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Journal articles on the topic 'Africa, East – Languages'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

König, Christa. "Marked nominative in Africa." Studies in Language 30, no. 4 (2006): 655–732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.30.4.02kon.

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Africa is a continent where grammaticalized case systems are a rare phenomenon. But there is one exception: East Africa is a region where there is a relatively high occurrence of case languages (that is, languages with a grammaticalized case system). With regard to the type of case systems which occur in Africa, again, the picture is crosslinguistically unbalanced as there are hardly any ergative languages. In other words, of the two most common case types worldwide, accusative and ergative(/absolutive), essentially only one is represented in Africa, namely the accusative type. From a worldwid

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Scheinfeldt, Laura B., Sameer Soi, Charla Lambert, et al. "Genomic evidence for shared common ancestry of East African hunting-gathering populations and insights into local adaptation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 10 (2019): 4166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817678116.

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Anatomically modern humans arose in Africa ∼300,000 years ago, but the demographic and adaptive histories of African populations are not well-characterized. Here, we have generated a genome-wide dataset from 840 Africans, residing in western, eastern, southern, and northern Africa, belonging to 50 ethnicities, and speaking languages belonging to four language families. In addition to agriculturalists and pastoralists, our study includes 16 populations that practice, or until recently have practiced, a hunting-gathering (HG) lifestyle. We observe that genetic structure in Africa is broadly corr

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Bolton, Caitlyn. "Making Africa Legible." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 33, no. 3 (2016): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v33i3.350.

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European colonialism and missionization in Africa initiated a massive orthographic shift across the continent, as local languages that had been written for centuries in Arabic letters were forcibly re-written in Roman orthography through language standardization reforms and the introduction of colonial public schools. Using early missionary grammars promoting the “conversion of Africa from the East,” British colonial standardization policies and educational reforms, as well as petitions and newspaper editorials by the local Swahilispeaking community, I trace the story of the Romanization of Sw

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Bolton, Caitlyn. "Making Africa Legible." American Journal of Islam and Society 33, no. 3 (2016): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v33i3.350.

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European colonialism and missionization in Africa initiated a massive orthographic shift across the continent, as local languages that had been written for centuries in Arabic letters were forcibly re-written in Roman orthography through language standardization reforms and the introduction of colonial public schools. Using early missionary grammars promoting the “conversion of Africa from the East,” British colonial standardization policies and educational reforms, as well as petitions and newspaper editorials by the local Swahilispeaking community, I trace the story of the Romanization of Sw

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Lembuka, Meinrad Haule. "Historical Contributions of Kiswahili Language in Demonstrating Ubuntu Values in East Africa." International Journal of Research 11, no. 8 (2024): 266–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13336528.

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<em>The study presents the historical contributions of the Kiswahili language in demonstrating Ubuntu values in East Africa from pre-colonial times to the present. Kiswahili language represents other lingua franca that reflects Ubuntuism in the African context toward collective and holistic human development. Findings have shown that for centuries, has been a key linkage between East African communities and with outside World through its capacity to attract and accommodate other cultural diversity, It has remained a nexus of African Ubuntu expressions and conveys identity, values, inclusion, a

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Zell, Hans M. "Henry Chakava: an annotated bibliography." Africa Bibliography, Research and Documentation 3 (November 2024): 65–79. https://doi.org/10.1017/abd.2024.8.

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AbstractHenry Miyinzi Chakava (26 April 1946–8 March 2024), often described as ‘the godfather of book publishing in Africa’, started his early career at the Kenyan branch of Heinemann Educational Books, later to become the indigenously-owned East African Educational Publishers in Nairobi. He was Kenya’s first African book editor in 1972, at a time when there were still few books or educational materials published in African languages, and he devoted much his life to preserving and boosting the region’s languages. He was also a courageous and highly enterprising publisher who has made a massive

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Knappert, Jan. "Swahili Songs of Defiance and Mockery." Afrika Focus 3, no. 3-4 (1987): 165–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0030304001.

