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Journal articles on the topic 'Africa, central, social conditions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Kruzh Morzhadinu, Da Fonseka Vera. "HISTORICAL RESEARCH OF MODERNISM IN AFRICAN ARCHITECTURE OF LOW-RISE SOCIAL HOUSING." Construction Materials and Products 3, no. 2 (2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-2-55-62.

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the purpose of this study is to examine the emergence of modernism as a cultural response to the conditions of modernity to change the way people live, work and react to the world around them. In this regard, the following tasks were formulated: 1) study the development of modernism on the world stage, 2) identify its universal features, and 3) analyze how the independence of Central and sub-Saharan Africa in the 1950s and 1960s coincided with a particularly bright period of modernist architecture in the region, when many young countries studied and asserted their identity in art. The article

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Musambachime, M. C. "The University of Zambia's Institute for African Studies and Social Science Research in Central Africa, 1938-1988." History in Africa 20 (1993): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171973.

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G. K. Gwassa states that research institutes in Africa constitute one critical factor of development in that they have to undertake the twin problems of research which involve the search for and the discovery of the process of social development. They also undertake purposeful functional research by (especially) studying and analyzing internal economic and social conditions in order to determine the characteristics, variables, and criteria for rational economic and political actions within a given country. These have become the functions of many social science research institutions in sub-Saha

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Packard, Randall M. "The Invention of the ‘Tropical Worker’: Medical Research and the Quest for Central African Labor on the South African Gold Mines, 1903–36." Journal of African History 34, no. 2 (1993): 271–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700033351.

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In 1903 the South African mining industry began recruiting African labor from Central Africa in order to shore up their labor supplies. From the outset, Central African recruitment was problematic, for Central African mine workers died at very high rates. The primary source of Central African mortality was pneumonia. In response to this high mortality the Union government threatened to close down Central African recruitment, a threat which they carried out in 1913. From 1911 to 1933, the mining industry fought to maintain, and then after 1913 to regain access to Central African labor. Of centr

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Zang Mengue, Lucien Antoine, and Pablo León Higueras Higueras. "Social and environmental issues related to the mining industry in the Central African Republic." BOLETÍN GEOLÓGICO Y MINERO 134, no. 4 (2023): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin/134.4/002.

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Considering the differences between the European and African continents concerning the management of the mining production sector, we decided to carry out this study with the main objective of demonstrating that, in Africa, mining can improve the quality of life of the populations where it develops and, at the same time, it is possible to respect the environment, which is our main wealth. To achieve these objectives, it is necessary to present the mining activity of the continent, emphasizing both the negative aspects and its strong points. The most important thing is to make a good diagnosis

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Ossome, Lyn. "Pedagogies of Feminist Resistance: Agrarian Movements in Africa." Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy: A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES 10, no. 1 (2021): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22779760211000939.

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In the historical course of agrarian transformation in Africa, the reconstitution and fragmentation of the peasantry along the lines of gender, ethnic, class, and racial divisions which facilitate their exploitation remains a central concern in the analysis of the peasant path, of which the exploitation of gendered labor has been a particularly important concern for feminist agrarian theorizations. In contribution to these debates, this article examines the ways in which feminist concerns have shaped, driven, and defined the social and political parameters of agrarian movements in Africa. Even

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Lorusso, Vincenzo. "Parasitology and One Health—Perspectives on Africa and Beyond." Pathogens 10, no. 11 (2021): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111437.

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This concept paper reviews issues pertaining to parasitic and vector-borne infections, of humans, animals, or both, of topical relevance to the African continent as well as to neighbouring and interconnected geographies. This analysis is carried out through the “One Health” lens, being mindful of the central role of agriculture and livestock keeping in Africa’s sustainable development. The possible agricultural transformation that the continent may undergo to fulfil the rising demand for animal protein of its growing population, coupled with the ongoing climate changes, may lead to potentially

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Ossi, Gnamien Yawa. "Vécu Des Enfants Soldats Pendant La Guerre: Une Analyse À Partir Des Projets De l’Organisation Non Gouvernemental Caritas Makeni En Sierra Léone." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 2 (2017): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n2p256.

