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Journal articles on the topic 'Afghanistan, development aid'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 April 2022

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1

Samad Barialai, Abdul, Mohammad Edris Zaid, and Mergen Dyussenov. "EVALUATING THE ROLE OF NORWEGIAN AID IN AFGHAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: SWOT ANALYSIS AND THE ROLE OF ACTORS." Brazilian Journal of Policy and Development 2, no. 2 (2020): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52367/brjpd.2675-102x.2020.2.2.139-160.

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Afghanistan's current reliance and dependency on foreign aid is not only due to the past three to four decades of war and civil dissension but came about even before the era of conflict. Since the fall of the Taliban regime in December 2001, Afghanistan has become an engaging country in the eyes of the international community and since then has become one of the largest recipients of foreign aid. The international community has pledged a huge amount of assistance for the reconstruction and development of Afghanistan. The main aim of this research paper is to attempt evaluating policy developme
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Jabarkhail, Sami, and Larry M. Dooley. "Human Resource Development: Why It Matters in the National Context of Afghanistan." South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management 6, no. 2 (2019): 292–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2322093719886390.

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Afghanistan’s recent history has been shaped largely by conflict. As a developing country transitioning away from its heavy reliance on foreign aid, Afghanistan is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities in building its untapped treasure, namely human resources. Afghanistan recognizes the need for countrywide human resource development (HRD) efforts since its first national development strategy was devised in 2005. In this article, we explore the status of HRD in the national context of Afghanistan by providing insight into HRD history, identifying challenges and discussing opportuni
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Bennett, Jon. "Afghanistan: Aid, Armies and Empires." Development in Practice 20, no. 3 (2010): 458–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09614521003710146.

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Kazakov, Lev. "PERSPECTIVES OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES DEVELOPMENT IN AFGHANISTAN." Eastern Analytics, no. 2 (2020): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2227-5568-2020-02-047-059.

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Small and medium enterprises in Afghanistan may become the main source of the country’s economic development. Afghanistan’s current political and economic background is what contributes a lot to such a change: with international aid at a sharp decline and security problem being likely to worsen due to the anticipated withdrawal of the major part of international forces from Afghanistan, the government faces a problem of finding alternative sources of economic development within the country with the aim of achieving further self-sufficiency. Besides, support for SMEs is by far the most practica
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Bizhan, Nematullah. "State-Building in Afghanistan." Asian Survey 58, no. 6 (2018): 973–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2018.58.6.973.

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This article examines post-2001 state-building in Afghanistan. In so doing, it explores how interactions among aid, politics, and state capacity shaped the characteristics of the state by looking at the existing conditions, sources of state income, the development planning process, aid coordination and alignment, and interventions in building state capacity.
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Modrzejewska-Leśniewska, Joanna. "Strategia Unii Europejskiej wobec Afganistanu. Efektywność i i perspektywy." Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, no. 4 (November 28, 2015): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2015.4.2.

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The European Union became involved in Afghanistan shortly after the US invaded the country in order to remove the Taliban government and destroy the Al-Qaeda training camps. The European aid concentrated primarily on reconstruction, agricultural development and providing basic medical care to all people of Afghanistan. EU specifically concentrated on providing internal security trough the European Union Police Mission in Afghanistan (EUPOL Afghanistan), however, multiple factors and circumstances prevented achievement of all goals. The decision to withdrawn international armed forced in 2014 a
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Bizhan, Nematullah. "Aid and state-building, Part II: Afghanistan and Iraq." Third World Quarterly 39, no. 5 (2018): 1014–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2018.1447369.

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Zhang, Yanzhe, Xiao Yu, and Huizhi Zhang. "Addressing the Insufficiencies of the Traditional Development Aid Model by Utilizing the One Belt, One Road Initiative to Sustain Development in Afghanistan." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (2019): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020312.

