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Journal articles on the topic 'African literature; Feminist'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Du Plessis, J. W., and D. H. Steenberg. "Uit die oogpunt van ’n vrou? Perspektief op feministiese literêre kritiek in die kader van die Airikaanse prosa." Literator 12, no. 3 (May 6, 1991): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v12i3.781.

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Feminists feel that in literary criticism not enough consideration is given to feminism as an ideology in the production of texts. According to them, existing literary criticism is strongly man-centred. This is especially true of the practice of South African literary criticism. Although feminism does not have at its disposal a formulated feminist literary criticism, a great deal of research has been done in this direction abroad. This is especially the case in Europe and America. Feminist literary critics apply themselves to the representation of the woman in works by male authors and an analysis of feminine experience in the production of texts by women. This article is an exploration of the Anglo-American and French approaches in feminist literary criticism. An attempt is made to formulate the aims of a possible South African feminist literary criticism in order that not only the general norms, but also the feminist codes in the production of a text, speak towards the final interpretation of a work.

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2

Nwanna, Clifford. "Dialectics of African Feminism A Study of the Women's Group in Awka (the Land of Blacksmiths)." Matatu 40, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-040001019.

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There appears to be a lack of interest from researchers on African art, on feminist related issues. Their researches are devoted to other aspects of African art. This situation has created a gap in both African art and African gender studies. The present essay interrogates the socio-economic and political position of women in Africa from a feminist theoretical viewpoint. Here, the formation and the activities of the women group in Awka was used as a case study, to foreground the fact that feminism is not alien to Africa; rather it has existed in Africa since the ancient times. The women group stands out as true African patriots and protagonists of the African feminist struggle.

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3

Zerai, Assata, Joanna Perez, and Chenyi Wang. "A Proposal for Expanding Endarkened Transnational Feminist Praxis." Qualitative Inquiry 23, no. 2 (August 20, 2016): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800416660577.

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Western researchers often do not incorporate the voices of African women in their research endeavors; and a serious engagement in women’s health activism in Zimbabwe cannot happen without this preliminary step. Endarkened feminist epistemologies have theorized a social science that refuses to sidestep African women’s perspectives. As a corrective to conceptual quarantining of Black (African and African diasporic) feminist thought, the exciting body of literature in the field broadly characterized as Africana feminism has helped to legitimate the languages, discourses, challenges, unique perspectives, divergent experiences, and intersecting oppressions and privileges of African women’s and girls’ lives. In this article, we develop an emerging Africana feminist methodology to propose building a scholarship and activism database as well as guide an exploratory discussion of health activism in Zimbabwe.

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4

Naidoo, Salachi. "Re-thinking the feminist agenda in selected female authored Zimbabwean literature." DANDE Journal of Social Sciences and Communication 2, no. 2 (2018): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/dande.v2i2.51.

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This article investigates the feminist agenda in female authored Zimbabwean literature, with emphasis on the novel. It focuses largely on Virginia Phiri's Destiny and Highway Queen as well as Violet Masilo's The African Tea Cosy. The paper argues that Zimbabwean female authorship is flavoured with precepts of African feminism(s) in its representations of African women's agency in gender adversities. Framed within African feminism, women's agency derives from and gives meaning to an inescapable African-ness that needs to be accepted in the fight for emancipation. In light of this, the study analyses Zimbabwean women writers’ literary contributions to discourses on gender based violence and it explores how female characters have embraced the concept of agency to recreate their identities and to introduce a new gender ethos in the context of lives that are often shaped by severe restrictions and oppression. Although largely women focused, the African feminist text is concerned about the survival of both men and women.

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5

Thielmann, Pia. "The Dynamics of African Feminism: Defining and Classifying African Feminist Literatures (review)." Research in African Literatures 36, no. 2 (2005): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ral.2005.0135.

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6

Gordon, Natasha M. "“Tonguing the Body”: Placing Female Circumcision within African Feminist Discourse." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 25, no. 2 (1997): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700502662.

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This paper focuses primarily on current debates regarding the place of female circumcision in Third World and western feminist discourse. In examining these debates, I will also draw from its fictional and autobiographical depictions as presented and discussed in contemporary African literature. While female circumcision (FC) is not practiced solely in Africa, I will be limiting my analysis to the effects of the practice within the continent. The paper is divided into three sections. Part one places the discussion on FC within current feminist discourse. Part two provides a historical and cultural background on the practice. The final section wades into the debate on FC and African Feminism.Chandra Mohanty, in her article “Under Western Eyes,” presents a rather intriguing “Third World Woman’s” argument, reflecting as well something of the debate on African feminism.

