Academic literature on the topic 'African Higher Education'
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Journal articles on the topic "African Higher Education"
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Foulds, Kim, and Paul Tiyambe Zeleza. "The African Academic Diaspora and African Higher Education." International Higher Education, no. 76 (May 12, 2014): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2014.76.5526.
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Because of the focus on the impact of “brain drain,” discussions centered on the African academic diaspora often fail to highlight the expansive and innovative relationships between institutions of higher education across Africa and African academic diaporans. Recent initiatives, specifically the Carnegie African Diaspora Fellowship Program, seek to build on existing and develop new relationships to promote academic exchanges and collaborations to internationalize and strengthen the capacities of African universities.
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Ajani, Oluwatoyin A., and Bongani T. Gamede. "Decolonising Teacher Education Curriculum in South African Higher Education." International Journal of Higher Education 10, no. 5 (2021): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v10n5p121.
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Calls for the decolonisation of higher education in South Africa gained prominence after the #Rhodesmustfall, #Feesmustfall and series of 2015-2016 students’ protests in South African higher institutions. Visible in the demands of the students during these protests was the need for the decolonisation of higher education curriculum to ensure reflection of diverse realities in South Africa. This led to various conferences in different parts of the Republic. However, while some scholars are clamouring for the need for decolonisation, others consider the desire for decoloniality and glocalization. Thus, the subject of decolonisation remains a debate in South African society. Meanwhile, decolonisation is still very much crucial. Seemingly, in the words of Steve Biko, decolonization should begin from the mind. Hence, this discursive study explores how pre-service teachers’ minds can be decolonised for realities in transforming South African higher education. The study adopts Critical Race Theory as a lens for this phenomenon. South African higher education curriculum has predominantly been Eurocentric and epistemic, reflecting Western dominance in post-apartheid South Africa. The study argues why and how South African higher education institutions can place teacher education at the centre of learning experiences, for students to adapt and maximize the realities in their contexts, and for responsive lived experiences. Thus, adding voices to a curriculum that promotes total rethink, reflections and reconstruction of students' minds in integrating the existing Eurocentrism and epistemic knowledge with African philosophy in higher education institutions.
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Atteh, Samuel O. "The Crisis in Higher Education in Africa." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 24, no. 1 (1996): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500004935.
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Africa is experiencing an educational crisis of unprecedented proportions in higher education. Having been hailed in the 1960s as agent of modernization, social mobilization, and economic growth, most African universities are now tumbling down under the pressures of diminishing financial resources. From all indications, Africa is lagging behind other developing regions in terms of public expenditures particularly on education, availability of educational facilities, equal access to education, adequate pools of qualified teachers, and sufficient numbers of professionals and skilled workers. Pertinent data show that most African governments in the 1960s and 1970s made comparable progressive accomplishments in higher education. However, these accomplishments steadily disappeared in the 1980s. What went wrong in the 1980s? Why is higher education now such a convenient target for African leaders/governments, when pressured to trim their overextended public sector? To what extent is the lack of multiparty democracies affecting the deteriorating state of higher education in Africa? Is the declining importance attached to education in sub-Saharan Africa a reflection of the lack of education among Africa’s tyrannical rulers, hence the low appreciation of education? What role did the foreign financial institutions play in the African educational system? How can we turn the educational crisis around? These questions not only address African educational issues but also help us to explain the scope of this crisis. In a comparative analysis, this study describes the main African higher educational problems, identifies the root causes of the problems, and finally examines the implications for the twenty-first century.
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Atteh, Samuel O. "The Crisis in Higher Education in Africa." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 24, no. 1 (1996): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700502157.
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Africa is experiencing an educational crisis of unprecedented proportions in higher education. Having been hailed in the 1960s as agent of modernization, social mobilization, and economic growth, most African universities are now tumbling down under the pressures of diminishing financial resources. From all indications, Africa is lagging behind other developing regions in terms of public expenditures particularly on education, availability of educational facilities, equal access to education, adequate pools of qualified teachers, and sufficient numbers of professionals and skilled workers. Pertinent data show that most African governments in the 1960s and 1970s made comparable progressive accomplishments in higher education. However, these accomplishments steadily disappeared in the 1980s. What went wrong in the 1980s? Why is higher education now such a convenient target for African leaders/governments, when pressured to trim their overextended public sector? To what extent is the lack of multiparty democracies affecting the deteriorating state of higher education in Africa? Is the declining importance attached to education in sub-Saharan Africa a reflection of the lack of education among Africa’s tyrannical rulers, hence the low appreciation of education? What role did the foreign financial institutions play in the African educational system? How can we turn the educational crisis around? These questions not only address African educational issues but also help us to explain the scope of this crisis. In a comparative analysis, this study describes the main African higher educational problems, identifies the root causes of the problems, and finally examines the implications for the twenty-first century.
