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1
Ahlawat, Ila. Women and Temporality in Literature and Cinema. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729741.
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Women and Temporality in Literature and Cinema delves into the subject of literary and cinematic women characters entrapped in temporal spaces and their peculiar communication with visibility, enclosure, space, and time in the context of sexual and temporal discord. It explores subjects such as youth, ageing, remembering, forgetting, and repeating within the larger realm of gendered temporalities that are essentially nuanced and affective experiences. Throughout, this book seeks to locate and spell out the damaging as well as the healing effects of temporality upon women’s consciousness.
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Bier, Ada. La motivazione nell’insegnamento in CLIL. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-213-0.
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There are several studies in the literature that emphasize the link between CLIL and student motivation for learning. The same does not apply for teachers – who teach a non-language subject through a foreign language – whose motivation for teaching in CLIL should not be taken for granted. Our research is an inquiry in the Italian upper secondary school with a dual focus: a main focus on CLIL teachers and a secondary one on CLIL students. The main aim of this cross-sectional study is to offer a snapshot of the existing situation from the point of view of teachers’ and students’ perceptions one year after the introduction of the legal requirement for compulsory CLIL, with a view to reflecting on the present in order to hypothesize possible future developments. The obtained results – which confirm the association between the motivational dimension of the CLIL teacher with the cognitive, affective and relational ones, and with the motivational dimension of CLIL students – are interpreted and discussed in the light of the most recent theoretical developments and suggestions for future practice and research are offered.
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Eliadou, Julia. Factors affecting teachers' confidence to teach the subject of art in primary schools in Cyprus. [Guildford]: [University of Surrey], 1999.
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4
Thomas, Alex W. Affecting causal attribution in human subjects by applying complex paterns of low level non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Psychology, 1995.
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5
Machin, Janet. Factors affecting the choice of subjects at A-level with regard mainly to the take-up of science. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1993.
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6
Gleason, Bogert George. The law of trusts and trustees: A treatise covering the law relating to trusts and allied subjects affecting trust creation and administration. 3rd ed. St. Paul, Minn: West Group, 2000.
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Hess, Amy Morris. The law of trusts and trustees: A treatise covering the law relating to trusts and allied subjects affecting trust creation and administration, with forms. 3rd ed. St. Paul, Minn: West Pub. Co., 2000.
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8
Kove, Myron. The law of trusts and trustees: A treatise covering the law relating to trusts and allied subjects affecting trust creation and administration : with forms. 3rd ed. [St. Paul, Minn.]: Thomson West, 2008.
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Hess, Amy Morris. The law of trusts and trustees: A treatise covering the law relating to trusts and allied subjects affecting trust creation and administration : with forms. 3rd ed. St. Paul, Minn: West Group, 2000.
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10
1833, Huntington Thomas d., ed. Law of slander, libel, scandalum magnatum, and false rumours: Including the rules which regulate intellectual communications, affecting the characters of individuals and the interests of the public : with a description of the practice and pleadings in personal actions, informations, indictments, attachments for contempts, &c. connected with the subject. Littleton, Colo: Fred B. Rothman, 1997.
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11
Great Britain. Colonial Office. Canada: Return to an address of the Honourable the House of Commons, dated 14 May 1846, for "copy of the Governor-General Earl Cathcart's speech to the Legislative Assembly of the Canadas"; copy "of the despatch or despatches referred to in the Governor-General's speech as having been, and of any others since addressed to Her Majesty's Secretary of State for the colonies, remonstrating against certain presumed changes in the Imperial commercial policy, or conveying to Her Majesty's government information respecting the feelings of Her Majesty's Canadian subjects in regard to the commercial changes now under the consideration of the Imperial legislature"; copy "of any petition from the Quebec Board of Trade, addressed to Her Majesty's principal secretary of state for the colonies in the course of the present year, on the subject of apprehended changes in the Imperial tariff affecting the produce of the Canada's (Lord George Bentinck) ... [London: HMSO, 2001.
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12
Shah, Esha. Who Is the Scientist-Subject?: Affective History of the Gene. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.
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13
Who Is the Scientist-Subject?: Affective History of the Gene. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.
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14
Browning, Birch P. Music as Subject Matter. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199928200.003.0005.
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This chapter discusses what makes music an activity or a discipline worthy of study and what about music is worthy of study. It shows how music, like all disciplines worthy of study, can be understood to have cognitive, psychomotor, and affective components. Understanding the hierarchies in each facet and the relationship between the various facets helps teachers understand what music should be taught and in what ways. Music was long considered a fringe subject, but in 2014 it became a core subject in the national curriculum. Leaders within the field have written standards—curriculum guidelines—to help music teachers understand what students should know and be able to do as a consequence of music study.
