Relevant bibliographies by topics / Affordans

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Affordans'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Affordans"

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Norberg, Anna-Maija. "Elevtexter i idrott och hälsa – en textetnografisk genreanalys." Sakprosa 12, no. 3 (September 18, 2020): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/sakprosa.7794.

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Studien syftar till att identifiera och beskriva genrer i ämnet idrott och hälsa på högstadiet och att visa hur dessa genrer positionerar eleverna. Genom textetnografiska metoder analyseras elevtexterna med avseende på den sociala handling som de är en del av. Genrer förstås i studien som konventionaliserade sätt att handla genom text. Data har samlats in genom etnografiska metoder, och materialet består dels av elevtexter, dels av fältanteckningar och videoinspelningar från lektioner där skrivande förekom och av ljudinspelningar från lärar- och elevintervjuer. Analysen av materialet drivs på ett övergripande sätt av begreppet ämnesdidaktisk interdiskursivitet. Begreppet affordans används för att visa hur texterna bjuder in till vissa handlingar och begränsar andra. Konkret analyseras texterna med textvetenskapliga metoder. De mest framskjutna genrerna i studien har med mätning och träning av kroppen att göra. Eleverna positioneras främst fysiologiskt utifrån sina kroppsliga förmågor, men genrernas hybriditet leder även till human- och samhällsvetenskapliga positioneringar.
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Shin, Donghee. "How do technological properties influence user affordance of wearable technologies?" Interaction Studies 20, no. 2 (October 7, 2019): 307–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.16024.shi.

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Abstract The Internet of things (IoT) affords people plenty of opportunities and a higher quality of life as well as drives a huge amount of data. By drawing on the concept of affordances, this study examines the user experience of personal informatics focusing on the technological and affective nature of affordance. A multi-mixed approach is used by combining qualitative methods and a quantitative survey. Results of the qualitative methods revealed a series of factors that related to the affordance of personal informatics, whereas results of the user model confirmed a significant role for connectivity, control, and synchronicity affordance regarding their underlying link to other variables, namely, expectation, confirmation, and satisfaction. The experiments showed that users’ affordances are greatly influenced by personal traits with interactivity tendency. The findings imply the embodied cognition process of personal informatics in which technological qualities are shaped by users’ perception, traits, and context. The results establish a foundation for wearable technologies through a heuristic quality assessment tool from a user embodied cognitive process. They confirm the validity and utility of applying affordances to the design of IoT as a useful concept, as well as prove that the optimum mix of affordances is crucial to the success or failure of IoT design.
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Ranscombe, Charlie, Wenwen Zhang, Jacob Rodda, and David Mathias. "Digital Sketch Modelling: Proposing a Hybrid Visualisation Tool Combining Affordances of Sketching and CAD." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.34.

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AbstractVisualisation of ideas and emergent designs is an essential ingredient in design practice. Sketching and CAD represent two widely used visualisation tools, each with complementary affordances that dictate their typical use during the design process. Sketching has affordances of fast and fluent visualisation whereas CAD affords easy modification of detailed designs. This paper proposes a hybrid tool, Digital Sketch Modelling, investigating the extent to which it can deliver complementary affordances of both sketching to CAD. Analysis of diary entries made by 62 postgraduate designers using sketching, digital sketch modelling and CAD within a design project forms the basis of the study. Results illustrate how digital sketching over crude 3d digital models, combined with benefits of digital image editing software enhance affordance for easy visualisation of ideas. Concurrently, the level of software used in Digital Sketch modelling led to fewer concerns over the level of difficulty to modify designs, enhancing the affordance for easy modification. As such we conclude Digital Sketch Modelling does combine affordances indicating its potential benefit in use between sketching and CAD.
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Shaw, Robert E., Jeffrey M. Kinsella-Shaw, and William M. Mace. "Affordance Types and Affordance Tokens: Are Gibson’s Affordances Trustworthy?" Ecological Psychology 31, no. 1 (October 3, 2018): 49–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2018.1508353.

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Kim, Yong Se. "A methodology of design for affordances using affordance feature repositories." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 29, no. 3 (July 28, 2015): 307–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060415000281.

