Academic literature on the topic 'African Americans Preventive health services Medical care'
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Journal articles on the topic "African Americans Preventive health services Medical care"
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Alsan, Marcella, Owen Garrick, and Grant Graziani. "Does Diversity Matter for Health? Experimental Evidence from Oakland." American Economic Review 109, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 4071–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20181446.
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We study the effect of physician workforce diversity on the demand for preventive care among African American men. In an experiment in Oakland, California, we randomize black men to black or non-black male medical doctors. We use a two-stage design, measuring decisions before (pre-consultation) and after (post-consultation) meeting their assigned doctor. Subjects select a similar number of preventives in the pre-consultation stage, but are much more likely to select every preventive service, particularly invasive services, once meeting with a racially concordant doctor. Our findings suggest black doctors could reduce the black-white male gap in cardiovascular mortality by 19 percent. (JEL I12, I14, C93)
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Earle, Craig C., Harold J. Burstein, Eric P. Winer, and Jane C. Weeks. "Quality of Non–Breast Cancer Health Maintenance Among Elderly Breast Cancer Survivors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, no. 8 (April 15, 2003): 1447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.03.060.
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Purpose: To assess the quality of preventive health care, the role of health care participation, and the patient and provider characteristics associated with high-quality care for breast cancer survivors. Methods: We analyzed the 1997 to 1998 Medicare data of elderly women who were diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer in 1991 or 1992 while living in a Survival, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) tumor registry area and who survived to the end of 1998 without evidence of cancer recurrence. Controls were matched for age, race, and geographic location. Results: The 5,965 breast cancer survivors received more preventive services (influenza vaccination, lipid testing, cervical and colon screening, and bone densitometry) than matched controls. Among both groups, those who were younger, non–African-American, of higher socioeconomic status, living in urban areas, and receiving care in a teaching center were most likely to receive high-quality health maintenance. Those survivors who continued to see oncology specialists were more likely to receive appropriate follow-up mammography for their cancer, but those who were monitored by primary care physicians were more likely to receive all other non–cancer-related preventive services. Those who saw both types of practitioners received more of both types of services. When the control group was restricted only to women actively undergoing mammographic screening before the study period, receipt of preventive services was similar. Conclusion: Breast cancer survivors receive high-quality preventive services, but disparities on the basis of nonmedical factors still exist. Cancer follow-up may provide regular contact with the health system, maximizing the likelihood of receiving appropriate general medical care.
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Bedimo, Ariane Lisann, Steven D. Pinkerton, Deborah A. Cohen, Bradley Gray, and Thomas A. Farley. "Condom distribution: a cost–utility analysis." International Journal of STD & AIDS 13, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 384–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646202760029804.
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Objective: To explore the cost-effectiveness of a condom distribution programme. Methods: We conducted a cost-utility analysis of a social marketing campaign in which over 33 million condoms were made freely available throughout Louisiana. Surveys among 275,000 African Americans showed that condom use increased by 30%. Based on the estimated cost of the intervention and costs of HIV/AIDS-associated medical treatment, we estimated the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) saved, and number of HIV infections averted by the programme. Results: The programme was estimated to prevent 170 HIV infections and save 1909 QALYs. Over $33 million in medical care costs were estimated to be averted, resulting in cost savings. Sensitivity analyses showed that these results were quite stable over a range of estimates for the main parameters. Condom increases as small as 2.7% were still cost-saving. Conclusion: Condom distribution is a community-level HIV prevention intervention that has the potential to reach large segments of the general population, thereby averting significant numbers of HIV infections and associated medical costs. The intervention is easy to scale up to large populations or down to small populations. The financial and health benefits of condom social marketing support making it a routine component of HIV prevention services nationally.
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Wagner, K., A. Szabo, C. Zheng, E. Okunseri, and C. Okunseri. "Billed and Paid Amounts for Preventive Procedures in Dental Medicaid." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 4, no. 4 (April 23, 2019): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084419842533.