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7

Caraivan, Luiza. "Constructing Womanhood in Zimbabwean Literature: Noviolet Bulawayo and Petina Gappah." Gender Studies 18, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/genst-2020-0005.

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Abstract Literature written in English in the former British colonies of Southern Africa has attracted the public’s attention after the publication of Michael Chapman’s “Southern African Literaturesˮ (1996). The paper analyses the writings of two Zimbabwean authors - NoViolet Bulawayo (Elizabeth Zandile Tshele) and Petina Gappah – taking into account African feminist discourses.

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8

Makaudze, Godwin. "African Leadership in Children's Literature: Illustrations from the Shona Ngano (Folktale) Genre." International Research in Children's Literature 13, no. 2 (December 2020): 321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2020.0361.

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Feminist scholarship sees African society as traditionally patriarchal, while the colonists saw traditional African leadership as lacking in values such as democracy, tolerance, and accountability, until these were imposed by Europeans. Using Afrocentricity as a theoretical basis, this article examines African leadership as portrayed in the Shona ngano [folktale] genre and concludes that, in fact, leadership was neither age- nor gender-specific and was democratic, tolerant, and accountable. It recommends further research into African oral traditions as a way of arriving at more positive images of traditional Africa and her diverse heritage.

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9

Thielmann, Pia. "BOOK REVIEW:Susan Arndt. THE DYNAMICS OF AFRICAN FEMINISM: DEFINING AND CLASSIFYING AFRICAN FEMINIST LITERATURES. Trenton, NJ: Africa World P, 2002." Research in African Literatures 36, no. 2 (June 2005): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/ral.2005.36.2.156.

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10

Decker, Alicia C. "What Does a Feminist Curiosity Bring to African Military History?" Journal of African Military History 1, no. 1-2 (September 6, 2017): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24680966-00101006.

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This essay uses feminist scholarship to engender African military history. It begins by examining the ways in which gender has—or has not—been integrated into African military history over the last ten years. Next, it analyzes some of the most influential feminist scholarship on gender and militarism in Africa today. Although most of this literature has not been produced by historians, it has much to teach us about how gender can be critically interrogated within our own work. The penultimate section considers the importance of cultivating a feminist curiosity and discusses what this type of critical thinking can bring to African military history. And finally, the conclusion reflects upon the future of the field, describing what needs to be done and how we might get there.

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11

Haastrup, Toni. "Gendering South Africa's Foreign Policy: Toward a Feminist Approach?" Foreign Policy Analysis 16, no. 2 (March 6, 2020): 199–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orz030.

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Abstract South Africa's leadership has sought ethical foreign policy since the advent of democracy. This foreign policy outlook focuses on the African continent and includes certain articulations of pro-gender justice norms. In this article, I reflect on the extent to which South Africa's foreign policy embraces these norms as part of its foreign apparatus and practices. It takes at its starting point the nascent literature on feminist foreign policy applied to South Africa, which shares similarities to countries in the Global North that claim a feminist orientation to foreign policy. Moreover, it takes account of gender dynamics at the domestic level and how they are manifested in foreign policy discourses and practices, particularly in the understanding and implementation of the Women, Peace, and Security agenda. Utilizing qualitative content analysis, this article provides context and meaning for how gender concerns have evolved in South Africa's foreign policy, including the role of certain norm entrepreneurs in shaping the gender narrative. The article concludes that the domestic context is important to shaping and limiting how a country can enact feminist foreign policy. Importantly, the South African case provides a Global South dimension to the nascent scholarship.

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12

Ashenafi Aboye. "Patriarchy in Buchi Emecheta’s The Slave Girl and Bessie Head’s A Question of Power: A Gynocentric Approach." Ethiopian Journal of the Social Sciences and Humanities 16, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejossah.v16i2.1.

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African literature has been dominated by male African writers. However, there are a number of female African writers who contributed to the literary landscape of the continent significantly. In line with this, researches that deal with issues of gender in African literature are increasing (Fonchingong, 2006; Salami-Boukari, 2012; Stratton, 1994). In this study, I aim to expose patriarchal oppression in two selected post-colonial African novels. I ask “How do postcolonial African female writers expose gender oppression and patriarchy in their novels?” I ask how the female characters in the selected novels resist patriarchal dominance and oppression. I seek to uncover any thematic patterns and/or overlaps that would emerge across the selected novels. To achieve this, I analyze two feminist Anglophone African novels by female writers of the continent, namely ‘The Slave Girl’ and ‘A Question of Power’. Gynocentrism is used as an approach to achieve this purpose. The analyses of the novels make it feel that patriarchy is used as a tool to stabilize the discrimination of the feminine gender. The heroines in both novels are found to be patriarchal women with some attempt to reverse the gender order. The major female characters in the novels stand against the intersectional discrimination of the feminine from the male personhood, religion, as well as colonial culture. These discussions about patriarchy revive the vitality of African feminist novels to the present readers.

