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Ware, David M. "Securing the peace after civil war." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/March/09Mar%5FWare.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Middle East, South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Ear, Sophal ; Siegel, Scott N. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Civil War, Post-conflict Stabilization, Democratization, Democratization, Peacekeeping, Economic Development, Ethnic Conflict. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-89). Also available in print.
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Hall, Kenneth Estes, and Chritian Krug. "Noir Westerns after World War II." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/590.
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Excerpt: Towards the end of Ethan and Joel Coen's Academy-Award winning No Country for Old Men (2007), Carla Jean Moss's life depends on the toss of a coin. Heads or tails will decide whether she lives or dies.
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Randell, Karen Mary. "Hollywood and war : trauma in film after the First World War and the Vietnam War." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/50596/.
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This thesis examines war trauma in film; it is a comparative reading that aims to study the relationship between films made after the First World War in the 1920s and films made during and after the Vietnam War. I use thirteen focus film texts, some which explicitly engage with war and some that do not. This thesis will argue that the production of these particular films was inflected by the collective trauma that the wars produced in American society. There was not, for example, an explicit combat film made for seven years after the First World War and thirteen years after the Vietnam War. This gap, I will argue, is symptomatic of the cultural climate that existed after each war, but can also be understood in terms of the need for temporal space in which to assimilate the traumas of these wars. An engagement with recent debates in Trauma Theory will be utilised to explore this production gap between event and film, and to suggest that trauma exists not only within the narratives of these focus films but also within the production process itself. This thesis contributes significantly to recent debates in Trauma Studies. As it presents film history scholarship, First World War and Vietnam veteran experiences and archive newspaper research as compatible disciplines and uses the lens of trauma theory as a methodological thread and tool of analysis.
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Ahlswede, Stefan. "Israel's European policy after the Cold War." Baden-Baden Nomos, 2008. http://d-nb.info/99561962X/04.
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Gallegos, Frank. "After the Gulf War Balancing Spacepower's Development /." Maxwell AFB, Ala. : Air University Research Coordinator Office, 1998. http://www.au.af.mil/au/database/research/ay1995/saas/gallegf.htm.
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Barakat, Sultan. "Reviving war-damaged settlements : towards an international charter for reconstruction after war." Thesis, University of York, 1993. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4661/.
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This study is concerned with the issue of reviving settlements after war. It focuses on the formulation of reconstruction policies and programmes. The aim is not to propose ready made solutions but rather to identify a set of 'practical' and 'effective' reconstruction recommendations, that could in the future constitute a morally based international reconstruction philosophy. The problem we are addressing is that: Often, the task of rebuilding war-devastated settlements is seen entirely as a 'series of short-term quick fix projects'; carried out by central governments; and often imposed from above to serve 'hidden political agendas', with the ultimate result of the disaster of war being followed by the 'disaster of reconstruction '. The hub of this research is based on field investigations and literature studies and, is presented to support the following hypothesis: Settlement reconstruction should be an integral part of the nation-wide post-war development strategy, and within that reconstruction policies should foster the incremental learning process by the affected local communities. This dissertation sets out to understand the nature of armed conflicts and the complexity of reconstruction after war. It attempts to catalogue and discuss the different tasks involved in the process of reconstruction by establishing, from the available (cross-cultural) literature, a conceptual framework of some of the main planning and implementation issues and dilemmas. It then examines in detail the three cases of Iraq, Yemen and Belfast. Finally, it focuses on the concept of community participation In reconstruction which has widely been claimed to be the answer to many reconstruction problems. And concludes by: (1) drawing up a set of 'policy and practice' recommendations, that would enable 'careful' decision-makers, professionals and community leaders to ensure that the 'disaster of war' will not be followed by a 'catastrophe of reconstruction', and (2) 1aying the basis for an internationally respectable 'Charter for Reconstruction after War', that would help to involve governments and international bodies in the development and application of sound reconstruction policies, with the ultimate result of them being responsive to the needs of people. Both are translations of the insights gained from this research into practical solutions.
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Motta, Bárbara Vasconcellos de Carvalho. "War is peace : the US security discursive practices after the Cold War /." Marília, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157464.
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Orientador: Samuel Alves SoaresBanca: Cristina Soreanu Pecequilo
Banca: Carlos Gustavo Poggio Teixeira
Banca: Thiago Moreira de Souza Rodrigues
Banca: Stefano Guzzini
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"
Resumo: Como uma estrutura geral, o objetivo mais amplo desta tese é contribuir para o aprofundamento do debate em Relações Internacionais acerca da interconexão entre identidade e resultados políticos. Mais do que focar em como as articulações de uma identidade são realizadas por agentes específicos, esta tese está interessada em avançar o argumento de que a identidade "faz" alguma coisa e, portanto, tem através das práticas discursivas a capaacidade do que chamei de 'causalidadena- constituição'. Dessa forma, proponho a elaboração de um modelo para avaliar como os dispositivos de uma identidades podem ser mobilizados em contextos políticos, mais especificamente nos processos de tomada de decisão de política externa dos EUA. Neste sentido, através da avaliação dos casos empíricos da contrução das narrativas nos EUA para (des)legitimar as intervenções no Kosovo (1998/1999), a Guerra do Golfo (1999/1991), Afeganistão (2001) e Iraque (2003), apesar da intenção geral de desenvolver uma visão mais ampla do debate sobre política externa dos EUA após a Guerra Fria, esta tese também visa avaliar a força representacional da identidade como fonte de ordem para o âmbito nacional e propor um gradiente, de momentos de menor a maior insegurança ontológica, através dos quais pode-se visualizar a capacidade dos pontos de ancoragem da identidade para 'reassentar' a identidade e colocá-la de volta no lugar.
Abstract: As a general framework, the overall objective of this thesis is to further develop the interconnection between identity and political outcomes. More than focus on how articulations of identity are performed by specific agents, this thesis is interested in advance the argument that identity 'does' something and, therefore, has through discursive practices what I called a causality-in-constitution capacity. First, I propose a model to evaluate how identities' dispositions can be deployed in political contexts, more specifically in US foreign policy decision-making processes. In this sense, through the evaluation of the empirical cases of US narratives to legitimate the interventions in Kosovo (1998/1999), the Gulf War (1999/1991), Afghanistan (2001) and Iraq (2003), despite the general intention of this thesis to develop a bigger picture of the US foreign policy debate after the Cold War, it also aims at evaluating the representational force of identity as a source of national order and propose a gradient, from moments from less to more ontological insecurity, through which one can visualize identity's anchor points capacity to ground identity and put it back in place.
Resumen: Como una estructura general, el objetivo más amplio de esta tesis es contribuir a la profundización del debate en Relaciones Internacionales acerca de la interconexión entre identidad y resultados políticos. Más que enfocar en cómo las articulaciones de una identidad son realizadas por agentes específicos, esta tesis está interesada en avanzar el argumento de que la identidad "hace" algo y, por lo tanto, tiene a través de las prácticas discursivas la capa de lo que llamé de ' causalidad la constitución'. De esta forma, propongo la elaboración de un modelo para evaluar cómo los dispositivos de una identidad pueden movilizarse en contextos políticos, más específicamente en los procesos de toma de decisiones de política exterior de los Estados Unidos. En este sentido, a través de la evaluación de los casos empíricos de la construcción de las narrativas en los Estados Unidos para (des) legitimar las intervenciones en Kosovo (1998/1999), la Guerra del Golfo (1999/1991), Afganistán (2001) e Irak (2003), a pesar de la intención general de desarrollar una visión más amplia del debate sobre política exterior de los EE.UU. después de la Guerra Fría, esta tesis también pretende evaluar la fuerza representacional de la identidad como fuente de orden para el ámbito nacional y proponer un gradiente, de momentos de menor a mayor inseguridad ontológica, a través de los cuales se puede visualizar la capacidad de los puntos de anclaje de la identidad para 'reasentar' la identidad y colocarla d... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo)
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Ramuhala, Mashudu Godfrey. "Military Intervention in Africa after the Cold War." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4186.