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The aim of this publication is mainly to make known to fellow students of African oral traditions the literary achievements of the Swahili people. Songs of mockery and defiance are known in many languages, but so far none to my knowledge had been published from East Africa. The present article will, it is hoped, fill that lacune. It demonstrates that there are, and always have been, numerous songs of mockery and defiance in Swahili, while new ones are still being composed and sung. These songs form today a part of the healthy democratic process in East Africa.

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Akhoun-Schwarb, Dominique. "Africa and African languages in the SOAS Library’s Special Collections." Africa Bibliography, Research and Documentation 2 (November 2023): 32–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/abd.2023.12.

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AbstractSOAS (School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London) Library is one of only five National Research Libraries in the UK and one of the most important academic libraries for the study of Asia, Africa and the Middle East. The African Language Collection at SOAS is unique in the UK and Europe in terms of its linguistic span and significance. The Library seeks to acquire material in and on all languages present on the African continent, not just those taught and researched at SOAS. The range of material within the Main Library collection and the history of the collection will

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Isingoma, Bebwa. "Languages in East Africa: Policies, practices and perspectives." Sociolinguistic Studies 10, no. 3 (2016): 433–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/sols.v10i3.27401.

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10

Shubin, Vladimir. "African studies in Russia (with special reference to the Institute of African Studies, Moscow)." African Research & Documentation 86 (2001): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00019403.

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The history of African Studies in Russia goes back to the 19th century. Traditionally two fields were most developed - Egyptology and Ethiopian Studies. Several Russian explorers travelled to East Africa and the Horn of Africa at the end of that century. After the 1917 revolution, more attention was paid to the anti-colonial struggle of the African peoples and the workers’ movement.The first centres of African Studies were created in the early 1930s in Moscow as an African cabinet in the short-lived Scientific Research Association for the Study of National and Colonial Problems and die African

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Shubin, Vladimir. "African studies in Russia (with special reference to the Institute of African Studies, Moscow)." African Research & Documentation 86 (2001): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00019403.

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The history of African Studies in Russia goes back to the 19th century. Traditionally two fields were most developed - Egyptology and Ethiopian Studies. Several Russian explorers travelled to East Africa and the Horn of Africa at the end of that century. After the 1917 revolution, more attention was paid to the anti-colonial struggle of the African peoples and the workers’ movement.The first centres of African Studies were created in the early 1930s in Moscow as an African cabinet in the short-lived Scientific Research Association for the Study of National and Colonial Problems and die African

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Yakpo, Kofi. "Creole prosodic systems are areal, not simple." Frontiers in Psychology 12 (October 27, 2021): 690593. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.690593.

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This study refutes the common idea that tone gets simplified or eliminated in creoles and contact languages. Speakers of African tone languages imposed tone systems on all Afro-European creoles spoken in the tone-dominant linguistic ecologies of Africa and the colonial Americas. African speakers of tone languages also imposed tone systems on the colonial varieties of English, French, Spanish, and Portuguese spoken in tonal Africa. A crucial mechanism involved in the emergence of the tone systems of creoles and colonial varieties is stress-to-tone mapping. A typological comparison with African

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Habib, Rania. "Introducing the Special Issue: Language Use in the Middle East and North Africa." Languages 9, no. 4 (2024): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages9040116.

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Chukwuorji, JohnBosco, and Oluchi Osondu. "Translation of Well-being Assessment Instruments in African Contexts: A Mapping Review and Future Directions." Journal of Psychological Research 5, no. 4 (2023): 15–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jpr.v5i4.5907.

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A fundamental requirement for proper measurement of well-being in diverse contexts is the appropriate translation of well-being measures into the languages spoken by the specific population. This paper aims to identify measures of well-being that have been translated into African languages up to the year 2019 and make suggestions for researchers who are faced with the challenge of translating well-being instruments into local languages. Online databases were searched to identify published studies reporting the translation of well-being instruments into African languages. Some researchers were

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Mohr, Susanne, and Dunlop Ochieng. "Language usage in everyday life and in education: current attitudes towards English in Tanzania." English Today 33, no. 4 (2017): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078417000268.