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The phenomenon of «child soldier» has become very rampant these last years. In Africa, they are very common in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), in Chad, in Uganda, in Sierra Leone, and in Côte d’Ivoire. More recently, they are in Mali and in the Central African Republic. However, armed conflicts have imposed various situations on populations. The children are the main victims. The focus of this study is on child soldiers during times of war. The main objective of this study is to analyze the ways they join the armed groups and the difficulties of their social reintegration. The objectiv

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Bottazzi, Patrick, and Sébastien Boillat. "Political Agroecology in Senegal: Historicity and Repertoires of Collective Actions of an Emerging Social Movement." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 6352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116352.

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Agroecology has become an ideological foundation for social and environmental transformation in sub-Saharan Africa. In Senegal, agroecological advocacy coalitions, made up of farmers’ organizations, scientists, NGOs, and IOs, are using agroecology as an umbrella concept for proposing policy changes at multiple scales. We describe the history of the agroecological movement in Senegal in the context of the constitution of a national advocacy coalition. We then examine the “repertoires of collective action” mobilized by the coalition. Four repertoires are identified: technical support and knowled

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Samy, Martin, Henry Itotenaan Ogiri, and Roberta Bampton. "Examining the public policy perspective of CSR implementation in Sub-Saharan Africa." Social Responsibility Journal 11, no. 3 (2015): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-02-2013-0009.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the public policy perspective of corporate social responsibility (CSR) implementation in Sub-Saharan Africa. There has been an increase in the number of countries adopting a national policy for CSR practice, particularly in the Western society. Despite the growing awareness about the role of government in CSR promotion, governments in Sub-Saharan Africa are yet to evolve policies that could help promote CSR in the region. As drivers of CSR, governments hold resources, like access to regulated parts of society that makes the inclusion of CSR opp

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Bhoola, Sheetal, and Dasarath Chetty. "Experiences and Perceptions of economically marginalised women food vendors: An exploratory study of informal food traders in Durban, South Africa." Journal of Social Inclusion 13, no. 1 (2022): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36251/josi238.

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Informal food vending has grown as a form of employment in South Africa’s cities and rural districts, particularly post 1994. For many, participating in informal food vending is the only option to earn a livelihood. The aim of this study was to describe the conditions of women who live on the margins of society and struggle as informal food vendors. Through purposive sampling, 12 qualitative in depth interviews were conducted with black African women in the Durban central business district. Findings show the majority of participants lack support from their male spouses despite the labour inten

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de Bruijn, Mirjam, and Jonna Both. "Introduction." Conflict and Society 4, no. 1 (2018): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2018.040114.

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The enduring experience of hardship, in the form of layers of various crises, can become deeply ingrained in a society, and people can come to act and react under these conditions as if they lead a normal life. This process is explored through the analytical concept of duress, which contains three elements: enduring and accumulating layers of hardship over time, the normalization of this hardship, and a form of deeply constrained agency. We argue that decisions made in duress have a significant impact on the social and political structures of society. This concept of duress is used as a lens t

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Toit, André Du. "Puritans in Africa? Afrikaner “Calvinism” and Kuyperian Neo-Calvinism in Late Nineteenth-Century South Africa." Comparative Studies in Society and History 27, no. 2 (1985): 209–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500011336.

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Accounts of South African history and politics have been much influenced by what might be termed the Calvinist paradigm of Afrikaner history. As a model for the historical understanding of modern Afrikaner nationalism and of the ideology of apartheid it has proved persuasive to historians and social scientists alike. In outline, it amounts to the view that the “seventeenth-century Calvinism” which the Afrikaner founding fathers derived from their countries of origin became fixed in the isolated frontier conditions of trekboer society and survived for generations in the form of a kind of “primi

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Soboyejo, Lukman Adeboye, Ahmad Mojisola Sakinat, and Abayomi Oluwatobiloba Bankole. "A DPSIR and SAF Analysis of Water Insecurity in Lake Chad Basin, Central Africa." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 384 (November 16, 2021): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-384-313-2021.

