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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Affective Biases'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Hagman, William. "Affective Biases and Heuristics in Decision Making : Emotion regulation as a factor for decision making competence." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-96364.

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Stanovich and West (2008) explored if measures of cognitive ability ignored some important aspects of thinking itself, namely that cognitive ability alone is not enough to generally prevent biased thinking. In this thesis a series of decision making (DM) tasks is tested to see if emotion regulation (ER) is a factor for the decision process and therefore should be a measured in decision making competence. A set of DM tasks was compiled involving both affective and cognitive dimensions. 400 participants completed an online web-survey. The results showed that ER ability was significantly associat

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2

Sanchez, Janice Lynn. "Interpersonal affective forecasting." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6946943f-30fb-48e2-9c73-a44ec69bd2d0.

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This thesis investigates individual and interpersonal predictions of future affect and explores their relation to implicit theories of emotion, prediction recall, debiasing, and focalism. Studies 1, 2, and 3 assessed affect predictions to upcoming reasoning tests and academic results, and Studies 4, 5, and 6 concerned predictions for self-identified events. The first study investigated the influence of implicit theories of emotion (ITE; Tamir, John, Srivastava, & Gross, 2007) on impact bias and prediction recall manipulating ITE between participant pairs who predicted and reported their affect

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Wilcockson, Thomas. "Exploring substance abuse : factors affecting attentional biases and automaticity." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/74473/.

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4

Wilcockson, Thomas Daniel Webb. "Exploring substance abuse : factors affecting attentional biases and automaticity." Thesis, Swansea University, 2013. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43144.

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There is a distinction between physiological and psychological aspects of addiction. Both of which are important for the development and maintenance of substance abuse. Within psychological aspects of addiction, attention and learning may play integral roles in substance abuse behaviour. This thesis explores how an environment seems to become increasingly occupied by substance-related stimuli, as a result of substance use (Chapter 5). It is demonstrated how such stimuli are able to initially attract attention (Chapter 2.6) and such attentional biases are difficult to inhibit (Chapter 2). Such

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5

Clegg, Isabella louisa. "Developing welfare parameters for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) under human care." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD055/document.

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La science du bien-être animal est une discipline bien établie qui permet de faire des mesures objectives. Les grands dauphins (Tursiops truncatus) sont une espèce de cétacés communément présente en captivité, et bien que des questions se posent sur la qualité de leur vie dans cet environnement, très peu d'études ont porté sur la mesure objective de leur bien-être. Cette thèse répond à ce manque de données en développant des indicateurs de bien-être basé sur l’animal, ici le grand dauphin. Une revue bibliographique initiale a identifié des mesures potentielles de bien-être, avant que des indic

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6

Sheikh, Rohani Saeid. "Acquiring fear and threat related attentional biases through informational learning." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/38613/.

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Research has found that threat related attentional biases towards novel animals can be induced in children by giving threat information about the animals. Naturally occurring (i.e. non-induced) threat related attentional biases have also been found in both children and adults in the past research. The naturally occurring threat stimuli mainly include phobia stimuli and the threat stimuli that are assumed to have evolutionary roots (e.g., threatening facial expressions, and poisonous animals). In the present research, induced and naturally occurring threat related attentional biases were invest

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Destrez, Alexandra. "Accumulation d'émotions et modifications de la sensibilité émotionnelle et des fonctions cognitives chez les ovins." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00798018.

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La question du bien-être de l'animal ne se pose que si on lui reconnaît le statut d'être sensible, capable de ressentir des émotions. Les émotions dépendent de processus cognitifs qu'entreprend l'animal pour évaluer son environnement. Pour comprendre le passage des émotions à un état de bien-être, nous avons étudié si ces processus cognitifs peuvent être biaisés par les émotions, lesquelles en retour seraient modulées durablement. Un modèle de stress chronique a été développé sur ovins : des agnelles sont exposées de manière répétée à des évènements aversifs, imprévisibles et incontrôlables. L

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8

Hoover, Gina M. "A Motivational Account of the Impact Bias." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305824971.

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9

Marshall, Shedden Anna. "Impact Bias och Empathy Gaps : - en studie om skillnader mellan känslor och preferenser." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik, psykologi och idrottsvetenskap, PPI, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-24827.

