Relevant bibliographies by topics / Africa United States

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Africa United States'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Africa United States"

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Glazewski, Jan. "South Africa/United States." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 29, no. 1 (March 19, 2014): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718085-12341302.

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Martin, Guy. "Dream of Unity: From the United States of Africa to the Federation of African States." African and Asian Studies 12, no. 3 (2013): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341261.

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Abstract The Pan-Africanists leaders’ dream of unity was deferred in favor of the gradualist/functionalist perspective embodied in a weak and loosely-structured Organization of African Unity (OAU) created on 25 May 1963 in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia). This article analyses the reasons for this failure, namely: the reluctance of newly-independent African leaders to abandon their newly-won sovereignty in favor of a broader political unity; suspicion on the part of many African leaders that Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana intended to become the super-president of a united Africa; and divide and rule strategies on the part of major Western powers (including the United States and France) meant to sabotage any attempt at African unity. The African Union which, on 26 May 2001, formally replaced the OAU, is also bound to fail because it is modeled on the European Union. The article then briefly surveys proposals for a re-configuration of the African states and a revision of the political map of Africa put forth by various authors, namely: Cheikh Anta Diop’s Federal African State; Marc-Louis Ropivia’s geopolitics of African regional integration; Makau wa Mutua’s and Arthur Gakwandi’s new political maps of Africa; Joseph Ki-Zerbo’s Federal African State; Daniel Osabu-Kle’s United States of Africa; Godfrey Mwakikagile’s African Federal Government; and Pelle Danabo’s pan-African Federal State. The article concludes with an overview of Mueni wa Muiu’s Fundi wa Afrika paradigm advocating the creation of a Federation of African States (FAS) based on five sub-regional states with a federal capital (Napata) and a rotating presidency, eventually leading to total political and economic integration.
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"UNITED STATES OF AFRICA? AFRICAN UNION LAUNCHES ALL-AFRICA PASSPORT." Indonesian Journal of International Law 13, no. 2 (January 2, 2016): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol13.2.653.

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Mills, Greg. "South Africa, the United States and Africa." South African Journal of International Affairs 6, no. 1 (June 1998): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10220469809545237.

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Wiley, David S. "The United States Congress and Africanist Scholars." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 19, no. 2 (1991): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700501279.

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Linking scholars to the Congress is difficult primarily because of the weakness of Congressional interest in Africa, but also due to the low levels of interest among academics in both Congress and its Africa foreign policy and the poor resources of African studies in the U.S. to build a foundation of knowledge useful to the Congress.
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Rich, Paul. "United States containment policy, South Africa and the apartheid dilemma." Review of International Studies 14, no. 3 (July 1988): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500113257.

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Since the early 1970s, South Africa has become an increasingly important issue within US foreign policy after a long period of benign neglect. For a considerable part of the post-war period, US decision-makers felt it possible to avoid a direct confrontation with the moral and ethical issues involved in the South African government's policy of apartheid; the relative geographical isolation of the country from many central theatres of East–West conflict in central Europe, the Middle East and South East Asia ensured that South Africa was not in the front line of strategically vital states. Furthermore, South Africa's membership of the Commonwealth until 1960 meant that, for many US policy makers, South Africa could be seen as an issue within Commonwealth relations and thus not one for direct US involvement.
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Segal, Aaron. "The United States and South Africa: Human Investment." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 16, no. 1 (1987): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700008878.

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The impassioned debate between those who support sanctions in order to bring about change in South Africa and those who favor “constructive engagement” misses the point. Each side assumes that the problem is to exercise U.S. leverage and pressure on the South African government. It is not. Instead the opportunity is for the U.S. to assist in human investment to help South Africans to acquire the education, skills and training to build their own future. Pressure may or may not contribute to the South African government changing its policies and practices. Investment in human resources has a more reliable payoff in terms of individuals capable of participating in building a new South Africa.
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Joseph, James A. "UNITED STATES—SOUTH AFRICA RELATION." African Security Review 6, no. 3 (January 1997): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10246029.1997.9627718.

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Aubrey, Lisa Asili. "African Americans in the United States and African Studies." African Issues 30, no. 2 (2002): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500006442.

