Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Âge du fer – Luxembourg'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Âge du fer – Luxembourg.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Zipper, Katinka. "Identités et interactions culturelles dans l'espace luxembourgeois durant l'âge du Fer (IXᵉ - IIIᵉ siècle avant notre ère) : analyse du mobilier funéraire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCC033.
Full textThe main objective of this work is to carry out a chrono-cultural analysis of funerary objects from around thirty sites, covering the period between the 9th and 3rd centuries BC, in order to propose hypotheses on the forms of cultural interaction between Luxembourg and the neighbouring regions (Lorraine, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Province of Luxembourg), as well as their evolution over time. A corpus of nearly 400 objects (ceramic vases, ring ornaments, weaponry, clothing accessories, toiletries, and metal tableware) has been analysed using seriation tools, allowing us to propose a chrono-cultural phase applicable to the entire area studied. While in the 11th–10th centuries BC, the region appeared to belong to the RSFO entity in terms of ceramic facies, during the 9th and early 8th centuries BC, various cultural markers began to appear, illustrating increased contact and exchange with peripheral and more distant areas. In the 7th and 6th centuries BC, finds from Luxembourg once again show a degree of homogeneity, revealing a striking similarity with the burial assemblages of the Hunsrück-Eifel culture, though not adopting all of its attributes. From the late 6th to the 4th century BC, the region was influenced by two dominant cultural currents: the 'recent' Hunsrück-Eifel and the Aisne-Marne. The presence of elite tombs indicates connections with other areas of western Europe, which were characterised by a process of social hierarchisation. By the end of the sequence under study, the virtual absence of funerary material typical of the 3rd century BC is likely due to a documentary bias resulting from the limitations of research
Berry, Céline. "Les Luxembourg-Ligny, un grand lignage noble de la fin du Moyen-Âge." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0010.
Full textRoux, Dominique. "Protohistoire des piémonts pyrénéens : la transition âge du bronze - âge du fer et les phases anciennes du premier âge du fer entre Garonne et Ebre." Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30062.
Full textVeber, Cécile. "Les dépôts de bronze du bronze final IIIb en Lorraine, Sarre et Luxembourg : approche technique." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOL021.
Full textBlondel, François. "Approvisionnement et usages du bois en Auvergne, du Second âge du Fer au Moyen Âge." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCH021/document.
Full textWaterlogged woods are rare discoveries in archeology because of the conditions inherent in their conservation. When they reach us, they give a lot of data on the importance of this material for past populations.Auvergne is a privileged context for their conservation. Thousands of woods from fortuitous discoveries or archaeological excavations are dated from the Neolithic to the modern era, however the corpus covers mostly the Second Iron Age until the Middle Ages.The diversity of the woods enables a better understanding of different uses according to their respective destination.The state of conservation of many elements gives information about the different stages of shaping, from the felling of the tree to its implementation.Each wood is detailed specifically by field and category to be compared with the remains of other regions. The technological and typological approach is treated as exhaustively as possible.Taxonomic diversity documents collection practices and their evolution in a forest area impacted by humans.The contribution of dendrochronology informs the evolutions of supplies, mainly for the construction, and releases certain features of the silvicultural practices in the exploited forest stands
Dhennequin, Laurent. "L' armement au premier âge du fer en Europe tempérée." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010643.
Full textMilcent, Pierre-Yves. "Recherches sur le premier âge du fer en France centrale." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010542.