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This paper investigated the use of the One Belt One Road initiative (BRI) as a policy model that might address the insufficiencies of the traditional development aid model in reconstructing and developing Afghanistan. Afghanistan has emerged as one of the world’s most fragile and conflict-affected countries, and it has gained the attention of both academic and political communities since the early 2000s. The materials for this article are based partly on a thorough analysis of the available documentation. The authors also conducted interviews with high-ranking political elites and policy offic
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MENTEŞ, Osman, and Mustafa TALAS. "THE INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN AID DELIVERED FOR AFGHANISTAN ON PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION AFTER 2001." Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken / Journal of World of Turks 13, no. 1 (2021): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/zfwt/130104.

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This study aims to scrutinize historical development, current situation, and main problems of the Afghanistan Education System and the political, social, and economic dimensions of international aid to the country that are made to solve these problems. Following a brief analysis of the historical progress of the Afghanistan education system; the current state of the system and primary, secondary, and community based educational activities in the country in the period ensuing the 2001 US intervention and lasting until 2020 and the place of the foreign aid in the education system and its effects
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Shannon, Róisín. "Playing with principles in an era of securitized aid." Progress in Development Studies 9, no. 1 (2009): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499340800900103.

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The international community's response to reconstructing Afghanistan, following the US-led regime change invasion post-11 September 2001 (9/11), brought actors such as the military and private corporations more fully into the humanitarian sphere. As a result, the Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), traditionally charged with taking humanitarian action, face a number of challenges and dilemmas. Their legitimacy and their ability to act impartially, be perceived as neutral and to maintain their independence have become increasingly constrained. How the NGOs adapt when their humanitarian space
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11

Willner-Reid, Matthew. "Competition in the Aid Marketplace in Afghanistan." Asian Survey 58, no. 6 (2018): 1016–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2018.58.6.1016.

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This paper explores the dynamics of competition inherent in the “aid marketplace” in Afghanistan and proposes a holistic theoretical framework for understanding the actions of aid actors based on a taxonomy of mercenary (rational), missionary (altruistic), and misfit (bureaucratic) pressures, which both aggravate and lessen competition between actors.
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Bojicic-Dzelilovic, Vesna, Denisa Kostovicova, Mariana Escobar, and Jelena Bjelica. "Organised crime and international aid subversion: evidence from Colombia and Afghanistan." Third World Quarterly 36, no. 10 (2015): 1887–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2015.1070664.

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13

Horváthné Angyal, Boglárka. "Development aid as a global public good – a case study." Competitio 12, no. 1 (2013): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21845/comp/2013/1/5.

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This study introduces a new concept to the analysis of development aid. Aid is regarded as a global public good where donors benefit from the advantages of aid without rivalry and exludability. The public-goodnature of aid is a logical explanation for the deficiencies of the international aid regime, especially the suboptimal supply of aid and the free-riding of donors. The concept of aid as a public good raises the question whether there are any actors who could produce this global public good. The study analyses whether nongovernmental organizations are able to fill this gap in the internati
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14

Kadirova, Diloro. "IMPLEMENTATION OF POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT AID INITIATIVES: EVIDENCE FROM AFGHANISTAN." Journal of International Development 26, no. 6 (2014): 887–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.2998.

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15

DENİZ, Müjgan, and Zubeyr Ghulam HAIDAR. "THE EFFECTS OF FOREIGN AID ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN AFGHANISTAN (2001-2015)." Journal of Research in Economics 3, no. 2 (2019): 110–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35333/jore.2019.51.

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BEATH, ANDREW, FOTINI CHRISTIA, and RUBEN ENIKOLOPOV. "Empowering Women through Development Aid: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Afghanistan." American Political Science Review 107, no. 3 (2013): 540–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055413000270.

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In societies with widespread gender discrimination, development programs with gender quotas are considered a way to improve women's economic, political, and social status. Using a randomized field experiment across 500 Afghan villages, we examine the effects of a development program that mandates female participation. We find that even in a highly conservative context like Afghanistan, such initiatives improve outcomes specific to female participation in some economic, social, and political activities, including increased mobility and income generation. They, however, produce no change in more
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Ibrahimi, Mohammad Ishaq. "Evolution of the Soviet Socio-Economic Assistance Program for Afghanistan in the Mid-1950s – Late 1980s." Prepodavatel XXI vek, no. 2, 2020 (2020): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2073-9613-2020-2-304-312.