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Obamba, Milton. "The Dragon's Deal: Sino-African Cooperation in Higher Education." International Higher Education, no. 72 (March 17, 2015): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2013.72.6102.
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China and Africa have a long tradition of bilateral cooperation. The establishment of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in 2000 has dramatically revolutionized Sino-African cooperation. It is an intergovernmental agency established jointly by China and African countries to provide a plan for strengthening bilateral cooperations between China and 50 African member countries. The emergence of FOCAC can be more accurately interpreted as part of the increasing institutionalization and intensification of Sino-African relations, at a time of deepening multilateral interactions, although critiques have intensified simultaneously.
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Burton, Eric. "Decolonization, the Cold War, and Africans’ routes to higher education overseas, 1957–65." Journal of Global History 15, no. 1 (2020): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174002281900038x.
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AbstractFrom the late 1950s, Africans seeking higher education went to a rapidly increasing number of destinations, both within Africa and overseas. Based on multi-sited archival research and memoirs, this article shows how Africans forged and used new routes to gain access to higher education denied to them in their territories of origin, and in this way also shaped scholarship policies across the globe. Focusing on British-ruled territories in East Africa, the article establishes the importance of African intermediaries and independent countries as hubs of mobility. The agency of students and intermediaries, as well as official responses, are examined in three interconnected cases: the clandestine ‘Nile route’ from East Africa to Egypt and eastern Europe; the ‘airlifts’ from East Africa to North America; and the ‘exodus’ of African students from the Eastern bloc to western Europe. Although all of these routes were short-lived, they transformed official scholarship provisions, and significantly shaped the postcolonial period in the countries of origin.
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Mills, D. "The 'new' African higher education?" African Affairs 103, no. 413 (2004): 667–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adh072.
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Ulmer, Nico, and Kerstin Wydra. "Sustainability in African higher education institutions (HEIs)." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 21, no. 1 (2020): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-03-2019-0106.
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Purpose Research on sustainability in higher education institutions (HEIs) is unequally distributed globally. The existing publications on sustainability in HEIs have largely focussed on the Global North. Meanwhile, little is known about the state of sustainability in HEIs located in the Global South, and within African HEIs in particular. This study aims to fill this gap and investigates the status of sustainability activities in participating African HEIs. Design/methodology/approach A Delphi study involving 32 experts from 16 African countries and a total of 29 HEIs was conducted between December 2017 and May 2018. Experts were asked to share their insights on sustainability and Africanisation through an online questionnaire in two rounds. Findings Although 30 of the 32 participants agreed with the provided definitions of sustainability and sustainable development (two participants did not answer), 11 of the participants commented that important issues such as governance and culture were missing. This trend indicates that the sustainability discussion is still led from a western vantage point. Nevertheless, Africanisation plays a role in around two-thirds of participating HEIs’ sustainability activities, with the language factor representing the most pressing issue. Research limitations/implications The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the current state of sustainability activities and Africanisation of participating African HEIs, and the importance of language and culture in this process. Originality/value This study is one of few works that have investigated the state of sustainability activities in African HEIs. Furthermore, it adopts a positive stance on sustainability in Africa, rather than focussing on negative circumstances.
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Jackson, Kanika. "Higher Education Pathways." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Higher Education 4, no. 1 (2019): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jimphe.v4i1.1660.
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Rivers, Patrick A., John Kwame Rivers, and Vanessa Hazell. "Africa and Technology in Higher Education." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 5 (2015): 14–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss5.354.
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Showing that technology in higher education in African countries is lagging behind the developed world and also that Internet connectivity is on the rise in African nations, this paper describes and analyzes trends in the use of ICTs as well as the impact that the shortage in technological use and capacity has on Africa, particularly that needed to address the changing demands within the higher education sector. Challenges to the proposed widespread implementation of technology exist, particularly because most institutions of higher education have very limited technological capacity and basic resources, such as electricity, equipment, and funding; brain drain, improper use of ICT, and the colonial mindset are also factors. It is suggested that ICT be integrated into education with a purpose and within the context of postcolonial theory and a critical pedagogy perspective. Key uses of ICT in education, including mobile technology, are access, support, and communication, making learning available to anyone anywhere and enhancing learning as an interactive process, with much potential for collaboration and problem-solving. Four salient components related to incorporating ICTs into higher education are discussed: (a) teacher education; (b) curriculum; (c) distance learning; and (d) educational policy, planning, and management. Examples of technological initiatives in higher education as well as recommendations are given. Ghana, Kenya, and Tanzania, representative of other African nations to varying degrees, are highlighted in regard to ICT infrastructure and its relevancy to higher education. It is concluded that African higher education has high potential for catching up in the technological race.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "African Higher Education"
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Hay, Driekie. "Quality considerations in South African higher education." Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 2, Issue 2: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/459.
