Academic literature on the topic 'Africa, Economic integration'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Africa, Economic integration.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Africa, Economic integration"
1
Enaifoghe, Andrew O., and Toyin C. Adetiba. "South African Economic Development in SADC Sub-Regional Integration." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 1(J) (March 15, 2018): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i1(j).2097.
Full textAbstract:
Following the end of colonialism in the Southern African sub-region, the SADC has experienced a thorough rearrangement with South Africa as the front-runner as opposed to her pre-1994 stance on integration. African regional cooperation has nevertheless been revitalised in some ways as a result of the two major events which started in the beginning of the 1990s that include the abolition of the apartheid regime in South Africa, and the eventual stabilisation of both political and economic relationships in the Southern Africa sub-region. This study employs the use of content analyses to assess the position of South Africa investments in SADC. Through the use ofregional integration, the studyfurther examined various South Africa’s Key Economy Performance since 1994 which are the main contributing factors to South African economic growth; furthermore it looks at her material, commodity and political investment in the subregional integration process to determine if it serves as the strategy for National Economic Development for South Africa.The paper find out thatregardless of South Africa’s economic clout within the SADC region, its Foreign Direct Investment is predominantly from its investment and market penetration of Southern Africa region while maintaining constant economic growth.
2
Bilas, Vlatka. "United Africa: realistic or not?" Oeconomica Jadertina 10, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/oec.3053.
Full textAbstract:
There is a proliferation trend of a number of regional economic integrations in the world, as well as their deepening. This global trend spilled over in Africa, where the creation and deepening of regional economic integrations with the ultimate objective/goal of establishing one continental integration is considered a development imperative. A single market of 1.3 billion people can make a difference, from the aspect of trade, productivity, competitiveness, creation of new jobs and higher living standard. This paper aims to provide an overview and discuss challenges and perspectives of the development of regional integrations in Africa with special emphasis on eight regional economic communities recognized as building blocks of the African Union. Accordingly, the contribution of the paper is twofold. First, it gives an overview of the main features of regional economic integration of Africa and the performance of eight regional economic communities. Second, it identifies the main challenges and gains of regional economic integration processes in Africa and offers recommendations for further successful regional integration processes in Africa.
3
Naudé, Willem, and Waldo Krugell. "Global integration of Africa versus regional integration in Africa." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2001): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v4i3.2659.
Full textAbstract:
Proposals and schemes for regional integration have abounded in postindependence Africa, often with disappointing results. Recently there has been a revival of interest in African economic integration. Unlike in the past, regional integration is now motivated as a way to open up African economies. This paper assesses whether regional integration amongst African states is the best way to achieve open economies. The conclusion is that regional integration between African states may be of limited value, apart from possibly contributing to better co-ordination of sound macro-economic policies. Instead, integration between African countries and higher-income regions, such as Euroland, may be a preferred strategy.
4
Adom, Assandé Désiré, Subhash C. Sharma, and A. K. M. Mahbub Morshed. "Economic integration in Africa." Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 50, no. 3 (August 2010): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2010.02.005.
Full text
5
Djeghar, Aicha. "An economic project of regional integration in Africa." RUDN Journal of Economics 31, no. 2 (December 15, 2023): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2023-31-2-197-210.
Full textAbstract:
According to the latter’s 2022 report, foreign direct investment (FDI) to Africa reached $83 billion in 2021. This increase is due to the proportion of 45 % of the total linked to an intra-company financial transaction in South Africa. In reality, the global integration of Africa does not. Average global economic growth over the past twenty years has not exceeded 2.5 % (UNCTAD 2020). In the continent, globalization continues to be combined with a multitude of cooperation agreements and monetary unions. Globalization is seen as a process where Africa is a rich passive periphery in the hands of the powerful. The African Union recognizes that the plans it has developed have not achieved the expected objectives (Rapport UA 2020). Africa is still not integrated into the global economy. Underdevelopment continues to proliferate in the continent. Faced with this observation, a question arises: how then to boost the economic integration of Africa? This research aims to demonstrate the importance of reviving local development projects, because global integration must first go through African regional integration supported by African states themselves. There are strategic projects of development that could boost Africa’s development. This research aims to express the importance of the trans-Saharan road project in Algeria for regional integration. The method adopted is the descriptive one. We highlight the local riches of the country. The potentialities described in this intervention, constitute a part of the optimal economic environment of the trans-Saharan road. The project starts from the Mediterranean Sea crosses all the Algerian and then Nigerien territory to the Atlantic could be the stimulator that will boost African trade. In the economy of the 21st century, “The Trans-Saharan Highway” project is an opportunity for African and foreign investors to position themselves strategically and then concretize the regional and global integration of Africa.
6
Kravchenko, Mariia. "Integration associations for Sub-Saharan Africa: history and prospects for development." Bulletin of Mariupol State University. Series: History. Political Studies 10, no. 28-29 (2020): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2830-2020-10-28-29-52-62.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the main integration associations of such a promising but controversial region, as Sub-Saharan Africa. The author emphasizes the continuity of regional integration associations’ formation that goes back to the colonial times, to the first half of the 20th century. Periodization of ongoing integration processes in Sub-Saharan Africa is proposed in the research. Key milestones for the further regional integration were: - 1963, the foundation of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU); and the beginning of Independence for many postcolonial countries of Sub-Saharan Africa; - 1980, the Lagos Plan of Action adoption that led to the establishment in future of the following integration associations for Sub-Saharan Africa: ECOWAS, Economic Community of West African States; COMESA, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa; ECCAS, Economic Community of Central African States; - 1991, the signing of the Abuja Treaty, which called for the African Economic Community creation as the new stage for economic cooperation and integration of the continent, including Sub-Saharan Africa; - 1999-2002, the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) transition into the African Union (AU), launching of new partnerships and integration associations for Sub-Saharan Africa, increased integration. At the beginning of the 21st century, there are serious economic and political factors for disintegration in the region. Nevertheless, the following integration associations, as stated in the article, proved to be effective: SADC, Southern African Development Community; EAC, East African Community; COMESA, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa. The author argues that the existence since 2015 the Tripartite Free Trade Area (TFTA) between EAC, COMESA and SADC marks a significant step forward for strengthening of integration associations for Sub-Saharan Africa, as well as for the achievement of African Union’s purpose to provide the African Continental Free Trade Area.
