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Journal articles on the topic 'AFM'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Nuryana, Christiana Tri, Tiara Puspita Agustin, Sofia Mubarika Haryana, Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo та Nur Arfian. "Achatina fulica Mucus Ameliorates UVB-induced Human Dermal Fibroblast Photoaging via the TGF-β/Smad Pathway". Indonesian Biomedical Journal 15, № 6 (2023): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v15i6.2580.

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BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet B (UVB) induces skin photoaging by reducing collagen deposition via impairment of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Achatina fulica mucus (AFM) is a native medicine acting as vehicle of anti-aging ingredients. The present investigation examined the effect of AFM on UVB-induced fibroblast photoaging by assessing TGF-β, Smad3, and Smad7 mRNA expressions.METHODS: AFM was extracted from A. fulica using electrical shock and freeze-dried into a powder. Normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cultures were irradiated with/without 100 mJ/cm2 UVB and treated with/without 10% plate

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Peña, Brisa, Mostafa Adbel-Hafiz, Maria Cavasin, Luisa Mestroni, and Orfeo Sbaizero. "Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Applications in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (2022): 3700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073700.

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Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited heart muscle disorder characterized by progressive replacement of cardiomyocytes by fibrofatty tissue, ventricular dilatation, cardiac dysfunction, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Interest in molecular biomechanics for these disorders is constantly growing. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a well-established technic to study the mechanobiology of biological samples under physiological and pathological conditions at the cellular scale. However, a review which described all the different data that can be obtained using the AFM (cell elas

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Madeira, Mariana De Resende, Maximiliano De Souza Martins, Gustavo Pereira Martins, and Fernando Flecha Alkmim. "Caracterização faciológica e evolução sedimentar da Formação Moeda (Supergrupo Minas) na porção noroeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais." Geologia USP. Série Científica 19, no. 3 (2019): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9095.v19-148467.

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A Formação Moeda, ao longo da região noroeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, registra os primeiros estágios da Bacia Minas, desenvolvida no limite Neoarqueano/Paleoproterozoico no sul do Cráton do São Francisco (CSF). Este trabalho analisa essa unidade a partir de seis perfis estratigráficos de detalhe nos quais foram identificadas nove fácies sedimentares: quatro conglomeráticas (Gms, Gm, Gt e Gp), três essencialmente areníticas (St, Sp e Sh) e duas predominantemente pelíticas (Fl e Fsc). As seções estratigráficas foram correlacionadas, possibilitando o agrupamento das fácies em cinco associações

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4

Koklu, Mehti. "Performance Assessment of Fluidic Oscillators Tested on the NASA Hump Model." Fluids 6, no. 2 (2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6020074.

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Flow separation control over a wall-mounted hump model was studied experimentally to assess the performance of fluidic oscillators (sweeping jet actuators). An array of fluidic oscillators was used to control flow separation. The results showed that the fluidic oscillators were able to achieve substantial control over the separated flow by increasing the upstream suction pressure and downstream pressure recovery. Using the data available in the literature, the performance of the fluidic oscillators was compared to other active flow control (AFC) methods such as steady blowing, steady suction,

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5

Konada, Naresh Kumar, K. N. S. Suman, Roop Sandeep Bammidi, and B. B. Ashok Kumar. "Investigation on Mechanical, Thermal and Bonding Properties of MWCNTs Reinforced Aramid/Epoxy Composite." Nano Hybrids and Composites 30 (November 2020): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.30.27.

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The poor ability of bonding performance of aramid fiber with epoxy resin limits its usage for wide range of applications. In this research work, an attempt was made to improve the bonding performance of aramid fiber with polymer matrix by performing nitric acid treatment on fiber. The role of functionalized multi walled carbon nano tubes (F-MWCNTs) reinforced in the base polymer matrix is also studied. Six composite sheets (AF0, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, and AF5) with varying content of F-MWCNTs from (0.1wt% to 0.5wt %) are fabricated using hand layup method having dimensions of 25cm x 25 cm x 0.8 c

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6

KAWAI, Akira, and Daisuke INOUE. "EffectofThermalStressonPeelPropertyofLineResistPatternAnalyzedbyAtomicForceMicroscope(AFM." Journal of The Adhesion Society of Japan 39, no. 3 (2003): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11618/adhesion.39.107.