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Furtak, Rick Anthony. Attunement and Perspectival Truth. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190492045.003.0007.
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Once we have rejected the notion of a subject-independent objectivity, we lack any basis for assuming that our emotional responses project value onto a neutral world. Love’s vision must give us unique, unequalled access to the sort of truth that it reveals. Each person’s emotional point of view, his or her attunement to the world, makes possible a distinct form of knowledge, revealing a particular truth. Our moods, temperaments, and idiosyncratic affective outlooks must fit into this book’s account of emotions as felt recognitions of significance. Each attunement involves selective attention and focus—not distortion. An observer who is not attuned in any way would not notice anything. Each person’s affective vantage point illustrates the perspectival character of existence. Because our affective outlook is a condition of apprehending axiological reality, becoming appreciative of another person’s attunement enables us to know other sides of the truth and other significant truths.
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Mattens, Filip. From the Origin of Spatiality to a Variety of Spaces. Edited by Dan Zahavi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755340.013.38.
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How can a spatial world appear to a non-extended mind? This chapter focuses on two moments in which this question steered the development of phenomenology. The first part explains how Husserl’s understanding of perception took shape against the background of nineteenth-century debates on the psychological origin of spatial presentations. It is in his phenomenological reconsideration of this matter that the subject comes to be understood as a subject of bodily capacities, engaged in a primal form of praxis. The second part focuses on Straus’s crusade against the dominant, praxis-based understanding of spatiality. Radically rejecting the question itself as originating in a Cartesian misconception of sense-perception, Straus introduced a plurality of spaces by revealing different “forms of spatiality” flowing from the affective dimension underlying all perception.
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Stanghellini, Giovanni. The basic need for recognition. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198792062.003.0017.
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This chapter argues that the need to be recognized and to be accepted, respected, forgiven, and loved is a fundamental disposition in human existence. My existence is conditioned by the value of social recognition alongside the organic values of my biological life. Yet, the need for recognition can even be stronger than other needs rooted in my organic values. We as human persons can choose to renounce, at least in part, our material gains (e.g. a part of one’s salary) in order to achieve social recognition (e.g. the acknowledgement of one’s capacities). There are three paradigmatic forms of recognition: Love, whereby the person experiences the recognition of his particular needful nature in order to attain that affective security that allows him to articulate his needs; Law, the subject experiences that juridical institutions guarantee the recognition of his autonomy; and Solidarity, the subject experiences the recognition of the value of his capacities.
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Pattison, George. A Phenomenology of the Devout Life. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813507.001.0001.
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A Phenomenology of the Devout Life offers a phenomenological approach to the kind of Christian spirituality set out in François de Sales’s Introduction to the Devout Life but with parallels in other movements in both Protestant and Catholic spirituality. Situating the subject in relation to contemporary philosophical discussions of selfhood, the book arrives at a view of the devout self as essentially motivated by an affective orientation towards God that, via the experience of temptation and the practice of humility, subordinates reason to love and ends with self-annihilation. In this annihilated condition it becomes capable of a pure love of God, devoid of self-interest, willing only what God wills. These themes of pure love and nothingness are explored with particular reference to the writings of Archbishop Fénelon. Although this may suggest that the devout life is a kind of mysticism, it is argued that as a programme for practical life in the world it is distinct from experientially oriented kinds of mysticism, though sharing the ideal of union with God. As the first of a three-part Philosophy of Christian Life, the book ends by questioning what it could mean to insist that the source of the affective lure of devotion is God.
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Ricciardi, Victor. The Financial Psychology of Players, Services, and Products. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190269999.003.0002.
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This chapter provides an overview of the emerging cognitive and emotional themes of behavioral finance that influence individual behavior. The behavioral finance perspective of risk incorporates both qualitative (subjective) and quantitative (objective) aspects of the decision-making process. An emerging subject of research interest and investigation in behavioral finance is the inverse (negative) relation between perceived risk and expected return (perceived return). The chapter highlights important topics such as representativeness, framing, anchoring, mental accounting, control issues, familiarity bias, trust, worry, and regret theory. It also examines the role of negative affective reactions on financial decisions. A host of biases that depend on specific aspects of the financial product or investment service influence the judgment and decision-making process of most financial players.
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Singleton, Jermaine. Coda. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039621.003.0007.