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Tanzania is, like most countries in East Africa, extremely culturally and linguistically diverse. Language counts range from 125 (Lewis, Simons & Fennig, 2016) to 164 living languages mentioned by the ‘Languages of Tanzania project’ (2009). Given this extreme multilingualism, institutional languages had to be chosen on a national level after independence. Kiswahili is the proclaimed national language and lingua franca of the East African region, also spoken in Kenya, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, for instance, and is used as medium of instruction (MoI) in primary education.

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Gromova, Nelli V., Yulia G. Suetina, and Aida R. Fattakhova. "THE EVOLUTION OF ARABIC LOANWORDS IN THE LANGUAGES OF EAST AND WEST AFRICA." Вестник Пермского университета. Российская и зарубежная филология 13, no. 3 (2021): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2021-3-12-18.

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The article deals with the evolution of words borrowed from the Arabic language in two major African languages – Swahili and Hausa, from the mid-20th century to the present day. We used S. Baldi’s dictionary A First Ethnolinguistic Comparison of Arabic Loanwords Common to Hausa and Swahili as a basis for comparative analysis. The analysis allowed us to identify the peculiarities of the functioning of Arabic loanwords in the Swahili and Hausa languages at the contemporary stage of their development. These are code-switching at the phonological level, lexical and semantic variations of linguisti

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Simo Bobda, Augustin. "The formation of regional and national features in African English pronunciation." English World-Wide 24, no. 1 (2003): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.24.1.03sim.

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Serious studies on English pronunciation in Africa, which are only beginning, have so far highlighted the regional and sociolinguistic distribution of some features on the continent. The present paper revisits some aspects of these studies and presents a sort of pronunciation atlas on the basis of some selected features. But more importantly, the paper examines how these features are formed. It considers, but goes beyond, the over-used theory of mother-tongue interference, and analyses a wide range of other factors: colonial input, shared historical experience, movement of populations, colonia

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Adeniyi, Emmanuel. "East African Literature and the Gandasation of Metropolitan Language – Reading from Jennifer Makumbi’s Kintu." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 58, no. 1 (2021): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/tl.v58i1.8272.

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Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi is, without doubt, one of the finest literary writers to have come out of East Africa. The Ugandan has succeeded in writing herself into global reckoning by telling a completely absorbing and canon-worthy epic. Her creative impulse is compelling, considering her narration of a riveting multi-layered historiography of (B)-Uganda nation in her debut novel, Kintu. With her unique style of story-telling and intelligent use of analepsis and prolepsis to (re)construct spatial and temporal settings of a people’s history, Makumbi succeeds in giving readers an evocative histo

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Büttner, Thea. "The Development of African Historical Studies in East Germany; An Outline And Selected Bibliography." History in Africa 19 (1992): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171997.

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My main concern in this paper is to throw some light on the scope of the problem from the view of the development of African historical studies in East Germany after World War II. It is necessary first to discuss some negative and positive sides of German historical African studies before 1945. For several decades German research has demonstrated a startling lack of interest in the research problems of African history. In connection with the colonial conquests of the European powers, special institutes grew in social anthropology, colonial economics, and geography, although the historical deve

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Renfrew, Colin. "Before Babel: Speculations on the Origins of Linguistic Diversity." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 1, no. 1 (1991): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774300000238.

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Recent research in historical linguistics suggests that groups or ‘families’ of languages may be classed together into larger language units or ‘macrofamilies’, for which some community of origin has been argued. The Afro-Asiatic macrofamily, for instance, which includes the Semitic and Berber languages as well as Ancient Egyptian and many languages of North and East Africa, is widely accepted among linguists. More controversial is the Nostratic macrofamily (including the Indo-European, the Altaic, the Uralic languages, etc.). The implications for prehistoric archaeology of the existence of su

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B, Mupini, Chaputsira S, and Sibanda Bk. "Survey on Speech to Text Modelling for the Shona Language." Survey on Speech to Text Modelling for the Shona Language 9, no. 1 (2024): 4. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10609671.

