Academic literature on the topic 'African Children's Charter'
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Journal articles on the topic "African Children's Charter"
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Budoo, Ashwanee. "Association Pour le Progrès et la Défense Des Droits Des Femmes Maliennes (APDF) and the Institute for Human Rights and Development in Africa (IHRDA) v. Republic of Mali (Afr. Ct. H.P.R.)." International Legal Materials 57, no. 6 (December 2018): 1097–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2018.51.
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On May 11, 2018, the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights (African Court) delivered a judgment against Mali concerning its Persons and Family Code (Family Code). This case is groundbreaking because it is the first time that the African Court has found violations of the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol) and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (African Children's Charter).
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Kaime, Thoko. "The Foundations of Rights in the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child: A Historical and Philosophical Account." African Journal of Legal Studies 3, no. 1 (2009): 120–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221097312x13397499737029.
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AbstractThis article examines the cultural-based critiques of the international human rights paradigm generally and children's rights in particular, with specific reference to Africa. In this regard, the paper attempts to identify gaps in the analyses of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. Towards that end, the paper proceeds in three parts. In the first section, it situates the discussion within the general framework of children's rights at international law. In the next section, it turns to an examination of the culture-based critiques of the idea of universal rights. Finally, in the fourth and fifth sections, it analyses the documents and literature that focus on the rights and welfare of the child. In the concluding section, the author raises several important questions regarding the propriety of this special category of human rights in the African context.
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Sloth-Nielsen, J., and BD Mezmur. "A Dutiful Child: The Implications of Article 31 of the African Children's Charter." Journal of African Law 52, no. 2 (September 18, 2008): 159–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855308000089.
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AbstractEach right has a corresponding duty. The African Children's Charter, under article 31, imposes a range of duties on children. Understandably, it could become contentious when an instrument on the rights and welfare of children expressly imposes duties on them. After setting the platform for discussion by highlighting international experiences and outlining the African concept of human rights, this article critically examines and attempts to clarify the precise meaning, content, conditions of compliance and application of those duties for children. By way of conclusion, it suggests that article 31 represents a valuable addition to the international human rights agenda, and that a purposeful interpretation of its constituent parts reveals that children should be required to play a role at family, community, national and continental levels, in accordance with their age and maturity as they grow up, as part and parcel of their heritage, empowerment and developing citizenship.
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Adeola, Romola, and Benyam D. Mezmur. "The Protection of Internally Displaced Children in Africa: A Doctrinal Analysis of Article 23(4) of the African Children's Charter." Journal of African Law 65, S1 (March 17, 2021): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185532100005x.
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AbstractThis article considers the protection of, and assistance for, internally displaced children (IDCs) in Africa. Internal displacement has become one of Africa's most pressing human rights challenges. Over the last decade, millions of persons have been internally displaced on the continent by conflict, disaster and other causes. Children are one of the most affected categories of persons, given the implications of displacement for them. Article 23(4) of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child incorporates specific protection for IDCs. This article examines the protection of IDCs in the context of this regional framework. It argues that, while article 23(4) requires that both refugee children and IDCs should be accorded the same protection from a rights-based perspective, it also requires that the protection of IDCs should be construed with reference to the Kampala Convention, which is the most recent applicable regional regime governing internal displacement.
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Mezmur, Benyam Dawit. "Taking measures without taking measurements? An insider's reflections on monitoring the implementation of the African Children's Charter in a changing context of armed conflict." International Review of the Red Cross 101, no. 911 (August 2019): 623–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383120000041.
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AbstractThe efforts to create a world fit for children, including for those affected by armed conflict, remain a work in progress. Increasingly, regional organizations, prime among them the African Union and its organs, are being asked to play a more meaningful role in pushing for the realization of the rights and protections of children in armed conflict. This piece explores trends and developments in respect of children and armed conflict in Africa, and offers few ideas on how the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, which holds significant promise, can continue to rise to this challenge.
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Detrick, Sharon. "Update on the First Regional Children's Rights Treaty: The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child." International Journal of Children's Rights 3, no. 3-4 (1995): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181895x00285.
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Syroyid, Tetyana. "Women’s right to health – modern challenges: international legal aspect." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 4 (December 29, 2020): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-4-74-81.