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Thesis (MMil (Military Strategy))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Military intervention remains controversial when it happens, as well as when it fails to. Since the end of the Cold War, military intervention has attracted much scholarly interest, and it was demonstrated that several instances of the use of force or the threat to use force without Security Council endorsement were acceptable and necessary. Matters of national sovereignty are the fundamental principle on which the international order was founded since the Treaty of Westphalia. Territorial integrity of states and non-interference in their domestic affairs, remain the foundation of international law, codified by the United Nations Charter, and one of the international community’s decisive factors in choosing between action and non-intervention. Nonetheless, since the end of the Cold War matters of sovereignty and non-interference have been challenged by the emergent human rights discourse amidst genocide and war crimes. The aim of this study is to explain the extent to which military intervention in Africa has evolved since the end of the Cold War, in terms of theory, practice and how it unfolded upon the African continent. This will be achieved, by focusing on both successful and unsuccessful cases of military intervention in Africa. The unsuccessful cases being Somalia in 1992, Rwanda in 1994, and Darfur in 2003; and the successful cases being Sierra Leone in 2000 and the Comoros in 2008. The objective of this study is fourfold: firstly it seeks to examine the theoretical developments underpinning military intervention after the end of the Cold War; secondly, to describe the evolution of military intervention from a unilateral realist to a more multilateral idealist profile; thirdly, to demarcate the involvement in military intervention in Africa by states as well as organisations such as the AU and the UN and finally, discerning the contributions and the dilemmas presented by interventions in African conflicts and how Africa can emerge and benefit from military interventions. The intervention in Somalia produced a litmus test for post-Cold War interventions and the departure point for their ensuing evolution. Rwanda ensued after Somalia, illustrating the disinclination to intervene that featured during this episode. Darfur marked the keenness of the AU to intervene in contrast with the ensuing debates at the Security Council over naming the crime whether or not “genocide” was unfolding in Darfur. Positively though, the intervention by Britain in Sierra Leone and the AU intervention in the Comoros are clear illustrations of how those intervening, were articulate in what they intend to do and their subsequent success.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Militêre intervensie, of die afwesigheid daarvan wanneer nodig, bly ‘n twispunt binne internasionale verhoudinge. Namate die impak van die Koue Oorlog begin vervaag het, het militêre intervensie besonder prominent in die literatuur begin figureer en is soms so dringend geag dat dit soms sonder die goedkeuring van die Veiligheidsraad van die Verenigde Nasies (VN) kon plaasvind. Aspekte van nasionale soewereiniteit bly nietemin ‘n grondbeginsel van die internasionale orde soos dit sedert die Verdrag van Wesfale beslag gevind het. Territoriale integriteit van state en die beginsel van geen-inmenging in die binnelandse aangeleenthede van ‘n staat nie bly ook ‘n grondslag van die Internasionale Reg soos deur die VN erken word en dit rig steeds standpunte van die internasionale gemeenskap vir of teen intervensie. Sedert die einde van die Koue Oorlog het soewereiniteit en beginsel van geen-intervensie egter toenemende druk ervaar met groeiende klem op menseregte midde in ‘n opkomende diskoers oor volksmoord en oorlogsmisdade. Die klem van hierdie studie val op militêre intervensie en veral hoe dit na die Koue Oorlog ontvou het in terme van teorie en praktyk, in die besonder op die Afrikakontinent. Die bespreking wentel om suksesvolle en onsuksesvolle gevalle van militêre intervensie in Afrika. Die onsuksesvolle gevalle wat bespreek word is Somalië (1992), Rwanda (1994), en Darfur (2003). Die meer suksesvolle gevalle wat bespreek word is Sierra Leone (2000) en die Komoro Eilande in (2008). Die studie omvat vier aspekte van bespreking: eerstens, die teoretiese ontwikkelinge wat militêre intervensie na die Koue Oorlog onderlê, tweedens, die ewolusie van militêre intervensie vanaf ‘n eensydige realisme tot ‘n meer multilaterale idealistiese verskynsel, derdens, die betrokkenheid in militêre intervensie in Afrika deur state en organisasies soos die VN en Afrika-Unie (AU) en laastens, die bydraes en dilemmas van intervensies in Afrika. Die betrokkenheid in Somalië was ‘n kritieke toets vir intervensies na die Koue Oorlog en het baie stukrag verleen aan die daaropvolgende debat. Rwanda het die huiwerigheid ontbloot om in te gryp waar dit werklik nodig was. Darfur vertoon weer die gewilligheid van die AU om in te gryp in weerwil van lang debatte in die VN oor volksmoord en die gebeure in Darfur. Aan die positiewe kant figureer die Britse optredes in Sierra Leone en optredes deur ‘n AU-mag in die Komoro Eilande as gevalle wat toon hoe die vasberadenheid van partye om in te gryp en bedreigings in die kiem te smoor, suksesvolle militêre intervensies kan bevorder.
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Redmond, Daniel F. "American Persian Gulf policy after the Gulf War." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26349.
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American policy in the Persian Gulf since the end of the Gulf war has dangerously overemphasized military instruments to protect United States interests in the region. This military focus suggests that threats to American interests are external and visible. At the same time it neglects the challenges posed to U.S. interests by internal political upheaval in the pro-American regimes of the Gulf Cooperation Council and ignores the societal disruptions associated with modernizing societies. Despite their considerable oil wealth, these polities will be increasingly vulnerable to instability if the regimes in power continue their monopoly on political power. Moreover, the highly visible and active presence of American armed forces in the Gulf today intensifies the perception of the U.S. as an imperial super power and unknowingly threatens to undermine the stability of the GCC states by providing opposition groups with a powerful symbol with which to challenge the political status quo....Persian Gulf War, U.S. Persian Gulf Policy, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), Political Development in Arabian Peninsula, Modernization in Arabian Peninsula
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Pilbeam, Bruce. "Anglo-American conservative ideology after the Cold War." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15047/.
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This thesis sets out and examines the distinctive features of Anglo-American conservative ideology after the Cold War, in terms of its continuities with and differences from conservative doctrines of the past. The basic proposition explored is that despite conservatism's victory over socialism it too has been disoriented by the ending of the Cold War, and is possibly even exhausted as an ideology of contemporary relevance. Suggestions that conservatives have been left in a position of ideological hegemony are therefore questioned. A number of reasons are considered for supporting this belief: that the loss of their Cold War opponents has deprived conservatives of any distinctive purpose; that free market agendas are discredited by the critiques of ideologies such as communitarianism and environmentalism; and that traditional beliefs and values have been undermined by developments such as the spread of moral relativism. Moreover, the possibility is considered that the end of the Cold War has exacerbated tensions between varieties of conservatives - for example, free market and 'traditionalist' thinkers - because of the lack of common unifying purposes. The main body of the thesis is presented in two parts. Part I considers how the key traditional elements and themes of conservative ideology relate to the circumstances of the post-Cold War world, whilst Part 11 examines in detail its responses to a number of specific contemporary challenges. The purpose of this division is to facilitate a reflection upon the status of the ideas traditionally central to conservatism, together with an assessment of conservatives' abilities to engage with contemporary ideological developments.