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13

Makombe, Rodwell. "Images of woman and the search for happiness in Cynthia Jele's Happiness is a four letter word." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 55, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.55i1.1552.

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Over the years, African ‘feminist’ scholars have expressed reservations about embracing feminism as an analytical framework for theorizing issues that affect African women. This is particularly because in many African societies, feminism has been perceived as a negative influence that seeks to tear the cultural fabric and value systems of African communities. Some scholars such as Clenora Hudson-Weems, Chikenje Ogunyemi, Tiamoyo Karenga and Chimbuko Tembo contend that feminism as developed by Western scholars is incapable of addressing context-specific concerns of African women. As a result, they developed womanism as an alternative framework for analysing the realities of women in African cultures. Womanism is premised on the view that African women need an Afrocentric theory that can adequately deal with their specific struggles. Drawing from ideas that have been developed by womanist scholars, this article critically interrogates the portrayal of women in Cynthia Jele’s Happiness is a four-letter word (2010), with particular focus on the choices that they make in love relationships, marriage and motherhood. My argument is that Jele’s text affirms the womanist view that African women exist within a specific cultural context that shapes their needs, aspirations and choices in a different way.

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14

Makama, Refiloe, Rebecca Helman, Neziswa Titi, and Sarah Day. "The danger of a single feminist narrative: African-centred decolonial feminism for Black men." Agenda 33, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2019.1667736.

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15

Woodhull, Winifred. "Rereading "Nedjma": Feminist Scholarship and North African Women." SubStance 21, no. 3 (1992): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3685114.

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16

Artz, Lillian. "‘Porn Norms’: A South African feminist conversation about pornography." Agenda 26, no. 3 (September 2012): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2012.716649.

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17

Andrews, William L., and Hazel V. Carby. "Pioneers of the African-American Feminist Tradition." Callaloo, no. 39 (1989): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2931584.

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18

van der Westhuizen, Christi. "(Un)sung Heroines." Matatu 50, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 258–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05002004.

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Abstract In the South African War (1899–1902), Boer women emerged as more heroic than their men folk. When Boer leaders succumbed to a truce, much discursive work ensued to domesticate Boer women anew in the face of their recalcitrance in accepting a peace deal with the British. But attempts to re-feminise Boer women and elevate Boer men to their ‘rightful’ position as patriarchs faltered in the topsy-turvy after the war. The figure of the volksmoeder, or mother of the nation, provided a nodal category that combined feminine care for the family and the volk, or fledgling Afrikaner nation, but the heroic narrative was increasingly displaced by the symbol of self-sacrificial, silent and passive motherhood, thereby obscuring women’s political activism. Today, a re-remembering of volksmoeder heroism, combined with feminist politics based on the democratic-era Constitution, opens up possibilities of Afrikaners breaking out of their white exclusivism to join the nascent democratic South African nation.

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19

Arndt, Susan. "Boundless Whiteness? Feminism and White Women in the Mirror of African Feminist Writing." Matatu 29-30, no. 1 (June 1, 2005): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-029030011.

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20

Marais, R. "Vrouwees: perspektiewe in die meer onlangse Afrikaanse poësie en prosa." Literator 9, no. 3 (May 7, 1988): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v9i3.853.

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This article investigates the views on woman and womanhood that are expressed in the poetry and prose of several contemporary women writers in Afrikaans. The study is conducted against the background of certain tendencies in feminist movements in Europe, Britain and the United States of America as well as views pronounced in the writings (both literary and feminist) of a number of feminist writers in Europe, Britain and the USA. For the purposes of this investigation a short exposition is given of what feminism entails, as well as of a number of the different views and approaches which it accommodates. Subsequently different views on womanhood as expressed in the creative writings of a number of women writers who have written extensively on this topic are discussed at the hand of their poetry and prose. Specific attention is paid to the South African woman’s views on men, marriage, her own sexuality and motherhood as revealed in the writings of these women.

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21

Drwal, Malgorzata. "Discourses of transnational feminism in Marie du Toit’s Vrou en feminist (1921)." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 57, no. 2 (July 22, 2020): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/tl.v57i2.7765.

