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Mbenga, Chilombo. "Exploring South African youths' on/offline political participation." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12353.
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Includes bibliographical references.This study is located between the contradiction that youth is politically disinterested and that youth is very much politically engaged. Some scholars have argued that youth political disinterest is a threat to the life of the traditional public sphere and democracy. Against the notion of the youth's disinterest and disaffection from politics, this study points out the deficit in exploratory studies that examine and explore the relationship between young people and their political participation both in the on/offline context. In light of the contradiction as well, this current study asked the following question: how does a group of South African youth use social media to participate in the virtual public sphere? Also, what are the views of a group of South African youth about political participation (via their use of traditional and new/social media)?
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Williams, Robert A. "The ecology of antisocial behavior in urban African American youths /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9901301.
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Phelps, Kenyatta Danielle. "Partners, parents, and peers' effects on African American youths' school achievement." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1194313802.
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Phelps, Kenyatta D. "Partners, Parents, and Peers' Effects on African American Youths' School Achievement." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194313802.
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Ohakam, Sylvanus Obidinma. "Niger Delta Youths' Views on Entrepreneurship Education for Fighting Poverty and Unemployment." Thesis, Walden University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10981372.
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Education policymakers in Nigeria lack the knowledge on the views of Niger Delta youths, who rely on entrepreneurship education and its contents to fight poverty and unemployment in their area. This study’s purpose was to gain deeper understanding of the views of Niger Delta youths on entrepreneurship education, its contents, and its role in fighting their area’s high rate of poverty and unemployment. This study was framed and guided by three key concepts that focus on the challenges of poor communities: youth unemployment in sub-Saharan Africa, entrepreneurship education, and youth entrepreneurship. To address this issue properly, a qualitative multiple-case study was designed. Data were collected from multiple sources: semi structured interviews, archival data from government labor reports , and the researcher’s field notes.Data analysis was completed through thematic and cross-case synthesis analysis. . The findings showed that the Niger Delta is less privileged in financial availability, deepened in economic recessions under unemployment, poverty, inflation, hunger and starvations, with less chance of obtaining education, without qualification for employable white-collar jobs, neglected by the government of Nigeria, irrespective that Niger Delta region is the city of petroleum production that gives approximately 95% of Nigerian national revenue annually. With the adoption of entrepreneurship education in their school system and through training and skill acquisition, the Niger Delta would contribute to poverty alleviation, increased business career ownership, and meet the daily economic demands of their families, and be able to have a voice in social change. Social change can potentially be achieved through economic restoration and the enhancement of youths’ education and employment status, which in turn would help decrease the rate of poverty.
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Hartley, Candice Gene. "Anxiety symptoms in South African youths : their assessment and relationship with stressful life events." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21625.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The first objective of the study was to explore whether a correlation exists between anxiety symptoms and stressful life events within a sample of marginalised South African youths. The second objective was to examine the psychometric properties and cross-cultural validation of the Dominic-R when administered within the aforementioned sample. The participants consisted of a sample of 185 children aged between 10- and 15- years. Children completed three self-report questionnaires, namely the Dominic-R, the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS), and a modified version of the Major Life Events Checklist (MLEC-M). Results indicated that albeit rather weak, significant positive correlations were nonetheless obtained between the total Dominic-R and SCAS scores, and stressful life events experienced. Furthermore, the psychometric properties of both the Dominic-R and the SCAS were moderate (convergent validity) to acceptable (internal consistency) for the sample. The implications of these results provide tentative evidence for the utilisation of the Dominic-R within South African samples. The limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die eerste doelwit van die studie was om vas te stel of daar ‘n korrelasie bestaan tussen angssimptome en stresvolle lewensgebeure binne ‘n steekproef van gemarginaliseerde Suid-Afrikaanse jeugdiges. Die tweede was om ondersoek in te stel na die psigometriese eienskappe en kruiskulturele validering van die Dominic-R soos toegepas op voorafgenoemde steekproef. Die deelnemers het bestaan uit ‘n steekproef van 185 kinders tussen 10 en 15 jaar oud. Die kinders moes drie selfverslagvraelyste invul, naamlik die Dominic-R, die Spencekinderangsskaal (Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale – SCAS) en die aangepaste weergawe van die Kontrolelys vir Belangrike Lewensgebeure (Major Life Events Checklist – MLECM). Alhoewel redelik swak, het resultate tog getoon dat daar ‘n beduidend positiewe korrelasie was tussen die algehele Dominic-R- en SCAS-tellings. Verder was die psigometriese eienskappe van beide die Dominic-R en die SCAS gemiddeld (konvergente geldigheid) tot aanvaarbaar (interne konsekwentheid) vir die steekproef. Hierdie resultate bewys tentatief dat die Dominic-R bruikbaar is binne Suid-Afrikaanse steekproewe. Die beperkings van die studie en aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing word bespreek.
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Chenga, Charity Sarah. "Transitions from school to work : Local black and migrant youths in a south african mining community." Thesis, University of Kent, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508565.
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Steinbrecher, Victor, and Josefin Sjönvall. "The Kids Are Alright : Self-perceived health and SOC among South African adolescent." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för idrottsvetenskap (ID), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-49868.
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This study was conducted in South Africa among a total of 86 South African adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate self-perceived health among youths from two different socio-economic groups in South Africa, what they believe promote their health and what views they have on school health education. The study used a mixed method approach consisting of quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews. The study draws Aaron Antonovsky’s theory of health, the salutogenic perspective and the sense of coherence theory. In addition, Antonovsky’s 29-item orientation to life questionnaire formed the quantitative part of the study. The main findings of this study is that higher socio-economic status does not necessarily correlate with higher SOC. Family and supportive people had the greatest affect on the adolescents’ ability to cope with stressors and are therefore the main health promoting factors. Finally, health education and the subject Life Orientation, as well as the school as an institution, are health-promoting factors and have in different ways influenced the participants’ views on health.
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Stephen, Aisha. "The Impact of the Men Accepting Neophytes-Uplifting Pupils Community-Based Mentoring Program." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3473.
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Effective mentoring programs are essential for African American youth to feel satisfaction and contribute to society, particularly in large urban communities. A need exists to study the impact of community-based mentoring programs in central Georgia, particularly those focused on male African Americans. Despite various mentoring programs, stakeholders know little about the elements of program impact for at-risk youths. Community mentoring programs frequently serve as a tool to minimize high dropout rates that often result from youth incarceration, expulsion, and suspension. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the perceptions of mentors and administrative staff on the impact of programs designed to support at-risk youths' successful return to school. Attachment theory; Alderfer's existence, relatedness, and growth theory; and social-development theory served as the framework for this study. This qualitative case study examined the perceptions of mentors and administrators on the impact of the Men Accepting Neophytes and Uplifting Pupils (MAN-UP) mentoring program. Data accrued from document review, interviews, and observations of 15 mentors and 3 administrators. Data analytic procedures included the use of codes and themes. Results showed that the MAN-UP program is effective in combating some of the challenges that at-risk youth face. Positive social change may result from the creation of professional development for mentors and program administrators, which is specifically designed to improve the negative behaviors of African American male at-risk youth. This could have implications for mentors, educators, and communities seeking to reduce school suspension and expulsion rates and crimes that lead to incarceration. Proper mentor training would help to reduce recidivism.
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Chen, Hsing-Jung. "ROBUST PROTECTIVE FACTORS THAT HELP YOUTHS WITH A PARENT EXPERIENCING DEPRESSION ACHIEVE POSITIVE ADJUSTMENT." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1979.