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The article contains a detailed analysis of international legal acts regulating women's right to health; the focus is on problematic aspects that need to be addressed, including: violence, HIV / AIDS, protection during a pandemic of COVID-19. The article highlights the provisions of the following universal and regional acts of a general nature: the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (1979), the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women (1993), Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (2011), Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (2003). The article also covers proceedings of international intergovernmental forums, strategic documents, reports of the UN Secretary-General focusing on the general protection of women's rights and, in particular, the right to health, including the Vienna Declaration and Program of Action (1993), the Beijing Declaration (1995), Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health (2010), Global Strategy for Women's, Children's and Adolescent's Health (2016-2030), Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (2020), Report of the Secretary-General UN "Shared Responsibility, Global Solidarity: Responding to the Socio-Economic Impacts of COVID-19" (2020) etc. The emphasis is placed on the importance of general and special recommendations developed by international treaty monitoring bodies - the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women in the field of women's health, which oblige states to comply with, protect and enforce rights in this area. In order to improve the situation in the field of protection of women's rights, the appropriate conclusions and recommendations on the im-plementation of the provisions of these acts into national state legislation have been made.
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Stewart, Linda. "Resource constraints and a child's right to legal representation in civil matters at state expense in South Africa." International Journal of Children's Rights 19, no. 2 (2011): 295–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181811x547290.
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AbstractSection 28(1)(h) of the South African Constitution bestows the right on every child to have a legal practitioner assigned to the child by the state, and at state expense, in civil proceedings affecting the child, if substantial injustice would otherwise result. Section 28(1)(h) places a positive duty on the state and the practical implementation of this right is dependent on the state's available resources. is paper enquires whether the criteria laid down by the South African Legal Aid Board may limit the realisation of s 28(1)(h) and if so, to what extent. It includes the question whether it is constitutionally permissible for the state to deny legal representation to children on the exclusive grounds of resource constraints. I commence by examining similar but not exact provisions in the Convention of the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC) to establish whether there are provisions that may inform the extent of the positive duty on the state to provide legal representation at state expense to children. is will be followed by a discussion on the nature and extent of s 28(1)(h) of the Constitution. I then turn to the relevant sections in the Children's Act pertaining to this right and especially s 55 which makes provision that the Legal Aid Board is the appropriate functionary of the state to deal with the realisation of s 28(1)(h). I finally enquire whether the criteria laid down in the Legal Aid Guidelines, 2009 (which include the argument of resource constraints) may justifiably limit this right.
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Nyarko, Michael Gyan, and Henrietta Markfre Ekefre. "Recent Advances in Children’s Rights in the African Human Rights System." Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 15, no. 2 (September 22, 2016): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718034-12341327.
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This case note reviews recent developments in the protection of children’s rights in Africa through the individual communications mandate of the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (the Committee). It examines the recent decision of the Committee concerning the Talibés of Senegal. It argues that whilst the Committee took a commendable progressive approach in the interpretation of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, its decision lacked a gender sensitive approach which it must address in future communications.
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Sloth-Nielsen, Julia, and Helen Kruuse. "A maturing manifesto: The constitutionalisation of children’s rights in South African jurisprudence 2007-2012." International Journal of Children’s Rights 21, no. 4 (2013): 646–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02102005.
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This article represents the next in a series of five-year overviews of children’s rights in the courts in South Africa. Using the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Charter on the Welfare of Children as a point of departure, the study suggests that it is in the public sphere that children’s rights have had their most impact in the period under review. The article highlights eight areas of distinction in this five-year period: these include judicial approval of resource mobilisation for the fulfilment of children’s rights, emphasis on the quality of and standards in education; the development of innovative remedies to deal with unreasonable state measures affecting children, and an increasing focus on the right to dignity of the child. The authors conclude that the scope of the cases cited points to the growing insertion of children’s rights considerations in increasingly diverse areas of legal interaction. Furthermore, the authors posit that the CRC and ACRWC – together with non-binding sources of international law – have substantively informed and enriched the jurisprudence of South African courts.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "African Children's Charter"
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Malila, Mumba. "The place of individuals? duties in international human rights law : perspectives from the African human rights system." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60063.