7
Jiboku, Peace A. "The Challenge of Regional Economic Integration in Africa: Theory and Reality." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v3i4.96.
Full textAbstract:
Africa has a high concentration of sub-regional economic organisations, multilateral arrangements and institutions promoting the goals of integration. Yet, the continent has remained the least integrated of the world’s major regions. Africa has remained slow in its development trajectory and harbours most of the least developed countries of the world. A large percentage of the African populace is mired in poverty while the sub-continent continues to be marginalised in global affairs. The obvious reality is that Africa is yet to benefit fully from the gains of regional economic integration and that the economic transformation of the African continent as a whole – one of the main objectives often declared in establishing regional economic integration schemes – is yet to be realised. There is, in Africa, a seemingly wide gap between the theoretical aspirations towards regional economic integration and the empirical evidence and practical reality of actual integration. Regionalism in Africa raises several issues of contradictions and debate in the world <br />of theory. This paper examines regional economic integration challenge in Africa locating key issues within theory and practice.
8
Enaifoghe, Andrew O., and Toyin C. Adetiba. "South African Economic Development in SADC Sub-Regional Integration." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i1.2097.
Full textAbstract:
Following the end of colonialism in the Southern African sub-region, the SADC has experienced a thorough rearrangement with South Africa as the front-runner as opposed to her pre-1994 stance on integration. African regional cooperation has nevertheless been revitalised in some ways as a result of the two major events which started in the beginning of the 1990s that include the abolition of the apartheid regime in South Africa, and the eventual stabilisation of both political and economic relationships in the Southern Africa sub-region. This study employs the use of content analyses to assess the position of South Africa investments in SADC. Through the use ofregional integration, the studyfurther examined various South Africa’s Key Economy Performance since 1994 which are the main contributing factors to South African economic growth; furthermore it looks at her material, commodity and political investment in the subregional integration process to determine if it serves as the strategy for National Economic Development for South Africa.The paper find out thatregardless of South Africa’s economic clout within the SADC region, its Foreign Direct Investment is predominantly from its investment and market penetration of Southern Africa region while maintaining constant economic growth.
9
Shitov, V. "Economic Integration in Central Africa." Энергия: экономика, техника, экология, no. 7 (2018): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s023336190000352-3.
Full text
10
Tuluy, Hasan. "Regional Economic Integration in Africa." Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies 8, no. 3 (September 2016): 334–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974910116677790.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Africa, Economic integration"
1
Chowthee, Nishi Lalmanie. "Regional economic integration in Africa : the importance of regional economic communities." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/932.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since independence in the early 1950's, Africa's overall economic performance compared very unfavourably with those of other regions of the developing world mainly because it attained political independence as a fragmented continent. From this time, the vision of African leaders has been that of regional integration and the creation of the African common market. The vision of a common market which unites Africa's mostly small and fragmented economies would lead to economies of scale, thereby making African countries more competitive. That vision however, has been clouded by the devastation of war, both civil and territorial and corruption which drains the state. Therefore, the importance of regional economic integration is pertinent and more so, the role of Regional Economic Communities as integrative institutions. The African Union, the main institution for political, economic and social integration established the African Economic Community whose main role is to facilitate the regional economic integration process in Africa. Africa's RECs have been designated by the Abuja Treaty as the building blocks for integration and the eventual creation of an African Economic Community. The Abuja Treaty and the Constitutive Act of the African Union provides for the coordination and harmonization of the policies of the Regional Economic Communities. One of the main challenges confronting Africa in its quest for full integration is the rationalisation of regional economic communities. The RECs with their treaties, protocols and agendas are logical institutions to jumpstart Africa's integration. The African Union recognises eight Regional Economic Communities, but the African continent has fourteen inter-governmental organizations (IGOs), all of which are working on regional integration issues. The RECs have had some successes but have not met their objectives of greater production. The RECs need to be revived and the first thing would be to rationalise their structure and their interactions with national governments. Rationalisation has benefits and costs and rationalisation efforts should focus on efficiency and effectiveness. Ultimately, rationalisation would allow Africa to attain the full benefits of integration, particularly growth for trade within and outside Africa. Regional Economic Communities are viewed as pillars of continental integration by the African Union. The strategy of economic emancipation must denote economic development for all African people including grass roots level and there is no doubt that significant challenges exist and must be addressed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die onafhanlikheid in die vroeë 1950's het die oorgrote ekonomiese groei van Afrika goed vergelyk met die ander onwikkelende streke in die wêreld grotendeels as gevolg van die gefragmenteerde onafhanklikheidswording in Afika as geheel. Vir die eerste keer was die visie van Afrika leiers dit eens dat Afrika streke as een moet integreer asook die daarstelling van een gemeenskaplike mark. Hierdie visie is egter vertroebel deur die verwoesting van oorloë, beide siviel en territoriaal, asook korrupsie, wat 'n staat dreineer. Daarom is die belangrikheid van streeks ekonomiese integrasie steeds belangrik, en nog meer so, die rol van Streeks Ekonomiese Gemeenskappe (REC's) as integrerende instelling. Die Afrika Unie, die hoof instelling vir politieke, ekonomiese en sosiale integrasie het die Afrika Ekonomiese Gemeenskap, wie se hoof taak dit is om die streeks ekonomiese integrasie te fasiliteer, gestig. Afrika se Streeks Ekonomiese Gemeenskappe is aangewys deur die Abuja Verdrag, om as die bouers van integrasie op te tree, met die uiteindelike daarstelling van 'n Afrika Ekonomiese Gemeenskap. Die Abuja Verdrag en die Konstutiewe Wet van die Afrika Unie maak voorsiening vir die koordinasie in ooreenstemming met die beleidsrigting van die Streeks Ekonomiese Gemeenskappe. Een van die hoof uitdagings wat Afrika in die gesig staar, met die soektog na volle integrasie, is die rasionalisasie van streeks ekonomiese gemeenskappe. Die Streeks Ekonomiese Gemeenskappe met hulle verdrae, protokol en agendas is die logiese instelling om die integrasie van Afrika 'n hupstoot te gee. Die Afrika Unie erken agt Streeks Ekonomiese Gemeenskappe maar die Afrika kontinent het veertien inter-regerings organisasies (IGO's) wat almal werk aan streeks integrasie kwessies. Die Streeks Ekonomiese Gemeenskappe het 'n sekere mate van sukses behaal, maar het nog nie hulle geteikende groter produksie bereik nie. Die Streeks Ekonomiese Gemeenskappe moet opnuut herleef word en die eerste stap sou wees om te rasionaliseer oor hulle struktuur en die interaksie met nasionale regerings. Rasionalisering het voordele en kostes en pogings behoort te fokus op doeltreffendheid en effektiwiteit. Die uiteinde van rasionalisering sal Afrika die volle voordele van integrasie, veral t.o.v handelsgroei binne en buite Afrika, ervaar. Streeks Ekonomiese Gemeenskappe word beskou, deur die Afrika Unie, as die pilare van kontinentale intergrasie. Die strategie van ekonomiese emansipasie moet 'n aanduiding wees vir ekonomiese ontwikkeling vir al die mense van Afrika, ook op grondvlak, en daar is geen twyfel dat beduidende uitdagings bestaan en dat dit moet aangespreek word.
