratio=136.58, p<0.001). Significant secondary clusters were also identified in North West Gambela, South Amhara, South West Addis Ababa, North East Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People’s Region, and South West Oromia.ConclusionA low probability of receiving BCG vaccination was found among children in the Somali and Afar regions. Therefore, these areas should be given attention when designing effective immunisation strategies to improve BCG vaccination among children in order to reduce the burden of tuberculosis in Ethiopia.
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Gebremichael, Shewayiref Geremew, and Setegn Muche Fenta. "Factors Associated with U5M in the Afar Region of Ethiopia." Advances in Public Health 2020 (July 29, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6720607.

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Background. Ethiopia has experienced a significant reduction of under-five mortality over the past few decades. But still, the country is far from the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of 2030. This study aims to identify the potential associated factors of under-five mortality in the Afar region, Ethiopia. Methods. Data from a national representative cross-sectional survey of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey of the year 2016 were used. Data were collected from the population of all under-five children in randomly selected enumeration areas of the Afar region of Ethiopia. Chi-squared and binary logistic regression analyses were employed. Results. The result revealed that twin child [(AOR = 5.37; 95%CI: 2.12–13.62)], age of mothers at first birth [(AOR = 0.47; 95%CI: 0.35–0.62) of greater than 16], current breastfeeders (AOR = 0.41; 95%CI: 0.32–0.54), rural residents (AOR: 2.54; 95%CI: 2.49–2.58), used current contraceptive methods (AOR = 0.38; 95%CI: 0.15–0.94), vaccinated the child (AOR = 0.40; 95%CI: 0.27–0.59), family size [(AOR = 0.65; 95%CI: 0.41–0.92) for 4–6 household members and (AOR = 0.49; 95%CI: 0.29–0.80) for seven and more household members], rich households (AOR = 0.03; 95%CI: 0.01–0.16), mother’s age group [(AOR = 3.24; 95%CI: 1.90–5.54) (age 20–29), (AOR = 12.43; 95%CI: 6.86–22.51) (age 30–39), and (AOR = 46.31; 95%CI: 21.74–98.67) (age 40 and above), and antenatal visits ((AOR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.31–0.74) (1–3 visits) and (AOR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.24–0.81) (4 and more visits)) significantly determined the under-five mortality. Conclusions. The study showed that giving birth at an early age, low coverage and quality of health access, unimproved breastfeeding culture, nonaccessibility to contraceptive methods, absence of awareness of mothers on vaccination of a child, low economic status of households, and low status of mothers’ antenatal visits lead to the highest under-five mortality in the area. Therefore, community-based educational programs and public health interventions focused on improving the survival of children by providing awareness to the community and specifically to mothers should be improved.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Afar, Ethiopie"

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Kamil, Mohamed Hassan. "L'afar : description grammaticale d'une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie )." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INAL0008/document.

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Cette description grammaticale de l’afar s’appuie essentiellement sur des données recueillies sur le terrain auprès de très nombreux locuteurs afarophones, vivant à Djibouti, en Erythrée et en Ethiopie. La richesse des données a permis de prendre en compte les variantes dialectales tout au long de la description. Celle-ci s’organise autour de plusieurs parties : système phonologique et phonétique, système nominal, système verbal, et syntaxe de l’énoncé. Cette étude a permis de mieux évaluer l’originalité de certains traits connus mais aussi de mettre en valeur des traits peu connus voire ignorés jusqu’à présent. Citons entre autres : redéfinition du statut de la rétroflexe ; approfondissement des valeurs sémantiques et syntaxiques attachées aux différents procédés de dérivation nominale et verbale ; illustration du rôle primordial de la relative dans une langue où il n’y a pas de catégorie « adjectif » ; étude détaillée de la polarité de genre et de l’accord du verbe en genre non en nombre (accord au singulier avec un nom marqué comme pluriel) ; distinction entre noms adverbiaux et adverbes sur des critères syntaxiques; mise en valeur de la portée syntaxique et sémantique des quatre postpositions; meilleure définition de la catégorie des idéophones sur le plan morphophonologique, syntaxique et sémantique ; mise en lumière des procédés de topicalisation. En apportant un nouvel éclairage sur l’afar, à l’intérieur du couchitique et de la famille afro-asiatique, cette thèse se veut aussi une contribution à la typologie des langues
This grammatical description of Afar is mostly based on fieldwork data collected from a great number of Afar speakers living in Djibouti, Eritrea and Ethiopia. The wealth of data has allowed us to embrace dialectal variations in the description. This description has been built around several components: the phonological and phonetic system, the nominal system, the verbal system, and the syntax.This study leads us to better assess the originality of some features that are already known, and also to bring out other features that were not well known or unknown until now: redefinition of the status of retroflex consonants ; enhanced understanding of semantic and syntactic values of different processes of nominal and verbal derivation ; illustration of the crucial role of the relative clause in a language without adjectives ; detailed study of gender polarity and verb agreement in gender – and not in number – (agreement in the singular with a name marked in the plural) ; differentiation between adverbial names and adverbs on the basis of syntactic criteria ; highlight of the syntactic and semantic significance of four postpositions ; better definition of ideophones from the morphophonological, syntactic and semantic aspects ; highlight of topicalization processes. By shedding new light on Afar within the Cushitic and Afro-Asian family, this thesis aims also to contribute to language typolog*y
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Grandin, Raphaël. "L' apport de la géodésie spatiale dans la compréhension du processus de rifting magmatique : l'exemple de l'épisode en cours en Afar Ethiopien (2005-2009)." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GLOB0013.

