Journal articles: 'African american experiences'

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DeLapp, R. C. T., and M. T. Williams. "Preparing for Racial Discrimination and Moving beyond Reactive Coping: a Systematic Review." Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews 15, no. 1 (2019): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573400515666190211114709.

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Racial discrimination is a commonly experienced stressor among African American that occurs in various forms. The stressful qualities of racial discrimination are highlighted by how such events are often cognitively appraised and the negative mental health outcomes associated with such racial stressors. Traditionally, existing conceptual models of racial discrimination have characterized the reactive experiences of African Americans, particularly identifying how African American typically respond cognitively, emotionally, and behaviorally. Moving forward, it is vital that the conceptual models of racial discrimination extend beyond the reactive experience and further identify nuances in the anticipatory and preparatory processes associated with racial discrimination. As such, the current review draws upon a model of proactive coping (Aspinwall & Taylor, 1997) to begin conceptualizes how African American may cope with anticipated discriminatory experiences and propose future research directions for generating conceptual models that more comprehensively capture experiences of racial stress among African Americans.

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Nadir, Aneesah. "Islam in the African-American Experience." American Journal of Islam and Society 22, no. 2 (2005): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i2.1714.

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Islam in the African-American Experience is a historical account of Islamin the African-American community. Written by a scholar of African-American world studies and religious studies, this book focuses on theinterconnection between African Americans’ experiences with Islam as itdeveloped in the United States. While this scholarly work is invaluable forstudents and professors in academia, it is also a very important contributionfor anyone seriously interested in Islam’s development in this country.Moreover, it serves as a central piece in the puzzle for Muslims anxious tounderstand Islam’s history in the United States and the relationship betweenAfrican-American and immigrant Muslims. The use of narrative biographiesthroughout the book adds to its personal relevance, for they relate thepersonal history of ancestors, known and unknown, to Islam’s history inthis country. Turner’s work furthers African-American Muslims’ journeytoward unlocking their history.The main concept expressed in Turner’s book is that of signification, theissue of naming and identity among African Americans. Turner argues thatsignification runs throughout the history of Islam among African Americans,dating back to the west coast of Africa, through the Nation of Islam, to manyof its members’ conversion to orthodox Sunni Islam, and through Islamicmessages disseminated via contemporary hip-hop culture. According toTurner, Charles Long refers to signification as “a process by which names,signs and stereotypes were given to non-European realities and peoples duringthe western conquest and exploration of the world” (p. 2). The renamingof Africans by their oppressors was a method of dehumanization andsubjugation.The author argues that throughout the history of African-AmericanMuslims, Islam served to “undercut signification by offering AfricanAmericans a chance to signify themselves” (p. 3). Self-signification is anantithesis to the oppressive use of signification, for it facilitates empowermentand growing independence from the dominant group. In addition,“signification involved double meanings. It was both a potent form ofoppression and a potent form of resistance to oppression” (p. 3). By choosingMuslim names, whether they were Muslim or not, Turner claims that ...

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Spencer, Becky, Karen Wambach, and Elaine Williams Domain. "African American Women’s Breastfeeding Experiences." Qualitative Health Research 25, no. 7 (2014): 974–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732314554097.

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Brawley, Sean, and Chris Dixon. "Jim Crow Downunder? African American Encounters with White Australia, 1942––1945." Pacific Historical Review 71, no. 4 (2002): 607–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2002.71.4.607.

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Between 1941 and 1945, as the U.S. military machine sent millions of Americans——and American culture——around the world, several thousand African Americans spent time in Australia. Armed with little knowledge of Australian racial values and practices, black Americans encoutered a nation whose long-standing commitment to the principle of "White Australia" appeared to rest comfortably with the segregative policies commonly associated with the American South. Nonetheless, while African Americans did encounter racism and discrimination——practices often encouraged by the white Americans who were also stationed in Australia during the war——there is compelling evidence that their experiences were not always negative. Indeed, for many black Americans, Australians' apparent open-mindedness and racial views of white Britons and others with whom African Americans came into contact during the war. Making use of U.S. Army censors' reports and paying attention to black Americans' views of their experiences in Australia, this article not only casts light on an aspect of American-Australian relations that has hitherto recieved scant scholarly attention and reveals something about the African American experience, but also offers insights into race relations within the U.S. armed forces.

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Withycombe, Jenny Lind. "Intersecting Selves: African American Female Athletes’ Experiences of Sport." Sociology of Sport Journal 28, no. 4 (2011): 478–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.28.4.478.