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Conversion of speech to text (STT) for various applications is of huge interest, which involves technological approaches which are innovative that should be applied to accommodate spoken languages in Africa. However, African countries are falling behind on the embracing of STT technologies, with Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) having been done for popular East African languages. This has always kept transcription at a minimum and has also resulted in a  retard in the use of many African languages on a world- wide scale, with another problem being that a single  African language ma

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Flight, Colin. "The Bantu Expansion and the SOAS Network." History in Africa 15 (1988): 261–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171863.

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One difference between linguists and other Africanists seemed to be that others were prepared to jettison one part of their training to help other disciplines, but linguists apparently would not. Was this so, and if so, why?The Bantu expansion has been a problem for historians ever since the recognition by linguists of a single startling fact. During the nineteenth century, the descriptions of African languages available to scholars in Europe grew steadily in number; they also tended to gain in detail, and in accuracy. It thus became increasingly clear that a sinuous line could be traced acros

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Helmy, M. Ridwan. "Bilingualism In African And Middle East Communities In New York." Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran 4, no. 1 (2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jk.v4i1.903.

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This paper is aimed at arguing chapter 9, 10 and 11 of the book “Bilingual Community Education and Multilingualism: Beyond a Heritage Language in a Global City by Ofelia Garcia, ZeenaZakharia, and BaharOtcu”, published in 2013. Arguing those three chapters, the reviewer explore the issue deeply, give arguments on the strengths and weaknesses of their analysis,and finally, the reviewer takes a conclusion.Examining these chapters, the reviewer identified that in chapter 9, the author showed the issue interestingly. Also, the authors were very good at presenting the issue of heritage language ini

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Alabi, Adesanya M. "The Decline of Indigenous Language in African Literature: A Model of the Yoruba Language." African Research & Documentation 139 (2021): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00023980.

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“African literature has presented a lot of problems especially what is to be considered African literature, in which language it should be written, what it should be about, and who should be considered an African writer“(Ndede, 2016:2). This article discusses the linguistic hegemony of the colonial languages with particular reference to Yoruba. “The Yoruba country lies roughly between latitudes 6° and 9°N and longitudes 2° 30’ and 6° 30’ East. The area spreads across the republics of Benin and Togo. The Yoruba are also found in such places as Sierra Leone, Gambia and across the Atlantic in the

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Hornberger, Nancy H. "Language policy, language education, language rights: Indigenous, immigrant, and international perspectives." Language in Society 27, no. 4 (1998): 439–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500020182.

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ABSTRACTIndigenous languages are under siege, not only in the US but around the world – in danger of disappearing because they are not being transmitted to the next generation. Immigrants and their languages worldwide are similarly subjected to seemingly irresistible social, political, and economic pressures. This article discusses a number of such cases, including Shawandawa from the Brazilian Amazon, Quechua in the South American Andes, the East Indian communities of South Africa, Khmer in Philadelphia, Welsh, Maori, Turkish in the UK, and Native Californian languages. At a time when phrases

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Creissels, Denis. "Predicative possession in Mande languages." Mandenkan 72 (2025): 45–80. https://doi.org/10.4000/13ewl.

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This article discusses the typology of predicative possession in Mande languages and compares the diversity observed in this domain across the Mande language family with that observed elsewhere in the world, in particular in the language families of West Africa that are in contact with the Mande family. Of the two major types of possessive clauses that have been identified in the world’s languages, possessive clauses that can be rendered literally as ‘In.the.sphere.of Possessor (is) Possessee’ are by far the most widespread type in the Mande language family, whereas possessive clauses projecte

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Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. "The Role of Bilingualism in Nilotic Sound Change." Sound Change 9 (January 1, 1994): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.9.07dim.

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Abstract. The Nilotic family, a group of languages spoken in East Africa allows a uniform subgrouping on the basis of Neogrammarian principles of shared innovations. Nevertheless, there is also evidence for wave-like innovations cutting across intragenetic boundaries. For example, the original contrast between implosive and plosive stops, only retained in three Nilotic languages synchronically, must have been lost independently in different subgroups. Interestingly, implosion has been retained as a distinctive feature in Nilotic languages bordering on other languages where this feature also oc

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Bisang, Walter. "Radical analyticity and radical pro-drop scenarios of diachronic change in East and mainland Southeast Asia, West Africa and Pidgins and Creoles." Asian Languages and Linguistics 1, no. 1 (2020): 34–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/alal.00002.bis.