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Objective: To examine trends and variations in billed and paid amounts for preventive dental procedures by race/ethnicity, age, and sex in Wisconsin dental Medicaid. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2001 to 2013 Wisconsin Medicaid claims database for preventive dental procedures for children and adults. Billed and paid amounts for preventive dental procedures were aggregated over a visit and adjusted for inflation based on the Medical Care Consumer Price Index produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for 2013. Quantile regression was used to examine the trends over time and the effect of patient demographics. Result: At the 50th and 75th percentiles, the overall billed amounts for preventive dental procedures were $84.97 and $105.53, and the paid amounts were $35.80 and $41.66, respectively. At the 75th percentile, there was a $2.24 increase per year in the billed amount and a $26.88 overall increase from 2001 to 2013. In the paid amount, there was a $1.34 decrease per year for an overall $16.07 decrease from 2001 to 2013. Billed and paid claims for racial/ethnic minority enrollees were $1 to $3 higher per visit at the 75th percentile when compared with those of Whites. Regarding the billed:paid ratio, White, African American, and Hispanic enrollees had values of 50% to 52%, whereas American Indians had the lowest value at 47.7%. At the 75th percentile, children aged 10 to 19 y had significantly higher billed ($26.73) and paid ($9.92) amounts than did adults aged 20 to 69 y. Conclusion: The billed amount increased over time, and the paid amount decreased after adjustment for inflation. In addition, there was a wide gap between billed and paid amounts over time. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This study highlights clear differences between paid and billed amounts in Wisconsin dental Medicaid. The financial health of dental practices is dependent on appropriate reimbursement for dental services provided; thus, information of this nature could serve as a proxy performance measure for access to preventive dental care. Findings from this study could be used by policy makers and dental Medicaid program managers to develop outcome metrics to improve access to preventive dental services.
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Cuellar, Alison, Anthony T. LoSasso, Mona Shah, Alicia Atwood, and Tanya R. Lewis-Walls. "Wellness Programs With Financial Incentives Through Disparities Lens." American Journal of Health Promotion 32, no. 2 (December 4, 2017): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117117743362.
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Purpose: To examine wellness programs with financial incentives and their effect on disparities in preventive care. Design: Financial incentives were introduced by 15 large employers, from 2010 to 2013. Setting: Fifteen private employers. Subjects: A total of 299 436 employees and adult dependents. Measures: Preventive services and participation in financial incentives. Analysis: Multivariate linear regression. Results: Disparities in preventive services widened after introduction of financial incentives. Asians were 3% more likely and African Americans were 3% less likely to receive wellness rewards than whites and non-Hispanics, controlling for other factors. Conclusion: Federal law limits targeting of wellness financial incentives by subgroups; thus, employers should consider outreach and culturally appropriate messaging.
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Crowe, Remle P., Roger Levine, Jennifer J. Eggerichs, and Melissa A. Bentley. "A Longitudinal Description of Emergency Medical Services Professionals by Race/Ethnicity." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 31, S1 (November 28, 2016): S30—S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x16001072.
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AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this paper was to compare demographics, employment variables, satisfaction, and motivation for entering the field of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) between members of under-represented races/ethnicities and members of the majority group.MethodsA cohort of nationally certified EMS professionals was followed for 10 years through annual surveys; however, race/ethnicity was only available for 9 years (2000-2008). Descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and significance was determined by lack of CI overlap.ResultsFrom 2000 through 2008, the range of proportions of nationally certified EMS professionals by race/ethnicity was as follows: whites: 83.5%-86.0%, Hispanics: 4.2%-5.9%, and African-Americans: 2.5%-4.6%. There were no significant changes in the proportion of minority EMS professionals over the study period. Hispanics and African-Americans combined increased slightly from 6.7% of the population in 2000 to 9.9% in 2008. Likewise, the proportion of all under-represented races/ethnicities increased slightly from 2000 (14.0%) to 2008 (16.5%). Females were under-represented in all years. Nationally certified African-Americans were significantly more likely to be certified at the Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)-Basic level (compared with the EMT-Paramedic level) than whites in all but one survey year. The proportion of Hispanics registered at the EMT-Basic level was significantly higher than whites in three survey years. Accordingly, a larger proportion of whites were nationally registered at the EMT-Paramedic level than both African-Americans and Hispanics. A significantly larger proportion of African-Americans reported working in urban communities (population >25,000) compared with whites for nine of the 10 survey years. Similarly, a significantly larger proportion of Hispanics worked in urban communities compared with whites in 2002 and from 2005 to 2008. For satisfaction measures, there were no consistent differences between races/ethnicities. Among factors for entering EMS, the proportion of whites who reported having a friend or family member in the field was significantly higher than African-Americans in all years and significantly higher than Hispanics in four of the nine years.ConclusionThe ethnic/racial diversity of the population of nationally certified EMS professionals is not representative of the population served and has not improved over the 2000-2008 period. Similar to other health care professions, Hispanics and African-Americans are under-represented in EMS compared with the US population. This study serves as a baseline to examine under-represented populations in EMS.CroweRP, LevineR, EggerichsJJ, BentleyMA. A longitudinal description of Emergency Medical Services professionals by race/ethnicity. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(Suppl. 1):s30–s69.
