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Journal articles on the topic 'Africa United States'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Glazewski, Jan. "South Africa/United States." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 29, no. 1 (2014): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718085-12341302.

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2

Martin, Guy. "Dream of Unity: From the United States of Africa to the Federation of African States." African and Asian Studies 12, no. 3 (2013): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341261.

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Abstract The Pan-Africanists leaders’ dream of unity was deferred in favor of the gradualist/functionalist perspective embodied in a weak and loosely-structured Organization of African Unity (OAU) created on 25 May 1963 in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia). This article analyses the reasons for this failure, namely: the reluctance of newly-independent African leaders to abandon their newly-won sovereignty in favor of a broader political unity; suspicion on the part of many African leaders that Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana intended to become the super-president of a united Africa; and divide and rule strategies

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3

"UNITED STATES OF AFRICA? AFRICAN UNION LAUNCHES ALL-AFRICA PASSPORT." Indonesian Journal of International Law 13, no. 2 (2016): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol13.2.653.

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4

Mills, Greg. "South Africa, the United States and Africa." South African Journal of International Affairs 6, no. 1 (1998): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10220469809545237.

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5

Wiley, David S. "The United States Congress and Africanist Scholars." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 19, no. 2 (1991): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700501279.

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Linking scholars to the Congress is difficult primarily because of the weakness of Congressional interest in Africa, but also due to the low levels of interest among academics in both Congress and its Africa foreign policy and the poor resources of African studies in the U.S. to build a foundation of knowledge useful to the Congress.

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6

Rich, Paul. "United States containment policy, South Africa and the apartheid dilemma." Review of International Studies 14, no. 3 (1988): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500113257.

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Since the early 1970s, South Africa has become an increasingly important issue within US foreign policy after a long period of benign neglect. For a considerable part of the post-war period, US decision-makers felt it possible to avoid a direct confrontation with the moral and ethical issues involved in the South African government's policy of apartheid; the relative geographical isolation of the country from many central theatres of East–West conflict in central Europe, the Middle East and South East Asia ensured that South Africa was not in the front line of strategically vital states. Furth

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7

Segal, Aaron. "The United States and South Africa: Human Investment." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 16, no. 1 (1987): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700008878.

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The impassioned debate between those who support sanctions in order to bring about change in South Africa and those who favor “constructive engagement” misses the point. Each side assumes that the problem is to exercise U.S. leverage and pressure on the South African government. It is not. Instead the opportunity is for the U.S. to assist in human investment to help South Africans to acquire the education, skills and training to build their own future. Pressure may or may not contribute to the South African government changing its policies and practices. Investment in human resources has a mor

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8

Joseph, James A. "UNITED STATES—SOUTH AFRICA RELATION." African Security Review 6, no. 3 (1997): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10246029.1997.9627718.

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9

Aubrey, Lisa Asili. "African Americans in the United States and African Studies." African Issues 30, no. 2 (2002): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500006442.

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That there is a strong historical intellectual tradition of African Americans studying Africa is news to some. That there remains a demand among African Americans in the United States to study Africa is also a surprise. That these ideas are challenging to some is ludicrous to others. For many African Americans in African studies, affirming our engagement with Africa over and over is not only a nuisance but also a waste of precious time and intellectual energy. After countless efforts, many African Americans have simply disengaged, refusing to have these futile conversations. Others bear witnes

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10

Obraztsova, Margarita. "Economic relations between the United States and South Africa." Russia and America in the 21st Century, no. 2 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207054760015880-5.

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The article analyses the role of the South African mining sector in the development of long-term relations between the United States and South Africa. Largely with the help of American investments the South African mining industry was formed. Thereby America provided its firms with access to South Africa’s rich resource potential. The increasing dependence of the United States on those types of minerals that are of strategic importance for its defense industry makes relations with South Africa a priority. Therefore, US policy is primarily aimed at ensuring the access of American companies to t

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11

Wang, Lei. "China and the United States in Africa." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 06, no. 01 (2020): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740020500037.

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China and the United States are among the most important external stakeholders in Africa’s peace, security, and prosperity. The African continent, with some of the world’s fastest-growing economies, an expanding consumer base, and an exploding youth population, has recently witnessed intensifying China-U.S. competition. In economic and trade terms, the United States is playing catch-up as Beijing has long ago overtaken Washington as the continent’s largest trading partner and investor. While China regards Africa’s adherence to the “One China” principle as the only political prerequisite for it

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12

Clarizio, Lynda M., Bradley Clements, and Erika Geetter. "United States Policy toward South Africa." Human Rights Quarterly 11, no. 2 (1989): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/761958.

