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Journal articles on the topic 'African diplomacy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Vale, Peter. "Revealing All? The Troubled Times of South Africa’s Diplomacy." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 7, no. 3 (2012): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187119112x642953.

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Summary This article reviews a trilogy of memoirs written by diplomats who served South Africa’s apartheid government. It explores the ‘communication’ versus ‘representative’ function of diplomacy and sets this in the context of a pariah state, as apartheid South Africa once was. It suggests that all diplomats who served under apartheid were complicit in that system. The article also looks towards the role that the idea of the international setting played in the formation of a southern African state system. This is viewed again the backdrop of Britain’s fading empire. This explains how South A

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Niyitunga, Eric Blanco, and Mahlatse Ragolane. "Beijing consensus diplomacy: A promoter or threat to Africa’s pathway to sustainable development." Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 8, no. 10 (2024): 7425. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i10.7425.

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Using a qualitative research methodology and explanatory approach to collect data, we assessed whether the Beijing Consensus diplomacy in Africa is a promoter or threat to Africa’s pathway to sustainable development. The collected data were analysed using document and content analysis techniques. Analysis of the data revealed that the Beijing Consensus diplomacy in Africa is a positive initiative that has created a win-win situation, promoting sustainable development. The Beijing Consensus is opposed to the Washington Consensus, which influenced a win-lose situation that has deepened poverty,

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Antwi-Boasiako, Isaac. "African Governments’ Foreign Publics engagements: Public Diplomacy in African perspective." African Journal of Economics, Politics and Social Studies 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ajepss.2022.1.01.

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Scholars over the years have delved into the discourse of states’ foreign publics engagements in their foreign policy objectives. This analysis is done generally with the western perspective of public diplomacy with recent Asian scholarship evolving. As a result, this study aims to reflect on public diplomacy from an African perspective. Therefore, it analyses how African governments have been engaging their foreign publics (foreign governments and their citizens) to attract foreign aid, tourism, and investments in their nation-building and development trajectory. The article explores African

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Isaac, Antwi-Boasiako. "African Governments' Foreign Publics engagement: Public Diplomacy in African perspective." African Journal of Economics, Politics and Social Studies 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.15804/ajepss.2022.1.01.

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Scholars over the years have delved into the discourse of states’ foreign publics engagement in their foreign policy objectives. This analysis is done generally with the western perspective of public diplomacy with recent Asian scholarship evolving. As a result, this study aims to reflect on public diplomacy from an African perspective.  It analyses how African governments have engaged their foreign publics (foreign governments and their citizens) to attract foreign aid, tourism, and investments in their nation-building and development trajectory. The article explores African p

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Eghweree, Charles Ogheneruonah, and Festus O. Imuetinyan. "Africa and the Climate Change Diplomacy." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 2 (2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n2p101.

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The climate change debate and how to tame impact of climate change in the global context, remains a topical issue that elicits response from both continental bodies and states. While western countries take practical diplomatic steps in the climate change debate, African states appear both silent and unprepared for the challenges of climate change. Exploitation of natural resources has left marked impact on the environment in most African states, as degraded environment; denying them opportunity of harnessing wealth of the environment to achieve sustainable national development. Utilizing secon

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Birhan, Aemro Tenaw, Bantayehu Demssew Enyew, and Nsoh Christopher. "Digital Diplomacy in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. II (2024): 2148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.802153.

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Globally, digital diplomacy is taking over as the dominating format. As long as Africa is a part of the globalization era, it must adapt to new technologies. However, there are several obstacles that African digital diplomacy must overcome, such as a lack of infrastructure, a lack of proficiency with new technologies, limiting regulations, the anonymity issue and others. So, with the proliferation of digital technologies, Africa is facing growing cyber security threats. These include hacker attacks, online fraud and disinformation campaigns. Weak cyber security measures and limited capacity to

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Prokopenko, Lubov, and Tatiana Denisova. "Gender parity in the foreign services of African countries." Woman in Russian Society, no. 1 (April 25, 2021): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2021.1.4.