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This chapter summarizes key themes and presents some final thoughts. This book has attempted to demonstrate that America continues to suffer from the immaterial dimensions of the legacy of slavery and ongoing racial subjugation it claims with great difficulty. The preceding chapters worked in concert to elucidate the affective claims of the history of slavery and ongoing racial subjugation through a theory of cultural melancholy. In writing thw book through a close reading of American and African American literatures and cultures, it is hoped to reveal a culturally and historically specific paradigm that explains how unresolved racial grievances are transmitted transgenerationally by way of ritual practice, and uncover a paradigm for understanding racialized subject formation that is simultaneously individualistic and interpersonal.
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Marshall, Colin. So What? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809685.003.0011.
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This chapter defends the significance of the epistemic answer to the “why be moral?” question in the face of possible moral skeptics who shrug it off. First, it is argued that the answer may be significant even if it does not motivate any moral skeptics to change, since it is capable of providing reassurance to compassionate people. Similar limitations, it is argued, would confront even the most successful possible answer that appealed to happiness. Second, a series of possible further extensions of the epistemic answer are considered that would give it more force with some skeptics. These extensions concern epistemic pride, compensation for immorality, special epistemic norms, epistemic isolation, and the possibility that the only properties a subject can be in touch with outside her mind are the affective properties of other creatures.
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El-Ariss, Tarek. Leaks, Hacks, and Scandals. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691181936.001.0001.
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In recent years, Arab activists have confronted authoritarian regimes both on the street and online, leaking videos and exposing atrocities, and demanding political rights. This book situates these critiques of power within a pervasive culture of scandal and leaks and shows how cultural production and political change in the contemporary Arab world are enabled by digital technology, yet emerge from traditional cultural models. Focusing on a new generation of activists and authors from Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula, the book connects WikiLeaks to The Arabian Nights, Twitter to mystical revelation, cyberattacks to pre-Islamic tribal raids, and digital activism to the affective scene-making of Arab popular culture. It shifts the epistemological and historical frameworks from the postcolonial condition to the digital condition and shows how new media challenge the novel as the traditional vehicle for political consciousness and intellectual debate. Theorizing the rise of “the leaking subject” who reveals, contests, and writes through chaotic yet highly political means, the book investigates the digital consciousness, virality, and affective forms of knowledge that jolt and inform the public and that draw readers in to the unfolding fiction of scandal. The book maps the changing landscape of Arab modernity, or Nahda, in the digital age and traces how concepts such as the nation, community, power, the intellectual, the author, and the novel are hacked and recoded through new modes of confrontation, circulation, and dissent.
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Scheer, Monique. Enthusiasm. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863595.001.0001.
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Enthusiasm seeks to contribute to a culturally and historically nuanced understanding of how emotions secure and ratify the truth of convictions. More than just pure affective intensity, enthusiasm is about something: a certainty, clarity, or truth. Neither as clearly negative as “fanaticism” nor as general as “passion,” “enthusiasm” specifically entails belief. For this reason, Enthusiasm takes its starting point in religion, the social arena in which the concept was first debated and to which the term still gestures. Empirically based in modern German Protestantism, where religious emotion is intensely cultivated but also subject to vigorous scrutiny, this book combines historical and ethnographic methods to show how enthusiasm has been negotiated and honed as a practice in Protestant denominations ranging from liberal to charismatic. The nexus of religion and emotion and how it relates to central concepts of modernity such as rationality, knowledge, interiority, and sincerity are key to understanding why moderns are so ambivalent about enthusiasm. Grounded in practice theory, Enthusiasm assumes that emotions are not an affective state we “have” but mind–body activations we “do,” having learned to perform them in culturally specific ways. This book shows that, when understood as an emotional practice, enthusiasm has different styles, inflected by historical traditions, social milieus, and knowledge (even ideologies) about emotions and how they work. Finally, Enthusiasm also provides insight into how this feeling works in secular humanism as well as in politics, and why it is so contested as a practice in any context.
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Mukherji, Subha. Outgrowing Adonis, outgrowing Ovid. Edited by Jonathan Post. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199607747.013.0014.
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This chapter shows Shakespeare weaving his rhetorical engagement with Ovid with a sexual narrative to ‘disorient’ his readership, in the process critically reorienting his own relationship with Ovid as early as his first attempt to emulate him. The narrator’s evolving attitude to the figure of Adonis emerges as a site for this metamorphosis, as readerly desire is set at variance with that of the inscribed subject(s). A brief, final excursion into Lucrece illustrates most directly what is at stake in the Ovidian Shakespeare’s redefinition of his poetic at this juncture, and the nature of its urgency. While it might have remained a young poet’s bravura adoption of a trendy project, Venus and Adonis becomes an exuberant yet confusing and responsible work that signals the beginning of a career which refuses to scrape poetic alchemy clean of its affective cost.
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Janaway, Christopher. Affect and Cognition in Schopenhauer and Nietzsche. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198766858.003.0011.