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AbstractPeople interact with artifacts, either products or services, in their lives. These interactions are based on two-way communication between people and artifacts. The characteristics of artifacts that induce natural activities of people, affordances, play critical roles in making interactions successful and meaningful. The notion of affordance features, structural elements of artifacts that provide affordances, has been proposed earlier. In this paper, a methodological framework for design for affordances is proposed where repositories of affordance features are used. Affordances are identified through function–task interaction matrices or use activity observations. Using an affordance feature repository where many alternative structural elements for a specific affordance are stored together with corresponding design constraints and contexts, affordance features for those identified affordances are retrieved considering similarities between the target design constraints and those of the affordance features in the repositories. Using the clues given by such affordance features, a new affordance feature is to be designed through analogical reasoning. We present this design for affordance framework together with illustrative cases where various designers designed affordance features using affordance feature repositories.
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Mirbabaie, Milad, Ireti Amojo, and Stefan Stieglitz. "Affording Twitter in Emergency Situations." Journal of Database Management 32, no. 2 (April 2021): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2021040104.

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This study focuses on Twitter affordances and sense-making outcomes during a single emergency situation. By using an interpretive affordance lens, this study aims to assess rumors as influencers of sense-making during the 2017 Manchester terrorist attack. The authors combined a quantitative network analysis with a qualitative content analysis to assess the role of rumors during the emergency management after the attack. This study provides argumentative grounds for the notion of sense-making as a consequence of affording social media and builds on prior research to place sense-making as a cognitive process within the affordance concept. The authors emphasize new potentials to prevent or control rumors on social media for practitioners and contribute insights to rumor research. Namely, the authors contribute a novel perspective of rumors and their role during emergency management on social media.
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Anderson, Chad, and Daniel Robey. "Affordance potency: Explaining the actualization of technology affordances." Information and Organization 27, no. 2 (June 2017): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infoandorg.2017.03.002.

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Flach, John M., Pieter Jan Stappers, and Fred A. Voorhorst. "Beyond Affordances: Closing the Generalization Gap Between Design and Cognitive Science." Design Issues 33, no. 1 (January 2017): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00427.

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As designers and cognitive scientists begin to explore human experience as a relation between people and products, there is a need for constructs that index relational properties (i.e., properties of a product that are dependent on properties of an actor). One such construct that has recently become popular with designers is affordance. Affordances, such as pass-through-able, depend on properties of both an object (e.g., width of an opening) and properties of an actor (e.g., girth or shoulder width). In this article, three relational constructs are suggested to reflect important properties of the coupling between humans and products: affording, specifying, and satisfying. Affording refers to constraints on the action coupling between actor and product. Specifying refers to constraints on the perceptual or informational coupling. Finally, satisfying refers to constraints on value (e.g., attractiveness or desirability). The case is made that each of these three constructs are critical to determining the quality of the experience of an agent with a product (e.g., the capacity for satisfying interactions).
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Block, Martin E. "Can Children with Mild Mental Retardation Perceive Affordances for Action?" Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 10, no. 2 (April 1993): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.10.2.137.

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Recent evidence utilizing an ecological approach to perception (Gibson, 1979; Warren, 1984) suggests that children acquire the ability to distinguish what movement an environment “affords” soon after they acquire motor skills (e.g., Gibson et al., 1987; Palmer, 1989; Ulrich, Thelen, & Niles, 1991). However, it is still unclear whether or not children with cognitive disabilities can accurately perceive affordances (see Burton, 1987, 1990). The purpose of this study was to determine if boys with mild mental retardation could perceive affordances for the skill of jumping distances (standing long jump). Boys with mild mental retardation were asked to judge whether or not various distances could be jumped across by use of a two-footed takeoff and landing. Perceptual judgment was then compared to actual maximum jumping distance. Results indicate that boys with mental retardation were able to accurately perceive the affordance for jumping distance. Results were explained via an ecological perspective.
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McClelland, Tom. "The Mental Affordance Hypothesis." Mind 129, no. 514 (July 1, 2019): 401–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzz036.

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Abstract Our successful engagement with the world is plausibly underwritten by our sensitivity to affordances in our immediate environment. The considerable literature on affordances focuses almost exclusively on affordances for bodily actions such as gripping, walking or eating. I propose that we are also sensitive to affordances for mental actions such as attending, imagining and counting. My case for this ‘Mental Affordance Hypothesis’ is motivated by a series of examples in which our sensitivity to mental affordances mirrors our sensitivity to bodily affordances. Specifically, subjects perceive opportunities to perform a mental action and their doing so leads, under the right conditions, to the automatic preparation of that action. I conclude by sketching a mental affordance research program that would reinforce my case for the Mental Affordance Hypothesis and establish its ramifications for a number of debates across philosophy and psychology.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Affordans"

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Nyman, Anna. "Lekflöde i Varbergaskogen : Affordans som synsätt vid formgivning av en naturslinga för barn." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-13415.

