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Journal articles on the topic 'African egg plant'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ojo, David. "Integrated Harvesting Techniques for African Egg Plant (Solanum macrocarpon L., cv. Igbagba)." American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 1, no. 4 (2011): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajea/2011/558.

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2

Aderemi, A.M., Aderemi, F.T., Aluko, A.K., et al. "EFFECTS OF CHICKEN WASTE ON VEGETATIVE PERFORMANCE OF AFRICAN EGG PLANT (SOLANUM MACROCARPON L.)." Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 4, no. 4B (2024): 256–63. https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v4i4b.919.

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The study was carried out at Horticultural Garden Federal College of Forestry Jericho Ibadan during the rainy season of 2022 to investigate the effect of poultry manure on leaf production of Solanum macrocarpon Linn. The treatments consisted of four (4) levels of poultry manure (0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5t/ha) designated as T1, T2, T3 and T0 as control. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) replicated five (5) times. Data were collected weekly on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and fresh weight at harvest. All data collected were subjected to ana

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Jato, Jonathan, Emmanuel Orman, Yaw Duah Boakye, et al. "Anthelmintic Agents from African Medicinal Plants: Review and Prospects." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (December 31, 2022): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8023866.

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Soil-transmitted helminthiasis affects more than 1.5 billion people globally and largely remains a sanitary problem in Africa. These infections place a huge economic burden on poor countries and affect livestock production, causing substantial economic losses and poor animal health. The emergence of anthelmintic resistance, especially in livestock, and the potential for its widespread in humans create a need for the development of alternative therapies. Medicinal plants play a significant role in the management of parasitic diseases in humans and livestock, especially in Africa. This report re

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4

Aliyu, Ibrahim Mu'azzamu, Bamaiyi Rikum Isaac, Abdulaziz Muhammed, and ZakiyyahYakubu Yahaya Ibrahim. "Ethanol whole plant extract of Ochna afzelii Theales (Ochnaceae) ameliorates anaphylactic inflammation in wistar rats." Journal of Current Biomedical Research 4, no. 6 (2024): 1893–905. https://doi.org/10.54117/jcbr.v4i6.3.

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Research has shown that Ochna afzelii commonly known as African Plane or African Ochna or Afzel’s ochna is a rich source of complex flavonoids which are known to possess anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to investigate the immune-mediated anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol whole plant extract of O. afzelii in rats. The immune-mediated anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using egg albumin-induced active paw anaphylaxis model in rats; and histamine-induced paw edema model in Wistar rats For each of the models, thirty (30) Wistar rats weighing 150 ‐ 200 g were divided into

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Timper, P., and J. P. Wilson. "Root-Knot Nematode Resistance in Pearl Millet From West and East Africa." Plant Disease 90, no. 3 (2006): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0339.

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Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita is important to provide stability to pearl millet production and to reduce nematode populations that can damage crops grown in rotation with pearl millet. The objectives of this study were to determine whether resistance to M. incognita exists in pearl millet from West and East Africa, and to determine if heterogeneity for resistance exists within selected cultivars. Resistance was assessed as nematode egg production per gram of root in greenhouse trials. Seventeen pearl millet cultivars of diverse origin were evaluated as bulk (S0) populations. All African

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6

Josiah, Obi, Adama, and Omalu. "ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITIES OF STEM BARK OF PARKIA BIGLOBOSA ON WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS INFECTED WITH HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS." Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 16, no. 1 (2022): 137–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5826209.

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The anthelmintic effects of stem bark extracts of <em>Parkia biglobosa </em>was evaluated on West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. The stem bark of the plant was obtained from Kwara state of Nigeria. The extraction was done and yielded Crude Methanol Stem Bark Extracts (CMSBE), Ethyl acetate (EA) fraction and Aqueous (AQ) fraction. The anthelmintic potentials were studied <em>in vivo</em> in 18 WAD goats in six completely randomised<em> </em>groups, A, B, C, D, E and F with three animals per group. Group A was treated with 5mL/kg of distilled water as negative control, group B with 6.25mg/kg of Albe

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7

Harris-Shultz, Karen R., Richard F. Davis, Jason Wallace, Joseph E. Knoll, and Hongliang Wang. "A Novel QTL for Root-Knot Nematode Resistance is Identified from a South African Sweet Sorghum Line." Phytopathology® 109, no. 6 (2019): 1011–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-18-0433-r.

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Southern root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita, feed on the underground portions of hundreds of plant species and affect nutrient partitioning and water uptake of the host plants. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is often not significantly damaged by southern root-knot nematodes (RKN) but some sorghum genotypes support greater population densities of RKN than other genotypes. These higher nematode populations increase the risk of damage to subsequently planted susceptible crops. A previous study identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for RKN resistance on sorghum chromosome (chr.) 3.