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L'épisode de rifting en cours en Afar Ethiopien, initié en Septembre 2005, est étudié à l'aide de l'interférométrie radar (InSAR), et de la corrélation sub-pixel d'images optiques et radar. Un traitement en série temporelle de ces données géodésiques permet de séparer les événements discrets et les déformations transitoires lentes. Les intrusions magmatiques sont isolées, et le champ de déformation de surface est inversé pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques des dikes. L'interaction entre dikes est étudiée à l'aide d'un calcul des variations de contraintes normales statiques sur le plan vertical du dike. Des relations d'échelle sont déduites, et leurs implications mécaniques sont discutées. La présence d'un réservoir sub-crustal d'alimentation, situé au centre du segment magmatique, est mise en évidence. Des déformations transitoires, causées par des cycles de remplissage/vidage de ce réservoir, sont suivies au cours du temps. Un modèle synthétique permettant d'expliquer la cyclicité de l'activité magmato-tectonique sur différentes échelles de temps, de l'heure à la centaine d'années, est introduit. Ce modèle prend en compte la stratification rhéologique de la croûte, la dynamique de recharge du système magmatique central et de mise en place des dikes, et la variation d'épaisseur crustale le long de l'axe du rift. Il intègre aussi les informations issues d'observations effectuées lors de crises de rifting précédentes en Afar et en Islande
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Bach, Jean-Nicolas. "Centre, périphérie, conflit et formation de l'État depuis Ménélik II : les crises de et dans l'État éthiopien." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00878699.