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Published Article<br>The implementation of quality assurance systems in higher education have never been accepted without debate nor severe critique. This can partially be ascribed to academics' strong views on academic freedom and autonomy. In this paper an admissible distinction between quality assurance and quality enhancement as two entries on a continuum is made.
A plea is made that Southern African higher education institutions should invest in establishing self-reflective practices rather than a culture of compliances. The author concludes that quality enhancement embedded in a self-evaluation approach has the potential to make a contribution towards transforming the South African higher education system in more than one way.
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Ngimwa, Pauline Gachaki. "A collaborative design process for educational digital resources in African higher education." Thesis, Open University, 2012. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54233/.
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Within Africa, access to digital library systems is critical in supporting higher level teaching, learning and research. Currently there is a high demand with inadequate resources which often produces poorly supported learning outcomes. The effectiveness of current resources is further limited by poor design processes, which is worsened by stakeholders (academics, e-learning technologists and digital librarians and designers) often working in isolation. Ultimately, designed resources become less user-centred and sustainable. This thesis sought to provide empirically developed collaborative design process guidance for design stakeholders developing educational digital resources within African higher education. Following a Human Computer Interaction research approach, eleven best practice digital library projects identified from three case studies of African universities (in Kenya, Uganda and South Africa) were investigated. Data was drawn from interviews, observations and an examination of documents. This investigation identified three interrelated factors that impacted on the design process (i. e. human relationships, innovative technologies and policies). The human relationships factor comprised multidisciplinary design stakeholders and included a subset i. e. design champions (multidisciplinary and domain champions) whose role changed the facilitation and eventual output of the other stakeholders in the design process. The multidisciplinary champions took on a participatory approach to engagement while the domain champions assumed an approach that was less engaging. The innovative technologies factor comprised universal technologies and 'flexible' technologies (i. e. Web 2.0 applications and the Open Source Software) which supported the design process and enhanced user-centeredness and sustainability of the projects. Existing institutional and national policies supported stakeholder collaboration and application of the innovative technologies. The absence of any of these factors in the digital library projects weakened the design process and reduced effectiveness of digital resources. These three factors have been used to develop the Collaborative Educational Resources Design (CERD) process model as a guidance tool to support multidisciplinary design stakeholders indesigning effective digital resources.
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Tjabane, Masebala. "Education policy and social justice in higher education : a South African case study." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2010. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04242010-194940.
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Sowazi, Sibongile. "Internationalisation of South African higher education : rationales and implementation." Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760923.
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The primary aim of the study is to analyse the South African higher education sector’s understanding and implementation of the internationalisation of higher education, in conjunction with the identification of commonalities, variations and disparities in their activities. This entails the following supporting objectives: 1) understanding of internationalisation in the higher education institutions of South Africa selected for the study; 2) exploring the rationales and approaches undertaken in internationalisation in these particular higher education institutions; and 3) comparing the similarities and divergences of these entities’ internationalisation implementation strategies. The study employed qualitative research techniques; this was influenced by the researcher’s social constructivist stance, in combination with the qualitative investigatory methods, which were the most appropriate for the resolution of the research questions. Secondary data was collected from institutional policy documents, progress reports and websites. Primary data was collected through individual, semi-structured interviews. A comparison across three case studies yielded insights into the way internationalisation of teaching and learning is approached and implemented. All three case studies appear to regard internationalisation as a significant component of their business and activities. However, each institution adopts and interprets internationalisation in diverse manners, in conjunction with prioritising and contrasting different rationales. From the findings, some recommendations were derived for consideration by policy makers and practitioners in higher education institutions. This study has contributed to the body of knowledge by developing a practical tool that may assist in initiating and implementing international partnerships.
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Smit, Patricia Elizabeth. "Leadership in South African higher education : a multifaceted conceptualisation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020515/.
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This thesis explores the meaning of leadership in the context of higher education in South Africa, a society in transition. The higher education system in the country is in a process of change from being fragmented and segregated, to being a democratic one, guided by various policies. Within this facilitative environment, very little is said about leadership yet 'leadership' has been blamed in many instances where things have gone wrong. This qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews with middlelevel academic leaders, reveals inequalities in terms of who is leading at that level. The study also reveals an awareness of the existence of these inequities among the manager-leaders; they do, however, hold two distinct viewpoints about the causes of these inequities. A feminist and poststructuralist framework is used to analyse specific dimensions of the manager-leaders' understandings and practices of leadership. In the absence of a defined discourse of leadership, the manager-leaders are drawing on their own personal experiences of how they have been and are led and their own practices of how they lead in order to conceptualise leadership and what constitutes a leader. The study shows that the managerleaders understand leadership as a combination of leadership practice, i.e. how it is being enacted and their notions of characteristics desired in leaders. Their descriptions of leadership seem to be characterised by relational elements. In addition, the findings show that race and gender have specific implications for leadership; from a racial perspective additional roles are added to the general identified leadership practices while a gender perspective reveals several invisible leadership aspects. The thesis therefore describes leadership as an activity or process influenced by contextual elements: historical imperatives, organisational factors, and personal and group constructs, such as race and gender.