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Abstract. Lake Chad is a transboundary freshwater body located in the extreme south of the Sahara Desert. Many centuries ago, the synergies between nature and human activities in the basin were in harmony; and nowadays, the manifestation of unsustainable human activities and drier climate in the basin is now evident. This study assesses the water insecurity and associated environmental issues in the area using the combined Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) and System-Approach-Framework (SAF) frameworks. In achieving this, we conducted literature review to establish the major effect

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Lasagna, Manuela, Sabrina Maria Rita Bonetto, Laura Debernardi, Domenico Antonio De Luca, Carlo Semita, and Chiara Caselle. "Groundwater Resources Assessment for Sustainable Development in South Sudan." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (2020): 5580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145580.

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The economic activities of South Sudan (East-Central Africa) are predominantly agricultural. However, food insecurity due to low agricultural production, connected with weather conditions and lack of water infrastructure and knowledge, is a huge problem. This study reports the results of a qualitative and quantitative investigation of underground and surface water in the area of Gumbo (east of Juba town) that aims to assure sustainable water management, reducing diseases and mortality and guaranteeing access to irrigation and drinking water. The results of the study demonstrate the peculiarity

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Zimmermann, Martin, and Felix Neu. "Social–Ecological Impact Assessment and Success Factors of a Water Reuse System for Irrigation Purposes in Central Northern Namibia." Water 14, no. 15 (2022): 2381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14152381.

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With regard to water supply constraints, water reuse has already become an indispensable water resource. In many regions of southern Africa, so-called waste stabilisation ponds (WSP) represent a widespread method of sewage disposal. Since capacity bottlenecks lead to overflowing ponds and contamination, a concept was designed and piloted in order to upgrade a plant and reuse water in agriculture. Using a social–ecological impact assessment (SEIA), the aim of this study was to identify and evaluate intended and unintended impacts of the upgrading of an existing WSP to reuse water for livestock

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MAHAMAT MUGADAM, MUGADAM. "African migration to Chad: diversity of ethnic groups as one of the motives for the choice of migrants." Asia and Africa Today, no. 1 (2022): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s032150750015511-4.

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The mobility of the population of the African continent is not a new phenomenon. Intra-African migration has a close relationship with mobility, as every migrant dreams of better social, economic, and political conditions. In this article, the author touches on the topic of the diversity of ethnic groups and languages as one of the motives for migrants to choose the Republic of Chad. Chad is a link between the Maghreb and Black Africa, and a crossroads of trans-Saharan caravans and a cradle of nomadic civilizations. Today, emigration and immigration movements between Chad, Libya, Sudan, Centra

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Reno, William. "Fictional States & Atomized Public Spheres: A Non-Western Approach to Fragility." Daedalus 146, no. 4 (2017): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00465.

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This essay explains why political order in some places gives way to especially persistent conflict and prolonged state institutional collapse. State failure is rooted in decades of personalist rule, as leaders have sought to fragment and disorganize institutions and social groups that they thought would be possible bases of opposition. This problem was considered particular to sub-Saharan Africa, but now parts of the Middle East and Central Asia exhibit this connection between a particular type of authoritarian rule and state failure. State failure in these countries produces multisided warfar

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Ansah, Edward Wilson, Promise Kwame Salu, Martin Sumani Daanko, David N. Banaaleh, and Mustapha Amoadu. "Prevalence and health effects of post-COVID-19 condition in Africa: a scoping review protocol." BMJ Open 14, no. 5 (2024): e082519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082519.

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IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused global devastations in the social, economic and health systems of every nation, but disproportionately the nations in Africa. Apart from its grave effects on the global systems, is the persistence of post-COVID-19 condition in individuals infected with the virus. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review is to collate and summarise the existing research evidence about the prevalence and health effects of post-COVID-19 infection conditions in Africa.Methods and analysisFive main databases will be thoroughly searched from 1 September 2023 to 30 April 20

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Sabar, Galia. "African Christianity in the Jewish State: Adaptation, Accommodation and Legitimization of Migrant Workers' Churches, 1990-2003." Journal of Religion in Africa 34, no. 4 (2004): 407–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570066042564400.