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Based on a resilience framework, the purpose of this study was to address knowledge gaps about minority youths who lived in rural and poor areas, had a primary caregiver with a diagnosis of depression, and faced multiple psychosocial stressors. Three research objectives included: 1) To explore the association between ecological protective factors and four developmental outcomes-emotional adjustment, behavioral adjustment, school performance, and educational aspiration; 2) To identify the robust protective factors; and 3) To explore the interactive relationships between risk and robust protective factors. Families (N=126) where the primary caregiver had a diagnosis of major depression and had a child aged 10-14 years old were selected for this study. This study used a longitudinal data set: Family and Community Health Study (FACHS). Six theoretical protective factors in individual-family-community levels and four youths’ developmental outcomes were selected from the FACHS: emotional adjustment; behavioral adjustment; school performance; and educational aspiration. Separate hierarchical regression analyses were conducted for each of the youths’ developmental outcomes. Before conducting the regression analyses, factor analysis, power analysis, data screening and regression assumptions assessment were conducted. For the research objective 1 and 2, this study’s findings suggested that overall, with the exception of parental monitoring, these theoretical protective factors only operated in specific developmental domains. Only parental monitoring was identified as a robust protective factor for this population. The regression model (R2adj) explained 11.5 % of the variance of depression, 29.8 % of conduct behavior, 15.2 % of school performance, and 18.7 % of educational aspiration. Youths’ optimism (ß=-.215) significantly contributed to the Emotional Adjustment Model. Youths’ self control (ß=-.210), prosocial friendship (ß=-.187), and parental monitoring (ß=-.250) significantly contributed to the Behavioral Adjustment Model. Parental monitoring (ß=.189) significantly contributed to the School Performance Model. Parental monitoring (ß=.278) and teacher’s support (ß=.292) significantly contributed to the Educational Aspiration Model. For objective 3, this study suggested that the effect of parental monitoring did not vary by the risk levels. In other words, regardless of the change of risk effect, parental monitoring consistently functioned as a protective effect on youth’s educational aspiration. Based on the findings from this study, six suggestions for future research, four recommendations for intervention and mental health-related services systems, and one suggestion for social work education were provided.
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Collins, Dana Lang. "Perceived Parental Ethnic-Racial Socialization as a Predictor of African American Youths' Racial Identity, Critical Conciousness, and Race-Related Stress." Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107279.
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Thesis advisor: Janet E. HelmsAfrican American parents engage in ethnic-racial socialization practices, which may foster their youths’ racial identity and critical consciousness development, each of which may decrease youths’ race-related stress. The few studies that have examined the relationships between African American youths’ perceived parental ethnic-racial socialization practices and their racial identity or critical consciousness have used inconsistent conceptualizations of racial identity. No studies have compared the effectiveness of different kinds of perceived parental socialization practices on critical consciousness development, nor has previous research demonstrated that critical consciousness is related to reduced stress. In the present study, the perceived parental strategies of Cultural Socialization and Preparation for Bias were investigated to determine how they were related to racial identity and critical consciousness development. Also, effects of racial identity and critical consciousness on racial stress were studied. African American youths, ages 18-24 years (N=139), completed a demographic questionnaire, perceived ethnic-racial socialization measures, a racial identity measure, critical consciousness measures and a measure of race-related stress. Multivariate multiple regression analyses revealed that parental Cultural Socialization was related to lower levels of Preencounter (conformity), Post-Encounter (confusion), and higher levels of Internalization (self-actualizing) racial identity statuses, and to critical consciousness dimensions of Critical Reflection and Political Efficacy, but lower levels of Critical Action. Parental Preparation for Bias only predicted Preencounter. Critical Reflection was related to high levels of Cultural Race-Related Stress, was negatively related to Institutional Race-Related Stress, and was not related to Individual Race-Related Stress. Each of the other critical consciousness dimensions was related to higher levels of at least one type of race-related stress, rather than lower levels. Immersion/Emersion was related to high levels of all three types of race-related stress. Implications of the findings are that (a) parental Cultural Socialization strategies may be most useful for promoting racial identity and critical consciousness, (b) parental strategies may encourage all aspects of critical consciousness except political action, and (c) with only a couple of exceptions, racial identity and critical consciousness were related to higher stress
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology
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Gwakuba, Umile. "Police engagement with African communities in Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2565.
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Utilising a qualitative, grounded theory methodology, this research investigated police engagement with the African communities, especially youth in Western Australia. Voices of African youth, police officers and African leaders’ perspectives and experiences were captured through in-depth interviews and focus groups in relation to the nature of their relationship. Factors contributing to the relationship and considerations for effective engagement between the multiple parties were explored.
Overall, the study found that the relationship between African youth and police in Western Australia was tense and filled with mistrust. There was a gap between standard policing and the community policing models when addressing non-law-abiding African youth, particularly around the Perth commercial business district (CBD). Community policing was found to effectively engage African community leaders and their associations but unable to address ongoing tension between patrol officers and African youth in entertainment precincts around Perth CBD. African leaders were concerned with the harsh treatment of African youth by police and disappointed with non-law-abiding youths’ refusal to attend support events they organise for them. Youth accused police of being racist towards them. Many participants evidenced excessive monitoring and movement restrictions (through move-on notices), arrests and hefty charges in Perth CBD as being racially motivated. Police participants accused African youth of disorderly behaviour, including challenging police authority and involvement in violent crimes. Police, youth and African elders noted a lack of cultural sensitivity and training of patrol officers, as well as a lack of understanding of legal and policing matters by African youth. Considering community engagement models from both community development and community policing engagement perspectives, a community policing engagement model for culturally and linguistically (CaLD) communities has been proposed based on data obtained.
Participation of African communities, especially youth, on policing matters, recruitment of African people into WA Police, cultural training of police officers and providing education to African communities on policing and legal matters are key to resolving tensions and building trust between the two parties. The continued tension and reported racism towards African youth in Perth CBD has brought into question WA police’s legitimacy, commitment to procedural justice and protection of basic human rights in terms of freedom of movement and inclusion of all citizens. While youth were interviewed from various Perth suburbs, there was a suggestion that the major concerns they had related more to the Perth CBD. By not prioritising non-law-abiding African youth and relying on African leaders to report community policing issues, police are not effectively addressing ongoing crime issues. Therefore, community policing needs to prioritise members of community who engage most with police, driven by core business needs and achieved by aligning standard policing and community policing priorities to work together in addressing African youth challenges.
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McLaughlin, Marc D. "Developmental Assets in Urban Youths’ Mentoring Networks: Relationships with Important Adults." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1218840610.
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Allen, Keenan. ""Do you want to help them" Analyzing the representation of African Americans in Expressen's news reports of 53 youths from Chicago visiting Stockholm in 1966." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21283.
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This study is a qualitative content analysis, aiming to analyze the representation of African Americans in reports made by the Swedish newspaper Expressen, covering a journey with 53 youths from Chicago to Stockholm in 1966. This study has a critical approach to understanding how preferred meanings were reproduced in Expressen’s representation of the African American participants. Stuart Hall’s (2003) theory ‘the spectacle of the other’ and Homi Bhabha’s (1994) theory stemming from colonial discourse, ‘the process of subjectification’ are used to analyze the material. The material collected consists of text and images presented by Expressen which was an active reporter on the event, as well considered a co-partner of the project to travel from Chicago to Stockholm. This paper suggests the way in which the African Americans were represented is part of the representational practices of ‘racializing the othering’, significantly through the form known as stereotyping; which results in a clear distinction between them and Swedes on the basis of racial representations produced about the African Americans. The study is a modest contribution to expanding and developing the concept of how different races has been represented and perpetual to the history of differentiating people through racial and colonial discourse.