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Schopenhauer holds that emotions impair cognition, while Nietzsche apparently replies that they are ineliminable from cognition, and that they enhance it. For Schopenhauer, human cognition is normally in the service of affective states that he classes as ‘movements of the will’. But he sees cognition as spoiled, warped, or tainted by its inability to shake off the emotions, desires, or drives that belong to human nature. The exception is a rare kind of cognition in which an individual becomes the ‘pure subject of cognition’. Nietzsche accepts something analogous to Schopenhauer’s descriptive position on the relation between cognition and the affects. But he firmly rejects Schopenhauer’s evaluative stance, and denies the possibility of a pure, objective, affect-free cognition. Nietzsche argues that the influence of the affects on human cognition is not only necessary, but beneficial. This, the chapter argues, is at the heart of Nietzsche’s famous ‘perspectivism’.
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Fuchs, Thomas. Intercorporeality and Interaffectivity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210465.003.0001.
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According to phenomenological and enactive approaches, human sociality does not start from isolated individuals and their hidden inner states, but from intercorporeality and interaffectivity. This paper introduces first a general concept of embodied affectivity: it conceives emotions as a circular interaction of the embodied subject and the respective situation with its affective affordances. This leads to a concept of embodied interaffectivity (with others) as a process of coordinated interaction, bodily resonance, and “mutual incorporation,” providing the basis for a primary empathic understanding. Finally these empathic capacities are also based developmentally on an intercorporeal memory acquired in early childhood, which conveys a basic sense of social attunement or a “social musicality” and also manifests itself in an individual’s habitus. Basic empathy mediated by embodied interaction may subsequently be extended by higher-level cognitive capacities such as perspective-taking and imaginary transposition. Nevertheless, intercorporeality and interaffectivity remain the basis of social understanding.
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Marchand, Marianne H., and Rocio del Carmen Osorno Velázquez. Markets/Marketization. Edited by Lisa Disch and Mary Hawkesworth. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.013.22.
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Feminists from a range of disciplines and perspectives theorized the basic androcentric bias in neoliberal (or neoclassical) economic theory. This chapter analyzes the market as a gendered spatial and conceptual construction and shows how marketization—the encroachment of the market upon noneconomic spheres—involves gendered practices that are embedded in and constitutive of, and transformative of unequal power relations of gender, race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, age, national origin, and geopolitical locations. It traces how neoliberal global restructuring has affected women’s participation in productive, reproductive, and virtual economies, including agribusiness, industrial production, the service sector, transnational care work, and sex work, and in the area of affective labor. And it demonstrates how the financialization of noneconomic spheres of the global economy insert women from the global North and the global South into the global financial sector through microfinancing schemes, which subject them to the disciplinary and regulatory power of global finance.
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Marchant, Alicia. Romancing the Stone. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802648.003.0012.
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The Stone of Scone is neither ornate nor decorative, but rather is plain, heavy, and unwieldy. Yet this stone’s plain appearance is not matched with a plain history; it has been stolen, broken, cracked, and chipped, blown up by Suffragettes, declared a fake, and is the subject of at least one symphony. This is a well-loved stone, but it is also a highly contested object due to its extraordinary function: it can transform men and women into kings and queens. Since time immemorial the stone was key to the inauguration of Scottish monarchs, and it was due to its monarch-making capabilities that the stone was stolen by the English king in 1296, and transported to Westminster Abbey, where it was incorporated into British coronation rituals. This chapter considers the stone’s significance in the context of material culture and emotions, tracing its long, affective history.
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Sie, Maureen. All You Need Is Love(s). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190460723.003.0003.
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In this chapter, Maureen Sie argues that our nature as loving beings can explain our nature as moral beings. Because love and morality seem to be similar phenomena in many ways, she distinguishes several kinds of loves and explains how they relate to different moral dimensions of our existence, taking as her starting point C. S. Lewis’s work on the subject and renaming his fourth kind of love “kindness.” She argues that recent findings in affective neuroscience suggest that this fourth kind is a natural kind of love. She discusses the dynamics of Lewis’s account, showing that each of the loves that he distinguishes requires the fourth love (kindness) to keep them from taking a nasty turn. She concludes by explaining why this kind of love actually fits the naturalist picture well if the recent finding that oxytocin is involved in our trusting interactions with strangers is correct.
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Lee, Hyo-Dong. Ren and Causal Efficacy: Confucians and Whitehead on the Social Role of Symbolism. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474429566.003.0007.