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The paper considers the gender situation in foreign ministries of African states. The authors investigate the history of gender changes in diplomacy in post-colonial Africa and the reasons for the high representation of women in foreign ministries and embassies of certain states, as well as policies for the recruitment of diplomatic personnel. The present paper pays special attention to the activities of foreign ministers and examines biographies and political careers of individual African women diplomats. The authors note the typical challenges the latter face in their work. Furthermore, the

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Yasa, Naufal Rizki Putra, Reni Windiani, and Fendy Eko Wahyudi. "CHINA-SOUTH AFRICA HIGH-LEVEL PEOPLE TO PEOPLE EXCHANGE MECHANISM SEBAGAI SOFT DIPLOMACY TIONGKOK DI REPUBLIK AFRIKA SELATAN." Journal of International Relations Diponegoro 9, no. 1 (2023): 381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jirud.v9i1.37725.

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ABSTRACT This research aims to describe how China’s soft diplomacy policy forms in spreading culture in the Republic of South Africa through the China-South Africa High-Level People to People Exchange Mechanism to increase the arrival of African tourists to China and to find out the dynamics of China’s tourism cooperation with the Republic of South Africa. This research based on the promotion of Chinese culture in the Republic of South Africa under cultural cooperation through the China-South Africa High-Level People to People Exchange Mechanism policy and its relation with tourism cooperation

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9

Kurumchina, A. E. "Russian cultural diplomacy practices: an African case." Discourse-P 21, no. 1 (2024): 110–31. https://doi.org/10.17506/18179568_2024_21_1_110.

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Developing Russian cultural diplomacy in African states requires conducting a scientifc analysis of inﬂuence spheres, inﬂuence forms, practices and technologies for promoting Russian culture deep into the Dark Continent. Thus the paper aims to reveal main achievements of the cultural diplomacy of the Russian Federation related to establishing friendly and working relations with African countries in different historical periods. The article compares two concepts similar in meaning, soft power and cultural diplomacy, it is argued that initially the concept of soft power was used to enhance the i

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Larasati, Langgeng, and Dike Aseilla. "Upaya Diplomasi Ekonomi Indonesia di Afrika Melalui Preferential Trade Agreement Indonesia Mozambik." KELUWIH: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora 2, no. 2 (2021): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/soshum.v2i2.4625.

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Abstract—In recent years, Indonesia has begun to expand trade cooperation in non-traditional markets, one of which is in the African region. Indonesia is active in cooperating with Africa because Africa is the "continent of hope" which contains a lot of material values that can be used wisely to increase the progress and prosperity of both parties. Indonesia has held two large meetings between Indonesia and Africa at the IAF (Indonesia Africa Forum) in 2018 followed by the IAID (Indonesia Africa Infrastructure Dialogue) on 20-21 August 2019. Mozambique is one of the countries on the African co

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Fedorchenko, A., A. Krylov, V. Morozov, E. Shebalina, and I. Loshkarev. "Russian–African cooperation and summit diplomacy. Challenges and opportunities." International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 20, no. 4 (2022): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2022.20.4.71.4.

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The article examines the perspectives of summit diplomacy in relations between Russia and the countries of the African region. Summit diplomacy in the context of this article can be considered as an integral part of multi-vector network diplomacy, which is an effective addition, and sometimes an alternative to traditional diplomacy, despite the fact that officials also take part in the summits. The authors note that in studies on the diplomacy of summits, insufficient attention is paid to the substantive aspects of the relations between their participants. Thus, the summits imply consideration

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Misirli, Husnu. "A Security Perspective on Turkey-Africa Relations: Analysis of Smart Power Strategy." East African Scholars Journal of Education, Humanities and Literature 6, no. 06 (2023): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjehl.2023.v06i06.001.

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Somalia and soft power diplomacy in East Africa has been the first and most important step in Turkey's engagement with the African continent. In this way, with its opening to Africa initiative and investments in Somalia, Turkey has demonstrated to the international community that it will be among the important actors contributing to the future of the African community. Today, starting from East Africa, Turkey has been developing and strengthening its influence and presence in many regions of Africa, including North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Sahel Region, through its multidimensional

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Manuwa, Toye. "The Digital Transformation of Diplomacy: Implications for the African Union." East African Scholars Journal of Education, Humanities and Literature 6, no. 08 (2023): 365–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjehl.2023.v06i08.002.