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Phaswana, Edith. "Youth participation : The influence of approaches and setting on youths experiences in South Africa." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506713.
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Youth participation as a theoretical, practical and policy approach is increasing globally. This thesis examines the experiences of elected youth leaders' participating in three selected settings (school councils, youth councils and youth organisations) in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The objectives of the study were to explore different projects (activities) and approaches (ways of involving youth) taken to participation; and to investigate the influence of approaches and settings (the environment where youth participate) on youths' experiences. A qualitative interpretive approach was adopted to conduct this research. Twenty-two indepth interviews and five focus group discussions were held with a purposively selected sample of elected youth leaders aged 15-34 years in Limpopo, South Africa. Additional interviews were done with staff members who worked directly with the youth leaders. To explore the approaches, a model suggesting possible approaches to participation was adapted and used to tease out various approaches at the study site. By focussing on a specific project, alternative approaches were identified across the sample: youth autonomy, adultyouth partnerships, youth-led collaboration and adult-led collaboration. When youth leaders reflected on their experiences, it was apparent that an opportunity for social learning was created, and this had a positive impact on them. However, there were relational experiences across all settings that are likely to affect youth in a negative way. Their observations of, and encounters with, different adults within these settings challenge professionals working with youth to review their practices. The findings also provide an insight into the setting-specific challenges that need to be taken into account to promote meaningful engagement of youth. The study contributes to the field of community youth development by providing empirical evidence of the importance of institutional characteristics that need to be taken into account in programme action. Youth leaders' accounts add to literature on youth participation by providing an alternative (youth) perspective of participation practices and experiences in a developing country context. This perspective emphasises how traditional notions of being young clashes with the principles of youth participation. Contextual factors are also likely to constrain meaningful engagement of youth in this context.
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Shishane, Kwanele. "Predictors of condoms use behaviour and intentions of African migrant youth in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22996.
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Although the prognosticators of condom use among youth in South Africa have been extensively studied, very little is known about the attitudes and subjective norms influencing sexual behaviours that could influence safe sex intentions among the population of migrant youth in South Africa. This study aims to investigate the predictors of condom use behaviour and intentions among migrant youth in South Africa and examines the influences of acculturation on the relationship between condom use intention and behaviour among this population. This was done through the exploration of the nature and extent of condom use; condom use behaviour; acculturation and condom use behaviour; association between acculturation and intentions to use condom use; association between intention and condom use behaviour; and perceived behavioural control and condom use behaviour among African migrant youth. Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and Berry's model of acculturation provided the theoretical framework for the empirical investigation of the study. The current study utilized a sexually active sample (N=91) of youth African migrants residing in Cape Town, with ages ranging 18-35 years. Age proportion by percentage was 18-25 at 46.2%, 26-3 at 30.8% and 32-35 years at 20.8%. A cross sectional quantitative research design was utilized and a time location non-probability sampling procedure was assumed in this study. Participants were recruited through a non-profit organisations working with African migrants in Cape Town. The instrument used was an anonymous semi-structured questionnaire consisting of five measures that assess the central study variables and a demographic section. Results indicate that attitudes had an insignificant relationship with condom use behaviour. Referent group norms had a .378 correlation (significant at 0.01 level) which indicate that peer norms had an influence on condom use behavior. Hierarchical multiple analyses were conducted, attitudes and subjective norms were entered in the first step explaining 15% of the variance on condom use behaviour. After entry of perceived behavioral control and intentions at step 2 the total variance explained by the model as whole was 22.7%. The two control measures explained an additional 7.7%, this means that perceived behavioral control and intentions explain an additional 7.7% (.077x100) of the variance in condom use behaviour of variance on condom use behaviour, even when the effects of attitudes and subjective norms are statistically controlled for. With respect to gender differences, females reported less condom use compared to males. This study concludes that, the central study variables did not have a highly significant correlation with condom use behaviour, with attitudes having the least significance. This study identified barriers to condom use such as culture and religion emphasize the need for future interventions to target popular opinion leaders (POL's) so as to influence cultural and religious beliefs that might have an impact on condom use.
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Wakholi, Peter. "African cultural education : African migrant youth in Western Australia /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050705.104626.
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Sithole, Sean Thulani. "Exploring the link between youth migration and food security : a case study of Zimbabwean youths in Cape Town, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4847.
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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)In recent times, debates on the connection between migration and development surfaced as essential discourses in contemporary development issues. Consequently, this led to the birth of what is currently popularly acknowledged or coined as the migration-development nexus. In addition, there has been an evolution of the food security topic in various developmental discussions. Nevertheless, little attention has been given to the relationship between international migration and food security in the context of development. Moreover, missing in the literature is the conversation on migration and food security with particular attention to youths who constitute a vulnerable yet economically active group. Furthermore, there has been an ongoing engaging debate on the impact of remittances, on one side macro-economists argue that remittances are important for the economies of migrant sending and receiving countries and view the use of remittances at the household level as destruction to growth and development. On the other, microeconomists are skeptical about the naïve view of the macroeconomists; on the contrary, they argue that the use of remittances at the household level is very vital for the livelihood of the poor and vulnerable societies. This thesis empirically investigated the link between youth migration and food security in the setting of Zimbabwean youths in Cape Town, South Africa, in the perspective of south-south migration, the New Economics of Labour Migration and Livelihood Approaches, consequently introducing what the researcher identifies as the youth migration-food security nexus. The thesis focused on three key themes: 1) reasons for youth migration in connection to food security 2) the importance of remittances on food security in the place of origin 3) levels of food insecurity of Zimbabwean youths in Cape Town. A combination of quantitative and qualitative research approach was applied in this study, where STATA version 12 statistical software was used for quantitative data analysis. The findings of this thesis reveal that there is an assenting link between youth migration and food security. Firstly, results point out that food insecurity or food shortage is one of the main causes of youth migration. Secondly, migration decision making is a collective and cooperative livelihood strategy used by many households or families. Thirdly, remittances from youths are vital for the livelihood of the people left in the place of origin and are primarily sent and used for food consumption. Lastly, although food security levels were still low there was an improvement of food security for youth migrants in Cape Town. Moreover, this research recognized a number of challenges that face migrant youths in their need for food security, which include (a) lack of reliable income to buy food, (b) poor utilization of food or consumption of unbalanced diet, and (c) limited research on migration and food security issues. In contextualizing these challenges, the study concludes with remarks and recommendations for policy makers, governments and nongovernmental establishments among other organizations.
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Kalonji, Stéphane M. "Umoja youth ministry an educational youth program for African American churches /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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au, p_wakholi@yahoo com, and Peter Wakholi. "African Cultural Education: A dialogue with African migrant youth in Western Australia." Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050705.104626.
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African Cultural Education: A dialogue with African migrant youth in Western Australia, examines cultural issues that concern a specific group of African migrant youths. The ten youth participants three of whom are male and seven female share their concerns and desires about issues relating to their cultural identity. As a minority group in a predominantly Eurocentric society they are faced with cultural challenges, which influence their being namely: Racism and the pressure to assimilate.