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That there is a strong historical intellectual tradition of African Americans studying Africa is news to some. That there remains a demand among African Americans in the United States to study Africa is also a surprise. That these ideas are challenging to some is ludicrous to others. For many African Americans in African studies, affirming our engagement with Africa over and over is not only a nuisance but also a waste of precious time and intellectual energy. After countless efforts, many African Americans have simply disengaged, refusing to have these futile conversations. Others bear witness in perpetuity to the defense of Black nationality and global Pan-Africanism for themselves, the race, and the enlightenment of disbelievers. Both groups act with calculated rationality, yet denials of African Americans’ interest in, engagement with, and effect on African studies abound. The denial within the community of scholars comes mostly from White Americans but also from continental Africans and other African Americans.
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Obraztsova, Margarita. "Economic relations between the United States and South Africa." Russia and America in the 21st Century, no. 2 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207054760015880-5.

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The article analyses the role of the South African mining sector in the development of long-term relations between the United States and South Africa. Largely with the help of American investments the South African mining industry was formed. Thereby America provided its firms with access to South Africa’s rich resource potential. The increasing dependence of the United States on those types of minerals that are of strategic importance for its defense industry makes relations with South Africa a priority. Therefore, US policy is primarily aimed at ensuring the access of American companies to the South African market.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Africa United States"

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Udezulu, Ifeyinwa E. "Imperialism or realism: United States and West Africa." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1988. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1339.

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The purpose of the thesis is to utilize the realist-neorealist paradigm to analyze the United States policy objectives in West Africa, comparably to other African regions. The basic premise of the realist paradigm purports that states are unitary actors and they act to protect their national interest. Through a critical analysis of secondary data, my findings clearly point to the fact that the former colonial powers, Britain and France are the major actors in West Africa not the United States. The United States policy strategy centers solely on the crisis areas of other regions, the Horn, Central Africa and Southern Africa. This is because of the power struggle between the super powers and because these areas are endowed with vast mineral resources. The Nigerian oil and Chadian conflict with Libya are the only two areas of U.S. interest in West Africa.
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Spaven, Paul F. "A US Air Force strategy for Africa /." Maxwell AFB, Ala. : School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 2008. https://www.afresearch.org/skins/rims/display.aspx?moduleid=be0e99f3-fc56-4ccb-8dfe-670c0822a153&mode=user&action=downloadpaper&objectid=b150a2ed-53f8-4dfa-8521-41f9c1869e56&rs=PublishedSearch.

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Matanji, Frankline Bradly. "Framing the Chinese Investment in Africa: Media Coverage in Africa, China, United Kingdom, and the United States." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1562652784093464.

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Higgin, Hannah Nicole. "Disseminating American ideals in Africa, 1949-1969." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709221.

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Nwaubani, Chidiebere Augustus. "The United States and decolonization in West Africa, 1950-1960." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ27802.pdf.

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Sujee, Zain Jadewin. "Anti-money laundering framework in South Africa the United States and the United Kingdom." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60100.

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Given the fact that money laundering can serve to create a smokescreen for financing of various activities that not only are criminal in nature but that can also threaten lives and can sweep across borders it has been recognised globally that mechanisms have to be put in place to prevent money laundering as a conduit for criminal activity. An effective AML framework is thus not only necessary but is essential for South Africa to combat money laundering. This study investigates whether the AML framework in South Africa is sufficient in combating money laundering. In addition, it seeks to address the shortcomings of the AML framework in South Africa, highlight certain areas for improvement in comparison to the UK AML framework and reveals the need for further incorporation of the global AML framework into the AML framework in South Africa. The UK has adopted a progressive stance towards combating money laundering which pre-dates the measures introduced by the international community. It has implemented all the international legal AML instruments emanating from the UN and EU and in many instances, its provisions have exceeded the international benchmarks. South Africa is a country that is highly susceptible to money laundering as a result of its financial system being the major financial center in the African region and it is clear that South Africa will need to rely on the available international expertise in money laundering from countries such as the UK. Ultimately this study illustrates that it is essential for South Africa to critically examine its AML framework and address remaining deficiencies to bring it in line with the global AML framework. In addition, South Africa needs to adopt an aggressive stance towards money laundering and go beyond the international standards and implement and formulate its own legislation which is tailored towards its own unique challenges. South Africa further needs to increase available resources and institutional and structural capacity in order to combat money laundering and ultimately seek solutions to overcome the challenges it faces as a developing country.
Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Mercantile Law
LLM
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Ukiru, Judi Minage. "Acculturation experience of Africa immigrants in the United States of American." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2127.