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Some worry has been expressed in human rights circles that the human rights archetype has for some time now, disproportionately preoccupied itself with the culture of rights and claims at the expense of individuals? duties and responsibilities. A claim is made that while rights are individualistic, self-seeking, unworldly, self-indulgent and anti-social, individual duties and responsibilities are collective, social, humane, nuanced and associated with correct traditional and social behaviour and human values. The language of rights has dominated the texts of bills of rights in constitutions, and international instruments, and many view this rhetoric as unproblematic. Others, however, consider the currency of that language as overlooking, with dire consequences to human society, the concept of duty as the missing link of human dignity. There have, accordingly, been calls for a renewed focus on individual duties and responsibilities in the human rights discourse. The question is whether focussing on individual responsibility is necessary to counterbalance what is viewed by some as a bias towards rights.
Efforts to raise international consciousness of what is regarded as the limitation of a purely rights-based approach to human rights has been spearheaded by, among others, faith based organisations. These have advocated not only a more visible recognition of individual duties and responsibilities generally, but an international declaration of human responsibilities as a ?common standard for all people and all nations.? The calls being made are premised on, first, a view that a device in the form of an international declaration ? a set of international rules ? should be developed to change the current human rights architecture. This code of ethical obligations is necessary to guide and change individual behaviour. Second, a belief that greater emphasis should be laid on individual duty responsibility to supplement existing international human rights norms and standards, and finally, that human rights principles alone are inadequate for modern societies to regulate themselves well.
With particular reference to perspectives from the African Charter based human rights system, this project interrogates these concerns regarding duties with a view to ascertaining whether there is justification in them. Using as a reference point the concept of duties in the African Charter and to a small extent that in the African Children's Charter, which represents the older
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and more established part of the African human rights system, the project concludes that although individuals? duties are important and deserve greater attention, there is no convincing case for the calls that are being made in this regard.Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Centre for Human Rights
LLD
Unrestricted
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Ankut, Priscilla Yachat. "Balancing parental responsibility and state obligation in fulfilling the socio-economic rights of children under the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/983.
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"The prevailing realities of 'severely depressed' African economies make it difficult for children to enjoy the socio-economic rights guaranteed under the Children's Charter. This study takes the view that the responsibility of parents and the obligations of the state towards children's socio-economic rights must be mutually supportive. It therefore proposes the need for balancing parental responsibility and state obligations in the struggle to ensure that the socio-economic rights of children across the continent are met, albeit, under difficult economic circumstances. ... The study is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 has highlighted the structure of the entire discourse. Chapter 2 deals with the general perspectives of the socio-economic rights of children within the broad context of international human rights law. An overview of the normative and procedural framework of the Convention on the Rights of the Child is given. The chapter also examines the normative and procedural framework available for the protection of the child at the African regional level, the starting point of which is the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and eventually narrowed down to the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. Chapter 3 addresses the concept of parental responsibility. In particular, Africa's notion of parental responsibility is critically analyzed as a factor that makes a crucial difference to the interpretations of the underlying assumptions in the Children's Charter that the socio-economic rights of children could be met through the African communal and extended family network. Chapter 4 deals with states obligations in respect of the socio-economic rights of children. The South African jurisprudence on the rights of the child is also discussed in this chapter. The chapter also highlights the interplay between parental responsibility and state obligations in fulfilling the socio-economic rights of children. Chapter 5 consists of conclusions of the essay." -- Chapter 1.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2003.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Adegbola, Ruth Esemeje. "Children’s rights in Africa : an appraisal of the African Committee of Experts on the rights and welfare of the child." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/5343.
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The purpose of this work is to appraise the mandate of the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, seek out the loopholes and loose ends and propose positive and proactive ways in ensuring the fulfilment of the mandate of the Committee for an effective child rights promotion and protection in Africa.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Professor Tilahun Teshome, Faculty of Law, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Jonas, Benjamin. "Towards effective implementation of children's rights in Tanzania: lessons and opportunities from Ghana and South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1223.
