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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'African American gay men'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Hucks, Tonya Camille. "Racial and Sexual Orientation Identity and Social Support as Predictors of Sexual Risk-Taking Behavior Among African-American Men Who Have Sex With Men." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1092931926.

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2

Kudler, Benjamin A. "Confronting race and racism social identity in African American gay men : a project based upon an independent investigation /." Click here for text online. Smith College School for Social Work website, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/992.

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Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2007
Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Social Work. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-94).

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3

Crumley, Miles James Allen. "Identity Development of Adolescent Gay Black Males." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1024.

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During adolescence, self-identified gay black males may develop their identities differently than their gay white male counterparts. This may be attributed to the reconciliation of stressors when developing gay, black, and male identities within certain environmental contexts. To investigate this, twelve qualitative interviews were conducted of gay black males from which developmental themes were extracted. While many of the developmental processes are similar to their white homosexual counterparts, some differences were noted regarding racism, objectification by the white gay community, and use of the internet to develop particular identities. A new theory using dynamic systems theory that includes many complexities of identity development is proposed. A hybrid story-like model was developed to illustrate the roles of lenses and buffers as they pertain to how an identity functions. Lenses allow a person to see their way through a variety of experiences; buffers contain coping mechanisms and skills to alleviate tension from negative experiences. Future research should include other minority groups and women for a more complete picture of identity development processes. This would allow better tools to be built that can be utilized by intervention designers.

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4

Wallace, Charles Edward. "AIDS/HIV infection prevention interventions : the experiences and perceptions of gay Black men /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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5

Tyre, Yulanda S. Carney Jamie S. "Understanding African American lesbian and gay identity development within a Historically Black College environment." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1729.

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6

Miller, James MS. "Community-based Participatory Research: HIV in African American Men Who Have Sex with Men." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804829/.

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To date, traditional behavioral interventions have done little to reduce the prevalence and transmission of HIV among African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM), a highly at risk group. Some researchers theorize that the lack of success may be because these interventions do not address contextual factors among AAMSM. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is one approach to research with the potential to lead to effective interventions in the future. CBPR is a collaborative, mixed-methods and multidisciplinary, approach to scientific inquiry, which is conducted with, and within, the community. The current study follows the CBPR approach to engage and develop a relationship with the African American communities in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. Contextual issues were discussed in order to identify emerging themes regarding HIV health related issues among AAMSM to provide the groundwork for continued CBPR research and future interventions with AAMSM in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. To accomplish this goal, researchers began the CBPR process by conducting interviews and focus groups with a sample of approximately 62 (34 from key informant interviews, 28 from focus groups [gender balanced]) AIDS service organization leaders and workers, advocates, medical doctors and community members with first-hand knowledge of HIV health issues in the AAMSM community. Transcripts of these interviews and focus groups were analyzed to identify emerging themes at the societal (religious doctrine, African American Culture, age-related norms and stigma), community (education, religious views/policy and community norms) and individual (disclosure, personal identity, sexual behavior/risk, accessing care and communication) levels. This data was used to create a holistic narrative report that will be used to direct the community advisory board (CAB) and guide future research and interventions.

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7

Jackson, Jr Gregory Wayne. "Objectification of Gay African American Males in the Bondage Discipline Sadism Masochism Community." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4735.

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The purpose of this phenomenological study was to improve the understanding of Sexual Objectification (SO) of gay African American males in the bondage, discipline, sadism, masochism (BDSM) community. Although many studies have been conducted on SO of women and other minority populations, there is a lack of research on the lived experience of gay African American males participating in the BDSM community. The theoretical framework for this study was Fredrickson and Roberts's objectification theory, with a conceptual framework focused on SO that gay African American males experienced while participating in the BDSM community. The research questions were designed to elicit the participants' experiences about their participation in the BDSM community. Ten gay African American males, selected through purposive sampling, described their reasons for participating in the BDSM community, what the participants gained from participating in the BDSM community, how they experienced SO, how they handled these experiences, and how these experiences changed them. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed by hand. The data were analyzed in 3 stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding techniques. Five themes emerged from the interviews: community, gained knowledge and freedom, verbal objectification, avoidance, and mistrust. This study contributes to the existing body of literature and promotes social change by fostering dialog about objectification. Through this dialog, behavioral patterns and cultural norms can be altered over time by increasing awareness about objectification and its effects on people. This study provided gay African American males a voice to discuss a phenomenon that impacts their lives.