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Tollerson, Latrice Jones. "Challenges of African American Female Veterans Enrolled in Higher Education." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6139.
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African American women represent 19% of the 2.1 million living female veterans. They are the largest minority group among veteran women; however, little is known about the challenges that they face when they transition to a postsecondary learning environment. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand better how this cohort of veterans who served in the U.S. Army during military campaigns in the Middle East overcame transitional challenges to higher education. This study utilized Schlossberg's adult transition theory and identity formation as described in Josselson's theory of identity development in women. The focus of this study was on how female veterans constructed meaning as they overcame transitional challenges and coped with change. The research questions focused on understanding the perceived social, emotional, and financial needs and discerning to what extent faculty and staff helped or hindered their academic success. Purposeful sampling strategies were used to select 12 veteran African American females who attend higher education to participate in semistructured interviews. Thematic analysis of the data indicated that being a better role model and provider; facing financial difficulties; and balancing home, school, and career were among the key findings. These findings on challenges of African American female veterans' experiences can be used to inform university administrators, state employment agencies, the Army's Soldier for Life Transition Program, and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. This study contributes to positive social change by providing understanding to institutions of higher education regarding the transitional experiences of African American female veterans and the need to implement programs to assist them better.
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Tsephe, Lifutso. "A Capabilities Approach to African Women’s Success in Doctoral Programmes in South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80526.
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There are many documented reasons why both men and women fail to complete their doctoral studies such as insufficient funding, family responsibilities as well as demotivation due to lack of progress in their research (Herman, 2011c, Gardner, 2008, Magano, 2011). However, it is arguable that men are at an advantage of completing their doctoral studies at a higher rate compared to women, partly due to the masculine culture within higher education institutions, which includes aspects such as having more male senior lecturers/academics (Brown and Watson, 2010, Ismail, 2011, Haake, 2011). Several studies have shown how African women’s experience and performance in doctoral studies are impacted by several relations within the learning environment such as lack of role models, mentorship, insufficient funding, dual identities and masculine environment (Brown and Watson, 2010, Johnson-Bailey, Velentine, Cervero, and Bowles, 2008). Despite such obstacles, it is important to mention that there are some women, who successfully complete their doctoral studies. This study, therefore, aims to focus on African women who have successfully completed their doctoral studies in South Africa in order to bring forth positive narratives of African women’s success in doctoral education. Using the capabilities approach as the analytical framework, and in-depth interviews with fourteen selected African women doctoral graduates from a South African university, this study examines women’s experiences of accessing, participating and progressing through doctoral programmes in higher education. The research adopts an interpretative model, which results in principles that are necessary for interpreting the actions and behaviours of people, such as agency, opportunities, and beings and doings in seeking to answer the following questions: 1) What capabilities using the capabilities approach enabled African women, doctoral students’ success in higher education? 2) What functionings did African women, doctoral graduates hope for after completion of their doctoral studies? 3) How did African women use their agency to develop capabilities (opportunities and freedoms) for academic success? 4) What conversion factors enabled or constrained African women’s success in their doctoral journeys?<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2021.<br>Education Management and Policy Studies<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted
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Mason, Gregory K. "The Role of Mentoring in Developing Future African American Community College Presidents." Thesis, Indiana Wesleyan University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10930282.
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<p> American community colleges are facing the dual dilemma of replacing the increasing number of presidents who are retiring, and promoting more diversity among their successors. Mentoring is viewed as a way of helping minority faculty and administrators acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to advance successfully into senior leadership roles. This study utilized a mixed-methods phenomenological approach to explore the differences in the perceptions of preparedness for their first presidency among Black/African-American community college presidents, who were mentored through an afro-centric leadership development program; other formal, national leadership programs, or mentored informally. The study was framed by five research questions exploring possible differences in participants’ backgrounds, career paths, and perceived impact of mentoring. Survey findings revealed few demographic differences among the respondents. Themes emerging from qualitative interviews of 12 randomly selected presidents indicated differences in perception regarding the impact of the psychosocial and career development aspects of mentoring in preparing for the presidency. The study identified the importance of context in determining the types of mentored relationships, and may offer insights regarding the role of mentoring in developing future minority presidents.</p><p>
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Ogude, Nthabiseng Audrey. "The imperative of good education in our time: unlocking the doors of education in higher education." e-TUT, 2012. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000649.