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Abstract The paucity or absence of inflectional morphology (radical analyticity) and the omission of verbal arguments with no concomitant agreement (radical pro-drop) are well-known characteristics of East and mainland Southeast Asian languages (EMSEA). Both of them have a special status in typology and linguistic theory. Radical analyticity is known under the term of ‘morphological isolation’ and has recently been described as ‘diachronically anomalous’ (McWhorter 2016), while radical pro-drop is a theoretical challenge since Rizzi (1986). The present paper offers an alternative view on these

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Vansina, Jan. "Linguistic Evidence for the Introduction of Ironworking into Bantu-Speaking Africa." History in Africa 33 (2006): 321–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2006.0022.

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Did Africans once independently invent the smelting of metals or did they obtain this technology from Europe or the Middle East? This continues to be an unresolved and hotly disputed issue, mainly because the dates for the earliest appearance of smelting in Africa south of the Sahara remain inconclusive. All the earliest sites in Western and West-Central Africa from Walalde in Senegal to the Tigidit cliffs and Termit in Niger, the firki plains south of lake Chad, Taruga, and perhaps Nsukka in Nigeria, Ghwa Kiva (Nigeria), and Doulo (Cameroon) in the Mandara mountains, Gbabiri (Ndio district) i

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Li, Sen, Carina Schlebusch, and Mattias Jakobsson. "Genetic variation reveals large-scale population expansion and migration during the expansion of Bantu-speaking peoples." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1793 (2014): 20141448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1448.

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The majority of sub-Saharan Africans today speak a number of closely related languages collectively referred to as ‘Bantu’ languages. The current distribution of Bantu-speaking populations has been found to largely be a consequence of the movement of people rather than a diffusion of language alone. Linguistic and single marker genetic studies have generated various hypotheses regarding the timing and the routes of the Bantu expansion, but these hypotheses have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we re-analysed microsatellite markers typed for large number of African populations t

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Mazrui, Alamin M., and Ali A. Mazrui. "Dominant Languages in a Plural Society: English and Kiswahili in Post-Colonial East Africa." International Political Science Review 14, no. 3 (1993): 275–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019251219301400305.

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Hyman, Larry M., and Armindo S. A. Ngunga. "Two kinds of moraic nasal in Ciyao." Studies in African Linguistics 26, no. 2 (1997): 131–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v26i2.107391.

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A problematic issue in a number of Bantu languages concerns the phonological analysis of "preconsonantal nasality", i.e., the question of whether NC entities should be analyzed as single prenasalized consonants or as sequences of nasal + (homorganic) consonant. In this paper, the authors examine two kinds of moraic nasal---one syllabic, one not-in Ciyao, a Bantu language spoken in East Africa. They further demonstrate that there is a third type of preconsonantal nasality in Ciyao which is neither moraic nor syllabic.

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Daoudi, Anissa. "Introduction: Narrating and Translating Sexual Violence in Wartime in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region." boundary 2 52, no. 1 (2025): 49–63. https://doi.org/10.1215/01903659-11544605.

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Abstract This article is part of a larger project that explores the phenomenon of sexual violence as a weapon of war in the MENA region. In particular, it demonstrates the “untranslatability” of memories of rape in the Algerian Civil War—that is, both the inability to put into words this experience of trauma and the challenge of translating testimonies from the many languages used in Algeria into Arabic. The importance of translating this issue stems from the multilingual nature of the region, Algeria in particular, and the need to bridge the gap in knowledge between what is published in these

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Bouziane, Abdelmajid, and Fatima Ezzahra Metkal. "Differences in Research Abstracts written in Arabic, French, and English." English Studies at NBU 6, no. 2 (2020): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33919/esnbu.20.2.4.