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Drawing on earlier research, and using observations as the method, this study presents a design of a nature playscape for children. Applying outdoor pedagogy to the fundamental structure of a specific location, the study proposes a design of a playscape, over a more obvious design, for instance one based around a quiz walk.The theoretical framework is Gibson’s theory of affordance, and the goal has been to create a "play flow". The study concludes that spatial rhetorics can be an important tool when teaching children about nature.
Med tidigare forskning som underlag och observationer som metod har mina studier resulterat i gestaltningen av en naturslinga för barn. Genom en diskussion om utomhuspedagogikens kärna och platsens grundläggande struktur har arbetet lett till designen av ett leklandskap, istället för frågor eller stationer placerade längs en stig. Som teoretiskt ramverk för gestaltningen har Gibsons teori om affordans använts. Genom en medveten design av landskapets terräng har målsättningen varit att skapa ett lekflöde på platsen. Detta för att visa hur rummet kan ha betydelse för lärandet om naturen.
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Hessle, Adam. "Skjut, Vrid, Lyssna : En studie om affordans och agens vid arbete med skjut- respektive vridreglage i en mjukvaruequalizer." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-34344.

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Studien ligger inom ämnesområdet Audiovisuella studier och bygger på en undersökning av vrid- och skjutreglage i en mjukvaru-equalizer. Syftet med studien är att utforska användarens upplevelse och vad reglagen erbjuder användaren i form av affordance och agency. Undersökningen bygger på en equalizer med två utformade gränssnitt för skjutreglage respektive vridreglage som i sin tur presenterades för en utvald deltagargrupp i ett användartest, följt av semi-strukturerade intervjuer med varje deltagare under och efter utfört användartest. Studien visar att vridreglagen erbjuder en högre grad precision för användaren och att den horisontella utplaceringen av reglagen ansågs hjälpa lyssningen. Resultaten talade för att den horisontella utplaceringen möjliggör att användaren uppfattar gränssnittet trots avsaknad av visuell information.
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Rosenblad, Johanna. "’Den nya skogen’ : Hur transmodal design kan användas som verktyg i en audiovisuell produktionsprocess." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-34343.

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Denna studie undersöker hur processen för transmodalitet kan fungera som designverktyg, genom att undersöka multimodal omvandling av en audiovisuell gestaltning i relation till dess budskap. Detta för att öka förståelsen för hur processen för transmodal design kan användas som verktyg för design av budskap i audiovisuella gestaltningar. Vilket i sin tur kan bidra med kunskap och utveckling av processen för audiovisuellt meningsskapande, med transmodal design som produktionsverktyg. Syftet med denna uppsats är alltså att bidra med kunskap om olika gestaltningsformers kommunikativa potential, genom transmodal design som produktionsverktyg i gestaltningen ’Den nya skogen’. Detta undersöks med en forskning genom designmetodik bestående av en kombination av metoder; fokusgruppintervjuer samt iterativ och kollaborativ design. Fokusgruppen har agerat medkreatörer i en iterativ designprocess för gestaltningen, vilket har genererat tre olika versioner som använder olika gestaltningsformer för att förmedla ett budskap. Fokusgruppen har bland annat diskuterat gestaltningsformernas lämplighet i relation till budskapet, samt alternativa former för att förmedla samma budskap. Studien har fokuserat på tre teman i fokusgruppens insats; associationer/känslor, tolkning av budskap samt gestaltningsformernas kommunikativa potential och begränsningar.
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Ottosson, Nathalie, and Malin Karlsson. "Flerspråkiga elevers möjligheter till språkanvändning i svenskundervisning. : Observationer i klassrumsmiljö." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för svenska språket (SV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60297.

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This study proceeds from socio-cultural theory concerning the association between language development and participation in linguistic interaction, the concept of affordance, and certain methods and concepts from the ethnography of communication. Six multilingual pupils in grade 3 have been observed during four Swedish lessons. The aim of th0e study is to investigate multilingual pupils’ opportunities for linguistic activities through participation in verbal interaction during Swedish classes. The questions asked by the study concern the extent and nature of the linguistic interaction in which the observed pupils participated. The observations have been supplemented with interviews with two of the pupils’ class teachers. The result shows that the pupils’ participation in different verbal activities varies greatly, which means that they must have different opportunities for linguistic development. The concluding discussion points out the importance of teachers’ planning so that multilingual pupils will be given an opportunity for verbal interaction with classmates and teachers.
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Bjarme, Emil. "AFFORDANSER I TRÄ- OCH METALLSLÖJDSSALEN : - upphov till "oönskade" elevhandlingar?" Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Teacher Education (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-4274.