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Confucians in East Asia have always dreamed of holding human communities together and constructing well-functioning polities in and through the binding and harmonizing power of rituals. Underlying their trust in the power of rituals is the notion that rituals constitute symbolic articulation and enchancement of our affective responses to the conditions of embodied relationality and historicity in which we always already find ourselves. This Confucian theory of rituals resonates with Whitehead’s theory of symbolism, insofar as the latter advances a primordially relational ontology of the subject by highlighting the hitherto neglected epistemological notion of perception in the mode of causal efficacy. As such, the Confucian theory of rituals offers a fresh cross-cultural perspective to understand Whitehead’s implied critique of the modern liberal social theories that are based on a view of human beings as atomized individuals who rationally consent to enter society.
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Fuchs, Thomas. The Phenomenology of Affectivity. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0038.
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In contrast to current opinion which locates mental states including moods and emotions within our head, phenomenology regards affects as encompassing phenomena that connect body, self, and world. Based on the phenomenological approach, the chapter gives a detailed account of: (a) the feeling of being alive or vitality, (b) existential feelings, (c) affective atmospheres, (d) moods, and (e) emotions, emphasizing the embodied as well as intersubjective dimensions of affectivity. Thus, emotions are regarded as resulting from the circular interaction between affective affordances in the environment and the subject's bodily resonance, be it in the form of sensations, postures, gestures, or movement tendencies. A special section deals with the phenomena of interaffectivity, understood as the mutual empathic coupling of two embodied subjects. Psychopathological examples complete the phenomenological account of affectivity.
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Orbelo, Diana Marie. Impaired comprehension of affective prosody in elderly subjects in relationship to hearing loss and cognitive decline. [s.n.], 2001.
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33
Affecting Grace: Theatre, Subject, and the Shakespearean Paradox in German Literature from Lessing to Kleist. University of Toronto Press, 2013.
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34
Anderson, David. Landscape and Subjectivity in the Work of Patrick Keiller, W.G. Sebald, and Iain Sinclair. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847199.001.0001.
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Situating Keiller, Sebald, and Sinclair as the three leading voices in ‘English psychogeography’, this book examines what, apart from a shared interest in English landscape and townscape, connects their work; it discovers this in the cultivation of a certain ‘affective’ mode or sensibility especially attuned to the cultural anxieties of the twentieth century’s closing decades. As it goes on, the book explores motifs including ‘essayism’, the reconciliation of creativity with ‘market forces’, and the foregrounding of an often agonised or melancholic subjectivity. It wonders whether the work it looks at can, collectively, be seen to constitute a ‘critical theory of contemporary space’. In the process, it suggests that Keiller, Sebald, and Sinclair represent a highly significant moment in English culture’s engagement with landscape, environment, and itself. There are six chapters in all, with two devoted to each subject: one to their early years and less well-known work; and another to their more famous later contributions, including important works such as Patrick Keiller’s London (1994), W.G. Sebald’s The Rings of Saturn (1995), and Iain Sinclair’s Lights Out for the Territory (1997). The book’s analyses are fuelled by archival and topographical research carried out in London and Germany and are responsive to various interdisciplinary contexts, including the tradition of the ‘English Journey’, the set of ideas associated with the ‘spatial turn’, critical theory, the so-called ‘heritage debate’ in Britain, and more recent theorization of the ‘anthropocene’. In all, the book suggests the various ways that a dialectical relationship between dwelling and displacement has been exploited as a means to attempt subjective reorientation within the axiomatically disorientating conditions of contemporary modernity.
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Bunker, Professor Christopher, and Dr Arani Chandrakumar. Dermatological diseases and emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199565979.003.00017.
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Chapter 17 covers dermatological diseases and emergencies including a general introduction to the subject, followed by information on erythroderma, drug eruptions, angio-oedema, Kawasaki disease, staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome, Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (streptococcal TSS), staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, necrotizing fasciitis, psoriasis, eczema and dermatitis, cutaneous vasculitis, immunobullous disorders, pyoderma gangrenosum, scarring alopecia, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus infection, bacterial infections affecting the skin, fungal infections affecting the skin, ectoparasitic disease, HIV infection and the skin, malignant melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, and cutaneous T cell lymphoma.
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Adelman, Rebecca A. Figuring Violence. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823281671.001.0001.