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8

Anyaka, Sonya. "Depression and HIV Risk Among African American Men who have Sex with Men." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1185.

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African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) are at a greater risk of contracting HIV than any other ethnic group, subpopulation, or race. Personal, environmental, and social variables can affect risk behavior. Driven by Beck's cognitive theory of depression, this quantitative study examined the relationship between depression and HIV risk behaviors in a sample of AAMSM (n = 108). Data was gathered via the Beck Depression Inventory and the HIV Risk Behavior Questionnaire. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data to determine the correlation between HIV risk behavior and depression. According to study findings, there was no significant relationship found between depression and HIV risk behavior in this sample of AAMSM after accounting for the variance associated with the covariates: age, alcohol and substance use, condom attitudes, HIV knowledge, and income. While the study findings do not indicate depressive symptoms were associated with HIV sexual risk behavior, age, alcohol or drug use, and condom attitudes were significantly and positively related to HIV sexual risk behavior. Future research is recommended to identify factors specific to AAMSM for use in devising African American MSM-centric interventions. The results could inform the development of interventions targeting older AAMSM to alter behaviors associated with alcohol and drug use to impact sexual risk behaviors and reduce HIV transmission in AAMSM, thus resulting in positive social change in their lives and the lives of their families and communities.

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9

Jones, Virgil J. "Boys to men bridging the gap /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.

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10

Collins, Dustin L. "Crossin' Somebody's Line: Gay Black Men in HBO Serial Dramas." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1314810185.

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11

Ford, Obie. ""This is who I am" the lived experiences of Black gay men with an undergraduate degree from a historically Black college or university /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1195566951.

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12

Saleh, Lena Denise. "Sexual risk behaviors of African American men who have sex with men : implication of situational factors and partner dynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669838.

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13

Holliday, Christopher Scott. "Risky Sexual Behavior among African-American Men Who Have Sex with Men: The Effects of Peer Norms for Condom Use on Risky Sexual Behavior as Moderated by Socio-Demographic, Socio-Contextual, and Health-Related Variables." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07282006-143134/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
John Peterson, committee chair; Roger Bakeman, James Emshoff, committee members. Electronic text (79 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Aug. 9, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-79).

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14

Brantz, Colter A. "Location and loss masculinity in James Baldwin /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1317344031&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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15

Cohens, Derrick D. "Blurring boundaries, embracing chaos: the politics of race and sexaulity [sic] in the works of James Baldwin /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594497601&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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16

Brooks, Byron D. "Healthy Identity Development Among Black Same-Gender Loving Men: A Mixed Methods Approach." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3798.

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Black Same-Gender Loving Men (BSGLM) are a population at the juncture of multiple marginalized identities, which may make it difficult to successfully form their identity due to experienced racism and heterosexism from communities to which they belong. Current paradigms of racial/ethnic and sexual identity do not fully capture the complexities of identity development among BSGLM. Moreover, there is scant literature available detailing what the process of identity development looks like among this population and which factors influence identity development among BSGLM. As such, the current study used an exploratory sequential mixed methods design to first discover what healthy identity looks like among BSGLM and which factors influence the process of developing a healthy identity. The study then empirically tested the elucidated factors in order to understand which of them influence identity development among BSGLM. First, a sample of BSGLM living in the U.S. (n = 19) were recruited via online and interviewed for the qualitative phase of the study about their identity development process. Using a Grounded Theory approach, the qualitative data revealed three unique components of healthy identity among BSGLM (e.g., self-affirmation, freedom from social conventions, having unconditional acceptance) and 13 factors that either inhibited or facilitated their identity development process. Qualitative findings were subsequently used to create a survey battery to quantitatively explore the relationships between the identified factors and components of healthy identity among another sample of BSGLM. The generated survey battery was administered to another sample of BSGLM living in the U.S. (n = 54) recruited from social media and organizations that service BSGLM. Bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses examined inhibiting and facilitating factors as predictors of healthy identity. Findings revealed that minority stress-related factors were robust predictors of healthy identity. Specifically, rejection sensitivity from one’s family negatively predicted self-affirmation, frustration with concealing one’s sexual identity positively predicted freedom from social conventions, and experiencing threats/violence positively predicted unconditional acceptance. Results from the study may contribute to the refinement of identity development models among BSGLM and inform clinical interventions that bolster identity development among BSGLM such as transdiagnostic interventions that target minority stress and identity-related concerns.