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I detta examensarbete har jag undersökt elevers beteenden och handlingar i en trä- och metallslöjdssal i en 6-9 skola utifrån James J. Gibsons affordansteori, The theory of affordances, vilken inriktar sig på de handlingserbjudanden - affordanser - en viss miljö erbjuder individen. Studien har grundats på antagandet att trä- och metallslöjdssalen är en miljö vars särpräglade karaktär, full av virke, verktyg, maskiner och slöjdföremål, har en särskilt stark inverkan på eleverna och i detta tenderar att inbjuda till handlingar som kan resultera i konflikter vilka kan utgöra säkerhetsrisker. Syftet har därmed varit att försöka identifiera och analysera för slöjdsalen typiska handlingar, som ur ett lärar- och säkerhetsperspektiv kan betraktas som oönskade. Jag har huvudsakligen tagit stöd i forskning kring miljöpsykologi med inriktning mot lärandemiljöer, samt forskning kring skolans slöjdverksamhet. Metoden för insamling av empiriskt material har varit en kombination av direkt observation och observation med videokamera. Min slutsats är att många av de handlingar som direkt kan relateras till slöjdsalen bör ses i ett större perspektiv där de är delar i beteenden som är allmäna i  alla skolans miljöer. Beteenden som härstammar ur interaktioner och kommunikation mellan elever som kan antas vara tämligen normal för åldern, oavsett miljö. Genom att analysera handlingarna har nyanser och aspekter framträtt som antyder att det sannolikt finns goda skäl att som lärare omvärdera sina åsikter och reflektera över sina förutfattade meningar om vad som är acceptabelt och inte, avseende elevers beteenden. Det har åtminstone jag gjort. 

 

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Granholm, Martina. "Materialitetens roller och förutsättningar i kommunal krisledning." Licentiate thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-35257.

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Arbetet med denna licentiatavhandling har skett inom ramarna för det Interregionalt finansierade projektet Gränslös samverkan för ökad säkerhet 2. Syftet med avhandlingen har varit att fördjupa kunskapen om kommunal krisledning genom att också inkludera materialitetens medverkan i krisledningen och vilka förutsättningarna är för att de ska brukas. Med perspektivet av hur analoga och digitala resurser används under krisledning och vilka förutsättningar som finns för att detta ska göras skapas insikter att ta i beaktande när övningar och IT-stöd för övningar.  Studier har genomförts med en kvalitativ ansats med litteraturstudier, intervjuer och observationer som datainsamlingsmetoder. Det empiriska materialet har därefter betraktats med meningsgivande (sensemaking) och affordans (affordance) som teoretiska perspektiv för att förstå materialitetens roll och förutsättning i kommunal krisledning. Avhandlingen visar att de förmågor som är återkommande under övningar är samverkan, kommunikation, informationsdelning och skapande av lägesbild. Ofta övas inte aktiviteterna i sin helhet då tekniska och analoga resurser inte innefattas i övningarna. Aktörerna övar därmed delar av görandet, att tänka kring exempelvis att skapa en lägesbild, och inte görandet som helhet som involverar materialitet.  Aktörernas egna reflektioner från utvärderingarna är att de själva önskar mer övning med de tekniska resurser som de har till sitt förfogande. Artikel II visar att materialiteten tar en stor plats i det arbete som sker i krisledningsrummet. Materialiteten kan ses anta roller som strukturgivande, meningsgivande, tidsöverbryggande och distansöverbryggande. Den tredje ingående artikeln visar att förutsättningar för att kunna bedriva krisledning är att kunna hantera materialitetens roller och att det krävs flexibilitet då krisledningsgruppens sammansättning är beroende av krisens art och omfattning. Ytterligare en förutsättning är trygghet i den egna organisationen, att känna sin egen roll i krisledningsgruppen och att kunna hantera de analoga och digitala resurser som finns tillgängliga är även det en förutsättning för arbetet. Avslutningsvis visar arbetet också att tid är viktig. Tid att kunna öva de personer som ska ingå i krisledningsgruppen för att därmed kunna skapa den trygghet som behövs.

Vid tidpunkten för försvar av avhandlingen var delarbete 2 opublicerat men accepterat.

At the time of the defence the following paper was accepted, but unpublished: paper 2.

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Andersen, Sofus, and Fredrik Karlsson. ""Vi leker vithaj!" : En fallstudie om vad barn leker i sin skolgårdsmiljö." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-191441.