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The conclusions extracted from this research project show that little research has been done on social issues presented by the African immigrant to America. Those charged with public welfare research and intervention must develop tools and strategies necessary to assess the needs of African immigrants, to facilitate their improved adjustment to their environment. African immigrants in the United States can benefit from similar research designs and resources accorded to the Latino and Asian populations.
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Reed, Joel Christian. "Hiv/aids workplace interventions in south africa and the united states." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001117.

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Walker, Robin E. "Securitization : the case of post-9/11 United States Africa policy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9234.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-127).
In the wake of AI Qaeda's attack against the United States on September 11, 2001, Africa has gained strategic significance due to the belief that its weak states are a danger to American national security. US Africa policy is now centered on the logic that weak African governments unable to provide for the basic needs of their people and lacking full control of their borders provide both a breeding ground and safe-haven for terrorist organizations. Africa has thus gone from being a marginalized humanitarian concern in the 1990s, to a continent of strategic significance in the US War on Terror (USW01) in the wake of the attacks on the World Trade Center, as seen in the fact that American aid to the continent has more than tripled in the years following 9/11. The purpose of this thesis is to critically analyze the political process behind this shift in policy in order to address the question of who was responsible for this change in US Africa policy and how did they make the change happen. This study takes the form of a theoretical case study, using the Copenhagen School's Securitization Theory, designed to identify the means by which an issue is placed on the national security agenda, to address this change in post-9/11 US Africa policy. In accordance with this theoretical framework, primary sources from government and non-government agencies including policy statements, speeches and legislative testimonies are surveyed to identify instances of the claim being articulated that Africa represents a threat to American national security and its legitimation and reiteration by an audience. This study finds that the unified executive branch under the Bush administration and Washington think tanks made the unified claim that the condition of Africa is a threat to US national security and the legislative branch served as the singular audience, legitimating this claim and appropriating dramatically increased and enhanced aid to the continent. The factors of political agency and context are offered as additions to the Securitization Theory framework in this study, and their incorporation in this case determines that the high-level of the agency of the securitizing actors and audience facilitated the legitimation process, as did the use of the contextual factors of the trauma of9/11 and the American identity as promoters of democratic ideals. These additional factors underscore both the political power of the actors involved and the techniques they use to support their claims, thereby developing the political quality of the theory and providing a more complete representation of the securitization process.
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Null, Christopher R. "The Barbary Wars ideology and politics in post-revolutionary America /." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008m/null.christopher.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Africa United States"

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In the United States of Africa. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2009.

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Jalloh, Alusine, and Toyin Falola, eds. The United States and West Africa. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell and Brewer Limited, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/upo9781580467513.

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Historical dictionary of United States-Africa relations. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press, 2009.

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United States. Dept. of State. Office of Public Communication., ed. Sub-Saharan Africa and the United States. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public Communication, 1991.

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Magyar, Karl P., ed. United States Interests and Policies in Africa. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62316-7.

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Newsum, H. E., and Olayiwola Abegunrin. United States Foreign Policy Towards Southern Africa. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07514-0.

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The United States in Africa: A historical dictionary. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

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United States foreign policy towards sub-Saharan Africa. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1985.

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United States. Agency for International Development. Bureau for Africa. USAID/Africa. Washington, DC: USIAD, 2003.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Joint task force: Africa. New York: Berkley Books, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Africa United States"

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Copson, Raymond W. "Central Africa: Initiatives Deferred." In United States Interests and Policies in Africa, 71–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62316-7_4.

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Asante, Molefi Kete. "Toward a United States of Africa without Compromise." In The History of Africa, 387–426. 3rd edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315168166-23.

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Kent, John. "The United States and the Decolonization of Black Africa, 1945–63." In The United States and Decolonization, 168–87. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977958_9.

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Magyar, Karl P. "Southern Africa: US Relations in Transition." In United States Interests and Policies in Africa, 139–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62316-7_6.

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Newsum, H. E., and Olayiwola Abegunrin. "Southern Africa and the Reagan Administration." In United States Foreign Policy Towards Southern Africa, 89–102. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07514-0_5.

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Newsum, H. E., and Olayiwola Abegunrin. "Nigeria, South Africa and the US Connection: Myth and the Western-Proclaimed ‘Giant of Africa’." In United States Foreign Policy Towards Southern Africa, 72–88. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07514-0_4.