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AbstractThis paper examines the role of African Initiated Churches (AICs) in the lives of African migrant laborers in Israel. Its aim is to attain a deeper understanding of religion and church affiliation among African migrant laborers in Israel from the perspective of the Africans themselves. It traces the creation and development of the AICs in Israel, including the various services and activities that the churches provided for their members in the social, economic and political arenas. It argues that the African churches in Israel occupied a particularly large and central place in their mem

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Krige, Detlev. "FIELDS OF DREAMS, FIELDS OF SCHEMES: PONZI FINANCE AND MULTI-LEVEL MARKETING IN SOUTH AFRICA." Africa 82, no. 1 (2012): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972011000738.

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ABSTRACTThe structural conditions associated with increased inequality amidst rapid change brought about by growing financialization and efforts to get the ‘unbanked’ sections of society into the formal financial system have created the conditions under which illegal pyramid and ponzi schemes, fake investment schemes, and legal multi-level marketing companies have been able to flourish. In contemporary Johannesburg and Soweto the originators of money multiplication schemes and the agents who ‘work’ to recruit new members position themselves in this context as financial entrepreneurs and broker

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Malakhov, Vladimir. "Why Tajiks Are (Not) Like Arabs: Central Asian Migration into Russia Against the Background of Maghreb Migration into France." Nationalities Papers 47, no. 2 (2019): 310–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nps.2018.35.

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AbstractThe article aims to compare the conditions of migrants from Central Asia into Russia with that of migrants from the Maghreb into France. Despite many similarities in conditions (related to the experience of social exclusion), there are deep differences. The precarious legal status of the majority of Central Asian newcomers in Russia has prevented them from embarking on an effective struggle for public recognition; this is in sharp contrast with North African newcomers in France who have been engaged in such struggle since the 1980s. In addition, Islam plays different roles in the migra

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Berge, Lars Ivar Oppedal, Kjetil Bjorvatn, Simon Galle, et al. "Ethnically Biased? Experimental Evidence from Kenya." Journal of the European Economic Association 18, no. 1 (2019): 134–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvz003.

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Abstract Ethnicity has been shown to shape political, social, and economic behavior in Africa, but the underlying mechanisms remain contested. We utilize lab experiments to isolate one mechanism—an individual's bias in favor of coethnics and against non-coethnics—that has been central in both theory and in the conventional wisdom about the impact of ethnicity. We employ an unusually rich research design involving a large sample of 1300 participants from Nairobi, Kenya; the collection of multiple rounds of experimental data with varying proximity to national elections; within-lab priming condit

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Hållén, Nicklas. "A personal quest: Travel writing as self-exploration in Eddy L. Harris’s Native Stranger: A Blackamerican’s Journey into the Heart of Africa." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 53, no. 3 (2016): 363–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989416653438.

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In Native Stranger: A Blackamerican’s Journey into the Heart of Africa (1992), Eddy L. Harris explores what it means to be the person he is. What, if anything, connects him to Africa? What is the relation between the person he knows himself to be, and the person others see? Searching for answers to his questions, he finds himself caught between his attempts to remain open to new ways of seeing and understanding the world, on the one hand, and succumbing to the pressures of monolithic narratives about African otherness, race, belonging, roots and the past, on the other hand. This tension gives

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Casmir, Fred. "Conflict Resolution." Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa 6, no. 1 (2022): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v6i1.2108.

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TRULY effective and successful human negotiation and the resolution of conflict (also where South Africa is concerned) can only be developed by a process preceding actual negotiation. Destructive tendencies resulting from perceptions or expectations deeply rooted in different cultural backgrounds, can only be overcome through the conscious effort to create a basic, mutually acceptable communication sub-culture in which trust plays a central role. Rather than approaching any given negotiation situation with a fixed, preconceived action model already in mind, communication scholars will have to

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Rutter-Locher, Z., J. Galloway, and H. Lempp. "SAT0640-HPR RHEUMATOLOGY CARE OF MIGRANTS FROM SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; A QUALITATIVE PILOT STUDY OF PATIENTS’ PERSPECTIVES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1279.1–1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2789.

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Background:Rheumatological diseases are common in Sub-Saharan Africa [1] but specialist healthcare is limited and there are less than 150 rheumatologists currently serving 1 billion people in Sub-Saharan Africa [2]. Rheumatologists practising in the UK NHS are likely to be exposed to migrant patients. There is therefore, an unmet need for health care providers to understand the differences in rheumatology healthcare provision between Sub-Saharan Africa and the UK and the barriers which migrants face in their transition of rheumatology care.Objectives:To gain an understanding of the experiences

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Cornips, Leonie, and Vincent de Rooij. "Katanga Swahili and Heerlen Dutch: A sociohistorical and linguistic comparison of contact varieties in mining regions." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2019, no. 258 (2019): 35–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2019-2028.