2
Chingambo, Chanda Lloyd John. "Destabilisation and SADCC : the politics and economics of economic integration." Thesis, University of Kent, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278088.
Full text
3
Letsatsi, Paseka C. "The impact of regional integration in Africa: the case of South Africa and Botswana." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010176.
Full textAbstract:
Regional integration can refer to the trade unification between different states by partial or full abolition of customs tariffs on trade taking place within the borders of each state. This is meant in turn to lead to lower prices for distributors and consumers (as no customs duties are paid within the integrated area) and the goal is to increase trade. (Economic integration,1950, p66) According to Mattli (1999, p.42), the analysis of the first problem takes the decision to adopt an integration treaty as a given, and is primarily concerned with identifying the condition under which the process of integration is likely to succeed or to fail. Implementation of an agreement by heads of states to tie the economies of their countries closer together entails a lengthy process of establishing common roles, regulations, and policies that are either based on specific treaty provisions or derived from general principles and objectives written into the integration agreement. Regional integration can be applied for varying forms of economic co-ordination or co-operation amongst different neighbouring states, there will however always be different political agendas in the process. If there is a treaty amongst member states, this treaty has to be enforced or it may result in the development of differences. “In order to address national priorities through regional action most member states had been allocated the responsibility of co-ordinating one or more sectors. This involved proposing sector policies, strategies and priorities, and processing projects for inclusion in the sectoral programme, monitoring progress and reporting to the council of Ministers”. (Department of International Relations & Co-operation, Republic of South Africa). Richard Baldwin, Daniel Cohen, Andre Sapir and Anthony Venables argue that, using the same basic model as Bond and Sypropoulos (1996a), they consider trigger strategies such that initially there is inter-bloc free trade supported by the threat of perpetual trade war if any party breaks the agreement. Regional integration can be understood as the process of providing common rules, regulation, and policies for a region. Regional integration is defined as a process that allows member states to have access to each other’s markets on a voluntary basis and at various degrees. Economic, political, social and cultural benefits are realised from this interaction. (Lee MC, 1999, p30) Regional integration can be seen as co-operation in a broader context but can also be an important framework, through programmes within each regional bloc. According to (Keet ,2005,p22) since the birth of democratic South Africa, regional co-operation is also seen – in addition to the broader African aims-to be an important framework, through programmes within the Southern African Development Community (SADC), within which to address the gross imbalances created both within and between the economies of the region. Regional integration has become a way of assisting the emerging economies to be able to use their proximity to align their economies with the core for economic development. According to (Hamdok, 1998, p34) the effective implementation of regional integration is founded on an enabling environment that promotes accountability, transparency and respect for the rule of law. Also a strong institutional framework at the regional and national levels is fundamental to streamline regional agreements into national policies. In addition, the establishment of effective transnational implementation tools provide opportunities to push reforms conducive to good governance at the regional level. A clear demonstration of this can be observed in effective? legal systems and the need for a regional framework and related judicial institutions to provide an improved regional environment for private development. Integration always provides space for member states to assist in the development of other member states and which have a common economic approach to development. This is done in order to ensure that there are incentives for all member states as compared to those who are outside the bloc. As evidenced in the case of Europe, economic integration helps create a homogenous space and, to some extent, equalises living conditions and if all other regional blocs follow this process the benefit becomes greater. These appear to be prerequisites for a dialogue on the harmonisation of political stands. Indeed, an economic space that is physically integrated; where goods and services move speedily and smoothly; where, besides, the mobility of factors (manpower, capital, energy and inputs) are not subjected to hindrances; where, finally, microeconomic policies are harmonised, is likely to offer equal opportunities to all. Such a high degree of economic integration is not sustainable without a policy dialogue on issues that, at first, may not fall squarely under the rubrics of economic field; peace and security, defense, diplomacy etc. (Blayo N, 1998, P.5) The process of regional co-operation within the Southern African Development Community (SADC) started in in 1980 through the formation of the Co-ordinating Conference which was later changed to SADC IN 1992. Even though it is clear that the South African government played a dominant role because of its apartheid policies, the basic condition was to start the process of integration and open the process of economic co-operation within the region. The Governments of the Republic of South Africa, the Republic of Botswana, the Kingdom of Lesotho and the Kingdom of Swaziland- being desirous of maintaining the free interchange of goods between their countries and of applying the same tariffs and trade regulations to goods imported from outside the common customs area as hereinafter defined; “Recognising that the Customs Agreement on 29 June 1910 as amended from time to time , requires modification to provide for the continuance of the customs union arrangements in the changed circumstances on a basis designed to ensure the continued economic development of the customs union area as a whole, and to ensure in particular that these arrangements encourage the development of the less advanced members of the customs union and the diversification of their economies, and afford to all parties equitable benefits arising from trade among themselves and other countries”.(Government Notice, R 3914,p1). Even though there’s an acknowledgement that under the difficult conditions during apartheid, there was a need for the region to develop a common approach towards development and sustainable growth in the Southern African region. All countries in the region had to co-operate for long term sustainable economic growth, peace and security. “In 1980, the Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference (SADCC) was established with the major objectives of decreasing economic dependence on the apartheid regime and fostering regional development. The strategy adopted for meeting these objectives was regional development and co-operation. In 1992 SADCC was reborn, as the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The member states decided the time had come to move the region towards the creation of one regional market”. (Lee MC, 1999, p1) “Through the establishment of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) the Southern African region has managed under difficult conditions of economic inequalities to standardise the trade links amongst member states, although there is still more to be done in the region to achieve shared goals of development. The Southern African Customs Union (SACU) links the trade, regimes of Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland.