Full textOur study is about the first iron age of auvergne and the oriental part of the Centre and Limousin regions. It is based on the thorough inventory of the documentation concerning the isolated finds, the settlements, the hoards and the cimeteries. The objective is to propose a new analysis on the first iron age in France with new data and without focusing more a cultural profile than another one (central France is at the junction of three big cultural areas). We have adopted a chronological plan. It include three parts. The first part is about the transition between the bronze and the iron age (800650/630 bc). This period starts with the changes that appears on 8th bc : full developement of iron metallurgy, transformation of settlement patterns and exchange networks, break in ritual deposit customs. The use of an aristocratic equipement of atlantic origin - espacially hallstatt sword - reveals the extent of strong changes in the elite society. During the middle step of the first iron age (650/630-510 bc), we are more documented on women compare with the previous period when men were preeminent. Rich feminin jewels, sometimes exotics, placed in founder burials, in ritual hoards, are the more visible features of this change. It seems to be the sign of an advantageous place for women in the aristocratic families structures. The increasing importance of the long distance exchange networks characterise the end of the first iron age (510-430 bc). South-west Germany and northern Italy have an influence on the elite evolution. Some of their members started to adopt funeral practices from those areas. The urban centre emergence of bourges is another spectacular consequence of those contacts. Yhe end of this phenomenon coincide with a cultural standardisation process all over Mid-Europe
Abou-Abdallah, Marc. "L'histoire du royaume de Byblos à l'âge de Fer (1080-33 av J. C. )." Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4037.
Full textIn the early eleventh century B. C. , Byblos enjoyed a period of independence, until the middle ninth century. This is confirmed by several sources like the Egyptian story of Wenamun, an Assyrian text of Tiglath-pileser Iand the royal Byblian inscriptions. During this period, Byblosordered diplomatic relations with Egypt. This period ended when the Assyrian kings arrived in the Levant about the middle of the ninth century B. C. Byblos, like the other Phoenician cities, lost its independence, and its relation with Egypt fade and was obliged to pay tribute in order to retain its local autonomy. In 610 B. C. , the Assyrian power came to an end, but in the other side the Babylonian empire rose. However this one did last less then one century. Unfortunately, we do not know what has happened exactly in Byblos during this period, but the stelae of Nahr al-Kalb and WadiBrissa inform us that the city was completely under the Babylonian power. In 539 B. C. , the Persian took the power and established a vast empire, from Egypt to India. During this period, Byblos benefited from the political and economic situation and knew an economic prosperity. This is well attested in the luxury restoration of the temple of Baalat and the right to mint coins. In addition, Byblos established relations with the Cypriot city of Lapethos. But the Persian power fell in the Levant when Alexander the Great conquers the Middle East in 333 B. C. The new presentation of the sources found herein in will hopefully clarify several points in the history of Byblos during the first millennium B. C
L'Héritier, Maxime. "L' utilisation du fer dans l'architecture gothique : les cas de Troyes et de Rouen." Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00295179.
Full textVannier, Émilie. "Pratiques funéraires au second âge du Fer dans la "province médio-atlantique"." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAG007/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis presents the funerary practices of a large cross-Channel area, called “Medio-Atlantic province”. This work focuses on the second Iron Age or La Tène period (mid-5th century – last quarter of the 1st century BC) and the British Iron Age (late 5th century BC – mid-1st century AD). The analyses of the data on the treatments of the bodies, the funerary architecture and the grave-goods highlight six “Medio-Atlantic” funerary groups and expose their spatial and temporal evolution. This study allows to understand the main funerary features of Cross-Channel areas, as well as other funerary groups in theirs eastern margins
Clodoré-Tissot, Tinaig. "La musique aux âges de bronze et du fer en Europe." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010550.
Full textBeylier, Alexandre. "L' armement et le guerrier en Méditerranée nord-occidentale au remier âge du Fer." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10114.
Full textFabre, Jean-Marc. "Sidérurgie ancienne au Sahel : archéologie d'un district métallurgique de la fin de l'âge du Fer (Markoye, province de l'Oudalan, Burkina Faso)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20085.