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13

Cason, Jim, and Mike Fleshman. "The United States and South Africa." Monthly Review 37, no. 11 (1986): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-037-11-1986-04_5.

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14

Humphries, Jill. "Cyberorganizing United States Constituencies for Africa." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 5, no. 3 (2006): 163–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156915006778620115.

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AbstractThis case study examines how state level constituencies for Africa used advanced communication technology to organize and mobilize state delegations to the National Summit on Africa with the intent of effecting United States foreign policy toward Africa. More specifically, it focuses on the application of information communication technology (ICT) usage as a communication and coordination tool by the National Summit Secretariat. Secondly, it examines the extent to which state delegations used advanced communication technology to complete the relevant task of developing a national polic

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15

Schraeder, Peter. "Sapphire anniversary reflections on the study of United States foreign policy towards Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 41, no. 1 (2003): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x02004184.

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The creation in 1958 of a separate Bureau of African Affairs within the United States State Department served as a turning point in US foreign policy towards Africa, in that it signalled Africa's growing significance within the US policymaking establishment. This historical event has served as a point of reference for Africanists, as demonstrated by Crawford Young's (1984) ‘silver’ (25-year) anniversary reflections on the state of US Africa policies as president of the African Studies Association. The primary purpose of this essay is to provide ‘sapphire’ (45-year) anniversary reflections on U

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16

Shinn, David. "Extended Ground for U.S.-China Competition?" China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 02, no. 01 (2016): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740016500020.

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This article identifies the respective interests of China and the United States in Africa — both Sub-Saharan and North Africa. By comparing the general strategies toward Africa and recent policy statements of the two countries, the article notes the important institutional differences in each country that impacts the implementation of policy in Africa and identifies the tools and tactics they use to achieve their respective goals. Subsequently, it evaluates the relative success that China and the United States have had in developing ties with African countries, indicating the countries with wh

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17

Hibbert, Liesel. "English in South Africa: parallels with African American vernacular English." English Today 18, no. 1 (2002): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078402001037.

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A comparison between Black English usage in South Africa and the United StatesThere has been a long tradition of resistance in South African politics, as there has been for African-Americans in the United States. The historical links between African Americans and their counterparts on the African continent prompt one to draw a comparison between the groups in terms of linguistic and social status. This comparison demonstrates that Black South African English (BSAfE) is a distinctive form with its own stable conventions, as representative in its own context as African American Vernacular Englis

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18

Sillah, Mohammed Bassiru. "Islam in the United States of America." American Journal of Islam and Society 17, no. 1 (2000): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v17i1.2078.

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Although Islam is the youngest of the three Abrahamic religions, it bas succeededin making breakthroughs in all comers of the globe. Today, it is thefastest growing religion in the world. and its presence has become a recognizedfact in rich industrialized nations like the United States. In the book underreview, Professor Sulayman Nyang examines the arrival and development ofIslam in America and asserts that it will stand permanently side-by-side withChristianity and Judaism and that these religions will co-exist peacefully.In the first chapter. the author tells the story of the African Muslim

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19

Redcliffe, Quinton P., and Lesley Y. Shackleton. "The Southern Gateway to Africa." African Issues 28, no. 1-2 (2000): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500006971.

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Prior to South Africa’s first democratic elections in 1994, South African tertiary education institutions were relatively isolated from the growing global flow of students around the world. Over the past five years this has changed significantly. For example, between 1996 and 1997 the number of students from the United States spending a semester abroad in South Africa increased by 49 percent to a total of 617 students, making South Africa the most popular destination in Africa. By 1999, the University of Cape Town (UCT) alone, one of 21 universities in South Africa, welcomed 205 semester-study

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20

Briggs, E. Donald. "Review: United States Foreign Policy: The United States and South Africa, 1968–1985." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 43, no. 2 (1988): 341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070208804300210.

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21

Moniot, Henri, Peter Duignan, and L. H. Gann. "The United States and Africa. A History." Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire, no. 9 (January 1986): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3769011.

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22

Cosgrove, Carol. "The United States and Africa: a history." International Affairs 61, no. 3 (1985): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2618711.

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23

Ekwealor, Chinedu, and Khondlo Mtshali. "United States of Africa and the conundrums." Journal of African Foreign Affairs 5, no. 1 (2018): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2056-5658/2018/v5n1a2.