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Gasbarri, Flavia. "The United States in Southern Africa, 1988–1994." In US Foreign Policy and the End of the Cold War in Africa, 71–128. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Cold War history: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003018209-4.

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Adebajo, Adekeye. "Africa and the United States: A History of Malign Neglect." In Africa and the World, 27–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62590-4_2.

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Yakan, Mohamad Z. "The United States and North Africa: Sustained Strategic Interests." In United States Interests and Policies in Africa, 15–44. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62316-7_2.

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Newsum, H. E., and Olayiwola Abegunrin. "The Carter Administration’s Policy in Southern Africa, 1977–80." In United States Foreign Policy Towards Southern Africa, 62–71. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07514-0_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Africa United States"

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Allison, Edith. "United States Experience Regulating Unconventional Oil and Gas Development." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2573582-ms.

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ABSTRACT In the midst of aggressive anti-drilling campaigns by environmental organizations and well-publicized complaints by citizens unaccustomed to oil and gas operations, rigorous studies of unconventional oil and gas development show that there are no widespread or systemic impacts on drinking water resources in the United States. In addition, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions have significantly declined with the growth in natural gas production and its use in power generation. Furthermore, induced seismicity from subsurface waste disposal has plummeted in response to industry initiatives and new regulations. This record of environmental protection reflects the fact that U.S. hydraulic fracturing, like other oil and gas operations, is highly regulated by the states. In addition, air emissions, operations on federal lands, and subsurface injection are subject to federal regulation. Academic and government researchers have documented that chemicals and gas produced by hydraulic fracturing are not contaminating drinking water. However, as an added complication, methane occurs naturally in drinking water aquifers in some producing areas. In 2015, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) completed a four-year study of potential aquifer contamination from hydraulic fracturing and associated industry operations. The report found some impacts on drinking water including contamination of drinking water wells; however, the number of cases was small compared to the number of wells hydraulically fractured. The scientific peer-review and public critique of the study, which continues after more than a year, may recommend additional research. The emotionally charged, anti-fracking campaigns provided important lessons to U.S. operators: pre-drilling, baseline data on water and air quality are essential to answering public concerns; infrastructure issues such as increased truck traffic on small, local roads are important to residents; and the initial failure to disclose the composition of hydraulic fracturing fluid intensified public concern.
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"Perspectives on Historically Marginalized Doctoral Students in the United States and South Africa." In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4210.

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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the International Journal of Doctoral Studies, Volume 14] Aim/Purpose: This work expands discussions on the application of cultural frameworks on research in doctoral education in the United States and South Africa. There is an emphasis on identifying and reinterpreting the doctoral process where racial and cultural aspects have been marginalized by way of legacies of exclusions in both contexts. An underlying premise of this work is to support representation of marginalized students within the context of higher education internationalization. Background: Decades of reporting provide evidence of statistical portraits on degree attainment. Yet, some large-scale reporting does not include representation of historically marginalized groups until the 1970’s in the United States, and the 2000’s for South Africa. With the growth of internationalization in higher education, examination of the impact of marginalization serves to support representation of diversity-focused discussions in the development of regional international education organizations, multilateral networks, and cross-collaborative teaching and research projects. Methodology: Qualitative research synthesis of literature focused on a dimensional framework of diversity provides a basis for this discussion paper regarding the potential of Sankofa as a cultural framework for examining the historically marginalized doctoral experience in the United States and South Africa. Contribution: A major contribution of this work offers critical questions on the use of cultural frameworks in doctoral education in the US and South Africa and broader dynamics of higher education internationalization. Findings: Sankofa reveals critical insight for reinterpretation of the doctoral process through comparison of perspectives on the historically marginalized doctoral experience in the United States and South Africa. They include consideration of the social developments leading to the current predicament of marginalization for students; awareness of the different reporting strategies of data; implementation of cultural frameworks to broaden the focus on how to understand student experiences; and, an understanding of the differences in student-faculty relationships. Recommendations for Practitioners: Recommendations for practitioners highlight the application of cultural frameworks in the development and implementation of practical strategies in the support of historically marginalized doctoral students. Recommendations for Researchers: Recommendations for researchers consider the application of cultural frameworks in the development of scholarship supporting historically marginalized doctoral students within a global context. Impact on Society: Intended outcomes for this work include increasing awareness about historically marginalized doctoral students. Recommendations are focused on improving their academic and career experiences in the United States and South Africa with global implications for this student population. Future Research: Future research should consider the application of cultural frameworks when examining the historically marginalized doctoral experience within global, national, and local contexts.
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Ejeta, Messele Zewdie. "A Tale of Hydrological Extremes from the West Coast United States to East Africa." In World Environmental And Water Resources Congress 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412312.174.