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Stereotypes have the power to dynamically structure African American female athletes’ oppression (Buysse & Embser-Herbert, 2004; Kane, 1996), for example, by trivializing their athletic efforts (Douglas, 2002). The purpose of this paper was to examine how African American women athletes experience such stereotypes. Drawing from Collins (1990) and Crenshaw’s (1991) work on intersectionality, data were gathered from eight African American female athletes regarding their sport experiences. Qualitative analyses revealed two major themes: Gendered Stereotypes and Racial Stereotypes. Findings suggested that complex intersections of these stereotypes significantly impacted African American female athletes’ sport experiences. It is concluded that future research should explore in greater depth the sexist, racist, and classist incidences of African American female athletes’ experiences at all levels of sport participation.

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McDuffie, Danielle L., Rebecca S. Allen, Sheila Black, Martha R. Crowther, Ryan Whitlow, and Laura Acker. "LIFETIME EXPERIENCES OF GRIEF AMONG RECENTLY BEREAVED AFRICAN AMERICANS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1898.

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Abstract This study sought to investigate the ways recently bereaved African American middle to older aged adults conceptualized both prior and present loss. Fourteen African American men and women aged 46 years and older (M=62.6) completed one time, in-person semi-structured interviews detailing their grief experiences. Interview transcripts were then coded using a content analysis. Four themes were reported during prior loss (Continuing on with Normal Life/ Time, Faith/ Religion, Reminiscing/ Reminiscence, Social Support) along with present loss (Faith/ Religion, Keeping Busy, Reminiscence, Social Support). Men and women in the sample were found to cope in relatively consistent manners despite the timing of the loss, and in manners consistent with literature detailing African American grief outcomes. This information could help inform both bereaved African Americans and those seeking to aid African Americans during times of bereavement in proactively having knowledge of coping mechanisms that have been used historically and found to be beneficial.

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Nurhayati, Ari. "INTERSECTING OPPRESSION OF GENDER AND RACE IN TONI MORRISON’S THE BLUEST EYE AND GOD HELP THE CHILD." LITERA 18, no. 3 (2019): 379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v18i3.27796.

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White domination in America can make white ideology of beauty spread and influence the African-American society. Toni Morrison’s novels, The Bluest Eye and God Help the Child, depict the influence. This study attemps to uncover the intersecting oppression of race and gender in the novels and to explain how African-American women cope with the oppression. This study is descriptive qualitative research. The data sources are Morrison’s novels The Bluest Eyeand God Help the Child. The study has two findings. Firstly, African-American society experiences oppression as an impact of the white beauty hegemony. The most disadvantageous oppression is the internalization of white beauty values. Holding such values makes African-American women feel inferior and hate their own physical characteristics that are far from the white ideal of beauty. Meanwhile, African-American women who have darker skin colors experience the hardest oppression because they also become the victims of oppression committed by some circles of African-American society, which tend to consider them unequal. It reflects the complexity of oppression experienced by African-American women. Secondly,self-consciousness is the main factor of attempts to release them from the oppression. Without self-consciousness, African-American women can be trapped in values that deteriorate their self-pride of identity.Keywords: intersecting oppression, African-American women, skin color

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Siler, Shaunna, Kelly Arora, Katherine Doyon, and Stacy M. Fischer. "Spirituality and the Illness Experience: Perspectives of African American Older Adults." American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 38, no. 6 (2021): 618–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909120988280.

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Background: Disparities in hospice and palliative care (PC) for African Americans have been linked to mistrust toward the healthcare system, racial inequalities, and cultural preferences. Spirituality has been identified as important to African Americans in general. Less is known about the influence of spirituality on African American illness experiences. Objective: The goal of this study was to understand older African Americans’ perspectives on how spirituality influences chronic illness experiences to inform the development of a culturally tailored PC intervention. Methods: In partnership with 5 churches in the Denver metropolitan area, we conducted focus groups with African American older adults (n = 50) with chronic health conditions and their family caregivers. Transcripts were analyzed using a deductive approach. The theoretical framework for this study draws on psychology of religion research. Results: Themes referenced participants’ spiritual orienting systems, spiritual coping strategies, and spiritual coping styles. Psycho-spiritual struggles, social struggles, and sources of social support were also identified. Findings suggest African Americans’ spirituality influences chronic illness experiences. Participants relied on their spirituality and church community to help them cope with illness. In addition, social struggles impacted the illness experience. Social struggles included mistrust toward the healthcare system and not being connected to adequate resources. Participants expressed a need to advocate for themselves and family members to receive better healthcare. Churches were referred to as a trusted space for health resources, as well as spiritual and social support.

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Lang, Eurydice. "Breastfeeding Experiences of African American Women." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 48, no. 3 (2019): S130—S131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2019.04.219.

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Watson, Laurel B., Dawn Robinson, Franco Dispenza, and Negar Nazari. "African American Women’s Sexual Objectification Experiences." Psychology of Women Quarterly 36, no. 4 (2012): 458–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684312454724.

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Molina, Olga. "African American Women's Unique Divorce Experiences." Journal of Divorce & Remarriage 32, no. 3-4 (2000): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j087v32n03_05.