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Syftet med studien är att undersöka barns berättelser sina lekar och sin utemiljö. I denna studie genomförs en fallstudie bestående av samtalspromenader med barn i årskurs två på en skola. Analysen av vår empiri utgick från tematisk analys, för att lyfta fram en överskådlig bild av barnens berättelser. Det teoretiska ramverk vi använde var en kombination av Bob Hughes lektyptaxonomi och James J. Gibsons begrepp affordans, samt begreppet förmåga. Resultaten presenteras med två teman som framkom i analysen, och visar att barnens lekar i de olika miljöerna på skolgården varierar beroende på vad för typ av miljö det är. Det framkommer att barnen använder sig av flera lektyper inom ramen för samma lek, men också att de olika miljöerna erbjuder möjligheter till olika lektyper. Studiens slutsatser är att barns röster om sina egna platser är en rik kunskapskälla, samt att komplexa och utmanande miljöer attraherar barnens lek och att dessa miljöer erbjuder en rik variation av handlingar. Sådana miljöer kan å ena sidan vara av naturligt slag, å andra sidan vara designade av människor.
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Alm, Ia, and Nicole Lundström. "Hur platt kan det vara? : En studie om seniorers förståelse av skeumorfism och platt design inom e-hälsa." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-18229.

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Digitaliseringens framfart skapar problem för seniorer som har svårt att hänga med i den moderna teknikens utveckling. Samtidigt har Sveriges regering satt som mål att år 2025 ha digitaliserat hälsovården. I samband med trenden att använda sig av platt design i digitala plattformar försvåras seniorers situation ytterligare och kan ha en negativ effekt i hänseende att utöka den digitala klyftan. Tidigare forskning visar att den platta designens formspråk är svårare att förstå än den traditionella, skeumorfa design som tidigare använts, då platt design saknar affordanser. Detta examensarbete har haft för avsikt att undersöka huruvida platt design är svårare för seniorer att förstå jämfört med traditionell, skeumorf design, samt se hur designprincipen affordans skulle kunna avhjälpa problemet med förståelsen av platt design. Examensarbetet har vägletts av frågeställningen: Hur påverkas seniorers förståelse av platt design i jämförelse med traditionell design i kontexten av webbplatser och vilken betydelse har affordans för att stödja deras förståelse? För att besvara frågeställningen har en kvantitativ enkätundersökning samt en kvalitativ observationsstudie utförts i syfte att utreda frågeställningens variabler utifrån tidigare teorier. Resultatet visar att affordans inte tycks ha någon betydelse för hur seniorer förstår ett designgränssnitt. Däremot syns indikationer för att designprinciper som visuella ledtrådar, eller signifiers, är av stor vikt att ta hänsyn till vid framtagande av design för en senior målgrupp.
The vast progress of digitization creates problems for the seniors who find it hard to keep up with modern technology development. At the same time, the Swedish government has set itself the goal of digitizing health care by 2025. In connection with the trend of using flat design in digital platforms, the situation of seniors is further complicated and may have a negative effect in expanding the digital divide. Previous research shows that the style of the flat design is more difficult to understand than the traditional, skeuomorphic design previously used, as flat design lacks affordances. The aim of this thesis has been to investigate whether flat design is more difficult for seniors to understand than traditional skeuomorphic design, as well as how the design principle affordance could solve the problem of understanding flat design. The thesis has been guided by the question: How are seniors' understanding of flat design compared to traditional design in the context of websites and what significance does affordance have to support their understanding? To answer the question, a quantitative questionnaire survey and a qualitative observation study have been conducted to investigate the variables of the question based on previous theories. The result shows that affordance does not seem to affect how seniors understand a design interface. On the other hand, indications suggest that design principles such as visual clues, or signifiers, are important to consider when designing for a senior audience design.
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Olsson, Malin. "Att skriva sig till läsning med hjälp av appar : En kvalitativ studie av appar som används inom metoden ASL." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32536.

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Ruppel, Erin Katrina. "The Affordance Utilization Model: The Role of Affordances as Relationships Develop." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202515.