4
Obuah, Emmanuel Ezi. "Regional economic integration in Africa : the role of transnational corporations in the economic community of West African states." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318499.
Full text
5
Marong, Alhagi. "Economic integration and foreign direct investment in West Africa." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ44066.pdf.
Full text
6
Marong, Alhagi. "Economic integration and foreign direct investment in West Africa." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20540.
Full textAbstract:
Economic integration and foreign direct investment were adopted by developing countries particularly in Africa, as strategies for economic development. For these countries, economic integration became not only a tariff issue, but a strategy for development; hence the term "developmental regionalism". This thesis is a study of the concept of developmental regionalism in West Africa. It concentrates on the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), which was formed in 1975.It is argued that as a strategy for development, the ECOWAS integration effort was inadequate because of undue reliance on tariff reductions--- so called "negative integration" measures. It is suggested that to facilitate a more cohesive integration program, countries in the region ought to adopt positive integration measures in the form of common policies on money and payments, industrialization and most significantly, a common policy on investments.
With respect to investment regulation, it is my argument that because liberalization of investment laws at the national level failed to attract the desired flow of foreign investment to the region, ECOWAS Member States ought to harmonize their regulatory framework with a view to ultimately adopting a single legal regime for international investment.
As a framework for analysis, I adopt the criteria of economic efficiency. This is a cost/benefit analysis of the transformations that occur as the result of contractual transactions. Where the costs to the parties exceed or are likely to exceed the benefits of the transaction, it is said to be inefficient. Using these criteria, I argue that in order to inject a level of fairness in investor/host state relations, and to avoid the costs of FDI to host societies exceeding the gains therefrom, international law ought to make binding prescriptions to govern corporate conduct. Based on this reasoning, I suggest a framework for improving the investment climate in West Africa.
7
Banyen, Kannyiri Thadious. "Financial integration, bank performance and economic growth in Africa." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30401.
Full textAbstract:
The finance-growth literature identifies financial integration as a vital catalyst for driving the growth performance of both nascent and advanced economies. Financial integration is viewed as a process by which technology and capital is mobilized and efficiently distributed across national borders to enhance consumption, investments and output growth. However, the benefits of financial integration for economic growth are not unanimous and sometimes evade even the most advanced economies. To promote economic growth, financial integration is required to stimulate competition and efficiency in domestic banking markets without eroding bank profitability or stability. Understanding the effects of deeper financial integration on the conduct and performance of banks and economic growth therefore forms the central theme of this thesis. The study employs several panel data estimation methods to test these hypotheses using data from 405 banks across 47 African countries over the period 2007-2014 and compares the results for five sub-regional markets. The findings reveal that deeper financial integration has significant positive effects on overall bank profitability in Africa. Specifically, the study finds that financial freedom and cross-border banking enhance bank profitability in Africa and across the regional economic communities. The study finds that higher operating cost in the 2007-2014 period reduced bank return on assets but increased overall bank profitability. This reflects the need for banks in underdeveloped banking markets to increase their diversification, expansion and advertising costs in periods of integration and rising competition to ensure overall profitability. The study also finds a direct negative relationship between deeper financial integration and competition changes on bank stability. However, the findings support a U-shaped relationship between competition and bank stability, suggesting that beyond certain thresholds, higher competition will induce greater stability in Africa‘s banking markets. This study, therefore, identifies deficiency of competitiveness as a fundamental variable hindering emerging markets from enjoying the stability benefits of financial integration. Quality regulation and control of corruption are also identified as vital factors for improving bank stability in Africa. The study further shows that financial integration enhances competition, efficiency and bank lending behavior in Africa, resulting in banking convergence in Africa and the regional economic communities. In examining the causal nexus between competition and bank efficiency, the results support the quiet-life hypothesis in Africa, especially in the EAC and reject the quiet-life hypothesis in the AMU and ECCAS sub-regions. The study further finds evidence of the efficient-structure hypothesis in Africa, especially in the AMU and SADC sub-regions. Also, though the study finds no significant nexus between financial integration, bank lending and economic growth in Africa, the evidence supports the feedback hypothesis in the EAC while the supply-leading hypothesis is supported in the AMU, ECCAS and ECOWAS sub-regions. Also, while a positive causal nexus from financial integration to economic growth exist in the AMU sub-region, this relationship is negative in the ECCAS sub-region. Overall, the results suggest that the effect of financial integration on bank performance and economic growth vary significantly across the regional economic communities of Africa. It is, therefore, imperative for bank managers, regulators and policy makers to pursue tailored interventions for each regional economic community while exploiting opportunities for inter-REC collaborations and peer-learning for Africa‘s gross integration and growth.
8
Ngarhodjim, Nadjita Francis. "Sub-regional integration and democratisation in Africa : critically analysing the approach of the ECOWAS in West Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1155.
