Relevant bibliographies by topics / African Shelf

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Academic literature on the topic 'African Shelf'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "African Shelf"

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STEPHAN, TOBIAS, UWE KRONER, and ROLF L. ROMER. "The pre-orogenic detrital zircon record of the Peri-Gondwanan crust." Geological Magazine 156, no. 2 (February 8, 2018): 281–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756818000031.

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AbstractWe present a statistical approach to data mining and quantitatively evaluating detrital age spectra for sedimentary provenance analyses and palaeogeographic reconstructions. Multidimensional scaling coupled with density-based clustering allows the objective identification of provenance end-member populations and sedimentary mixing processes for a composite crust. We compiled 58 601 detrital zircon U–Pb ages from 770 Precambrian to Lower Palaeozoic shelf sedimentary rocks from 160 publications and applied statistical provenance analysis for the Peri-Gondwanan crust north of Africa and the adjacent areas. We have filtered the dataset to reduce the age spectra to the provenance signal, and compared the signal with age patterns of potential source regions. In terms of provenance, our results reveal three distinct areas, namely the Avalonian, West African and East African–Arabian zircon provinces. Except for the Rheic Ocean separating the Avalonian Zircon Province from Gondwana, the statistical analysis provides no evidence for the existence of additional oceanic lithosphere. This implies a vast and contiguous Peri-Gondwanan shelf south of the Rheic Ocean that is supplied by two contrasting super-fan systems, reflected in the zircon provinces of West Africa and East Africa–Arabia.
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Penter, M. G., I. Bertling, and A. D. Sippel. "Factors affecting shelf life of South African macadamias." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1109 (February 2016): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2016.1109.2.

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Micallef, Aaron, Aggeliki Georgiopoulou, Andrew Green, and Vittorio Maselli. "Impact of sea-level fluctuations on the sedimentation patterns of the SE African margin: implications for slope instability." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 500, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp500-2019-172.

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AbstractThe sheared-passive margin offshore Durban (South Africa) is characterized by a narrow continental shelf and steep slope hosting numerous submarine canyons. Supply of sediment to the margin is predominantly terrigenous, dominated by discharge from several short but fast-flowing rivers. International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 361 provides a unique opportunity to investigate the role of sea-level fluctuations on the sedimentation patterns and slope instability along the South African margin. We analysed >300 sediment samples and downcore variations in P-wave, magnetic susceptibility, bioturbation intensity and bulk density from site U1474, as well as regional seismic reflection profiles to: (1) document an increase in sand input since the Mid-Pliocene; (2) associate this change to a drop in sea-level and extension of subaerial drainage systems towards the shelf-edge; (3) demonstrate that slope instability has played a key role in the evolution of the South Africa margin facing the Natal Valley. Furthermore, we highlight how the widespread occurrence of failure events reflects the tectonic control on the morphology of the shelf and slope, as well as bottom-current scour and instability of fan complexes. This information is important to improve hazard assessment in a populated coastal region with growing offshore hydrocarbon activities.
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Habashi, Bareh Bahgat, Andrzej Kompowski, and Jan Wojciechowski. "Food and feeding of chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1782 in the north-west African shelf." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 17, no. 1 (June 30, 1987): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3750/aip1987.17.1.06.

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D'Avignon, Robyn. "Shelf Projects: The Political Life of Exploration Geology in Senegal." Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 4 (March 1, 2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17351/ests2018.210.

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Since the early 2000s, southeastern Senegal has emerged as a premier gold exploration and mining frontier. At present, the Sabodala gold mine, owned by the Canadian company Teranga Gold, is the only operational gold mine and mill in Senegal. But two more open-pit gold operations are scheduled to open this year, and several other companies have announced discoveries of industrial-scale deposits. By documenting the shifting ownership and exploration of the Sabodala deposit, this article draws attention to how the protracted phase of mineral research shapes the political life of mining operations in Africa and elsewhere in the global South. Geological exploration in colonial and post-colonial Senegal, as in much of Africa, has relied heavily on the expertise of indigenous miners and smelters. Mining Sabodala has thus unearthed multi-vocal and contested histories of gold discovery. Historians of science have established that field assistants and experts in Africa have produced agronomic and medical knowledge typically credited to “the West.” By extending this argument to gold exploration, the article brings African history into dialogue with an emergent anthropology of subterranean knowledge production.
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Kijewska, Agnieszka, Joanna Dzido, Olga Shukhgalter, and Jerzy Rokicki. "Anisakid Parasites of Fishes Caught on the African Shelf." Journal of Parasitology 95, no. 3 (June 2009): 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/ge-1796.1.

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Lavik, Gaute, Torben Stührmann, Volker Brüchert, Anja Van der Plas, Volker Mohrholz, Phyllis Lam, Marc Mußmann, et al. "Detoxification of sulphidic African shelf waters by blooming chemolithotrophs." Nature 457, no. 7229 (December 10, 2008): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07588.

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Mhammdi, Nadia, Maria Snoussi, Fida Medina, and El Bachir Jaaïdi. "Chapter 10 Recent sedimentation in the NW African shelf." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 41, no. 1 (2014): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m41.10.