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8

Din, Sareer Ud, Muhammad Azam Khan, and Muhammad Tahir Akram. "Allelopathic potential of African marigold (Tagetes erecta) in sustainable tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) production." Journal of Applied Horticulture 23, no. 03 (2021): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37855/jah.2021.v23i03.54.

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The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of African marigold (Tagetes erecta) root extract in controlling root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita species and to determine its effectiveness as an intercropped plant on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) morphological and quality traits as well as on soil attributes. The results of the in vivo study revealed that the highest mortality rate (82.33%) of nematodes was observed in T3 treatment (3:1 marigold root extract in distilled water) after 72 hours while minimum egg hatching (9.33) by nematodes was obtained after 12 hours wit

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Nono-Womdim, R., I. S. Swai, M. L. Chadha, K. Gebre-Selassie, and G. Marchoux. "Occurrence of Chilli veinal mottle virus in Solanum aethiopicum in Tanzania." Plant Disease 85, no. 7 (2001): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.7.801a.

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African eggplant, or garden egg (Solanum aethiopicum) is an important vegetable in most sub-Saharan African countries. Since June 1997, viral symptoms, including mosaic, vein clearing, and stunting, have been observed on several crops of African eggplant cv. Tengeru White at a number of sites in the Arusha region of northern Tanzania. Field inspections revealed disease incidence ranging from 50 to 90%. During the same period, high populations of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae were observed in affected crops of African eggplant. These aphids were also found to reproduce in African eggplan

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10

Kemunto, Diana, Evanson R. Omuse, David K. Mfuti, et al. "Effect of Rabbit Urine on the Larval Behavior, Larval Mortality, Egg Hatchability, Adult Emergence and Oviposition Preference of the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith)." Agriculture 12, no. 8 (2022): 1282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081282.

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The fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) is a major cereal pest threatening food security in Africa. African smallholder farmers apply various indigenous pest management practices, including rabbit urine; however, there is no scientific evidence for its efficacy. The FAW eggs, first, second and third instar larvae and moths were exposed to rabbit urine-treated maize leaves alongside untreated maize leaves (control). More FAW larvae (46.0–70.0%) remained on the untreated leaves than those (27.0–43.0%) on the rabbit urine-treated leaves. Rabbit urine caused 6.4 and 12.8% damage

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11

Ichitani, Katsuyuki, Daiki Toyomoto, Masato Uemura, et al. "New Hybrid Spikelet Sterility Gene Found in Interspecific Cross between Oryza sativa and O. meridionalis." Plants 11, no. 3 (2022): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030378.

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Various kinds of reproductive barriers have been reported in intraspecific and interspecific crosses between the AA genome Oryza species, to which Asian rice (O. sativa) and African rice (O. glaberrima) belong. A hybrid seed sterility phenomenon was found in the progeny of the cross between O. sativa and O. meridionalis, which is found in Northern Australia and Indonesia and has diverged from the other AA genome species. This phenomenon could be explained by an egg-killer model. Linkage analysis using DNA markers showed that the causal gene was located on the distal end of chromosome 1. Becaus

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12

Ojebuola, Timothy Okiki, Olabode Thomas Adebayo, and Oluyemi Kazeem Gbadamosi. "Efficacy of Okra Leaf [Abelmoschus esculentus L.] Extract for Removal of Egg Adhesiveness During Artificial Propagation of African Catfish [Clarias gariepinus, Burchel 1822]." Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research 26, no. 7 (2024): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajfar/2024/v26i7780.

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This study evaluated the most effective immersion duration and concentration of okra leaf extract for removing the adhesive properties of Clarias gariepinus eggs. For the breeding experiment, a male and a female C. gariepinus broodstock, weighing 1.3 kg and 1.4 kg respectively, were used. The okra leaf extract was tested at three different concentrations: 1%, 3%, and 5%. Tannic acid at a concentration of 0.75 g per liter of water served as the reference de-adhesion agent, while plain water (without tannic acid or plant extract) was used as the control. The fish eggs were rinsed with the soluti

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13

Agboyi, Lakpo Koku, Babatoundé Ferdinand Rodolphe Layodé, Ken Okwae Fening, et al. "Assessing the Potential of Inoculative Field Releases of Telenomus remus to Control Spodoptera frugiperda in Ghana." Insects 12, no. 8 (2021): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12080665.

