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Journal articles on the topic 'African Archaeology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 August 2024

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1

Lane, Paul. "African archaeology today." Antiquity 75, no. 290 (December 2001): 793–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00089298.

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For most archaeologists across the globe, mention of Africa in the context of archaeological research will probably bring to mind the important discoveries of early stone tools and hominid remains in eastern and southern Africa, the spectacular stone-walled enclosures and other structures at Great Zimbabwe, and images of ‘tribal’ culture, subsistence practices, artefacts and housing that, to some Western eyes at least, can seem reminiscent of a more distant non-African past. For some, the architectural and artistic splendours of Egyptian civilization may also form part of this image of archaeology on the continent, although for complex geopolitical, historical and academic reasons the study of Egyptian archaeology, in all but a few instances, continues to be regarded as distinct from that of the rest of Africa. While accepting that the preceding sentences are something of a caricature of the non-Africanist’s understanding and perception of the work of archaeologists on the continent, and that general introductory texts on archaeological methods and theory nowadays give wider coverage of African case-studies than was the case even a decade ago (e.g. Renfrew & Bahn 1991; Fagan 1995), the level of awareness of the breadth of African archaeology, current discoveries and research issues, as well as the many problems that practitioners and managers face on a daily basis, remains abysmally low.

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2

SCHMIDT, PETER R., and JONATHAN R. WALZ. "HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY IN AFRICA: NOBLE CLAIMS, REVISIONIST PERSPECTIVES, AND AFRICAN VOICES? African Historical Archaeologies. Edited by Andrew M. Reid and Paul J. Lane. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2004. Pp. 408. $70, paperback (ISBN 0-306-47996-6)." Journal of African History 46, no. 2 (July 2005): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853705000484.

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The editors of this volume affiliate their mission with an amplified and heightened sense of history that has swept Africanist scholarship in the post-independence era. They claim to take historical archaeology in Africa in a new direction by beginning the process of constructive interaction between history and archaeology (pp. 27-8). An intended component of their project is to create ‘alternative histories rooted in explicitly African sources’ (p. 16). They further raise our anticipation that the volume will examine the disjuncture between the practice of archaeology and contemporary life on most of the continent. This is a noble sentiment, yet the contributors fail to draw on African scholars who attempt to make archaeology pertinent to daily African lives. The editors' insistence on African representations in writing the past is poignantly contradicted by the paucity of African authors in their volume fourteen years after Peter Robertshaw's A History of African Archaeology was faulted for its failure to include more than two (non-white) African contributors. This practice largely restricts knowledge production to hegemonic Western perspectives and subverts the book's primary rhetorical theme of giving ‘voice’ to silenced African pasts. The cost of the paperback – $70 – also hinders access to African readers and their capacity to engage issues that arise in the fourteen chapters, three of which focus on West Africa, three on East Africa, one on North Africa and five on southern Africa.

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3

Gabel, Creighton, and David W. Phillipson. "African Archaeology." International Journal of African Historical Studies 19, no. 1 (1986): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/218720.

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4

Bisson, Michael S., and David W. Phillipson. "African Archaeology." International Journal of African Historical Studies 28, no. 3 (1995): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/221185.

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5

Sheppard, Peter J., and David W. Phillipson. "African Archaeology." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 21, no. 1 (1987): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485116.

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6

Humphreys, A. J. B., and D. W. Phillipson. "African Archaeology." South African Archaeological Bulletin 40, no. 142 (December 1985): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3888466.

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7

Smith, A. B., and D. W. Phillipson. "African Archaeology." South African Archaeological Bulletin 49, no. 159 (June 1994): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3889174.

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8

Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P., and David W. Phillipson. "African Archaeology." American Historical Review 91, no. 2 (April 1986): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1858255.

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9

Robertshaw, Peter. "Rivals No More: Jan Vansina, Precolonial African Historiography, and Archaeology." History in Africa 45 (June 2018): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hia.2018.14.