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Arkhipkin, Alexander, and Nataly Nekludova. "Age, growth and maturation of the loliginid squids Alloteuthis africana and A. Subulata on the west African shelf." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 73, no. 4 (November 1993): 949–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400034822.

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Samples of two loliginid squids Alloteuthis africana and A. subulata were collected from the continental shelf off the west Sahara in August-September 1987. Statoliths were taken from 124 specimens and processed using statolith ageing techniques. Statoliths of both species were very similar in shape. In the ground statolith, growth increments were examined and grouped into four growth zones distinguished mainly by the width of the increments. Age of adult mature males of both species did not exceed eight months, that of females six months. Alloteuthis africana grew faster than A. subulata in weight and, particularly, in length. At age 180 d the mantle of A. africana was twice as long and the body weight 1·2–1·5 times as large. Both species matured over a wide range of sizes and ages (from 120 to 180 d). The life span of A. africana and A. subulata hatching between January and May on the west Saharan shelf is about six months, much shorter than that of A. subulata in its northern temperate range.
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Roberts, Michael J., Nicola J. Downey, and Warwick H. Sauer. "The relative importance of shallow and deep shelf spawning habitats for the South African chokka squid (Loligo reynaudii)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 69, no. 4 (February 23, 2012): 563–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss023.

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Abstract Roberts, M. J., Downey, N. J., and Sauer, W. H. 2012. The relative importance of shallow and deep shelf spawning habitats for the South African chokka squid (Loligo reynaudii). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 563–571. It is well known that the spawning grounds of chokka squid Loligo reynaudii lie along the shallow inshore regions of South Africa's south coast. However, egg masses have been found in deeper water on the Agulhas Bank, and hydroacoustic targets deemed to be large aggregations of spawning squid have been identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent, depth range, and importance of deep spawning. Trawl data collected during demersal research surveys between Port Nolloth on the west and Port Alfred on the south coast were examined for egg capsules. No spawning was found on the west coast. Data showed that chokka squid preferred the eastern Agulhas Bank for spawning. Spawning occurred not only inshore but also on the mid-shelf extending to depths of 270 m near the shelf edge. Squid egg biomass markedly decreased beyond 70 m, suggesting delineation between the inshore and offshore spawning grounds. Total egg biomass calculations for depths shallower and deeper than 70 m indicated the coastal area to be strongly favoured, i.e. 82 vs. 18%. These results contest the commonly accepted notion that L. reynaudii is an inshore spawner and redefine the spawning grounds to extend across the shelf.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "African Shelf"

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de, Wet Willem Myburgh. "Bathymetry of the South African Continental Shelf." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28970.

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South Africa has an extensive coastline offshore of which lies the prominent South African continental shelf, a relatively flat extension of the onshore coastal plain. The continental shelf is host to major mineral and petroleum deposits, home to South Africa’s major sea fisheries and full of navigation hazards. Therefore, knowledge of the seafloor features, or bathymetry, of the continental shelf is essential to understanding both its long-term geological evolution and present-day use for resources and navigation. Unfortunately there has been little advancement in our knowledge of the South African continental shelf since the marine studies of the 1970’s and 1980’s which culminated in the “Bathymetry around Southern Africa” map of Dingle et al. (1987). Although bathymetric mapping equipment and techniques have greatly improved during the last few decades, very little high resolution bathymetric data of the South African continental margin are currently available for scientific use, with the majority of the high resolution multi-beam echo-sounding bathymetric surveys being undertaken by privately owned mineral exploration and mining companies (such as De Beers, Alexkor, Petro SA, Petroleum Agency of South Africa, etc.), the Council for Geoscience and the South African Navy and Hydrographic Office. More recent advances in satellite altimetry have had a major impact on ocean floor bathymetric mapping especially in deep ocean areas where the sea surface generally reflects the underlying bathymetry. The Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) annually collect single-beam echo-sounding data in order to monitor the abundance of fish species along the South African continental shelf and along with that collect seafloor bathymetry as an additional benefit. The aim of this project is to create a detailed bathymetric map of the continental shelf of South Africa by using digital single-beam echo-sounding data collected by the Fisheries Division of the DAFF over the last two decades. The bathymetric dataset of ±7 million single-beam echo-sounding data points was manually processed, gridded and exported to produce a detailed bathymetric map of the entire South African continental shelf between the Orange River mouth and Kosi Bay complemented by Satellite Altimetry data from the ETOPO 1 – 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model (Amante and Eakins 2009) for the deep ocean area adjacent to the continental shelf. The single- beam bathymetric data were collected by the F.R.S. Africana II and F.R.S. Algoa vessels using SIMRAD EKS-38, EK 400, EK 500 and more recently the EK 60 single-beam echo-sounders along with a the SIMRAD ES38B split beam transducer. The West Coast and South Coast margins have the greatest bathymetric detail due to DAFF’s Cape Town base of operations, whilst the East Coast margin is less detailed due to fewer research campaigns in this area. The Bathymetric Map of the South African Continental Margin produced in this thesis reveals several new and more detailed bathymetric features. New bathymetric features include the northern extension of the Olifants Valley submarine canyon, details of the rocky inner shelf related to glacial period sea level lowstands, as well as the coast parallel wave cut terraces and palaeo dune ridges on the middle shelf between Cape Seal and Cape Recife. Other prominent bathymetric features such as Childs Bank, Cape Canyon, Cape Point Valley, the offshore submerged river valleys of the Breede and Gouritz Rivers and the east-west trending, basement anticlinal ridges situated at the southernmost extent of the Agulhas Arch were revealed in greater detail by this study. The underlying geology, physical Oceanography, drainage patterns as well as eustatic sea-level fluctuations can all be linked to the bathymetry of the continental shelf, which is why this thesis examines the influences of each of these factors on the seafloor morphology around the South African coastline.
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Frewin, J. "Palaeogene ostracods from the South African continental shelf." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17003.