The thesis adopts an Afrikan1 Centred Cultural Democracy approach: which proposes that African people must construct a new African identity and must begin to perceive and interpret the world in its entirety from an African psychological, spiritual, and cultural frame of reference. This approach requires an ongoing critical assesement of both subjective lived experience and objective conditions. Through the Ujamaa circle process the youth participants along with the facilitator examined challenges to their cultural identities and alternative liberatory options. Growing up in a culturally alienating Eurocentric culture, they felt the need for an African cultural space, in which they could explore issues affecting them as African descendants. In particular racism and assimilation were of major concern to them. They were of the opinion that there should be an ongoing African Cultural Education Program to facilitate cultural re-evaluation and continuity.
It is the studys conclusion that cultural education for a minority African migrant group in a dominant Eurocentric culture is essential for their identities and continued root-cultural connectedness. Within the African Cultural Education conceptual framework, in addition to African cultural re-evaluation, it is possible to critically explore oppressive and domineering practices of the mainstream culture. It is also possible that the African migrant youth may become equipped with alternative worldviews from an African perspective, which will enable him/her to make informed judgement and response towards inappropriate mainstream attitudes and values. Participation in the arena of cultural politics will therefore be based on informed practice.
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Wakholi, Peter. "African cultural education: a dialogue with African migrant youth in Western Australia." Thesis, Wakholi, Peter (2005) African cultural education: a dialogue with African migrant youth in Western Australia. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/383/.
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African Cultural Education: A dialogue with African migrant youth in Western Australia, examines cultural issues that concern a specific group of African migrant youths. The ten youth participants three of whom are male and seven female share their concerns and desires about issues relating to their cultural identity. As a minority group in a predominantly Eurocentric society they are faced with cultural challenges, which influence their being namely: Racism and the pressure to assimilate.
The thesis adopts an African Centred Cultural Democracy approach: which proposes that African people must construct a 'new' African identity and must begin to perceive and interpret the world in its entirety from an African psychological, spiritual, and cultural frame of reference. This approach requires an ongoing critical assesement of both subjective lived experience and objective conditions. Through the Ujamaa circle process the youth participants along with the facilitator examined challenges to their cultural identities and alternative liberatory options. Growing up in a culturally alienating Eurocentric culture, they felt the need for an African cultural space, in which they could explore issues affecting them as African descendants. In particular racism and assimilation were of major concern to them. They were of the opinion that there should be an ongoing African Cultural Education Program to facilitate cultural re-evaluation and continuity.
It is the study's conclusion that cultural education for a minority African migrant group in a dominant Eurocentric culture is essential for their identities and continued root-cultural connectedness. Within the African Cultural Education conceptual framework, in addition to African cultural re-evaluation, it is possible to critically explore oppressive and domineering practices of the mainstream culture. It is also possible that the African migrant youth may become equipped with alternative worldviews from an African perspective, which will enable him/her to make informed judgement and response towards inappropriate mainstream attitudes and values. Participation in the arena of cultural politics will therefore be based on informed practice.
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McIntosh, Irene Elizabeth. "Improving Child Welfare: African Canadian Youth's Postcare Options." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2454.
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Thousands of youth exit Ontario's Child Welfare System (CWS) each year and perform poorly after returning to the community. However, understanding African Canadian youths' perspectives about their experiences and needs was problematic because no outcome data was available in the Canadian database. Using a phenomenological design grounded in a constructivist framework, the purpose of this study was to explore the meaning(s) that African Canadian youth ascribed to positive outcomes on exiting the CWS. A purposeful sample included 10 participants (6 females and 4 males, ranging in age from 19-24). The data collection method was face-to-face interviews with hand coding used to transcribe the data. Inductive analysis of themes and member checking ensured the trustworthiness of the interpretations. The 9 resulting themes related to concerns about their stay in care, as well as readiness for exiting CWS successfully: in-care instability (multiple foster homes and changes), unpreparedness for the transition, counselling/lack of counselling, behavioral management, education, maintaining motivation homelessness, shelter living, extended care connections, Extended Care and Maintenance (ECM), and Youth Voice in decision making. These themes represented issues that African Canadian youth believed would improve transitioning from CWS to independent living, particularly in negotiating community connections and resources. Social change can occur when policy makers and stakeholders acknowledge the problems and special needs of these youth by implementing the resources, services, and supportive programs to assure continuity of care and more successful outcomes.
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Foubister, Caroline Ann. "Navigating their way : African migrant youth and their experiences of schooling in Cape Town." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6691.
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Thesis (MEd)-- University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Migration has been described as “the quintessential experience” of the contemporary period (Berger, 1984). Across the world this global phenomenon has been chiefly driven by conflict, persecution and poverty resulting from destabilisation in the various home countries of millions of individuals. Within the process of worldwide migration, South Africa receives perhaps the largest number of asylum seekers in the world and according to the UNHCR (2010) the majority of migrants entering South Africa are children or youth. Crucially, this increased migration into South Africa is occurring at a time when the majority of South Africa's general populace is still struggling with the aftermath of apartheid and increased levels of poverty and unemployment. In this qualitative, interpretative study I focus on how a group of 20 African migrant youth that live in Cape Town and attend one local school engage with the migratory experience and navigate their way through local receiving spaces. I assert that these spaces, which include both home and school, mark the youth in very particular ways and bring into focus key aspects of identity, culture, social worlds, imagination and aspiration. The main conceptual contribution of the thesis is the idea that we are all migrants in the current world, whether we physically move or whether our lives are moved by the impact of increasing global flows. Consequently, we need to develop, it is argued, a frame of thinking that makes the migrant central, not ancillary, to historical process. For that purpose I utilise the theoretical lenses of Pierre Bourdieu, Arjun Appadurai, and Tara Yosso to argue that the African migrant youth in the study are not passive recipients bombarded by the forces of globalization and migration, but are active agents in the shaping of their local realities. By linking individual biographies to the questions they raise about larger global, social and historical forces I attempt to offer a temporalized account of late-modern life that incorporates the contemporary conditions that the African migrant youth face as they navigate urban social arrangements, and the daily educational challenges of their local school. A further contribution of the thesis is the documenting of the particular internal and external resources that the 20 African migrant youth drew on to motivate and assist them to navigate their schooling and social lives, as they faced up to the growing uncertainties of their new "foreign‟ spaces.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Migrasie is al beskryf as “die wesenservaring” van die moderne tyd (Berger, 1984). Oral ter wêreld word hierdie globale verskynsel hoofsaaklik aangedryf deur konflik, vervolging en armoede wat die gevolg is van destabilisasie in die onderskeie lande van herkoms van miljoene mense. Binne die wêreldwye migrasieproses is Suid-Afrika die land wat waarskynlik die grootste getal asielsoekers ter wêreld ontvang, en volgens die Verenigde Nasies se hoëkommissaris vir vlugtelinge (UNHCR, 2010) vorm kinders of jeugdiges die grootste groep migrante wat Suid-Afrika binnekom. Wat van kardinale belang is, is dat hierdie toenemende migrasie na Suid-Afrika plaasvind op ʼn tydstip waarop die meerderheid van Suid-Afrika se breë bevolking steeds worstel met die nalatenskap van apartheid en verhoogde vlakke van armoede en werkloosheid. Hierdie kwalitatiewe, kwasi-interpretatiewe studie fokus op die wyse waarop ʼn groep van 20 jeugdige Afrika-migrante, wat in Kaapstad woon en dieselfde plaaslike skool bywoon, migrasie-ervarings hanteer en hulle weg deur die plaaslike ontvangsruimtes baan. Ek voer aan dat hierdie ruimtes, wat sowel die huis as die skool insluit, 'n baie duidelike stempel op jeugdiges laat en die aandag op sleutelaspekte van identiteit, kultuur, maatskaplike wêrelde, voorstellings en strewes vestig. Die hoof- konseptuele bydrae van die tesis is die gedagte dat ons almal in vandag se wêreld migrante (van welke aard ook al) is, of ons nou fisiek verskuif en of die impak van toenemende wêreldwye strominge verskuiwings in ons lewe veroorsaak. Daarom, word daar geredeneer, moet ons ʼn denkraamwerk ontwikkel wat die idee van die “migrant” sentraal tot die historiese proses stel, eerder as ondergeskik daaraan. Vir dié doel gebruik ek die teoretiese lense van Pierre Bourdieu, Arjun Appadurai en Tara Yosso om aan te voer dat die jeugdige Afrika-migrante in die studie nie passiewe ontvangers is wat deur die kragte van globalisering en migrasie rondgeslinger word nie, maar dat hulle aktiewe agente is wat hulle plaaslike werklikhede self kan vorm. Deur individuele lewensverhale te koppel aan die vrae wat dit oor groter globale, maatskaplike en historiese kragte laat ontstaan, bied ek ʼn getemporaliseerde weergawe van die laat-moderne lewe, met inbegrip van die eietydse omstandighede wat jeugdige Afrika-migrante in die gesig staar namate hulle hul weg deur die stedelik-maatskaplike organisasie moet vind, asook van die daaglikse opvoedkundige uitdagings van hulle plaaslike skool. Verder lewer hierdie tesis ʼn bydrae deur die interne en eksterne hulpbronne te dokumenteer wat hierdie 20 jeugdige Afrika-migrante gebruik het om hulle te motiveer en te help om hulle skool- en maatskaplike lewe te rig namate hulle die toenemende onsekerhede van hulle nuwe, “uitlandse” ruimtes moes aandurf.