Full textAbstract:
"After their independence, African countries undertook to establish sub-regional organisations in order to join their efforts towards improving the living standard of their populations. Primarily vested with economic objectives, these sub-regional organisations, aware that economic development cannot be attained withouth peace, security and political stability, are more and more involved with political issues, especially since the 'democratic wind' of the early 1990s. It is therefore interesting to study how sub-regional integration as an external factor affects democracy domestically, that is to contemplate to what extent this sub-regional integration is contributing to the strengthening of democracy in Africa, and to research ways of enhancing this contribution. ... The study is structured into four main chapters. The introductory chapter contains the research design. The second chapter is devoted to an overview of sub-regional integration. It examines the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), but without losing sight of other groupings. The third chapter analyses the way the ECOWAS is dealing with the issue of democratic consolidation. It is interested in the question of whether the ECOWAS has an express policy and whether it has set standards as regards democratic consolidation in West Africa and, if so, how effective this policy and these standards have been so far. The fourth chapter is devoted to summary, conclusion and recommendations." -- Introduction.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2005.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
9
Chigombe, Courage. "New Economic Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) and Africa's quest for regional economic integration: the case of Southern African Development Community (SADC)." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2072.
Full textAbstract:
Despite according high priority to regional economic integration and being clustered by regional economic schemes, Africa’s regional economic integration record is not inspiring. With the transformation of the OAU to the African Union (AU), the New Partnership for Africa`s Development (NEPAD) was adopted as the development program of the continent to drive the impetus of economic integration through trade. At the time NEPAD was adopted, regional integration schemes in Africa were facing problems of low intra-regional trade levels despite trade being identified as the engine of activity and economic growth for regional economic integration. The study was centered on Southern Africa with precise attention on SADC. Even though trade is accepted as a vital engine of economic growth and development, this is not the case with SADC. The study was looking at the contribution of NEPAD in intra-regional trade in Africa with special focus on SADC. This was prompted by the fact that regional integration is business as usual within the sub region while problems that have been confronting regional schemes are continuing unabated after the adoption of NEPAD. The study used the historical approach because it provides the study with an advantage of accessing existing literature with regards to what is really stalling intra-regional trade in SADC. The study findings noted that NEPAD has not fully addressed the problems of intra-regional trade within SADC and the continent at large. The study lastly concludes by giving a way forward for NEPAD to respond to the specific needs of SADC for the promotion of intra-regional and equitable trade.
10
Jones, Basil Morris. "Growth, convergence and economic integration in West Africa : the case of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)." Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342964.
Full textBooks on the topic "Africa, Economic integration"
1
Bank, African Development. Economic integration in Southern Africa. [Abidjan]: African Development Bank, 1993.
Find full text
2
Mangachi, Msuya Waldi. Regional integration in Africa: East African experience. Ibadan, Nigeria: Safari Books Ltd., 2011.
Find full text
3
Seck, Diery, ed. Regional Economic Integration in West Africa. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01282-7.
Full text
4
Mangeni, Francis. Obstacles to economic integration in Africa. Nairobi: ActionAid International, Africa Region Office, 2004.
Find full text
5
A, Ndongko Wilfred, ed. Economic cooperation and integration in Africa. Dakar, Senegal: Codesria, 1985.
Find full text
6
E, Leistner G. M., Esterhuysen Pieter, and Africa Institute of South Africa., eds. South Africa in southern Africa: Economic interaction. Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa, 1988.
Find full text
7
United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa. and African Union, eds. Assessing regional integration in Africa 2008: Towards monetary and financial integration in Africa. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Economic Commission for Africa, 2008.
Find full text
8
United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa. and African Union, eds. Assessing regional integration in Africa 2008: Towards monetary and financial integration in Africa. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Economic Commission for Africa, 2008.
Find full text
9
United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa. and African Union, eds. Assessing regional integration in Africa 2008: Towards monetary and financial integration in Africa. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Economic Commission for Africa, 2008.
Find full text
10
Ibrahim Ali Gar El Nabi. Economic integration in Africa: A critical assessment. Khartoum, Sudan: Khartoum University Press, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Africa, Economic integration"
1
Robson, Peter. "Integration in Sub-Saharan Africa." In Economic Integration Worldwide, 348–67. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25462-0_14.
Full text
2
Kimbugwe, Kato, Nicholas Perdikis, May T. Yeung, and William A. Kerr. "Regional Integration in Africa." In Economic Development Through Regional Trade, 32–75. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230369924_3.
Full text
3
Kuada, John. "Regionalization and Economic Integration." In Private Enterprise-Led Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa, 206–14. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137534453_16.
Full text
4
Farah Hersi, Mohamed, and Adeoye O. Akinola. "IGAD’s Role in Economic Integration." In IGAD and Multilateral Security in the Horn of Africa, 143–78. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51548-4_7.
Full text
5
Seck, Diery. "Economic Distance and Regional Integration in Africa." In Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, 3–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46482-0_1.
Full text
6
Oloruntoba, Samuel O. "Economic Partnership Agreements and the Non-Oil Exports in Nigeria." In Regionalism and Integration in Africa, 123–45. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56867-0_7.
Full text
7
Oloruntoba, Samuel O. "Regionalism or Multilateralism: Building National Competitiveness for Economic Development in Africa." In Regionalism and Integration in Africa, 189–98. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56867-0_10.
Full text
8
Oloruntoba, Samuel O. "Economic Partnership Agreements and Their Implications on Macroeconomic Developments in Nigeria." In Regionalism and Integration in Africa, 107–22. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56867-0_6.
Full text
9
Fall, Falilou, Blandine Vachon, and Cosimo Winckler. "Regional Integration: Comparison Between SADC and ECOWAS." In Regional Economic Integration in West Africa, 213–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01282-7_9.
Full text
10
Seck, Diery, and Amie Gaye. "The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Arab States and Sub-Saharan Africa: An Agenda for Growth-Inducing Collaboration." In Regional Economic Integration in West Africa, 3–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01282-7_1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Africa, Economic integration"
1
Saleh, Maryam Tijjani. "Mini-Grids: Empowering Africa’s Sustainable Energy Transition." In Africa International Conference on Clean Energy and Energy Storage. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-n8cveu.