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24

Orban, Edmond, Peter Duignan, and L. H. Gann. "The United States and Africa: A History." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 20, no. 3 (1986): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/484458.

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25

Baum, Edward, Peter Duignan, and L. H. Gann. "The United States and Africa: A History." International Journal of African Historical Studies 20, no. 1 (1987): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219299.

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26

Olufemi Babarinde and Stephen Wright. "Africa and the United States: Assessing AGOA." Africa Today 64, no. 2 (2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.64.2.02.

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27

Waberi, Abdourahman A. "from In the United States of Africa." Callaloo 30, no. 3 (2007): 862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.2008.0036.

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28

Chester, Edward W., Peter Duignan, and L. H. Gann. "The United States and Africa: A History." American Historical Review 91, no. 2 (1986): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1858273.

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29

Ayittey, George B. N. "The United States of Africa: A Revisit." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 632, no. 1 (2010): 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716210378988.

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30

Broadhead, Susan H., Peter Duignan, and L. H. Gann. "The United States and Africa: A History." Journal of Southern History 52, no. 2 (1986): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2209707.

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31

Zimmerman, Andi. "Africa in and beyond the United States." Reviews in American History 49, no. 3 (2021): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.2021.0045.

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32

Bradley, Curtis A., and Laurence R. Helfer. "Treaty Exit in the United States: Insights from the United Kingdom or South Africa?" AJIL Unbound 111 (2017): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2017.96.

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Courts in the United Kingdom and South Africa have recently issued important rulings that have constrained the executive's authority to withdraw from treaties in those countries. This essay considers whether these rulings might offer insights for treaty exit issues in the United States. We first provide an overview of U.S. law and practice regarding the termination of international agreements. We next summarize the U.K. and South African decisions, which required parliamentary approval for pulling out of treaties establishing the European Union and the International Criminal Court (ICC), respe

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33

Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. "Obama’s Africa Policy: The Limits of Symbolic Power." African Studies Review 56, no. 2 (2013): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2013.48.

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Abstract:The election of Barack Obama as the first African-descended president of the United States in 2008 was greeted with euphoria in the U.S. and around the world, including Africa. Little, however, changed in the substance of U.S.–Africa relations. This underscores the limits of the symbolic politics of race and presidential personalities in the face of the structural imperatives of U.S. power and foreign policy in which African interests remain marginal and subordinate to U.S. interests. The article explores the structural contexts of foreign policy-making in the United States and what m

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34

Lande, Stephen, and Dennis Matanda. "Defining and Redefining U.S.-Africa Trade Relations During the Trump Presidency." AJIL Unbound 111 (2017): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2017.95.

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In an era in which multilateral trade arrangements have garnered more public notoriety than ever before, the suboptimal trade and investment relationship between America and Africa, as underpinned by the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), is one of the less controversial ones. AGOA could nevertheless use some adjustments or augmentations to facilitate deeper U.S.-Africa commercial relations. For instance, adjusting AGOA's origin rules could nudge the private sector on both sides of the Atlantic towards gains for U.S. and African employment and the reduction of trade deficits. Africa mu

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35

Dunkle, Larry D., and Morris Levy. "Genetic Relatedness of African and United States Populations of Cercospora zeae-maydis." Phytopathology® 90, no. 5 (2000): 486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2000.90.5.486.

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Two taxonomically identical but genetically distinct sibling species, designated groups I and II, of Cercospora zeae-maydis cause gray leaf spot of maize in the United States. Isolates of the gray leaf spot pathogen from Africa were compared with isolates from the United States by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis and restriction digests of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and 5.8S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), as well as by morphological and cultural characteristics. The isolates from Africa were morphologically indistinguishable from the U.S. isolates in both groups, bu

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36

WYSS, MARCO. "THE UNITED STATES, BRITAIN, AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO NIGERIA." Historical Journal 61, no. 4 (2018): 1065–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x17000498.

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AbstractIn Nigeria, Britain asserted its post-colonial security role during and immediately after the transfer of power, and remained responsible for assisting the Nigerian armed forces. While the Americans recognized Nigeria's potential as an important partner in the Cold War, they preferred to focus on development aid. Washington was thus supposed to complement British assistance, while leaving the responsibility for the security sector to London. But with the escalation of the Cold War in Africa, the Nigerians’ efforts to reduce their dependency on the United Kingdom, and Nigeria's growing

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37

Xiao Xu, Divya A. Patel, Vanessa K. Dalton, Mark D. Pearlman, and Timothy R. B. Johnson. "Can Routine Neonatal Circumcision Help Prevent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission in the United States?" American Journal of Men's Health 3, no. 1 (2008): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988308323616.