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In this article I investigate transtextuality in Vrou en feminist (Woman and Feminist, 1921) by Marie du Toit in order to demonstrate how she grafted first-wave transnational feminism onto the Afrikaans context. Du Toit’s book is approached as a space of contact between progressive European and North American thought and a South African, particularly Afrikaner, mindset. Du Toit relied on a multiplicity of late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries discourses to support her argument that Afrikaner women become part of the feminist movement. Due to the numerous quotations from scientific papers and literary fiction, mostly English but also Dutch, her book can be described as a heteroglot text. Utilizing the histoire croisée approach, I discuss Du Toit’s text on the macro and micro scale: I locate it in a historical perspective as a literary document and focus on the ways in which diverse voices intersect and converse with one another. I argue that the book was an unsuccessful attempt at inviting the Afrikaans reader into a transnational imagined community of suffragettes because of prejudice against the English language and culture. English sources, which Du Toit extensively quoted, deterred potential Afrikaans supporters, and consequently prevented transfer of feminist thought. Even though she also supported her views with some texts in Dutch in wanting to appeal to her reader’s associations with a more familiar Dutch culture, this tactic was insufficient to tip the balance.

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22

Awuzie, Solomon. "GOOD WIVES AND BAD WIVES: IBEZUTEâ€™S VICTIMS OF BETRAYAL, THE TEMPORAL GODS AND DANCE OF HORROR." Imbizo 6, no. 2 (June 21, 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2078-9785/2799.

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This article is a â€˜masculinistâ€™ reading of Chukwuma Ibezuteâ€™s Victims of Betrayal, The Temporal Gods and Dance of Horror.The article contends that African literature has always focused on Africaâ€™s socio-political situation until a group of â€œactivists in feminist movementâ€ started agitating for a proper representation of women in literature. Unlike in Europe and America where the ideology is not challenged, in Africa it was challenged by a group of scholars who called themselves â€˜masculinistsâ€™. Using Ibezuteâ€™s three novels, the â€˜masculinistâ€™ ideology is demonstrated. While in Ibezuteâ€™s Victims of Betrayal it is revealed that men are play-things in the hands of their bad wives, in The Temporal Gods it is depicted that bad wives can go extra miles to impose their decisions on their husbands. In Dance of Horror, it is shown that the kind of woman that is married into a family determines the fate of that family. The article concludes that the implications of these situations as represented in the novels are that while the roles of some husbands in African homes are becoming more and more passive, the fate of some African homes and families are in the hands of wives.

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23

Ng'umbi, Yunusy Castory. "Re-imagining family and gender roles in Aminatta Forna's Ancestor Stones." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 54, no. 2 (September 4, 2017): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.54i2.2772.

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This paper examines the interplay between polygyny and gender by exploring the way in which family structure and gender roles are negotiated, imagined and exercised in fiction. Aminatta Forna's Ancestor stones (2006) is read in order to explore how the institution of polygyny changes over time and how it influences gender role negotiation. Using an African feminist approach, the paper juxtaposes the historical and contemporary institution of polygyny in relation to gender role negotiation and how contemporary writers build on their literary precursors in re-writing the history of polygyny and gender according to the socio-cultural needs of twenty-first century Africans. These changes in socio-cultural, economic and political spheres in Africa have played a pivotal role in altering family structure and arrangements. I therefore argue that the changes in familial structure and arrangement necessitate gender role negotiation.

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24

Ogunyemi, Christopher Babatunde. "FEMINIST AND STRUCTURAL NARRATOLOGIE AS IDENTITY (RE)-CONFIGURATIONS IN AFRICAN NARRATIVES: A META-CRITICAL EXPOSITION OF LITERARY ARTICLES." English Review: Journal of English Education 6, no. 1 (December 23, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v6i1.767.

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Research in African literature articulated a number of literary and philosophical theories, particularly in the way that they can potentially undo conventional understandings of gender in the Nigerian context. This paper seeks to apply these insights in the form of a critical narratology.� Although narratology has a structuralist or formalist orientation, having its theoretical beginning in Saussure�s modern linguistics, and like structuralism, aspires to �scientific� or �universalist� claims, it, also, examines the way in which narratives affect the way we perceive the world. This paper will attempt to mobilise narratology critically, with the benefit of the insights emerging from various articles, in order to help our understanding of the question of gender and social themes in Nigerian post-colonial literature. Most especially, this paper will visualise the analysis of structural narratology and finally with feminist narratology in order to correct the inadequacies of structural narratology and the suppression of women in texts.Keywords: African literature, feminist narratology, gender identity, structural narratology

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25

Cox, Lara. "Decolonial Queer Feminism in Donna Haraway's ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ (1985)." Paragraph 41, no. 3 (November 2018): 317–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2018.0274.