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James, Katherine E. "Intraracial, intergenerational conflict and the victimization of African American adults by African American youth." ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/835.
Full textAbstract:
Black on Black victimization amongst inner-city African American youth is a well-documented phenomenon. Less understood are the shared lived experiences of inner-city, middle-aged African Americans who have been victims of crimes perpetrated by African American youth. The purpose of this study was to understand the lived, shared experience of this population. Social ecological theory, psychological sense of community, and crisis theory served as the theoretical frameworks for the study. A qualitative method of phenomenological inquiry was used to gain insight into the meaning ascribed to the victimization experiences, as well as the resulting thoughts, beliefs, attitudes, and life-impacting implications. In-person, audio-taped, semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 victimized, middle-aged African Americans. Data were analyzed using Moustakas' method of data analysis. The study produced seven major themes: (a) physical, psychological, and emotional responses; (b) coping, (c) hopelessness, (d) betrayal, (e) traditional values, (f) societal issues, and (g) disengaged acceptance. The data analysis indicated that African Americans residing in this metropolitan location struggle with myriad intraracial and intergenerational challenges; approaches to addressing the challenges were reflected in the seven major themes. The results of this study may contribute to an enhanced understanding of the effects of intraracial, intergenerational victimization, leading to the ability of the mental health community to effectively address the physical, psychological, and emotional outcomes of this victimization experience. This study may also lead to a decrease in mental health related issues and costs, as well as serve as a catalyst for conversation amongst stakeholders.
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Asiedu-Acquah, Emmanuel. ""And still the Youth are coming": Youth and popular politics in Ghana, c. 1900-1979." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467195.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation explores the significance of the youth in the popular politics of 20th-century Ghana. Based on two and half years of archival and field research in Ghana and Britain, the dissertation investigates the political agency of the youth, especially in the domains of youth associations, student politics, and popular culture. It also examines the structural factors in the colonial and postcolonial periods that shaped youth political engagement, and how youth worked within and without these structural frames to shape popular politics. I argue that youth-centered politics has been a motive force in Ghanaian popular politics. It opened up space for subalterns to be important players in colonial politics especially as catalysts of anti-colonial nationalism. In the post-colonial period, youth politics, mostly in the form of university students’ political activism, articulated public interests and was a bulwark against the authoritarianism of civilian and military governments. The dissertation charts the changing manifestations of Ghanaian youth political identity and formation from the early 1900s, when Britain completed its formal imposition of colonial rule on the territory that is present-day Ghana, to the political crisis of the late 1970s in which students and youth played crucial roles. The dissertation is a corrective to elite-focused accounts of political developments in Ghana’s history. It establishes youths as historically significant players who have shaped the country’s political ideas, values and practices. The dissertation also contributes to the renewed and growing focus on intergenerational relations, generational identity, and youth in scholarship on Africa.History
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van, Rooyen Christofer. "Narratives as coping mechanisms among youth offenders in a South African youth correctional facility." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65616.
Full textAbstract:
The dissertation is concerned with narratives, especially narratives told to me by incarcerated youth offenders at a Correctional Centre in the Western Cape, South Africa. My own position within the research study is motivated by the fact that I had been working in a correctional setting for over a decade and had started to question my position as a correctional official. The main study finding indicates that narrative structures assist Christian converts in adapting to the correctional setting and to the reality of being re-incorporated into life outside prison. The problem statement of my dissertation reads is as follows. What insights do narrated stories of incarcerated offenders offer, as we think about the ways in which youth offenders cope with the life in prison? I am arguing that in the narratives under examination prison, as an institution, seems to fulfil the role of provider. One of the positions taken in the research is that the narrated life stories do not only reflect psychological coping mechanisms for individuals, but also reveal important aspects of coping with social relationships and institutional contexts. The non-probability sampling approach was used to select the research participants. Data was collected using unstructured in-depth interviews. The study is qualitative in nature, using the inductive content analysis approach. In exploring the raw data sets, I learned that social relations between participants provide meaning in the study context. Study findings contribute to the broader debate on incarcerated offenders and conversion narratives. The study is important because narratives provide some insight into the present, past and future life of participants. The researcher recommends that the offenders’ narrated life stories can serve as a basis for developing sentence plans which may contribute to the rehabilitation process of offenders.Dissertation (MSocSci)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Anthropology and Archaeology
MSocSci
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Irvin, Matthew J. Farmer Thomas W. "Protective factors for aggression in rural African American youth." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,586.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Education." Discipline: Education; Department/School: Education.
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Morkel, Salomi. "Barriers to hope and resilience for South African youth." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76732.
Full textAbstract:
This qualitative study forms part of a longitudinal study by the Centre for the Study of
Resilience at the University of Pretoria. The RYSE (Resilient Youth in Stressed
Environments) research project aims to study the resilience of youth dependant on the
petro-chemical industry living in Embalenhle. In this study youth between the ages of
15 and 25 is the focus of the study. This specific study was aimed at describing barriers
to hope and resilience for South African youth.
The epistemology of interpretivism was followed and the research methodology used
was that of a descriptive case study. I collected data by draw, write and tell activities
and analysed transcribed discussions of these activities. By using inductive thematic
analysis similar responses by participants were highlighted and grouped into themes
and sub-themes to find rich descriptions of how youth living in the petro-chemical
industry of Embalenhle describe hope and barriers to hope. Two main themes were
identified with six subthemes and 15 categories.
From the findings I determined that hope is described by youth as optimism and
supportive pathways to hope. Barriers to hope are community influence, the self, the
petro-chemical industry and poverty.
As conclusion I recommended that future research focus on whether individuals have
the ablity to identify barriers to hope as well as having strategies to overcome these
barriers. In practise workshops to empower youth to identity and utilise sources of
hope can be considered.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Educational Psychology
MEd
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Bonaparte, Rachel. "REPRESENTATION OF AFRICAN AMERICAN YOUTH IN MENACE II SOCIETY." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1294519752.