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7

Bowman, Dick. "AFM/PC." ACM SIGAPL APL Quote Quad 22, no. 4 (1992): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/140660.140679.

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8

Vinson, V. "AFM Uncompromised." Science 344, no. 6182 (2014): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.344.6182.341-c.

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9

Barrier, Gaëlle, and Edwige Biard. "AFM-Téléthon." médecine/sciences 31 (November 2015): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/201531s315.

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10

Burnham, Nancy A., and Uwe Hartmann. "Misinterpreting AFM." Science News 142, no. 14 (1992): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4017921.

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11

Higgins, Michael, Gordon G. Wallace, Amy Gelmi, and Scott T. McGovern. "Electrochemical AFM." Imaging & Microscopy 11, no. 2 (2009): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/imic.200990038.

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12

Amiewalan, F. O., and F. O. Balogun. "New Oligocene to Early Miocene Palynomorph Zonation of GZ-1 Well, Onshore Western Niger Delta, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, no. 4 (2021): 511–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i4.4.

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Palynological studies was carried out on GZ-1 well from the onshore western Niger Delta in order to recognized a new detected developments in the varieties of key pollen and spore taxa that have shorter and more distinguished interval zones to advance stratigraphical delineation. Palynological analysis was carried out using the conventional maceration technique for recovering acid insoluble organic-walled microfossils from sediments. The result yielded rich and diversified palynomorphs. The main assemblage were dominated by angiosperm pollen grain (dominant global flora from Late Cretaceous on

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13

Lacerda, D. L. P., F. Ptak, and R. Prioli. "Nanomechanical characterization of porous materials by atomic force microscopy." MRS Advances 3, no. 44 (2018): 2719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.475.

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AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation were used to characterize poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films with a wide distribution of pores. Pores with diameters ranging from tens of nanometers to few micrometers were measured by AFM and cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) mapping of the elastic modulus were correlated with the samples topography and pore distribution. The elastic moduli of the samples were additionally measured by nanoindentation.

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FELLOWES, R. A., A. G. MAULE, N. J. MARKS, T. G. GEARY, D. P. THOMPSON, and D. W. HALTON. "Nematode neuropeptide modulation of the vagina vera of Ascaris suum: in vitro effects of PF1, PF2, PF4, AF3 and AF4." Parasitology 120, no. 1 (2000): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099005260.

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Ascaris suum possesses a large number of FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) of which KNEFIRFamide (AF1), KHEYLRFamide (AF2) and KSAYMRFamide (AF8/PF3) have been shown to modulate the intrinsic, rhythmic activity of the vagina vera of A. suum in vitro. In the present study, the effects of the nematode FaRPs, SDPNFLRFamide (PF1), SADPNFLREamide (PF2) and KPNFIRFamide (PF4) (from Panagrellus redivivus) and AVPGVLRFamide (AF3) and GDVPGVLRFamide (AF4) (from A. suum) on the in vitro activity of the vagina vera were examined. The effects of each of the peptides were qualitatively and quantitatively

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15

Cruz Valeriano, Edgar, José Juan Gervacio Arciniega, Christian Iván Enriquez Flores, et al. "Stochastic excitation for high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging: a system theory approach." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (May 4, 2020): 703–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.58.