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Abstract This article compares sociolinguistic and structural outcomes of language contact processes in two mining areas on two different continents, namely the Katanga region in the southeast of what is now the DR Congo, Africa and Heerlen as centre of the former Eastern Mine District in the southeastern province of Limburg in the Netherlands, Europe. Several similarities between these two regions make this comparison interesting. Both in Katanga and Heerlen, the natural copper and coal resources were located in border regions that were peripheral to central seats of government. In both regio

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Grab, Stefan, and Tizian Zumthurm. "“Everything is scorched by the burning sun”: missionary perspectives and experiences of 19th- and early 20th-century droughts in semi-arid central Namibia." Climate of the Past 16, no. 2 (2020): 679–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-679-2020.

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Abstract. Limited research has focussed on historical droughts during the pre-instrumental weather-recording period in semi-arid to arid human-inhabited environments. Here we describe the unique nature of droughts over semi-arid central Namibia (southern Africa) between 1850 and 1920. More particularly, our intention is to establish temporal shifts in influence and impact that historical droughts had on society and the environment during this period. This is achieved through scrutinizing documentary records sourced from a variety of archives and libraries. The primary source of information com

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Yarotskiy, Petro. "Church and world after the Second Vatican Council." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 66 (February 26, 2013): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2013.66.247.

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Cathedrals of the Catholic Church, as a rule, are gathering at the turning points of the development of the world and the life of the Church. II Vatican Council took place after the curves of the second drama of humanity in the Second World War, in the conditions of the post-war split of the world, first of all in Europe, in two opposing camps and the establishment of totalitarian regimes in the countries of Eastern and Central Europe, the collapse of the colonial system and the appearance on the political map of the world (first of all in Africa and Asia) of young independent countries. At th

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Rabaka, Reiland. "The Souls of White Folk: W.E.B. DuBois's Critique of White Supremacy and the Contributions to Critical White Studies." Ethnic Studies Review 29, no. 2 (2006): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2006.29.2.1.

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Traditionally “white supremacy” has been treated in race and racism discourse as white domination of and white discrimination against non-whites, and especially blacks. It is a term that often carries a primarily legal and political connotation, which has been claimed time and time again to be best exemplified by the historic events and contemporary effects of: African holocaust, enslavement and colonization; the “failure” of reconstruction, the ritual of lynching and the rise of Jim Crow segregation in the United States; and, white colonial and racial rule throughout Africa, and especially ap

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Botha, Monray Marsellus. "The Different Worlds of Labour and Company Law: Truth or Myth?" Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 5 (2017): 2103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i5a2157.

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Recently the South African company law landscape underwent a dramatic overhaul with the introduction of the Companies Act 71 of 2008. Central to company law is the promotion of corporate governance. It is clear that companies are no longer accountable just to their shareholders but also to society at large. Leaders should, for example, direct company strategies and operations with a view to achieving the triple bottom-line (economic, social and environmental performance) and should thus also manage the business in a sustainable manner. An important question in company law still today is in who

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Lwasa, Shuaib. "Drought and Flood Risk, Impacts and Adaptation Options for Resilience in Rural Communities of Uganda." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 9, no. 1 (2018): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.2018010103.

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Climate change is affecting many rural resource-poor communities unequivocally with differing magnitude, severity and frequency of drought risk from one locale to another especially in Africa. At micro spatial scale of households and villages, climate change risk trends and hazards vary spatially, coupling with social, economic and locational conditions. This paper analyzes vulnerability and impacts of climate change from droughts and floods in a rural community with varied geographies across social, economic and environmental profiles in Uganda. In recent years, studies have shown that drough

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Dickerman, Leah, David Joselit, and Mignon Nixon. "Afrotropes: A Conversation with Huey Copeland and Krista Thompson." October 162 (December 2017): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00306.