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Primary prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to pose an important challenge in the United States. Recent clinical trials conducted in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda have demonstrated considerable benefit of male circumcision in reducing HIV seroincidence in males. These results have ignited debate over the appropriateness of implementing routine provision of neonatal circumcision in the United States for HIV prevention. This article discusses major contextual differences between the United States and the three African countries where the clinical trials were conducted, a

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38

Alpers, Edward A. "Reflections on the Studying and Teaching About Africa in America." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 23, no. 1 (1995): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700008945.

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Is there an African Studies establishment in the United States? Of course there is. The academic study of Africa has mushroomed since the end of the Second World War as federal dollars were invested in graduate training programs so that the United States would be able to cope with the challenges posed by the coming to independence of former colonial territories in Africa from 1956 onward. Most of this money went to major research universities. Accordingly, the training in African Studies that evolved at these centers was rooted in the historical development of western academic disciplines, the

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39

Moroke, Ntebogang Dinah. "A pairwise unit-root-test based approach to investigating convergence of household debts in South Africa and the United States." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 2 (2015): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i2_c1_p7.

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The purpose of this paper was to test convergence of household debts in the United States and South Africa taking a pairwise unit root tests based approaches into account. Substantial number of studies dealt with convergence of several macroeconomic variables but to my knowledge no study considered this subject with respect to household debts of the identified countries. Quarterly data on household debts consisting of 88 observations in the South Africa and United States spanning the period 1990 to 2013 was collected from the South African and St. Louis Federal Reserve Banks. Focused on the ab

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40

Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. "Building intellectual bridges: from African studies and African American studies to Africana studies in the United States." Afrika Focus 24, no. 2 (2011): 9–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-02402003.

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The study of Africa and its peoples in the United States has a complex history. It has involved the study of both an external and internal other, of social realities in Africa and the condition of people• of African descent in the United States. This paper traces and examines the complex intellectual, institutional, and ideological histories and intersections of African studies and African American studies. It argues that the two fields were founded by African American scholar activists as part of a Pan-African project before their divergence in the historically white universities after World

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41

Malisa, Mark, and Phillippa Nhengeze. "Pan-Africanism: A Quest for Liberation and the Pursuit of a United Africa." Genealogy 2, no. 3 (2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy2030028.

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Our paper examines the place of Pan-Africanism as an educational, political, and cultural movement which had a lasting impact on the on the relationship between liberation and people of African descent, in the continent of Africa and the Diaspora. We also show its evolution, beginning with formerly enslaved Africans in the Americas, to the colonial borders of the 1884 Berlin Conference, and conclude with the independence movements in Africa. For formerly enslaved Africans, Pan-Africanism was an idea that helped them see their commonalities as victims of racism. That is, they realized that they

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42

Beecher, Lloyd N., and David Shavit. "The United States in Africa: A Historical Dictionary." International Journal of African Historical Studies 23, no. 4 (1990): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219529.

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43

Segal, Aaron. "The United States and South Africa: Human Investment." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 16, no. 1 (1987): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1166414.

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44

Ani, Emmanuel Ifeanyi. "A United States of Africa: Insights from Antifragility." Philosophia Africana 16, no. 2 (2014): 95–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philafricana20141627.

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45

Lauer, Joseph, and David Shavit. "The United States in Africa: A Historical Dictionary." African Studies Review 33, no. 1 (1990): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524661.

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46

Varhola, Laura R., and Thomas E. Sheperd. "Africa and the United States—A Military Perspective." American Foreign Policy Interests 35, no. 6 (2013): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803920.2013.855546.

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47

SITHOLE, MASIPULA. "BLACK AMERICANS AND UNITED STATES POLICY TOWARDS AFRICA." African Affairs 85, no. 340 (1986): 325–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a097795.

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48

Hirsch, Alan. "The United States and South Africa since 19481." Social Dynamics 15, no. 2 (1989): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533958908458475.

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49

Plotkin, Stanley A., and Sheldon L. Kaplan. "Meningococcal Control in the United States and Africa." Journal of Infectious Diseases 193, no. 6 (2006): 754–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/500513.

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50

Covey, Eric. "The United States and Africa in Oxford, Ohio." Radical History Review 2019, no. 133 (2019): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-7160113.

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