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In this work, a high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging technique is developed in order to obtain the local indentation modulus at the nanoscale level. The technique uses a model that gives a qualitative relationship between a set of contact resonance frequencies and the indentation modulus. It is based on white-noise excitation of the tip–sample interaction and uses system theory for the extraction of the resonance modes. During conventional scanning, for each pixel, the tip–sample interaction is excited with a white-noise signal. Then, a fast Fourier transform is applied to

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16

Ramchandran, Ramya, Swetha Ramesh, Anviksha A, RamLal Thakur, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, and Utpal Roy. "Improved Production of Two Anti-Candida Lipopeptide Homologues Co- Produced by the Wild-Type Bacillus subtilis RLID 12.1 under Optimized Conditions." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 21, no. 5 (2020): 438–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201020666191205115008.

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Background:: Antifungal cyclic lipopeptides, bioactive metabolites produced by many species of the genus Bacillus, are promising alternatives to synthetic fungicides and antibiotics for the biocontrol of human pathogenic fungi. In a previous study, the co- production of five antifungal lipopeptides homologues (designated as AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4 and AF5) by the producer strain Bacillus subtilis RLID 12.1 using unoptimized medium was reported; though the two homologues AF3 and AF5 differed by 14 Da and in fatty acid chain length were found effective in antifungal action, the production/ yield rate

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17

Stipa, Sebastiano, Arjun Ajay, and Joshua Brinkerhoff. "The actuator farm model for large eddy simulation (LES) of wind-farm-induced atmospheric gravity waves and farm–farm interaction." Wind Energy Science 9, no. 12 (2024): 2301–32. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2301-2024.

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Abstract. This study introduces the actuator farm model (AFM), a novel parameterization for simulating wind turbines within large eddy simulations (LESs) of wind farms. Unlike conventional models like the actuator disk (AD) or actuator line (AL), the AFM utilizes a single actuator point at the rotor center and only requires two to three mesh cells across the rotor diameter. Turbine force is distributed to the surrounding cells using a new projection function characterized by an axisymmetric spatial support in the rotor plane and Gaussian decay in the streamwise direction. The spatial support's

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18

Honkanen, Mari, Minnamari Vippola, and Toivo Lepistö. "Low temperature oxidation of copper alloys—AEM and AFM characterization." Journal of Materials Science 42, no. 12 (2007): 4684–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0351-x.

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19

Mansfield, Peter, and Richard Bowtell. "NMR marries AFM." Physics World 7, no. 9 (1994): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/7/9/25.

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20

Aigner, Thomas, Nicole Schmitz, and Jochen Haag. "AFM tackles osteoarthritis." Nature Nanotechnology 4, no. 3 (2009): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2009.29.

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21

KAWAI, Akira. "AnalysisofInteractionForcebetweenMaterialSurfacesbyUsingAtomicForceMicroscope(AFM>." Journal of The Adhesion Society of Japan 36, no. 2 (2000): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.11618/adhesion.36.77.

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22

Wanjari, Suhasini, Abhijit Wanjarri, N. B. Singh, and W. B. Gurnule. "Preface: AFM-2020." Materials Today: Proceedings 29 (2020): 965–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.159.

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23

Gołek, F., P. Mazur, Z. Ryszka, and S. Zuber. "AFM image artifacts." Applied Surface Science 304 (June 2014): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.01.149.

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24

OHNISHI, Hiroshi. "NC-AFM 2000." Hyomen Kagaku 22, no. 3 (2001): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.22.210.

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25

Giessibl, Franz J., and Seizo Morita. "Non-contact AFM." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 24, no. 8 (2012): 080301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/24/8/080301.

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26

Higgins, Michael J., Takeshi Fukuma, and Suzanne P. Jarvis. "AFM in Liquid." Imaging & Microscopy 8, no. 3 (2006): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/imic.200790097.

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27

Chacko, Jenu V., Francesca C. Zanacchi, Benjamin Harke, Luca Lanzano, Claudio Canale, and Alberto Diaspro. "Insight into Hybrid Nanoscopy Techniques: STED AFM & STORM AFM." Biophysical Journal 106, no. 2 (2014): 396a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.2238.

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28

Perkins, Thomas T. "Ultrastable AFM: Improved Stability, Precision, and Bandwidth for Bio-AFM." Biophysical Journal 108, no. 2 (2015): 6a—7a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.058.