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Cette thèse revient sur les caractéristiques des conflits armés éthiopiens contemporains(nature et manifestations) à partir d'une réflexion sur la trajectoire historique de l'État,héritier de l'empire construit par Ménélik II à la fin du XIXe siècle et dont les frontièresn'ont que peu varié depuis (hormis l'indépendance de l'Érythrée en 1993). L'expérienceimpériale est également à l'origine d'une perception de l'espace politique éthiopien entermes de " centre " et de " périphérie ". Perception qui demeure dominante au sein desétudes éthiopiennes, notamment dans l'étude de conflits perçus comme opposant le" centre " (assimilé à l'" État moderne ") à ses " périphéries " conquises durant la périodeimpériale (assimilées aux " sociétés traditionnelles "). La réflexion est donc construite àpartir de l'articulation des trois grands thèmes suivants : la formation de l'empire et del'État éthiopien, les conflits armés, et le thème centre-périphérie. Le thème centrepériphériese situe en effet au coeur des interprétations de la formation des empires etdes États. Le rapport entre ce deux thèmes (formation de l'État et thème " centrepériphérie") est ici reformulé à partir des notions de " secteur politique central " et de" secteur politique périphérique " (Coulon 1972). L'État est alors défini comme unprocessus historique produit par la formation (formelle, symbolique et cognitive) de cesdeux secteurs politiques central et périphérique. Ces deux secteurs interdépendants, dontles caractéristiques évoluent en fonction des reconfigurations économiques, sociales etpolitiques, sont à comprendre au sein d'un même ensemble produisant l'État éthiopien etson identité, sa nation.Cette thèse analyse donc le rapport entre la formation de ces deux secteurs politiques etles conflits armés en vue d'en offrir une grille de lecture renouvelée et dépassant lalecture dominante opposant le " centre " à ses " périphéries ". L'étude de trois régionsconflictuelles (Érythrée, Gambella, Afar) et de leur rapport à l'État éthiopien font alorsapparaître non plus une, mais trois grandes tendances de conflit (toujoursinterdépendantes et parfois cumulatives), à savoir : le conflit entre les deux secteurspolitiques, le conflit à l'intérieur du secteur politique central, et le conflit à l'intérieur dusecteur politique périphérique. Enfin, ce travail défend l'idée selon laquelle ces conflitsémanent d'une double crise de l'État éthiopien : une crise " de " l'État (remise en cause del'État éthiopien lui-même), et une crise " dans " l'État (remise en cause du régime et dugouvernement éthiopien, mais pas de l'État en lui-même). De cette double crise, héritéede la période impériale et qui éclot lors du Second règne d'Hailé Sélassié (1941-1974),dérivent les conflits éthiopiens contemporains.
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Bedaso, Zelalem K. "Stable Isotope Studies of Paleoenvironment and Paleoclimate from Afar, Ethiopia." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3004.

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ABSTRACT The sedimentary deposits of the Hadar Formation at Dikika and the Mount Galili Formation at Galili preserve a wealth of paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic records spanning the last 5.29 Ma. Stable carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of herbivore tooth enamel were analyzed for more than 600 specimens of 15 different taxa from 10 stratigraphic intervals. The application of carbon and oxygen isotopes here aims principally at reconstructing shifts in the relative abundance of C4 grasses, and its implications for climate indicators including temperature, aridity, and seasonality. The full range of δ13Cenamel values throughout the Plio-Pleistocene signifies a wide range of foraging strategies by the fauna, which in turn reflects the mosaic of vegetation at Dikika and Galili. Estimates of ecosystem carbon isotope composition (δ13Cecosystem , which is given by average δ13Cenamel of each large vertebrate taxon weighted by the respective faunal abundance and the estimated daily biomass consumption) is used to asses shifts in the ecosystem-scale proportion of C3 and C4 vegetation. In the Plio-Pleistocene, the general paleoenvironmental conditions varied from wooded grassland to grasslands with the total amount of C4 grass cover on the landscape varying between 35% and 91%. Likewise, the paleohabitat reconstructions indicate the presence of grassland, wooded grassland, woodland habitats throughout the Pliocene and in Middle Pleistocene but the relative proportion of the habitats has changed substantially with time. Although this result agrees with the general trend towards more open grassland since the Late Miocene, a rebound of closed habitats and C3 resources from closed canopy woodlands or forests is evident in the middle Pliocene between 3.42 Ma and 3.24 Ma. These changes in the proportion of habitats could have affected the distribution and availability of preferred food resources and has an implication on the interaction of the animals on the paleolandscape and competition for resources. 18Oenamel values also show a wide range of variation within each stratigraphic member and through time. Temporal variation of δ13Cenamel values within a given taxon, as well as differences among sympatric taxa, document different aspects of the environment and climate, including changes in drinking water source, seasonality, and periods of strong evaporation. Estimated δ13Cmeteoric water based on the most 18O-depleted hippo tooth enamel, displays values of -1.94 / (VSMOW) and -5.24 / (VSMOW) in the Middle Pleistocene of Asbole and middle Pliocene of Galili, respectively. A major shift in the isotopic composition of water at ~ 3.0 Ma was accompanied by a 6.0 / increase from middle Pliocene to the present. While a +3.8 / shift from early to middle Pliocene was documented. The isotopic composition of meteoric water between 4.6 Ma and 4.38 Ma was most 18O-enriched compared to the rest of the Pliocene estimates. Likewise, an increase in the estimated δ13Cmeteoric water values was documented in the Awash Valley and elsewhere in East Africa, which indicate a regional climate change since the early Pliocene. An increase in the aridity, which is expressed as mean annual water deficit (i.e., the difference between potential evapotranspiration and mean annual precipitation) is also evident since the early Pliocene. These changes during the Pliocene in the region may in part be attributed to a regional decrease in the amount of precipitation and changes in the moisture source superimposed on global climate changes.
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Angelini, Joshua D. "Tephrostratigraphy in the Woranso-Mille study area in the Afar region of Ethiopia." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238786708.