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"Despite the adoption and wide ratification of the CRC and ACRWC, the miseries identified and intended to be dealt with by the two instruments are still rampant in many parts of the globe. Tanzania, as will be clearly shown in chapter three of this study, is not an exception in this regard. ... Tanzania has ratified both the CRC and ACRWC without reservations. In relation to international law, Tanzania follows a dualist approach. Despite the fact that Tanzania has ratified the two instruments to date, it does not have a specific comprehensive law on children's rights. That notwithstanding, various laws have been enacted, other amended and several programs put in place to protect children from exploitation, and safeguarding their interests. However, these measures have not yielded any feasible results since their adoption. There are still cases of discrimination in respect of girls, children born out of wedlock, non-fulfilment of the principle of best intersts of the child, socio-economic difficulties threatening children's right to life, survival and development of the child; police brutality against street children, the increasing number of children deprived of a family environment, especially AIDS orphans, and an increase in the incidence of child prostitution, early marriages, and various cultural practices which are harmful to children. This study necessitates investigation of the mechanisms which could be adopted, to assist in the successful implementation of children's rights in Tanzania. ... This study, therefore, draws inspirations from the laws and practices on children's rights in Ghana and South Africa and explores the most effective mode of implementation that can ensure the translation of the noble intentions in the two instruments into genuine effective tools for enhancing the well-being of the children in Tanzania." -- Introduction.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2006.
Prepared under the supervision of Ms. Christine Dowuona-Hammond at the Faculty of Law, University of Ghana, Legon
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Chofor, Che Christian-Aime. "Educational opportunities for the girl child in Africa : a necessary revisit of the discrimination factor with reference to Egypt, South Africa and Cameroon." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/985.
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"This paper is therefore inspired to look at education with respect to girl children in Africa. This paper, by drawing inspriation from other settings, is also motivated by the need to find solutions on how best the rights of the girl child can be protected in conjuction with the educational policy of African countries. ... The study is divided into six chapters. Chapter one provides the context in which the study is set, the objectives of the study and its importance. Chapter two examines the importance of the right to education and in education and takes note of the issue of discrimination with respect to girl child education in Africa. In chapter three various international treaties that concern provisions on education and the discrimination factor as to gender are identified. Also in the international milieu, the role of international bodies in the effective and efficient insurance of girl child education is included. Chapter four examines on a regional level, the extent to which the African Commission has effectively monitored the provision of the African Chater. The African Children's Charter and the Draft Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women (the Draft Women's Protocol) in Africa are also discussed in relation to provisions in the African Charter and work done on girl child education by the African Commission. In this chapter, a comparative study is also done of instruments and the implementation mechanisms offered by the Inter-American and European systems to the African human rights system in terms of the girl child education. This is so because in terms of experience, jurisprudence and institutions, these systems are considered to be more advanced than the African human rights sytem. Finally chapter five discusses girl child education on a national level in Africa. This chapter focuses on the experiences of South Africa, Egypt and Cameroon. Educational policy and other national legislative instruments such as the constitutions of these countries are included. In the conclusion, the paper puts forward recommendations to assist new and old African democracies in advancing an administrative and political approach to the issue of discrimination with respect to girl child education." -- Chapter 1.Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Enid Hill at the Department of Political Sciences, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, The American University in Cairo, Egypt
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Assim, Usang Maria. "Understanding kinship care of children in Africa: a family environment or an alternative care option?" Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3476.
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Doctor Legum - LLDIn Africa generally, orphaned and vulnerable children are traditionally cared for by their relatives or close family friends; this is an abiding practice even in contemporary times. This was historically considered to be a moral obligation binding on different relatives in different ways or at differing levels. In the face of the increasing complexities and changing demographics in African societies, high levels of poverty and socioeconomic inequalities as well as the incidence of HIV and AIDS, among others, the traditional family continues to undergo structural changes and experience various challenges which make child rearing responsibilities difficult to cope with especially in the context of loss of parental care. Nonetheless, the extended family system still bears the greatest burden in caring for such children, despite the obligation of governments to provide alternative care for children without parental care. The care of children who have become deprived of parental care by other relatives/family members or family friends is generally described as kinship care. This study seeks to examine kinship care against the background of international children’s rights law as encapsulated in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the United Nations Guidelines on the Alternative Care of Children and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, among others. Thus, this research seeks answers to a number of related research questions such as: Does the international children’s rights framework recognise or provide for kinship care as a measure of alternative care for children deprived of a family environment? What is the history and practice of kinship care in Africa and what are the challenges confronting kinship care in contemporary African societies? What is the relationship between kinship care and the child protection system? And what forms of support are available for kinship care at both the international and national levels? Four main themes are considered in separate chapters of the thesis as follows: the contextual and historical background to kinship care in Africa; the international and regional legal framework on the right to alternative care; the conceptualisation of kinship care as alternative care; and the law and practice of kinship care in selected domestic jurisdictions. South Africa and Namibia are the main focus of this study in the chapter on the status of kinship care at the domestic level. This is mainly because both countries have made some progress in the attempts at (legally) providing for kinship care and addressing some of its attendant challenges, with a particular emphasis on the provision of support for kinship care.