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The article attempts to analyze the main aspects of changing approaches to the Soviet Union’s socio-economic assistance to Afghanistan as part of the modernization of the country’s economy in the 50–80s of the XX century. The article focuses on the study of key areas of Soviet-Afghan cooperation in the development of sectors of the Afghan national economy. Special attention is paid to the characteristic values of Soviet aid in the industrialization of Afghanistan and the creation of modern industrial production, development of agricultural technologies and improving living standards of the pop
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18

De Juan, Alexander, Kristóf Gosztonyi, and Jan Koehler. "Conditional effects of development aid on political perceptions: mixed-methods evidence from North-East Afghanistan." European Journal of International Relations 26, no. 3 (2019): 793–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066119883686.

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Can aid create political trust in conflict-affected states? International aid organizations often argue that supporting states in providing basic services can contribute to strengthening state–society relations. Previous studies in international development have indicated that the provision of basic services can indeed improve people’s attitudes towards state institutions. We take this research a step further: in addition to analysing the impact of aid on political trust, we assess how violence influences this effect. We argue that aid can create opportunities for constructive state–society in
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19

Maley, William. "Institutional Design, Neopatrimonialism, and the Politics of Aid in Afghanistan." Asian Survey 58, no. 6 (2018): 995–1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2018.58.6.995.

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State disruption confronted Afghanistan’s rulers and their international supporters with a challenging legacy after 2001. The emergence of a neopatrimonial political order, with formal bureaucratic and administrative structures entwined with informal networks and patronage, has significantly affected attempts at aid delivery. Such dangers need to be recognized and addressed at the outset in internationally supported transitions
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20

Fluri, Jennifer. "Armored peacocks and proxy bodies: gender geopolitics in aid/development spaces of Afghanistan." Gender, Place & Culture 18, no. 4 (2011): 519–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369x.2011.583343.

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21

Chabot, Philippe, and Paul A. Dorosh. "Wheat markets, food aid and food security in Afghanistan." Food Policy 32, no. 3 (2007): 334–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2006.07.002.

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22

Raheen, Aklil. "Chabahar and Its Impacts on Regional Convergence." Addaiyan Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (2019): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36099/ajahss.1.7.6.

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Unfortunately, during the last half century our country has been confronted with political and security problems and has caused Afghanistan to lack a good standing in the region. Insecurity, political problems, and existence of terrorist groups present a black image of Afghanistan to the international community, but with the overthrow of the Taliban regime and the influx of billions of dollars in aid from the international community to Afghanistan; and the formation of interim and transitional governments, Hamid Karzai's presidency, and especially the period of National Unity Government (NUG),
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23

Aslam, Aqib, Enrico Berkes, Martin Fukac, Jeta Menkulasi, and Axel Schimmelpfennig. "Afghanistan: Balancing Social and Security Spending in the Context of a Shrinking Resource Envelope." Asian Development Review 31, no. 2 (2014): 165–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/adev_a_00033.

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For Afghanistan, the dual prospect of declining donor support and high ongoing security spending over the medium term keeps its government budget tight. This paper uses a general equilibrium model to capture the security–development trade-off facing the government in its effort to rehabilitate growth and fiscal sustainability. In particular, it considers strategic policy options for counteracting and minimizing the negative macroeconomic impact of possible aid and revenue shortfalls. We find that the mobilization of domestic revenues through changes in tax policy is the preferred policy respon
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24

Hosseini, Seyed Ali. "Complexity Faced by Legal Clinics in Afghanistan: Addressing the Challenges." Asian Journal of Legal Education 7, no. 2 (2020): 164–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2322005820919256.