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Bibliography: pages 147-155.
92 cytheracean species, representing 44 genera are recorded from the Palaeogene Agulhas Bank and west coast margin of South Africa. 11 genera and 3 species are common with the Upper Cretaceous faunas. 12 genera (18 species) are left in open nomenclature. The following genera are represented:- Bythoceratina, Incongruellina, Ruggieria, Eucythere, Krithe, Parakrithe, Eucytherura, Cytheropteron, Ambostracon, Urocythereis, Muellerina, Leguminocythereis, Loxoconcha, Schlerochilus, Poseidonamicus, Bradleya, Agrenocythere, Australileberis, Chrysocythere, Costa, Echinocythereis, Haughtonileberis, Henryhowella, Parvacythereis, Phacorhabdotus, Soudanella, Stigmatocythere, Togoina, Trachyleberis, Veenia, Atlanticythere, Xestoleberis. Data on South African Cretaceous and Palaeogene ostracod faunas are discussed in terms of: faunal associations for the South African Palaeogene JC-1, Agulhas Bank and west coast provinces; characteristic species of Upper Eocene and Upper Eocene to Oligocene strata; generic variations across the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. Palaeo-environmental trends from a Cytheracea, Cypridacea + Bairdiacea, Cytherellidae (CCBC) plot indicate a sea level change from <100m (Palaeocene- Eocene), to shallower water with restricted circulation (Upper Eocene) to moderate depth, 100 - 200m (Lower Oligocene). South African faunas are compared with those from adjacent Palaeogene ostracod faunal provinces. Strong generic links occur with West Africa (8 genera in common) and Pakistan (9 genera in common) with only 3 genera in common with Australia and 3 with Argentina.
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Russo, Cristina Serena. "The physical oceanographic processes on the southeast African shelf and slope." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29993.

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Situated between the southeast coast of South Africa and the western edge of the Agulhas Current, is the southeast African shelf. The Agulhas Current, like other western boundary currents of the world, strongly influences the oceanographic conditions of its adjacent shelf system. Limited societal drivers have resulted in the southeast African shelf being one of the least studied and under-sampled shelf systems in southern Africa. The in situ sample deficit has led to the majority of studies conducted in this region to be carried out using satellite data and modelling. In order to identify the physical oceanographic processes occurring on the southeast African shelf and slope, as well as the influence that the Agulhas Current has on them, this study analysed satellite data combined with high resolution in situ data, acquired during two hydrographic surveys of the southeast African shelf and slope, during January/February (austral summer) and July/August (austral winter) 2017. The Agulhas Current as well as a number of physical processes were observed to influence the shelf region. The snapshot of the two seasons given by the January/February and July/August in situ data presented indications of seasonality of temperature and salinity within the upper water masses but not within the deeper water masses. The same five water masses, Tropical Surface Water (TSW), Subtropical Surface Water (STSW), South Indian Central Water (SICW), Red Sea Water (RSW) as well as Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), were observed during each cruise. As a result of the westward widening shelf from just east of East London, divergence-induced upwelling was observed between the coast and the inshore edge of the Agulhas Current, during both January/February and July/August. Ekman veering in the bottom boundary layer was observed between Port Alfred and East London during January/February as a result of the close proximity of the Agulhas Current to the slope. Altimetry data indicated the presence of a cyclonic eddy during both the January/February and July/August 2017 surveys. The presence of cold nutrient-rich SICW in the bottom layers on the shelf during January/February and July/August was as a result of the uplift caused by Ekman pumping associated with the cyclonic eddies. AAIW, usually observed along the offshore edge of the Agulhas Current, was found on the slope along the inshore edge of the Agulhas Current, as a result of the presence of cyclonic eddies. Wind-driven upwelling, induced by offshore Ekman transport and vertical mixing, resulted in the surfacing of cooler waters from below at several locations. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were found to be higher during January/February than during July/August 2017. The dissolved oxygen levels observed on the shelf during both surveys were found to be in the range where the biological responses would be insignificant, suggesting that oxygen availability, on the southeast African shelf, adequately facilitates the survival of the existing shelf biology and that low oxygen conditions do not seem to impact the shelf. This study provides the description of the first high resolution shelf wide hydrographic surveys of the region, during the austral summer and winter (even though they are considered as snapshots) which sets a baseline of oceanographic conditions on the shelf as well as the processes affecting it. The results of this study can be used by the scientific community and governmental departments to better implement conservation regulations regarding marine protected areas in the region.
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Juby, Paul Robert. "Hydrographic conditions of a continental shelf region in the Northwest African Upwelling System from in-situ data." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19971.