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The proliferation of publications, mainly the digital ones, makes it necessary to write well-structured abstracts which help readers gauge the relevance of articles and thus attract a wider readership. This article investigates whether abstracts written in three languages, namely Arabic, French and English, follow the same patterns within or across languages. It compares 112 abstracts in the areas of (applied) linguistics. The English abstracts include 36 research article (RA) abstracts from an Arab journal mostly written by non-natives and 10 by native speakers from British universities. Thos

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Myers-Scotton, Carol. "Ali A. Mazrui & Alamin M. Mazrui, The power of Babel: Language and governance in the African experience. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Oxford: James Currey; Kampala: Fountain Publishers; Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers; Cape Town: David Philip, 1998. Pp. xii, 228. Hb $40.00, pb $15.25." Language in Society 29, no. 3 (2000): 446–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500333048.

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To understand this book, a little background information helps. I first encountered Ali Mazrui in 1968–70 when I was the first lecturer in linguistics at Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda; Mazrui, a member of the political science faculty, was already a famous orator, acknowledged by all as possessing “a golden tongue.” Since then, he has gone on to become probably the most famous African studies professor in the United States; he was the presenter of the nine-part BBC/PBS television series The Africans: A triple heritage, and he is the author of many books and articles on Africa. He has

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Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio, Marcial Medina, Valentín Ruíz-del-Valle, et al. "The Saharo-Canarian Circle: The forgotten Prehistory of Euro African Atlantic façade and its lack of eastern demic diffusion evidences." International Journal of Modern Anthropology 2, no. 16 (2021): 586–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijma.v2i16.4.

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Canarians, North Africans and Iberians show a close genetic relatedness. Greeks have a Sub-Saharan gene input according to HLA and other autosomic markers. Also, there is a genetic kinship between both Atlantic Euro Africans and North African/Arabic people. This is concordant with a drying humid Sahara Desert, which may have occurred about 6,000 years BC, and the subsequent northwards emigration of Saharan people may have also happened in Pharaonic times. This genetic input into Atlantic and Mediterranean Europe/Africa is also supported with Lineal Megalithic Scripts in Canary Islands (as well

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Johnson, Laura R., Julie S. Johnson-Pynn, Christopher F. Drescher, Enoch Sackey, and Sophia Assenga. "Predicting Civic Competencies Among East African Youth and Emerging Adults: Report on the Swahili General Self-Efficacy Scale." Emerging Adulthood 7, no. 4 (2018): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167696818768083.

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Self-efficacy has been examined around the world, with research indicating its importance for personal and civic development. The General Self-Efficacy Scale has been translated into 33 languages; however, no African language version has been well established, and research on self-efficacy in the region is rare. A measure of self-efficacy in Swahili, a language widely used in East Africa, could spur research. We describe the development of the Swahili General Self-Efficacy Scale and its psychometric properties with a large, diverse group of Tanzanian youth and emerging adults ( N = 1,409, ages

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Brauer-Benke, József. "Afrikai beszélő dobok." Afrika Tanulmányok / Hungarian Journal of African Studies 14, no. 1-2. (2020): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/at.2020.14.1-2.5.

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An overview of the available historical data regarding the so-called “talking drums” leads to the general conclusion that their most prominent shared feature is their original use for communication. On the grounds of the migrations of various ethnic groups and the comparison of the different types of drums, a likely explanation for the distribution over West Africa of these drums must be sought in the phenomenon of the so-called stimulus diffusion, and the basic idea behind such instruments must originate in the region north of the Sahara; it is also possible that the origin of such instrument

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Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio, Ignacio Juarez, José Palacio-Grüber, Adrián Lopez-Nares, and Fabio Suarez-Trujillo. "The Northern Migrations from a drying Sahara (6,000 years BP): cultural and genetic influence in Greeks, Iberians and other Mediterraneans." International Journal of Modern Anthropology 15, no. 2 (2021): 484–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijma.v15i2.5.