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This article explores the queer qualities of feminist scientist Donna Haraway's ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ (1985). In the first part, the article investigates the similarities between ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ and the ideas circulating in queer theory, including the hybridity of identity, and the disruption of totalizing social categories such as ‘Gay man’ and ‘Woman’. In the second part, it is argued that ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ evinced a decolonial feminist form of queerness. The article references the African-American, Chicana and Asian-American feminist sociology, theory, literature and history that ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ takes up. The article does not wish to position Haraway's white-authored text as an authoritative voice on decolonial feminist queerness, instead arguing for the role of ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ as a bibliographical work that readers may reference in their exploration of decolonial feminist beginnings of queer theory.

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26

Shange, Nombulelo. "Mappings of feminist/womanist resistance within student movements across the African continent." Agenda 31, no. 3-4 (October 2, 2017): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2017.1392155.

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27

Twijnstra, Philisiwe. "Engaging Athol Fugard's Nongogo (1959) – Feminist reflections from a South African director." Agenda 34, no. 3 (June 22, 2020): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2020.1773288.

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28

HARROW, KENNETH W. "Women with Open Eyes, Women of Stone and Hammers: Western Feminism and African Feminist Filmmaking Practice." Matatu 19, no. 1 (April 26, 1997): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-90000261.

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29

KOUSSOUHON, Léonard, and Fortuné AGBACHI. "Ambivalent Gender Identities in Contemporary African Literature: A Butlerian Perspective." Journal for the Study of English Linguistics 4, no. 1 (June 6, 2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsel.v4i1.9558.

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<p>This paper is an attempt to examine the way male and female participants perform gender in 03 novels, <em>Everything Good Will Come</em> (2006), <em>Swallow</em> (2010) and <em>A Bit of Difference</em> (2013), by a contemporary Nigerian writer called Sefi Atta. The study draws on Gender Performative Theory as developed by the feminist Butler (1990/1999). This theory considers gender identities as being socially constructed. The study highlights the multiple ways in which male and female participants perform gender according to established social norms in the selected novels. Regarding the existing social norms in Nigeria, the findings by scholars like Fakeye, George and Owoyemi (2012), Mejiuni and Awolowo (2006), Bourey et al (2012), Gbadebo, Kehinde and Adedeji (2012), Okunola and Ojo (2012) exude that men are traditionally portrayed as career people, assertive, powerful and active, independent and violent while women are stereotypically depicted as housewives, submissive, powerless and passive, dependent and non-violent (or victims). Based on the above dichotomies between men and women, the study unveils the ideology that underpins gender performances in the novels.</p>

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30

Chadwick, Rachelle. "Ambiguous subjects: Obstetric violence, assemblage and South African birth narratives." Feminism & Psychology 27, no. 4 (February 28, 2017): 489–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353517692607.

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Obstetric violence is gaining recognition as a worldwide problem manifesting in a range of geopolitical contexts. While global public health attention is turning to this issue, there has been a lack of theoretical engagement by feminist psychologists with the phenomenon of obstetric violence. This paper contributes to the literature on obstetric violence via a feminist social constructionist analysis of “marginalized” and low-income South African women’s narratives of giving birth in public sector obstetric contexts. Drawing on interviews conducted in 2012 with 35 black, low-income women living in Cape Town, South Africa, the analysis focuses on obstetric violence as a relational, disciplinary, and productive process that has implications for the construction of women’s subjectivities and agency during childbirth. The findings focus on relational constructions of violence and agency in women’s narratives, including (a) the performance of docility as an act of ambiguous agency and (2) resistant bodies and modes of discipline. Framed within a Foucauldian approach to power and using the concept of assemblage, I argue that obstetric violence needs to be conceptualized as more than isolated acts involving individual perpetrators and victims. Instead, the analysis shows that obstetric violence functions as a mode of discipline embedded in normative relations of class, gender, race, and medical power.

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31

Bowker, V. "The evolution of critical responses to Fugard’s work, culminating in a feminist reading of The Road to Mecca." Literator 11, no. 2 (May 6, 1990): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v11i2.797.