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Stark, Azadeh, Bruce A. Jones, Deborah Chapman, Karen Well, Richard Krajenta, Frederick A. Meier, and Richard J. Zarbo. "Clinical Laboratory Specimen Rejection—Association With the Site of Patient Care and Patients' Characteristics: Findings From a Single Health Care Organization." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 588–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-588-clsrwt.
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Abstract Context.—Programs to track laboratory quality have reported aggregated specimen rejection rates ranging from 0.30% to 0.83%. Because the performance of the laboratory, rather than errors, has been the focus, reasons for specimen rejection or demographic characteristics of individuals at risk for specimens of poor quality may not be fully understood. Objective.—To calculate the proportions of rejected specimens stratified by point of collections and demographic information of patients. Design.—Retrospective cross-sectional study. Data were retrieved from the intrainstitutional electronic databases. Results.—The proportions of specimens that were rejected in the emergency department and inpatient services were 2-fold and more than 5-fold higher, respectively, than for the outpatient services. Assessment of data by patients' ethnic heritages yielded no significant differences among African Americans (0.38%), Caucasians (0.38%), or “Others” (0.35%) in the outpatient services (P = .07). In the emergency department, the proportions of rejected specimens for African Americans (2.24%) were almost twice that of Caucasians (1.39%) and 30% higher than for Others (1.70%). A similar finding was observed for the inpatient services. Conclusions.—The effect of ethnicity on the proportions of rejected specimens was significant for samples that were collected in the emergency department and inpatient services, even after adjusting for the total number of specimens. A constellation of factors, that is, disease severity and seriousness, practice of blood sample collection, and lesser proficiency of the nursing staff in phlebotomy may be reasons for this observation. However, the likelihood of differential care, although unlikely, cannot be refuted by the present data.
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Tucker, Carolyn M., Guillermo M. Wippold, Andrea D. Guastello, Tya M. Arthur, Frederic F. Desmond, Brian M. Rivers, Jenna L. Davis, Desiree Rivers, and B. Lee Green. "Predictors of Cancer Screening Among Culturally Diverse Men." American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 4 (April 26, 2016): 837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988316644398.
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Men have higher rates of all cancers and are more likely to die from cancer than women; however, men are less likely to utilize disease prevention services. African American/Black men and Hispanic men have lower cancer survival rates and are less likely to utilize health care services than non-Hispanic White men. The present study examined demographic variables (age, household income, education, marital status, race/ethnicity, health insurance status), motivators to engage in healthy eating, and motivators to engage in physical activity as predictors of culturally diverse, medically underserved men’s likelihood of getting a cancer screening (a) at the present time, (b) if no cancer symptoms are present, and (c) if a doctor discovers some cancer symptoms. Analyses were conducted using data from 243 men (47.3% non-Hispanic Black, 29.5% Hispanic, 16.5% non-Hispanic White, and 6.8% “other”) recruited at the Men’s Health Forum in Tampa, Florida. Age, having a medical or health condition that benefits from eating healthy, and having a commitment to physical activity were significant positive predictors of the likelihood of receiving a cancer screening. Motivation to engage in physical activity because of a personal priority was a significant negative predictor of the likelihood of getting a cancer screening. The findings from this study suggest that interventions to increase cancer screenings among culturally diverse, medically underserved men should be informed at least in part by an assessment of participating men’s motivators for engaging in health promoting lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity and healthy eating.