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The digital transformation of diplomacy is a rapidly evolving process that is having a profound impact on the way countries interact with each other. The African Union (AU) is no exception, and the digital transformation of diplomacy is presenting the AU with both opportunities and challenges. The study therefore examines the digital transformation of diplomacy with particular reference to its impacts for the African Union. To achieve this, a literature review type of research design was adopted, while the related literature, texts, books, articles and journals were used as source of data coll

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14

Yiblet, Fikadie Damtie. "Determinants of the Qualities of Diplomats in African Countries in the Western Context." Journal of Management and Strategy 15, no. 1 (2024): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jms.v15n1p33.

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This article undertakes a comprehensive exploration of the historical evolution of diplomacy in African countries within the Western context, scrutinizing traditional practices, post-colonial transformations, and the enduring impact of milestones like the struggle against apartheid. While diplomacy in this context is vital for international cooperation, economic partnerships, and the projection of national interests, there persist gaps in understanding the determinants shaping diplomats' qualities.The study addresses these gaps by thoroughly examining cultural factors, the impact of educationa

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15

MAFANY, Christian NKATOW, and Austine LAILA. "Soft Power Diplomacy of Russia’s Encroachment in Africa: Stakes and Implications." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. XI (2023): 1153–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7011089.

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Within recent years, Russia has arguably expanded her influence in Africa more than any other external international actor. These engagements extend from deepening ties in North Africa, expanding its reach in the Central African Republic, the Sahel, and rekindling Cold War ties in parts of Africa. This article gears at examining the strategies taken by Russia in the implantation of her roots in Africa and the geostrategic implications. From analyses made from research carried out, it was discovered that the soft power hands used by Russia in her diplomatic moves in Africa have been through irr

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16

Lembuka, Meinrad Haule. "(Re)Positioning the Swahili Language in Cultural Diplomacy Under the Capacity of African Ubuntu In Tanzania." Research and Analysis Journal 7, no. 11 (2024): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/raj.v7i11.475.

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The article used the documentary analysis method guided by the Ujamaa Intersections Model in (re) positioning the Kiswahili language in cultural diplomacy through the Ubuntu Panorama. Ujamaa is among the core values of African Ubuntu that was integrated into Tanzania’s policy framework in the 1960s under the influence of the Kiswahili language. Kiswahili is among the oldest and major lingua franca in African history, despite being undocumented in Ubuntu capacity it has a direct linkage with African Ubuntu throughout the history of the continent. Tracing back, Ubuntu is an African philosophy fr

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17

Morikawa, Jun. "Japan and Africa after the Cold War." African and Asian Studies 4, no. 4 (2005): 485–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920905775826189.

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AbstractThe purposes of this article are twofold. The first is to discuss the factors that make inquiry into Japan's African diplomacy difficult, in connection with the elaborate publicity campaign run by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), focusing on the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD). The second is to examine the current status of, issues in and future of Japan's African diplomacy in the post-Cold War, post-apartheid era and the meaningful participation of Japanese citizens in formulating and implementing foreign policy in reference to the regional power o

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18

Pasler, Jann. "Music and African Diplomacy at the Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres, Dakar, 1966." Diplomatica 3, no. 2 (2021): 302–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03020004.

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Abstract To celebrate independence from France and promote better understanding between “continents, races, and cultures,” in 1966 Senegal produced the World Festival of Negro Arts. Forty-five nations participated. At its core were diplomatic goals involving music. Not only could music help Africans recover their pre-colonial heritage, it encouraged dialogue among cultures and cultural development fueling liberation from the colonial past. Listening for what was shared, as in jazz, and cooperating internationally, as in the Gorée spectacle and recordings competition, encouraged mutual understa

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Indrayani, Irma, Sulistya Widayanta, and Suhayatmi . "Patterns and Impact of Diplomacy Economy in Forum on China- Africa Cooperation (FOCAC)." Journal of Posthumanism 5, no. 6 (2025): 4612–30. https://doi.org/10.63332/joph.v5i6.2668.