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This dissertation advances the affordance utilization model (AUM), which addresses the use of communication modes affordances in personal relationships. Drawing from social penetration theory and research regarding two communication mode affordances--asynchronicity and reduced cues--the AUM predicts that these affordances are positively associated with certain conversational outcomes (specifically, conversational effectiveness and appropriateness, and self-disclosure breadth and depth) but that these associations vary as a function of relationship development. As relationships become more developed, the AUM predicts that communication mode affordances exert less impact on conversational effectiveness, conversational appropriateness, and self-disclosure in conversations in relationships. As a result, the associations between communication mode affordance use and these conversational outcomes are attenuated by relationship development. Regarding self-disclosure depth, the AUM predicts that the association between communication mode affordance use and self-disclosure depth is greatest at moderate levels of relationship development. The AUM also predicts that both use and perceived importance of affordances as a proportion of communication in relationships will decrease as those relationships become more developed. Two studies were conducted to test the AUM. The first surveyed participants regarding their most recent conversation in either a friendship (N = 147) or romantic relationships (N = 166). The second study was a diary study in which participants (N = 64) filled out a short survey after every conversation with their partner for four days. The results of the two studies provide mixed support for the AUM. Although importance of affordances was not associated with relationship development, use of affordances was generally negatively associated with relationship development, as predicted. In general, conversational appropriateness was positively associated with the use of communication mode affordances, and conversational effectiveness, self-disclosure breadth, and self-disclosure depth were negatively associated with affordances. In Study 1, increased relationship development attenuated the association between perceived asynchronicity and both conversational appropriateness and self-disclosure breadth in romantic relationships. In Study 2, increased relationship development attenuated the association between perceived reduced cues and conversational effectiveness. These findings and their implications for the AUM are discussed, and future research directions for the AUM are suggested.
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Books on the topic "Affordans"

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Gansler, Jacques S. Affording defense. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1989.

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Smithers, Alan G. Affording teachers. Manchester: Centre for Education and Employment Research, School of Education, University of Manchester, 1995.

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Heras-Escribano, Manuel. The Philosophy of Affordances. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98830-6.

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Richardson, Keith Grant. Child development: Interactions affording information. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1996.

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Rome, Erich, Joachim Hertzberg, and Georg Dorffner, eds. Towards Affordance-Based Robot Control. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77915-5.

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Pepping, Gert-Jan. Overhead reaching: Affordances, perception and dynamics. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2000.

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Multiple affordances of language corpora for data-driven learning. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015.

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National Economic and Social Forum. Social and affordabe housing and accommodation: Building the future. Dublin: National Economic and Social Forum, 2000.

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Smale, Maura A., and Mariana Regalado. Digital Technology as Affordance and Barrier in Higher Education. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48908-7.

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Leńko-Szymańska, Agnieszka, and Alex Boulton, eds. Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.

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Book chapters on the topic "Affordans"

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Zillien, Nicole. "Affordanz." In Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, 226–28. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05604-7_31.

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Sharma, Divya, Biswatosh Saha, and Uttam K. Sarkar. "Affordance Lost, Affordance Regained, and Affordance Surrendered." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 73–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49733-4_5.

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Tversky, Barbara. "Affording Design, Affording Redesign." In Principia Designae － Pre-Design, Design, and Post-Design, 91–102. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54403-6_7.

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Glăveanu, Vlad Petre. "Affordance." In Creativity — A New Vocabulary, 10–17. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137511805_2.

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Shekhar, Shashi, and Hui Xiong. "Affordance." In Encyclopedia of GIS, 11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_38.

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Heft, Harry. "Affordances." In Encyclopedia of Sciences and Religions, 32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8265-8_200314.

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Conole, Gráinne. "Affordances." In Designing for Learning in an Open World, 85–100. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8517-0_6.

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Nye, Benjamin D., and Barry G. Silverman. "Affordance." In Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 179–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_369.

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Glăveanu, Vlad P. "Affordance." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of the Possible, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98390-5_10-1.

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Glăveanu, Vlad P. "Affordance." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of the Possible, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98390-5_10-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Affordans"

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Kim, Yong Se, Jin Woo Shin, Sun Ran Kim, Ji Hye Noh, and Na Ree Kim. "A Framework of Design for Affordances Using Affordance Feature Repositories." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71017.

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People interact with artifacts, either products or services, in their lives. These interactions are based on two-way communication between people and artifacts. The characteristics of artifacts that induce natural activities of people, affordances, play critical roles in making interactions successful and meaningful. The notion of affordance features, structural elements of artifacts that provide affordances, has been proposed earlier. In this paper, a methodological framework for design for affordances is proposed where repository of affordance features are used. First affordances are identified through function-task interaction matrices or use activity observations. Using affordance feature repository where many alternative structural elements for a specific affordance are stored together with corresponding design constraints and contexts, affordance features for those identified affordances are retrieved considering similarities between the target design constrains and context and those of the affordance features in the repository. Using the clues given by such affordance features, the new affordance feature is to be designed through an analogical reasoning. We present this design for affordance framework as well as an illustrative case where various designers designed affordance features of a tumbler coffee cup using an affordance feature repository.
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Srivastava, Jayesh, and L. H. Shu. "Affordances and Environmentally Significant Behavior." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71253.