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Huey Copeland and Krista Thompson speak with several October editors about afrotropes, recurrent visual forms that have emerged within and become central to the formation of African diasporic culture and identity. Copeland and Thompson argue that ultimately such forms are transformed and deformed in response to the specific social, political, and institutional conditions that inform the experiences of black people as well as changing perceptions of blackness.

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Najmiddinov, Zafar. "Taǧnīs al-Multaqaṭ as a Source for Studying the Transition Period of Hanafism in Central Asia". International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, № 8 (2021): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i8.3030.

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Freedom, civil society legalism, pluralism, useful, constructive and healthy competition in society, political participation, elections, a comprehensive constitution, and the growth of non-governmental organizations, fundamental freedoms and the provision of civil and political rights are the most important components of political development are. People in society and the establishment of a parliamentary system. New movements are also mainly social and cultural in nature and emerged with the aim of reviving identity, deepening and developing political participation in Islamic and Arab societi

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Oduro, Belinda Dentaa. "Understanding the Health-Seeking Behaviour of Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Ghana Through Vignettes." Pan-African Journal of Health and Environmental Science 3, no. 1 (2024): 74–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.56893/ajhes2024v03i01.07.

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Abstract Background: Autoimmune conditions occur when the immune system cannot differentiate between foreign substances and the body’s cells. In multiple sclerosis (MS), the immune system attacks the central nervous system and causes debilitating symptoms. Various factors impact healthcare choices in Africa, including beliefs and social class. Methods: This qualitative study explored the health-seeking behavior of five (5) purposively selected patients with MS in Ghana through in-depth interviews. Results: The results of the study, as reported using vignettes, showed a lack of awareness about

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Henzi, S. Peter, Nicola Forshaw, Ria Boner, Louise Barrett, and David Lusseau. "Scalar social dynamics in female vervet monkey cohorts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1618 (2013): 20120351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0351.

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Primate social life and behaviour is contingent on a number of levels: phylogenetic, functional and proximate. Although this contingency is recognized by socioecological theory, variability in behaviour is still commonly viewed as ‘noise’ around a central tendency, rather than as a source of information. An alternative view is that selection has acted on social reaction norms that encompass demographic variation both between and within populations and demes. Here, using data from vervet monkeys ( Chlorocebus aethiops pygerythrus ), we illustrate how this alternative approach can provide a more

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Meise, Kristine, Daniel W. Franks, and Jakob Bro-Jørgensen. "Using social network analysis of mixed-species groups in African savannah herbivores to assess how community structure responds to environmental change." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1781 (2019): 20190009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0009.

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The dynamics of wildlife populations often depend heavily on interspecific interactions and understanding the underlying principles can be an important step in designing conservation strategies. Behavioural ecological studies can here provide useful insights into the structure and function of communities and their likely response to environmental changes. In this study of the Masai Mara herbivore community, we use a social network approach to investigate social affinities between species and how these change over the year in response to seasonal changes in ecological conditions. We find that e

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Nobles, Wade W., Lawford L. Goddard, and Dorie J. Gilbert. "Culturecology, Women, and African-Centered HIV Prevention." Journal of Black Psychology 35, no. 2 (2009): 228–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095798409333584.

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The Healer Women Fighting Disease Integrated Substance Abuse and HIV Prevention Program for African American women is based on a conceptual framework called “culturecology” and an African-Centered Behavioral Change Model (ACBCM). Culturecology poses that an understanding of African American culture is central to both behavior and behavioral transformation. The ACBCM model suggests that behavioral change occurs through a process of resocialization and culturalization. These processes minimize negative social conditions and maximize prosocial and life-affirming conditions. The participants were

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Troitiño, David Ramiro, Karoline Färber, and Anni Boiro. "Mitterrand and the Great European Design—From the Cold War to the European Union." Baltic Journal of European Studies 7, no. 2 (2017): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2017-0013.

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AbstractFrançois Mitterrand had a leading role in directing the course for the European integration process. While he orchestrated the economic integration of Europe, he remained deeply opposed to further political integration within the Communities. This article researches Mitterrand’s rationale for his clear focus on economic affairs and develops his vision for the institutional setting of the European Union (EU). The focus of the article is allocated to four different perspectives that reflect the four pillars of Mitterrand’s European policy: the common currency, the establishment of a clos

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Horacek, Micha, Helene Nieuwoudt, Florian F. Bauer, Bahareh Bagheri, and Mathabatha E. Setati. "Differentiation of Geographic Origin of South African Wines from Austrian Wines by IRMS and SNIF-NMR." Foods 12, no. 6 (2023): 1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12061175.