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This study aims to analyze issue political related role of assistance abroad of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to Africa. The PRC looks to be a strong global economy as a result of the success of the fusion of communist ideology and capitalism economics during the Deng Xiaoping era. The idea has open access to international economic markets for the PRC. In order to filling the African market, the PRC formed Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). The institution has done a lot activity cooperation development in Africa. The PRC is utilizing FOCAC as a tools of political diplomacy in t

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20

Ye, Xinjian, Zhuolin Wu, Shuocong Gu, and Shikuan Zhao. "Public Diplomacy and Chinese OFDI: Empirical Evidence from the Africa." Review of Economic Assessment 2, no. 1 (2023): 54–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.58567/rea02010004.

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Public diplomacy is a significant factor in promoting policy communication, people-to-people bonds, and the protection of foreign assets between two nations, but there is little research on the economic worth of public diplomacy. Python was used to crawl the daily search frequency of "China", "African countries", and related terms to construct the heat index of China-Africa public diplomacy during 2011-2019, and a two-way fixed effect model was developed to examine the impact of public diplomacy on China’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in Africa. The empirical results show that publ

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Lauer, Meryl. "Dancing for the Nation: Ballet Diplomacy and Transnational Politics in Post-Apartheid South Africa." Dance Research Journal 50, no. 3 (2018): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0149767718000384.

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This article argues that nationalism and international diplomacy are embodied practices, as evidenced through the movement of international ballet dancers in South Africa. Under the apartheid regime, South African professional ballet received generous support from governmental sources. Since the transition to democracy, professional ballet companies have utilized creative strategies to court new sources of support including that of the ruling African National Congress. A key move in this campaign has been “ballet diplomacy” with Cuba—the transnational circulation of dancers, teachers, techniqu

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Habro, Iryna. "ASIAN AND AFRICAN DIRECTIONS OF EU ENVIRONMENTAL DIPLOMACY." European Historical Studies, no. 21 (2022): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2022.21.1.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of environmental diplomacy of the European Union in Asia and Africa. The EU is the leader in the development of international environmental activities. The uniqueness of the EU, compared to other countries in the world, is that its environmental diplomacy is implemented in most regions of the world, including Asia and Africa. All this determines the relevance of the study of Asian and African areas of EU environmental diplomacy. The Asian vector of EU environmental diplomacy is implemented through various programs, projects, through the Asia-Europe Meetin

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Zhang, Liqing, Hengyu Shi, Le Luo, and Jiaxuan Liu. "The Principles of Pursuing the Greater Good and Shared Interests: The Value Orientation of China's Diplomacy with Africa." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 18 (October 15, 2023): 442–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v18i.12794.

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Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has proposed a series of diplomatic concepts towards Africa based on the overall strategic situation of the profound changes unseen in a century and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and on the consideration of promoting the sustainable development of China -Africa relations, while maintaining the continuity and stability of the major policy of diplomacy towards Africa. Among them, adhering to the principles of pursuing the greater good and shared interests is the

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Voicu, Ioan. "Reform of Diplomacy. Toward diplomacy’s reform?" Euro-Atlantic Studies 7, no. 2024 (2025): 135–56. https://doi.org/10.31178/eas.2024.7.5.

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The scientific literature about diplomacy is becoming increasingly extensive globally, although its quality is quite rare at the level required by substantial intellectual criteria. However, we can positively mention that in 2023, a new comprehensive book signed by Paul Webster Hare, Juan Luis Manfredi-Sánchez, and Kenneth Weisbrode as Editors, under the title The Palgrave Handbook of Diplomatic Reform and Innovation, appeared in the publishing house Palgrave Macmillan. The book has 758 pages covering 36 chapters as follows: Part I Introduction; Diplomacy the Neglected Global Issue: Why Diplom

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Ogunnubi, Olusola, and Uchenna A. Aja. "Citizen Diplomacy in Nigeria-South Africa Relation: Confronting the Paradox of Xenophobia." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 9, no. 3 (2022): 133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/1018.