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Coats, Heather, Janice D. Crist, Ann Berger, Esther Sternberg, and Anne G. Rosenfeld. "African American Elders’ Serious Illness Experiences." Qualitative Health Research 27, no. 5 (2016): 634–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732315620153.

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The foundation of culturally sensitive patient-centered palliative care is formed from one’s social, spiritual, psychological, and physical experiences of serious illness. The purpose of this study was to describe categories and patterns of psychological, social, and spiritual healing from the perspectives of aging seriously ill African American (AA) elders. Using narrative analysis methodology, 13 open-ended interviews were collected. Three main patterns were “prior experiences,” “I changed,” and “across past, present experiences and future expectations.” Themes were categorized within each pattern: been through it . . . made me strong, I thought about . . . others, went down little hills . . . got me down, I grew stronger, changed priorities, do things I never would have done, quit doing, God did and will take care of me, close-knit relationships, and life is better. “Faith” in God helped the aging seriously ill AA elders “overcome things,” whether their current illness or other life difficulties.

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Dallas, Constance M., and Shu-Pi C. Chen. "Experiences of African American Adolescent Fathers." Western Journal of Nursing Research 20, no. 2 (1998): 210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019394599802000206.

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Taylor, Robert Joseph, Reuben Miller, Dawne Mouzon, Verna M. Keith, and Linda M. Chatters. "Everyday Discrimination Among African American Men." Race and Justice 8, no. 2 (2016): 154–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2153368716661849.

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The present study examined the impact of criminal justice contact on experiences of everyday discrimination among a national sample of African American men. African American men have a high likelihood of being the targets of major discrimination as well as experiencing disproportionate contact with the criminal justice system. Few studies, however, examine everyday discrimination (e.g., commonplace social encounters of unfair treatment) among this group. Using data from the National Survey of American Life, we provide a descriptive assessment of different types of everyday discrimination among African American men. Specifically, we examined differences in everyday discrimination among men who have never been arrested, those who have been arrested but not incarcerated, and men who have a previous history of criminal justice intervention categorized by type of incarceration experienced (i.e., reform school, detention, jail, or prison). Study findings indicated overall high levels of reported everyday discrimination, with increased likelihood and a greater number of experiences associated with more serious forms of criminal justice contact. However, in many instances, there were no or few differences in reported everyday discrimination for African American men with and without criminal justice contact, indicating comparable levels of exposure to experiences with unfair treatment.

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Gross, Tyra Toston, Marsha Davis, Alex K. Anderson, Jori Hall, and Karen Hilyard. "Long-Term Breastfeeding in African American Mothers." Journal of Human Lactation 33, no. 1 (2017): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334416680180.

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Background: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 39.1% of African American infants are breastfed at 6 months. However, few studies have explored the breastfeeding experiences of African American women who successfully breastfeed to 6 months or longer durations. Research aim: The goal of this qualitative study was to explore the long-term breastfeeding experiences of low-income African American women using the positive deviance approach. Methods: African American women with breastfeeding experience were recruited through Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) breastfeeding peer counselors. Eligibility criteria included being age 18 or older, currently participating in WIC, and having breastfed one child for at least 6 months in the past 2 years. Semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 participants. Interviews were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. Transcripts were then analyzed for emerging themes using thematic analysis in NVivo software. Results: Participants had on average three children each, with an average length of breastfeeding of 10.5 months per child. Four main themes developed: (a) deciding to breastfeed, (b) initiating breastfeeding, (c) breastfeeding long-term, and (d) expanding breastfeeding support. Participants offered culturally tailored suggestions to improve breastfeeding support for other African American women: prenatal discussions of breastfeeding with health care providers, African American lactation support personnel and breastfeeding support groups, and African American breastfeeding promotion in print and digital media. Conclusion: Women who participated in this study breastfed for longer durations than the national average for African Americans. Findings can inform practice and research efforts to improve breastfeeding rates in this population using lessons learned from successful women.

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Ogene, Mbanefo S., Esther Chikaodi Anyanwu, and Ngini Josephine Ojiaku. "A Comparative Analysis of Racial Discrimination in Claude McKay’s Home to Harlem and Kenneth Kaunda’s Zambia Shall be Free." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 3 (2017): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2017.v8n3p343.

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Abstract One major problem confronting the definition of Comparative Literature is that of the involvement (on the one hand) of more than one literature under comparison and (on the other hand) that of the consideration of the multidimensional aspects of such literature, such as social, historical, linguistic, religious, economic and cultural aspects of divergent societies. This study is guided by the above factors in analyzing the concept of Racial Discrimination in Southern Africa and African American literatures in the sense that the former’s experiences were on African soil, while the latter’s were on the NewFound land (America). The paper observes that racial discrimination was much severe and oppressive without much resistance in America than in Southern Africa where Africans withstood and fought back against an unjust, wicked and oppressive system.