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Agaba, Gary. "Perspectives of managers regarding the effectiveness of programmes at Nerina one stop youth justice centre for addressing yout re-offending." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1460.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to explore and describe causes of re-offending and the management’s perspective of the effectiveness of programmes being implemented at Nerina One Stop Youth Justice Centre in dealing with re-offenders. Youth re-offending involves breaking of the law and crime. Offending if repeated then develops to be re-offending which is the breaking of the law more than once and this is a dilemma in South Africa as the increase of crime is a challenging issue. A qualitative approach was utilized following an exploratory, descriptive research design as the researcher sought to understand the perspective of the managers at Nerina regarding causes of re-offending and the effectiveness of the intervention programmes aimed at addressing this phenomenon. The researcher conducted face to face interviews with the mangers at Nerina One Stop Youth Justice Centre. For the purpose of this study the population was the total complement of the management staff at the One Stop Youth Justice Centre, this included the personnel of the departments of Justice, Social Development, and South African Police Service who are all involved in rendering services at Nerina. The method of data collection was one on one semi structured interviews and data analysis undertaken according to the steps for qualitative data analysis as proposed by Tesch in Creswell (1994). Guba’s model (Krefting, 1991) was employed for assessing the trustworthiness of the qualitative data. Some of the important findings included the causes of re-offending which included loss of parents, alcohol and drug abuse, inadequate parent role, role of peers and inadequate facilities. Further more from the study suggestions for improving programmes at the One Stop Youth Justice Center were discussed and these include involvement of community, involve more role players, training staff and increasing staff.
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Griffin, Karen E. "Empowering African-American youth, 9--12, through moral character education." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1998. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/AAIDP14669.
Full textAbstract:
This project that was designed to enhance the development of moral character of African-American children, ages nine to twelve (9-12). For purposes of this dissertation, moral development and character development are used interchangeably. A curriculum was developed for children and one for parents to assist them to help young people reach their potential in regard to moral character development. The underlying principles of the study were moral character, spiritual formation, and faith development. The major premise of the project was that if children feel good about themselves and feel a connection to God, then people will behave better, love themselves and God, and they will make better decisions to negotiate life.
This pilot study was conducted at two urban churches. There was a total of 35 children participating in the study, and there were 38 parent participants. The training took place over a sixteen-week period. The results of the study indicate that there was a significant increase in self-esteem among the children. Additionally, findings from the behavioral scale demonstrated a significant positive change in behavior among children. There was also a significant improvement of the parents' level of contentment with their children.
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Everatt, David, and Mark Orkin. "'Growing up tough': A national survey of South African youth." Joint Enrichment Project, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65862.
Full textAbstract:
The Community Agency for Social Enquiry (CASE) was commissioned by the Joint Enrichment Project (JEP) to undertake research for the National Youth Development Conference. The research programme had three components:the compilation of a computerised and annotated youth database, comprising domestic research into youth, and the extraction of five policy papers covering the areas of education, employment-creation, AIDS, violence and social context, and historical context. an international comparative component, which focused on the youth brigades in Botswana, and the whole range of youth development initiatives taking place in Kenya and Uganda, covered in an additional two position papers. a national baseline and attitudinal survey into youth in South Africa. The results of all three components of the research project will be published in book form later this year. The summary reports of the local and international comparative policy papers are available in a separate booklet. This is the report of the national survey into youth in South Africa. Aims of the survey The survey has four main aims: demographic: to accurately describe how many youth are in the different parts of South Africa, how many are in or out of school or work, and so on. attitudinal: to allow youth to express their views on a range of social, economic, political and personal issues.to analyse youth marginalisation: to scientifically analyse and describe the marginalisation of youth within South African society. programmatic: to provide results which directly assist organisations designing programmes which target youth. Designing the survey The survey was designed by the CASE senior research team of Professor Mark Orkin, Director of C A S E; Dr David Everatt, Deputy Director of CASE and project co-ordinator; and Dr Ros Hirschowitz, Specialist Researcher at C A S E. The design process was lengthy and complex, because the aims of the survey were complicated. As a first step, CASE gathered together existing youth research and survey data, in order to see what we could learn from them. We then convened a design workshop to assist us. Participants in the C A S E national youth survey for JEP 1 workshop comprised people who had experience with youth, or with survey design. They included John Aitchison (CASE and the Centre for Adult Education, University of Natal), Debbie Budlender (CASE and the National Women's Coalition), Dr Jannie Hofmeyr (Research Surveys), Ms Vanessa Kruger and Professor Ari Sitas (University of Natal), Ms Anne Letsebe (SABSWA), Mr Steve Mokwena (JEP), Mr Rory Riordan (Human Rights Trust) and Dr Jeremy Seekings (University of Cape Town). We also needed input from the youth themselves. Discussion groups with youth (called 'focus groups') were held with youth from Alexandra and Soweto, from Ciskei and the eastern Cape, from Bophuthatswana and the northern transvaal, from Chatsworth and Claremont in Durban, and elsewhere. We reached youth from cities, squatter camps, towns and rural areas. The focus groups were organised by C A S E and Research Surveys, a professional market research company. The youth told us what their concerns were, what their aspirations and fears were, and what interventions they felt are necessary to improve their lives. CASE then designed a draft survey. We had to try it out (called 'piloting') to find out if the survey tapped the youth's actual views and experiences, and so give the JEP the information they sought. The survey was piloted on a representative sample of 100 youth (aged between 16 and 30) by Research Surveys. Using the results of the focus groups and the pilots, the CASE research team then produced the final questionnaire, which went into the field in November/December 1992.
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Lungana, Siyabulela Thanduxolo. "An African youth perspective on missional ecclesiology; a Methodist reflection." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75260.
Full textAbstract:
Missional church is not a new concept that is going around, however it is only recent that it has begun to be place more in the forefront in the context of the church. In this happening also, especially in the traditional mainline churches, there have been some gaps that have been left over, the most prevalent of those gaps being that of young people and how things relate to them.
This study aims to show the state of missional church from the perspective of young African people in the context of the Methodist Church of Southern Africa.
A comprehensive literature review is tabled in this study, which displays what exactly missional church entails and how it can be implemented.
The study continues to table the MCSA as missional church and the components thereof referring back to some of the teachings and practices of the founder of Methodism, John Wesley.
We continue on to investigating the state of youth ministry in the missional church; reflecting on this from the general African state and then narrowing the reflection down to the MCSA. In that section as well, the latest developments in the MCSA are tabled as well.
The study continues to table the aspects of missional church that are ascribed to by the youth in the church; a case study of implementation there is tabled as well.
The role of the youth pastor and local preacher as driver is tabled in the study as well and a brief reflection is made on that as well stipulating the key roles of the offices.
The study concludes with an integration of all the chapters into the title and offers a brief conclusion and recommendations.Dissertation (MTheology)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Science of Religion and Missiology
MTheology
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Starker, Sharla. "Youth perspectives on their mother's influence and their relationship among crime-involved African-American male youth." Connect to resource, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/37046.
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Kasongo, Atoko Haydee AH. "Youth wage subsidy as a possible solution to youth unemployment in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4062.