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In response to the threat caused by the fall armyworm to African maize farmers, we conducted a series of field release studies with the egg parasitoid Telenomus remus in Ghana. Three releases of ≈15,000 individuals each were conducted in maize plots of 0.5 ha each in the major and minor rainy seasons of 2020, and compared to no-release control plots as well as to farmer-managed plots with chemical pest control. No egg mass parasitism was observed directly before the first field release. Egg mass parasitism reached 33% in the T. remus release plot in the major rainy season, while 72–100% of egg

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14

Ali, M. Fulata, Usman Hamidu, William Arastus, Ibrahim Sule, and I. Zadva Adamu. "Phytochemical, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Evaluation of the Crude Ethanol and n-hexane Extracts of the Aerial Parts of Laggera aurita Linn." Chemistry Research Journal 2, no. 5 (2017): 22–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13950496.

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The use of herbs to treat disease is almost universal among non-industrialized societies, and is often more available, accessible and affordable than purchasing expensive modern pharmaceuticals. <em>Laggera aurita </em>is a widely used medicinal plant in African countries like Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania and Ghana. The leaves are the part of the plant reported to be most commonly used for medicinal purposes, although the plant can be used whole or pulped up. This paper seeks to examine the analgesic and anti inflammatory effects of the crude and<em> n</em>-hexane defatted portion of the aerial

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15

Carvell, Georgina E., Josiah O. Kuja, and Robert R. Jackson. "Rapid nectar-meal effects on a predator's capacity to kill mosquitoes." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 5 (2015): 140426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140426.

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Using Evarcha culicivora , an East African jumping spider (Salticidae), we investigate how nectar meals function in concert with predation specifically at the juvenile stage between emerging from the egg sac and the first encounter with prey. Using plants and using artificial nectar consisting of sugar alone or sugar plus amino acids, we show that the plant species ( Lantana camara , Ricinus communis , Parthenium hysterophorus ), the particular sugars in the artificial nectar (sucrose, fructose, glucose, maltose), the concentration of sugar (20%, 5%, 1%) and the duration of pre-feeding fasts (

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16

Josiah, James Gana, Okechukwu Anthony Obi, John Yisa Adama, and Innocent Chukwuemeka James Omalu. "ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITIES OF STEM BARK OF PARKIA BIGLOBOSA ON WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS INFECTED WITH HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS." Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 16, no. 1 (2022): 137–51. https://doi.org/10.71336/jabs.978.

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The anthelmintic effects of stem bark extracts of Parkia biglobosa was evaluated on West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. The stem bark of the plant was obtained from Kwara state of Nigeria. The extraction was done and yielded Crude Methanol Stem Bark Extracts (CMSBE), Ethyl acetate (EA) fraction and Aqueous (AQ) fraction. The anthelmintic potentials were studied in vivo in 18 WAD goats in six completely randomised groups, A, B, C, D, E and F with three animals per group. Group A was treated with 5mL/kg of distilled water as negative control, group B with 6.25mg/kg of Albendazole (ABZ)(positive cont

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17

Bosma, Theresa, John Dole, and Niels Maness. "621 Optimizing Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) Petal and Pigment Yield." HortScience 35, no. 3 (2000): 504C—504. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.504c.

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Marigold flower pigments can be extracted and used as a natural source of food colorants in the poultry and dairy industry. These pigments impart an orange color to egg yolks and a yellowish color to dairy products. We examined four African marigold cultivars for their ability to be commercially grown and harvested mechanically. `E-1236' yielded the highest quantity of lutein (22 kg/ha), a carotenoid pigment, using a spectrophotometer for quantification. `E-1236' and `A-975' were the earliest flowering cultivars, 11 June 1998 for transplants and 9 July 1998 for direct-seeded, at 8 weeks after

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18

Britt, Jack H. "66 Randel Lecture: Ensuring a Leading Role for USA Animal Protein in Our World’s Food Future." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_1 (2023): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad068.065.

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Abstract Global population is expected to increase by 2.5 billion people by 2072 according to UN projections made recently. Africa will lead growth by adding.8 billion people to its continent (147% increase), and 45 of 50 global countries with greatest percentage growth will be in Africa. Europe’s population will decline by an estimated 100 million people (13% decline), Asia’s population will increase by 12%, and North and South America will increase about 20%. North and South America have 3- to 4-fold more cropland per capita than Africa, but East and South Asia have about one half as much as

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19

Claar, Simone. "Green colonialism in the European Green Deal: Continuities of dependency and the relationship of forces between Europe and Africa." Culture, Practice & Europeanization 7, no. 2 (2022): 262–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2566-7742-2022-2-262.