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An ongoing debate in South Africa today concerns the response of white writers, such as Athol Fugard, to the African/South African socio-historical context. As a major focus of this debate there is a relationship between history and literature, and selected critical responses to Fugard’s work of the past three decades are investigated in terms of their position regarding this relationship. All these responses, regardless of their political and/or Hterary affiliations were found to imply that some kind of truth, their truth can be represented in a fictional text. In response to this implied truth claim and in particular to certain critics’ demand for a “concrete” history, the founding insight of poststructuralism about the inability of language to reflect an already existing reality is used to justify the following approach to Fugard’s The Road to Mecca: history is merely one discourse among many without any privileged claim to primacy; Fugard’s texts, read as history, is therefore approached in the context of South African discourses competing in the game of power relations, thus justifying the feminist reading resulting from an analysis of the competing discourses in the text.

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32

Hoza, M. C. "Looking back moving forward: An appraisal of a black African feminist." South African Journal of African Languages 30, no. 2 (January 2010): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2010.10587342.

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33

Mafe, Diana Adesola. "Phoenix Rising: The Book of Phoenix and Black Feminist Resistance." MELUS 46, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlab021.

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Abstract This essay focuses on Nnedi Okorafor’s 2015 novel The Book of Phoenix and reads the black female protagonist and narrator, Phoenix Okore, as a powerful metaphor for a radical twenty-first-century black feminist politics and a signifier of the contemporary social movement Say Her Name. Phoenix is the product of experimentation, “a slurry of African DNA and cells” (146) who is birthed by an African American surrogate mother and then raised in a laboratory prison. She herself identifies as “SpeciMen, Beacon, Slave, Rogue, Fugitive, Rebel, Saeed’s Love, Mmuo’s Sister, Villain” (224). Okorafor thus imagines a multilayered metaphor that speaks to the complexities of black female identities in the new millennium. True to her name, Phoenix is repeatedly reborn from her own ashes after dying at the hands of a white supremacist organization called the Big Eye. Hers is, by turns, neo-slave narrative, cautionary tale, and social critique. As a revolutionary black woman who is never meant to be a simplistic paragon, Phoenix ultimately uses her superhuman abilities and her rage to change the world, albeit in a cataclysmic way. Although the novel predates our current historical moment—namely, international protests, calls for police reform in the wake of George Floyd’s murder, and the dismantling of racist iconography—it serves as an uncanny reflection, if not a harbinger, of this moment. Furthermore, it models the ways in which fiction channels our most desperate desires, especially the need for justice.

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Warner, Tobias. "How Mariama Bâ Became World Literature: Translation and the Legibility of Feminist Critique." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 5 (October 2016): 1239–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.5.1239.

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How did Mariama Bâ‘s 1979 novel Une si longue lettre (So Long a Letter) become one of the most widely read, taught, and translated African texts of the twentieth century? This essay traces how the Senegalese author's work became recognizable to a global audience as an attack on polygamy and a celebration of literary culture. I explore the flaws in these two conceptions of the novel, and I recover aspects of the text that were obscured along the way—especially the novel's critique of efforts to reform the legal framework of marriage in Senegal. I also compare striking shifts that occur in two key translations: the English edition that helped catalyze Bâ‘s success and a more recent translation into Wolof, the most widely spoken language in Senegal. By reading Letter back through these translations, I reposition it as a text that highlights its distance from an audience and transforms this distance into an animating contradiction.

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Elia, Nada. "?To Be an African Working Woman?: Levels of Feminist Consciousness in Ama Ata Aidoo'sChanges." Research in African Literatures 30, no. 2 (June 1999): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/ral.1999.30.2.136.

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Salih, Suadah Jasim, and Lajiman Janoory. "The Voice of the Black Female Other: A Post-Colonial Feminist Perspective in J. M. Coetzee’s Age of Iron." Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 5, no. 10 (October 2, 2020): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v5i10.524.

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As a beacon in a storm, John Maxwell Coetzee has established himself through his intellectual contribution to the post-colonial feminism literature in general and South African slavery epoch in particular. Accordingly, this study has been devoted to critically reflect how Coetzee confined his pen to support the oppressed black South Africans against injustice, oppression and deprivation. Moreover, the paper reveals the South African inextricable components and haw the writer has deeply perceived both apartheid and post-apartheid history by his naked eyes. Coetzee’s Age of Iron reveals his unique ability to aptly penetrate his readers based on contradiction where pessimism is shifted to optimism and, therefore, the readers’ mindset is directly shifted from atrocity to love. The study then delves deeply to show how Coetzee provides a solution to bring two parted races, black and white South Africans, together through the role of women characters in his fiction based on both gender and racial schism. Specifically, this study critically scrutinizes Coetzee’s Age of Iron. The study applies the post-colonial feminism theory using discursive strategy based on sociological and anthropological analyses to reveal how colonization destroyed South Africans’ cultures resulting in a crisis of human segregation which is depicted through white women characters in the novel. By drawing the post-colonial black women’s treatment by the colonisers and the forms of resisting their hegemony, the findings of this study are expected to significantly contribute to the researchers whose concern is on black women in Coetzee’s fiction.