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Davis, Shametrice, Leslie Reese, and Cecelia S Griswold. "My Narrative is Not What You Think It Is: Experiences of African Americans in a Doctor of Education Program." International Journal of Doctoral Studies 15 (2020): 199–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4534.

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Aim/Purpose: This paper examines the experiences of African American students in a doctor of education program at a comprehensive university in Southern California. Background: Qualitative case study methodology and critical race theory is used to highlight asset rather than deficit narratives of the participants, illuminating another aspect of commonly understood experiences for underrepresented students in education. Methodology: Qualitative case study methodology was used for a sample of 14 African American doctoral students in the Southern California area. Critical race theory provided a framework through which to support data analysis and subsequent findings. Contribution: The original contribution of this paper is the asset-narrative of African American doctoral students at an institution that is not research-driven. Findings: Findings assert that (1) asset narratives of African American students need to be highlighted, (2) action-research as an option for dissertation completion is important for Ed.D. programs, and (3) racial identity of African Americans is complex, therefore broader understandings of black identity are needed, and must be coupled with anti-deficit ideology. Recommendations for Practitioners: Recommendations for practitioners include expanding understandings of African American identity coupled with anti-deficit ideology to enhance student interactions with both faculty and peers throughout doctoral education. Recommendation for Researchers: It is suggested that future research continue to focus on doctoral student experiences in institutions that are not research intensive. Impact on Society: This research provides an original contribution by furthering understandings of the complexity of the African American experience with identity, research, and doctoral education experiences. Future Research: Future research should focus on other underrepresented populations in doctoral education at universities that are not research-intensive.

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Kaufman, Jerry. "THE MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS OF THE RACE EXPERIENCE AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH HEALTH IN OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2969.

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Abstract Race is experienced along a number of dimensions. In the United States, education, family background (e.g., parents’ education), skin shade, experiences of racial discrimination, neighborhood racial composition, state/region of birth, and interracial marriage help to define the “race experience.” Many of these factors have been individually associated with adverse outcomes for African Americans relative to Whites, but little research has examined how these factors cohere within individuals. Using a national survey of African American and White older adults, we employed latent class analysis and, in preliminary analyses, identified three clusters of individuals who were characterized by unique race experiences. We then assessed and determined that these clusters were also unique in their differential associations with health outcomes. This data-driven approach will provide insight into the profiles of individuals whose race experience contributes to health inequities among older Americans.

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Rivers, Natasha M. "No Longer Sojourners: The Complexities of Racial Ethnic Identity, Gender, and Generational Outcomes for Sub-Saharan Africans in the USA." International Journal of Population Research 2012 (May 14, 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/973745.

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Through individual and group testimonies from newly arrived, 1.5 and second generation sub-Saharan Africans (For this study sub-Saharan African refers to the countries located under Northern African countries, for example, Egypt and Morocco and, includes South Africa. There are over 50 countries represented by this region; however, the most populous groups from this region in Africa in the USA are Nigerian, Ethiopian, Kenyan, Liberian, Ghanaian, Cape Verdean, South African, and Somalian.), the diversity and complexity linked to their migration and integration experiences in the USA reveal that there is a gendered and generational element to their self identity. These elements are compounded by perceptions of being African American in a racialized society and deciding whether or not to stay connected to Africa, a continent that needs their financial, political, and social resources accumulated in the USA These “new” African Americans expand the definition of blackness in the USA. Many have created a transnational relationship to Africa and the USA, which provides important implications for Africa’s potential “brain gain” as well as socioeconomic, infrastructural, and political development.

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Berry, Robert Q. "Access to Upper-Level Mathematics: The Stories of Successful African American Middle School Boys." Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 39, no. 5 (2008): 464–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.39.5.0464.

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This article is about 8 African American middle school boys who have experienced success in mathematics. Working within a phenomenological methodological framework, the researcher investigated the limitations these students encounter and the compensating factors they experience. Critical race theory was the theoretical framework for this study; counter-storytelling was utilized to capture the boys' experiences, which is in stark contrast to the dominant literature concerning African American males and mathematics. Five themes emerged from the data: (a) early educational experiences, (b) recognition of abilities and how it was achieved, (c) support systems, (d) positive mathematical and academic identity, and (e) alternative identities.

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Chandler, Diane J. "African American Spirituality: Through Another Lens." Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care 10, no. 2 (2017): 159–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193979091701000205.

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African American spirituality provides a rich lens into the heart and soul of the black church experience, often overlooked in the Christian spiritual formation literature. By addressing this lacuna, this essay focuses on three primary shaping qualities of history: the effects of slavery, the Civil Rights Movement under Dr. Martin Luther King's leadership, and the emergence of the Black Church. Four spiritual practices that influence African American spirituality highlight the historical and cultural context of being “forged in the fiery furnace,” including worship, preaching and Scripture, the community of faith and prayer, and community outreach. The essay concludes by recognizing four areas of the lived experiences of African Americans from which the global church can glean: (1) persevering in pain and suffering, (2) turning to God for strength, (3) experiencing a living and passionate faith, and (4) affirming God's intention for freedom and justice to be afforded to every individual.