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Installation speech by the Vice-Chancellor and Principal designate of Tshwane University of Technology, Prof Nthabiseng Ogude, on 22 November 2012.<br>Inauguration speech by the Vice-Chancellor and Principal designate of Tshwane University of Technology, Prof Nthabiseng Ogude, on 22 November 2012 in which she accepted responsibility of Vice-Chancellor and Principal of Tshwane University of Technology
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Allen, William L. "The Demise of Industrial Education for African Americans: ||Revisiting the Industrial Curriculum in Higher Education." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1189474472.
Full textBooks on the topic "African Higher Education"
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Knight, Jane, and Emnet Tadesse Woldegiorgis, eds. Regionalization of African Higher Education. SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-956-0.
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Sehoole, Chika, and Jane Knight, eds. Internationalisation of African Higher Education. SensePublishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-311-9.
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Ajayi, J. F. Ade. The African experience with higher education. Association of African Universities, 1996.
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Maringe, Felix, and Emmanuel Ojo, eds. Sustainable Transformation in African Higher Education. SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-902-7.
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Seepe, Sipho. Towards an African identity of higher education. Vista University and Skotaville Media, 2004.
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G, Altbach Philip, and Damtew Teferra. African Higher Education: An International Reference Handbook. Indiana University Press, 2003.
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African higher education policy: A survey of sub-Saharan Africa : education and sustainable development in sub-Saharan Africa. International Scholars Publications, 1998.
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Weaving success: Voices of change in African higher education. Institute of International Education, 2011.
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G, Subotzky, Afeti George, and World Bank, eds. Differentiation and articulation in tertiary education systems: A study of twelve African countries. The World Bank, 2008.
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Cross, Beth. Sounding out the silences: Narratives and absences in African higher education. Centre of African Studies, Edinburgh University, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "African Higher Education"
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Dell, Sharon. "Africa: International Collaboration in African Research—Who Wins?" In Understanding Higher Education Internationalization. SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6351-161-2_68.
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Pillay, Pundy, Emnet Tadesse Woldegiorgis, and Jane Knight. "Higher Education Finance." In Regionalization of African Higher Education. SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-956-0_11.
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Bon, Anna. "Africa: Closing The Digital Gap in African Higher Education." In Understanding Global Higher Education. SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6351-044-8_37.
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Cossa, José. "African Higher Education and Altbach’s Influence." In Higher Education Dynamics. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7085-0_12.
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Page, TaNeisha R. "African Americans in Higher Education." In Black Americans in Higher Education. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429266560-6.
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Jowi, James Otieno, Jane Knight, and Chika Sehoole. "Internationalisation of African Higher Education." In Internationalisation of African Higher Education. SensePublishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-311-9_2.
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Woldegiorgis, Emnet Tadesse, and Jane Knight. "Achieving African Higher Education Regionalization." In Regionalization of African Higher Education. SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-956-0_13.
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Strydom, Kalie. "Globalisation, Regional Responsiveness and a Developing South African Higher Education System." In Higher Education Dynamics. Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0579-1_11.
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Okuwa, Oluwakemi B., and Omolara A. Campbell. "Financing Higher Education in Nigeria." In Sustainable Transformation in African Higher Education. SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-902-7_12.
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Müller, Christine. "Aerospace Research in African Higher Education." In Southern Space Studies. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06040-4_9.
Full textConference papers on the topic "African Higher Education"
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Staab, Laurel. "Creating a project-based degree at a new university in Africa." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11180.
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African Leadership University (ALU), a network of higher education institutions, opened its second campus in Rwanda in September of 2017. In order to achieve the institutional vision to educate three million young African Leaders before 2050, the University has made efforts to embrace ‘innovative pedagogy,’ designing curricula and training its teaching staff in active learning and student-centered pedagogy. This paper provides an account of the design and inital delivery of a new degree that ALU offers to its students in Rwanda, called “Global Challenges,” a project-based degree that requires students to structure their learning around a project that they self-design that addresses a challenge facing the continent of Africa. The paper is authored by a member of the faculty of the new degree and uses qualitative practitioner-based research to describe the degree and analyse its alignment with the innovative practice of Project-Based Learning (PBL). Analysis of the degree design shows strong adherence to the principles of PBL; however, more research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and broader impact of this new educational program.
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Morreira, Shannon. "Pandemic Pedagogy: Assessing the Online Implementation of a Decolonial Curriculum." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12861.