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In this paper, we apply design-by-affordance methodology to the problem of environmentally significant behavior. Affordances, as originally formulated, represent opportunities for action offered by a product. Subsequent work explored the use of affordances, defined as context-dependent relations between artifacts and users, in lieu of functions as a basis for design. While others have also developed detailed deductive methods of discovering affordances in products, we present affordance listing as an expedient technique for inductively discovering relevant affordances. We also present affordance transfer, a method for redesigning products to encourage environmentally significant behavior. We conclude by discussing insights gained from applying our two approaches.
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Maier, Jonathan R. A., and Georges M. Fadel. "Affordance-Based Methods for Design." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dtm-48673.

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In previous work, the authors have suggested that the concept of affordance, a term borrowed from the field of perceptual psychology, should be considered as more fundamental to design than other concepts such as function and behavior. This paper continues this avenue of research by presenting a generalized theory of affordances applicable to design. Then several affordance-based methods for design are presented with brief examples. Methods are introduced for designing Artifact-User Affordances, Artifact-Artifact Affordances, various kinds of graphical affordance structures, embodiment design, and reverse engineering. The affordance-based methods presented offer a very different way of thinking from what would be used in a purely functional approach. In particular, the affordance-based methods emphasize satisfaction of user demands and wishes (what the artifact should afford) while safeguarding at each step against introducing unwanted or dangerous features (what the artifact should not afford). The affordance-based methods also lend themselves to taking advantage of the multiple afffordances of various objects, to achieve naturally what is sometimes termed “functional integration”.
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Hu, Jun, and George M. Fadel. "Categorizing Affordances for Product Design." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70933.

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To compensate for the inability of the functional descriptions to describe for instance interactions between users and artifacts, the term affordance has been introduced in design methodology by Maier and Fadel. However, some significant details of affordance such as representation, categorization, and application to mechanical design still need to be further studied. Therefore, this paper reviews and compares the use of the term affordance in the fields of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Artificial Intelligence (AI), design, psychology, and philosophy. Based on that review, a new categorization scheme of affordances applicable for product design is proposed. The categories including doing and happening Artifact-Artifact Affordances (dAAA and hAAA), doing and happening Artifact-Environment Affordances (dAEA and hAEA), and doing and happening Artifact-User Affordances (dAUA and hAUA) are identified and an initial statistical evaluation is performed to support this proposal. The detailed description of these affordances provides better coverage, more orthogonality, more depth, and could be more usable, eventually meeting the requirements of a taxonomy.
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Maier, Jonathan R. A., Thulasiram Ezhilan, and Georges M. Fadel. "The Affordance Structure Matrix: A Concept Exploration and Attention Directing Tool for Affordance Based Design." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34526.

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The theory of affordances has been adapted by the authors into a high-level approach to design known as affordance based design. One of the features that distinguishes the affordance based approach from function based approaches is that affordances are form dependent whereas functions are form independent. While delaying consideration of form can help maintain design freedom, considering the structure of multiple concept solutions early in the design process can preserve design freedom while allowing the designer to manipulate and refine concept structures and make prototypes early in the design process. In this paper we present a tool, the affordance-structure matrix, that aids the designer in mapping artifact structures to positive and negative affordances for the project. The affordance structure matrix can be used as an attention directing tool, focusing on the correlations within an individual concept architecture, or as a concept exploration tool, comparing the affordance-structure linkages across multiple concepts. The use of the affordance structure matrix is demonstrated using a case study examining two concept architectures for a household vacuum cleaner. The features of the affordance structure matrix are also contrasted with other existing matrix based tools for engineering design.
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Ugur, Emre, Sandor Szedmak, and Justus Piater. "Complex affordance learning based on basic affordances." In 2014 22nd Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2014.6830325.

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Nguyen, Manh Tien, Georges M. Fadel, Paolo Guarneri, and Ivan Mata. "Genetic Algorithms Applied to Affordance Based Design." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70332.

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Affordance based design (ABD) theory has been presented in several papers and has interested several researchers in the field of design. One criticism of ABD is that the number of affordances identified can be very large, and therefore, the approach may not be amenable for automation. This paper presents a computer based implementation of a process to improve design using affordances. The Affordance Structure Matrix (ASM) design tool is used to identify relevant relationships between the design parameters of an artifact and the affordances (positive and negative) identified by the user. This initial work investigates multiple existing solutions. A user assigns values to critical affordances that are listed in an ASM by visualizing the possible solutions. The parameter values that describe the architecture of the artifact are encoded and fed to a computer code in addition to the multiple affordance values. A Genetic Algorithm is then used to find an optimal combination of design parameters based on the multiple criteria, the affordances, generating new and better concepts. The approach is applied to the redesign of a steering wheel. Multiple variants of steering wheels available in the literature are presented to the user. After twenty generations of the genetic algorithm, using an additive weighting method, an optimal solution is found and presented.
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Burlamaqui, Leonardo, and Andy Dong. "Eye Gaze Experiment Into the Recognition of Intended Affordances." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67207.