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Saine, Marie. "Protecting the rights of children in trouble with the law : a case study of South Africa and The Gambia." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1159.
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"It is the responsibility of every government to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of its citizenry and to ensure that the rule of law and justice prevails at all times. Hovewer, children accused of committing crimes are more susceptible to human rights abuses and violations of their legal rights while in detention, either in police cells, prisons or authorised detention centres. They mostly suffer from both the agents of the state as well as from inmates. These violations often take place [behind] closed doors, and society being primarily concerned with keeping offenders locked up rather than about their conditions and human rights being respected, the cries of these children to be treated with dignity and worth go unnoticed despite the constitutional and international guarantee of their rights. The problem therefore is first to examine what rights do children in trouble with the law have under international law in general and specifically within the African human rights sytem with special emphasiis on the rights of children deprived of their liberty. Secondly, to examine how these international instruments are given effect domestically and whether there are challenges encountered in realising these rights. These are the main issues that this research intends to grapple with using South Africa and the Gambia as case studies with a view to making recommendations for better protection of the rights of this category of children. ... This research consist of four chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. It will give the basis and structure of the research which will include a general overview of the problem in the two countries under study. In the second chapter, it will explore the relevant international and African normative framework that protects the rights of children in trouble with the law and the obligations of states towards these children. However, the main focus will be the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC), because they are the two main human rights instruments providing specific protection for children's rights in all spheres. The third chapter will be a comparative analysis of the rights of children deprived of their liberty as provided in the municipal laws of South African and the Gambia vis a vis the minimum standards set [out] in the CRC and ACRWC. It will discuss the following issues, namely: defintion of a child, age of criminal responsibility, the best interest, detention as a last resort and for the shortest possible time, separation from adult detainees, role of parents, establishment of separate criminal procedures, right to legal respresentation and assistance, and sentencing options. It will also examine the problems and challenges for implementation. The fourth chapter will conclude and make recommendations on how best to implement the laws and who should be the role players in ensuring that the rights of these children are well protected." -- Introduction.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2005.
Prepared under the supervision of Professor Gilles Cistac at the Faculty of Law, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mocambique
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Van, den Heever Chantélle. "The sexual orientation of a parent as factor for consideration in the granting of care / van den Heever, C." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7584.
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Section 28(2) of the South African Constitution determines that every child has the right to have their best interests considered of paramount importance in all matters concerning them. Section 9 further provides that every person is considered equal before the law and has the right to equal protection and benefit of the law. Several grounds are listed relating to the unfair discrimination of persons, including their sexual orientation. The concept of care is incorporated in the Children's Act, and it entails a comprehensive description of parents' daily life regarding their children and the powers and duties expected to ensure the general protection, well–being and best interests of the child. The study aims to research the legal position when the sexual orientation of a parent is a considering factor in the granting of care, and the extent of which courts can give consideration to that factor. I commence by examining relevant national legislation relating to the concept of care and the best interests of the child standard in the Children's Act to establish how the sexual orientation of a parent is interpreted by courts in the granting of care. I then proceed to examine relevant international and regional documents to determine the relevant rights relating to the interests of children in the granting of care to a parent in divorce proceedings. I then proceed to analyse landmark cases to establish ways in which the approach of the courts regarding homosexuality have changed since the beginning of the new political dispensation in 1994. Finally a conclusion will be reached on the nature and scope of the consideration of a parent's sexual orientation in the granting of care in the South African context.Thesis (LL.M. (Comparative Child Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Azong, Julius Awah. "Corporal punishment of children in Nigerian homes." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2234_1360932481.