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This study investigates the hydrographic and dynamic properties of the continental shelf region between Cape Juby (28.5 °N) and Agadir (30.4 °N) within the Moroccan Sub-region of the North West African Upwelling System. Data came from two cruises conducted in June (beginning of summer) and November (end of autumn) 2013. Coastal upwelling was obvious in both cruises in the in-situ temperature and salinity data as well as in remotely sensed sea surface temperature maps. ADCP data showed the presence of a strong jet like current associated with enhanced upwelling off Cape Juby. This strong quasi-permanent upwelling center was observed during both cruises. It results from the orientation of this portion of coast which is aligned with the dominant wind direction, as well as a wind intensification near the cape. The presence of a secondary upwelling front was also observed near the shelf break. It was accompanied by an intense baroclinic jet. The EK60 data showed evidence of internal waves as well as small and mesoscale turbulence that were probably strongly interacting with the mean upwelling circulation and made a straightforward interpretation of the data quite challenging. However, this study revealed the main physical processes of this poorly studied region, as well as their seasonal variability.
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Botes, Xania. "A South African study of the influence of shelf-edge labelling on urban consumers' grocery shopping behaviour / X. Botes." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/943.

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All consumers engage in some form of grocery shopping in order to satisfy their most basic needs. During grocery shopping consumers tend to make their final decision about grocery purchases within the store. This increases the importance of the availability of in-store information. Shelf-edge labels can be viewed as informative point-of-purchase promotional material providing information, such as price. Since the implementation of bar-coded shelf-edge labels, the practice of individually pricing items declined, leaving the shelf-edge label often to be the only source indicating price and similar in-store information. The provision of in-store promotional and informational material can be associated with high costs and therefore needs to be optimised to its fullest potential. However, the use of shelf-edge labels by South African consumers is a question on the minds of retailers as well as consumer scientists, since an empirical research regarding this topic has been neglected in the past. Therefore, neither retailers, nor scientists know the extent to which consumers use shelf-edge labels during grocery shopping. Consumers' reasons for certain responses to or expectations of shelf-edge labels have not yet been properly investigated. This research aimed to answer these questions. The results of the study answered the study's objectives in a descriptive and exploratory manner, which led to the development of a conceptual frame. This conceptual frame provides a content specific decision-making model which indicates the use of shelf-edge labelling during grocery shopping. Retailers can use this model, as well as other results drawn from the study, to implement shelf-edge labels as informational material to its fullest potential. The study is furthermore beneficial to science in its ability to assist in the understanding of consumer behaviour.
Thesis (M. Consumer Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
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Domingo, Tony Mendes. "The adoption of lean techniques to optimise the on-shelf availability of products and drive business performance in the food industry: a South African manufacturing and retail case study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10363.

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The degree of sustaining business performance, while maintaining competitive costs, satisfied consumers and customers has become more difficult and harder to achieve. To date, both retailers and manufacturers are economically challenged as they enter into a new age and era that is characterised by a restructuring of the supply and demand known today, the one in which the consumer demand chain will both lead and direct all organisational processes. The greatest challenge in manufacturing and retail supply chains today continue to be the inconsistency of product availability. Both retailers and their manufacturers frequently find themselves in positions where they either have too much stock of specific stock-keeping units (SKUs) or insufficient stock levels of a particular SKU, Steve (2010). Retailers and their suppliers both seek to avoid the costly out-of-stock (OOS) situations, which result in lost revenue opportunity for both parties. OOS can also damage shopper loyalty as frustrated consumers might seek out alternative retailers for the same merchandise, while on the other hand suppliers' brand loyalty can be impacted if a competitor's product is substituted instead. It remains true that the two pillars of business, namely demand and supply, still rule. Traditionally, putting supply before demand, with its implied precedence, was the correct approach to apply, but in today's business environment, there is a major shift taking place, predominantly driven by the cycles in globalisation that would be faster than in the traditional way, oversupply in the fast -moving consumer goods industry, a parallel loss of pricing power, consumers with a twenty-four hours access to precise pricing information, which terminates the power of information scarcity, and shorter product life cycles. The global economic crash that represented a global economic storm led many organisations to rethink the manner in which organisations are led. A consensus exists among many authors and commentators that the emerging economic order has imposed changes to the very way companies are doing business.
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Souza, Eduardo Miranda de. "Biomassa e estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica dos ecossistemas do Banco de Abrolhos, adjacências e no Atlântico Sul (Brasil x África)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21131/tde-20042012-153632/.