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In 2019, the European Union set a new course for a sustainable Europe with the European Green Deal (EGD), which included not only energy strategies but also mobility or clean water for a green Europe. The European Green Deal policies have implications and global effects on other world regions, e.g., the African continent. As I would argue, the EGD has a new EU-Africa strategy, which is marked by a continuity of dependency and might be an enabler of green colonialism. Existing patterns of dependency between Africa and Europe are reproduced, but new demands are made vis-à-vis African states whic

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20

Paul Toyin Olonishuwa and Favour Nneamaka Okany. "Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory (in-vitro) properties of extract and fractions of Syzygium guineense leaves." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 27, no. 1 (2025): 1033–38. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.27.1.2561.

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The medicinal plant Syzygium guineense is an ethno-medicinal African plant commonly used for treating inflammatory and oxidative stress-related conditions. It is rich in phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, which are known for their therapeutic properties. The leaves of S. guineense are particularly noted for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of crude extract and various solvent fractions of S. guineense leaves. The leaves were extracted with ethanol and subsequently fract

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John, Enema, Onojah, Umoh, Uwemedimo Francis, Umoh, Uwemedimo Francis, Ekarika, C. Johnson, Khalid, Doudin, and Johnny, I. Imoh. "Isolation and Characterisation of Docosanoic Acid, Quercetin and Vitexin from Dennettia tripetala Bak. f. Root and Stem Bark and their In-vivo Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activities." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 37, no. 3 (2025): 209–28. https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2025/v37i35758.

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Dennettia tripetala Baker f. (Annonaceae) is widely used in African traditional medicine for managing diabetes, inflammation, pain, and other ailments due to its diverse phytochemical composition. This study aimed to isolate and characterize bioactive compounds from the root and stem bark of D. tripetala and evaluate their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties through in vivo models. The plant materials were extracted using 70% aqueous methanol, and the extracts were partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions. Compounds were isolated through open-co

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Droepenu, Eric Kwabena, Nancy Ama Na Jackson, Michael Odoi Kyene, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of Chrysophyllum albidum (African Star Apple) Plant-Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activity." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (June 13, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5508224.

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This study sought to evaluate the added advantage of mediating ZnO nanostructures with a medicinal plant. The synthesized ZnO nanocrystalline structures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and characterized through scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities of the ZnO nanostructure mediated with methanol extracts of the leaf, fruit, and seed of Chrysophyllum albidum were then evaluated using DPPH assay, egg album

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23

Grozea, Ioana, Ana Maria Virteiu, Ramona Stef, et al. "The Spread of Nezara viridula (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae) Species from its First Occurrence in Romania." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 73, no. 2 (2016): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:12128.

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Lately in horticultural agroecosystems from Romania joined several insect species autochthonous. Among these is a species of bugs known as southern green stink bugs or Nezara viridula L. (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Unlike other new entrants this bug species has a diversified polifagism being present in many plants but obvious damage produce only tomato fruit. The causes are unknown. Can be found in gardens, green spaces and parks. Often is observed in vegetable gardens where populations comprise all stages (egg, larva/nymph, adult). Although it has African origins of a warm area is int

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24

Cédric, Yamssi, Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia, Sandra Nfufu, Mounvera Abdel Azizi, Tientcheu Noutong Jemimah Sandra, and Vincent Khan Payne. "Nematocidal Activity of Ethanol and Aqueous Extracts of Persea americana Seeds against Heligmosomoides polygyrus using the Worm Microtracker Method." Journal of Parasitology Research 2023 (September 14, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9545565.

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Background. Infections with gastrointestinal helminths constitute a serious obstacle to the good health of the local population in most African Countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthelminthic activity of Persea americana ethanol and aqueous extracts against Heligmosomoides polygyrus using the worm microtracker. Method. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of P. americana were prepared. Different concentrations of the extracts were tested against the egg and larvae stages of H. polygyrus using an automated high-throughput method. Briefly, embryonated eggs and larvae of this parasit

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Aglago, Elom K., Edwige Landais, Francis Zotor, et al. "Optimising design and cost-effective implementation of future pan-African dietary studies: a review of existing economic integration and nutritional indicators for scenario-based profiling and clustering of countries." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 77, no. 1 (2017): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665117004141.

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Most of the African countries are undergoing a complex nutrition and epidemiologic transition associated with a rapid increase in the prevalence of diverse non-communicable diseases. Despite this alarming situation, the still limited and fragmented resources available in Africa impede the implementation of effective action plans to tackle the current and projected diet–disease burden. In order to address these common needs and challenges, the African Union is increasingly supporting continental approaches and strategies as reflected in the launching of the Agenda 2063 and the African regional

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26

Wen, Jun, Ze-Long Nie, Akiko Soejima, and Ying Meng. "Phylogeny of Vitaceae based on the nuclear GAI1 gene sequencesThis article is one of a selection of papers presented at the symposium on Vitis at the XVII International Botanical Congress held in Vienna, Austria, in 2005." Canadian Journal of Botany 85, no. 8 (2007): 731–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b07-071.