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This article studies the burgeoning legal clinics in Afghanistan and describes the complexity that influences their effectiveness and accessibility. This complexity arises from conflicts among statutory law, Sharia and customary laws, exacerbated by the dual legal education in law and Sharia faculties in the highly challenging environment of the country. The main objective of this qualitative research is to illustrate these challenges faced by pro bono legal aid and legal clinics, and its main claim is that unsettled conflicts between statutory law, Sharia and customs and between legal educati
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Howell, Jude, and Jeremy Lind. "Manufacturing Civil Society and the Limits of Legitimacy: Aid, Security and Civil Society after 9/11 in Afghanistan." European Journal of Development Research 21, no. 5 (2009): 718–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ejdr.2009.40.

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26

Attewell, Wesley. "“From factory to field”: USAID and the logistics of foreign aid in Soviet-occupied Afghanistan." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 36, no. 4 (2017): 719–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775817711182.

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Emerging critical scholarship on logistics has shown how the field is implicated in a broader necropolitics of violence, disposability, and exploitation. While much has been made of logistics’ historical linkages to military and market forces, this paper, in contrast, explores how logisticians have played an increasingly central role in development and humanitarian missions to theatres of conflict and emergency. It focuses on the effort of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to supply mujahideen forces in Soviet-occupied Afghanistan with the non-lethal materiel neces
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Cheung, Edith, Roya Mutahar, Fitsum Assefa, et al. "An Epidemic of Scurvy in Afghanistan: Assessment and Response." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 24, no. 3 (2003): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650302400303.

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In March 2002, there were reports of a hemorrhagic fever outbreak in western Afghanistan. It was later confirmed that the hemorrhagic symptoms and increased mortality were actually due to scurvy. Most aid workers did not include scurvy in the initial differential diagnosis because it is uncommon throughout the world and has mainly been reported in refugee populations in recent times. A rapid assessment confirmed the cases clinically, estimated a prevalence rate of 6.3% (a severe public health problem), and determined that the attack rates peaked each year in January and February (the end of th
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Gao, Chen, Chengcheng J. Fei, Bruce A. McCarl, and David J. Leatham. "Identifying Vulnerable Households Using Machine Learning." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (2020): 6002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156002.

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Many Afghanistan households face food insecurity (FI), and this threatens sustainable development. Policymakers and international donors are trying to alleviate FI using food aid, development assistance, and outreach. This study identified household characteristics that discriminate between food-insecure and food-secure households, facilitating accurate assistance targeting in Afghanistan. We used machine learning classification models (classification decision tree and random forest model) and applied to a household survey. This was done using equal priors and 1.5:1 misclassification penalties
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Connor, R. A. "Does UK Development Aid in Afghanistan Contribute to Stability in a Positive Way or Does it Facilitate Corruption?" Defence Studies 12, no. 2 (2012): 179–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14702436.2012.699722.

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Jawadi, Hussain Ali, Hasan Ali Malistani, Mohammad Anvar Moheghy, and Jay Sagin. "Essential Trace Elements and Arsenic in Thermal Springs, Afghanistan." Water 13, no. 2 (2021): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020134.

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Thermal springs are natural hydrogeological features which are highly affected by local volcanism or tectonic activity. Thermal springs are the best source of hydrothermal energy to heat houses and aid in the recovery of skin diseases. However, they consist of some heavy and trace metals such as arsenic, lead, zinc, copper, iron, and so forth. Somehow, the thermal springs of central Bamyan have become contaminated with some essential trace elements. Thus, this study was conducted to assess and determine the number of these trace elements in the thermal springs. To achieve these objectives, a p
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Jawadi, Hussain Ali, Hasan Ali Malistani, Mohammad Anvar Moheghy, and Jay Sagin. "Essential Trace Elements and Arsenic in Thermal Springs, Afghanistan." Water 13, no. 2 (2021): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020134.

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Thermal springs are natural hydrogeological features which are highly affected by local volcanism or tectonic activity. Thermal springs are the best source of hydrothermal energy to heat houses and aid in the recovery of skin diseases. However, they consist of some heavy and trace metals such as arsenic, lead, zinc, copper, iron, and so forth. Somehow, the thermal springs of central Bamyan have become contaminated with some essential trace elements. Thus, this study was conducted to assess and determine the number of these trace elements in the thermal springs. To achieve these objectives, a p
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32

Daimon-Sato, Takeshi. "Sino-Japan Aid War and India’s Role: Possibilities for ‘Win-Win-Win’." China Report 57, no. 3 (2021): 289–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00094455211023907.