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Africa is witnessing a recurring wave of xenophobic attacks despite being built on the foundations of humanity and oneness. Despite being situated at various sub-region in Africa, Nigeria and South Africa are both regarded as regional hegemons, and as regional hegemons, they tussle for international recognition as exemplified in occasional diplomatic confrontations. Relations between Abuja and Pretoria have been marked by several stages with their political, economic and socio-cultural interaction punctuated by rivalry, conflict, cooperation and competition. This article explores the paradox o

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Ngari, David Ngochi. "Defence Diplomacy’s Multilateral Cooperation Strategies: Strengthening Mutual Trust amongst African States." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. III (2025): 2116–33. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90300168.

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In a globalized environment diplomacy is the peaceful means of relations between international actors. The post-Cold War era diplomacy conduct is mostly grounded by multilateralism on certain issues of common interest between states. In this respect the states interest to execute their foreign defence and security policies ground the emergence of defence diplomacy, particularly as the basis for addressing common cross-border security threats. The study’s major objective is to investigate multilateral cooperation strategies for strengthening mutual trust between African states. The study adopte

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BARRA, Matteo, and Martin SVEC. "Reinforcing Energy Governance under the EU Energy Diplomacy: A Proposal for Strengthening Energy Frameworks in Africa." European Journal of Risk Regulation 9, no. 2 (2018): 245–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/err.2018.14.

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AbstractThis article, initially discussed at a conference organised in March 2017 by the Belgian Commission for Electricity and Gas Regulation (CREG) on the new governance structures in the EU energy sector, deals with energy governance structures in the EU energy and climate diplomacy and in development cooperation between the EU, its member states and third countries.It is understood that, at large, the existing tools of EU energy and climate diplomacy create governance structures: bilateral partnerships, trade agreements, regional and multilateral orders are per se instruments to govern the

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Indrayana, Rivaldi Zakie. "Reviewing the Foreign Policy of the Republic of Indonesia Through President Jokowi's Visit to South Africa in 2023." Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional 20, no. 1 (2024): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v20i1.7626.96-107.

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In August 2023, President Joko Widodo visited several African countries i.e. The Republic of Kenya, United Republic of Tanzania, The Republic of Mozambique and The Republic of South Africa. It was his first visit to Africa during his term since 2014. While the visit covered four African countries, this article discusses only his visit to South Africa where he attended the BRICS forum. In particular this article focuses on Indonesia’s multilateral diplomacy in the BRICS’ forum, the position of Indonesia in the global political stage and its role both at the global and regional levels. Despite I

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Haşıl, Hamza. "An Overview of Türkiye’s Africa Policy: Historical Background, Strategic Diplomacy, and Future Prospects." Insight Turkey 26, Summer 2024 (2024): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25253/99.2024263.15.

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As part of a multifaceted foreign policy, Türkiye has strengthened its relations with African countries by focusing on political, economic, humanitarian, and cultural cooperation. In 1998, the Turkish government introduced the African Initiative Policy, which laid the foundation for the country’s growing influence, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Türkiye reached a significant milestone in 2005, known as the “Year of Africa,” when it became an observer member of the African Union (AU). With the AU’s recognition of Türkiye as a strategic partner by 2008, its influence and cooperation with Afri

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Repnikova, Maria, and Keyu Alexander Chen. "Asymmetrical discursive competition: China–United States digital diplomacy in Africa." International Communication Gazette 85, no. 1 (2023): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17480485221139460.

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This article examines China–US competition for narratives by analyzing whether and how Chinese and American diplomats engage each other in routine diplomatic outreach to African audiences on Twitter. Drawing on case studies of Kenya and South Africa, our study uncovers “asymmetrical discursive competition”—Chinese diplomatic accounts selectively launch discursive attacks (both defensive and offensive) on the United States, while the US diplomatic accounts tend to ignore China. We further find that in invoking the United States, Chinese diplomats largely bypass Africa and African issues, and in

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Sulaiman, Sadia. "ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY IN AFRICA: OPTIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR PAKISTAN." Journal of Contemporary Studies 11, no. 1 (2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54690/jcs.v11i1.209.

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Pakistan’s paradigm shift in foreign policy to geo-economics, necessitatesthat Islamabad look for opportunities within and outside the region to utilise its geographic and economic potential. This new policy shift makes the African region a key area of significance for Pakistan, owing to the huge trade and market potential of the region. The adoption of ‘Look Africa Policy’ by Pakistan is a key step. This paper aims to explore the options and opportunities for Pakistan in the African region. It analyses these opportunities and associated challenges in the light of economic diplomacy framework.