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Winston, Carole A., Paula Leshner, Jennifer Kramer, and Gillian Allen. "Overcoming Barriers to Access and Utilization of Hospice and Palliative Care Services in African-American Communities." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 50, no. 2 (March 2005): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/qqkg-epfa-a2fn-ghvl.
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While there is ample evidence to support the need for hospice and palliative care services for African Americans, only 8% of patients who utilize those services are from African-American communities. The underutilization of end-of-life and palliative care can be attributed to several barriers to service access including incompatibility between hospice philosophy and African-American religious, spiritual, and cultural beliefs; health care disparities; distrust of the medical establishment; physician influence; financial disincentives, and hospice admission criteria. Suggestions for dismantling barriers to care access include developing culturally competent professionals in the health and human services, expanding the philosophy of hospice to include spiritual advisors from client communities, and funding national initiatives to promote improved access to health care at all stages in the life cycle of members of all underserved communities.
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Garza, Juan F., Michelle Janania Martinez, Prathibha Surapaneni, Tyler W. Snedden, Snegha Ananth, David J. Gregorio, Sushanth Kakarla, et al. "Does Insurance Status Interfere with Outcomes in Patients with Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?: The UT Health San Antonio Experience." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-129085.
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Introduction: Historically, a lack of health insurance has been reported to correlate with decreased access to medical care, a delay in cancer treatment and poorer outcomes overall. Furthermore, access to preventive services for cancer screening also decrease with lack of medical insurance (1, 2). Also, studies report that an increase in Medicaid expansion help reduce racial disparities previously seen between African American and Caucasian patients (3). The aim of this study was to present and analyze vitality data based on insurance coverage among Hispanic (HI) and non-Hispanic (NH) population at the only NCI designated cancer center of South Texas primarily serving Hispanics. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of a cohort of patients seen with diagnosis of lymphoma by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes from 2008 to 2018 at UT Health San Antonio. Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) cases were not included. Variables included age of diagnosis, lymphoma subtype, stage at diagnosis, comorbidities, treatment received, lines of therapy, B symptoms present, death, and cause of death and current vitality status. Continuously distributed outcomes were summarized with the mean and standard deviation and categorical outcomes were summarized with frequencies and percentages. The significance of variation in the mean with disease category was assessed with one-way ANOVA and the significance of associations between categorical outcomes was assessed with Pearson's Chi Square or Fisher's Exact test as appropriate. Multivariate logistic regression was used to model binary outcomes in terms of covariates and indicators of disease. All statistical testing was two-sided with a significance level of 5%. R1 was used throughout. Primary end point was to characterize insurance status. Secondary end points - overall 3 and 5-year survival based on insurance and demographics. Results: A total of 477 patients with lymphoma were identified. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)( n = 116, 24%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (n = 308, 65%), T cell lymphoma (TCL) ( n = 53, 11%). Subtypes for all indolent lymphomas ( n = 217), of which included; Follicular lymphoma (FL) ( n = 123), Marginal Zone lymphoma (MZL) ( n = 53), Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL) (n = 8), Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) ( n = 28). Overall mean age of diagnosis for all lymphoma subtypes was 51, male patients (n = 244, 51%), female patients (n = 232, 49%), HI (n = 263, 56%) vs NH (n = 204, 44%), Mean BMI at diagnosis was 29 across all lymphoma groups. Most patients identified had Medicare (MC) (n = 115, 24%), or commercial insurance (CI) ( n = 222, 47%), others were approved for indigent care coverage (ICC) (n = 85, 18%), for Medicaid (MI) (n = 17, 4%), or unfunded (UF)( n = 35, 7%). Of those diagnosed with HL (n = 116); 60% (70) had MC or CI, 40% (46) had ICC, MI or were UF. Of those with Indolent Lymphomas (n = 217), 77% (166) had MC or CI and 23% (49) had ICC, MI or UF; and among patients with T cell lymphomas (n = 53), 63% (22) had MC or CI and 37% (13) ICC, MI or UF respectively. Overall number of HI patients alive at 3 years with MC or CI was 98 and 5 recorded deaths. Those with ICC or MI/UF were 52 and 11 respectively. Comparison of vitality data at 3 years follow up among both groups did not show a difference with a fisher p value of 0.056. Overall number of NH alive at 3 years with MC or CI was 90 and 11 recorded deaths. Those with ICC or MI/UF were 21 and 3 respectively. Comparison of vitality data at 3 years follow up among both groups did not show a difference with a fisher p value of 0.173. Overall number of HI alive