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Para estimar a distribuição das diferentes classes de tamanho do fitoplâncton através de imagens de sensoriamento remoto e as propriedades bio-ópticas esse trabalho foi realizado em duas regiões. Durante o inverno de 2007 foi feito o cruzeiro com 58 estações hidrográficas sobre Banco de Abrolhos e adjacências e em 2009 o cruzeiro hidrográfico a longo do Atlântico Sul entre as plataformas continentais do Brasil e da África, limitado pelas latitudes 20ºS e 30ºS. Os valores de clorofila_a total mostraram que a região do Banco de Abrolhos é oligotrófica, com baixa produtividade primária e sustenta pelas células do picoplâncton que são influenciadas diretamente pela disponibilidade de fosfato. A matéria orgânica dissolvida (cdom) foi o constituinte bio-óptico com os maiores valores. Sobre a plataforma Africana, a presença da Corrente de Bengala influenciou diretamente nas altas concentrações da clorofila_a e nos tamanhos das células do fitoplâncton. A biomassa dessa região de ressurgência é sustentada por células principalmente do nanoplâncton. As propriedades bio-ópticas da plataforma continental da África são diferentes tanto em valores como nas contribuições relativas das observadas na costa do Brasil. Sobre a plataforma Africana a absorção do fitoplâncton foi o constituinte que prevaleceu sobre os demais (adetritos e cdom).
The distribution of different classes of size phytoplankton are estimated using remote sensing and the bio-optical properties this work was carried out in two regions. During the winter of 2007 the cruisers was done with 58 hydrographic stations on Abrolhos Bank and adjacencies and in 2009 the hydrographic cruise of South Atlantic between the continental shelf of Brazil and Africa, limited by the latitudes 20ºS and 30ºS. The values of chlorophyll a showed that the region of the Bank is oligotrophic area, with low primary productivity and supports for cells of picoplankton that are influenced straightly by the availability phosphate. The organic dissolved matter (cdom) was the constituent bio-optical with the highest values. On the African continental shelf, the presence of Benguela Current influenced straightly the high concentrations of chlorophyll a and the sizes of phytoplankton cells. The upwelling biomass of this region is supported by nanoplankton. The bio-optical properties of continental shelf of Africa are different from Brazilian shelf, the values and in the relative contributions the phytoplankton absorption was prevailed over the others constitute (adetritos and cdom).
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Gomis, Cartesio Luz. "Processes and controls on shelf margin accretion and degradation : Karoo Basin, South Africa." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/processes-and-controls-on-shelf-margin-accretion-and-degradation-karoo-basin-south-africa(21f940c1-81e8-4c4b-89a8-5384f9985512).html.

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The interaction of numerous sedimentary processes at key transition points along the depositional profile results in a complex heterogeneity in ancient basin margin successions. This complexity is generally well studied along depositional dip sections, but lateral (strike) variability and consequent implications for sediment distribution and stratigraphic architecture is commonly less well constrained. In the Karoo Basin, continuous NW-SE-oriented exposure over 80 km has been characterized by 53 logs with 9910 m of cumulative thickness, >2500 palaeocurrent measurements, and ground-, drone- and helicopter-based photo panels. Palaeoflow indicators suggest dominant sediment transport was to the N-NE, with E-W and NE-SW bidirectional components. These are consistent with a strike orientation of the outcrop belt relative to the NE-N margin progradation direction and a NE-SW reworking by waves orientation. In the south of the study area, upper slope and shelf edge parasequences (50-75 m-thick), show current ripples and inverse-to-normal grading in micaceous and organic-rich siltstones and sandstones. They are interpreted as river-dominated prodelta and mouth bar deposits, locally incised by distributary channels (100 m-thick, 1.5 km-wide). Overlying shelf parasequences are thinner (15-50 m) with symmetrical ripple tops, HCS and low angle cross bedding, interpreted as wave-influenced deltaic or shoreface deposits. They transition upward into erosive-based, fining-up sandstones and isolated sharp-based tabular climbing-rippled sandstones, interpreted as channels and crevasse splays within delta plain mudstones. Along strike to the north, upper slope parasequences show more wave reworking indicators and no evidence of gullying or incision. Overlying shelf parasequences are sandier, more amalgamated and strongly influenced by wave action. They are interpreted as offshore, shoreface, foreshore and strandplain deposits. Southern nearshore environments were therefore more river-dominated with bypass and sediment delivery to deeper parts of the basin across a steep, more erosive margin. Wave and storm current redistribution along strike to the northern, lower gradient margin resulted in higher net-to-gross and sand connectivity on a wider shelf, without major incision, bypass and sand supply to the upper slope. No evidence of major avulsions in the upstream tributary and distributary systems are interpreted because the bypass and fluvial-dominated characteristics are persistent in the southern areas through time, whereas the northern margin maintained a sand-starved upper slope and a wave dominated shelf succession. The overall thicker and delta- dominated succession in the south, and the thinner, more condensed and wave dominated stratigraphy in the north are interpreted to be controlled by a combination of basement and basin configuration and differential basin margin physiography. However, relative sea level fluctuations controlled the stacking patterns, with an overall shallowing-upward profile that can be subdivided into two prograding phases, separated by a transgressive phase. At parasequence scale, climate, autocyclicity and coastal processes influenced the equilibrium between sediment input, redistribution and compensational stacking. This study demonstrates that although basin margin successions may be consistently progradational, the interaction of mixed coastal processes and differential spatial configuration can result in a complex along-strike sedimentary architecture, with major implications for sediment distribution through time and space.
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Van, Zyl Frederik Wilhelm. "Geological mapping of the inner shelf off Cape Town's Atlantic Seaboard, South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29676.