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Brooks, Byron D. "Healthy Identity Development Among Black Same-Gender Loving Men: A Mixed Methods Approach." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3798.

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Black Same-Gender Loving Men (BSGLM) are a population at the juncture of multiple marginalized identities, which may make it difficult to successfully form their identity due to experienced racism and heterosexism from communities to which they belong. Current paradigms of racial/ethnic and sexual identity do not fully capture the complexities of identity development among BSGLM. Moreover, there is scant literature available detailing what the process of identity development looks like among this population and which factors influence identity development among BSGLM. As such, the current study used an exploratory sequential mixed methods design to first discover what healthy identity looks like among BSGLM and which factors influence the process of developing a healthy identity. The study then empirically tested the elucidated factors in order to understand which of them influence identity development among BSGLM. First, a sample of BSGLM living in the U.S. (n = 19) were recruited via online and interviewed for the qualitative phase of the study about their identity development process. Using a Grounded Theory approach, the qualitative data revealed three unique components of healthy identity among BSGLM (e.g., self-affirmation, freedom from social conventions, having unconditional acceptance) and 13 factors that either inhibited or facilitated their identity development process. Qualitative findings were subsequently used to create a survey battery to quantitatively explore the relationships between the identified factors and components of healthy identity among another sample of BSGLM. The generated survey battery was administered to another sample of BSGLM living in the U.S. (n = 54) recruited from social media and organizations that service BSGLM. Bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses examined inhibiting and facilitating factors as predictors of healthy identity. Findings revealed that minority stress-related factors were robust predictors of healthy identity. Specifically, rejection sensitivity from one’s family negatively predicted self-affirmation, frustration with concealing one’s sexual identity positively predicted freedom from social conventions, and experiencing threats/violence positively predicted unconditional acceptance. Results from the study may contribute to the refinement of identity development models among BSGLM and inform clinical interventions that bolster identity development among BSGLM such as transdiagnostic interventions that target minority stress and identity-related concerns.

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18

Kessler, Laura E. "Examing Links of Racial and Sexual Identity Development, Psychological Well-being, and Sexual Risks Among HIV-Positive, Same Sex Attracted African American Men." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1216915387.

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19

Ford, Obie III. "“This Is Who I Am:” The Lived Experiences of Black Gay Men With an Undergraduate Degree From a Historically Black College or University." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1195566951.

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20

Jackson, Christopher. "#BLACKQUEERLIVESMATTER: Understanding the Lived Experiences of Black Gay Male Leaders in Los Angeles." Chapman University Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/education_dissertations/2.

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The Black community and the gay community have historically experienced marginalization from society, public and private institutions, federal government agencies, and law enforcement. Black gay male leadership is not a conversation within leadership academia. This phenomenological study focuses on understanding the lived experiences and leadership among Black gay men who are leaders in Los Angeles County. This study found that the lived experiences such as oppression, mentorship, community involvement, and advocacy have influenced their leadership development and leadership identity. This study identifies how Black gay men define leadership, based off their lived experiences. It also identifies themes of leadership development for Black gay men. The results have implications for future research and leadership development among Black gay men. Understanding lived experiences of Black gay male leaders and their leadership development can help identify what core foundations/topics could be included in professional development aimed at building leadership development among young Black gay men.

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21

Gignac, Patrick Joseph. "Oppressive relationships/related oppressions ethnicity, gender, and sexuality and the role of gay identity in James Baldwin's Another country and Hubert Fichte's Versuch über die Pubertät /." Connect to this title online, 1996. http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63422.pdf.

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22

Yeboah, Amy Oppong. "(Re)inscribing Meaning: An Examination of the Effective Approaches, Adaptations and Improvisational Elements in Closing the Excellence Gap for Black Students." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/224585.