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Abstract:This tribute to Jan Vansina explores the role of archaeology in the investigation of early African history, arguing for more work on the relationship between politics and the practice of ritual. The well-trodden topic of migrations of Bantu-speakers is revisited to examine the potential of genetics and archaeology to contribute to their investigation. Vansina often claimed to be a positivist and empiricist but there are contradictions in his writings that are tied to his changing vision of the purpose of precolonial African historiography. His view that African history must be meaningful to Africans resonates with recent developments in African archaeology.

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10

Sutton, John E. G. "Forgotten Africa: An Introduction to its Archaeology, African Connections: An Archaeological Perspective on Africa and the Wider World, African Archaeology, African Archaeology: A Critical Introduction." Antiquaries Journal 86 (September 2006): 402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000358150000024x.

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11

SCHMIDT, PETER R. "HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY IN EAST AFRICA: PAST PRACTICE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS." Journal of African History 57, no. 2 (June 9, 2016): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853715000791.

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AbstractThis forum article explores the major intellectual trajectories in the historical archaeology of Eastern Africa over the last sixty years. Two primary perspectives are identified in historical archaeology: one that emphasizes precolonial history and oral traditions with associated archaeology, and another that focuses mostly on the era of European contact with Africa. The latter is followed by most North American practice, to the point of excluding approaches that privilege the internal dynamics of African societies. African practice today has many hybrids using both approaches. Increasingly, precolonial historical archaeology is waning in the face of a dominant focus on the modern era, much like the trend in African history. New approaches that incorporate community participation are gaining favor, with positive examples of collaboration between historical archaeologists and communities members desiring to preserve and revitalize local histories.

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12

Schmidt, Peter R., and Jonathan R. Walz. "Re-Representing African Pasts through Historical Archaeology." American Antiquity 72, no. 1 (January 2007): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40035298.

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Historical archaeology in Africa has long privileged issues framed in terms of European sources and the impact of imperialism and colonialism on African peoples. With its emphasis on modernity, historical archaeology of this persuasion overlooks historical archaeologies concerned with revising metanarratives that misrepresent African pasts. We argue that historical archaeologists need to listen to local histories, often held in oral form, and that the appropriate task of historical archaeology is making histories that include, not exclude, local historicities. A critical historical archaeology in Africa is illustrated by cases in which oral traditions play a central role in unveiling the historical significance of archaeological remains as well as circumstances in which careful readings of archaeology and local histories subvert standard histories based on outsiders' interpretations and observations. We draw case studies from the Swahili Coast, Great Zimbabwe, the Kalahari, and the Cwezi period of the Great Lakes. Our approach accepts that if archaeologists employ materiality—regardless of its chronological age—to transform historical representation, then such historical revision creates a more comprehensive practice for historical archaeology, a matter of vital interest for both history and anthropology.

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13

Esterhuysen, Amanda B. "The birth of educational archaeology in South Africa." Antiquity 74, no. 283 (March 2000): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00066291.

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Archaeology in education has been introduced in South Africa only recently as the politics of the past precluded the application of archaeology in the classroom. This paper presents the background to South African education and educational archaeology and discusses some of the issues and studies undertaken in South Africa. It also offers comment on the factors which determine and shape educational archaeology of the present and those that may affect the discipline of archaeology in the future.

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14

Omotoso, Olatunji John. "An Overview of the Benefit of Archaeology to the Study of African History." AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY 7, no. 1 (September 21, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ajha.v7.no1.2023.pg1.7.