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Mecum, Mark M. "Solving Alliance Cohesion: NATO Cohesion After the Cold War." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1180549294.
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Hall, Kenneth Estes. "Decision Time in Noir Westerns After World War II." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/451.
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Book Summary:Anlässlich seines 70. Geburtstags widmen rund 90 namhafte Schüler, Kollegen und Weggefährten aus Wissenschaft und Praxis dem Jubilar Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Peter Hommelhoff diese Festschrift zu seinen Ehren. Ihre zahlreichen Beiträge sind so vielseitig wie die Interessen des Jubilars, der mit seinem Wirken das deutsche und europäische Gesellschafts- und Bilanzrecht geprägt hat. Sie befassen sich u.a. mit aktuellen Fragestellungen aus: Aktienrecht, GmbHRecht, Konzernrecht, Corporate Governance, Rechnungslegung und europäischem Gesellschaftsrecht.
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Horn, Karen. "South African Prisoner-Of-War experience during and after World War II : 1939-c.1950." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71844.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis narrates and analyses the experiences of a sample of South Africans who were captured during the Second World War. The research is based on oral testimony, memoirs, archival evidence and to a lesser degree on secondary sources. The former prisoners-of-war (POW) who participated in the research and those whose memoirs were studied were all captured at the Battle of Sidi Rezegh in November 1941 or during the fall of Tobruk in June 1942. The aim of the research is to present oral and written POW testimony in order to augment the dearth of knowledge regarding South African POW historical experience. The scope of the research includes the decision to volunteer for the Union Defence Force, the experiences in North Africa, capture and initial experiences in the so-called ‘hell camps of North Africa’, the transportation to Italy and life in the Italian prison camps, events surrounding the Italian Armistice and the consequent escape attempts thereafter. For those POWs who did not escape, the experience of captivity continued with transport to Germany, experiences in German camps, including working in labour camps and the Allied bombing campaign. Lastly, the end of the war and the experience of liberation, which in most cases included forced marches, are dealt with before the focus turns once again towards South Africa and the experience of homecoming and demobilisation. The affective and intellectual experiences of the POWs are also investigated as their personal experience and emotions are presented and examined. These include the experience of guilt and shame during capture, the acceptance or non-acceptance of captivity, blame, attitudes towards the enemy and towards each other, as well as the experience of fear and hope, which was especially relevant during the bombing campaign and during periods when they were being transported between countries and camps. The thesis concludes with an analysis of the POW experience which looks at aspects relating to identity among South African POWs. The final conclusion is drawn that the POW identity took precedence over national identity. As a result of the strong POW identity and their desire for complete freedom and desire to claim individuality, the POWs did not, on the whole, display great interest in becoming involved in South African politics after the war even though many of them strongly disagreed with the Nationalist segregationist ideologies that claimed increasing support between 1945 and 1948.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis beskryf en ontleed die ervarings van dié Suid-Afrikaners wat tydens die Tweede Wêreldoorlog gevange geneem is. Die navorsing is gebaseer op mondelinge getuienis, memoires, argivale bewysmateriaal en, in ’n mindere mate, op sekondêre bronne. Die voormalige krygsgevangenes wat aan die navorsing deelgeneem het en wie se memoires bestudeer is, is almal in November 1941 by die Geveg van Sidi Rezegh of in Junie 1942 met die val van Tobruk gevange geneem. Die doel van die navorsing is om mondelinge en skriftelike getuienisse van krygsgevangenes aan te bied ten einde die gebrekkige kennis ten opsigte van Suid-Afrikaanse krygsgevangenes se historiese ervaring uit te brei. Die omvang van die navorsing sluit die besluit in om vrywillig diens te doen vir die Unie-verdedigingsmag, die ervarings in Noord-Afrika, gevangeneming en eerste ervarings in die sogenaamde “helkampe van Noord-Afrika”, die vervoer na Italië en lewe in die Italiaanse gevangeniskampe, gebeure rondom die Italiaanse wapenstilstand en die daaropvolgende ontsnappingspogings. Vir die krygsgevangenes wat nie ontsnap het nie, het die ervaring van gevangenskap voortgeduur deur vervoer na Duitsland, ervarings in Duitse kampe, waaronder strafkampe, en die bombarderings deur die Geallieerdes. Ten slotte word aandag gegee aan die einde van die oorlog en die ervaring van vryheid, wat in die meeste gevalle gedwonge marse behels het, voordat die fokus terugkeer na Suid-Afrika en die ervaring van tuiskoms en demobilisasie. Die affektiewe en intellektuele ervarings van die krygsgevangenes word ook ontleed, aangesien hul persoonlike ervarings en emosies ondersoek en aangebied word. Dit sluit die ervaring van skuld en skaamte tydens die gevangeneming in, die aanvaarding of nie-aanvaarding van gevangeskap, blaam, houdings teenoor die vyand en mekaar, sowel as die ervaring van vrees en hoop, wat veral belangrik was gedurende die bombarderingsveldtog en vervoer tussen lande en kampe. Die tesis sluit af met ’n ontleding van aspekte wat verband hou met identiteit onder die Suid- Afrikaanse krygsgevangenes. Die bevinding is dat die krygsgevangene-identiteit voorrang geniet het bo die nasionale identiteit. Verder het die sterk drang na volkome vryheid en die begeerte om hul individualiteit terug te kry daartoe gelei dat die voormalige krygsgevangenes na die oorlog oor die algemeen ’n ambivalensie jeens Suid-Afrikaanse politiek openbaar.
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Sävfors, Ragnar. "Great Britain after World War I & II: Studying the post-war sex-ratio imbalance." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132076.
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One significant demographic outcome of armed conflicts is the influence on the popu- lation sex ratio. The sex ratio in this study refer to number of men versus number of women. The 20th Century experienced a shift from armed conflicts with high num- bers of military casualties and few civilian losses, to an opposite relationship with lower numbers of military losses but instead large numbers of civilian causalities, with a more balanced mortality between the sexes. During World War I and partly during WorldWar II, increased mortality of young men left more women in the age ranges of the ca- sualties, creating excess cohorts of women. The reported sex ratios relating to the two world wars were extraordinary. Sex ratios allegedly declined in almost all combatant countries, but not in the non-combatant countries. The declines were significant and substantial, and have been incomparable to subsequent conflicts. The aim of this thesis is to study how mortality in the cohort of men who were most active in World War I andWorld War II contribute to the sex ratio imbalance at the population level. The stud- ied case will be England and Wales with the population effects from World War I andWorld War II. This is the first study that focuses deeply on this subject. Observations of the surviving soldier cohorts reveal an amplifying effect on the sex ratio imbalanceon the population level. The study here addresses another type of sex ratio; sex ratio in mortality. After a severely increased mortality sex ratio during the war years and a drop immediately after the wars, post-war development for both World War I and World War II, display a regained high mortality ratio between males and females.
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Dalvi, Sameera. "The Bundeswehr after unification." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340317.
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Landry, Karine. "Fall in Line: Canada’s Role in the Imperial War Graves Commission After the First World War." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37968.
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The Imperial (now Commonwealth) War Graves Commission (IWGC), founded during the 1917 Imperial War Conference, was the institution responsible for the British Empire’s war dead from the First World War. This thesis reveals Canada’s limited influence in establishing the IWGC and also during its early deliberations. This is in sharp contrast to standard historical views of Canada’s apparent national affirmation at home and abroad during the war.