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Murphy, Jessica, Busisiwe Alant, and Jasmine Keys. "TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION STUDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES AND SOUTH AFRICA: PROGRAM PERCEPTION AND CAREER PREPARATION." In International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2016.2030.

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Onuoha, K. Mosto, and Chidozie I. Dim. "Prospects and Challenges of Developing Unconventional Petroleum Resources in the Anambra Inland Basin of Nigeria." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2571791-ms.

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ABSTRACT The boom in the development of unconventional petroleum resources, particularly shale gas in the United States of America during the last decade has had far reaching implications for energy markets across the world and particularly for Nigeria, a country that traditionally has been Africa’s leading crude oil producer and exporter. The Cretaceous Anambra Basin is currently the only inland basin in Nigeria where the existence of commercial quantities of oil and gas has been proven (outside the Tertiary Niger Delta Basin). The possibility of similarly finding commercially viable resources of unconventional petroleum resources in the basin appears quite attractive on the basis of the existence of seepages of shale oil and presence of coal-bed methane in some of the coal seams of the Mamu Formation (Lower Coal Measures) in the basin. This paper presents the results of our preliminary assessment of the shale oil and gas resources of the Anambra Basin. Our main objective is to locate the zones of very high quality plays within the basin, focusing on their depositional environments (whether marine or non-marine), areal extent of the target shale formations, gross shale intervals, total organic content, and thermal maturity. Data on the total organic content (TOC %, by weight) and thermal maturity of shales from different wells in the basin show that many of the shales have high TOCs (i.e greater than 2%) comparable to known shale gas and shale oil plays globally. Shale oil seepages are known to occur around Lokpanta in south-eastern Nigeria, but there is a general predominance of gas-prone facies in our inland basins indicating good prospects for finding unconventional petroleum in this and other Nigerian inland sedimentary basins. The main challenge to the exploration of unconventional resources in Nigeria today has to do with the absence of the enabling laws and regulatory framework governing their exploration and subsequent exploitation. The revised Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB) currently under consideration in the National Assembly is expected to introduce drastic and lasting changes in the way the petroleum industry business is conducted in the country, but all the provisions of the draft law pertain mainly to conventional oil and gas resources.
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Vilaplana Prieto, Cristina. "Teaching experience: Inequalities in prices of drugs to fight against COVID-19." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12549.

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As the Sars-CoV2 pandemic continues to grow, researchers around the world are urgently seeking new treatments to prevent infection, cure those infected, or lessen the severity of the disease. Although there are several recently approved vaccines, clinical trials are underway to "re-use" drugs normally indicated for other diseases. This teaching experience studies the market for 8 pharmaceutical products used to fight the pandemic (remdesivir, favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, sofosbuvir, pyrfenidone and tocilizumab) in 13 countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, France, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, South Africa, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States). Through the analysis of prices and costs, we reflect on the difficulty of access to treatment according to the country.The objective is to deepen knowledge of the pharmaceutical market: (i) to demonstrate in a tangible way the differences between production costs and final prices of medicines, (ii) to perceive the difficulty of access to certain treatments depending on the country, (iii) to reflect on what initiatives should be implemented in an international emergency context such as the one we are experiencing.
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Kender, Walter J. "Citrus Canker: Impacts of Research on Eradication and Control." In ASME 1986 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec1986-3204.