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Reddy, Vanita. "Femme Migritude." Minnesota review 2020, no. 94 (May 1, 2020): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00265667-8128421.

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This article examines the queer feminist Afro-Asian poetics and politics of spoken word and performance artist Shailja Patel’s 2006 onewoman show and 2010 prose poem, both titled Migritude. Patel’s migritude poetics resonates with and departs from much contemporary migritude writing, particularly with respect to the genre’s focus on a global-North-based, black Atlantic African diaspora. The article draws attention to a “brown Atlantic,” in which Africa is the site both of diaspora and of homeland. More important, it shows that Patel’s queer femininity unsettles a diasporic logic of racial exceptionalism. This logic aids and abets a (black) native/(South Asian) migrant divide in colonial and postcolonial Kenya. Patel’s femme migritude, as I call it, draws on nonequivalent histories of black and Asian racialized dispossession to construct a mode of global-South, cross-racial political relationality.

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Amaefula, Rowland Chukwuemeka. "African Feminisms: Paradigms, Problems and Prospects." Feminismo/s, no. 37 (January 21, 2021): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/fem.2021.37.12.

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African feminisms comprise the differing brands of equalist theories and efforts geared towards enhancing the condition of woman. However, the meaning and application of the word ‘feminism’ poses several problems for African women writers and critics many of whom distance themselves from the movement. Their indifference stems from the anti-men/anti-religion status accorded feminism in recent times. Thus, several women writers have sought to re-theorize feminism in a manner that fittingly captures their socio-cultural beliefs, leading to multiple feminisms in African literature. This study critically analyzes the mainstream theories of feminisms in Africa with a view to unravelling the contradictions inherent in the ongoing efforts at conceptualizing African feminisms. The paper further argues for workable ways of practicing African feminisms to serve practical benefits for African man and woman, and to also function as an appropriate tool for assessing works by literary writers in Nigeria in particular and Africa in general.

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Struckmann, Christiane. "A postcolonial feminist critique of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: A South African application." Agenda 32, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2018.1433362.

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Mtshali, Mbongeni N. "Hottentot Venus Redux: Nelisiwe Xaba’s Critical Moves of Resistance." TDR/The Drama Review 64, no. 2 (June 2020): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00915.

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In her transdisciplinary work, The Venus (2009), Nelisiwe Xaba reimagines Sara Baartman, the so-called Hottentot Venus, as a cosmopolitical black feminist African figure. Her work disrupts the meanings attached to the colonial spectacle of hypervisible black flesh, as well as the logics that keep these meanings intact in the postcolonial world now.

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Sidiki, Dr COULIBALY Aboubacar, and Dr MAIGA Abida Aboubacrine. "Racial and Gender Implications in African Female Literature: an Afrocentric Feminist Reading of Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 3, no. 6 (2018): 966–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.3.6.7.

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van der Merwe, Leana. "Writing Desire and History: Collecting as Postcolonial Feminist Methodology in South African Art." International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-, Inter- and Transdisciplinarity 14, no. 2 (July 3, 2019): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18186874.2019.1690398.

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Power-Carter, Stephanie. "RE-THEORIZING SILENCE(S)." Trabalhos em Linguística Aplicada 59, no. 1 (April 2020): 99–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/010318136742415912020.

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ABSTRACT This paper describes a telling case account that occurred during an ethnographic study in the United States in a secondary school senior British Literature class with only two African American young women, Pam and Natonya. The telling case complicated silence and also made visible other reflexive processes that provided opportunities to unpack and theorize silence, which led to the articulation of the silence trilogy. Further, it also made visible how the African American woman scholar’s own lived experiences informed her attempt to make sense of how Pam and Natonya navigated the silence(s). This paper will primarily foreground the works of Scholars of Color and use Black feminist and sociolinguistic theory to explore the following question: How did two African-American females in a predominately white educational space negotiate the silence(s) (e.g., silence, silencing, and silenced)? How did the African American woman researchers of color make sense of their negotiation?