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For the past decade, China and Japan have been competing against each other over aid market with its implicit intention to pursue their economic interests, which turned into a rivalry between two diplomatic concepts: Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) versus Japanese Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP) Strategy. The severe competition over high-speed rail (HSR) by two countries, joined by French and German competitors, has been intensified for the benefit of China, taking all of its catchup benefits with its dubious sense of rule of law. This article asks if the two initiatives can coexist w
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Sharma, Jyoti, Homayoun Ludin, Monika Chauhan, and Sanjay Zodpey. "Public health nutrition in Afghanistan-policies, strategies and capacity-building: current scenario and initiatives." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 27, no. 7 (2021): 728–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/emhj.21.043.

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Background: Afghanistan is grappling with high burden of malnutrition in women and children and a rising burden of noncommunicable diseases. Aims: A narrative review was conducted with the aim of mapping current nutrition policies and capacity development initiatives to assess policy and the institutional environment and identify gaps and opportunities. Methods: A comprehensive, broad based search was conducted, including databases and websites and policy and programme documents. Results: The policy focuses on multisectoral efforts to address nutrition challenges; however; implementation of nu
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Rubenstein, Leonard S. "A way forward in protecting health services in conflict: moving beyond the humanitarian paradigm." International Review of the Red Cross 95, no. 890 (2013): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383113000684.

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Attacks on health workers, clinics, hospitals, ambulances and patients during periods of armed conflict or civil disturbance pose enormous challenges to humanitarian response and constitute affronts to the imperatives of human rights and civilian protection. Violence inflicted on humanitarian aid workers is gaining the global attention it warrants. While the number of attacks on aid workers has decreased in recent years, in a handful of places, notably Sudan, Afghanistan, and Somalia, they have become more spectacular and frightening, with aid agencies targeted for kidnapping and subjected to
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Hamidazada, Marina, Ana Maria Cruz, and Muneta Yokomatsu. "Vulnerability Factors of Afghan Rural Women to Disasters." International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 10, no. 4 (2019): 573–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13753-019-00227-z.

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Abstract Disaster management is a global challenge, but disasters do not affect men and women equally. In most of the world’s disasters, more females are impacted than males, and in Afghanistan the disparity between female and male victims is even greater. This study identifies and maps the relationships between the factors that make Afghan rural women more vulnerable to natural hazard-induced disasters. Data for this study were obtained through focus group discussions with rural women and men, as well as person-to-person interviews with employees of government and nongovernmental organization
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Hilhorst, Dorothea, Samantha Melis, Rodrigo Mena, and Roanne van Voorst. "Accountability in Humanitarian Action." Refugee Survey Quarterly 40, no. 4 (2021): 363–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rsq/hdab015.

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Abstract Although a growing number of NGOs are combining humanitarian and development activities, it was long the case that humanitarian action was isolated from discussions and practices in the world of development. The work of saving lives was deemed to be guided solely by the humanitarian principles, and discussions on accountability were rare. In the 1990s, humanitarian standards initiatives arose in recognition that humanitarian organisations were not accountable to affected populations. This article aims to take stock of accountability initiatives and practices in the sector. It builds o
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Hina, Hafsa, and Abdul Qayyum. "Re-estimation of Keynesian Model by Considering Critical Events and Multiple Cointegrating Vectors." Pakistan Development Review 54, no. 2 (2015): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v54i2pp.123-145.

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This study employs the Mundell (1963) and Fleming (1962) traditional flow model of exchange rate to examine the long run behaviour of rupee/US $ exchange rate for Pakistan economy over the period 1982:Q1 to 2010:Q2. This study investigates the effect of output levels, interest rates and prices and different shocks on exchange rate. Hylleberg, Engle, Granger, and Yoo (HEGY) (1990) unit root test confirms the presence of non-seasonal unit root and finds no evidence of biannual and annual frequency unit root in the level of series. Johansen and Juselious (1988, 1992) likelihood ratio test indicat
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Launay, Frédéric, Olivier Combreau, and Mohammed Al Bowardi. "Annual migration of Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii from the United Arab Emirates." Bird Conservation International 9, no. 2 (1999): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002276.