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African American Studies
Ph.D.
From great African nations like the Ancient Kemites, Akan and Gikuyu, the world witnessed the development of the most powerful social structures, governance systems, ground breaking innovations in science and technology, and systems of thought that still exist today. Hence, in looking at the low performance levels of Black students today, the question becomes, how do the descendants of those who created writing, mathematics, and science; and then in the face of episodic disruptions laid their lives on the line to read, write, and built public schools, Sabbath schools, and Historically Black Colleges and Universities, close the excellence gap between their actual performance and deeply rooted cultural expectations? The present study reviews the essential questions and proposed solutions for closing the excellence gap that have been offered by previous generations of scholars. Africana Studies methodological framing questions were used to examine the long-view experiences of African people as well as a three tier critical ethnographic research methods approach. The study revealed that Black students gained a level of excellence in the face of disruption through: (1) Collective Training, (2) Spiritual and Moral Balance, and (3) Content Mastery. The prerequisite for sustaining educational excellence was found to be in the individual roles female and male representatives play as the primary educators of Black children. Secondly, nurturing a sense of identity through a spiritual understanding of social order and moral responsibility to the collective is also a requirement. Nevertheless, what unites and emerges as the chief element is content mastery. The ability to retain and keep content through listening and reading; and present a level of mastery on that information through speaking, writing and action to solve problems, completes the reciprocal process of educational excellence.
Temple University--Theses

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23

Blount, Jennifer Lynn. "The black male nude a study of John Singer Sargent's Thomas McKeller nude within the context of nineteenth-century art and culture /." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009m/blount.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009.
Title from PDF title page (viewed Sept. 2, 2009). Degree earned with the cooperation of additional faculty from the University of Alabama. Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-91).

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24

Jackson, Charles E. "African American males and their heritage." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999jacksonc.pdf.

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25

Wilkins, Rhonda Dayle. "Swimming upstream a study of Black males and the academic pipeline /." unrestricted, 2005. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12052005-145145/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2005.
1 electronic text (247 p.) : digital, PDF file. Title from title screen. Benjamin Baez, committee chair; Asa G. Hilliard, III, Philo A. Hutcheson, Patricia L. Gregg, committee members. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 10, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 231-247).

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26

Hanna, Jonathan A. "Closet Space: Investigating Gay Identity through Advertising in Gay Media." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3667.

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The objective of this research was to examine advertising in gay media publications, namely, The Advocate, in order to assess how advertising corresponds with gay identity formation. This study differed from previous inquiries in that the application of hegemony theory formed the basis of the project and was used as a tool to explicate the preponderance of certain images in gay media advertising and what they signify for gay men. Likewise, a phenomenological method of analysis was applied to the advertisements in order to render them more accessible as aesthetic and literary mediums. Classifying the advertisements according to their notional basis resulted in the partitioning of the ads into groups or "parables" of advertising, a method of classification which mimics historical categories recognized in American history and culture. The sum of the project emphasizes the hegemonic structures that characterize gay male images within a broader GLBT sociocultural framework.

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27

Reed, Juan Y. "Living on the shorline [sic] an African American gay spirituality /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.

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28

Lower, Jonathan Scott. "The American Blues: Men, Myths, and Motifs." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1340154289.

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29

Taylor, Griffin Sandra. "Successful African-American men : from childhood to adulthood /." New York [u.a.] : Kluwer Academic, 2000. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0818/00021071-d.html.

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30

Raky, Elizabeth Anne. "Examining Binge Eating Rates Between Caucasian-American and African-American Men." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4942.

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Eating disorders (ED) are maladaptive eating patterns that can have social, biological, health, and occupational consequences. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare binge eating episodes, locus of control, and body dissatisfaction between African-American men (n = 66; 53.70%) and Caucasian-American men (n = 57; 46.30%). There is a current gap in the existing literature regarding the study of men who BE and a sampling bias with regard to ethnic minorities. Based on Bandura's social learning theory model and Rotter's locus of control, the purpose of this research was to determine and compare the relationship between BE, locus of control, and body dissatisfaction among African-American and Caucasian-American men. The participants answered a demographic questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Internality, Powerful Others and Chance Scale (IPC), and Body Satisfaction Questionnaire (BSQ). A quantitative research design was used and the chi-square was performed to evaluate the variables of the research questions. The sample population came from the Walden University participants pool and men who are self-described binge eaters from the African-American and Caucasian-American ethnicity in the community. Key results showed that African- American men believed they had less power in their lives, lower levels of body dissatisfaction, and increased feelings of chance in their lives. Recommendations for further research can be to replicate this study using other ethnicities. Implications for social change can include increased knowledge of men that BE which can improve their overall health and quality of life while reducing medical costs.