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Ferguson, David J. "Volcanic and magmatic processes at a young spreading centre in Afar, Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2c82cf13-5ca5-4d20-93ca-c54048912ec7.

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The Dabbahu-Manda Hararo rift segment is a ~25 x 60 km rift zone in Afar, Ethiopia, where a series of axial dyke intrusions has recently occurred. Basaltic eruptions associated with individual dyking events between 2007-2010 have been fed from fissures along the rift axis and been relatively short-lived events lasting less than 60 hours. The volume of melt delivered to the rift surface by these eruptions has been a minor component of the total melt volume supplied to the shallow crust since the onset of the active rifting phase in 2005 and the current intruded to erupted melt ratio for the 2005-2010 period is ~260:1. This is below typical values for magmatic rift zones and may suggest that further volcanism is likely to occur before this activity ceases. 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of basaltic lavas from the flank of the rift and from a region of off-axis volcanism to the west of the rift zone gives ages of 25 – 450 ka. These constrain the development of a prominent axial graben in the northern part of the rift to < 30 ka and based on the age-distribution of lavas across the rift flank suggests that volcanism has been focused to the present neo-volcanic zone for at least 200 ka. Geochemical and isotopic constraints on melt generation suggest ~4-6 % partial melting of fertile mantle beneath rift at depth of ~100-75 km. Lavas erupted at the rift axis and from off-axis volcanoes are derived from a common mantle source, however, axial lavas are shown to represent slightly greater extents of partial melting suggesting a focused mantle melting anomaly, such as those seen at ocean ridges, is forming beneath the rift zone.
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7

Maknun, Gamaledin Ashami. "The political economy of the Afar region of Ethiopia : a dynamic periphery." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283817.

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Hundie, Bekele. "Pastoralism, institutions and social interaction : explaining the coexistence of conflict and cooperation in Pastoral Afar, Ethiopia /." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988919117/04.

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Johnson, Nicholas Edward. "Magnetotelluric studies of the crust and upper mantle in a zone of active continental breakup, Afar, Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7739.

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The Afar region of Ethiopia is slowly being torn apart by the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Main Ethiopian rifts which all meet at this remote, barren corner of Africa. Prior to rifting, volcanism probably started here some 30 million years ago, marked by the arrival of the Afar mantle plume and subsequent eruption of kilometres thick flood basalts. To the north and east the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden rifts have already progressed to become sea-floor spreading centres where new oceanic crust is produced. Active spreading on the Red Sea rift takes a landward step west into Eritrean Afar at approximately 15oN, after which divergence between the Nubian and Arabian tectonic plates is localised into 60 km long, 20 km wide magmatic segments that undergo periodic rifting cycles. This part of Afar is a unique natural laboratory where the process of transition from continental rifting to sea floor spreading can be studied. In September 2005 a dramatic rifting episode began on one such segment of the Red Sea rift in Afar (the Dabbahu magmatic segment), whereby a 60 km long dyke containing an estimated 2.5 km3 magma was intruded in just two weeks, allowing opening of up to 8 m. Since then a further 13 smaller dykes have been intruded, some with fissural eruptions of basaltic lava. Subsidence observed via geodetic observations can only account for a small fraction of the magma supply required to in ate the dykes, suggesting a deep crustal or upper mantle source must exist. The magnetotelluric (MT) method is a passive geophysical technique, used to probe the Earth to reveal subsurface conductivity. The presence of fluids can dramatically increase conductivity by orders of magnitude making the MT method ideally suited to detecting them. MT data collected from 22 sites on profiles near to and crossing the active rift are analysed and interpreted in conjunction with seismic and petrological constraints. They reveal for the first time, the existence of both a mid to lower-crustal magma chamber directly below the rift, and an o -axis zone of partial melt well within the mantle. The volume of melt contained within the crust and upper mantle below the Dabbahu segment is estimated to be at least 350 km3; enough to supply the rift at current spreading rates for almost 30 thousand years, assuming that both melt containing regions supply the rift. Vast amounts of highly conductive material, suggesting the existence of pure melt in places, are also required in the shallow crust close to Dabbahu volcano which lies at the northern end of the segment. Further data collected on the currently inactive Hararo segment which is the next one to the south of Dabbahu, show a smaller zone of partial melt that appears to be pooling at the Moho, inferred seismically to be at about 22 km, but little or no melt is required within the mid-crust. The minimum amount of melt estimated to be contained here is just 21 km3; an order of magnitude less than on the Dabbahu segment, but similar to estimates for melt within the crust found below the rift axis in the continental Main Ethiopian rift. This, along with other morphological evidence, suggests that this rift segment is less mature than the Dabbahu segment to the north, rather than it simply being at a different stage of a rifting cycle. A wide spread layer of highly conductive sediments up to 2 km thick has been imaged at most locations. This was unexpected on the Dabbahu segment where the surface of the Earth is dominated by heavily faulted basalts erupted from fissures, which are seen as a resistive uppermost layer several hundred metres thick. The high conductivity of the sediments is attributed to high heat flow and the presence of brines.
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Walkup, Laura Casey. "TEPHROSTRATIGRAPHIC AND GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF COMPOSITIONALLY HETEROGENEOUS SILICIC TEPHRA IN THE MIDDLE AWASH REGION, AFAR, ETHIOPIA." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375966531.