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Syftet med föreliggande studie var att försöka reda i litteraturen kring två välkända begrepp inom Affective Forecasting nämligen Impact Bias, som innebär att människor har en tendens att överskatta i vilken utsträckning de kommer att uppleva en viss känsla i en framtida situation än vad som senare visar sig vara fallet, och Empathy Gaps, som innebär att människor har en tendens att underskatta i vilken grad känslotillstånd kommer att påverka deras preferenser i en framtida situation samt pröva dessa begrepp i en och samma enkätundersökning. Etthundra sextiotvå studenter, slumpvist uppdelade i

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10

Werhan, Luke. "The affective forecasting bias in depressed and non-depressed groups." Connect to resource, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/37233.

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11

Lawrence, Adam. "Investigating the limits of how expectation can shape affective judgement." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-the-limits-of-how-expectation-can-shape-affective-judgement(1a10bbf9-1db7-481f-b350-dba27a65e282).html.

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The generation of predictions shapes our experience of the world around us. By making inferences about what is likely to happen within a given scenario, we can conserve cognitive resources and enhance our prospects of survival. Predictive coding accounts of perception indicate that this is achieved by minimally processing information that is consistent with our expectations, and prioritising the processing of unexpected or meaningful information. Predictions are also beneficial in situations where accurate perception is difficult, and clues like contextual information allow expectations to ‘fi

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12

Hindi, Attar Catherine. "Affective bias in visual selective attention evidence from EEG and fMRI." Leipzig Leipziger Univ.-Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1001282736/04.

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13

Pedersen, Tore. "Affective Forecasting: Predicting Future Satisfaction with Public Transport." Licentiate thesis, Karlstad : Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, Psychology, Karlstads universitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-4868.

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14

Foo, Chia Mun. "Learning Requires Attention for Binding Affective Reinforcement to Information Content." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/555.

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Humans are limited in their capacity to process information about the environment; to choose the most salient details to process, we have to make rapid value appraisals and prioritize our attentional resources. In this proposed study, it is expected that attention is required to learn from affective information. Learning is measured by the difference between update (the difference between the first and second estimation) and the estimation error (the difference between the average likelihood and the first estimation). Using a belief-updating paradigm, participants will be asked to estimate the

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15

Monroy, Jose. "Affecting Racial Bias via Perspective-Taking in a Virtual Environment." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469203613.

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16

Foels, Rob. "Thinking and feeling in the minimal group paradigm Cognitive and affective components of ingroup bias /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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17

Karavanov, Anna. "Factors affecting entrapment bias justification needs, face concerns and personal networks /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3505.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.<br>Thesis research directed by: Communication. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Munari, Alessandra. "Exploring a simplified affective state test in the red junglefowl." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176743.

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Affective states of animals are emotions with positive or negative valance. Positive and negative affective states affect animal welfare, and can bias interpretation of information positively or negatively, respectively. Judgement bias tests measure affective states based on responses to ambiguous cues, intermediate to cues with learnt positive and negative outcomes. Responses closer to those of positive cues indicate positive affective state. However, animals need extensive training to learn initial associations to reference cues. Therefore, I here aimed to validate an alternative affective s

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19

Morgan, Thimberley Nicole. "First Glance: Impact of affective tone on the perceptions of friendliness and political ideology." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1557615216442266.

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20

Blackmore, Michelle A. "Attentional Bias for Affective Stimuli: Evaluation of Disengagement in Persons with and without Self-reported Generalized Anxiety Disorder." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/147943.

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Psychology<br>Ph.D.<br>A core feature of GAD, excessive and uncontrollable worry, may be indicative of poor attentional control and difficulty disengaging attention from threatening or emotional information (e.g., Fox, 2004; Mathews, Fox, Yiend, & Calder, 2003; Yiend & Mathews 2001). The current study examined the performance of college students with and without self-reported GAD (N = 63) on measures of attentional control and a spatial cueing task designed to assess engagement-disengagement processes from emotionally valenced (aversive, pleasant) and neutral picture stimuli. Attentional contr

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21

Fölster, Mara. "Age effects on cognitive, neural and affective responses to emotional facial expressions." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17421.

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Empathische Reaktionen auf emotionale Gesichtsausdrücke werden vom Alter beeinflusst. In Bezug auf die kognitive Komponente der Empathie wurde eine Einschränkung bei der Erkennung emotionaler Gesichtsausdrücke sowohl für ältere Beobachter als auch für ältere Gesichter berichtet. Manche Studien berichten auch einen Effekt der Alterskongruenz, d.h. eine bessere Erkennung von Emotionen bei der eigenen Altersgruppe. Das erste Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation war es, Mechanismen, die diesen Effekten zugrunde liegen könnten, zu untersuchen. Das zweite Ziel war es, zu untersuchen, ob auch die affek

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22

McBride, Freda D. H. "Memory Bias in the Use of Accounting Information: An Examination of Affective Responses and Retrieval of Information in Accounting Decision Making." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30551.