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Gaur, Anjali, and David Sharma. "INDIA AND THE GLOBAL SOUTHSTRATEGY-FOCUSING ON DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH AFRICA." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 06 (2024): 397–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18895.

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The Global South has been a burning topic of international diplomacy in recent years, and all emerging superpowers have been drawing up plans and policies centered around it, among one of them is India. Global South comprises African countries, Latin American countries and Asian countries. In this article, the focus area is on African countries and its bilateral relations with India. Additionally ,it offers insights on how the African countries are an important support for Indias international influence and its economic transformation and development. Over the decades, Indias relations with Af

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Leshoele, Moorosi. "Power Lies in the Barrel of a Gun: Diplomacy Without Strategic Military Capability Is Futile." African and Asian Studies 20, no. 1-2 (2021): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341484.

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Abstract The United States of America invests heavily on their military capability and it is estimated that it spends, alone, approximately 40 per cent of what the whole world spends on military. Four of the other super powers that make up the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UN-SC) also spend a significant percentage of their national budgets on military. Chinweizu has for a long time argued that Africa needs a well-resourced African Standby Force (or the Black Africa League) that will protect the interests of the continent so as to prevent the history of African

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Filippov, Vasily. "The African Policy of Emmanuel Macron." Uchenie zapiski Instituta Afriki RAN 58, no. 1 (2022): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2022-58-1-31-48.

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The subject of consideration is the African policy of France during the presidency of Emmanuel Macron (2017-2022). The proclaimed slogans, the official rhetoric of the tenth president of the Fifth Republic, the political practices of the Elysee Palace during this period are reviewed in the context of the geopolitical changes taking place in West Africa. The purpose of the study is to find out the factors that in one way or another have influenced the African policy of Paris in recent years, to determine the obvious motives and latent aspirations of French diplomacy on the African continent. Th

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Nwokedi, Emeka. "Le mythe d'un leadership nigérian dans les relations inter-africaines." Études internationales 22, no. 2 (2005): 357–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/702844ar.

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Nigeria's leadership role in inter-African relations remains a myth despite the country's assertiveness in the areas of liberation, conflict mediation and regional economic integration. Rhetoric and posturing in inter-African diplomacy have become a substitute for reality. Furthermore, the weakness of the Nigerian domestic structure and the effects of the structural adjustment programme negate Nigerians capabilities to exert a leadership in inter-African diplomacy.

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Lowe, Kate. "‘REPRESENTING’ AFRICA: AMBASSADORS AND PRINCES FROM CHRISTIAN AFRICA TO RENAISSANCE ITALY AND PORTUGAL, 1402–1608." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 17 (December 2007): 101–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0080440107000552.

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AbstractDuring the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, a number of sub-Saharan envoys and ambassadors from Christian countries, predominantly Ethiopia and the Congo, were sent to Portugal and Italy. This essay shows how cultural assumptions on both sides complicated their task of ‘representing’ Africa. These African ambassadors and princes represented the interests of their rulers or their countries in a variety of ways, from forging personal relationships with the king or pope, to providing knowledge of the African continent and African societies, to acquiring knowledge of European languages a

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Tüfekçi, Özgür. "RISING POWER ACTIVISM VS GREAT POWER STATUSQUOISM: QUEST FOR A PLACE IN AFRICAN POWER POLITICS." Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, no. 47 (May 6, 2025): 267–82. https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1639026.

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This paper seeks to elucidate the policies the United States (US), Russia, China and Türkiye applied to have a place in African power politics. The US, as a great power, and through its strategic engagement with international organisations, addresses issues such as terrorism, the promotion of democracy, and the advocacy of human rights to exert influence over African countries. In contrast, Russia (once a great power; currently a rising power) employs a soft diplomacy strategy, capitalising on its historical context and regional relationships. While China’s contemporary commercial investments

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Glebov, Viktor, and Mykhailo Pokas. "Foreign Policy and Diplomacy of the People’s Republic of China on the African Continent." Mediaforum : Analytics, Forecasts, Information Management, no. 16 (June 30, 2025): 205–17. https://doi.org/10.31861/mediaforum.2025.16.205-217.