Full textAbstract:
South Africa is characterised by its high and persistent level of unemployment, in particular
among the youth. The high youth unemployment is attributed to various reasons, ranging
from their lack of work experience, skills mismatch to employment and wage rigidities. The
South African government proposed the youth wage subsidy to be implemented in 2011, with
the primary aim of solving the youth unemployment problem. This study starts by providing a
literature review on the youth labour market trends since the transition; it emerged that there
is a lack of studies focusing exclusively on how youths fare in the labour market. Next, the
demographic and educational attainment characteristics of the youth narrow labour force,
employed and narrow unemployed are analysed under the narrow or strict definition, using
the 1995-1999 October Household Surveys (OHSs), the 2000-2007 Labour Force Surveys
(LFSs) and the 2008-2011 Quarterly Labour Force Surveys (QLFSs). With regard to
unemployed youths, it is found that they are more likely to be blacks, without Matric and have
never worked before. The main causes of youth unemployment are then discussed in detail,
before the thesis moves on to examine the various active and passive labour market policies
that could help to address the youth unemployment problem. The possible pros and cons of
the youth wage subsidy, one of the active policies and the focus of this study, are discussed in
greater detail. In particular, the claim by institutions such as COSATU that the introduction of
the subsidy would lead to elderly workers (who are not subsidised) being replaced by the
youth workers (who are subsidised) is not entirely correct, as these two groups of workers
could be complementary instead of substitutes, and the introduction of the subsidy
programme could result in an increase of demand for both elderly and youth workers. It is
concluded that, although the youth wage subsidy could be one of the feasible solutions to
stimulate demand for youth labour, it is not sufficient to address youth unemployment. It
needs to be complemented by the other policies, such as a job search subsidy (targeting
discouraged work seekers) and public employment programmes (e.g. Expanded Public Works
Programme); but it is most important to note that these policies could only be fully effective if
the root causes of youth unemployment are addressed by the government.Magister Economicae - MEcon
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Kasongo, Atoko Haydee. "Youth wage subsidy as a possible solution to youth unemployment in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4069.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Commercii - MComSouth Africa is characterised by its high and persistent level of unemployment, in particular among the youth. The high youth unemployment is attributed to various reasons, ranging from their lack of work experience, skills mismatch to employment and wage rigidities. The South African government proposed the youth wage subsidy to be implemented in 2011, with the primary aim of solving the youth unemployment problem. This study starts by providing a literature review on the youth labour market trends since the transition; it emerged that there is a lack of studies focusing exclusively on how youths fare in the labour market. Next, the demographic and educational attainment characteristics of the youth narrow labour force, employed and narrow unemployed are analysed under the narrow or strict definition, using the 1995-1999 October Household Surveys (OHSs), the 2000-2007 Labour Force Surveys (LFSs) and the 2008-2011 Quarterly Labour Force Surveys (QLFSs). With regard to unemployed youths, it is found that they are more likely to be blacks, without Matric and have never worked before. The main causes of youth unemployment are then discussed in detail, before the thesis moves on to examine the various active and passive labour market policies that could help to address the youth unemployment problem. The possible pros and cons of the youth wage subsidy, one of the active policies and the focus of this study, are discussed in greater detail. In particular, the claim by institutions such as COSATU that the introduction of the subsidy would lead to elderly workers (who are not subsidised) being replaced by the youth workers (who are subsidised) is not entirely correct, as these two groups of workers could be complementary instead of substitutes, and the introduction of the subsidy programme could result in an increase of demand for both elderly and youth workers. It is concluded that, although the youth wage subsidy could be one of the feasible solutions to stimulate demand for youth labour, it is not sufficient to address youth unemployment. It needs to be complemented by the other policies, such as a job search subsidy (targeting discouraged work seekers) and public employment programmes (e.g. Expanded Public Works Programme); but it is most important to note that these policies could only be fully effective if the root causes of youth unemployment are addressed by the government.
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Peake, Laura Ann. "The Manassas Industrial School for Colored Youth, 1894-1916." W&M ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625943.
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Katz, Itamar. "South Africa youth and HIV/AIDS : evaluating responses." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613810.
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Dlamini, Zawadi. "The exploitation of youth athletes in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65643.
Full textAbstract:
The likes of Hansie Cronje, Francois Steyn and Benni McCarthy have all paved a way for young athletes to fulfill their dreams of representing their countries at the highest level at young ages. The journey to stardom for ambitious youth athletes is one filled with many obstacles. For many of them the journey begins at schools or training academies. In this journey they will be confronted with the pressure of playing for successful sporting schools which adopt strict training regiments; ones resembling that of professional teams. They will be required to diligently commit themselves to their coaches’ onerous demands while simultaneously maintaining adequate academic grades. Many of them will have to maneuver past behaviour which infringes their constitutional rights and essentially amounts to abuse. The road to success is a tough and lonely one for many of these athletes. Given the psychological and emotional immaturity of a child, should this road that a youth athlete embarks on, in pursuit of a better life, be filled with better protection by the law? The object of this study is to investigate whether youth athletes in South Africa are economically exploited. This inquiry will involve an examination of the current position of school sport and whether the position of a youth athlete can be equated to that of a professional athlete. The relationship in which youth clubs and academies have with youth athletes will also be considered together with any possible abuse that such athletes may be susceptible to, including human trafficking. The investigation is conducted with reference to relevant legislation, comments of authors and case law. The dissertation concludes by submitting that youth athletes are susceptible to economic exploitation and various other forms of abuse. It is recommended that the law be developed to accommodate the sui generis needs of youth athletes and that the State, together with the relevant sporting associations, adopt a unified approach in ameliorating any threats posed towards these children.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Private Law
LLM
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Mutuku, Christine Mwongeli. "Youth Perspectives on their Empowerment in sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Kenya." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1305816497.
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Buchanan, Mariah Spann. "Educating black youth moral principles through black art." Click here to access dissertation, 2008. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2008/mariah_s_buchanan/buchanan_mariah_s_200801_edd.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ed.D.)--Georgia Southern University, 2008."A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Education." Under the direction of Ming Fang He. ETD. Electronic version approved: May 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-215) and appendices.
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Moellenberg, Tamara. "Fictions of youth : childness in selected West African novels, 1991-2009." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e6d5c1a6-2aa3-43c0-822e-0087c3d4a2fe.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines child figures in Anglophone West African novels by Ben Okri, Chris Abani, Uzodinma Iweala, Delia Jarrett-Macauley, Helen Oyeyemi, and Yaba Badoe. A "child" here is defined as a human person under age 18 and is referred to using the term childness, drawing from the work of children's literature scholar Peter Hollindale. The thesis begins by reviewing some of the ways literary scholars have discussed images of childness in West African novels to date, exploring common themes such as "Empire," "nationhood" and "identity." The next three chapters, then, seek to move beyond some of these established readings. Chapter 1 investigates Ben Okri's "Azaro" in The Famished Road (1991) as a means of exploring aspects of the artist's creative life. Okri's child figure, I propose, shares much in common with the "artist" from his earlier fictions, Flowers and Shadows (1980) and The Landscapes Within (1981). Chapter 2, similarly, considers the way in which child figures have a versatile function in Chris Abani's Song for Night (2007), Uzodinma Iweala's Beasts of No Nation (2005), and Delia Jarrett-Macauley's Moses, Citizen and Me (2005), propping up an implicit argument in favor of humanitarian intervention in civil war. Yet here the thesis also considers some of the downsides to children's instrumentalization: Jarrett-Macauley and Iweala depersonalize the child figure in their fictions, I argue. The child is drained of a convincing sense of an individuality and agency of his or her own. Chapter 3 continues to explore the figure of the child as a complex and multivalent symbol. However, it finds that Helen Oyeyemi's The Icarus Girl (2005) and Yaba Badoe's True Murder (2009) do not disavow children's personhood, as Iweala and Jarrett-Macauley appear to do. Rather, the "otherness" of children, which is explored in their novels alongside the alterity of black persons, cultural minorities, and women, helps to draw attention to the agency of children. That is to say, Oyeyemi and Badoe show us children as subversive, contributing their own social meanings to the category of "youth," even whilst they are passively constructed or "othered" by adults in the novels. As an additional concern, the thesis also examines how authors have recourse to western conceptions of childness, not only to the traditions of their native countries, as we might as expect. The goal throughout is to highlight the child as a multifunctional figure, while also bringing attention to several specific ways in which African child figures function, including as a means of exploring human creativity, of arguing implicitly for more humanitarian involvement in African civil wars, and of establishing the full extent of the migrant's "outsiderness" in the space(s) of diaspora.