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Figuring Violence catalogs the affects that define the latter stages of the war on terror and the imaginative work that underpins them. These affects—apprehension, affection, admiration, gratitude, pity, and righteous anger—are far more pleasurable and durable than their predecessors. Hence, they are deeply compatible with the ambitions of a state embroiling itself in a perpetual and essentially unwinnable war. Surveying the cultural landscape of this sprawling conflict, Figuring Violence reveals the varied mechanisms by which these affects have been militarized. This book tracks their convergences around six types of beings: civilian children, military children, military spouses, veterans with PTSD and TBI, Guantánamo detainees, and military dogs. All of these groups have become preferred objects of sentiment in wartime public culture, but they also have in common their status as political subjects who are partially or fully unknowable. They become visible to outsiders through a range of mediated and imaginative practices that are ostensibly motivated by concern or compassion. However, these practices actually function to reduce these beings to abstracted figures and so make them easy targets for affective investment. This is a paradoxical and conditional form of recognition that eclipses the actual beings upon whom those figures are patterned, silencing their political subjectivities and obscuring their suffering. As a result, they are erased and rendered hypervisible at once. Figuring Violence demonstrates that this dynamic ultimately propagates the very militarism that begets their victimization.
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Diran, Ingrid. Antonio Negri. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423632.003.0029.
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Agamben describes his posture as a reader as one of seeking a text’s Entwicklungsfähigkeit, or capacity for elaboration.1 In examining Agamben’s practices of reading, we can attend to the opposite phenomenon: the counter-elaboration that a text, in having being read by the philosopher, performs upon Agamben’s own thought. This reciprocal elaboration might constitute a paradigm for Agamben’s use of reading, according to his own idiosyncratic definition of use as an event in the middle voice, in which (according to a definition of Benveniste) the subject ‘effects an action only in affecting itself (il effectue en s’affectant)’ (UB 28). With this definition in mind, we could say that Agamben effects a text (he writes) only to the extent that he is also affected by another text (he reads). This is why Agamben’s position as a reader proves particularly important to any assessment of his work, quite aside from the problem of influence or intellectual genealogy. For this same reason, however, assessing Agamben’s relation to Antonio Negri – a figure with whom, by most measures, he is at odds – poses an unexpected challenge: how can Agamben’s thought be a use of Negri? Answering this question means not only assessing the critical distance between the two thinkers, but also taking this distance as a measure, in the Spinozan sense, of mutual affection.
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Hjorth, Daniel, and Robin Holt. Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677). Edited by Jenny Helin, Tor Hernes, Daniel Hjorth, and Robin Holt. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669356.013.0006.
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Baruch Spinoza is rarely read in organization studies and figures in discussions on process philosophy or process thinking only occasionally. However, he becomes a most apposite thinker of organization and process in the context of ethics. Spinoza’s philosophy emphasizes both agency and structure as the active or passive modulation of nature, rather than individual agents in their status as subjects, or on structures as determining constraints. This chapter examines Spinoza’s philosophy based on three basic concepts: substance, mode, and attribute. It also discusses his ideas about God, Nature, ethics of coping, conatus, affect and affective capacity, actorship, and organization.
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Munro, James. A Taxonomy of Prima Facie Violations of International Economic Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828709.003.0008.
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Having determined that carbon units are, to varying extents, subject to international economic law, Chapter 8 assesses the consistency of emissions trading schemes and their rules affecting carbon units with that body of law. In particular, Chapter 8 identifies and evaluates the rules in emissions trading schemes affecting the trade, use, and value of carbon units that constitute prima facie violations of that body of law. It considers: (i) the differential treatment of carbon units that engages disciplines on non-discrimination; (ii) the quantitative restrictions on external carbon units that engage disciplines on market access; and (iii) the kinds of governmental interference in carbon markets that engage disciplines on investment. Chapter 8 thereby identifies and catalogues numerous prima facie breaches embedded in the rules of most emissions trading schemes.
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Ausloos, Jef. The Right to Erasure in EU Data Protection Law. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847977.001.0001.
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This book critically investigates the role of data subject rights in countering information and power asymmetries online. It aims at dissecting ‘data subject empowerment’ in the information society through the lens of the right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’) in Article 17 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In doing so, it provides an extensive analysis of the interaction between the GDPR and the fundamental right to data protection in Article 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (Charter), how data subject rights affect fair balancing of fundamental rights, and what the practical challenges are to effective data subject rights. The book starts with exploring the data-driven asymmetries that characterize individuals’ relationship with tech giants. These commercial entities increasingly anticipate and govern how people interact with each other and the world around them, affecting core values such as individual autonomy, dignity, and freedom. The book explores how data protection law, and data subject rights in particular, enable resisting, breaking down or at the very least critically engaging with these asymmetric relationships. It concludes that despite substantial legal and practical hurdles, the GDPR’s right to erasure does play a meaningful role in furthering the fundamental right to data protection (Art 8 Charter) in the face of power asymmetries online.
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Strawson, Galen. “From the inside”. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161006.003.0007.