at 5 years with MC or CI was 78 and 7 recorded deaths. Those with ICC or MI/UF were 36 and 11 respectively. Comparison of vitality data at 5 years follow up among both groups did not show a difference with a fisher p value of 0.064. Overall number of NH alive at 5 years with MC or CI was 70 and 14 recorded deaths and those with ICC or MI/UF were 16 and 4 respectively. Comparison of vitality data at 5 years follow up among both groups did not show a difference with a fisher p value of 0.169. Conclusion: Across all HI and NH, at the 3 and 5 year follow up mark, there was no significant vitality difference shown in our patient population between those with CI and or MC vs those with MI, ICC or UF. This study demonstrated that across all lymphoma subtypes, patients with access to healthcare had similar outcomes in vitality irrespective of demographics or insurance. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "African Americans Preventive health services Medical care"
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McKnight, Madalyn. "Utilization of Preventative Care Services by African Americans Post-Affordable Care Act." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7700.
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Preventative care services allow patients to be fully equipped with the knowledge, tools, and other resources to help them discover and treat many diseases and illnesses so that the burden of costs will not fall on patients and their families. Since the passage of the Affordable Care of Act (ACA) by President Barack Obama, the requirement for health insurance coverage has not translated to utilization of preventative care services. The purpose of this study is to determine the motivation for African Americans who have insurance coverage and access to care who are not taking advantage of opportunities for screenings and health education. The health belief model was used to determine how belief and modifying factors influence health decisions. The quantitative study required use of a secondary dataset to determine utilization of preventative care services, insurance affordability, future access to care and understanding of the health care law. The study included testing the statistical significance of these factors among African Americans, White Americans, and Hispanic Americans who participated in the Healthy Americas Survey. Using the program SPSS to process data analyzation and organize output, results reveal that African American participants are concerned about the future ability to access and afford care. With a history of distrust amongst African Americans and the health industry, social implications are for administrators and providers to bridge the gap by offering health education to those in their immediate communities and requesting and implementing feedback from those same individuals.
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Sanchez, Patricia Elizabeth. "Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among minority groups." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2840.
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The purpose of this study was twofold. First, the study evaluated Loma Linda University Medical Center's (LLUMC) Diabetes Treatment Center's (DTC) effectiveness in providing diabetes education and services to high risk minority populations. Second, the results of the study helped the DTC determine the need for expanding its present efforts in the form of community health prevention services to San Bernardino County residents.
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Duro, Charles. "Effects of Lifestyle Changes on the Health of African Americans With Type 2 Diabetes." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4362.
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African Americans are adversely affected by Type 2 diabetes at a greater rate than their European American counterparts; however, research on the effects of Type 2 diabetes on African Americans is limited. Lifestyle modifications that include the incorporation of physical activity and dietary changes can help patients with Type 2 diabetes better manage their disease and improve their overall quality of health. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of African Americans with Type 2 diabetes who incorporated these self-management behaviors, discerning if they had improved health and quality of life. The self-efficacy framework was applied to understand the research problem and interpret study results. An in-depth interview protocol was used to explore participants' perspectives and lived experiences in disease management. Interview transcripts and participant data were analyzed using a thematic-content-analysis approach. According to study findings, participants experienced physical activity and dietary changes, and their self-efficacy directly correlated with their experience of positive changes in their health status. Providing programs that support the adoption of healthy lifestyles for this population will help mitigate the later effects of diabetic complications. Implications for social change include the provision of strategies that will help in formulating programs and policies that will reduce diabetic complications and deaths due to complications.
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Cuevas, Adolfo Gabriel. "Exploring Four Barriers Experienced by African Americans in Healthcare: Perceived Discrimination, Medical Mistrust, Race Discordance, and Poor Communication." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/615.