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The Atlantic Seaboard is an 18 km stretch of coastline located on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, roughly between the Cape Town suburbs of Mouille Point in the north and Hout Bay in the south. It borders heavy shipping traffic and contains a mix of urban and natural environments including up-market seaside neighbourhoods and is part of the Table Mountain National Park. The predominantly rocky coastline has a northeast–southwest orientation with interspersed sandy pocket beaches. A narrow, low-lying coastal plain (marine terrace) in the north merges with coastal cliffs further south. The geomorphology and sedimentology of the coast are closely linked to the underlying geology, influencing the shape of coastal embayments and promontories, as well as the composition and distribution of sediment. Hydrographic, geophysical and sedimentological techniques were used to collect high-resolution bathymetry, seafloor geology and sediment distribution data to better understand modern coastal processes. The results indicate a low-relief seafloor consisting of Malmesbury Group rocks in the north. To the south the seafloor consists of high-relief Cape Granite reefs interspersed with fine to medium grain sand and bioclastic (shelly) gravel. Sediment transport is generally northward by longshore drift. In the south, the high-relief granite reef and headlands form sediment traps resulting in several large pocket beaches and offshore sediment deposits. In the north, the low-relief Malmesbury bedrock is largely free of sediment, except within narrow erosional gullies. Most sediment rapidly passes through to the north resulting in a sediment-starved rocky seafloor. The three principal sources of beach sand are aeolian fine sand transported by the Karbonkelberg headlands bypass dune entering the sea at Sandy Bay, biogenic carbonate production along the coast, and weathering of Table Mountain Group sandstone and granite bedrock. A fourth source is sediment entering the system via longshore drift from the south of Duiker Point. The water depth around the Duiker Point headland is presently too deep for sediment to be transported easily through longshore drift, other than during large storm events, but during past sea-level low stands this would have played an important part in supplying sediment to the coast. Changes in sea level play an important part in shaping the geomorphology of the coastline. Beach deposits, both sandy and boulder beaches have been left at various elevations along the coast, both offshore and onshore. Although today the Sea Point area is protected by sea walls and man-made structures, a higher sea level was responsible for shaping the narrow coastal plain. Increasing rates of global sea-level change are becoming an important issue all over the world and the Atlantic Seaboard coast is not immune to the effects of sea-level rise. The frequency and magnitude of storm events that breach the sea defences erode beaches and sea cliffs and cause damage to private and public property are likely to increase in the future
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Wilson, Michael Lewis. "Strandlopers and shell middens : an investigation into the identity, nomenclature and life-style of the indigenous inhabitants of the southern African coastal region in the prehistoric and early historical period, with a recent example." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22956.

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Books on the topic "African Shelf"

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Smith, Geof. The tortoise shell & other African stories. New York: Scholastic, Inc., 2002.

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Kamga, Maurice K. Délimitation maritime sur la côte atlantique africaine. Bruxelles: Bruylant ; Éd. de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2005.

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Ṿadi Salib sheli. Tel-Aviv: Yediʻot aḥaronot, 2009.

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Robbins, Sandra. How the turtle got its shell: An African tale. Roslyn, N.Y: Berrent Publications, 1990.

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Barzilai, Zvi. Meʼoraʻot Ṿadi Salib: Reshito shel mifneh. [Haifa]: Ts. Barzilai be-siyuʻa Ḳeren tarbut Ḥefah, 1997.

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Shokeid, Moshe. Dor ha-temurah: Shinui ṿe-hemshekhiyut be-ʻolamam shel yotsʾe Tsefon-Afriḳah. Yerushalayim: Yad Yitsḥaḳ Ben-Tsevi, 1999.

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Movement for the Survival of Ogoni People. Ogoni-Shell reconciliation: The journey so far. Port Harcourt: Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), 2006.

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1914-, Johnson Marion, ed. The shell money of the slave trade. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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Meʾiri, Barukh. Ḥalom ben sorgim: Sipuram shel asire Tsiyon me-Etyopiyah. Yerushalayim: Gefen, 1998.

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The politics of bones. Toronto: M&S, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "African Shelf"

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Werz, Bruno, Hayley Cawthra, and John Compton. "Recent Developments in African Offshore Prehistoric Archaeological Research, with an Emphasis on South Africa." In Prehistoric Archaeology on the Continental Shelf, 233–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9635-9_13.