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29

Chen, Zhe, Jiawei Luo, Ivo Doudevski, Sema Erten, and Seong H. Kim. "Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Analysis of an Object Larger and Sharper than the AFM Tip." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, no. 05 (2019): 1106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619014697.

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AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is typically used for analysis of relatively flat surfaces with topographic features smaller than the height of the AFM tip. On flat surfaces, it is relatively easy to find the object of interest and deconvolute imaging artifacts resulting from the finite size of the AFM tip. In contrast, AFM imaging of three-dimensional objects much larger than the AFM tip height is rarely attempted although it could provide topographic information that is not readily available from two-dimensional imaging, such as scanning electron microscopy. In this paper, we report AF

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Kaysheva, A. L., Yu D. Ivanov, V. G. Zgoda, et al. "Visualization and identification of hepatitis c viral particles by atomic force microscopy combined with ms/ms analysis." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 56, no. 1 (2010): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20105601026.

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Possibility of detection and identification of hepatitis C viral particles with mass spectrometry (MS) in combination with atomic force microscopy (AFM) had been investigated. AFM/MS approach is based on two technologies: 1. AFM-biospecific fishing that allows to detect, concentrate from solution and to count protein complexes on a surface of AFM-nanochip; 2. mass spectrometric identification of these complexes. AFM-biospecific fishing of HCVcoreAg from solution was carried onto surface of AFM-nanochips with immobilized anti-HCVcoreAg. It was shown that HCVcoreAg/anti-HCVcoreim complexes were

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Zhang, Kai, Yang Bai, and Zhimin Zhang. "Compensation Method for Correcting the Topography Convolution of the 3D AFM Profile Image of a Diffraction Grating." Machines 12, no. 2 (2024): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines12020126.

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Any 3D AFM image is a convolution of the geometry of the AFM tip and the profile of the scanned sample, especially when the dimensions of the scanned sample are comparable to those of the AFM tip shape. The precise profile of the scanned sample can be extracted from the 3D AFM image if the geometry of the AFM tip is known. Therefore, in order to separate the geometry of the AFM probe tip from the 3D AFM image of a diffraction grating with a rectangular profile and to correct for the topographic convolutions induced by the AFM probe tip, a method is used to quantitatively evaluate the geometry

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LAVETSKI, M., V. TSVIATKOU, A. BORISKEVICH, V. LAPITSKAYA, and S. CHIZHIK. "WEIGHTED SUMMATION OF AFM IMAGES USING LOCAL CORRELATION METRIC." HERALD OF POLOTSK STATE UNIVERSITY. Series С FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCES, no. 2 (October 31, 2023): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1624-2023-41-2-18-28.

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The problem of weighted summation of component images of the surface of a material formed in two synchronous channels of an atomic force microscope (AFM) is considered. A computationally simple quality metric for combining component AFM images based on local correlation coefficients is proposed, which takes into account the contribution of each of the component AFM images to the resulting combined AFM image and the correlation between component AFM images. It is shown that local correlation provides a higher accuracy of AFM images combination quality estimation in

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Ortiz-Velázquez, Rogelio Iván, José Guilherme Mendes Pereira Caldas, Patrícia Hatsue Suegama, et al. "Microscopia de força atômica no estudo da superfície endotelial de bifurcações arteriais cerebrais humanas." Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery 28, no. 01 (2009): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1625547.

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Resumo Objetivo: Apresentar o estudo morfológico do endotélio vascular de artérias cerebrais humanas e discutir aplicações e limitações da microscopia de força atômica (AFM) no estudo da patologia vascular. Material e métodos: Foram utilizadas amostras do segmento M1 e da bifurcação da artéria cerebral média, com e sem doença aterosclerótica. Imagens topográficas, obtidas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), das amostras fixadas quimicamente e desidratadas mediante ponto crítico foram confrontadas com imagens de amostras não fixadas, obtidas por AFM. Resultados: As células endoteliai

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Liu, Zeng Lei, Nian Dong Jiao, Zhi Dong Wang, Zai Li Dong, and Lian Qing Liu. "Atomic Force Microscope Deposition Assisted by Electric Field." Advanced Materials Research 677 (March 2013): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.677.69.