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The student protests in South Africa (2015–2017) triggered shifts in pedagogical practices, such that by 2020 many South African higher education institutions had begun to make some concrete moves towards more socially just pedagogies within teaching and learning (Quinn, 2019; Jansen, 2019). In March 2020, however, South Africa went into lockdown as a result of Covid-19, and all higher education teaching became remote and non-synchronous. This paper reports on the effects of the move to remote teaching on the implementation of a new decolonial ‘emplaced’ pedagogy at one South African university. The idea of emplacement draws on the careful incorporation of social space as a teaching tool within the social sciences, such that students can situate themselves as reflexive, embodied persons within concrete spaces and communities which carry particular social, economic and political histories. This paper draws on data from course evaluations and student assignments, as well as a description of course design, to argue that many of the benefits of careful emplacement in historical and contemporary context can happen even where students are never in the same physical spaces as one another or their lecturers. This relies, however, on students’ having access to both the necessary technology and to an environment conducive to learning.
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Pailman, Whitney, and Jiska De Groot. "Curriculum transformation to address the Sustainable Development Goals: A holistic approach for embedding gender in higher education." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12977.
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To better prepare a new generation of practitioners and thought leaders to meet the complex challenges highlighted in the sustainable development goals (SDGs), innovation is needed in the design and delivery of degree programmes. Gender inclusion and diversity are increasingly recognised as key tenets of Education for Sustainable Development. Energy access education in Africa provides an excellent context in which to explore ways of delivering gender inclusive Masters programmes and the curriculum transformations needed to address the dual challenges of SDG7 (energy access) and SDG 5 (gender equality). This paper explores the evolving context of gender mainstreaming in energy access education at Institutions of Higher Learning (IHLs) in Africa, drawing on a desktop study and interviews with 8 African Universities in the Transforming Energy Access Learning Partnership (TEA-LP). The paper calls for the adoption of a more holistic approach to mainstreaming gender in energy access education at IHLs, encompassing curriculum content, teaching methods, learning environments and the broader institutional enabling environment.
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Kuriakose, Rangith. "Freshman African engineering student perceptions on academic feedback – A case study from Digital Systems 1." In Third International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head17.2017.4823.
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Providing effective and quality feedback to students in higher education has been identified as an integral part of quality teaching by many researchers in the field of education. However, student perceptions vary drastically as to what they perceive academic feedback to really be. Therefore, this paper aims to present freshman engineering student perceptions of academic feedback from an African perspective. The reason for targeting this group is due to their high dropout rate in higher education in South Africa (around 60%). Quantitative data was collected from freshman engineering students enrolled for a module termed Digital Systems 1 at the Central University of Technology in South Africa. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument featuring 21 close ended questions. The results presented in this paper indicate that almost two-thirds (65%) of the respondents believe that a “grade” written on a test script does not constitute academic feedback. The majority of the respondents (76%) expect some kind of academic feedback regarding their work, either in writing or orally from their lecturer. A good majority (86%) of students perceived that getting written comments on their assessments would encourage them to approach the lecturer to seek further clarification. A key recommendation of this study is to find a mechanism or technique of providing constructive feedback to all enrolled students, even in large classes. This needs to be done from the outset of the module in order to reduce the current high dropout rates among freshman engineering students.
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Luwes, Nicolaas, Lawrence Meda, and James Swart. "Academic and Student Perceptions on the Intergation of HIV and AIDS education in an Electrical Engineering Curriculum at a South African University of Technology." In HEAd'16 - International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head16.2016.2618.
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South Africa has the largest number of people living with HIV and AIDS in the world. A concerted effort is needed to address this epidemic, lest a socio-economic crisis may cripple the country. Education may be the most powerful weapon in this regard, with universities playing a critical role in addressing this concern. In 2015, a funding program was initiated by Universities South Africa to facilitate this integration. Subsequently, the Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering at a South African University of Technology set out to re-design their curricula to include vital aspects relating to HIV and AIDS. A responsive driven curriculum design was adopted whereby the perceptions and expectations of facilitators and students in this department towards HIV and AIDS education were sought. An online open-ended questionnaire was used to gather both qualitative and quantitative results. This paper presents the initial findings of this study. A key recommendation of this study is to develop a digital online module addressing advanced HIV and AIDS education with special focu on its application in the workplace.
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Carpenter, Riley, and Sihaam Shamsoodien. "The relationship between self-efficacy and accounting students' academic performance at a South African university." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12922.
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Racial transformation is crucial for South African higher education institutions, the accounting profession and the country as a whole. Consequently, determinants of students’ academic success must be at the forefront of accounting education research. Understanding these determinants will assist universities to better assist students with their learning. This study focused on self-efficacy in academic performance—a previously limited research area in South African accounting education. The aim was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and academic performance amongst students registered in a second-year undergraduate course for an accounting degree at a South African university. It was found that self-efficacy was moderately positively correlated with academic performance. The findings indicate that it is worthwhile performing further empirical research on self-efficacy, especially while controlling for other significant factors affecting students’ academic performance.