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Greeks have a Sub-Saharan gene input according to HLA and other autosomic markers. Iberians, Canarians, and North Africans show a close genetic relatedness. This is concordant with a drying humid Sahara Desert, which may have occurred about 6,000 years BC, and the subsequent northwards emigration of Saharan people may have also happened in Pharaonic times. Present study confirms this African gene input in Greeks according to 12th HLA International Workshop data, which was studied some years before by us. This genetic input into Atlantic and Mediterranean Europe/Africa is also supported with Li

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Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio, Ignacio Juarez, José Palacio-Grüber, Adrián Lopez-Nares, and Fabio Suarez-Trujillo. "The Northern Migrations from a drying Sahara (6,000 years BP): cultural and genetic influence in Greeks, Iberians and other Mediterraneans." International Journal of Modern Anthropology 2, no. 15 (2021): 484–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijma.v2i15.5.

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Greeks have a Sub-Saharan gene input according to HLA and other autosomic markers. Iberians, Canarians, and North Africans show a close genetic relatedness. This is concordant with a drying humid Sahara Desert, which may have occurred about 6,000 years BC, and the subsequent northwards emigration of Saharan people may have also happened in Pharaonic times. Present study confirms this African gene input in Greeks according to 12th HLA International Workshop data, which was studied some years before by us. This genetic input into Atlantic and Mediterranean Europe/Africa is also supported with Li

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Seržant, Ilja A. "Cyclic changes in verbal person-number indexes are unlikely." Folia Linguistica 55, s42-s1 (2021): 49–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flin-2021-2014.

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Abstract This paper discusses the emergence and demise of verbal person-number indexes on the basis of a sample of 310 languages. First, qualitative evidence is provided to show that there are different ways in which indexes may emerge, and that independent anaphoric pronouns are not the only possible source. Second, quantitative evidence is provided against the claim that indexes tend to demise via phonological attrition in the course of time. A considerable degree of demise is not a universally likely process, but rather a major restructuring process that requires additional – areal – trigge

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Naudé, J. A., C. L. Miller-Naudé, and J. O. Obono. "Semiotics of alterity and the cultural dimensions of Bible translation." Acta Theologica 43, no. 2 (2023): 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.38140/at.v43i2.7536.

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Translated sacred writings from various religious traditions often retain a few selected cultural terms borrowed from the incipient sign system, while other cultural dimensions are translated in ways that can broadly be construed as domestication. By contrast, many Bible translation agencies eschew translation strategies in which cultural terms are borrowed, advocating in stead for wholesale domestication. In this article, we develop a theoretical framework for representing the alterity, but not the foreignness, of the Bible in translation. Alterity involves the incipient sign system, namely t

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Hashim, Azirah, Gerhard Leitner, and Mohammed Al Aqad. "Arabic in contact with English in Asia." English Today 33, no. 1 (2016): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078416000377.

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Arabic has a long history of contact with languages outside the Middle East (Lapidus, 2015; Beg, 1979). In Asia, the spread of Arabic began with the trade network that connected the Middle East with South Asia, South-East, East Asia and East Africa from the fifth century. It intensified with the rise of Islam from the seventh century onwards (Morgan & Reid, 2010; Azirah & Leitner, 2016). In this paper we investigate the impact of Arabic on today's English in the context of Asian Englishes. More specifically we ask if the contact of Arabic with English in Asia has led to the creation of

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Citino, Nathan J. "Between Global and Regional Narratives." International Journal of Middle East Studies 43, no. 2 (2011): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743811000080.

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The expansion of U.S. power across the Middle East has led to a convergence between what had previously been distinct historical fields. As U.S. foreign relations scholars turn their attention toward the Middle East and as Middle East historians address the implications of American imperialism, both groups have produced new research on the Cold War era. Since 2001, Rashid Khalidi, Juan R. I. Cole, and Ussama Makdisi have reexamined American foreign policy during the Cold War to understand the antecedents of current events. With the evolution of U.S. diplomatic history into a more cosmopolitan

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Reichel, Isabella K., Grace Ademola-Sokoya, Mehdi Bakhtiar, et al. "Frontiers of Cluttering Across Continents: Research, Clinical Practices, Self-Help, and Professional Preparation." Perspectives on Global Issues in Communication Sciences and Related Disorders 4, no. 2 (2014): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/gics4.2.42.