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Napp, Lisa A. Malloy William W. "When African-American families choose an African-centered charter school in place of a traditional public school for their children, what motivating factors inform that decision?" Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1747.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the School of Education." Discipline: Education; Department/School: Education.
Books on the topic "African Children's Charter"
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The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child: A socio-legal perspective. Pretoria: Pretoria University Law Press (PULP), 2009.
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(Swaziland), Save the Children. Kuvisisa Simiso Semalungelo Ebantfwana: Kuvisisa Simiso Se-Africa Ngemalungelo Nenhlalakahle Yebantfwana. Mbabane, Swaziland: Save the Children Swaziland, 2002.
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National character in South African English children's literature. New York, NY: Routledge, 2007.
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d'Afrique, Amnesty International Bureau régional. La Charte africaine des droits et du bien-être de l'enfant. Kampala, Ouganda: Amnesty International, Bureau régional d'Afrique, 1999.
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Bamiro, Enitan O. Jide. Child education: The future of Africa. Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria: Mazlink Nigeria, 2004.
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ill, Reasoner Charles, ed. Keelboat Annie: An African-American legend. [Mahwah, N.J.]: Troll, 1998.
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ill, Dickson Mora 1918, ed. Tales of an Ashanti father. Boston: Beacon Press, 1989.
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Krensky, Stephen. Anansi and the box of stories: A West African folktale. Minneapolis: Millbrook Press, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "African Children's Charter"
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Byrne, Iain. "7. African Charter on Human and Peoples’; Rights; African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child." In The Human Rights of Street and Working Children, 137–57. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446141.007.
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Kaale, Kaanaeli Bariki, and Mashaka Boniface Mgeta. "Photojournalism Ethics." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 149–68. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0329-4.ch008.
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This study discusses photojournalism ethics in portraying photographs of children in Tanzanian media. The study is guided by gatekeeping and semiotic theories. The authors used both quantitative and qualitative approaches to examine photojournalism ethical practices with regard to how children's photos are presented in Tanzanian newspapers and readers' perceptions regarding how children's photos are portrayed in Tanzanian media. Content analysis was to examine Habari Leo, the Guardian. and Uwazi newspapers published photographs from 1st May, 2017 to 31st May, 2018. The results showed that 591 out of 12,316 photos published by all the three newspapers were photographs of children. The results revealed that some media outlets published children's photos contrary to the ethics of photojournalism, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. In order to improve photojournalism ethical practices, the authors suggested the use an approach base in classical philosophy by photojournalists.
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Viljoen, Frans. "The African Children’s Charter and Children’s Rights Committee." In International Human Rights Law in Africa, 391–409. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199645589.003.0009.
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"Protecting Children’s Rights in Africa: A Critique of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child." In Children’s Rights: Progress and Perspectives, 395–405. Brill | Nijhoff, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004215795_016.
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Marina, Sharpe. "Part III Regional Regimes, Ch.15 Regional Refugee Regimes: Africa." In The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198848639.003.0016.
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This chapter highlights the African approach to refugees, analysing the regional legal framework anchored by the Organization of African Unity (OAU) Convention. The regional legal regime for refugees includes treaty and institutional components. The treaty framework is comprised of the Refugee and OAU conventions and international and regional human rights law, including but not limited to the two covenants, the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and African instruments on the rights of women and children. The chapter then addresses regional organizations with relevant mandates: African Union (AU) bodies and judicial organs including the AU Commission, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. It also looks at the role of civil society, as well as contemporary refugee protection achievements and challenges. These include the implementation, in terms of both refugee status determination and rights, of the regional legal framework in national jurisdictions; the rise of displacement in the context of climate change and disasters; and the relationship between European Union policy responses to the so-called migration crisis and refugee protection in Africa.
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Breckenridge, Keith. "No Will to Know: The Rise and Fall of African Civil Registration in Twentieth-Century South Africa." In Registration and Recognition. British Academy, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197265314.003.0015.