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Commodore-Mensah, Yvonne, Ruth-Alma Turkson-Ocran, Nwakaego A. Nmezi, et al. "Commentary: Engaging African Immigrants in Research – Experiences and Lessons from the Field." Ethnicity & Disease 29, no. 4 (2019): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.29.4.617.

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Global migration from Africa to more economically developed regions such as the United States, Europe, the Middle East, and Australia has reached unprecedented rates in the past five decades. The size of the African immigrant population in the United States has roughly doubled every decade since 1970. However, research has not kept up with the growing size of this vulnerable population. Data from African immigrants have not traditionally been reported separately from Blacks/African Americans. There is growing interest in increasing the participation of African immigrants in research to understand their unique health needs and the full spectrum of factors impacting their health, ranging from racial, social, environmental, and behavioral factors, to individual biological and genetic factors which may also inform health challenges. This line of inquiry may also inform our understanding of health disparities among their African American counterparts. However, little is known about effective community engagement and recruitment strategies that may increase the participation of this population in research studies. The purpose of this commentary is to: 1) describe lessons learned from our experiences engaging African immigrants in research in the Baltimore, Washington, DC, and Atlanta metropolitan areas; 2) discuss strategies for successful recruitment; and 3) consider future directions of research and opportunities to translate research findings into health policy for this population. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(4):617-622; doi:10.18865/ed.29.4.617

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Giddy, Julia K., Jennifer M. Fitchett, and Gijsbert Hoogendoorn. "Insight into American tourists’ experiences with weather in South Africa." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 38, no. 38 (2017): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bog-2017-0034.

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Abstract Weather and climate are often important factors determining the success of a tourism destination and resultant satisfaction among tourists. This is particularly true for South Africa due the predominance of outdoor tourist attractions. Increasing numbers of international tourists have visited South Africa since the fall of apartheid, particularly those from the United States (U.S.), which is an important market for South African tourism. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine a sample of American tourists’ experience with day-to-day weather and climatic conditions in South Africa. The results show that although respondents did not feel that climatic conditions were an important factor in motivations to visit the country, the day-to-day weather did often impact the enjoyment of their visit. Most notably, weather controlled their ability to participate in outdoor activities. In correlating accounts of unpleasant weather conditions with the meteorological records, a close association emerged, particularly for excessively high temperatures. This indicates that the experiences of American tourists are an accurate indication of climatic unsuitability for tourism, which poses threats to the South African outdoor tourism sector.

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Rutledge, Essie Manuel. "African-American Socialization Experiences by Family Structure." Journal of Black Studies 19, no. 2 (1988): 204–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002193478801900207.

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Guiffrida, Douglas A. "How Involvement in African American Student Organizations Supports and Hinders Academic Achievement." NACADA Journal 24, no. 1-2 (2004): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12930/0271-9517-24.1-2.88.

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The perspectives of 84 African American students attending a predominantly White institution (PWI) were qualitatively analyzed to identify the conditions under which African American student organizations were perceived as assets and liabilities to academic success. Results indicate that involvement in African American student organizations can hinder the academic achievement of students who value hierarchical leadership styles, service toward systemic change, and leadership experiences over grades. Implications for advising African American students at PWIs are provided along with suggestions for modifying Astin's (1984) theory of student involvement when applying it to African Americans at PWIs.

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Holmes, Dr Gloria Kirkland. "African Children’s Songs: A Legendary Teaching Tool." Journal of Education and Culture Studies 3, no. 3 (2019): p250. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jecs.v3n3p250.

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This paper presents a multicultural perspective of the historical and legendary analysis of African American children’s songs highlighting the important interpersonal familial relationships that have been noted teaching tools for African American children. The data includes multiple songs that have been used for generations to teach children values, history and cultural experiences with life enhancing strength and determination.These diverse experiences are characterized by historical practices that called for African American families to find multimodal means of teaching their children when it was against the law for African Americans to learn to read or to become educated.This research reveals that at various stages in the lives of African American children, parents and extended family members found ways to culturally educate their children. This was done through use of historical and generational African American songs and games. They have been instrumental in providing hope of a better life for those who were oppressed and often denied some of life’s inalienable rights.Teachers at all grade levels including ESL and Special Education could enhance children’s learning through use of multimodal thinking and learning activities.

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Erskine-Meusa, Denise. "African American Students in the Community College Classroom with White Teachers." Journal of Underrepresented & Minority Progress 1, no. 1 (2017): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jump.v1i1.37.