Full textAbstract:
The African continent is at the forefront of a transformative energy transition, driven by the urgent need for sustainable and accessible electricity solutions. The role of mini-grids emerges as a transformative solution to power rural and underserved communities. This paper delves into the role of mini-grids in catalyzing Africa's sustainable energy transition. Drawing on extensive research and case studies, this study explores Mini-grids, localized and decentralized electricity systems with immense promise for enhancing energy access, promoting renewable energy adoption, and fostering economic development across diverse African communities and the current landscape of mini-grids deployment in Africa. In this context, the paper highlights the critical importance of mini-grids in extending electricity services to remote and underserved regions, thereby empowering marginalized populations and advancing social equity. By integrating renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, into mini-grid architectures, African countries can significantly reduce carbon emissions and contribute to global climate goals. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes the socio-economic impact of mini-grids by increasing the potential for job creation, local entrepreneurship, and sustainable livelihoods. It underscores how mini-grids serve as engines of economic growth, enabling productive activities and fostering community resilience. As Africa seeks to unlock its clean energy potential, this paper underscores the significance of mini-grids in building resilient and decentralized energy systems. It explores how mini-grids complement existing energy infrastructure, enhancing grid resilience and strengthening energy security in the face of climate change and other external disruptions. This study aims to inspire robust discussions and informed actions that accelerate the integration of mini-grids into Africa's evolving energy landscape.
2
Vildanov, R. "Global Integration And Business Risks In Africa." In II International Conference on Economic and Social Trends for Sustainability of Modern Society. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.09.02.60.
Full text
3
Ugwu, Alvin U. "LOCATING EVIDENCES OF EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION CURRICULAR: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NIGERIAN AND SOUTH AFRICA." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education (BalticSTE2017). Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2017.133.
Full textAbstract:
This research explores the integration of Education for Sustainable Development in the Science and Technology School Curriculum Documents of the Sub-Saharan African giant nations (Nigeria and South Africa) through a comparative analysis. The paper supports that Sustainable Development is a key in a present-day Science and Technology school curricula, given the global economic, social, cultural and environmental imperatives. The study suggests that science and technology curriculum should be a critical transformative tool towards integrating and fostering Sustainable Development in developing countries. Keywords: education for sustainable development, sustainable development, Sub-Saharan Africa.
4
Umarov, Khodjamahmad. "National Interests and Eurasian Economic Integration." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01167.
Full textAbstract:
Integration processes, both on global and on regional levels faced serious barriers. Research of these barriers shows that they are connected with irreversible nature of integration processes. The last 30 years behind some exceptions these processions consisted an essence of economic globalization and regionalization trends. Economic integration was focused on realization of small group of oligarchs and the state bureaucrats’ interests. Such orientation with inevitability brought into an impasse which can be explained as the serious crisis phenomenon. In the report the assessment of influence of interests on economic integration is given. Only national interests can appear as influential socio-economic factor of integration processes development. The fullest implementation of national interests directs integration processes on the way of creation of necessary vital conditions for the vast majority of the population. It is, especially, important for the Euroasian space where labor segments of the population occupy the main part of the population and where inertia of the Soviet system is still felt in the economy sphere. Very important is the question of conceptual bases of the Euroasian economic integration. Latter is based on ideology of neoliberal economic school. Development of integration processes in line with a certain neoliberal theory can lead to structural degradation of economy, to transformation of economy of the countries of EuroSEC in mineral and raw appendage of the developed countries. The same situation possible to see in other economic unions of Asia, Africa and Latin America countries.
5
Alhassan, Tijani Forgor. "The impact of financial integration on financing innovative development in Sub-Saharan Africa." In Proceedings of the 1st International Scientific Conference "Modern Management Trends and the Digital Economy: from Regional Development to Global Economic Growth" (MTDE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mtde-19.2019.29.
Full text
6
Luwes, Nicolaas, Lawrence Meda, and James Swart. "Academic and Student Perceptions on the Intergation of HIV and AIDS education in an Electrical Engineering Curriculum at a South African University of Technology." In HEAd'16 - International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head16.2016.2618.
Full textAbstract:
South Africa has the largest number of people living with HIV and AIDS in the world. A concerted effort is needed to address this epidemic, lest a socio-economic crisis may cripple the country. Education may be the most powerful weapon in this regard, with universities playing a critical role in addressing this concern. In 2015, a funding program was initiated by Universities South Africa to facilitate this integration. Subsequently, the Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering at a South African University of Technology set out to re-design their curricula to include vital aspects relating to HIV and AIDS. A responsive driven curriculum design was adopted whereby the perceptions and expectations of facilitators and students in this department towards HIV and AIDS education were sought. An online open-ended questionnaire was used to gather both qualitative and quantitative results. This paper presents the initial findings of this study. A key recommendation of this study is to develop a digital online module addressing advanced HIV and AIDS education with special focu on its application in the workplace.
7
Witte, Jan, Daniel Trümpy, Jürgen Meßner, and Hans Georg Babies. "Petroleum Potential of Rift Basins in Northern Somalia – A Fresh Look." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2573746-ms.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Several wells have encountered good oil shows in the rift basins of northern Somalia, however, without finding commercial hydrocarbons to date. It is widely accepted that these basins have a similar tectonic evolution and a comparable sedimentary fill as the highly productive rift basins in Yemen from which they have been separated by the opening of the Gulf of Aden (fully established in Mid Oligocene). We present new regional tectonic maps, new basement outcrop maps, a new structural transect and new play maps, specifically for the Odewayne, Nogal, Daroor and Socotra Basins. Digital terrain data, satellite images, surface geology maps (varying scales), oil seep/slick maps, potential data (gravity), well data from ~50 wells and data from scientific publications were compiled into a regional GIS-database, so that different data categories could be spatially analyzed. To set the tectonic framework, the outlines of the basins under investigation were re-mapped, paying particular attention to crystalline basement outcrops. A set of play maps was established. We recognize at least three source rocks, five reservoirs and at least three regional seals to be present in the area (not all continuously present). Numerous oil seeps are documented, particularly in the Nogal and Odewayne Basins, indicative of ongoing migration or re-migration. Data from exploration wells seem to further support the presence of active petroleum systems, especially in the central Nogal, western Nogal and central Daroor Basins. Our GIS-based data integration confirms that significant hydrocarbon potential remains in the established rift basins, such as the Nogal and Daroor Basins. Additionally, there are a number of less known satellite basins (on and offshore) which can be mapped out and that remain completely undrilled. All of these basins have to be considered frontier basins, due to their poorly understood geology, remoteness, marketing issues and missing oil infrastructure, making the economic risks significant. However, we believe that through acquisition of new seismic data, geochemical analysis, basin modelling and, ultimately, exploration drilling these risks can be mitigated to a point where the economic risks become acceptable. We encourage explorers to conduct regional basin analysis, data integration, a GIS-based approach and modern structural geology concepts to tackle key issues, such as trap architecture, structural timing, migration pathways and breaching risks.