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An eye-tracking experiment aimed at testing the claim that individuals understand how to use artifacts through the visual perception of their intended affordances was conducted. Sixty-one participants were asked to state the manner in which they would interact with an artifact after looking at their screen-based images for ten seconds with their gaze captured. The participants’ responses to perceived affordance were compared to their gaze data. Although individuals identified plausible affordances, a binary logistic regression analysis was inconclusive as to which eye-tracking variable is likely to entail a successful identification of the intended affordance. That said, there was a strong relationship between perception of the intended affordance and mention of either the artifact’s function or semantic category. The results suggest that affordances may not have a significant impact in the usability of products and interfaces. Extrapolating from the findings, we postulate that analogical priming may be a better explanation for the way individuals understand what to do with the artifact.
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Ardón, Paola, Èric Pairet, Katrin S. Lohan, Subramanian Ramamoorthy, and Ron P. A. Petrick. "Building Affordance Relations for Robotic Agents - A Review." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/590.

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Affordances describe the possibilities for an agent to perform actions with an object. While the significance of the affordance concept has been previously studied from varied perspectives, such as psychology and cognitive science, these approaches are not always sufficient to enable direct transfer, in the sense of implementations, to artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems and robotics. However, many efforts have been made to pragmatically employ the concept of affordances, as it represents great potential for AI agents to effectively bridge perception to action. In this survey, we review and find common ground amongst different strategies that use the concept of affordances within robotic tasks, and build on these methods to provide guidance for including affordances as a mechanism to improve autonomy. To this end, we outline common design choices for building representations of affordance relations, and their implications on the generalisation capabilities of an agent when facing previously unseen scenarios. Finally, we identify and discuss a range of interesting research directions involving affordances that have the potential to improve the capabilities of an AI agent.
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Kim, Yong Se, and Yeon Koo Hong. "Interaction Model for Products and Services Using Affordance." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71110.

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A human activity interacting with products or with services involves the steps of perception, judgment and action. Affordances provided by products or services induce human activities. A model of interaction with products and services will be presented with examples of affordances and affordance features for products and services.
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Reports on the topic "Affordans"

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Steves, Michelle, Brian Stanton, Mary Theofanos, Dana Chisnell, and Hannah Wald. Fingerprint Scanner Affordances. National Institute of Standards and Technology, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7944.

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St. Amant, Robert. Planning and User Interface Affordances. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada461526.

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Rethwish, Caitlin. Affordances on Facebook, Stress, and Emotional Support. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6618.

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Fallon, Maurice, Scott Kuindersma, Sisir Karumanchi, Matthew Antone, Toby Schneider, Hongkai Dai, Claudia P. D'Arpino, Robin Deits, Matt DiCicco, and Dehann Fourie. An Architecture for Online Affordance-based Perception and Whole-body Planning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada602904.

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Stracuzzi, Nena, and Sally Ward. What's for dinner? Finding and affording healthy foods in New Hampshire communities. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2020.100.

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Ward, Sally. Finding and affording healthy food in rural America: study results from New Hampshire. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2020.116.

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Ploos van Amstel, Dirk, Kuijer Lenneke, and Remko van der Lugt. Psychological Ownership Affordances as Routes to Influence Product Lifetime: Integrating top-down & bottom-up insights. University of Limerick, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31880/10344/10243.

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Iyer, Ananth V., Steven R. Dunlop, Anmol Guram Singh, Mihir Bhatia, and Sazzadur Rahman. Developing a Business Ecosystem around Autonomous Vehicle Infrastructure in Indiana. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317088.

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INDOT will soon be embarking on infrastructure planning to accommodate autonomous vehicles. This new technology affords the ability to impact economic value creation across the supply chain in Indiana, as well as foster economic development in Indiana to support these emerging technologies. This proposal will be a first cut towards exploring the development of a strategy to realize this potential. Our proposal will consist of two phases. Phase 1: A focus on industry choices and plans that can inform INDOT choices. Phase 2: A focus on INDOT’s internal decision making, risk tolerance, and choices regarding infrastructure projects.
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