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The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine African American student pedagogical experiences in classrooms with White teachers at a community college in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The intent of the study was two-fold: (a) to search for evidence of how culture shapes African American students’ view of themselves, and (b) to explore how African American student pedagogical experiences with White teachers shape their attitude about school. The results of this study revealed that many of the White teachers experienced by the research participants demonstrated some aspect of colorblindness in their pedagogical practices. The results also found that the African American community college students in this study valued the use of culturally responsive pedagogy in the classroom.

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Armstrong-Mensah, Elizabeth Afibah, Keianna Harris, Venessa Ngom, and Faith Omotor. "Reducing Inequities in Adverse Birth Outcomes among African American Women in the United States: A Focus on the Life Course Perspective." Research in Health Science 4, no. 4 (2019): p281. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/rhs.v4n4p281.

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Adverse birth outcomes are the leading cause of death among infants globally, and the second leading cause of infant deaths in the United States. African-American women have disproportionately higher rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant mortality compared to other racial groups. This is due in part to social inequities, as well as differential exposures to and experience of risk and protective factors before, during, and after pregnancy. The life course perspective framework posits that adverse birth outcomes are not primarily due to experiences during pregnancy, but experiences (environmental exposures, biological, social and behavioral factors, as well as life experiences) across the life course. These experiences negatively affect birth outcomes in current and future generations. Reducing the adverse birth outcome gap between African Americans and other racial groups requires not only increasing access to prenatal care, but also addressing the differential cumulative impact of social inequities and early life disadvantages experienced by the former. It is therefore critically important to focus on the life course perspective when framing solutions to bridge racial disparities in adverse birth outcomes.

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Cochran, Donna L. "African American Fathers: A Decade Review of the Literature." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 78, no. 4 (1997): 340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.792.

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Research on African American fathers has changed dramatically during the past decade. The author seeks to understand the parental experience of African American fathers as they are portrayed in the literature. A computer search was conducted to identify articles on African American fathers published between 1986 and 1996. The author discusses theories used in research on African American fathers as well as limitations and gaps in the literature. Although significant changes have been made in the literature on African American fathers, more comprehensive research on the parenting experiences of these men is needed. Implications for research, policy, and practice are provided.

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Simms, Margaret C., and Cecilia A. Conrad. "Diversity in the Dismal Science: The Stanford Experience." Review of Black Political Economy 46, no. 4 (2019): 362–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034644619850181.

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Efforts to diversify the economics profession have included increasing the number of African Americans and other people of color who enroll in and complete the PhD degree in economics. This article recounts the experiences of African Americans who entered graduate study at Stanford University between 1967 and 1984 and the university’s record of adding to the pool of African American PhD economists.

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Okoro, Olihe N., Lisa A. Hillman, and Alina Cernasev. "“We get double slammed!”: Healthcare experiences of perceived discrimination among low-income African-American women." Women's Health 16 (January 2020): 174550652095334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745506520953348.

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Background: On account of their racial/ethnic minority status, class, and gender, African-American women of low socioeconomic status are among the least privileged, underserved, and most marginalized groups in the United States. Generally, African Americans continue to experience poorer health outcomes, in which disparities have been attributed to socioeconomic inequities and structural racism. This objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of low-income African-American women in interacting with the healthcare system and healthcare providers. Methods: Twenty-two in-depth one-on-one interviews were conducted with low-income African-American women. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. An inductive content analysis was performed, using an analytical software, Dedoose® to enabled hierarchical coding. Codes were grouped into categories which were further analyzed for similarities that led to the emergence of themes. Results: A key finding was the experience of discriminatory treatment. The three themes that emerged relevant to this category were (1) perceived discrimination based on race/ethnicity, (2) perceived discrimination based on socioeconomic status, and (3) stereotypical assumptions such as drug-seeking and having sexually transmitted diseases. Conclusion and Recommendations: Low-income African-American women experience less than satisfactory patient care, where participants attribute to their experience of being stereotyped and their perception of discrimination in the healthcare system and from providers. Patients’ experiences within the healthcare system have implications for their healthcare-seeking behaviors and treatment outcomes. Healthcare personnel and providers need to be more aware of the potential for implicit bias toward this population. Healthcare workforce training on culturally responsive patient care approaches and more community engagement will help providers better understand the context of patients from this population and more effectively meet their healthcare needs.

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Shaz, Beth H., Derrick G. Demmons, Krista L. Hillyer, Robert E. Jones, and Christopher D. Hillyer. "Racial Differences in Motivators and Barriers to Blood Donation Among Blood Donors." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 133, no. 9 (2009): 1444–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/133.9.1444.