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This chapter relates John Locke's use of the word “consciousness” to the notion that a subject of experience's field of consciousness is identical with its “field of from-the-inside givenness,” where this includes all its present experience, as well as all memories accessible from-the-inside, and also everything somatosensorily available. The chapter suggests that a subject of experience's field of consciousness is identical with its field of morally-affectively-concerned from-the-inside experience, and that Lockean consciousness is always accompanied by concernment. Finally, it considers the fundamental and forensic aspect of Locke's view of personal identity, the commonsense point that “human beings won't on the Day of Judgment be responsible for all the things they have done in their lives, but only for those that they're still Conscious of and so still Concerned in.”
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López Lerma, Mónica. Sensing Justice through Contemporary Spanish Cinema. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474442046.001.0001.
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Sensing Justice through Contemporary Spanish Cinema examines the aesthetic frames that mediate the sensory perception and signification of law and justice in the context of 21st-century Spain. What senses do these frames privilege or downgrade? What kind of subjects do they show, construct, and address? What kind of affective and ethical responses do they invite? What kind of judgments do they invite? The book addresses these questions by moving away from the focus on narrative and through a close analysis of selected contemporary Spanish films. By creating new frames of perception and signification, the films analyzed challenge the senses of law and justice traditionally taken for granted and reconfigure them anew.
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Archer, Harriet. John Higgins’s First Part of the Mirror for Magistrates (1574–5). Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806172.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 introduces John Higgins’s first contribution to the corpus, and considers the ways in which his Mirror prequel works with Baldwin’s interest in textual transmission to retell the story of Britain’s legendary foundation. Contrasting the learned humanism of Higgins’s paratextual statements of intent with the dream vision in which his history is embedded, the chapter explores the anxieties attendant on Elizabethan historians of the English past, and what was at stake in the absence of a reliable national origin myth. We see Higgins employing a series of distancing techniques which evoke the inaccessibility and contested nature of ancient British history, such as medieval dream vision, while at the same time he draws his subjects closer by emphasizing the affective power and benefits of tragic narrative.
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Suri, Ajay, and Jean R. McEwan. Anti-anginal agents in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0037.
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Angina is chest pain resulting from the lack of blood supply to heart muscle most commonly due to obstructive atherosclerotic. Intensive care unit patients are subject to various stresses that will increase the demand on the heart and are in a pro-thrombotic state. Patients in an intensive treatment unit may be sedated and so cardiac ischaemia may be detected by electrocardiogram, haemodynamic monitoring, and echocardiographic imaging of function. These signs may indicate critical coronary perfusion heralding a myocardial infarction and are alleviated by anti-anginal drugs. Beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers are the usual first-line treatments for angina, but may not be ideal in the critically-ill patient. Nitrates reduce blood pressure without typically affecting heart rate. Nicorandil is a similar mechanism of action and tends to be given orally, while ivabridine, an If channel blocker, is a newer anti-anginal, which acts by reducing heart rate, while not affecting blood pressure. Ranolazine is the one of the newest anti-anginal agents and is believed to alter the transcellular late sodium current thereby decreasing sodium entry into ischaemic myocardial cells.
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Munro, James. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828709.003.0001.
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This book addresses whether and how emissions trading schemes to mitigate climate change are subject to the network of treaties comprising the international trade and investment regime, collectively referred to as international economic law. Chapter 1 introduces the broad structure and content of the book, which is divided into three principal parts. Part I, comprising Chapters 2 and 3, sets out the approach of the book, insofar as it involves initial process of treaty interpretation to determine the scope and content of relevant aspects of international economic law (including any relevant interaction with the international climate regime), followed by a subsequent process of applying the resulting interpretations to carbon units and the aspects of emissions trading schemes that affect their trade and investment in ways which attract the scrutiny of international economic law. Part II, covering Chapters 4–7, then seeks to ascertain whether carbon units are subject to international economic law by evaluating whether they qualify as ‘goods’/‘products’, ‘services’, ‘financial services’, and ‘investments’. Having determined that carbon units are, to varying extents, subject to international economic law, Part III (comprising Chapters 8 and 9) assesses the consistency of emissions trading schemes and their rules affecting carbon units with that body of law.
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Ringe, Don. Proto-Indo-European. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792581.003.0002.
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This chapter is a grammatical sketch of Proto-Indo-European. It describes the phonology of the language, including the system of surface contrasts; peculiarities of subsystems and individual segments; syllabification of sonorants; ablaut; rules affecting obstruents (including laryngeals); the accent system; and Auslautgesetze. The inflectional morphology is described, including the system of inflectional categories and their formal expression; the complex inflection of the verb (organized around aspect stems and inflected also for mood, voice, the person and number of the subject, and—marginally—tense); and the inflection of the various classes of nominals, with emphasis on the accent and ablaut paradigms of nouns. Short sections on derivational morphology, syntax, and the lexicon are included.