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Geographic origin and terroir are very important parameters for wine and significantly impact price. Incorrect declarations are known to occur intentionally to increase profit, thus, measures for control are required. Accompanying paperwork has been shown to be unreliable, thus, control of the product itself is required. Here we investigate and compare the stable isotope pattern of South African (Western Cape Province) wine, and evaluate its potential for discrimination from Central European/Austrian wine. The results show that the isotope values of the investigated South African wine samples

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Mahomed, Maqsooda, Alistair D. Clulow, Sheldon Strydom, Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi, and Michael J. Savage. "Assessment of a Ground-Based Lightning Detection and Near-Real-Time Warning System in the Rural Community of Swayimane, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Weather, Climate, and Society 13, no. 3 (2021): 605–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-20-0116.1.

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AbstractClimate change projections of increases in lightning activity are an added concern for lightning-prone countries such as South Africa. South Africa’s high levels of poverty, lack of education, and awareness, as well as a poorly developed infrastructure, increase the vulnerability of rural communities to the threat of lightning. Despite the existence of national lightning networks, lightning alerts and warnings are not disseminated well to such rural communities. We therefore developed a community-based early warning system (EWS) to detect and disseminate lightning threats and alerts in

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Mulubale, Sanny, Katongo Bwalya, and Janet Mundando. "Identity, Citizenship and the Teaching Profession: Theoretical Insights in the Study of Zambian Teachers Living with Human Immune–deficiency Virus (HIV)." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 3 (2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.93.11924.

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This article discusses HIV positive teachers’ medicalisation in the Zambian context. It makes a theoretical appraisal of the dynamics of health in this HIV treatment era, viewing the era as leaving the AIDS pandemic between two streams: a disappearing tragedy and a treatable illness with latent psychological, social and economic effects [1]. Teacher training, teachers’ economic status, their use of effective pedagogy and many other factors have been chronicled extensively by various scholars across disciplines in research on education in developing countries. However, teachers’ experiences of

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Tade, Oludayo. "“Shoot Me and Let Me Die”: Cash Scarcity and the Performance of Deviant Nude Protest in Nigeria." Protest 4, no. 1 (2024): 30–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667372x-bja10058.

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Abstract Using Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical approach, this paper interrogates how space shapes the nature of nude protests and how human bodies performed as sites of power, contestation and attention. Although nude protests are not new to Africa, and Nigeria in particular, where nudehood is deployed to challenge unpleasant social conditions, mostly by women, I interrogated the performance of nude protest by two bank customers (male and female) inside two Nigerian Banking halls as a reaction to the naira redesign policy of the Central Bank of Nigeria, launched in December 2022, which limited

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Leuenberger, Andrea, Bognan V. Koné, Raymond T. A. S. N’krumah, et al. "Perceived water-related risk factors of Buruli ulcer in two villages of south-central Côte d’Ivoire." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 12 (2022): e0010927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010927.

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Background Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, is a neglected tropical skin disease that is primarily endemic in West and Central Africa, including Côte d’Ivoire. Studies indicate that M. ulcerans infections are caused by contact with an environmental reservoir of the bacteria, governed by specific human biological conditions. Yet, the nature of this reservoir and the exact mode of transmission remain unknown. Methodology To identify ecologic risk factors of Buruli ulcer in south-central Côte d’Ivoire, we pursued a qualitative study matched with geo-referencing inquiry. Embedded in

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Prickett, Pamela J. "Contextualizing from Within: Perceptions of Physical Disorder in a South Central L.A. African American Mosque." City & Community 13, no. 3 (2014): 214–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12078.