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The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of China's foreign policy and diplomacy on the African continent. The subject of analysis is the most important area of Sino-African relations and the prospects for their development in the future. The growing need for natural resources due to China's rapid transition to a market-oriented economy has stimulated Beijing to search for new markets and energy sources, including the African continent. In addition, China considers Africa an integral part of the foundation of the Chinese foreign policy narrative about the non-universal nature o

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Sevriuk, Vladislav. "The African Direction in UK's Public Diplomacy after Brexit." Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no. 3(67) (May 5, 2025): 208–20. https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2024-67-3-208-220.

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The article analyses the main trends in the third dimension of British public diplomacy on the African continent. The focus of the work is on the analysis of various initiatives of the British Council, the Royal Society and the Chatham House think tank. The author turned to the materials of the High Education Statistical Agency, documents of the UK government and data from the British Council’s open sources. Three areas of London's activities were identified, which are being worked on within the framework of the public diplomacy’s third dimension: the educational sector, building a positive im

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Chattu, Vijay Kumar, W. Andy Knight, Anil Adisesh, et al. "Politics of disease control in Africa and the critical role of global health diplomacy: A systematic review." Health Promotion Perspectives 11, no. 1 (2021): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2021.04.

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Background: Africa is facing the triple burden of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and nutritional disorders. Multilateral institutions, bilateral arrangements, and philanthropies have historically privileged economic development over health concerns. That focus has resulted in weak health systems and inadequate preparedness when there are outbreaks of diseases. This review aims to understand the politics of disease control in Africa and global health diplomacy’s (GHD’s) critical role. Methods: A literature review was done in Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Emba

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Frederick, Cloke. "Soft Power Diplomacy on the African Continent: The Rise of China." Journal of Social and Political Sciences 3, no. 1 (2020): 268–76. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1991.03.01.165.

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China’s soft power push is accelerating at a time traditional powers such as the European Union and the United States are perceived to be scaling back their global commitments on the African continent. This has given more vigour and focus on what continues to be a deliberate, long term, and sustained Grand Strategy for China and it’s ambition. China’s leaders have become more adept and attentive to pursuing strategic goals without relying on traditional tools of foreign relations. Moreover, with the growth of China’s global influence, Beijing is less averse to boldly pr

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Umezurike, Samuel A., Chux Gervase Iwu, Lucky E. Asuelime, and Chinelo Augustine Umezurike. "Re-examining Nigeria’s Contributions to the African Union and the Domestic Socio-Economic Ramifications." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 1 (2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i1.1554.

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While there have been scholarly studies that address Nigeria’s diplomacy and contribution to the African Union (AU), many of them have failed to compare and contrast how those have added to the socio-economic development of Nigeria. We encountered a few instances where attempts were made to explain such, yet a fully-fledged analysis lacked in their conclusions. We applied documentary analysis methodology in our review and found that there is a serious misalignment between Nigeria’s diplomacy and support for the African Union on one hand and positive socio-economic development in Nigeria on the

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Anderson, Emma-Louise. "African health diplomacy: obscuring power and leveraging dependency through shadow diplomacy." International Relations 32, no. 2 (2018): 194–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047117817751595.

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Health crises pose fundamental challenges to international relations and have been a major focal point of contests for global influence, particularly in the global South, where such crises are most acute. This necessitates a focus on the arenas of global health diplomacy and the power struggles that emanate from them, including the often-overlooked agency of African actors within these arenas. Drawing upon a total of 3 months of fieldwork in 2007 and 2014 that included 68 key-informant interviews, participant observations, and informal discussions, this article interrogates the mechanics of mu

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Krupina, Anna Alexandrovna. "The role of the United States agency for international development in U.S. public diplomacy in West Africa." Manuscript 18, no. 2 (2025): 476–81. https://doi.org/10.30853/mns20250067.