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Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease (CBCD), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri, occurs in many citrus areas of the world. It has been reported in 40 different countries, on 5 continents (Asia, South Africa, Australia, South America and North America). Prior to the 1984 outbreak in Florida, the 4 known strains of the bacterium were A, B, C and Mexican bacterioses. Canker-A or Strain-A, endemic in Asia, was reported in China, India and Java in the early 1800’s, found in Japan in 1899 and in the Philippines in 1914. It affects most citrus species and hybrids. Grapefruit is especially susceptible. Strain-A was introduced into the United States from Japan on trifoliate orange seedlings in 1910. An eradication program was started in 1915 in Florida and the disease was eradicated in 1927. In South America, the Asiatic form was not found until 1957 in Brazil and 1972 in Argentina. In 1979, the A Strain broke out in the commercial citrus area of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Paper published with permission.
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Priest, Chad, and Doyle Groves. "Tweeting about Ebola: Analysis of Tweets from Africa, Europe and the United States During Two Months of the 2019 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo." In 2019 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Disaster Management (ICT-DM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict-dm47966.2019.9032979.

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Jones, Kevin. "Material Conscience as a Multivalent Instrument of Empowerment, Aspiration, and Identity for a New University Library in Malawi, Africa." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.24.

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In December of 2015, a fire destroyed the campus library at Mzuzu University (Mzuni) in northern Malawi, Africa. The entire collection of nearly 50,000 volumes, much of the university’s computing infrastructure, and an irreplaceable archive of Malawi heritage artifacts were lost. In a resource limited context where reliable access to books and data resources is scarce, the Mzuni library was a cherished repository of knowledge and a symbol of self-reliance for students, faculty, and the greater Mzuzu community. Since the fall of 2017, a team of students and faculty from the Virginia Tech Center for Design Research in the United States has been working to design a new library in support of the national, regional, and global aspirations of Mzuzu University. The design team began the project by visiting Malawi, where they defined essential goals and parameters through contextual immersion and stakeholder meetings with Mzuni, national building officials, local architects, and members of the U.S. Embassy. This trip raised critical awareness of the very real social, cultural, and practical issues associated with pursuing international impact projects in resource-limited countries. Most importantly, the experience grounded the team in a shared set of architectural and material strategies that would go on to define the various design propositions, including the selected “Portal” scheme. Currently, the Portal is being further developed in collaboration with architects from Malawi, with construction slated to begin in 2019. This paper seeks to document and interrogate the design of the new Mzuzu University library by positioning material conscience as a multivalent instrument of empowerment, aspiration, and identity for resource-limited countries.
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Swayne, Rick, and Bryan A. Erler. "Globalization of ASME Nuclear Codes and Standards." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89778.

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With the globalization of the nuclear industry, it is clear that the reactor suppliers are based in many countries around the world (such as United States, France, Japan, Canada, South Korea, South Africa) and they will be marketing their reactors to many countries around the world (such as US, China, South Korea, France, Canada, Finland, Taiwan). They will also be fabricating their components in many different countries around the world. With this situation, it is clear that the requirements of ASME Nuclear Codes and Standards need to be adjusted to accommodate the regulations, fabricating processes, and technology of various countries around the world. It is also very important for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) to be able to assure that products meeting the applicable ASME Code requirements will provide the same level of safety and quality assurance as those products currently fabricated under the ASME accreditation process. To do this, many countries are in the process of establishing or changing their regulations, and it is important for ASME to interface with the appropriate organizations in those countries, in order to ensure there is effective use of ASME Codes and standards around the world.
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Reports on the topic "Africa United States"

1

Wilson, Harold L. Managing Perceptions of United States Africa Command. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada539882.

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Birchmeier, Joseph F. China in Africa: Implications for the United States. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada521360.

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Macheng, Sentsekae T. Is the United States Africa Command on Track. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada520014.

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Porter, Murrell D. United States Foreign Policy in Africa: A Right Approach. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada220653.

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Cochran, Edwin S. Post-Apartheid South Africa and United States National Security. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada353177.

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Schroeder, David M. Friendly Skies Over Africa: Improving Air Traffic System Safety in Africa and United States Africa Command's Role in Development. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada539848.

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White, Edward L. In Search of a United States National Security Strategy: Republic of South Africa. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada202040.

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Piombo, Jessica. Perspectives on Security, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation: Views from the United States and South Africa. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada601869.

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Schroer, D. J. United States Military Assistance Programs C-130B's to Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Study in Policy, Decision Making & Strategy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada443819.

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Dodd, Lynde, Nancy Rybicki, Ryan Thum, Yasuro Kadono, and Kadiera Ingram. Genetic and morphological differences of water chestnut (Myrtales: Lythraceae: Trapa) populations in the Northeastern United States, Japan, and South Africa. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/32506.

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