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Coetzee, Isabella. "Student support to enhance student living and learning at a South African University." In HEAd'16 - International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head16.2016.2659.
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Quantitative measures show that the higher education system in South Africa remains inefficient and this reality poses significant challenges to all universities. The Faculty of Humanities at the Tshwane University of Technology has added a Student Support Programme to the existing institutional student support structures. In this article, the author reflects on the experiences of student supporters who were appointe in 2014 and 2015 for the enhancement of students' living and learnining to improve success in the Faculty of Huanities. The findings indicated that this programme has indeed improved the academic performance and personal circumstances of hundreds of students. The under-preparedness of students entering South African higher education institutions was highlighted as a major obstacle in academic performances. The majority of students who are supported by this programme experience intense personal and social challenges that are by and large brought about by and as the result of severe financial needs. The student supprters were adamant in their departing statement that much more had to be done over and beyond the general and existing approach and support structures at the Tshwane University of Technology to support these students.Keywords: Student support; Student living; Student learning; Social challenges
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Aguiar, Joyce, and Cristina Sin. "Students from Portuguese Speaking African Countries in Portuguese Higher Education." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12953.
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Recently, African countries have been making efforts to expand their higher education systems. However, neither capacity nor quality have kept pace with demand, leading to a steady increase in students studying abroad. In this paper, we aim to analyse the development of enrolments in Portugal, one of the main destinations for students from Portuguese-speaking African countries (PALOP). Descriptive analyses were performed, disaggregating enrolments according to degree level, disciplinary area of study, and institution type. The results show that the choices of students from PALOP countries have followed different trajectories, in some cases with similarities. The public sector has the largest presence of these students, and polytechnic institutions have been the most frequent choice. Most of the students were enrolled in first degrees, except for those from Mozambique. Enrolments in Health, Services and "hard" sciences have increased, which may reflect the growing demand for highly qualified labour force in these countries. This paper highlights the continued importance of PALOP students for the internationalisation of Portuguese higher education and the need to avoid considering them as a homogeneous group of students.
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Adonis, Tracey-Ann, and Shaheed Hartley. "Enhancing learning environments through partnerships in an attempt to facilitate school effectiveness." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9132.
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South Africa (SA) is a developing country struggling to address educational transformation inherited from a previous apartheid regime and created by the current democratic government. Education is an area which is struggling within a SA context. Many schools in disadvantaged communities are faced with inadequate infrastructure and lack of resources yet the expectation is for schools to show evidence of effectiveness irrespective of these challenges. This context prompted an investigation into the development of the school learning environment utilising a participatory action research design at a disadvantaged primary school in the Western Cape, SA. The major findings included that the school learning environment was influenced by the unique challenges and pressures in the school context; that collaborative efforts between stakeholders contribute to school effectiveness irrespective of context through acknowledging the school as an organisational system which requires the principal, educators, parents and community to effectively collaborate through open channels of communication in order to facilitate optimal teaching and learning environments which contribute to school effectiveness. The community component in the school learning environment needed to be acknowledged as the validation of the experiences of educators, learners, parents, principal and community is important in the South African context.
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Dowelani, Musimuni, and Faith Dowelani. "Curriculum development in South Africa: the role of professional bodies." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11188.
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The function and main goal of higher education has evolved over time; studies show that there is a shift in focus from pure intellectual exploration to job preparation. Curriculum development literature argues that the collaboration between universities and industries is critical for skills development and provides alignment between skills required in the workplace and skills transferred through higher education. This desk study aimed to synthesis the role of professional bodies as representatives of industry in curriculum development in the South African context. Observations show that a significant number of professional bodies mandate curriculum, by accrediting qualifications offered by universities. Not all programs require professional body accreditation or approval, however approximately 60% of all university programmes in South Africa are subject to the accreditation of professional associations. Without the accreditation from professional bodies, universities would not be able to offer qualifications in certain disciplines such as health and engineering. There is evidence that professional body involvement in curriculum development ascertains a level of quality.
Reports on the topic "African Higher Education"
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Tofaris, Elizabeth, Tristan McCowan, and Rebecca Schendel. Reforming Higher Education Teaching Practices in Africa. REAL Centre, University of Cambridge and The Impact Initiative, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii348.
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McGinnity, Frances, Emma Quinn, Philip J. O'Connell, et al. Monitoring report on integration 2016. Edited by Alan Barrett, Frances McGinnitty, and Emma Quinn. ESRI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/bkmnext330.
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This report examines migrant integration in Ireland in the areas of employment, education, social inclusion and active citizenship, and includes a special theme on migrant skills and competencies.The report presents a range of findings, including that a significant proportion of immigrants in Ireland are now Irish citizens, income poverty is higher among non-Irish groups than Irish, and employment rates are lower among African nationals than any other nationality grouping. The report uses indicators to measure different aspects of immigrant inclusion in Irish society, using the most recently available data.