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Books on the topic "Afar, Ethiopie"

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Didier, Morin. Le ginnili: Devin, poète et guerrier afar : Ethiopie et République de Djibouti. Paris: Peeters, 1991.

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Hubbard, Nyla Jo Jones. Doctors without Borders in Ethiopia: Among the Afar. New York: Algora Pub., 2011.

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Getachew, Kassa Negussie. Among the pastoral Afar in Ethiopia: Tradition, continuity and socioeconomic change. Utrecht: International Books, 2001.

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Yousuf, Jemal. Exploring the role of trained traditional birth attendants in Afar, Ethiopia. Nairobi, Kenya: African Medical and Research Foundation, 2010.

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Among the pastoral Afar in Ethiopia: Tradition, continuity and socio-economic change. Utrecht, Netherlands: International Books, in association with OSSREA, 2001.

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Tafere, Kelemework. Indigenous institutions of conflict resolution among the Ab'ala Afar of North-eastern Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Addis Ababa University, 2006.

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Ethiopia, Pastoralist Forum. Pastoralist perspectives of poverty reduction strategy program: Experiences and lessons from Afar Region of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Pastoralist Forum Ethiopia, 2009.

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Assefa, Mebrate, ed. Fossil elephantoids from the hominid-bearing Awash Group, Middle Awash Valley, Afar Depression, Ethiopia. Philadephia: American Philosophical Society, 1993.

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African Medical and Research Foundation, ed. The dynamics of female genital cutting: A study of the pastoralist community in Afar, Ethiopia. Nairobi, Kenya: African Medical and Research Foundation, 2010.

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Workshop, on "Camel Pastoralism as Food System in Ethiopia" (1989 Nazrēt Ethiopia). Paper prepared for the workshop on "Camel Pastoralism as Food System in Ethiopia," Nazrēt, April 25-27, 1989. [Addis Ababa: Institute of Development Research, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Afar, Ethiopie"

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Williams, Martin. "Afar Hominids, Ethiopia (1981)." In Nile Waters, Saharan Sands, 115–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25445-6_14.

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Rettberg, Simone. "Religious Change and the Remaking of Boundaries among Muslim Afar Pastoralists." In Muslim Ethiopia, 71–87. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137322098_4.

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Varet, Jacques. "Southern Afar: The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) Northern Extremity." In Regional Geology Reviews, 253–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60865-5_10.

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Sonneveld, B. G. J. S., S. Pande, K. Georgis, M. A. Keyzer, A. Seid Ali, and A. Takele. "Land Degradation and Overgrazing in the Afar Region, Ethiopia: A Spatial Analysis." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Assessment, Mitigation and Remediation, 97–109. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8657-0_8.