8
Elaiw, A. M., X. Xia, and A. M. Shehata. "Solving dynamic economic emission dispatch problem with valve-point effects using hybrid DE-SQP." In 2012 IEEE Power & Energy Society Conference and Exposition in Africa: Intelligent Grid Integration of Renewable Energy Resources (PowerAfrica 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powerafrica.2012.6498646.
Full text
9
Poalelungi, Olga. "Integrarea străinilor în Republica Moldova. Între provocări și necesități." In International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cdr.v.2023.17.23.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines issues related to the integration of foreigners in the Republic of Moldova. Reforms, visa liberalization, and the conclusion of bilateral agreements on migration and/or social protection of migrants have made the country attractive for immigration not only from traditional CIS countries but also from Asia, Africa, and North America. As a result, greater attention needs to be paid to the cultural and socio-economic integration policies of immigrants in the Republic of Moldova. This article provides an overview of existing forms of immigrant integration (assimilation, multiculturalism, social and economic integration), analyzes the dynamics and key characteristics of immigration flows into the country over the last three decades, and offers a brief overview of national policies in this area. The article provides a brief overview of the situation of immigrants in the country and the level of their integration, addressing issues such as education and knowledge of the state language, immigrants' access to the national education and healthcare systems, and their employment/economic activities. The effectiveness of the policies implemented is also discussed, including the conditions and opportunities for immigrants to obtain Moldovan citizenship, their relationship with the local population, and mechanisms to prevent discrimination based on ethnic or cultural characteristics. Additionally, the article examines the socio-economic and demographic conditions for the development of a national integration policy in the context of the implementation of European directives as part of the Association Agreement and the country's status as a candidate for EU membership. The analysis shows that despite the positive national policy being implemented, there is a need for modernizing existing approaches to the integration of foreigners.
10
Чепик, Виктор. "Немецкий подход к идее европейской интеграции после Первой и Второй мировых войн." In Россия — Германия в образовательном, научном и культурном диалоге. Конкорд, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37490/de2021/027.
Full textAbstract:
The appearance of Soviet Russia in the international arena in 1917 was one, but not the only factor that contributed to the further development of the idea of European integration. German supporters of the unification of Europe after the First World War were attracted by the economic and political aspects of the European idea, in the development of which they themselves took an active part. In particular, it was proposed to create a pan-European economic zone, which included as an "indispensable complement" the "joint economic exploitation of pan-European colonies", most of which were in Africa. The German Foreign Ministry, headed by G. Stresemann, supported the project of a federal union of Europe. After the Second World War, the supporters of European integration in Germany, which was divided into occupation zones, hoped with the help of membership in the proposed European Federal Union to solve a number of national tasks, the main of which was the reunification of Germany.
Reports on the topic "Africa, Economic integration"
1
Fix, Jedediah, and Masud Rahman, eds. Host Communities and Refugees in the East and Horn of Africa and the Great Lakes. Joint Data Center on Forced Displacement, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47053/jdc.080524.
Full textAbstract:
This JDC Digest explores the impacts of forced displacement on host communities in the EHAGL region, as well as opportunities to facilitate opportunities for refugees and other forcibly displaced persons through mobility, assistance and inclusion into national services. Our review unveils how refugee presence can spur development and enhance service infrastructure while reshaping local labor dynamics. Central to our findings is the crucial role of refugee self-reliance and mobility in fostering economic and social integration. However, the review also underscores the need for further research, particularly regarding the inclusion of refugees into national systems and the specific challenges facing returnees and internally displaced persons (IDPs). Offering a comprehensive view, this Digest aims to inform balanced policy decisions in the region.
2
Villoria, Nelson B. Estimation of Missing Intra-African Trade. GTAP Research Memoranda, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.rm12.
Full textAbstract:
Missing trade is defined as the exports and imports that may have taken place between two potential trading partners, but which are unknown to the researcher because neither partner reported them to the United Nation’s COMTRADE, the official global repository of trade statistics. In a comprehensive sample of African countries, over 40% of the potential trade flows fit this definition. For a continent whose trade integration remains an important avenue for development, this lack of information hinders the analysis of policy mechanisms -- such as the Economic Partnership Agreements with the EU -- that influence intra-regional trade patterns. This paper estimates the likely magnitude of the missing trade by modeling the manufacturing trade data in the GTAP Data Base using a gravity approach. The gravity approach employed here relates bilateral trade to country size, distance, and other trade costs while explicitly considering that high fixed costs can totally inhibit trade. This last feature provides an adequate framework to explain the numerous zero-valued flows that characterize intra-African trade. The predicted missing exports are valued at approximately 300 million USD. The incidence of missing trade is highest in the lowest income countries of Central and West Africa.
3
Mokgware, Pius D. Southern African Development Community (SADC): Towards Economic Integration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404763.
Full text
4
Charmes, Jacques. Designing Surveys and Analysing Results from a Gender Perspective in Economic Research. Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2022.009.