Full textThe surveys carried out in the extreme north of Burkina Faso have led to the identification of more than 150 metallurgical sites.Two production periods have been distinguished, based on the type of slag-pit furnaces. During the first one (7th–10th c.), the production was probably restricted to the local market. During the second period (11th–13th c.), it multiplied by 25.Most of workstations are situated in the Beli River’s valley, in the North zone, but there are very tight links with settlements of the South zone, where the iconographic themes of rock engravings help to characterize the local population. It was a hybrid society, basically Sudanian with Berber influence and a Muslim varnish. The geographic distribution of a specific type of slag-pit furnace allows to locate its territory between the Niger River’s valley and the ancient springs of the Beli River.Arab-Muslim texts allude regularly to a limit of the Islam World at bilād al-Sūdān. It is argued that his symbolic boundary was situated south from Kukia / Bentia. It overlaps with geologic, climatic and cultural limits. Beyond is the world of animism, the land of gold and iron.Situated precisely in between those two worlds, this society could have been both a strategic and commercial go-between
Gorgues, Alexis. "Economie et société dans le nord-est du monde ibérique et ses marges (250/25 av. J. -C. )." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20099.
Full textThe aim of this study is a qualtitative evualation (a substantivist one, following K. Polanyi's investigations tradition) of the economics systems developed by the societies of the last three centuries of the Iron age, in a geographical area including Catalonia and eastern Aragon in Spain, and the currents departements of the Orientals Pyrenees, Aude, Hérault, Ariège and Haute-Garonne in France; the northern and western boundaries of this study area were delimited on the evidence of the use of the "iberian levantine" script. After having introduced the area of study and discussed the elements in relation with chronology (especially homogenizing the differents dating systems used in the differents regions studied), the investigation will follow a chronological way, aiming at the definition of the bases of the economies of the Iron age (VI th c. BC-IIIrd c. BC), their state at the very beginning of the roman conquest (between –250 and –200), and its effects (between –200vand –25)
Balza, Maria Elena. "Un monde de signes et de figures. : Monuments, reliefs, inscriptions hiéroglyphiques en Anatolie entre âge du Bronze et âge du Fer." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0070/document.
Full textThe main goal of the research work is to present a survey on the Anatolian hieroglyphic script between the middle of the 2nd millennium BC – when a series of symbols already known and used in Anatolia takes the form of a proper writing system – and the first centuries of the 1st millennium BC. The text corpus chosen as case study mainly consists of the monumental inscriptions dating to the Hittite Empire Period. These inscriptions and their main characteristics have been subsequently compared with some representative texts dating to the Neo-Hittite period. Concerning the methodological aspects of the research, instead of a philological and linguistic analysis of the corpus taken into consideration, it has been preferred an approach able to take into account the social practices connected with the use of the writing system. According to this methodological choice, special attention has been paid to the text carriers, the organization of the texts’ layout, the role played by the authors and the scribes, the ‘consumption’ of the texts by the target audience, and the political and ideological character of the inscriptions. In addition, in the light of the fundamental nature of the Anatolian hieroglyphic system, the signs of which are both images and signs of writing, particular attention has also been paid to the link existing between ‘writing’ and ‘visual’ codes, and especially to the ambiguous relationship existing between the iconographic and textual elements of the inscriptions
Mehmedi, Rijad. "Recherches sur les ivoires du Proche-Orient ancien (Âge du Bronze - Âge du Fer) : les documents égyptisants et leurs sources égyptiennes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG036.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is the study of a group of ivories found in several sites of the ancient Near East, known as egyptianizing ivories. We studied various interpretations as to the origin and meaning of these objects by consulting the bibliographic sources at our disposal. Without proposing a fundamental revision of the hypotheses made so far, this study, based on archaeological, iconographical and textual evidence, tries to highlight the different routes of transmission of the Egyptian iconographic motifs into the iconographical repertoire of the Ancient Near East, with a special emphasis on the art of ivory carving. After a general discussion on the ivory and the various sources available to the artists of antiquity, we concluded that the egyptianizing ivories were the product of local artists of the ancient Near East, that were inspired by the Egyptian art, either through trade or through the Egyptian artefacts found at several sites in the Levant. As for the interpretation of these motifs, we believe that the artists of the Ancient Near East have represented Egyptian cult objects without necessarily understanding the religious or symbolic meaning that these motifs had for the Egyptians. That said, these artists were not completely unaware of the general message attached to these objects; they have adopted and adapted the Egyptian iconography by following the conventions of the ancient neareastern art according to their needs
Alaj, Premtim. "Les habitats de l'Age du fer sur le territoire de l'actuel Kosovo." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2097.