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This paper introduces atomic force microscope (AFM) deposition method to fabricate nanostructures and nanodevices. Field emission theory is introduced in this paper, which provides theoretical explanation for AFM deposition. Dot matrixes are fabricated by AFM deposition on three different substrates, Si, Au and GaAs. Differences of deposition on the three substrates are discussed. AFM deposition has many practical applications. For example, AFM deposition can be used to solder nano components together to improve electrical properties of nanodevices. Besides nanosoldering, AFM deposition can al

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Lu, Nianhang, Shasha Xiao, Rui Zhang, Jirui Liu, Long Ma, and Sen Wu. "Thin head atomic force microscope for integration with optical microscope." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 8 (2022): 083702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0093080.

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We present a novel thin head atomic force microscope (AFM) that can be easily integrated with an upright optical microscope (OM). The optical beam detection unit in the AFM used an obliquely incident laser beam onto the cantilever, reducing the AFM head’s effective thickness to 7.3 mm. That allows an open space above the cantilever probe to accommodate the objective lens up to 0.6 numerical aperture (N.A.) without obstruction. A multi-function digital controller was developed to control the AFM and reserved interfaces to communicate with the OM. To assess the performance of the developed AFM,

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NAKAJIMA, Hideo, Akinori KOGURE, and Shiho MORIGUCHI. "Evaluation of Solid-Liquid Interfaces by Frequency Modulation AFM (FM-AFM)." Journal of The Surface Finishing Society of Japan 72, no. 3 (2021): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.72.150.

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37

Gnatchenko, S. L., A. B. Chizhik, V. A. Bedarev, and N. F. Kharchenko. "Magnetization reversal of orthorhombic noncentroantisymmetric antiferromagnet DyFeO3." Low Temperature Physics 21, no. 9 (1995): 736–43. https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0033882.

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Magnetization reversal in the noncentroantisymmetric orthorhombic antiferromagnetic (AFM) DyFeO3 is investigated using visual and magnetooptical methods. Energy inequivalence of time-inversed AFM states is created in a tilted field H = (Hx, Hy, Hz) by quadratic magnetization. The diagram of AFM states of the crystal under investigation in the tilted field is reconstructed, and the coercive energy Ec≈1.1·102 erg/cm3(T = 21 K) of AFM domain walls is determined. Elastic stresses present in the crystal and inducing the piezomagnetic moment noticeably affect the magnetization reversal AFM+ ⟷ AFM− i

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Maran, Bruna, Wendel Paulo Silvestre, and Gabriel Fernandes Pauletti. "Preliminary Study on the Effect of Artificial Lighting on the Production of Basil, Mustard, and Red Cabbage Seedlings." AgriEngineering 6, no. 2 (2024): 1043–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering6020060.

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The use of artificial lighting in a total or supplementary way is a current trend, with growing interest due to the increase in the global population and climate change, which require high-yield, quality, and fast-growing crops with less water and a smaller carbon footprint. This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of light-emitting diode (LED) lighting on the production of basil, mustard, and red cabbage seedlings under controlled artificial conditions and in a greenhouse as a supplementary lighting regime. Under controlled conditions, the experiment was conducted with basil seedlings, co

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Amyot, Romain, Arin Marchesi, Clemens M. Franz, Ignacio Casuso, and Holger Flechsig. "Simulation atomic force microscopy for atomic reconstruction of biomolecular structures from resolution-limited experimental images." PLOS Computational Biology 18, no. 3 (2022): e1009970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009970.