This thesis argues that despite Canada’s initiatives for increased autonomy over military and political matters during the First World War, this desire for independence of action was absent when exploring the case study of the IWGC. Each Dominion had a delegate in the IWGC’s governing body and the cost of the care and maintenance of the Empire’s war graves was shared between Britain and the Dominions, proportionally to their number of war dead. Canada’s share was the largest amongst the Dominions. However, the innovative imperial structure reflected in the IWGC’s organization did not translate into any equality in decision-making regarding IWGC policies. British representatives preferred a unified imperial approach, suppressing Dominion voices, and Canada’s representative rarely objected. Given the importance of the subject of military burials for bereaved families, the Canadian government’s general lack of advocacy on their behalf demonstrates Canada’s imperial mindset, which in this case overshadowed burgeoning national assertion.
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Frost, Ken, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Soldier settlement after world war one in south western Victoria." Deakin University. School of Social and International Studies, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051125.102701.
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This thesis addresses the physical aspects of farming on soldier settlement blocks in south west Victoria. The undeveloped land, high establishment costs, stock losses through animal diseases and lack of managerial skills all contributed to the settlers' inability to meet their financial commitments. These factors are analysed, as are the effects of declining rural commodities prices during the 1920s and 1930s.
In addition, the relationship between the settlers and the successive administrative agencies is examined. The scheme was administered by the Closer Settlement Board from its inception until 1932 and much of the discussion during this period concerns the interaction between settler and inspector. Soldier settlement after World War One represented one of the last attempts to create a large body of 'yeoman' farmers. From the early 1920s there was an increasing dichotomy between the 'yeoman' and the 'managerial' ideologies. This dichotomy placed additional pressure on soldier settlers who were expected to be 'efficient' without adequate finances.
In the post C.S.B. era, the focus shifts to the attempts by the Closer Settlement Commission to salvage the scheme and its greater understanding of the problems faced by the settlers. While this part of the thesis necessarily becomes more political, the physical and financial environment in which the soldier settlers worked was still an important factor in their success or failure. Unlike the C.S.B. which tended to blame soldier settlers for their situation, the Commission acknowledged that settlers' ability to succeed was often constrained by circumstances beyond their control. Under the latter administration, instalments were written off, additional land was allocated and finally the blocks were revalued to guarantee the men at least some equity in their farms. Those settlers who had survived until these changes were instituted received a 'successful outcome of their life's work'.
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Kennedy-White, Joshua William. "Fragile friends : evaluating Sino-US engagement after the Cold War /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ark364.pdf.
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Kochenderfer, Mary Anne. "Music after war : therapeutic music programmes in Bosnia and Herzegovina." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1956.
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This thesis is a study of therapeutic music programmes in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina. This study focuses on how different participant groups perceive programme aims and benefits and what these different perceptions reveal about the programmes as well as ways in which the local context impacts the programmes. Analysis is based on data gathered through interviews, observation, participant observation, and questionnaires obtained during five fieldwork visits undertaken between November 2003 and November 2004. While all participant groups agree that the programmes are beneficial, there are important differences in the ways different participant groups perceive programme benefits and the different ways in which the programmes approach sessions. Constructions of therapy appear to differ both between programmes and between international and local staff. All participant groups identified improved client communication and social skills as primary session outcomes. Clients appear to be largely unaware of the therapeutic aims of their sessions. Parents appear to have little influence and are not always notified that their children are involved with the programmes. International staff members appear to be intolerant of parents who do not heed their advice or reinforce progress made during sessions. In addition to running therapeutic sessions, these programmes work to increase inter-ethnic tolerance and to improve the skills of other local professionals. Programme success appears to be hindered by uncertainties inherent in working in a post-war environment. Developed and largely influenced by internationals, the programmes also face uncertainty as to whether they possess the necessary local leadership and ownership for long-term sustainability. There is evidence that tensions within, between, and outwith the programmes limit programme potential. Many of these tensions appear to be tied to local-international relations within programmes, which are exacerbated by national local-international tensions. A funding shortage has contributed to a competitive rather than a cooperative relationship between programmes. As the first detailed study of post-war therapeutic music programmes, this study has the potential to impact similar work in other regions and provides a more informed backdrop against which judgements can be made regarding the role and appropriateness of music as a form of therapy in post-war regions.
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Domanskaitė, Gota Vėjūnė. "Long-term psychological after-effects of participation in war activities." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140430_132635-52588.
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The aims of the dissertation were to assess: the psychological peculiarities of Lithuanian Afghanistan war veterans; the risk factors and the intensity of risk factors relations with posttraumatic reactions. A sample of 268 Lithuanian men who served in the Soviet Army in 1979–1989 was investigated on the average 17 years after the service: 174 men – study group and 94 – comparison group. The questionnaire was completed focusing on life-threatening experience, posttraumatic stress reactions, and mediating variables – social support, adaptation, sense of coherence, consumption of alcohol and drugs (HTQ, TSC-35, CSS, SOC13, structured and open questions). Lithuanian Afghanistan war veterans have more long-term psychological after-effects than the comparison group. Lithuanian Afghanistan war veterans experienced significantly more service-related and non-service-related traumatic events and conditions. Their adaptation after the service and nowadays were poorer and alcohol consumption is far more hazardous than in the comparison. Sense of coherence, adaptation after the service, violent assault, loss of the family member and alcohol consumption nowadays predict PTSD. The model of Afghanistan war veterans’ psychological after-effects is presented and discussed.Tyrimo tikslai buvo nustatyti: 1) kokie psichologiniai ypatumai būdingi Lietuvos Afganistano karo veteranams; 2) veiksnius, susijusius su vyrų dalyvavusių Afganistano kare potrauminės simptomatikos išreikštumu ir įvertinti tų veiksnių sąsajų su potraumine simptomatika stiprumą. Tyrimo dalyviai – 268 Lietuvos vyrai atlikę privalomąją karo tarnybą Sovietų armijoje 1979-1989 metais. Tiriamoji grupė – 174 vyrai tranavę Afganistano-Sovietų Sąjungos kare, palyginamoji grupė – 94 vyrai tarnavę SSRS teritorijoje, kur karo veiksmų nebuvo. Jie buvo apklausti vidutiniškai 17 metų po sugrįžimo iš tarnybos. Klausimyną sudarė Harvardo traumos klausimynas, Traumos simptomų klausimynas, Paramos krizėje skalė, Vidinės darnos skalė ir struktūruoti bei atviri klausimai apie trauminį patyrimą, potraumines pasekmes bei tarpinius kintamuosius – prisitaikymą, socialinę paramą, vidinę darną bei alkoholio ir narkotikų vartojimą. Lietuvos Afganistano karo veteranų ilgalaikiai potrauminiai padariniai yra sunkesni, nei palyginamosios grupės. Lietuvos Afganistano karo veteranų traumininė patirtis, susijusi su tarnyba ir viso gyvenimo yra sunkesnė, adaptacija iš karto po tarnybos ir dabartiniu metu prastene bei jiems labiau būdingas žalingas alkoholio vartojimas dabartiniu metu, nei palyginamosios grupės vyrams. Potrauminio streso sutrikimo pasireiškimą geriausiai prognozavo vidinė darna, prisitaikymas po tarnybos, patirtas smurtinis užpuolimas, šeimos nario netektis ir alkoholio vartojimas dabartiniu... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Viejo, Rose Dacia. "Reconstructing cultural heritage after civil war : making meaning and memory." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611739.