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Perilli, Nicola, Simone Gorelli, and Abeer Albalawneh. "The Ground Water Potential of a Key Junction Zone Between the Afar Rift Floor and Western Afar Margin of Ethiopia." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (2nd Edition), 1781–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51210-1_282.

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Geremeskel, Teklehaymanot, and Mesele Abera. "The Need for Transformation: Local Perception of Climate Change, Vulnerability and Adaptation Versus ‘Humanitarian’ Response in Afar Region, Ethiopia." In Climate Change Management, 511–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49520-0_31.

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Quade, Jay, Naomi E. Levin, Scott W. Simpson, Robert Butler, William C. McIntosh, Sileshi Semaw, Lynnette Kleinsasser, Guillaume Dupont-Nivet, Paul Renne, and Nelia Dunbar. "The geology of Gona, Afar, Ethiopia." In The Geology of Early Humans in the Horn of Africa. Geological Society of America, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.2446(01).

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Talachew, Getachew, and Shimelis Habtewold. "1. Customary Dispute Resolution in Afar Society." In Grass-roots Justice in Ethiopia, 93–106. Centre français des études éthiopiennes, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.cfee.485.

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MacDonald, Scott. "Janet Biggs." In The Sublimity of Document, 307–36. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190052126.003.0014.

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This is the first substantive career interview with installation artist Janet Biggs. Biggs discusses her motivation for making installations, rather than theatrical films, and the different ways in which moviegoers and visitors to installations experience moving image art. Biggs describes her experiences traveling to the ends of the earth to record compelling imagery in the Arctic, at a sulfur-mining operation inside a volcano in Indonesia, and in the Afar triangle region of Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti, Her many wide-ranging conceptual videos explore various forms of physical labor and athletic endeavor from football to water ballet and synchronized swimming to NASCAR, as well as the mysteries of Alzheimer’s disease and attempts to break the on-land speed record.
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Ayalew, Dereje, David Pyle, and David Ferguson. "Effusive Badi Silicic Volcano (Central Afar, Ethiopian Rift); Sparse Evidence for Pyroclastic Rocks." In Volcanology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98558.

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We report field observation, textural description (thin section and scanning electron microscope (SEM)) and mineral chemistry (backscattered electron imaging and dispersive X-ray analysis) for rhyolitic obsidian lavas from previously under described effusive Badi volcano, central Afar within the Ethiopian rift. These rhyolitic obsidian lavas are compositionally homogeneous and contain well developed flow bands. Textural analysis is undertaken to understand the formation of flow band, and to draw inferences on the mechanism of emplacement of this silicic volcano. Flow band arises from variable vesicularity (i.e., alternating domains of vesicular, light glass and non-vesicular, brown glass). Such textural heterogeneities have been developed during distinct cooling and degassing of the melt in the conduit.
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Conference papers on the topic "Afar, Ethiopie"

1

Mickus, Kevin L., and David L. Bridges. "CURIE DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE AFAR REGION, ETHIOPIA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-308415.

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Mohan, Joseph, Jeffery R. Stone, and Christopher J. Campisano. "DIATOMS FROM THE PLIOCENE HADAR FORMATION, AFAR DEPRESSION, ETHIOPIA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-287723.

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DiMaggio, Erin N., Gina Sarkawi, Tanya Furman, Dominique Garello, Christopher J. Campisano, Ramón Arrowsmith, Jonathan G. Wynn, Jay Quade, and Craig S. Feibel. "APPLICATION OF LA-ICP-MS TO TEPHRA CORRELATION STUDIES IN AFAR, ETHIOPIA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-322635.

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Mohan, Joseph, Jeffery R. Stone, Christopher J. Campisano, and Andrew S. Cohen. "DIATOMS FROM AFAR: NOVEL SPECIES OF BACILLARIOPHYCEAE (DIATOMS) FROM THE PLIOCENE HADAR FORMATION, ETHIOPIA." In 50th Annual GSA North-Central Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016nc-275187.

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Nanis, Hafid, and Mohamed H. Aly. "INVESTIGATION OF LAKE CHANGES IN THE AFAR DEPRESSION OF ETHIOPIA USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS." In 52nd Annual GSA South-Central Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018sc-309847.

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