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Vital statistics have been politically fraught in South Africa for decades, not least because the state made very little effort to record information about the well-being of African women and children. This chapter shows that in the last years of the nineteenth century a working system of vital registration was developed in the colony of Natal and in the native reserves of the Transkei. From the beginning this delegated bureaucracy faced opposition from African patriarchs, from parsimonious white elected leaders and from the advocates of coercive systems of biometric identification. In the early 1920s, under the weight of mostly unfounded accusations of corruption, the system of registration by means of ‘native agency’ was deliberately terminated, despite the general enthusiasm of the magistrates charged with maintaining it.
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Agyepong, Tera Eva. "Flight, Fright, and Freedom." In Criminalization of Black Children, 97–132. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469636443.003.0005.
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This chapter examines how demographic changes at the Illinois Training School for Boys at St. Charles were linked to a punitive turn in institutional policies and state juvenile confinement laws. When the number of African American boys at St. Charles increased over time as a result of migration and discrimination in charity institutions for children in Chicago, the institution’s staff members, state legislators, and residents in the surrounding communities refined their notion in discourse and in practice of what kind of boy St. Charles was intended to house. This hysteria eventually led the Illinois state legislature to mandate that the first maximum security prison for children in the history of the state be built for the “dangerous type of boy” whom the larger public believed was no longer suited for St. Charles.
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Grundy, Pamela. "Busing." In Color and Character. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469636078.003.0004.
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Covers the political and social turmoil created as Mecklenburg County struggled with implementing the Swann desegregation order, which required extensive cross-town busing and which was unanimously upheld by the Supreme Court in 1971. Charts the devastating impact of the closing of African American schools, particularly Second Ward High School, in the wake of desegregation mandates. Details the challenges faced by African American teachers and students who were reassigned to historically white schools. Lays out the devastating effects of "urban renewal," which demolished the city's downtown black communities. Tells the story of the interracial, community-based coalition that solved the busing conflict by crafting a plan that ensured that students from all of the county's communities would fully participate, and assigned the children of politically powerful families to West Charlotte.
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Sanga, Mapopa William. "Ubuntu in Malawi." In Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 76–84. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7947-3.ch007.
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The philosophy of Ubuntu or umunthu has its roots in humanist African philosophy, where the idea of community is one of the building blocks of society. In sub-Saharan Africa, the most striking features of the cultures of different people is their non-individualistic character, where community is the cornerstone in African thought and life. In Malawi, a developing country in Southern Arica, the Umunthu philosophy is embedded in the socialization process. Malawians are well-known in the world to be very kind and polite people. Malawian children are expected to embrace these values from their parents or guardians. Interestingly though, not every Malawian child ends up being a high holder of Ubuntu in their adulthood and that is the painful reality. The question then arises, is Ubuntu or umunthu a true reflection of humanity in Malawi or just a farce? The chapter answers this question by carefully exploring the umunthu philosophy, analyzing it in critical contexts in the Malawian society.
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Muschalek, Marie. "Policing Work." In Violence as Usual, 130–57. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501742859.003.0006.
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This chapter concerns how this practice of (violent) improvisation played out in one important field of police activity, namely, the regulation of the labor market. After the genocidal war, African labor was scarce. It fell to the police to capture those African men, women, and children who were still hoping to escape colonial control and to force them (back) into the semi-free wage labor economy. Further, police were charged to organize the distribution of workers among employers and to oversee their treatment on site. Concerning the treatment, or better, mistreatment of African labor, scholarship has fallen short in explaining the role the state played. The narrative of a stinted but genuine liberalizing effort through rudimentary protective labor laws by the German colonial government in the face of cruel and exploitative conduct by farmers, company owners, and foremen does not account for the complexities of violence. Colonial violence was not just excessively applied by some and limited by some others. The state, represented by its policemen, played a crucial role in fine-tuning labor coercion. It established a moral economy of normalized violence that was economically viable.
Conference papers on the topic "African Children's Charter"
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Pangestu, Utami, Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi, and Hanung Prasetya. "Effect of Fruits and Vegetables Intake on Obesity in School-Aged Children: Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.129.