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Bloxham, John. "Thucydides and U.S. Foreign Policy Debates after the Cold War." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71534.
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This thesis examines the reception of Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War in US foreign policy debates since the end of the Cold War. It begins with a background survey of Thucydides’ use in foreign policy debates up to and during the Cold War, primarily by the realist school of international relations, and the comparisons which were drawn between the Cold War and the Peloponnesian War. After the Cold War, these comparisons became less relevant to current debates, and critics of realism began to use Thucydides to support their own theories. The emphasis is on how the three key movements since the Cold War, realism, liberal internationalism and neoconservatism, have each saw aspects in Thucydides’ writing to admire and utilise for their theories, at the same time building competing interpretations of key sections from Thucydides’ History. At the same time, as well as drawing abstract theories from Thucydides, analysts have also drawn historical parallels between the present and the Peloponnesian War in a creative process which results in modern states playing different ancient roles depending upon the context. I show that Thucydides’ text lends itself particularly well to such recycling due to the author’s tendency to highlight complex tensions without providing explicit authorial ‘answers’.
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Fisher, G. C. "Locating Germanness : Bukovina and Bukovinians after the Second World War." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1461387/.
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The National Socialist regime’s policies of discrimination, territorial expansion and genocide, and their immediate consequences, radically transformed the demographic, geographic and political map of Europe. These historical circumstances also lastingly recast what it meant to be German. The violence of these events was such that it reverberates across generations until the present. Yet if German nationalism was discredited by the defeat of Hitler, the war also seemed to confirm the necessity of a convergence between peoples and state borders. In addition, the legacies of violence perpetuated the distinction between overwhelmingly Jewish victims and German perpetrators. This thesis explores the development of a variety of constructions and uses of Germanness in the aftermath of World War Two. It is based on the case study of Bukovina, a former province of the Habsburg Empire regarded as both an ‘island of Germanness’ and a model of ‘peaceful coexistence among peoples’. Until the Second World War, the historical territory of Bukovina was home to a significant minority of German-speaking Jews, and self-defining ethnic Germans. After 1945, many of these German-speaking Bukovinians developed a nostalgic and quasi-diasporic relationship to this homeland, epitomised by the creation of Landsmannschaften (homeland societies) in Germany and Israel. This thesis explores the complexities of these Bukovinian identities in different and changing post-war contexts, primarily West Germany, but also former East Germany, Romania and Israel. It argues that these narratives and enactments influenced each other, but also need to be related to the larger post-war categories of ‘expellees’ (Heimatvertriebene) and ‘Holocaust survivors’ in particular. Adopting a socio-cultural approach and taking Bukovina as a site of interaction of different discourses on Germanness in the post-war period, this thesis challenges the direct link often posited between experience, identification and national frameworks of understanding. Instead, it emphasises the importance of ‘belonging’, ‘compensation’ and ‘coherence’.
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Darbutaité, Martina. "Architecture after disasters." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18389.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.Nesta tese investigamos a situação pós-guerra na cidade velha de Alepo para uma futura intervenção e aplicação da sustentabilidade respeitando a arquitectura tradicional do mundo Árabe. A pesquisa aponta-nos para as hipóteses de, recriar uma transformação do património urbano e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos habitantes da cidade, aplicando estratégias de sustentabilidade, mobilidade e qualidade de vida, isto, respeitando a religião local, a tradição e a volumetria urbana existente. A destruição provocada pela guerra e o conflito que se arrasta há anos pela Síria, talvez nos dê a nós arquitectos, uma oportunidade para ilustrar de maneira convincente soluções reais para a intervenção e resolução de situações problemáticas da população e da sociedade depois de um longo conflito permanente. O objectivo do projecto é propor um único equipamento que se integre suavemente no ambiente. Oferecendo modernidade, seguindo os princípios de sustentabilidade e baseando-se em valores tradicionais, vernaculares e culturais. A pesquisa foi dividida em três partes. A primeira parte teve como objectivo construir os fundamentos teóricos que representam os conceitos, reconstrução pós-desastre e a posição de sustentabilidade na arquitectura. A segunda parte foi dedicada à cidade velha de Alepo descrevendo propriedades geográficas, históricas e culturais, evolução do tecido urbano, arquitectura local e materiais. Além disso, contém a pré-introdução do tema do projecto final, representando o problema actual da educação e o ramo de equipamento escolhido. Por fim, a terceira parte foi dedicada à proposta final de projecto, analisada na escala do território e na escala do edifício.
ABSTRACT: This thesis is advocated to investigate post-war situation in Aleppo old town with potential of application of sustainability respecting traditional architecture in the Arab World. This research points us towards the hypotheses of re-creating an urban heritage transformation and improving the quality of life for the inhabitants of the city with an indication of sustainability, mobility and quality of life respecting local religion, tradition and existing urban volumetry. The war destruction and the conflict that has dragged on for years in Syria, perhaps gave us architects, an opportunity to illustrate in a convincing way a realistic solutions in the intervention of solving the problematic situation of the people and it is society after a long-standing conflict. The goal of the project is to propose an equipment unit which would smoothly integrate into the environment. Offering modernity which follows sustainability principles and based on traditional, vernacular and cultural values. The research was divided into three parts. The first part aimed to build the theoretical background representing post-disaster reconstruction and position of sustainability in architecture. The second part was dedicated to represent Aleppo old town describing geographical properties, history and culture, urban fabric evolution, local architecture and materials. In addition this part contains the pre-introduction of final project theme by representing current problem of education and chosen branch of equipment. The third part was dedicated to the final project proposal, analysed at the scale of the territory and the scale of the building.
N/A
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Martinez, Francisco J. "Changes in Guerrilla conflicts in Latin America after the Cold War." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA385902.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2000.Thesis advisor(s): Giraldo, Jeanne K. ; Trinkunas, Harold A. "December 2000." Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.
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Degenhardt, Teresa. "Understanding war as punishment in the international sphere after 9/11." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442375.
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Guasch, Mark. "Evolution of U.S. Strategy in Latin America After the Cold War." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74276.
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In the years after the Cold War it appears that the U.S. distanced itself from Latin America. The region has begun to integrate itself in the world political economy without exclusively depending on the U.S. The integration has included engagement with extra-hemispheric states, such as China and Russia, and the creation of regional institutions. Some of these advancements may oppose U.S. interests in the region. The research aims to identify how the U.S. strategy for addressing key national interests in Latin America evolved since the end of the Cold War and how it should approach the region in the future.
The research provides an overview of U.S. policies towards Latin America from the Spanish-American War through the collapse of the Soviet Union; and from the post Cold War era through Barack Obama's presidency. The focus is on the U.S.-Latin American policies during and after the Cold War. There is a review of China and Russia's engagement of the region both during and after the Cold War. Finally there is a case study on the change of the U.S-Cuba policy and possible consequences.Master of Arts
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Page, Brian Daniel. "Local Matters: Race, Place, and Community Politics After the Civil War." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1249417207.
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Achurra, Maria E. "An Exceptionalist Spectacle: Federal Architecture After the 1898 Spanish-American War." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1553250593368134.
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Bluth, Christoph. "The Nuclear Challenge: US-Russian strategic relations after the Cold War." Routledge, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18259.
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NoA comprehensive and timely analysis of strategic nuclear arms policy in the United States and Russia and examines the collaborative efforts to reduce nuclear weapons through arms control and render nuclear weapons and fissile materials in Russia secure. He concludes that the end of the Cold War has created new and unprecedented dangers and that these dangers require a greater political will and cooperation which have so far been lacking.