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Phylogenetic analysis of 105 nuclear GAI1 sequences of Vitaceae provided a fairly robust phylogeny, largely congruent with the recently published chloroplast data of the family. In the GAI1 phylogeny, Cayratia Juss., Tetrastigma (Miq.) Planch., and Cyphostemma (Planch.) Alston form a clade. Cyphostemma and Tetrastigma are both monophyletic, and Cayratia is paraphyletic. Ampelopsis Michx is paraphyletic with the African Rhoicissus Planch. and the South American Cissus striata Ruiz & Pav. and its close relatives (e.g., Cissus simsiana Roem. & Schult.) nested within it. The pinnately leav

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Stephenson, Peter J., and Yaa Ntiamoa-Baidu. "Conservation planning for a widespread, threatened species: WWF and the African elephant Loxodonta africana." Oryx 44, no. 2 (2010): 194–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605309990846.

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AbstractIn a case study of conservation planning by a conservation organization working at a continental scale we examine how WWF identified and prioritized its African elephant Loxodonta africana conservation activities. We (1) review lessons learnt from previous work, (2) identify priority landscapes using biological criteria (e.g. population size and viability) and institutional criteria (e.g. feasibility, sustainability and cost-effectiveness of WWF interventions), and (3) conduct a threat analysis and review of national and subregional action plans. We suggest that species action plans sh

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Tarusikirwa, Vimbai L., Honest Machekano, Reyard Mutamiswa, Frank Chidawanyika, and Casper Nyamukondiwa. "Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on the “Offensive” in Africa: Prospects for Integrated Management Initiatives." Insects 11, no. 11 (2020): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11110764.

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The South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) has aggressively invaded the African continent. Since its first detection in North Africa in Morocco and Tunisia in 2008, it has successfully invaded the entire southern, eastern and western Africa, where it has been on the offensive, causing significant damage to Solanaceous food crops. While control of this prolific invader is primarily based on conventional synthetic pesticides, this form of control is consistently losing societal approval owing to (1) pesticide resistance development and consequential loss of field efficacy; (2) gro

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Klopper, Ronell, Pieter Winter, and Roux Marianne Le. "The South African National Plant Checklist: Maintaining the taxonomic backbone for a megadiverse country." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 5 (September 3, 2021): e73899. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.5.73899.

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Updated country and regional plant checklists for southern Africa have been available for several decades. These form the backbone of foundational and applied biodiversity-related processes, e.g., herbarium specimen curation, conservation assessments, and biodiversity policy and planning activities. A plant taxonomic backbone for South Africa has been maintained electronically since the 1970s; originally in the custom-built National Herbarium, Pretoria Computerised Information System (PRECIS) database; and currently in the Botanical Database of Southern Africa (BODATSA), using Botanical Resear

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S, Anirudh. "Farmers' Rights vs Plant Breeders' Rights: Navigating Justice in Agricultural Innovation." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 07 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem51204.

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This paper examines the legal and ethical tension between farmers’ rights and plant breeders’ rights in the context of global agricultural justice. It provides a comparative analysis of international instruments (TRIPS, UPOV, ITPGRFA) and national laws (notably India, the United States, and selected African jurisdictions) that shape intellectual property protection for plant varieties and the corresponding entitlements of farmers. The study explores how different legal regimes balance these rights, highlighting doctrinal issues (e.g. sui generis plant variety protection, patent exemptions) alo

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Mankga, Ledile, Yessoufou Kowiyou, Annah Moteetee, Barnabas Daru, and der Bank Michelle van. "Efficacy of the core DNA barcodes in identifying processed and poorly conserved plant materials commonly used in South African traditional medicine." ZooKeys 365 (December 30, 2013): 215–33. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.365.5730.

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Medicinal plants cover a broad range of taxa, which may be phylogenetically less related but morphologically very similar. Such morphological similarity between species may lead to misidentification and inappropriate use. Also the substitution of a medicinal plant by a cheaper alternative (e.g. other non-medicinal plant species), either due to misidentification, or deliberately to cheat consumers, is an issue of growing concern. In this study, we used DNA barcoding to identify commonly used medicinal plants in South Africa. Using the core plant barcodes, <i>matK </i>and <i>rbcLa</i>, obtained

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Suci, D. M., Supanti Supanti, Yudhi Setiyantari, and Romasta Napitupulu. "Pemberian Berbagai Level Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dan Minyak Ikan (Centrophorus atromarginatus) dalam Ransum Puyuh terhadap Performa, Kolesterol dan Profil Asam Lemak Telur." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 18, no. 1 (2020): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.18.1.24-31.