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Physical disorder is fundamental to how urban sociologists understand the inner workings of a neighborhood. This article takes advantage of ethnographic and historical research to understand how, over time, participants in an urban mosque in South Central Los Angeles develop patterns of meaning–making and decision–making about physical disorder. I examine how specific negative physical conditions on the property came to exist as well as the varied processes by which they changed—both improving and worsening—over the community's long history. Contrary to dominant “social disorganization” and “b

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Ogwang, Tom, Frank Vanclay, and Arjan van den Assem. "Rent-Seeking Practices, Local Resource Curse, and Social Conflict in Uganda’s Emerging Oil Economy." Land 8, no. 4 (2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8040053.

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We consider the different types of rent-seeking practices in emerging oil economies, and discuss how they contribute to social conflict and a local resource curse in the Albertine Graben region of Uganda. The rent-seeking activities have contributed to speculative behavior, competition for limited social services, land grabbing, land scarcity, land fragmentation, food insecurity, corruption, and ethnic polarization. Local people have interpreted the experience of the consequent social impacts as a local resource curse. The impacts have led to social conflicts among the affected communities. Ou

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Hauser, Michael, and Mara Lindtner. "Organic agriculture in post-war Uganda: emergence of pioneer-led niches between 1986 and 1993." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 32, no. 2 (2016): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170516000132.

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AbstractUganda is the largest producer of organic commodities in Africa. While most of the literature associate the start of organic agriculture in Uganda with the first certified project, no accounts exist about non-certified organic agriculture before 1993. Both in Europe and in the USA, pioneers drove non-certified organic agriculture as a response to economic, ecological and social crises. Uganda suffered two decades of civil war ending in 1986 causing multiple crises. We explore how post-war conditions influenced the emergence of organic agriculture in Uganda. We conducted individual semi

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Babatunde, Oluwole Adeyemi, Whitney E. Zahnd, Jan M. Eberth, et al. "Association between Neighborhood Social Deprivation and Stage at Diagnosis among Breast Cancer Patients in South Carolina." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (2021): 11824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211824.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the association between neighborhood social deprivation and individual-level characteristics on breast cancer staging in African American and white breast cancer patients. We established a retrospective cohort of patients with breast cancer diagnosed from 1996 to 2015 using the South Carolina Central Cancer Registry. We abstracted sociodemographic and clinical variables from the registry and linked these data to a county-level composite that captured neighborhood social conditions—the social deprivation index (SDI). Data were analyzed using chi-square t

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Carney, Judith, and Michael Watts. "Manufacturing dissent: work, gender and the politics of meaning in a peasant society." Africa 60, no. 2 (1990): 207–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160333.

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Introduction: The Manufacturing of DissentThis article addresses the changing nature of farm work in a peasant society in The Gambia, West Africa. The practice of farm labour has been transformed in the most palpable way by the advent of radically new technical and social relations of production associated with mechanised double-cropping of irrigated rice. Technical change, agricultural intensification and a new labour process are, however, all built upon the bedrock of household production, since peasant growers are socially integrated into the new scheme as contract farmers, specifically as

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Sevenhuysen, Karina. "Swart stedelike behuisingsverskaffing in Suid-Afrika, ca. 1923-1948: “Wanneer meer minder kos” ― finansiële verliese versus welsyns- en gesondheidswinste." New Contree 64 (July 30, 2012): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/nc.v64i0.324.

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Since 1923, urban local authorities in South Africa were legally obliged to provide housing to urban black workers within their areas of jurisdiction. Urban black workers were “cheap” workers, resulting in local authorities to be confronted by financial obligations and problems, which completely overwhelmed them. Therefore, many authorities neglected their housing obligations and unhygienic conditions, and slums were a common sight in urban black townships. This was detrimental to the health of black workers as well as their white co-workers. Furthermore, this situation affected the economy ne

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Kania-Dobrowolska, Małgorzata, and Justyna Baraniak. "Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) as a Source of Biologically Active Compounds Supporting the Therapy of Co-Existing Diseases in Metabolic Syndrome." Foods 11, no. 18 (2022): 2858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182858.

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Nowadays, many people are struggling with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis, which are called the scourge of the 21st century. These illnesses coexist in metabolic syndrome, which is not a separate disease entity because it includes several clinical conditions such as central (abdominal) obesity, elevated blood pressure, and disorders of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Lifestyle is considered to have an impact on the development of metabolic syndrome. An unbalanced diet, the lack of sufficient physical activity, and genetic factors result in the development of type 2 diabetes and

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