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This dissertation is based on the Kida-Smith (1995) model of "The encoding and retrievability of numerical data." It is concerned with the variable conditions under which a positive affective response (i.e., a decision or opinion that results in a positive valence) on previously viewed accounting information may and may not influence current decision-making. An affective response to accounting numbers may adversely influence decisions made based on those numbers. Prior research has found that individuals recall information that is consistent with prior decisions more readily than they recall

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23

Woodson, Lorenzo Adrian. "Teacher and Student Variables Affecting Special Education Evaluation and Referral." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4490.

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Past research has revealed that African American/Black boys are referred for special education evaluation at disproportionately higher rates than boys of other racial/ethnic groups. This correlational study used survey methodology to examine whether student and teacher demographic variables predicted how likely a teacher would refer boy students for special education evaluation. The following questions guided this research: 1) To what degree does student race/ethnicity, teacher gender, teacher race/ethnicity, and teacher attitude toward inclusion predict how likely a teacher would refer boys'

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24

Cruz-Khalili, Amir A. "Factors affecting infants' choices: An examination of infant choice stability and parent expectancy effects." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/279.

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Several researchers posit the tendency of adults and children to behave positively towards individuals similar to themselves (in-group bias) and to behave hostilely towards those dissimilar to themselves (out-group bias) is not learned, but is instead innate. Using infant-parent dyads, Mahajan and Wynn (2012) examined this question by asking infants ( n = 32), seated in their parents' lap, to choose between two foods, watch a puppet show during which two puppets verbally stated a liking or disliking of these foods, and then choose one of the puppets. They found more infants chose the puppet th

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25

Wynn, Troy Alden. "Statistical Analysis of the USU Lidar Data Set with Reference to Mesospheric Solar Response and Cooling Rate Calculation, with Analysis of Statistical Issues Affecting the Regression Coefficients." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/797.

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Though the least squares technique has many advantages, its possible limitations as applied in the atmospheric sciences have not yet been fully explored in the literature. The assumption that the atmosphere responds either in phase or out of phase to the solar input is ubiquitous. However, our analysis found this assumption to be incorrect. If not properly addressed, the possible consequences are bias in the linear trend coefficient and attenuation of the solar response coefficient. Using USU Rayleigh lidar temperature data, we found a significant phase offset to the solar input in the tempera

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26

Kösters, Gundula. "Psychiatrisch-genetische Forschung zur Ätiologie affektiver Störungen unter dem Einfluss rassenhygienischer Ideologie." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-206543.

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In the early 20th century, there were few therapeutic options for mental illness and asylum numbers were rising. This pessimistic outlook favoured the rise of the eugenics movement. Heredity was assumed to be the principal cause of mental illness. Politicians, scientists and clinicians in North America and Europe called for compulsory sterilisation of the mentally ill. Psychiatric genetic research aimed to prove a Mendelian mode of inheritance as a scientific justification for these measures. Ernst Rüdin’s seminal 1916 epidemiological study on inheritance of dementia praecox featured large, sy

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27

"PTSD-related biases in the assessment of ambiguous and unambiguous affective faces." Tulane University, 2005.

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This study investigated whether veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) would display a bias to interpret ambiguous faces in a more threatening way than veterans without the disorder. While there are a number of studies showing that high levels of anxiety are associated with a negative interpretive bias, there is only one published study investigating interpretive style in PTSD. Furthermore, all but one of these studies has relied on ambiguous words or sentences as the evocative stimuli. The current proposal extended extant studies by investigating how PTSD and control subjects res

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28

Meunier, Sophie. "Le changement organisationnel : la prédiction des comportements de soutien et de résistance par le biais des préoccupations." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3949.