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The aim of the study was to evaluated the effect of giving water hyacinth and fish oil in quail diet on the performance, egg cholesterol and egg fatty acid profile. This study used 200 unsex day old quail divided into 5 treatments and 4 replications that were reared 5 weeks and then selected male or female. The results of sexing quail at week 5 were 95 females and 86 males. Growth period diets (0-5 weeks) contains 24% crude protein and metabolic energy of 2900 kcal kg-1 and production period diets (5-12 weeks) contains 22% crude protein and 2900 kcal kg-1. The experimental design used a comple

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Suci, D. M., Supanti Supanti, Yudhi Setiyantari, and Romasta Napitupulu. "Pemberian Berbagai Level Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dan Minyak Ikan (Centrophorus atromarginatus) dalam Ransum Puyuh terhadap Performa, Kolesterol dan Profil Asam Lemak Telur." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 18, no. 1 (2020): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.v18i1.30993.

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The aim of the study was to evaluated the effect of giving water hyacinth and fish oil in quail diet on the performance, egg cholesterol and egg fatty acid profile. This study used 200 unsex day old quail divided into 5 treatments and 4 replications that were reared 5 weeks and then selected male or female. The results of sexing quail at week 5 were 95 females and 86 males. Growth period diets (0-5 weeks) contains 24% crude protein and metabolic energy of 2900 kcal kg-1 and production period diets (5-12 weeks) contains 22% crude protein and 2900 kcal kg-1. The experimental design used a comple

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Aydınlı, G., S. Mennan, Z. Devran, S. Širca, and G. Urek. "First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne ethiopica on Tomato and Cucumber in Turkey." Plant Disease 97, no. 9 (2013): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-13-0019-pdn.

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The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne ethiopica Whitehead, mainly reported from African countries, was first described in 1968 in Tanzania (4). It was further detected in South America (Brazil, Chile, and Peru) (2). In 2004, M. ethiopica was recorded for the first time in Europe on tomato (3) and later in field soil samples from maize (Zea mays L.) and kiwi [Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang & A. R. Ferguson] collected in the area of Kavalla in North Greece (1). M. ethiopica was included on the EPPO alert list of harmful organisms in 2011. In summer 2009, severe stunting, leaf wiltin

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Laminou, Saidou A., Malick Niango Ba, Laouali Karimoune, Ali Doumma, and Rangaswamy Muniappan. "Parasitism of Locally Recruited Egg Parasitoids of the Fall Armyworm in Africa." Insects 11, no. 7 (2020): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11070430.

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The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an insect native to the tropical and subtropical Americas that has recently spread to Africa, where it predominately attacks maize, sorghum and other plant species. Biological control is an environmentally friendly way of combatting the pest and contributes to an integrated pest management approach. In Africa, several trichogrammatid parasitoids and Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) have been found parasitizing eggs of the FAW. In Niger, the egg parasitoids encountered include Trichogramm

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Shayne, Mette. "Acquiring and Studying African Literature." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 117, no. 5 (2002): 1225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081202x60314.

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martin cohen's “developments in foreign approval buying,” in the march 2001 issue of pmla, lists some of “the foreign language bibliographer's […] tricks” (393) for stocking collections. Acquiring African literature, however, is largely a different matter. The approval plans Cohen mentions, whereby “the vendor allows you to see the book [or a description of it] before you decide whether or not to add it to the collection,” would be applicable to the presses in England and France specializing in Third World literature (e.g., Heinemann in England, L'Harmattan in France), which publish primarily

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Päts, P., B. Ekbom, and H. Skovgård. "Influence of intercropping on the abundance, distribution and parasitism of Chilo spp. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs." Bulletin of Entomological Research 87, no. 5 (1997): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300041377.

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AbstractTwo of the most common and serious pests of maize and sorghum in the coastal areas of East Africa are the pyralid species, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) and C. orichalcociliellus (Strand). Maize monocrop (with high and low plant density) and maize/cowpea mixed intercrop field experiments were conducted in Kenya to test if intercropping decreased the number of egg batches laid, altered the distribution of the egg batches and influenced egg parasitism. There was no significant difference in the number of egg batches per plant between treatments and the egg batches were randomly distributed o

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Kamatou, Guy P. P., Robyn L. Van Zyl, Hajierah Davids, Sandy F. Van Vuuren, and Alvaro M. Viljoen. "Synergistic and Antagonistic Interactions of Essential Oils on the Biological Activities of the Solvent Extracts from Three Salvia species." Natural Product Communications 3, no. 7 (2008): 1934578X0800300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0800300714.