Full textAbstract:
This document provides guidance on the integration of gender and diversity considerations into applied research in economics focusing on countries in which the informal sector is predominant. It draws inspiration from the support given to the West African research centres involved in researching solutions to the socioeconomic challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, particularly the livelihoods of vulnerable groups and the informal sector. The document was written with the assistance of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and is intended to be a guide to applied research. Section 1 sets out the principal orientations of gender analyses. Section 2 examines how, in practice, considerations of gender and diversity are integrated into the design and formulation of statistical and qualitative surveys, and into their descriptive and logistic analyses. Section 3 contains a brief compilation of the resources available on gender, the informal economy, and the Covid-19 pandemic.
5
Lodge, Junior, and Jan Yves. The Promise of a Recalibrated Caribbean-European Union Partnership. Fundación Carolina, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtff03en.
Full textAbstract:
The Caribbean and the European Union (EU) have been enjoined in a formal bi-regional relationship since the signing of the Lomé Convention in 1975, and are firm proponents of multilateralism, strong advocates of regional integration, democracy and rule of law, and reflect vibrant multi-ethnic and multilingual polities. The bi-regional relationship has evolved considerably over the intervening 45 years, and is reflected in formal agreements between the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) States and the EU, and in the sphere of economic cooperation, has been strengthened with the signing of the Cariforum-EU Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) in 2008. The EU also remains a significant source of development cooperation for the Caribbean, complemented by a sui generis project management regime that includes multi-annual programming. Beyond this, the bi-regional ties have expanded into new areas of joint multilateral endeavour such as the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. Despite the long and formal engagement, the Cariforum-EU partnership has not engendered either deep understanding of, or universal support in, each other’s conduct of multilateral negotiations. To the contrary, the partnership displays regular flashes of unease and arguably low-level tension. This paper seeks to assess the Caribbean-EU partnership in terms of its contribution of bi-regional trade and economic cooperation to Caribbean development, and possibilities for a renewed partnership considering new impulses shaping the Cariforum-EU relationship, including the post-Cotonou Agreement, Brexit, EU-LAC Political Dialogue and COVID-19 responses. A Cariforum-EU development agenda to fuel post-pandemic Caribbean recovery is mooted with the additional value of harnessing the promise of the revised partnership.
6
Integration of socio-economic impact into the development of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) in South Africa. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/04438223-en.
Full text
7
Demand for and cost-effectiveness of integrating RTI/HIV services with clinic-based family planning services in Zimbabwe. Population Council, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1999.1021.
Full textAbstract:
The current spread of HIV/AIDS poses a major threat to individual lives and national economies in many sub-Saharan African countries. The region also has some of the highest levels of other reproductive tract infections (RTIs) in the world. Some of these RTIs increase the risk of sexual transmission of HIV infection. Thus, the control of RTIs is seen not only as an important reproductive health care strategy to alleviate symptoms of infection and long-term gynecological, obstetric, and neonatal complications, but also as a key strategy in reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS. As a result, all national health care programs in the region are actively seeking cost-effective ways of implementing an RTI management program that would reduce the spread of RTIs and ultimately HIV. Although there are many reasons to support an integrated approach to service delivery, many unanswered questions remain concerning its implementation, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness. In 1998, the Africa OR/TA II Project and the Zimbabwe National Family Planning Council (ZNFPC) undertook a study to assist the ZNFPC in developing the most appropriate and cost-effective approach to managing RTIs in its clinics. Findings from the study are presented in this report.
8
African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.
Full textAbstract:
This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.
9
Assessing the potential demand for and effectiveness of integrating STI/HIV management services with Zimbabwe National Family Planning Council's clinic-based family planning services. Population Council, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1999.1004.
Full textAbstract:
HIV/AIDS is a threat to individual lives and the national economies of many sub-Saharan African countries, despite efforts to contain its spread. The region also suffers from high levels of other reproductive tract infections (RTIs), some of which increase the risk of sexual transmission of HIV. The control of RTIs is therefore seen not only as an important reproductive health care strategy, but as a key strategy in reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS. Most national health care programs in the region are actively seeking cost-effective ways of implementing an RTI management program that would reduce and prevent RTIs and HIV. To date, most emphasis has been placed on managing RTI/HIV within high-risk groups, but many programs are now trying to reach a bigger proportion of the at-risk population through integrating RTI/HIV management services into existing maternal and child health/family planning (MCH/FP) programs. As noted in this baseline survey report, a variety of methods were used to collect and synthesize information that could be used in developing an appropriate and cost-effective approach to the integration of RTI/HIV within FP services.
10
Advancing Forest Landscape Restoration in the Tropics: Experiences and Lessons for Socio-Ecological Resilience and Empowerment of Women in ITTO Projects. United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53326/cgjy6327.
Full textAbstract:
Landscape restoration, a holistic strategy addressing land degradation, intertwines ecological, economic, and social aspects. This study delves into Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) as a means to rejuvenate degraded forest landscapes and improve human well-being. Analysing 14 ITTO-funded FLR projects across Asia-Pacific, Africa, and South America, the research assesses FLR principles' application, spotlighting design, implementation, and outcomes. While projects embraced a landscape perspective, integrating diverse stakeholders, challenges persisted. Poverty-driven resource exploitation, inadequate enforcement of environmental laws, capacity gaps, stakeholder disputes, rural migration, and limited resources hindered FLR effectiveness. The study advocates consultative processes, emphasising stakeholder engagement and mapping socio-ecological intricacies. Trust-building, consensus formation, and identifying context-specific issues are crucial. Addressing marginalisation, especially concerning women and youth, demands attention, urging equitable FLR practices. The research underscores transdisciplinary approaches, multi-stakeholder dialogues, and integrating FLR principles into forestry policies. Capacity development initiatives, including peer learning and social learning tools, are pivotal. Embedding equity, notably gender-sensitive plans, in policies is imperative for successful FLR implementation. This comprehensive analysis illuminates the path towards sustainable FLR initiatives, fostering socio-ecological resilience. By bridging gaps and embracing inclusivity, FLR can truly become a catalyst for positive change, aligning human needs with ecological restoration efforts.