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ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies suggest that individual and environmental factors were associated lack of vegetable and fruit consumption, which can lead to obesity. Recent studies have indicated the level of vegetable and fruit intake in children aged 2-7 years is particularly low. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fruits and vegetables intake on obesity in school-aged children. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, dan Springer Link databases, from year 2011 to 2019. Keywords used ”Nutrition” OR “Obesity” AND ”Cross sectional”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English OR Indonesian language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population (P) was school-aged children. Intervention (I) was fruits and vegetables intake with comparison (C) malnutrition. The study outcome (O) was obesity. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies from Ethiopia, South Afrika, Nepal, Ghana, Saudi Arabia, reported that low fruits and vegetables intake increased the risk of obesity in school-aged children (aOR= 1.34; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.70; p<0.001; I2= 92%). Conclusion: Low fruits and vegetables intake increased the risk of obesity in school-aged children. Keywords: obesity, nutrition, fruits and vegetables intake, school-aged children Correspondence: Utami Pangestu. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: utamipangestu@gmail.com. Mobile: 087836021638. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.129
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Faujiah, Irfa Nur, Bhisma Murti, and Hanung Prasetya. "The Effect of Prenatal Stresson Low Birth Weight: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.123.
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ABSTRACT Background: Low birth weight remains a major public health concern of neonatal mortality rate, especially in developing countries. The mother’s psychological stress during pregnancy was reported as one of the causes of low birth weight in children. This study aimed to determine the effect of prenatal stress on low birth weight. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. This study was conducted by collecting articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Directory of Open Access (DOAJ), Springer Link databases, from 2006-2020. Keywords used “Prenatal Stress” AND “Low Birth Weight”. The inclusion criteria were open access and full text articles, using English or Indonesia language, pregnant women with stress, using cohort study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio (aOR). The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using random effect model run on Revman 5.3. Results: 5 studies from United States, Suriname, Macao, Israel, and South Africa reported that prenatal stress increased the risk of low birth weight (aOR= 1.94; 95% CI= 1.33 to 2.81; p<0.001), with I2= 0%; p= 0.45. Conclusion: Prenatal stress increases the risk of low birth weight. Keywords: prenatal stress, low birth weight Correspondence: Irfa Nur Faujiah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: irfanurfaujiah@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282127200347. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.123
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Pratami, Yustika Rahmawati, and Nurul Kurniati. "Sex Education Strategy for Adolescents: A Scoping Review." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.27.
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Background: Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) plays an important role in preparing safe and productive lives of adolescents through understanding about HIV/ AIDS, sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, gender-based violence, and gender disparity. This scoping review aimed to investigate the appropriate method of sex education and information for adolescents. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted in eight stages including (1) Identification of study problems; (2) Determining priority problem and study question; (3) Determining framework; (4) Literature searching; (5) Article selection; (6) Critical appraisal; (7) Data extraction; and (8) Mapping. The research question was identified using population, exposure, and outcome(s) (PEOS) framework. The search included PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, ProQuest, and EBSCO databases. The inclusion criteria were English-language and full-text articles published between 2009 and 2019. A total of 460 articles was obtained from the searched database. After the review process, twenty articles were eligible for this review. The data were reported by the PRISMA flow chart. Results: Eleven articles from developing countries (Nigeria, Thailand, Iran, California, Vietnam, Spain, South Africa, Indonesia) and nine articles from developed countries (USA, England, Australia) met the inclusion criteria with quantitative (cross-sectional, quasi-experiments, cohort, RCT) and qualitative design studies. The findings discussed available sources of sex education for adolescents including peers, school, media, and other adults. Digital media (internet and TV) contributed as preferable sources for adolescents. The parents and teacher’s involvement in providing sex education remained inadequate. Inappropriate sources of sex education like invalid information from the internet and other adults caused negative consequences on the sexual and reproductive health of children and adolescents. Conclusion: Parents-school partnership strategies play an important role in delivering appropriate information about sex education for children and adolescents. Keywords: digital media, sex education, parents, schools, adolescents Correspondence: Yustika Rahmawati Pratami. Jl. Siliwangi No. 63, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55292. Email: yustikarahmawati068@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282198915596. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.27
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M. N., Sibanda, Mbhenyane X. G., and Mushaphi L. F. "Interpretation of the Growth Chart and Nutrition Interventions of Caregivers of Children under Five Years from the Greater Tzaneen Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa." In Annual Global Healthcare Conference. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3833_ghc15.40.
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