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Every place around the world has a past. Effort has been made to improve the method of historical studies and research in an effort to better understand the past events, culture, people, places, traditions, values etc. The quest to acquire all these knowledge berried in the distant past is critical to academic excellence not just history as a discipline. Archaeology involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. Africa has the longest record of human habitation in the world. The first humans emerged 6-7 million years ago, and among the earliest anatomically modern human skulls found so far were discovered at Omo Kibish, Jebel Irhoud, and Florisbad. However, Africa has the larger part of its past unwritten because of lack of writing knowledge, hence, the critical role of archaeology to supplement oral traditions which modern African historians relied heavily on. This research aim to explicitly detail the benefit of archaeology to the study and understanding of African history, it reveals how archaeology could further aid in debunking Eurocentric views of Africa lacking history and also emphasized the role archaeology could play in helping history students understand the past.

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15

Kelly, Kenneth G. "Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 44, no. 2 (August 2009): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00671990903052298.

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16

Smith, Benjamin. "Ethics in African archaeology." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 49, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2014.904981.

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17

Musonda, Francis B. "African archaeology: looking forward." African Archaeological Review 8, no. 1 (1990): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01116870.

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18

Kusimba, Chapurukha M. "Archaeology in African museums." African Archaeological Review 13, no. 3 (September 1996): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01963509.

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19

Mapunda, Bertram. "Debate: Why Study Precolonial African Technology and Material Culture?" Technology and Culture 64, no. 3 (July 2023): 665–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2023.a903968.

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abstract: The worthiness (or worthlessness) of Africa's precolonial history has been a much debated theme since the colonial period. Diverse paradigms, historiographies, and schools of thought have emerged. Judging by the conference "Technology and Material Culture in African History: Challenges and Potentials for Research and Teaching" in the context of the above debates, we see indications of acknowledging precolonial Africa's potential to the present world. Accordingly, this article highlights the worthiness of Africa's past in two major areas: first, in reviving Africans' sense of pride and confidence erased by colonialists and colonial historians; second, in demonstrating the potential epistemological and paradigmatic benefits of African history for researching and teaching about technology and material culture within the continent and beyond. Finally, it advocates for historical archaeology as a means of retrieving information on Africa's past technologies and their resultant material culture.

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20

Reid, Andrew, and Ruth Young. "Pottery abrasion and the preparation of African grains." Antiquity 74, no. 283 (March 2000): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00066187.

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The lack of botanical remains from farming sites in Africa remains a serious archaeological problem. This paper discusses how the indirect evidence of pottery may help to evaluate grain farming in African archaeology.

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21

Schrire, C., J. Deacon, M. Hall, and D. Lewis-Williams. "Burkitt's milestone." Antiquity 60, no. 229 (July 1986): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0005852x.

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Almost sixty years ago, Miles C. Burkitt, Lecturer in Prehistory in the University of Cambridge, visited South Africa at the invitation of the University of Cape Town where his former pupil, A.J.H. Goodwin had recently started work. The purpose of the visit was to show Burkitt the sites and elicit his opinions in preparation for the meeting of the British Association in South Africa the following year (Burkitt, 1962, 37; Goodwin, 1958, 32). It seemed appropriate, at a time when the work of South African archaeologists has been denied a hearing by the Southampton World Archaeological Congress, that we should publish an account of recent work there and current perspectives on Southern African prehistory. The authors of this article are: Carmel Schrire, Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers University; Janette Deacon, Department of Archaeology, University of Stellenbosch; Martin Hall, Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, and David Lewis-Williams, Department of Archaeology, University of the Witwatersrand.

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22

WADLEY, LYN. "South African Archaeology, Gender, and the African Renaissance." South African Historical Journal 43, no. 1 (November 2000): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582470008671908.

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23

Inskeep, R. R., M. Hall, G. Avery, D. M. Avery, M. L. Wilson, and A. J. B. Humphreys. "Frontiers: Southern African Archaeology Today." South African Archaeological Bulletin 41, no. 143 (June 1986): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3887722.

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24

Gabel, Creighton, and Peter Robertshaw. "A History of African Archaeology." International Journal of African Historical Studies 24, no. 1 (1991): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/220128.