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Flemming, Burghard W., and Alexander Bartholomä. "Temporal Variability, Migration Rates and Preservation Potential of Subaqueous Dune Fields Generated in the Agulhas Current on the Southeast African Continental Shelf." In Sediments, Morphology and Sedimentary Processes on Continental Shelves, 229–47. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118311172.ch11.

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Pohly-Bergstresser, Sibylle. "Der Ogoni-Shell-Komplex: Zur Geschichte einer Grass-Roots-Bewegung." In Afrika Jahrbuch 1995, 35–44. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91407-1_5.

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Bailey, Geoffrey N., Dimitris Sakellariou, Abdullah Alsharekh, Salem Al Nomani, Maud Devès, Panos Georgiou, Manolis Kallergis, et al. "Africa-Arabia Connections and Geo-Archaeological Exploration in the Southern Red Sea: Preliminary Results and Wider Significance." In Under the Sea: Archaeology and Palaeolandscapes of the Continental Shelf, 361–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53160-1_23.

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Duineveld, G. C. A., M. S. S. Lavaleye, and G. J. van Noort. "The trawlfauna of the Mauritanian shelf (Northwest Africa): density, species composition, and biomass." In Ecological Studies in the Coastal Waters of Mauritania, 165–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1986-3_14.

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Siebörger, Ingrid, Alfredo Terzoli, and Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams. "Evolving an Efficient and Effective Off-the-Shelf Computing Infrastructure for Rural Communities of South Africa." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 63–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52014-4_5.

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Berghuis, E. M., G. C. A. Duineveld, and J. Hegeman. "Primary production and distribution of phytopigments in the water column and sediments on the upwelling shelf off the Mauritanian coast (Northwest Africa)." In Ecological Studies in the Coastal Waters of Mauritania, 81–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1986-3_8.

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Jerardino, Antonieta. "Shell Fragmentation Beyond Screen-Size and the Reconstruction of Intra-Site Settlement Patterns: A Case Study from the West Coast of South Africa." In Zooarchaeology in Practice, 151–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64763-0_8.

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Fiduk, Joseph C., Peter B. Gibbs, Eugene R. Brush, Lynn E. Anderson, Thomas R. Schultz, and Steven E. Schulz. "Progradation and Retrogradation of the Libyan Shelf and Slope, North African Continental Margin." In Petroleum Systems of Divergent Continental Margin Basins: 25th Annual, 1200–1201. SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC PALEONTOLOGISTS AND MINERALOGISTS, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5724/gcs.05.25.1200.

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Gross, Alan G., and Joseph E. Harmon. "Archival Websites in the Humanities and Sciences." In The Internet Revolution in the Sciences and Humanities. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190465926.003.0009.

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A South African by birth, white, of German ancestry, fluent in Afrikaans, Helena Pohlandt-McCormick spent six months in her native country in 1993 and a full year in 1994 studying the Soweto uprising. During that time, she assiduously examined the relevant archives but was unable to find any of the posters she knew the marching students carried: . . . From the transcripts and correspondence of the Cillié Commission I knew that the Commission had received, from the police, many posters and banners that had been confiscated during various student marches in 1976. None of them would have fit into a traditional archive document box and, though mentioned on the list of evidence associated with the Cillié Commission, they were initially not to be found. I continued to request that archivists search the repositories—without success. Until, one day, perhaps exasperated by my persistence or wanting to finally prove to me that there was nothing to be found in the space associated with K345, the archival designator of my Soweto materials, one of the archivists relented and asked me to accompany her into the vaults in order to help her search for these artifacts of the uprising! To be sure, there were no posters to be found in the shelf space that housed the roughly nine hundred boxes of evidence associated with the Cillié Commission. But then, as my disappointed eyes swept the simultaneously ominous and tantalizing interior of the vault, I saw a piece of board protruding over the topmost edge of the shelf. There, almost 9 feet into the air, in the shadowy space on top of the document shelves, lay a pile of posters and banners. . . . We can understand Pohlandt-McCormick’s mounting sense of excitement. It is not just the discovery itself; it is the sense of being in touch with the past—literally in touch. It is the knowledge that no photograph can do justice to any 3D object, whether it is a collection of posters, a cache of cold fusion memorabilia, or Enrico Fermi’s Nobel medal.
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Conference papers on the topic "African Shelf"

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Hollingsworth, Richard, B. Barley, and T. P. Summers. "Keynote; Wide Azimuth Seismic in BP – Off the Shelf Business Solutions." In 3rd EAGE North African/Mediterranean Petroleum and Geosciences Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20147376.

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Moreau, J., L. Degermann, J. F. Ghienne, and J. L. Rubino. "Large-Scale Physiography of the Murzuq Basin Shelf during Hirnantian Ice-Sheet Final Retreat and Silurian Transgression." In 3rd EAGE North African/Mediterranean Petroleum and Geosciences Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20146479.

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Maranga, Ignatius, Grace Burleson, Roger Christen, and Izael Da Silva. "Design and Testing of a Solar-Powered Bicycle in Nairobi, Kenya." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98015.