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SummaryThe Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii is a regular winter visitor from northern breeding grounds to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) but the migration routes and origin of these birds are still poorly known. Five bustards were fitted with platform transponder terminals in UAE in the winter of 1996-1997. The overall distances covered by the birds were very variable, ranging from 3,747 km to 11,938 km. The return migration date of Houbara from UAE ranged from 19 March to 2 April 1997, while the outward migration began from 10 September to 7 November 1997. The Houbara spent the
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39

Nawid, Senzil. "The State, the Clergy, and British Imperial Policy in Afghanistan during the 19th and Early 20th Centuries." International Journal of Middle East Studies 29, no. 4 (1997): 581–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800065211.

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The political and dynastic history of Afghanistan during the 19th and the early 20th centuries is well known. So is British imperial policy toward Afghanistan. However, very little attention has been paid to the role of the clergy, the guardians of the Islamic order and the representatives of the civil society in Afghanistan. They played a major role in domestic politics and in Afghanistan's challenges with foreign powers. This paper attempts to fill the gap in information about the ulama by detailing their role in defending Afghanistan's territorial integrity and by examining the conflict ove
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Lhost, Elizabeth. "Of Horizontal Exchanges and Inter-Islamic Inquiries." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 2 (2021): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9127180.

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Abstract In 1924, the government of Afghanistan wrote to the Jam‘iyat ‘Ulama-yi Hind looking for legal justifications to support Emir Aman Allah Khan's (r. 1919–29) proposed reforms—particularly those relating to female education. Known for securing Afghanistan's independence from the British, and now recognized as a pioneering modernizer and renegade constitutional monarch, Aman Allah introduced a series of reforms during his reign that Faiz Ahmed has recently characterized as “a burgeoning model of Islamic legal modernism.” Yet the story of Afghanistan's experiments with Islamic legal modern
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Sahrai, Mohammad Sediq, Inge Huybrechts, Carine Biessy, et al. "Determinants of Obesity and Metabolic Health in the Afghan Population: Protocol, Methodology, and Preliminary Results." Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 12, no. 1 (2022): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44197-021-00026-0.

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Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) cause more than 70% of deaths worldwide and share modifiable risk factors including obesity and metabolic abnormalities. Over the past 15 years, many changes in lifestyle, dietary patterns, physical activity, and socioeconomic status have been observed in the Afghan population. This study aims to investigate which specific lifestyle factors, dietary patterns, and characteristics of Westernization are associated with an increased risk of being overweight or obese and with poor metabolic health in the Afghan population. Methods A population-ba
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Maley, William. "Afghanistan in 2011." Asian Survey 52, no. 1 (2012): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2012.52.1.88.

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Abstract Afghanistan confronted further turbulence in 2011, involving the assassinations of prominent figures, tense regional relations, and uncertainty about where the draw down of foreign forces in Afghanistan might lead. Popular confidence in Afghanistan's future direction remains weak, and President Hamid Karzai has had little success in boosting his government's standing.
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Baig, Nida, Shahbaz Khan, Naeem Gul Gilal, and Abdul Qayyum. "Do Natural Disasters Cause Economic Growth? An ARDL Bound Testing Approach." Studies in Business and Economics 13, no. 1 (2018): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2018-0001.

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AbstractThis article strives to work out the causal relationship between natural disasters and economic growth in Pakistan. The study empirically tests the linkage using econometric techniques autoregressive distributed lag bound model by Pesaran (2001) and Granger causality test. We develop a proxy for the loss of natural disasters by a similar method as Noy (2009) and Bergholt et.al, (2012) did. The results of ARDL bounds testing approach evidence a negative long run relationship between the proxies of natural disasters and economic growth. The results of Granger Causality depict the uni-dir
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44

Jayawardena, Rohan. "At What Price? Managing the Costs of Tolerating Corrupt or Criminal Partners in Stability Interventions." Abuse: An International Impact Journal 2, no. 2 (2021): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2021.026.