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25

Willoughby, Pamela R., and Peter Robertshaw. "A History of African Archaeology." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 26, no. 3 (1992): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485312.

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26

LaViolette, Adria, and Peter Robertshaw. "A History of African Archaeology." African Studies Review 35, no. 2 (September 1992): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524879.

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27

van der Merwe, Nikolaas J., and Peter T. Robertshaw. "A History of African Archaeology." Journal of Field Archaeology 19, no. 3 (1992): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/529928.

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28

ALEXANDER, JOHN. "A History of African Archaeology." African Affairs 90, no. 359 (April 1991): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098427.

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29

Vogel, Joseph O. ": African Archaeology . David W. Phillipson." American Anthropologist 88, no. 4 (December 1986): 1027–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1986.88.4.02a00850.

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30

Wynne-Jones, Stephanie, and Sarah K. Croucher. "Theorizing identity in African archaeology." Journal of Social Archaeology 7, no. 3 (October 2007): 283–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469605307081386.

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31

Logan, Amanda L. "Archaeology of African plant use." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 50, no. 1 (November 7, 2014): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2014.977538.

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32

Ellison, James. "The future of African Archaeology." African Archaeological Review 13, no. 1 (March 1996): 5–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01956131.

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33

Ashley, Ceri. "African Archaeology: A Critical Introduction." African Archaeological Review 22, no. 4 (June 2, 2006): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10437-006-9001-6.

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34

Okpoko, A. Ikechukwu. "A history of African archaeology." African Archaeological Review 9, no. 1 (1991): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01117217.

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35

Cabrita, Joel. "Writing Apartheid: Ethnographic Collaborators and the Politics of Knowledge Production in Twentieth-Century South Africa." American Historical Review 125, no. 5 (December 2020): 1668–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhaa512.

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Abstract Knowledge production in apartheid-era South Africa was a profoundly collaborative process. In particular, throughout the 1930s–1950s, the joint intellectual labor of both Africans and Europeans created a body of knowledge that codified and celebrated the notion of a distinct realm of Zulu religion. The intertwined careers of Swedish missionary to South Africa Bengt Sundkler and isiZulu-speaking Lutheran pastor-turned-ethnographer Titus Mthembu highlight the limitations of overly clear demarcations between “professional” versus “lay” anthropologists as well as between “colonial European” versus “indigenous African” knowledge. Mthembu and Sundkler’s decades-long collaboration resulted in a book called Bantu Prophets in South Africa ([1948] 1961). The work is best understood as the joint output of both men, although Sundkler scarcely acknowledged Mthembu’s role in the conceptualization, research, and writing of the book. In an era of racial segregation, the idea that African religion occupied a discrete, innately different sphere that the book advanced had significant political purchase. As one of a number of African ideologues supportive of the apartheid state, Mthembu mobilized his ethnographic findings to argue for innate racial difference and the virtues of “separate development” for South Africa’s Zulu community. His mysterious death in 1960 points to the high stakes of ethnographic research in the politically fraught climate of apartheid South Africa.

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36

Stahl, Ann B. "Africa in the World: (Re)centering African History through Archaeology." Journal of Anthropological Research 70, no. 1 (March 2014): 5–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/jar.0521004.0070.102.

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37

Croucher, Sarah K. "Developing an archaeology of African consumers." Archaeological Dialogues 17, no. 1 (May 4, 2010): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203810000061.

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I applaud Richard's article for continuing to move forwards the study of historical archaeology in African contexts. This article seems to fit within an ever-growing dynamic field of historical archaeologists who move easily between the realms of archaeological data, documentary and oral histories (e.g. Dawdy 2008; Voss 2008). As highlighted by Reid and Lane (2004a; see also contributions to Reid and Lane 2004b) it is perhaps better to conceptualize the study of historical archaeology on the African continent as a field of historical archaeologies, where pluralistic theoretical and methodological directions can be attended to, driven by a diversity of locally contextualized research agendas.