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31

Plummer, Mary Dianne. "Sexual racism in gay communities : negotiating the ethnosexual marketplace /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9181.

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Phillips, Adrienne Louise. "Keepin' it real the black male's (dis) ability to achieve in higher education /." Greensboro, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. http://libres.uncg.edu/edocs/etd/1447Phillips/umi-uncg-1447.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Feb. 28, 2008). Directed by Hephzibah Roskelly; submitted to the Dept. of English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 136-144).

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Bozeman, Terry. "The good cut the barbershop in the African American literary tradition /." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04242007-132217/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Thomas McHaney, committee chair; Carolyn Denard, Mary Zeigler, committee members. Electronic text (192 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Nov. 5, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 180-192).

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Awopeju, Tayo B. "HIV Testing Among Young African American Men Who Have Sex With Men." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1614.

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Young African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) are at greater risk of being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and less likely to seek HIV testing than are members of other demographic groups. This behavior results in a significant public health threat because young AAMSM with an unrecognized HIV infection are less likely to practice safer sex and, therefore, more likely to pass the infection on to their partners. This study is an examination of the social and personality factors that influence HIV testing rates among young AAMSM, using Aday's model of the social determinants of health and the Big Five model of personality as the theoretical frameworks. A cross-sectional design was employed, and social networks were used to recruit study respondents. Forty-three young AAMSM completed online questionnaires, and multiple regression techniques were used to examine relationships among the variables of interest. Statistical analysis indicated that neither the social risk factors derived from Aday's model nor the Big Five model predicted HIV testing. However, it is unknown whether these nonsignificant findings are attributable to a genuine lack of influence or the unique characteristics of the sample. Given the null results of this study and the mixed findings of prior research, further studies are required to draw conclusions regarding the influence of social and personality factors on HIV testing in this high-risk group. Additional research could be helpful in developing more effective strategies for encouraging HIV testing among young AAMSM. The potential for positive social change lies in slowing the spread of HIV through this vulnerable population and in engaging young AAMSM in the medical system to improve their long-term health prospects.

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Hattingh, Christiaan. "A typology of gay leisure travellers : an African perspective." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2718.

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Thesis (DTech (Tourism and Hospitality Management)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
Over the last two decades, academic literature, various market research studies, and media reports have widely contributed to the belief that the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) market, and more specifically the gay male sub-segment, display favourable characteristics for the tourism industry. As recently as 2017, gay travel was regarded as one of the fastest-growing markets in the international travel industry. It is thus clear that the importance of this market, whether accurate or not, has been well documented over the years and is well known by the tourism industry; however, despite an increasing trend where tourism destinations promote themselves as ‘gay friendly’ in an attempt to attract gay (homosexual) travellers, a segment of the LGBT travel market, these travellers are perceived to be a homogeneous market segment or a niche market as a result of the assumption that gay men and women lead similar lifestyles and because they are homosexual, indicating that sexual orientation is used as the principal distinguishing characteristic of this population. This assumption is problematic and rather simplistic as it conceals many other important variables, and may hinder effective destination marketing. In order to correctly harness the existing potential within this segment, there is a need to overcome the challenge of correctly understanding and adapting the tourism offering to the preferences and needs of gay travellers; hence this research aimed to develop a typology of gay leisure travellers, by segmenting gay travellers into homogeneous sub-segments in an attempt to contribute to the gap in literature regarding this market’s heterogeneity. A web-based electronic survey was completed by 506 gay travellers, and attribute-based benefit segmentation was carried out by applying a hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s procedure with Euclidean distances. The typology is based on the push and pull framework; the motivations of travellers were assessed both in terms of their socio-psychological motivations and destination attributes of Cape Town. A number of conclusions can be drawn from the suggested typology of gay leisure travellers. First, the typology suggests four unique gay travel sub-segments ranging from Passive Relaxers on the one end to Wildlife Explorers, Culinary Enthusiasts/Foodies and Gay-Centric Travellers on the extreme end, which empirically proves that gay travellers are not homogeneous as there are sub-segments of gay travellers with different consumer behaviours. Therefore, these sub-segments may be referred to as niches as individuals within these sub-groups are homogeneous in certain characteristics. Second, there are two sub-segments in which travellers’ behaviour is not influenced by their sexuality, while the sexuality of travellers in the two other sub-segments influences their travel behaviour to varying degrees. Third, there is evidence that the gay traveller is integrating with other larger mainstream market segments and that the literature on gay travel may soon find itself outdated as fewer gay individuals, as the typology shows, base their travel decisions solely on gay-related issues, possibly owing to an increasing societal acceptance of homosexuality and the insignificance of a ‘gay identity’ to many of the post-modern gay generation. Fourth, the typology shows that only a distinct sub-segment, the Gay-Centric Traveller, can be described as a gay tourist and that not all gay travellers or activities by these travellers can be labelled as gay tourism. Fifth, the typology may serve as a framework for relating the destination attributes (pull motivations), to the important push motivations that influence tourist decision making and travel behaviour, and is therefore useful to the destination in developing product and promotional strategies. Consequently, the identified sub-segments, each with its own set of motivations, could help the destination refine its target-marketing strategies and may assist in understanding the different opportunities each sub-segment presents.