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Abstract Globally, access to reliable and clean transportation vehicles is a growing concern. Using off-the-shelf components, researchers in Kenya have developed a solar-powered bicycle called the “Solar-E-Bike.” The bike has the potential to support the demand for mobility and electric power of the growing African population. A fully solar powered vehicle/generator for commuting and light cargo transportation as a source of electricity in the home is technically feasible and would respond to real user needs, impact the lives of many of people living in off-grid communities in Africa. Incorporating renewably-powered transportation methods could be a significant contribution to avoiding CO2 emissions in the future. The prototypes for this product have proven that a solar vehicle could easily be a practical transportation device with a daily range of 50 km per day. However, a test drive across 500 km showcased valuable design changes, such as improved component selection and durable frame design, that are needed for this product to be usable on a commercialized scale. Vehicles such as the one discussed in this paper could provide additional benefits such as power generation and provide infrastructure support for health, education, water and communications.
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Oifoghe, Stanley, Nora Alarcon, and Lucrecia Grigoletto. "Assessing Bypassed Hydrocarbons." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207086-ms.

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Abstract Hydrocarbons are bypassed in known fields. This is due to reservoir heterogeneities, complex lithology, and limitations of existing technology. This paper seeks to identify the scenarios of bypassed hydrocarbons, and to highlight how advances in reservoir characterization techniques have improved assessment of bypassed hydrocarbons. The present case study is an evaluation well drilled on the continental shelf, off the West African Coastline. The targeted thin-bedded reservoir sands are of Cenomanian age. Some technologies for assessing bypassed hydrocarbon include Gamma Ray Spectralog and Thin Bed Analysis. NMR is important for accurate reservoir characterization of thinly bedded reservoirs. The measured NMR porosity was 15pu, which is 42% of the actual porosity. Using the measured values gave a permeability of 5.3mD as against the actual permeability of 234mD. The novel model presented in this paper increased the porosity by 58% and the permeability by 4315%.
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von Solms, S., W. S. Hurter, and J. Meyer. "A Sustainable Model for Problem Based Learning in a South African School." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-68075.

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South Africa is currently facing an education dilemma with high numbers of youth unemployment and a growing specialized skills shortage in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). STEM problem based learning events, hosted by government and the corporate sector, has shown to improve science and technology literacy and to encourage the youth to pursue tertiary education in the field of science. Unfortunately, schools face a range of challenges which restricts them from participating in these learning methods, depriving learners of the advantages offered by problem based learning. This paper presents a model for the sustainable provision of STEM problem based learning opportunities in South African schools. The presented model is based on a two-team mentoring model which makes problem based learning sustainable in a South African school environments. The Shell Eco Marathon is in its third year, and the students that have passed through the program will now be progressing to university. The impact of this program, therefore, will be become evident by the success of the students’ studies in the near future.
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Mathopo, Sonia, and Annlize Marnewick. "Selection process for commercial-off-the-shelf products used as defence equipment." In 2017 IEEE AFRICON. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095565.

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Forristall, George Z., Kevin Ewans, Michel Olagnon, and Marc Prevosto. "The West Africa Swell Project (WASP)." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11264.

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The responses of floating systems are sensitive to the detailed shape of the swell portion of the wave spectrum. Knowledge of swell is particularly important for sites off West Africa. The West Africa Swell Project (WASP JIP) was formed to analyze the available data on West African swell. Measurements were obtained from Shell, Ifremer, Chevron and Marathon. Hindcast data came from Oceanweather and the NOAA Wavewatch model. Sites ranging from Nigeria to Namibia were considered. Modeling the dispersion of swell over long distances indicates that the resulting power spectrum will have a triangular or lognormal shape. Sampling variability makes it difficult to distinguish between those shapes or Jonswap or Gaussian forms, but lognormal spectra generally provided good fits. The models also indicate that the width of the spectrum in both frequency and direction should be inversely related to the peak frequency. Fits to the measurements established detailed relationships for each location. Calculating the response of single degree of freedom oscillators to the measured and hindcast spectra produces response spectra which give the maximum response as a function of natural period and damping. Extreme values of system response can be calculated from the response spectra. The largest responses come from uni-modal spectra, and design spectra can be estimated by inflating them.
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Popeko, A., A. Yeremin, O. Malyshev, V. Chepigin, A. Svirikhin, A. Isaev, A. Kuznetsova, et al. "SHELS — A Separator for Heavy Element Spectroscopy: First Results." In International African Symposium on Exotic Nuclei. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814632041_0057.

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Volya, Alexander, and Yury M. Tchuvil'sky. "Study of Nuclear Clustering Using the Modern Shell Model Approach." In International African Symposium on Exotic Nuclei. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814632041_0022.

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Otsuka, Takaharu. "Perspectives of Physics of Exotic Nuclei Beyond the Shell Evolution." In International African Symposium on Exotic Nuclei. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814632041_0042.

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Reports on the topic "African Shelf"

1

McCartney, T. A qualitative comparison of continental rift structures in the sedimentary basins of the Labrador Shelf, offshore Newfoundland and Labrador, and the Malawi Rift, east Africa. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/315352.

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