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38

Hall, Gwendolyn Midlo. "Africa and Africans in the African Diaspora: The Uses of Relational Databases." American Historical Review 115, no. 1 (February 2010): 136–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.115.1.136.

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39

Mungala, Misi. "Integration et immigration : un enjeu du dynamisme social et consequences des politiques d’aide publique au developpement." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Studia Europaea 67, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 5–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeuropaea.2022.2.01.

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Official development assistance has shown its limits in the face of persistent poverty on the African continent. Some think that the development aid policies adopted, better still, led by the West are incompatible with African culture. Others, on the other hand, believe that official development assistance fuels Africa's dependence on the West and therefore promotes its continued underdevelopment. Indeed, it is obvious that aid policies maintain an asymmetrical relationship between the two partners. However, although the Western model of development is opposed to the African socio-political archaeology, it is no less true that Africa is capable of experiencing cultural changes. This study proposes to explore two paths deemed to be able to make Africa flourish. It is first of all the integration of Africa into the West through the process of immigration in order to allow this continent to redefine its culture and thus forge a new way of perceiving Western science. Secondly, the highlighting of immigration issues in the equation between the North and the South of the Mediterranean is a game-changer in the cooperation relationship between the West and Africa. A relationship of symmetry, of equals, is possible for both Africa and Europe. Keywords: official development assistance, integration, immigration, dependency, Afro-European.

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40

Boeyens, Jan C. A. "The intersection of archaeology, oral tradition and history in the South African interior." New Contree 64 (July 30, 2012): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/nc.v64i0.321.

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The historical entanglement of indigenous and colonial societies in South Africa created not only multiple points of social and cultural interaction, but also a repository of interconnected material, oral and documentary records. A multi-source, comparative approach across disciplinary boundaries is, therefore, essential to achieve a full and seamless account of late precolonial and early colonial African history. Oral tradition could serve as a bridge between archaeology and text-based history, thereby enabling historically known political lineages to be connected with the archaeological ruins of specific precolonial African towns. Similarly, documentary sources on African societies of the interior are often very limited in scope even deep into the nineteenth century, as a result of which the complementary use of archaeological methods and data becomes a methodological imperative. Three case studies from the South African interior, Marothodi, Kaditshwene and Magoro Hill, are presented to illustrate the explanatory potential of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the more recent African past.

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41

Singleton, Theresa A. "The Archaeology of African American Life." AnthroNotes : National Museum of Natural History bulletin for teachers 12, no. 2 (September 12, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/10088/22304.

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42

Ashley, Ceri Z., Alexander Antonites, and Per Ditlef Fredriksen. "Mobility and African archaeology: an introduction." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 51, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 417–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2016.1233766.

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43

Ewen, Charles R. "African Sites Archaeology in the Caribbean." Hispanic American Historical Review 80, no. 3 (August 1, 2000): 593–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-80-3-593.

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44

Orser, C. E. "THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA." Annual Review of Anthropology 27, no. 1 (October 21, 1998): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.27.1.63.

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45

Stahl, Ann. "The Oxford handbook of African archaeology." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 49, no. 3 (April 25, 2014): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2014.909168.

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46

Shepherd, Nick. "Commentary: debating ethics in African archaeology." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 49, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2014.920560.

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47

David, Nicholas. "African Archaeology Twixt Cancer and Capricorn." Journal of African History 35, no. 1 (March 1994): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700025998.

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48

Decorse, Christopher R., and Jay B. Haviser. "African Sites Archaeology in the Caribbean." International Journal of African Historical Studies 35, no. 1 (2002): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3097387.

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49

Lewis-Williams, J. D. "Southern African Archaeology in the 1990s." South African Archaeological Bulletin 48, no. 157 (June 1993): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3888877.

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50

Agorsah, Kofi. "The archaeology of the African Diaspora." African Archaeological Review 13, no. 4 (December 1996): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02126096.

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