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Abstract Context.—Nationally, African Americans are underrepresented in community blood donation programs. To increase blood donation by African Americans, differences between motivators and barriers to blood donation between races should be investigated. Objective.—To investigate motivators and barriers to blood donation in African American and white blood donors. Design.—An 18-item, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire regarding demographics and motivators and barriers to donation was completed by blood donors at a predominately African American and a predominately white fixed donation site. Results.—A total of 599 participants (20% African American, 75% white, and 5% other) completed the survey. The most commonly reported reasons to donate included: “because it is the right thing to do” (45% African Americans and 62% white) and “because I want to help save a life” (63% African Americans and 47% white). Unpleasant experiences did not differ as a barrier to continue donation between African Americans and whites. African Americans placed more importance on donating blood to someone with sickle cell disease, convenience of blood donation, treatment of donor center staff, and level of privacy during the screening process. Conclusions.—These data suggest that in a large metropolitan area, reasons for donation among African American and white donors differ. To retain and increase donation frequency of African American donors, these factors should be considered in creating an African American donor recruitment and retention program.

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Allen, Junior Lloyd, Kimberly Y. Huggins-Hoyt, Michael J. Holosko, and Harold E. Briggs. "African American Social Work Faculty." Research on Social Work Practice 28, no. 3 (2017): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731517701578.

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Purpose: This study explored the scholarship experiences of top-ranked African American faculty in schools of social work. Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with N = 10 top-ranked African American faculty identified as achieving considerable productivity and impact of scholarship. Findings: Four major themes were identified, each of which had 2–3 subcategories. These included (1) mentorship, (2) collaboration, (3) time, and (4) strategic planning. The data revealed that of these identified themes, mentorship was the most prominent, and collaboration, although important, was the least. Implications: The noted experiences and strategies highlighted in this study could be of great utility for those seeking to enhance their scholarly productivity and impact, particularly for (a) junior faculty, (b) African American faculty, and (c) doctoral student researchers and candidates.

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Pun, Min. "The Politics of Identity: The History of African Americans Reconsidered through Narratives." Journal of Political Science 17 (February 6, 2017): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jps.v17i0.20513.

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The narratives are a means of sharing each other's experiences, linking people in time and event over the generations. As such are the narratives of African Americans who have the stories of slavery and freedom that helped them to form their identity as Americans. Thus, the present paper attempts to shed light on the definitions of identity politics and how African Americans come across the experience of slavery, reconstruct their shared history and ultimately attain their identity in the mainstream American life.Journal of Political Science. Vol. 17, 2017, Page: 52-62

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Cuevas, Adolfo G., and Kerth O’Brien. "Racial centrality may be linked to mistrust in healthcare institutions for African Americans." Journal of Health Psychology 24, no. 14 (2017): 2022–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105317715092.

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Evidence suggests that racial identity is an important component to African Americans’ self-concepts and therefore may be relevant to patients’ trust in healthcare, yet little is known as to how racial identity may influence trust or mistrust. African American adults ( N = 220) in the greater Portland, Oregon, area provided survey reports of healthcare-related attitudes and experiences. Those who reported higher racial centrality had lower trust in healthcare institutions. Based on these findings, clinicians employing patient-centered care approaches should recognize racial identity as an important component to patients’ experiences when they seek to deliver equitable care to African American patients.

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Nguyen, Ann W. "CHURCH RELATIONSHIPS, DISCRIMINATION, AND GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER AMONG OLDER AFRICAN AMERICANS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2765.

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Abstract The African American church has played a major role in African American communities, and church relationships represent an important stress-coping resource for older African Americans. This study examined 1) the association between everyday discrimination and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and 2) whether church-based relationships buffer the negative effects of everyday discrimination on GAD among older African Americans. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using data from 670 African American respondents age 55 and older from the National Survey of American Life: Coping with Stress in the 21st Century. More frequent experiences of everyday discrimination was associated with higher odds of meeting criteria for GAD. Significant interactions indicated that frequent contact with church members and high levels of subjective closeness to church members buffered against the negative effects of discrimination on GAD. Interventions that focus on the use of church members for support capitalize on a major strength among older African Americans.

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Floyd, Schenita. "Assessing African American Women Engineers’ Workplace Sentiment within the AI Field." International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI) 5, no. 5 (2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v5i5.34765.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) has infiltrated every industry and every aspect of our society. Business leaders have seen the shift AI has created and they are reacting swiftly to stay competitive. They are investing heavily in AI and hiring engineers and other technical professionals to capitalize on AI-based innovations. Engineers are problem solvers, innovators, and at the forefront of AI technologies; their daily jobs require the consumption of an enormous amount of information to solve problems, enhance existing products, or create new products. Engineering positions require extensive interaction with peers, experts, and other experienced engineers in a male-dominated field. Male dominance causes many women engineers to experience more biases and challenges than their male colleagues, especially minority women engineers. As AI infiltrates our society, will the challenges faced by minority women engineers subside or increase and will they participate in and drive innovations using AI? The purpose of this research paper is to assess the workplace sentiment of African American women engineers in the AI field. To assess African American women engineers’ workplace experiences within the AI field, machine learning text analysis was conducted on data extracted from Twitter. The practical implications of this research highlight African American women engineers’ perspectives and experiences, encourages African American women in engineering, and inspires future engineers in AI related careers.