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Inagamov, Behzod. "JAPANESE INTERNAL INFLUENCES ON FOREIGN POLICY AFTER THE WORLD WAR II." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113620.
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This dissertation focuses on Japanese policy as a whole, internal and external policy priorities and objectives, in order to illustrate the role, and analyze the level of effectiveness of conducted foreign policy tools. This paper explores some of the reasons and factors of conducted internal and external policy tools. Therefore, it shows how effective and in timely manner reaction of Japanese to state's internal policy, has influenced and played a key role during the country recovery and restoration. Moreover, proper policy objectives not only have restored the country but also made Japan one of the most advanced world centers. Japan is in a number of the advanced countries of the world, participating in modern world political process which dynamics has the general laws and the tendencies of development connected with transformation of the Pacific Rim into the center of global activity of the leading countries of the world. Changes in global scale, aftermath of the World War II affect the significant characteristic of foreign policy, official and economic diplomacy of Japan towards peace and security advocating country.
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Poyraz, Hasan Ertan. "Neglected issues and possible strategies for the Iraqi economy after the 2003 invasion." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FPoyraz.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Studies (Defense Decision Making and Planning))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Looney, Robert. "December 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 29, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-90). Also available in print.
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Boswell, Timothy. "After the Planes." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115051/.
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The dissertation consists of a critical preface and a novel. The preface analyzes what it terms “polyvocal” novels, or novels employing multiple points of view, as well as “layered storytelling,” or layers of textuality within novels, such as stories within stories. Specifically, the first part of the preface discusses polyvocality in twenty-first century American novels, while the second part explores layered storytelling in novels responding to World War II or the terrorist attacks of 9/11. The preface analyzes the advantages and difficulties connected to these techniques, as well as their aptitude for reflecting the fractured, disconnected, and subjective nature of the narratives we construct to interpret traumatic experiences. It also acknowledges the necessity—despite its inherent limitations—of using language to engage with this fragmentation and cope with its challenges. The preface uses numerous novels as examples and case studies, and it also explores these concepts and techniques in relation to the process of writing the novel After the Planes. After the Planes depicts multiple generations of a family who utilize storytelling as a means to work through grief, hurt, misunderstanding, and loss—whether from interpersonal conflicts or from war. Against her father’s wishes, a young woman moves in with her nearly-unknown grandfather, struggling to understand the rifts in her family and how they have shaped her own identity. She reads a book sent to her by her father, which turns out to be his story of growing up in the years following World War II. The book was intercepted and emended by her grandfather, who inserts his own commentary throughout, complicating her father’s hopes of reconciliation. The novel moves between two main narratives, one set primarily in 1951 and the other in the days and weeks immediately prior to September 11, 2001.
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Zavaleta, Mauricio. "Levitsky, Steve y Lucan Way (2010). Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimens after the Cold War. Cambrige University Press." Politai, 2011. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/92133.
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McElroy, Theresa. "Early childhood before, during and after war and displacement in northern Uganda." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42115.
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Background: Research from numerous fields of science is providing strong evidence demonstrating that the conditions young children live within mould their health and developmental trajectories. While science and policy call for nurturing environments to preserve developmental potential, the current global reality is that war and civil unrest displace millions of children from their homes, desecrating their social supports and environments. Furthermore, little research has drawn attention to the experience of the youngest children during and after war. Objective: To holistically document the environments of young children (0 to 3 years) before, during and after a 20-year war and mass internal displacement in northern Uganda in order to deepen current understandings, address research gaps and inform interventions. Methods: This applied ethnography used purposive sampling in three sites of the Amuru District over a one-year period. Interviews, focus groups, longitudinal case studies, participant observation, document review, and photo documentation with young children, caregivers (siblings, parents, and others) and community leaders explored multiple views on early childhood health and development. Results: War and displacement seriously thwarted caregivers from employing their extensive knowledge and traditional care practices that protected and nurtured their young children in rural agrarian communities. Young children were exposed to numerous, cumulative factors that previous research has documented as risks to well-being and long-term developmental potential. This risk persisted well into post-conflict resettlement. However, despite dire conditions, there were also factors that acted to protect children and examples of children’s healthy functioning. Conclusions: Disrupted social structures and environments appear to influence young children's health and developmental futures in all phases of war, displacement and resettlement. Results suggest that the efforts by state and the international community to mitigate risk and promote positive development for vulnerable young children were insufficient and incommensurate with the degree of evidence supporting the critical importance of the early years. Future efforts must build on local culture and address the most relevant and pressing needs of children in close collaboration with families and communities. The rebuilding of healthy, peaceful societies depends upon the preservation of the immense human capital and boundless potential within children.
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Tustin, Simon Richard. "The transformation of British defence policy after the Cold War, 1990-1998." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615844.
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Shoemaker, Melissa K. "A house divided evolution of EU asylum policy after the Bosnian war /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/4508.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2009.Vita: p. 279. Thesis director: Janine Wedel. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed June 10, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-278). Also issued in print.
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WEBER, RICARDO BASILIO. "THE G-20 AND THE COUNTER HEGEMONIC CONSTRAINTS AFTER THE COLD WAR." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=31575@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A Tese tem como objeto de estudo o surgimento do Grupo dos 20 na Conferência Ministerial de Cancun (2003) e sua atuação nas negociações agrícolas da Rodada de Doha (2001) da OMC. A análise se concentra sobre o significado e implicações do ressurgimento da clivagem Norte-Sul nas negociações da Rodada pela perspectiva dos PEDs e do seu poder de influência sobre as negociações. A partir de uma perspectiva que explora processos de path dependency sobre o poder de influência dos países desenvolvidos nas negociações, explora os constrangimentos colocados para os PEDs reunidos no G-20, que, apesar de maior influência sobre o processo negociador, encontraram-se diante do crescente dilema das restritas possibilidades de manutenção da sua coesão. A análise ressalta que o avanço das negociações da rodada em direção a uma maior substância coloca em xeque sua união em torno da legitimidade do Mandato Negociador de Doha, que não encontra espaço propositivo para o estabelecimento de uma maior coesão entre os membros da coalizão. Nesse sentido, o trabalho explora a relação entre a nova institucionalidade da OMC e o papel do Grupo dos 20 como sintoma do ressurgimento extemporâneo da divisão Norte-Sul e da falta de alternativas desses atores na busca pela manutenção da coalizão e do seu aumentado poder de influência sobre as negociações.
The thesis seeks to explain the meaning and the process through which the new coalition of developing countries, the G-20, was formed, in the preparatory phase of the negotiations to be held at Cancun Ministerial Conference of WTO (2003). The work analyses the role of this developing country coalition throughout the negotiations of the Doha Development Agenda from the perspective of the revival of the North-South dialogue and its implications for the influence of new emerging markets over the multilateral trade arena. Concentrating our focus on the negotiating process of the new institution, We argue that path dependency processes help to explain the dilemmas faced by the G-20 in striving for keeping its cohesion around the defense of Doha Mandate, centered in its right of development. Despite the fact that developing countries found themselves at the center of the negotiating proccess and entitled to exhert a higher influence on the progress of the negotiations, its defense of the legitimacy of the Doha mandate was increasingly put to test before the fragility of its cohesion when the negotiating proccess turned to the substance of a concrete agreement.
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Devaney, Kieran John Michael. "Europe after the rain : Alan Burns and the post-war avant-garde." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15212.