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The aim of the research is to determine the role of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in implementing U.S. public diplomacy programs in West Africa. The article presents the evolution of USAID’s activities in West Africa using the examples of Ghana, Nigeria, and Mali. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that traditionally, American public diplomacy is studied through the prism of the activities of various institutions in East Africa; however, there are practically no studies in scientific circulation that analyze similar aspects of U.S. operatio

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Ong’ong’a, Daniel Oloo. "Systematic Literature Review: Online Digital Platforms Utilization by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Adopting Digital Diplomacy." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 9, no. 1 (2021): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v9i1.3313.

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Digital diplomacy has become a subject of scrutiny and public interest in recent years. As technology change, so is the functions of diplomats and ministry of foreign affairs (MFA). Most of the countries and MFAs have tried to streamline their services as well as their communicative context by adopting strategies that make them possible to articulate their position in the digital diplomatic sphere. Different scholars have come up with different definitions of digital diplomacy in regards to their context and content of interest. Although this field is on its embryonic state, it is vital in int

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Yudha, Aditya Pratama, Budi Rachman Junita, and Akim. "The Memory of Asian-African Conference as a Public Diplomacy." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 06, no. 02 (2023): 940–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7605658.

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<strong>ABSTRACT: </strong>This paper aims to explain the process of public diplomacy carried out by the Museum of the Asian-African Conference. This r paper focuses on the role of museums as actors of public diplomacy that can help countries fulfill their national interests. This paper also explains what activities have been carried out by the museum to fulfill its role as an actor in Indonesian public diplomacy. The Museum of the Asian-African Conference itself is a historical museum that holds important memories about the Asian-African Conference. This study used qualitative paper methods.

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Nikez, Adu Yao, and George Avele Nwalie. "Nigeria’s Sub – Regional Diplomacy: Nigeria’s role in promoting West African Institutions." Международные отношения, no. 1 (January 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0641.2023.1.39208.

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The study examines Nigerian subregional diplomacy: study of Nigeria’s role in promoting West African Institutions The study focuses on Nigeria’s relations with West African institutions such as the Lake Chad Basin Commission, the Gulf of Guinea Commission and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The authors consider in detail Nigeria’s national interests vis-&#224;-vis West African institutions and Member States. To achieve the objective of the study, the authors pay particular attention to Nigeria’s bilateral relations with neighbouring States and cooperation with Afric

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Umezurike, Samuel A., Chux Gervase Iwu, Lucky E. Asuelime, and Chinelo Augustine Umezurike. "Re-examining Nigeria's Contributions to the African Union and the Domestic Socio-Economic Ramifications." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 1(J) (2017): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i1(j).1554.

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While there have been scholarly studies that address Nigeriaâ€™s diplomacy and contribution to the African Union (AU), many of them have failed to compare and contrast how those have added to the socio-economic development of Nigeria. We encountered a few instances where attempts were made to explain such, yet a fully-fledged analysis lacked in their conclusions. We applied documentary analysis methodology in our review and found that there is a serious misalignment between Nigeriaâ€™s diplomacy and support for the African Union on one hand and positive socio-economic development in Nigeria on

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Sibiri, Hagan. "FOCAC at Twenty." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 07, no. 02 (2021): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740021500081.

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The eighth Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in November 2021 marked two decades since the first major contemporary Sino–African meeting was held in Beijing in 2000. Despite the framework being entrenched as the principal inter-governmental and functional platform for China-Africa diplomacy and an avenue through which China’s policy toward Africa and Africa’s policy toward China is charted, doubts remain among some reviewers about the true nature of the framework. The arguable contention has been whether FOCAC is a self-interested grand machination imposed by China as the dominant acto

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Albasoos, Hani, and Fatima Al Siwaidi. "Defense Diplomacy: The role of the French military bases in the African continent." مجلة العلوم السياسية, no. 65 (May 16, 2023): 329–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30907/jcopolicy.vi65.653.

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This research seeks to study the role of military bases in activating defense diplomacy, with a focus on studying the case of France in the African continent, which relied on its military bases as a tool to implement its foreign policy. The research explains the concept of defense diplomacy and its relationship to military bases as an effective tool to strengthening bilateral relations between the state's parties. The research focuses on studying the effectiveness of military bases as a tool for activating French defense diplomacy, and studying the goals that French foreign policy seeks to ach

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