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Cooke, Claire. "Converting Racism." Social Sciences and Missions 31, no. 1-2 (2018): 163–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748945-03101002.

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Abstract African American Charlotte Wright’s book Beneath the Southern Cross: The Story of an American Bishop’s Wife in South Africa (1955) is a unique text. This article uses a womanist theological framework, situated within studies of African American women and religion, to acknowledge that the experiences and writing of Wright must be considered in terms of race, gender, class, and theological influences. By considering these four factors in conjunction it is argued that despite the conservative nature of Wright’s text she subtly, but radically, challenged the erotic gaze and derogatory racial stereotypes of African American inferiority.

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Boles, Richard J. "Documents Relating to African American Experiences of White Congregational Churches in Massachusetts, 1773–1832." New England Quarterly 86, no. 2 (2013): 310–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00280.

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Through membership documents, this essay traces the decline in African American affiliation with Massachusetts Congregational churches-from the pre-Revolutionary era, when enslaved blacks, such as Cuffee Wright, routinely joined Congregational churches, to 1828–32, when four African Americans applying to Lyman Beecher's Boston church were among the last wave of blacks seeking membership in northern white churches.

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Chapagain, Rajendra Prasad. "African American Women, Racism and Triple Oppression." Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (2020): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v1i1.34615.

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African American women have been made multiple victims: racial discrimination by the white community and sexual repression by black males of their own community. They have been subjected to both kind of discrimination - racism and sexism. It is common experience of black American women. Black American women do have their own peculiar world and experiences unlike any white or black men and white women. They have to fight not only against white patriarchy and white women's racism but also against sexism of black men within their own race. To be black and female is to suffer from the triple oppression- sexism, racism and classicism.

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Holosko, Michael J., Harold E. Briggs, and Keva M. Miller. "Do Black Lives Really Matter—To Social Work? Introduction to the Special Edition." Research on Social Work Practice 28, no. 3 (2017): 272–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731517706551.

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This article presents and summarizes the special issue entitled: Practice, Research, and Scholarship on African American. The authors examine the professions’ contradictory actions in partnering with African American scholars, communities, and people to achieve its social justice and civil rights mission. It reintroduces the reader of this collection to June Gary Hopps who originally rung the clarion call to action about the profession’s waffling nature regarding African Americans. The authors overview the collection, which depicts the professions’ lack of focus on issues of race, African American well-being, and oppression experiences. This issue unravels the role played by social work in its meager attention to the plight of African American leaders and faculty, their achievements, and challenges. It also conveys the realities of too few research studies on key issues impacting African Americans. This article concludes with a nudge to the reader to weigh the evidence contained in this serial.

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Lawrence, Suzanne Malia. "African American Athletes’ Experiences of Race in Sport." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 40, no. 1 (2005): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690205052171.

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Phillips, Janice M., Marlene Zichi Cohen, and Anita J. Tarzian. "African American Women's Experiences with Breast Cancer Screening." Journal of Nursing Scholarship 33, no. 2 (2001): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2001.00135.x.

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Simpson, Jamila S., and Eileen Carlton Parsons. "African American perspectives and informal science educational experiences." Science Education 93, no. 2 (2009): 293–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sce.20300.

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Bourjolly, Joretha, Roberta G. Sands, and Dorit Roer-Strier. "African American Women's Experiences Around Conversion to Islam." Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought 32, no. 1 (2013): 14–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15426432.2013.749105.

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Lichtenberg, Peter A., Diane R. Brown, James S. Jackson, and Olivia Washington. "Normative Health Research Experiences Among African American Elders." Journal of Aging and Health 16, no. 5_suppl (2004): 78S—92S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264304268150.

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Schwitzer, Alan M., Oris T. Griffin, Julie R. Ancis, and Celeste R. Thomas. "Social Adjustment Experiences of African American College Students." Journal of Counseling & Development 77, no. 2 (1999): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1999.tb02439.x.

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Davis, Ruth E., Judy E. Mill, and Janice M. Roper. "Trauma and Addiction Experiences of African American Women." Western Journal of Nursing Research 19, no. 4 (1997): 442–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019394599701900403.

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Brown, Erikca. "African American Teachers’ Experiences with Racial Micro-Aggressions." Educational Studies 55, no. 2 (2018): 180–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131946.2018.1500914.

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Rodriguez, Keri L., Cathleen J. Appelt, Amanda J. Young, and Andrea R. Fox. "African American Veterans' Experiences with Mobile Geriatric Care." Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 18, no. 1 (2007): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2007.0016.

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Journal articles on the topic 'African american experiences'

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