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can visualize the dynamics of single biomolecules under near-physiological conditions. However, the scanning tip probes only the molecular surface with limited resolution, missing details required to fully deduce functional mechanisms from imaging alone. To overcome such drawbacks, we developed a computational framework to reconstruct 3D atomistic structures from AFM surface scans, employing simulation AFM and automatized fitting to experimental images. We provide applications to AFM images ranging from single molecular machines, protein filaments, to large-scale

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Howland, R. S., D. F. Oot, R. Nowroozi-Esfahani, G. J. Maclay, and P. J. Hesketh. "Non-contact atomic-force microscopy for soft surfaces." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 516–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100148411.

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The atomic force microscope (AFM) was invented in the mid-1980s, in response to strong interest in the high resolution, real-space surface imaging capabilities of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The AFM provides one real benefit that the STM cannot: it is able to image insulating surfaces. As a result, the AFM can operate on a wider variety of samples; it also can image samples in air, where many conductors oxidize rapidly, and in solution. Essentially no surface preparation is necessary. Historically, however, even the AFM has had limitations. Until recently, the contact forces exert

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Lee, Hak Joo, Ki Ho Cho, Jae Hyun Kim, et al. "Force-Calibrated AFM for Mechanical Test of Freestanding Thin Films." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.275.

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Atomic force microscope (AFM) is a powerful tool for exploring a nano-scale world. It can measure a nano-scale surface topography with very high resolution and detect a very small force. In this paper, we propose a novel AFM cantilever and its calibration scheme to utilize AFM as a mechanical testing machine. We call this AFM with a new cantilever as a force-calibrated AFM. The feasibility of the AFM cantilever is validated through measurement of mechanical properties of freestanding Au thin films.

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Lavetski, M. Yu, V. Yu Tsviatkou, A. A. Boriskevich, V. A. Lapitskaya, and S. A. Chizhik. "Local Correlation Metric for Assessing the Quality of Combined AFM Images." Doklady BGUIR 21, no. 3 (2023): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-3-78-86.

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The problem of assessing the quality of combining component images formed in two synchronous channels of an atomic force microscope (AFM images), is considered. A computationally simple quality metric for combining component AFM images, based on local correlation coefficients is proposed, taking into account the contribution of each of the component AFM images to the resulting combined AFM image and the correlation between component AFM images. It is shown that local correlation provides a higher accuracy of AFM images combination quality estimation in comparison to the global correlation.

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Thalij, K. M., M. M. Ahmed, and K. M. Al Wezy. "The Correlation between Concentration of Atlatoxins andOchratoxin A and Tumor Patienl·s Cases in Nineveh province." Tikrit Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 6, no. 2 (2023): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjphs.2010.6.2.2.94.101.

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This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between occurrence of Aflatoxins Bl (AFBI), M1 (AEM), Aflatoxicol, and Ochratoxin A (OA), and tumor patients in Nineveh province. Blood, urine and tissues samples were taken from 33 tumor patients at liver and kidney organs, and 18 samples from healthy volunteer's peoples to estimated the presence and concentration of AFB1, AFM, Aflatoxicol, and OA contents. It had been found that the AFB1, AFM], and OA at a high percentage in blood samples from patients group at 42.4, 45.5, and 42.4 % respectively and high range concentrations 4.5 to 13.

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Patel, Anisha N., and Christine Kranz. "(Multi)functional Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging." Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry 11, no. 1 (2018): 329–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125716.

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Incorporating functionality to atomic force microscopy (AFM) to obtain physical and chemical information has always been a strong focus in AFM research. Modifying AFM probes with specific molecules permits accessibility of chemical information via specific reactions and interactions. Fundamental understanding of molecular processes at the solid/liquid interface with high spatial resolution is essential to many emerging research areas. Nanoscale electrochemical imaging has emerged as a complementary technique to advanced AFM techniques, providing information on electrochemical interfacial proce

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Marcuello, Carlos. "Current and future perspectives of atomic force microscopy to elicit the intrinsic properties of soft matter at the single molecule level." AIMS Bioengineering 9, no. 3 (2022): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/bioeng.2022020.