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This article features contributions of 15 young and experienced researchers and clinicians from 12 countries from Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, South America, and North America. The growing fascination with cluttering continues to spread around the world, in a spirit of being open-minded to the ideas of colleagues from different cultures, languages, and streams of thought. The following topics discussed are believed to be of interest to consumers, practitioners, and researchers: conceptual and theoretical aspects of cluttering, awareness, and understanding of cluttering across

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Lane-Toomey, Cara. "Government Factors Influencing an Expansion of Study Abroad in the Middle East/North Africa." Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 24, no. 1 (2014): 121–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v24i1.340.

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Since the late 1950s, both the U.S. government and the general population have acknowledged an immediate need for a deepening of U.S. American knowledge of the people, languages, and culture of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Particularly in the fallout of the events of September 11, 2001, one means for U.S. undergraduates have expanded their understanding of this region has been through participation in Study Abroad (study abroad) programs. Despite the large amount of research on outcomes and educational approaches used in study abroad in general, there is little literature which add

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Addaquay, Alfred Patrick. "Sounding Identity: A Technical Analysis of Singing Styles in the Traditional Music of Sub-Saharan Africa." Arts 14, no. 3 (2025): 68. https://doi.org/10.3390/arts14030068.

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This article presents an in-depth examination of the technical and cultural dimensions of singing practices within the traditional music of sub-Saharan Africa. Utilizing an extensive body of theoretical and ethnomusicological research, comparative transcription, and culturally situated observation, it presents a comprehensive framework for understanding the significance of the human voice in various performance contexts. The study revolves around a tripartite model—auditory clarity, ambiguous auditory clarity, and occlusion—that delineates the varying levels of audibility of vocal lines amidst

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Kaaya, Janet, and Kelley Wolfe Bachli. "Uncovering UCLA Library Special Collections Information Resources for Researchers: The Pre-Independence Socio-political Landscape in Zanzibar from the Michael Lofchie Collection." African Research & Documentation 109 (2009): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00016484.

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After more than four decades of obscurity, a collection of historical African newspapers and other materials is now being made widely accessible to researchers due to the efforts of Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) Postdoctoral Fellow Janet Kaaya and the Center for Primary Research and Training in the Charles E. Young Research Library, Department of Special Collections, at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). The Michael Lofchie Collection contains primarily pre-independence newspapers and other materials from Zanzibar, a Tanzanian island in the Indian Ocean off

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Kaaya, Janet, and Kelley Wolfe Bachli. "Uncovering UCLA Library Special Collections Information Resources for Researchers: The Pre-Independence Socio-political Landscape in Zanzibar from the Michael Lofchie Collection." African Research & Documentation 109 (2009): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00016484.

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After more than four decades of obscurity, a collection of historical African newspapers and other materials is now being made widely accessible to researchers due to the efforts of Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) Postdoctoral Fellow Janet Kaaya and the Center for Primary Research and Training in the Charles E. Young Research Library, Department of Special Collections, at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). The Michael Lofchie Collection contains primarily pre-independence newspapers and other materials from Zanzibar, a Tanzanian island in the Indian Ocean off

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Makulilo, Prisca Boniphace. "Morphological Productivity and Lexical Innovation in Swahili: Digital Communication and Language Transformation in Social Media Spaces." Language, Technology, and Social Media 3, no. 2 (2025): 231–49. https://doi.org/10.70211/ltsm.v3i2.176.

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Swahili, as a major lingua franca in East Africa, is undergoing significant transformation through digital communication, particularly on social media platforms. This study explores the morphological and lexical innovations emerging in digital Swahili, with a focus on affixation, compounding, and reduplication. Employing a qualitative approach, the research draws data from 150 social media posts, interviews, and group discussions involving 15 Swahili speakers from urban and rural contexts. The findings reveal increased morphological productivity, with speakers integrating foreign lexical items

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