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The solvent extracts of aromatic plants contain both volatile (e.g. essential oils) and non-volatile compounds. The biological activities (antibacterial, anti-oxidant, antiplasmodial and anticancer) of the solvent extracts of three South African Salvia species ( Salvia africana-caerulea, S. africana-lutea and S. lanceolata) were evaluated in the presence and absence of the essential oils. The solvent extract of S. africana-caerulea free of essential oil exhibited the best activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC value: 0.4 mg/mL), while the solvent extract containing essential oil of S. la

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du Plessis, André. "A PERSONAL REFLECTION ON COVID-19 ONLINE TEACHING, LEARNING, AND ASSESSMENT WITH SUGGESTIONS FOR RESEARCH." Journal of Baltic Science Education 21, no. 4 (2022): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/22.21.536.

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COVID-19 had a severe impact on teaching and learning in schools and tertiary education institutions. Human Rights Watch (Impact of Covid-19 on Children’s Education in Africa, 2022) posits that due to the closure of many schools in African countries, a significant majority of learners were excluded from continuing their education as learning and teaching halted. The pandemic has also had its effect on the higher education sector within the South African context, however, data about non-attendance and drop-out seems not to be freely available as revealed by searching online. Nonetheless, it is

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Boutueil, Virginie, Gaele Lesteven, and Luc Nemett. "Toward the Integration of Paratransit in Transportation Planning in African Cities." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 9 (2020): 995–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120933270.

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This research examines the history of transportation planning in African cities and how paratransit has been taken into account in the production of planning documents. On the rise since the 1980s, paratransit today is the most common motorized transportation mode in many African cities. The dominant approach among policymakers has been to limit paratransit, in some cases even to ban it. The question this research explores is how distrust of paratransit, and underappreciation of its intrinsic qualities, have been reflected in urban transportation plans. Having selected two cities—Cape Town, So

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SAUNDERS, RICHARD M. K., XING GUO, and CHIN CHEUNG TANG. "Friesodielsia subaequalis (Annonaceae): a new nomenclatural combination following conservation of the generic name against Schefferomitra." Phytotaxa 464, no. 2 (2020): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.464.2.5.

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Friesodielsia (Annonaceae; Uvarieae) was erected by Van Steenis (1948: 458) to replace the illegitimate name Oxymitra (Blume 1830: 71) Hooker & Thomson (1855: 145), which was a later homonym of the liverwort Oxymitra Bischoff in Lindenberg (1829: 124). Although Van Steenis recognized 52 species in Friesodielsia from Africa and Asia, many taxonomists questioned whether the taxa in these two geographical regions were truly congeneric (e.g., Verdcourt 1971, Van Heusden 1992). The African and Asian species are morphologically distinct with regard to overall flower shape (broad vs elongate), in

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MOTHOBI, Anna, Emmanuel EDOUN, and Vinessa NAIDOO. "ASSESSMENT OF LEADERSHIP AND SERVICE DELIVERY AT LOCAL MUNICIPALITY IN SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law 31 (2024): 292–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/jopafl-2024-31-22.

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Leadership is a very important element for effective service delivery. However, Madibeng Local Municipality is exposed to excessive corrupted related activities. Information gathered on the ground revealed that, projects are not completed due to political fighting on the group.. There are no plans in-place to offer good services. Money is squandered. Top management including the mayor are involved in corrupt related activities. They are only concerned about their positions, power and money. Projects are not completely e.g. water treatment and reticulation plant that started in 2015 have not be

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Berry, Kristin H., Timothy A. Gowan, David M. Miller, and Matthew L. Brooks. "Models of Invasion and Establishment for African Mustard (Brassica tournefortii)." Invasive Plant Science and Management 7, no. 4 (2014): 599–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-14-00023.1.

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AbstractIntroduced exotic plants can drive ecosystem change. We studied invasion and establishment ofBrassica tournefortii(African mustard), a noxious weed, in the Chemehuevi Valley, western Sonoran Desert, California. We used long-term data sets of photographs, transects for biomass of annual plants, and densities of African mustard collected at irregular intervals between 1979 and 2009. We suggest that African mustard may have been present in low numbers along the main route of travel, a highway, in the late 1970s; invaded the valley along a major axial valley ephemeral stream channel and th

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Orengo, Kenneth Otieno, James Mucunu Mbaria, Maingi Ndichu, Kitaa Jafred, and Mitchel Otieno Okumu. "Preliminary Phytochemical Composition and In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Olea africana against Mixed Gastrointestinal Worms in Dogs." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (August 16, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5224527.