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Alan Burns was one of the key figures in the group of experimental writers working in Britain in the nineteen sixties and early nineteen seventies, which included writers such as B.S. Johnson, Christine Brooke-Rose, Ann Quin and Giles Gordon. All of them sought ways to update and radicalize the techniques of modernism to make them relevant for their contemporary situation. Alan Burns took the novel to more radical extremes than his counterparts, eschewing traditional narrative in favour of a dense accumulation of detail. This is the first full length study of Burns' work, which has largely been neglected by scholars and, for the most part, remains out of print. I provide a thorough account of Burns' life and work and theorise the reasons for his obscurity. I examine the role of trauma in his work. For Burns the experience of the traumatic moment is one in which the violence that underpins everyday society is momentarily unveiled, the sheer and explicit violence of the event produces a rupture that displays the deeper and more insidious violence that exists beneath it and gives it structure. I draw on theories of visual art, music and cinema, both of the 'classical' avant-garde and more recent, as much as of literature and philosophy, to attempt to account for the strategies, techniques and approaches that Alan Burns engaged with in his writing. Avowedly left-wing, in interviews Burns is frequently optimistic about the possibility for political change in the world, and is even confident about the role that literature can play in fostering that change. However, I argue that his novels present a rather different, and much more pessimistic picture: each of them shows the way in which any activism can ultimately be constrained and co-opted.
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Virk, Kudrat. "Developing countries and humanitarian intervention in international society after the Cold War." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:60fbdfeb-341c-430c-91c7-5071397a0e47.
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This thesis examines the policies, positions, and perspectives of developing countries on the emerging norm of humanitarian intervention after the Cold War, focusing on the period between 1991 and 2001. In doing so, it questions the role of opposition that conventional wisdom has allotted to them as parochial defenders of sovereignty. Instead, the thesis reveals variation and complexity, which militates against defining the South, or the issues that humanitarian intervention raises, in simplistic either-or terms. Part I draws on insights about ‘sovereignty as what states make of it’ to break the classic pluralism-solidarism impasse that has otherwise stymied the conversation on humanitarian intervention and confined the South as a whole to a ‘black box’ labelled rejectionism. It reconstructs the empirical record of developing countries at large on six cases of military intervention (northern Iraq, Somalia, Haiti, Sierra Leone, Kosovo, and East Timor), revealing variation that defies easy categorization. It also charts a cumulative and dynamic trend within the South towards a grey area between pluralism and solidarism that shows how these were not diametrically opposed positions. Following from that, Part II looks in-depth at India and Argentina. Whereas Argentina accepted the idea of humanitarian intervention, India remained reluctant to countenance it and persistently objected to the development of a new rule in its favour. Part II argues that the level of congruence between the emerging norm and the two countries’ prevailing values, aspirations, and historically constructed ways of thinking played a key role in determining the different levels of acceptance that the idea found with them. Part III delves deeper into the substance of their views. It shows how neither country constructed mutually exclusive choices between pluralism and solidarism, sovereignty and human rights, and intervention and non-intervention. Rather, both exhibited an acute awareness of the dilemmas of protecting human rights in a society of states, and a wariness of yes-no answers. Cumulatively, this thesis thus points away from thinking about the South itself as a given category with clear, shared or pre-determined ideas, and towards a more nuanced and inclusive conversation on humanitarian intervention.
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Chuang, Ching Ming, and 莊景名. "Path dependence and NATO after the Cold War." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21573106135006021989.
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Chen, Hung-Hui, and 陳鴻輝. "Sino-French Strategic Partnership after the Cold War." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56846792896623427482.
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碩士中興大學
國際政治研究所
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After the end of the Cold War, the mutation direction of international political environment has provided China and France the chance of mutual cooperation. Politically, both side respect that the multipolarity system can balance the unilateral hegemony of America. Economically, China’s domestic commercial potential plus French ascendancy on financial assistance and advanced technology has showed complementary interests. However, two main problems existed, such as bad record on China’s human rights and Taiwan issue, which brought out the uncertainty and even broke off bilateral relationship. After the 1994 Sino-French communiqué was issued, the bilateral relationship was once again normalized. Sino-French strategic relationship can be sorted into two periods：1997 comprehensive partnership relationship and 2004 comprehensive strategy partnership. Under this framework, China and France have launched long-time cooperations on politics, economics, military and culture. At the conclusion, China and France have diverse estimations on benefits. Besides, on low-level politics can strategic cooperation play a more effective role.
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Liao, Chien-Shing, and 廖建興. "Research on China-India Relations after Cold War." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36506243421089038658.
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碩士淡江大學
國際事務與戰略研究所碩士在職專班
97
China and India were once the leaders of the “Non-Allied Countries” until the border conflict, which took place in 1962, changed the relationship between two countries. However, due to the necessity of developing national power post Cold War, both China and India had continuously exploit the opportunities to improve the relationship between two countries by high official visits to each other, reclaim the “Panchshell” and a peaceful resolution of the border issue. India took the initiative by recognizing Tibet Autonomous Region is part of China’s territory. China on the other hand, recognized Sikkim belongs to India. Both countries gradually built a cooperative relationship focus on economy, culture and technology exchange. The Bi-Polar sovereignty vanished with corruption of Soviet Union. The Multi-Polar region hegemony rose with the common diplomatic concern: striving for the dominance in South Asia and block other side to become regional hegemony. On one hand, these two countries tried to maintain harmonic relationship through diplomatic interaction, economic and military cooperation. On the other hand, they are fighting over issues concerning Indian Ocean, Pakistan and energy resource. The cooperation and competition between these two countries had various impacts on other countries like United States, Russia and Japan. The intent of the research is to increase the readers’ understanding of how relationship between China and India might affect the security of Asia-Pacific region. By implementing analysis of archives and studies of geopolitics and history, conclusion can be drawn to indicate the possible interactive pattern and relations of these two countries.
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Lin, Chia-hui, and 林佳蕙. "Development of streets in Gueiren after the war." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24450749984014534330.