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For many health conditions, African Americans bear a disproportionate burden of disease, injury, death, and disability compared to European Americans. African Americans also use health services less frequently than do European Americans and this underuse of services contributes to health disparities in the United States. Studies have shown that some disparities are present not as a result of poor access to care, but, to a certain extent, as a result of the experiences patients have at their doctors' offices. It is, therefore, essential to understand African American patients' perspectives and experiences with healthcare providers. Past studies have shown that four barriers affect the quality of patient-provider relationships for African Americans: perceived discrimination, medical mistrust, race discordance, and poor communication. The studies, however, have not looked at how these barriers manifest when African Americans speak about their perspectives and experiences with health care providers. This project was a secondary data analysis of qualitative data provided by adult African American community members from Portland, Oregon with diabetes or hypertension or both, each of whom participated in one of 10 focus groups. The focus groups were conducted as part of a study that applied community based participatory research (CBPR) principles to understand patients' experiences with their doctors. Using a deductive approach, this analysis enhanced the understanding of how the barriers play a role in patient-provider relationships. Further, the analysis showed how the barriers are interrelated. In learning African American patients' experiences and perspectives on these four key barriers, the investigator proposes recommendations for healthcare providers as to how they can best deliver quality care for African Americans.
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Longoria, Jicela Fernandez Maria E. Piller Linda Beth. "The use of culturally related health practices and health care utilization among Hispanic women in farmworker communities." 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1450282.
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Deka, Ankita. "RACIAL DISPARITIES IN SELF REPORTED HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION. DOES PRIMARY CARE MATTER?" 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3044.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)A significant body of literature has accumulated in the last decade that provides evidence of the growing health care disparities among racial and ethnic groups in the United States. The literature suggests that Black adults share a disproportionate burden in death, disability, and disease. In 2002, the Institute of Medicine report, Unequal Treatment, showed that racial-ethnic disparities in health cannot be entirely attributed to problems of health care access, clinical performance, or patients’ personal characteristics. Many studies have shown that institutional and individual level discrimination that Blacks face in the health care system impacts their health status. This study used secondary data analysis to examine how primary care experience impacts self-reported health status and health care utilization among Black adults. Data were from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) implemented by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Specifically, MEPS Panel 10 (2005-2006) and Panel 11 (2006-2007) data were used in the analyses. The final sample comprised of N=15,295 respondents ages 18 and over. Logistic regression analyses were carried out using Stata Statistical Software, version 11. The study results reflect the disparities among Blacks and Whites on self-reported health and health care utilization. Blacks were 15% less likely to report good health status compared to Whites and had 0.11 less expected office-based doctor visits. Respondents who had better primary care experience had 0.05 times higher expected office-based doctor visits than respondents who did not have good primary care experience. Health care Social Workers should advocate for structural changes in health policy that will take into account the historical marginalization and contemporary inequities that continue to encompass the lives of many Black Americans.
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Zuma, Sibusiso Memory. "Framework for provision of essential medicines for the district health services." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22792.
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The purpose of this study was to develop a framework for provision of essential medicines for the district health services. A qualitative descriptive, exploratory and contextual action research design was followed. The data collection was conducted through site visits and semi structured interviews targeting the responsible pharmacists who were purposively selected on the basis of their expert knowledge and experiences from the eight of the nine provinces of the Republic of South Africa which is a developing country with limited resources for provision of healthcare services.
The study found that there was no standardised framework for provision of essential medicines for the District Health Services. Based on the site visits and action research findings a proposed framework covering the selection, procurement, warehousing, distribution and management support components for provision of essential medicines for district health services was developed and subjected to national pharmaceutical experts and district health services managers review and critique which is finally presented, after taking into consideration the experts inputs as a proposed framework emanating from the study. The proposed framework will contribute towards improving the provisioning and availability of essential medicines within the district health services.Health Studies
D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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deRose, Barbara Sue. "The lived experience of obtaining required childhood vaccinations from Latino immigrants’ perspective." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4605.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Vaccinations are an important step in preventing childhood illnesses and disease outbreaks in the community. Complete immunizations before school assure eligibility for enrollment and protect children against severe illness. The fact that foreign-born children of Latino immigrants face health disparities in receiving vaccinations is well documented. However, there is little information in the literature about the actual experience of immigrants facing the complexities of the health system, and through their eyes, which factors ultimately affect vaccination rates of immigrant Latino children. The purpose of this study is to give voice to Latino immigrant families who have recently immigrated to the United States, in terms of the issues they encountered when engaging the health care system for vaccinations.