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36

Finney, Montenique LaFae. "Self-disclosure and cardiovascular reactivity in African-American and European American men /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486461246817362.

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37

Finney, Montenique L. "Self-Disclosure and Cardiovascular Reactivity in African-American and European American Men." Connect to resource, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1220375731.

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38

Richardson, James Oliver Jr. "Beating the odds pedagogy, praxis and the life-world of four African American men /." [Pensacola, Fla.] : University of West Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/WFE0000086.

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39

Coleman, Tiffany. "Help-Seeking Experiences of African American Men With Depression." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6315.

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Research indicated that depression is now the leading cause of disability globally. Depression and help-seeking experiences among African American men have not been adequately studied. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the help-seeking experiences of African American men with depression. The theoretical framework was Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. Inclusion criteria were (a) African American men, (b) aged 18 through 65, (c) having a medical diagnosis of depression or symptoms of depression, (d) not currently in treatment, and English speaking. Six African American men with depression or depressive symptoms were interviewed. Coding analysis of data generated two major themes: African American men's perceptions of factors that inhibit help-seeking and African American men's perceptions of factors that promote help-seeking. The 6 sub-themes identified were (a) African American men with depression tend to feel misunderstood and stigmatized; (b) some African American men admit to a degree of self-stigma; (c) some African American men deny their depression or any need for help; (d) African American men who had therapy found it helpful until the therapist was changed, causing feelings of mistrust and inadequate mental health care; (e) African American men fear guilt, fear being a burden to others, and feel they should be able to handle their problems; and (f) it is difficult being depressed and Black in America, which leads to stress, frustration, and perceived racism. Findings may be used by mental health professionals seeking to improve cultural competency, mental health and support services, and treatment regiments for African American men with depression.

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Sessoms, Tony Lionel. "Gay and Bisexual American Men in South Korea Who Reported Testing HIV Negative." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/764.

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Gay and bisexual men in the United States and South Korea have some of the highest HIV rates in their countries, and both have the fewest sex education programs and policies for gay and bisexual males in secondary and postsecondary school systems. Consequently, many South Koreans do not view HIV as a South Korean problem, and with American gay and bisexual men living in this type of environment, their HIV sexual protection knowledge and practices may be compromised. The purpose of this study was to gain more understanding and insight into the sex education experiences and sexual practices of gay and bisexual American men living in a large city in South Korea, to determine how they perceived their sex education experiences from the American school system. The theoretical framework was based on Husserl and Heidegger's theory of intentionality. A phenomenological method was employed, utilizing a purposeful and criterion sample of 6 gay and bisexual American men who experienced sex education in the American school system and reported testing HIV negative on their last HIV tests. Data were analyzed and coded to identify categories and themes. The findings revealed that the participants who experienced heterosexual-focused sex education did not find it useful to them as gay men. The implications of these findings for positive social change are to inform policy makers and education leaders of how gay and bisexual American men perceived their sex education experiences and of the value of providing diverse, comprehensive sex education in the school system as it relates to knowledge about HIV and HIV prevention, not only for gay and bisexual males but for all American students as a tool to reduce or prevent new HIV cases.

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Minor, L. Alvis. "Wet, wet boys." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2332.

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Townsend, Monique. "African American males' attitudes toward marriage." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1695.