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碩士國立臺南大學
台灣文化研究所碩士班
98
Development of Gueiren went back long ago. Under the rule of the Netherlands, Koxinga, Qing Dynasty and Japanese occupation, the main development went from the old streets to old food market and again to the block centered on the roundabout, as we see scattered villages to business streets and again to the embryo of urban streets after the war. Now, the roundabout area, under a series of infrastructure, slowly became golden area in Gueiren Township. Thanks to planned policies, the city streets kept expanding and connection from earlier formation. Compared with other places in the township, development was more rapid and intensive around the roundabout. The preceding policies include Gueiren Urban Plan and establishment of THSR Tainan Station District. The two policies greatly affect development of streets in Gueiren after the war. Therefore, this study aims at Gueiren Urban Plan and THSR Tainan Station District and divides development of streets in Gueiren into three states—termination of war to announcement of urban plan, announcement of the urban plan to announcement of THSR Tainan Station District and announcement of THSR Tainan Station District to date. Study scope is areas inside Gueiren Urban Plan, covering local politics, society/economy, regional space and education/culture to explore development and mutual relation among the stages after the termination of the war. In late Japanese occupation, the Japanese gradually moved the political center to around roundabout. Under the unstable political reshuffle and everything in old rules, current roundabout areas became the political center in Xinfong District at the beginning after the war. The center did not last long due to adjustment of administration areas in Taiwan. Yet, changes took places in economic style mainly in agriculture activities in the areas—the business activities brought by the new food market. As Zhongshan Road was widened, connection took place among villages which used to have individual development. Based on the then education foundation, there were high schools and vocational school in addition to elementary schools here, making the education system more complete. Also, local regional activities were recovering, making folk culture more diverse. Affected by metropolitan development of Tainan City, economic styles in the areas saw changes. Population grew because of economic growth, resulting in urban plan. Under planned use of lands, roads connecting outside areas and in the areas were completed, enlarging connection effects among villages into belt development. Farm lands, fish ponds and sugar cane gardens disappeared. Traditional brick and tile buildings turned into batches of commercial buildings.Education facilities also won attention in the areas. A number of temples were renovated thanks to participation of believers in the time of soaring economy. The fast development in outward expansion of Zhongshan Road and Zhongzheng Road from roundabout was settled. A lot of stores were opened on the sides of Zhongshan Road and Zhongzheng Road into a major business section where citizens in Gueiren Township and nearby towns shop most frequently. Industry and commerce replaced agriculture as the major economic activities in the areas. Agriculture activities are integrated with tourism in such changes. Religious culture also saw diverse development to meet mental development of people. Renshou Temple made Taoism closer to people with the Internet. As development reaches peak in the areas, barriers occur to push. Announcement and implementation of THSR Tainan Station District sucked. Under the mutual effects of push and suction, another change took place in street development. The Taiwan Sugar land in Gueiren Urban Plan and THSR Tainan Station District is the new star. Some public sectors have moved offices here to lead development of new hinterland of the urban plan. The development of postwar streets in this study area was deeply affected by significant policy. The construction of internal and external roads connected scattered settlements together. Therefore, every aspects of education, sanitation and economic were modernized one by one. After a series of public construction, this study area came up to the whole political Gueiren Township Center of politics and economics. An accumulation combination among settlements also caused the present-day streets patterns. These days, the influence of THSR Tainan Station District on this area is not so much as expectation that the future development of streets might be uncertain and variable.
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Kuo-shyang, Sun, and 孫國祥. "The Washington-Taipei-Beijing Relations after Cold War." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20554366236211925948.
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Tao, Pei-jen, and 陶姵仁. "Cross-strait Trade after Opium War: 1860-2005." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92455139784292886146.
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Ahlswede, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Israel's European policy after the Cold War / Stefan Ahlswede." 2008. http://d-nb.info/1000458725/34.
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劉啟文. "China’s strategy in the Indian ocean after Cold War." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42623015621485706456.
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碩士國立政治大學
外交學系戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班
98
The research is to adopt Document analysis, use strategic logic and international affairs as a starting point, and discusses the concept of consciousness from the sea power with the thinking of national development, then the purpose, means, methods, ways to cut into the study. First of all, the most important point of this research is focus on the PRC’s strategy thinking in the Indian ocean, from the surrounding geographical metrology to understand East Asia, South Asia’s geo-strategic relationships and then analysis PRC’s national strategic needs (Focus on the energy security), and the PRC’s maritime strategic process, including Liu’s three-stage maritime strategy which is out of the first island chain, also means Blue-water Navy. Secondly, the PRC’s role and practice in the Indian Ocean mainly focus on the strategic layout, including political, economic and military methods, and explore its strategic implications. Third, Regarding the influences and constraints of PRC’s strategy in the Indian Ocean are the regional security (South Asia), the influences of powerful nations (USA, USSR, and Japan) and the influences to itself. It is can be expected, India and U.S.A are very sensitive of all the activities of China in Indian Ocean. The rumor of that Japan, U.S.A and India are standing on the same side to against China had already spread, what will China respond and what kind of difficulty they will face. The last part of this research comprises the process of PRC’s maritime strategy, the strategic layout in the Indian Ocean and the influences and restrictions after PRC’s strategy in the Indian Ocean.
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Ku, Hsiang-Chun, and 谷翔鈞. "Study of tea industry in Taiwan after SecondWorld War." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46847451915974200695.
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碩士淡江大學
歷史學系碩士在職專班
99
The development of the tea industry in Taiwan happened in recent two hundred years while the tea cultivation and the manufacturing technologies are originated from Qing Dynasty. The introduction of tea species and manufacturing experts from Fujian laid the foundation stone for modern Taiwan tea industry. In the middle of the 19th century, Formosa Oolong Tea has been exported to Europe and America, and Taiwan was famous in western countries for its tea. Though Taiwan tea is originated from mainland China, after being cultivated to develop new species and the manufacturing technologies being improved, Taiwan tea nowadays has been to an excellent level. Taiwan tea is popular among people who like tea savoring around the world. Tea was a very important agricultural product in the economy of Taiwan. From Qing Dynasty, the period of Japanese governance, to Kuomintang Government, the dominators all encouraged and promoted the development of tea industry. Therefore, tea industry became one of the important economic resources in Taiwan and also earned a lot of foreign exchange for Taiwan. However, tea industry underwent the challenges from globally economic environment and the transition of Taiwan turning into industry and commerce period, so its export performance was down to the bottom. Gradually, the tea industry became one for domestic market in Taiwan. In addition to studying the changes of the manufacturing and marketing of tea in Taiwan after World War II, this research is also trying to discuss the problems nowadays and the future development of the tea industry in Taiwan. This research widely collected information about the tea industry in Taiwan, including books, documents, historical records, the official statistical data, journals, newspapers and magazines, to understand the origin of the tea industry and the development of its history. To supply some information that can’t be inferred from the written data, this study also conducted interviews with tea researchers, organizations promoting tea, and people working in tea industry. By researching, analyzing, and comparing the collected information, the research figured out the present state and the existing problems of the tea industry in Taiwan. To make the tea industry in Taiwan be more competitive, here are some ways the industry can make progress: to develop non-toxic agriculture, emphasis on dosing safety, to lower the expense of labor and production, to develop tea industry for recreation, to promote origin certificate labeling and establishment of traceability certification, To implement protection of intellectual property rights of agricultural work, etc. Tea is the agricultural product with high economic value. If the government and the private can cooperate with each other, the tea industry in Taiwan can have sustainable development.
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NGA, CAO VIET, and 高越娥. "After Cold War, China –Vietnam politics and diplomatic relations." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64847351884364477605.
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碩士淡江大學
中國大陸研究所碩士班
93
China, whose relations with Vietnam were historically bad, backed Hanoi in its war with first France and then the US, but in 1975 suspended aid to Vietnam. By 1978 Vietnamese nationalized trading, enforced citizenship requirements and forced migration to new economic zones were adversely affecting ethnic Chinese. Refugee flows to China increased dramatically, provoking Chinese protests. Disputes between Vietnam and Cambodia (temporarily named Kampuchea) also increased, China and the US supporting the Kampuchean position. On November 3, Vietnam signed its first friendship treaty with the USSR. On December 15, the US and China announced normalization of relations. In 1990, China invaded Vietnam. The invasion came after months of tension between the two communist neighbors. The Chinese attack was prompted by Vietnam''s decision to invade Cambodia and remove the Chinese-backed Khmer Rouge. The 1979 border war between China and Vietnam was over quickly, with the Chinese retreating after heavy losses. After Cold War, The two sides vowed to remain committed to establishing a fair and just new international political and economic order and to contributing to safeguarding regional and global peace, stability and development. The two countries also agreed that bilateral ties have developed rapidly, comprehensively and profoundly under the 16-character guiding principle of "long-term stability, future orientation, good-neighborly friendship, and all-round cooperation." the two sides said leaders of both countries have exchanged frequent visits with strengthened political mutual trust, marked results in economic and trade cooperation, and positive progress in the resolution of problems left over by history. Exchanges and cooperation in other fields have also been expanding with each passing day, and the two sides have supported and coordinated with each other in international and regional affairs.