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Mitchell, Claudia, and Kathleen Pithouse-Morgan. "Expanding the memory catalogue: Southern African women's contributions to memory-work writing as a feminist research methodology." Agenda 28, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2014.883704.

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Elia, Nada. ""To Be an African Working Woman": Levels of Feminist Consciousness in Ama Ata Aidoo's Changes." Research in African Literatures 30, no. 2 (1999): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ral.2005.0065.

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Nkealah, Naomi. "Reconciling Arabo-Islamic culture and feminist consciousness in North African women’s writing: Silence and voice in the short stories of Alifa Rifaat and Assia Djebar." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 45, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.45i1.4459.

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This article sets out to explore the theme of silence and voice in selected short stories by two North African women writers, Alifa Rifaat and Assia Djebar. In their representations of women’s lives in Egypt and Algeria, respectively, both Rifaat and Djebar present different strategies employed by women to counter gender oppression. Although the female characters portrayed by both writers encounter diverse, and sometimes opposing, circumstances, they tend to share a common plight – the need to break free from the constricting fetters of patriarchy. A comparative reading of selected stories reveals that Rifaat’s characters resort to silence as a means of self-preservation, while Djebar’s characters, on the other hand, use techniques ranging from writing to outright protest to show their rejection of gender-based segregation. In spite of this difference in approach, it can be said that both Rifaat and Djebar have made a great contribution to feminist literary creativity in North Africa.

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Sévry, Jean. "HARROW Kenneth W., Less Than One and Double. A Feminist Reading of African Women's Writing, Portsmouth NH, Studies in African Literature, 2002, 350 p." Études littéraires africaines, no. 13 (2002): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1041804ar.

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Tijani-Adenle, Ganiyat. "She’s homely, beautiful and then, hardworking!" Gender in Management: An International Journal 31, no. 5/6 (July 4, 2016): 396–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-06-2015-0053.

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Purpose There are assumptions in gender-related media research that increased female status would be accompanied by more and better representation of women. There are also expectations that an increase in the number of women working in the news media will increase the positive representation of women. The aim of this paper is to critique the representation of women leaders and managers in the Nigerian press to assess the extent to which these factors have influenced the representation of women in the West African country. Design/methodology/approach Using two methods, qualitative content analysis and interview, this chapter critiques the representation of women leaders and managers in Nigerian Guardian Life and Vanguard Allure (over a period of six months – the last half of 2014) to determine the way women in leadership and management are constructed by checking for frames on stereotypes, gender roles and trivialisation themes. The editors of the two publications are then interviewed to consider the philosophies behind the coverage patterns and assess their knowledge and awareness of the implications of the coverage patterns on the status of women in the sub-Saharan African country. Findings It was discovered that the Nigerian press are focusing on re-enforcing traditional gender roles and norms rather than challenging them, and women in leadership and management in the country do not apply sufficient agency in challenging the status quo. Research limitations/implications Even though information derived from this study cannot be said to represent the realities in all of Africa, it surely provides a good context within which issues about media representation of women in leadership and management in Africa can be better understood to assess how the cultures on the continent’s various countries affect the realities of the lives of women. Originality/value The bulk of feminist research is situated in the North. Not much feminist research is being done in the South, and there appears to be an inadequate engagement with the available few in the literature. This chapter bridges the gap by presenting much needed information about gender, media and organisation in Nigeria; a highly populous multi-ethnic and multi-cultural sub-Saharan African country. Even though information derived from this study cannot be said to represent the realities in all of Africa, it will surely provide a good context within which issues about media, gender and organisation in Africa can be better appreciated.

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Nelms,, Tommie P., and Celestia Bazen,. "Early Experiences of Being Cared-For and Capacity for Care: Some Black Nurses’ Stories." International Journal of Human Caring 6, no. 3 (April 2002): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20467/1091-5710.6.3.30.

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The origin(s) of caring capacity is poorly understood socioculturally and in nursing. While nursing literature assumes caring capacity is culturally derived and results from having been cared for, feminist literature proposes that female caring capacity comes from curbing girls’ interests and instilling guilt and deep concern about others. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the meaning of early experiences of being cared for in the lives of black nurses. Five African-American and two Jamaican-born nurses were interviewed. Findings reveal influences of gender, race, and class and suggest that being cared for, along with having to care for others and/or witnessing the care of others, contributed to caring capacity.

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van Niekerk, Annemarié. "Feminist aesthetics: Aspects of race, class and gender in the constitution of South African short fiction by women." Journal of Literary Studies 9, no. 1 (April 1993): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564719308530029.

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