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Apostolidis, Paul. The Fight For Time. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459338.001.0001.
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In today’s precarious world, working people’s experiences are becoming more alike even as their disparities sharpen. This book unfolds a critique of the precarity phenomenon by setting Latino day laborers’ commentaries in dialogue with critical social theory. The Fight for Time shows how migrant labor on society’s jagged edges relates to encompassing syndromes of precarity as both exception and synecdoche. Subjected to especially harsh treatment as unauthorized migrants, these workers also epitomize struggles that apply throughout the economy. Juxtaposing day laborers’ accounts of their desperate circumstances, dangerous jobs, and informal job-seeking with theoretical accounts of the forces fueling precaritization, The Fight for Time illuminates a schema of precarity defined by temporal contradiction. This “critical-popular” approach, informed by Paulo Freire’s popular-education theory, elicits resonances and dissonances between day laborers’ themes and scholars’ analyses of neoliberal crisis, the postindustrial work ethic, affective and digital labor, the racial governance of public spaces, occupational safety and health hazards, and self-undermining patterns of desire and personal responsibility among precaritized subjects. Day laborers offer language redolent with potential to catalyze social critique among migrant workers. They also clarify the terms of mass-scale opposition to precarity. Such a politics would demand restoration of workers’ stolen time, engage a fight for the city, challenge the conversion of capital risk into workers’ bodily vulnerability, and foment the refusal of work. Day laborers’ convivial politics through self-organized worker centers, furthermore, offers a powerful basis for renewing radical democratic theory and imagining a key practical innovation: worker centers for all working people.
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Lorino, Philippe. Value and valuation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753216.003.0008.
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The organizing inquiry continuously requires such value assessments as: “Are we on the right track? Is our action fair, effective?” Subjectivist approaches view value as an affective manifestation of isolated subjects, objectivist approaches as a scientific characteristic of situations. For pragmatists, value is neither subjective nor objective, but practical: Rather than value as a substantive feature, they consider valuation as an empirical act. The social process of valuation is a fundamental dimension of any action. The pragmatist view rejects the means/ends rationalist model, and stresses the relational nature of valuation: Valuation translates hypothetical values into practical ends-in-view, and thus contributes to redesigning and organizing activity, through a reciprocal and symmetrical mediation, the mediation of activity through ends (imposing a trial on the progress of activity towards ends-in-view) and the mediation of ends through activity (imposing a trial on the coherence of ends with activity and activity means).
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Ferguson, Sam. Diaries Real and Fictional in Twentieth-Century French Writing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814535.001.0001.
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This is the first study of the diary in French writing across the twentieth century, as a genre including both fictional and non-fictional works. From the 1880s it became apparent to writers in France that their diaries (or journaux intimes) – a supposedly private form of writing – would probably come to be published, strongly affecting the way their readers viewed their other published works, and their very persona as an author. More than any other, André Gide embraced the literary potential of the diary: the first part of this book follows his experimentation with the diary in the fictional works Les Cahiers d’André Walter (1891) and Paludes (1895), in his diary of the composition of his great novel, Le Journal des faux-monnayeurs (1926), and in his monumental Journal 1889–1939 (1939). The second part follows developments in diary-writing after the Second World War, inflected by radical changes in attitudes towards the writing subject. Raymond Queneau’s works published under the pseudonym of Sally Mara (1947–1962) used the diary playfully at a time when the writing subject was condemned by the literary avant-garde. Roland Barthes’s experiments with the diary (1977–1979) took it to the extremes of its formal possibilities, at the point of a return of the writing subject. Annie Ernaux’s published diaries (1993–2011) demonstrate the role of the diary in the modern field of life-writing, especially in comparison with autobiography. Throughout the century, the diary has repeatedly been used to construct an œuvre and author, but also to call these fundamental literary concepts into question.
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Clasen, Mathias. Sizing Up the Beast. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190666507.003.0002.
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Horror fiction has been a legitimate object of academic study for several decades now. There are many competing theoretical approaches to horror and the Gothic, but the most prevalent approaches are seriously flawed. Constructivist approaches, which see horror as a product of historical circumstance, ignore the genre’s psychological and biological underpinnings and its deep history. Horror stretches back in time beyond the Gothic novel through folk tales to earlier oral narratives. Psychoanalytical approaches, which build on Freud’s theories of psychology, are scientifically obsolete and have a distorting effect on the subject matter, reducing horror to representations of psychosexual complexes. The chapter critically discusses existing approaches to horror, as well as horror as an affectively defined genre, and it argues for a consilient, biocultural approach which integrates other viable approaches within a framework based on biology and which builds on current social science.