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States or coalitions may conduct intervention operations to stabilise weak or failing states. Intervening powers often use military or police forces to impose security while development agencies rebuild the affected state’s institutions, including the Rule of Law. However, recent experience suggests that interventions may perpetuate criminal conduct. This paper examines the NATO missions in Afghanistan and other interventions to suggest links between partnering with corrupt or criminal actors and subsequent setbacks in stabilisation. It then proposes strategies by which future intervention for
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45

Dadabaev, Timur. "Afghanistan in 2018." Asian Survey 59, no. 1 (2019): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2019.59.1.114.

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Three aspects symbolize the state of affairs in and around Afghanistan in 2018: the fragmentation of domestic political actors, the increasing desecuritization of rhetoric with respect to Afghanistan by neighboring countries, and the diversification of Afghanistan’s global partners. While the US strategy showed signs of stalling amid increasing violence and the fragmentation of local actors, there are changes in the attitude of neighboring states.
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46

WANG, Jin. "China’s Policies and Challenges in the Taliban’s Afghanistan." East Asian Policy 14, no. 01 (2022): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930522000083.

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With the US withdrawal and the return to power of the Afghan Taliban, the situation in Afghanistan has transformed significantly. China closely monitors the development in Afghanistan and highlights to the Afghan Taliban its redline over terrorism and extremism. It also develops ties with the Afghan Taliban to assist the Afghan people and the country in setting up a positive international image. However, given the complexities of the situation in Afghanistan and China’s inadequate knowledge of and influence in Afghanistan’s domestic affairs, China has faced tremendous challenges.
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47

Bose, Neilesh. "The History of Afghanistan as Global History." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 2 (2021): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9127128.

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Abstract Faiz Ahmed's Afghanistan Rising enters several historical subfields through a textured study of Afghanistan's modern history. This introduction to the kitabkhana offers a snapshot of these contributions—and their limits—through the lens of recent developments in imperial history, legal history, and global history.
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48

Felbab-Brown, Vanda. "Afghanistan in 2013." Asian Survey 54, no. 1 (2014): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2014.54.1.165.

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Uncertainties about the 2014 security, political, and economic transitions pervaded Afghanistan in 2013. The failure in 2013 to sign a U.S.-Afghan security agreement permitting the presence of U.S. troops after 2014 deepens those anxieties. As ISAF forces continued to withdraw from Afghanistan, Afghan security forces now have primary responsibility for Afghanistan’s security but still face critical challenges and an undefeated Taliban. Peace negotiations have been stalled. Politics were dominated by the upcoming 2014 presidential election that can renew the legitimacy of the existing political
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49

Yahaya, Nurfadzilah. "Juridical Pan-Islam at the Height of Empire." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 2 (2021): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9127167.

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Abstract Located at the intersection of four regions, the Middle East, East Asia, Central Asia, and South Asia, Afghanistan is a country whose legal history is sure to be diverse and exciting at the confluence of multiple legal currents. In the book Afghanistan Rising: Islamic Law and Statecraft between the Ottoman and British Empires, Faiz Ahmed shows how Afghanistan could be regarded as a pivot for Islamic intellectual currents from the late nineteenth century onward, especially between the Ottoman Empire and South Asia. Afghanistan Rising makes us aware of our own assumptions of the study o
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Felbab-Brown, Vanda. "Afghanistan in 2012." Asian Survey 53, no. 1 (2013): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2013.53.1.22.

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As the 2014 transition of the U.S. out of Afghanistan approaches, progress has been made in weakening the Taliban insurgency and strengthening Afghan forces’ capacity. But the Taliban still remains entrenched, negotiations have not taken off, the Afghan government suffers from a profound legitimacy crisis, and Afghanistan’s economic future seems fraught with instability.
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