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<abstract> <p>Soft matter encompasses multitude of systems like biomolecules, living cells, polymers, composites or blends. The increasing interest to better understand their physico-chemical properties has significantly favored the development of new techniques with unprecedented resolution. In this framework, atomic force microscopy (AFM) can act as one main actor to address multitude of intrinsic sample characteristics at the nanoscale level. AFM presents many advantages in comparison to other bulk techniques as the assessment of individual entities discharging thus, ensemble av

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Gibson, Christopher T. "The Attachment of Carbon Nanotubes to Atomic Force Microscopy Tips Using the Pick-Up Method." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16 (2020): 5575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165575.

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In the last 30 years research has shown that the resolution and reproducibility of data acquired using the atomic force microscope (AFM) can be improved through the development of new imaging modes or by modifying the AFM tip. One method that has been explored since the 1990s is to attach carbon nanotubes (CNT) to AFM tips. CNTs possess a small diameter, high aspect ratio, high strength and demonstrate a high degree of wear resistance. While early indications suggested the widespread use of these types of probes would be routine this has not been the case. A number of methods for CNT attachmen

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Fukuma, Takeshi. "Subnanometer-scale imaging of nanobio-interfaces by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy." Biochemical Society Transactions 48, no. 4 (2020): 1675–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20200155.

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Recently, there have been significant advancements in dynamic-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) for biological applications. With frequency modulation AFM (FM-AFM), subnanometer-scale surface structures of biomolecules such as secondary structures of proteins, phosphate groups of DNAs, and lipid-ion complexes have been directly visualized. In addition, three-dimensional AFM (3D-AFM) has been developed by combining a high-resolution AFM technique with a 3D tip scanning method. This method enabled visualization of 3D distributions of water (i.e. hydration structures) with subnanometer-scale res

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Kiracofe, Daniel, Arvind Raman, and Dalia Yablon. "Multiple regimes of operation in bimodal AFM: understanding the energy of cantilever eigenmodes." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 4 (June 21, 2013): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.45.

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One of the key goals in atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging is to enhance material property contrast with high resolution. Bimodal AFM, where two eigenmodes are simultaneously excited, confers significant advantages over conventional single-frequency tapping mode AFM due to its ability to provide contrast between regions with different material properties under gentle imaging conditions. Bimodal AFM traditionally uses the first two eigenmodes of the AFM cantilever. In this work, the authors explore the use of higher eigenmodes in bimodal AFM (e.g., exciting the first and fourth eigenmodes).

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Nguyen-Tri, Phuong, Payman Ghassemi, Pascal Carriere, Sonil Nanda, Aymen Amine Assadi, and Dinh Duc Nguyen. "Recent Applications of Advanced Atomic Force Microscopy in Polymer Science: A Review." Polymers 12, no. 5 (2020): 1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051142.

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been extensively used for the nanoscale characterization of polymeric materials. The coupling of AFM with infrared spectroscope (AFM-IR) provides another advantage to the chemical analyses and thus helps to shed light upon the study of polymers. This paper reviews some recent progress in the application of AFM and AFM-IR in polymer science. We describe the principle of AFM-IR and the recent improvements to enhance its resolution. We also discuss the latest progress in the use of AFM-IR as a super-resolution correlated scanned-probe infrared spectroscopy for th

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Zhang, Guocheng, Hai Jiang, Na Fan, Longxiang Yang, Jian Guo, and Bei Peng. "Molecular dynamics simulation of cell membrane penetration by atomic force microscopy tip." Modern Physics Letters B 32, no. 18 (2018): 1850198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984918501981.

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In recent years, a delivery system based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been developed to transport nucleic acids, proteins and drugs to single adherent cell by controlling the indentation process. However, the transportation efficiency is limited by the low penetration rate of the common commercial AFM probe. The tip of commercial AFM probe is blunt and it is hard for blunt tip to insert into the soft cell membrane. In this study, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations were applied to investigate the penetration process of the AFM probe into the cell membrane subjected to diffe

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