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Atuhurra, Julius, and Michelle Kaffenberger. System (In)Coherence: Quantifying the Alignment of Primary Education Curriculum Standards, Examinations, and Instruction in Two East African Countries. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/057.
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Improvements in instructional coherence have been shown to have large impacts on student learning, yet analysis of such coherence, especially in developing countries and at a systems level, is rare. We use an established methodology, the Surveys of Enacted Curriculum (SEC), and apply it to a developing country context to systematically analyze and quantify the content and coherence of the primary curriculum standards, national examinations, and actual teaching delivered in the classroom in Uganda and Tanzania. We find high levels of incoherence across all three instructional components. In Uganda, for example, only four of the fourteen topics in the English curriculum standards appear on the primary leaving exam, and two of the highest-priority topics in the standards are completely omitted from the exams. In Tanzania, only three of fourteen English topics are covered on the exam, and all are assessed at the “memorization” level. Rather than aligning with either the curriculum standards or exams, teachers’ classroom instruction is poorly aligned with both. Teachers tend to cover broad swathes of content and levels of cognitive demand, unrelated to the structure of either the curriculum standards or exams. An exception is Uganda mathematics, for which standards, exams, and teacher instruction are all well aligned. By shedding light on alignment deficits in the two countries, these results draw attention to a policy area that has previously attracted little (if any) attention in many developing countries’ education policy reform efforts. In addition to providing empirical results for Uganda and Tanzania, this study provides a proof-of-concept for the use of the SEC methodology as a diagnostic tool in developing countries, helping education systems identify areas of instructional (in)coherence and informing efforts to improve coherence for learning.
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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. The Unmaking of the Black Blue-Collar Middle Class. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp159.
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In the decade after the Civil Rights Act of 1964, African Americans made historic gains in accessing employment opportunities in racially integrated workplaces in U.S. business firms and government agencies. In the previous working papers in this series, we have shown that in the 1960s and 1970s, Blacks without college degrees were gaining access to the American middle class by moving into well-paid unionized jobs in capital-intensive mass production industries. At that time, major U.S. companies paid these blue-collar workers middle-class wages, offered stable employment, and provided employees with health and retirement benefits. Of particular importance to Blacks was the opening up to them of unionized semiskilled operative and skilled craft jobs, for which in a number of industries, and particularly those in the automobile and electronic manufacturing sectors, there was strong demand. In addition, by the end of the 1970s, buoyed by affirmative action and the growth of public-service employment, Blacks were experiencing upward mobility through employment in government agencies at local, state, and federal levels as well as in civil-society organizations, largely funded by government, to operate social and community development programs aimed at urban areas where Blacks lived. By the end of the 1970s, there was an emergent blue-collar Black middle class in the United States. Most of these workers had no more than high-school educations but had sufficient earnings and benefits to provide their families with economic security, including realistic expectations that their children would have the opportunity to move up the economic ladder to join the ranks of the college-educated white-collar middle class. That is what had happened for whites in the post-World War II decades, and given the momentum provided by the dominant position of the United States in global manufacturing and the nation’s equal employment opportunity legislation, there was every reason to believe that Blacks would experience intergenerational upward mobility along a similar education-and-employment career path. That did not happen. Overall, the 1980s and 1990s were decades of economic growth in the United States. For the emerging blue-collar Black middle class, however, the experience was of job loss, economic insecurity, and downward mobility. As the twentieth century ended and the twenty-first century began, moreover, it became apparent that this downward spiral was not confined to Blacks. Whites with only high-school educations also saw their blue-collar employment opportunities disappear, accompanied by lower wages, fewer benefits, and less security for those who continued to find employment in these jobs. The distress experienced by white Americans with the decline of the blue-collar middle class follows the downward trajectory that has adversely affected the socioeconomic positions of the much more vulnerable blue-collar Black middle class from the early 1980s. In this paper, we document when, how, and why the unmaking of the blue-collar Black middle class occurred and intergenerational upward mobility of Blacks to the college-educated middle class was stifled. We focus on blue-collar layoffs and manufacturing-plant closings in an important sector for Black employment, the automobile industry from the early 1980s. We then document the adverse impact on Blacks that has occurred in government-sector employment in a financialized economy in which the dominant ideology is that concentration of income among the richest households promotes productive investment, with government spending only impeding that objective. Reduction of taxes primarily on the wealthy and the corporate sector, the ascendancy of political and economic beliefs that celebrate the efficiency and dynamism of “free market” business enterprise, and the denigration of the idea that government can solve social problems all combined to shrink government budgets, diminish regulatory enforcement, and scuttle initiatives that previously provided greater opportunity for African Americans in the government and civil-society sectors.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.
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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.