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Nebergall, Michelle L. "Understanding Perceptions Of Risk Among Youth In A South African Township." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1403102512.
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Kegel, Terry. "Effect of the Zionist youth movement on South African Jewry negotiating a South African, Jewish, and Zionist identity in the mid-20th century /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/670.
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Mpini, Buyiswa Sylvia. "The perceptions and experiences of out-of-school youth regarding youth services in KwaZakhele." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/667.
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This research study has been conducted to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of out-of-school youth regarding their access to the youth services available to them. A qualitative approach is followed and an exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design is utilized. The sample of the study was procured by means of purposive sampling. Data were collected by means of focus group discussions which were conducted using a questioning guide. Data were analysed according to the steps for qualitative data analysis provided by Tesch in Creswell (1994). To ensure the trustworthiness of the research findings, Guba’s model in Krefting (1991) was employed. The research findings were verified against the existing body of knowledge in order to compare and contrast the themes and sub-themes that emerged from the process of data analysis. The main themes that emerged from the study are lack of knowledge regarding available services, Needs or desires of out-of-school youth, hindrances or obstacles to access available youth services, suggestions for services relevant to needs of out-of-school youth and suggestions to make out-of-school youth aware of available services.
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Coles, Gregory E. "Developing ethical leadership in youth to reduce violence among them a resource for the church and society /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Sipuka, Msingathi. "Evolution of the African National Congress Youth League: from "freedom in our lifetime" to "economic freedom in our lifetime"." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020832.
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The 1994 democratic elections heralded a significant change in South Africa‟s political and social landscapes. This historic moment, and the subsequent democratic developmental processes that unfolded aimed at laying the foundations for a democratic state, were the culmination of a long history of struggle by the Black majority, in alliance with other social forces, against colonialism and apartheid. One of the significant social forces that emerged as part of this struggle against racial oppression was the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL). It is argued that the two most important developments in South African politics during the 1940‟s were the emergence of the African National Congress Youth League and the consolidation of its influence on the ANC leadership. The African National Congress Youth League was formed against the background of very distinct circumstances, the first being the worsening economic conditions for the growing African working class and the declining African peasantry. The second was the inability of the African National Congress to respond to the material challenges confronted by the African majority, because of its leadership and organisational weaknesses. The political programme of the ANCYL was rallied under the ideological auspices of African Nationalism, and its organisational programme under the articulated need to build a mass based and campaigning organisation. With a very strong leadership, the ANCYL was able to, within five years, assert its leadership and authority in the ANC with key elements of its manifesto forming significant parts of the ANC Programme. This culminated into the rise of the generational theme of the ANC Youth League of “Freedom in our Lifetime”. Essentially freedom was conceived as the abolishment of formal apartheid, and the delivery of a democratic South Africa. Formal democracy became a reality in South Africa in 1994 and at the helm of the ANC and the new government was the ANC Youth League generation of the 1940‟s. This generation had over fifty years struggled for freedom and 1994 represented the formal victory over apartheid and the attainment of a generational mission. The ushering in of formal democracy in 1994 heightened the expectations of the black majority in terms of its elevation from a point of view of its existing socio-economic realities. Close to twenty years after the end of formal apartheid the reality has been less than satisfactory in terms of addressing these socio-economic realities. What has been observed on the contrary is an increase in key measures such inequality and unemployment. Subsequent to that has been a less than satisfactory performance in the area of economic transformation which has been seen as a critical limiting factor in addressing the legacies of apartheid, particularly among the black majority. These limits to transformation have resulted in discontentment among the majority, claiming that democracy has not yielded to any significant changes in their material lives. The discontentment has been particularly proliferated among the youth, who bear the brunt of social challenges such as unemployment. The ANC Youth League, has had to confront the reality of being of a youth league of a governing party and balancing that with the social discontentment that has developed among South African, particularly the youth, as a result of perceived lack of social transformation. In balancing these two realities, the ANC Youth League has found itself at the centre of South African politics similarly to the 1940s generation of ANC Youth League leaders of the Youth League who had been mobilised under the theme of “Freedom in our Lifetime”. The contradictions within the ANC, of which the ANC Youth League has found itself at the centre of, and the need to become a socially relevant political force have culminated into the birth of a generational theme led by the ANC Youth League of “Economic Freedom in our Lifetime”.
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Ouedraogo, Lassane. "Muslim Youth at a Crossroads: Media and Civic Engagement in Burkina Faso." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou157547720848127.
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Carew, Joanne. "The power of peers: mobile youth culture, homophily and informal learning among a group of South African youth." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23428.
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Popular notions of "net generations" and "digital natives" have already been subject to sustained academic critique. This dissertation builds on such critiques by documenting the local practices and distinctive mobile literacies of a group of young people in South Africa. These young people (ages 13-17, n=18) were asked how they were learning about and using ICTs. The sample lived in Makhaza, Khayelitsha, and were members of a non-profit youth development organisation, Ikamva Youth, participating in beginner coding classes. This study explored what they had already learned about ICTs from their networks of close interpersonal relationships (n=133) and asked them how they felt about their own ICT knowledge, as well as the ICT skills of those around them. Unlike their wealthier counterparts, such young people do not have ubiquitous Internet connectivity, ease of access to consumer electronics or many opportunities to learn about computers in particular. Yet, rather than being stuck on the wrong side of a 'digital divide' or waiting passively for government to fulfil broken promises about digital literacy in schools, they were actively pursuing knowledge about ICTs and mobiles in particular. They demonstrated distinctive 'mobile-centric' repertoires, fostered through learning about ICTs from their strong ties. This gave rise to a distinctive mobile youth culture, shaped by race, class, and gender dynamics. Gendered biases and preoccupations, peer networks and technicities were particularly important. While this allows many creative and strategic appropriations of mobile technology, it also means that largely homophilous informal learning networks in part set the bounds of their learning. When most of what you're learning comes from your friends, it really matters who those friends are. Unsurprisingly, gaps in their digital literacies were apparent. In particular, their ability to fully participate in modern digital publics is curtailed. It remains essential to provide formal opportunities for young people to learn about ICTs at school, but also informally via a larger network of interpersonal relationships and communities of practice such as Ikamva Youth. Mobile technology presents many opportunities and suggests new approaches to digital literacy. Nonetheless, it seems likely that, given difficulties in accessing high status ICTs and bridging capital in particular, access and knowledge gaps will continue to disadvantage such young people.
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Abba, JoeBarth Ch [Verfasser]. "The Need for Basic Pastoral Formation for Youths in Africa : In Relation to Nigerian Youths of the 21. Century / JoeBarth Ch Abba." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://d-nb.info/1186576871/34.
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