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Depuis plus de 50 ans, les chercheurs s’intéressent à la résistance au changement. Or, malgré plusieurs années de recherche, on ne sait toujours pas exactement quelles variables peuvent prédire les comportements de résistance et encore moins ceux de soutien. La présente thèse vise à pallier cette lacune en identifiant des variables pouvant expliquer à la fois les comportements de soutien et de résistance lors d’un changement organisationnel majeur. Le modèle des phases de préoccupations (Bareil 2004a) s’avère intéressant à cet effet puisqu’il intègre bien les savoirs actuels et s’adapte à dif

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29

Chang, Chia-Jung, and 張佳容. "Attentional Bias Processing in Social Anxious Individuals: Influences of Morphed Facial Expressions and Affective Valence." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u52b82.

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碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>臨床心理學研究所<br>103<br>This research aimed to investigate the attentional bias of social anxious individuals by using dot-probe task based on morphed facial expression with various affective valences. This work also unveiled the effect of social threat induction task on the attentional bias of social anxious individuals. In this research, there were 3 groups of participants, including (G1) 13 social anxiety diagnosed outpatients from clinical group, (G2) 42 high-social anxiety and (G3) 45 low-social anxiety individuals. Among them (G2) and (G3) were from non-clinical group, and sel

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30

Côté, Sébastien. "Qualité du soutien émotionnel parental, biais d'évaluation de compétence et fonctionnement scolaire chez des élèves du primaire." Thèse, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4134/1/D2178.pdf.

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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans l'intérêt porté aux perceptions de compétence dans l'étude du fonctionnement et de la réussite scolaires des élèves. Elle porte plus spécifiquement son attention sur un aspect des perceptions de compétence qui a cependant fait l'objet de peu de travaux de recherche, les biais d'évaluation de sa compétence tels que révélés par l'écart entre la perception de compétence scolaire de l'élève et une mesure objective de ses habiletés réelles. Sachant le rôle central des perceptions de compétence dans le fonctionnement des individus, ces biais risquent d'avoir des conséquenc

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31

Liu, Yu-Hao, and 劉友皓. "Understanding the Affecting Factors of IT Investment Valuation Bias and IT Value Conversion Barriers." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mbfj4e.

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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>資訊管理學系研究所<br>103<br>IT investment failure has long been shed light on in information system (IS) research. In order to survive in a turbulent environment, IT investment is, for firms, increasingly important and cannot be ignored for firms. However, after enterprises implemented ITs, they discover that IT investments do not seem to bring any benefits to the firm. Why? Though researchers have tried to figure out the reasons of IT investment failure in many aspects, we find out that the value perspective study of this field relatively rare. Our study apply the value framework prop

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32

Lu, Hui-Yi, and 呂慧誼. "The Study of Factors Affecting English Learning Performance of High-grade Primary School Students－By Self-selection Bias Approach." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28389357636398334242.

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碩士<br>開南大學<br>商學院碩士在職專班<br>101<br>This study uses the English learning performance of students at Taoyuan City elementary schools as main subjects. We identify relevant factors affecting the effectiveness of learning so as to understand the students’ English learning situation at Taoyuan City elementary schools. The findings can be used as references for the implementation of elementary English teaching as well as for subsequent academic researches. It is hoped that English language teaching at elementary schools can lay a foundation for students' happy and effective English learning. This stu

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33

Kösters, Gundula. "Psychiatrisch-genetische Forschung zur Ätiologie affektiver Störungen unter dem Einfluss rassenhygienischer Ideologie: Ernst Rüdins unveröffentlichte Studie „Zur Vererbung des manisch-depressiven Irreseins“ (1922-1925)." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14843.

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In the early 20th century, there were few therapeutic options for mental illness and asylum numbers were rising. This pessimistic outlook favoured the rise of the eugenics movement. Heredity was assumed to be the principal cause of mental illness. Politicians, scientists and clinicians in North America and Europe called for compulsory sterilisation of the mentally ill. Psychiatric genetic research aimed to prove a Mendelian mode of inheritance as a scientific justification for these measures. Ernst Rüdin’s seminal 1916 epidemiological study on inheritance of dementia praecox featured large, sy

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34

Almeida, Sara Bolito dos Santos. "Give me a break : how psychological distance affects consumers’ expected experience of a break during a positive experience?" Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/25328.

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Previous research about the effect of breaks during a positive experience has shown that consumer experience might be improved. However, a number of studies have also shown that consumers prefer no interruptions during positive activities. This results in incorrect predictions on consumers’ optimal experience. This thesis aims to find a way of lessening the weight consumers attribute to breaks on positive experience. Manipulating one of the dimensions of psychological distance we will try to understand its impact on consumers’ perceptions and willingness to experience a situation when introduc

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