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Olea africana is used by some indigenous communities in Kenya to control gastrointestinal worms in animals. Plant-based anthelmintics are gaining popularity globally in the control of gastrointestinal worms in animals. The egg hatch inhibition assay was used to assess the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of O. africana against the eggs of mixed gastrointestinal helminths in dogs. Probit regression was used to calculate the concentration of extracts that inhibited egg hatching by 50% (IC50). Albendazole was used as a control. Standard techniques were used to q

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Nsevolo, Papy. "Authoritative Taxonomic Databases for Progress in Edible Insect and Host Plant Inventories." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 5 (September 29, 2021): e75908. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.5.75908.

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Insects play a vital role for humans. Apart from well-known ecosystem services (e.g., pollination, biological control, decomposition), they also serve as food for humans. An increasing number of research reports (Mitsuhashi 2017, Jongema 2018) indicate that entomophagy (the practice of eating insects by humans), is a long-standing practice in many countries around the globe. In Africa notably, more than 524 insects have been reported to be consumed by different ethnic groups, serving as a cheap, ecofriendly and renewable source of nutrients on the continent.Given the global recession due to th

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Opara, E., and G. A. Udourioh. "Garden Egg (Solanum aethiopicum) as a Mystical plant in Akabo, South Eastern Nigeria: Health and Economic Implications." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 27, no. 11 (2023): 2651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i11.38.

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Garden egg, popularly known as eggplant, is one of the strange and enigmatic vegetable plants that can energize and heal the body as well as the spirit. It is a manifestation of the wonders of God’s creation and magnanimity. As recorded in the holy books, God made man and woman and told them to eat vegetables to keep their bodies and spirits healthy and together. Garden egg is one fruit that is highly acceptable and valued when offered to visitors. In Akabo, South eastern Nigeria, there is a practice called "Ofe", which translates to "garden eggplant mystics". It is a significant mystical prac

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Hounzangbe-Adote, S., I. Fouraste, K. Moutairou, and H. Hoste. "In vitro effects of four tropical plants on the activity and development of the parasitic nematode, Trichostrongylus colubriformis." Journal of Helminthology 79, no. 1 (2005): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2004265.

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AbstractThe in vitro effects of extracts of four tropical plants (Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides, Newbouldia laevis, Morinda lucida and Carica papaya) on the egg, infective larvae and adult worms of Trichostrongylus colubriformis were screened for potential anthelmintic properties. Significant effects were observed with the four plants on T. colubriformis but they differed depending on the stage of the parasite. Extracts of each plant induced a dose-dependent inhibition of egg hatching. Using a larval inhibition migration test, the effects on the infective larvae were also detected with the four p

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Sorgho, Raissa, Carlos A. Montenegro Quiñonez, Valérie R. Louis, et al. "Climate Change Policies in 16 West African Countries: A Systematic Review of Adaptation with a Focus on Agriculture, Food Security, and Nutrition." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (2020): 8897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238897.

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Climate change strongly impacts the agricultural sector in West Africa, threatening food security and nutrition, particularly for populations with the least adaptive capacity. Little is known about national climate change policies in the region. This systematic review identifies and analyses climate change policy documents in all 16 West African countries: (1) What are the existing climate change adaptation policies publicly available? (2) Which topics are addressed? (3) How are agriculture and food security framed and addressed? Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed and Google scholar as key da

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McNally, A., C. Funk, G. J. Husak, et al. "Estimating Sahelian and East African soil moisture using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 6 (2013): 7963–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-7963-2013.

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Abstract. Rainfall gauge networks in Sub-Saharan Africa are inadequate for assessing Sahelian agricultural drought, hence satellite-based estimates of precipitation and vegetation indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provide the main source of information for early warning systems. While it is common practice to translate precipitation into estimates of soil moisture, it is difficult to quantitatively compare precipitation and soil moisture estimates with variations in NDVI. In the context of agricultural drought early warning, this study quantitatively compares ra

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Archer van Garderen, E. R. M. "(Re) Considering Cattle Farming in Southern Africa under a Changing Climate." Weather, Climate, and Society 3, no. 4 (2011): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-11-00026.1.

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Abstract Scientists in southern Africa and elsewhere focusing on climate change and agriculture are increasingly demonstrating how livestock, as a highly climate sensitive sector, may be affected by climate change. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) observes, for example, that “Projected increased temperature, combined with reduced precipitation in some regions (e.g., Southern Africa) would lead to increased loss of domestic herbivores during extreme events in drought-prone areas” (Easterling et al.). Response and policy discussions aroun

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