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This study presents the results from an exploratory study that measured 71 African American males' attitudes toward marriage, their ideal marriage partner, and their attitudes toward African American women.

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Hill, Rena. "Media Violence and its Effects on Young African American Men." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1395248298.

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44

McPeters, Anthony. "Discipling African-American men who make up the socioeconomic underclass." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.

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Wilson, Priscilla Gann. "Living on the down low stories from African American men /." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/27.

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Willis, Taia. "Facilitating Factors and Positive Reasons African American Men Attend Psychotherapy." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6149.

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Researchers have found that African American men are one of the most marginalized, targeted, and disenfranchised groups of people. In the past, African American men were less likely to attend psychotherapy compared to other ethnicities. Barriers to treatment includes the following: distrust in the mental health system, self-reliant behaviors, religious ideologies, cultural stigmas, and the ideology of what it means to be a man and an African American man in America. This study addressed the lack of qualitative studies on the experiences of African American men who attend psychotherapy by exploring the lived experiences of 10 African American men who voluntary attended psychotherapy 2 or more times in their adult lives. Sites of resilience, a theoretical framework for this study, provided an understanding of African American men's resilience and a clinical model for engaging African American men in mental health services. Handcoding was used to organize data by developing categories and later establishing common themes expressed during semistructured interviewing. Five themes emerged from the data: (a) stigmatization, (b) self-awareness, (c) self-realization, (d) emotions, and (e) transition between prepsychotherapy and postpsychotherapy experiences. The understanding of experiences of African American men who have chosen psychotherapy contributes to positive social change by identifying appropriate therapeutic strategies, including emotional regulation and distress tolerance skills. Furthermore, the lived experiences provided by this study's participants can provide direction for additional research to improve the experiences of African American men and mental health services.

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Eppert, James E. "Instructional strategies for building African-American males' self-efficacy." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000eppertj.pdf.

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Oliver, JoAnn Simon. "Prostate screening patterns among African American men in the rural South." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12192007-093453/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Cecilia G. Grindel, committee chair; Armenia Williams, John C. Higgenbotham, committee members. Electronic text (100 p. : ill. (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 21, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-81).

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Yoose, Cora. "African American and Afro-Caribbean American Men’s Prostate Health Knowledge and Beliefs." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2272.

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Approximately one in every seven American men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime. Men of African descent have higher incidence and mortality rates than others. Prostate cancer screening is important because the five-year survival rate is only 31% post-metastasis. The purpose of this study was to assess the likelihood of action for and factors influencing choice regarding prostate screenings. It was also to determine if a relationship existed between ethnicity (African American and Afro-Caribbean American men) and knowledge of prostate health, self-efficacy, perceived barriers to and belief regarding prostate screening. Data collection methods included a focus group (n = 8) among African American and Afro-Caribbean American men (M = 53.8, 10.3) and self-administered surveys (n = 113) among African American (n = 49, 45.4%) and Afro-Caribbean American (n = 38, 35.2%) men (M = 59.5, 16.4) from churches in South Florida using convenience sampling and the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a framework. Knowledge was assessed using a combined version of the Knowledge and Practice of Prostate Health Questionnaire and Prostate Cancer Screening Education (PROCASE) Knowledge Index. Self-efficacy was measured as decisional conflict reported from the Low Literacy Decisional Conflict Scale. Barriers were identified from a Perceived Barriers Survey. Beliefs were measured as spiritual well-being and evaluated using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being, a modified version for non-illness (FACIT-Sp Non-Illness). Almost half of African American (47.9%) and nearly a third (29%) of Afro-Caribbean American participants were unaware of participation or did not participate in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. Findings indicated prostate screening concerns, inadequate knowledge, past negative experiences, and cost may contribute to low prostate screening rates. Both ethnicities did not differ in knowledge of prostate health or self-efficacy for making an informed decision regarding prostate screening. Potential targets for outreach efforts among these ethnic groups could include faith-based medical partnerships to diminish health disparities. Future intervention studies would benefit from a focus on diverse cultures and ethnicities in different settings and culturally appropriate strategies for nurses and other health professionals to use when assisting patients with informed decision making regarding prostate cancer screening.

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Faircloth, Glenn L. "A qualitative study/counter-storytelling a counter-narrative of literacy education for African American males /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1240574908.

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