Books on the topic "African Americans Preventive health services Medical care"
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Resources, United States Congress Senate Committee on Labor and Human. Solving the urban health care crisis: The role for prevention : hearing of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, on examining urban health care problems and the role of health delivery in preventive medicine in this commonwealth and in this city, throwing light on the problems of the nation and on legislation which hopefully will be enacted this year, March 15, 1993 (Philadelphia, PA). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Solving the urban health care crisis: The role for prevention : hearing of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, on examining urban health care problems and the role of health delivery in preventive medicine in this commonwealth and in this city, throwing light on the problems of the nation and on legislation which hopefully will be enacted this year, March 16, 1993 (Philadelphia, PA). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.
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1955-, Taylor Sandra E., and Austin John N, eds. Building health coalitions in the Black community. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 2000.
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William, Darity, Roberson Noma L, and William Monroe Trotter Institute, eds. Health and medical care of African-Americans. Westport, Conn: Auburn House, 1993.
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Reed, Wornie L. The health and medical care of African-Americans. [Boston]: William Monroe Trotter Institute, University of Massachusetts at Boston, 1992.
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African Americans' health care practices, perspectives, and needs. Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 2005.
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Preventative care: The basic ingredients for better health care in older Americans : hearing before the Select Committee on Aging, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, June 1, 1990, Tom River, N.J. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
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Directing health messages toward African Americans: Attitudes toward health care and the mass media. New York: Garland Pub., 1998.
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Psychosocial aspects of chronic illness and disability among African Americans. Westport, Conn: Auburn House, 1998.
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Aging, United States Congress House Select Committee on. Preventative [sic] care: The basic ingredients for better health care in older Americans : hearing before the Select Committee on Aging, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, June 1, 1990, Toms River, NJ. Washington [D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "African Americans Preventive health services Medical care"
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Key, Kent. "Addressing the Under-Representation of African American Public Health Researchers: The Flint Youth Public Health Academy." In Leading Community Based Changes in the Culture of Health in the US - Experiences in Developing the Team and Impacting the Community. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98459.
Full textAbstract:
In order to meet the health needs of a culturally diverse population, the United States public health workforce must become ethnically diversified to provide culturally competent care. The underrepresentation of minority, specifically African American public health professionals may be a contributing factor to the high rates of preventable health disparities in the African American community. Studies have shown that racial/ethnic communities bear the highest disparities across multiple health outcomes. African Americans, when compared with European Americans, suffer the greatest rates of health disparities, thus providing the justification to increase minority public health professionals. In addition, studies suggest that minorities are more likely to seek medical and health services from individuals of the same ethnicity. This will assist in decreasing language and comprehension barriers and increase the cultural competence of the health providers who serve populations from their ethnic/cultural origin. This chapter will highlight a 2014 study designed to explore and identify motivators for African Americans to choose public health as a career. African American public health professionals and graduate students were engaged to discuss their career and educational trajectories and motivators for career choice. Using qualitative research methods, this study was guided by the following research question: what are the motivating factors to engage African Americans into careers in public health? The study was approved by the Walden University Institutional Review Board and was conducted in 2014. The results of this study have served as the blueprint for the creation of the Flint Public Health Youth Academy (FPHYA). Coincidently the 2014 study was wrapping up at the genesis of the Flint Water Crisis (FWC). The FWC impacted residents of all ages in Flint. Specifically, the youth of Flint were exposed to lead (a neuro-toxin) and other contaminants through the water system which impacted them physically and cognitively. National media outlets disseminated headlines across the world that Flint youth would have behavioral (aggression) issues and struggle academically as a result of their exposure to lead. The FPHYA was designed to provide positive messages to and about Flint youth. It is an introduction to careers in public health, medicine, and research for Flint Youth. It creates a space for Flint youth to work through their lived experience of the FWC while learning the important role public health and research plays in recovering from an environmental public health crisis. More importantly, it is a pathway to public health careers providing didactic sessions, local mentors and internships.