Full textThis doctoral thesis deals with documented Iron Age habitats on the territory of presentday Kosovo, which represents an area of 10 887 km², corresponding to the central part of the ancient Dardania which also extended to the south from Serbia, north of Macedonia, to the northeast of Albania. This dissertation is divided in two main parts). (In the first part is presentedcatalog of all sites), excavated or not, known to date, classified by typology and size, accompanied by a description of the characteristics of the habitats and archaeological materials, to establish their chronology. The corpus comprises a total of 45 habitats, of which 29 have been excavated. On the basis of the material studied, the chronology can be divided into four phases: The oldest XI-IX century BC. J.-C, is a transition phase between the recent Bronze and the old Iron; then the Iron Age is divided into two periods: the first phase of the Iron Age (8th-7th centuries BC), and the second phase of the Iron Age (6th - 4th century BC); the last phase corresponds to the Hellenistic period until the arrival of the Romans (IV-I centuries BC). Thesecond part provides a summary of the 1. Typology and distribution of inhabited areas, taking into account their relationship with necropolises, 2. The extent of habitats and their architectural features, and 3. The material culture they harbored. Three types of habitats were identified: highrise habitats, terrace dwellings and lowland habitats; these habitats can be grouped into four regions, with the exception of the Valaç habitat, which remains an isolated case in the north of the country; in each region, the sites are visible from each other. The necropolises, 51 in total, also occupy an important place. There are two types of necropolis: the tumular necropolises - the most numerous, and the non-tumular necropolises. For both types, their main characteristics, distribution, chronology, funerary rites and their relation to habitats were studied. The second chapter made it possible to establish a hierarchy of habitats according to their size, to distinguish four types of fortification, and to present the first known plans of Dardanian huts. The last chapter of the thesis studies the dishes and the objects of domestic life. For each chronological phase, the nature of the pasta and the characteristic forms that make it possible to follow the continuities and the innovations are given. The material studied shows that, alongside food storage and food preparation, metallurgical and weaving activities are also important. Finally, the importation and local imitation of Greek vases related to the consumption of wine, present in the habitats as in the necropolises, poses the problem of the adoption of the practice of the "symposion"
Fabre, Jean-Marc. "Sidérurgie ancienne au Sahel : archéologie d'un district métallurgique de la fin de l'âge du Fer (Markoye, province de l'Oudalan, Burkina Faso)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20085/document.
Full textThe surveys carried out in the extreme north of Burkina Faso have led to the identification of more than 150 metallurgical sites.Two production periods have been distinguished, based on the type of slag-pit furnaces. During the first one (7th–10th c.), the production was probably restricted to the local market. During the second period (11th–13th c.), it multiplied by 25.Most of workstations are situated in the Beli River’s valley, in the North zone, but there are very tight links with settlements of the South zone, where the iconographic themes of rock engravings help to characterize the local population. It was a hybrid society, basically Sudanian with Berber influence and a Muslim varnish. The geographic distribution of a specific type of slag-pit furnace allows to locate its territory between the Niger River’s valley and the ancient springs of the Beli River.Arab-Muslim texts allude regularly to a limit of the Islam World at bilād al-Sūdān. It is argued that his symbolic boundary was situated south from Kukia / Bentia. It overlaps with geologic, climatic and cultural limits. Beyond is the world of animism, the land of gold and iron.Situated precisely in between those two worlds, this society could have been both a strategic and commercial go-between
Hautenauve, Hélène. "Les Torques d'or du second âge du fer en Europe : : techniques, typologies et symbolique." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10127.
Full textVial, Éloïse. "Les représentations animales en métal du second âge du Fer en Europe moyenne tempérée." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA1029.
Full textThe corpus of reference is constituted of three hundred metal animals in the round. The discovery concerns temperate Europe. The Celts selected the animals to be represented: wild boars, bovines, horses, deers, dogs, birds and undetermined four-footed. These small sculptures are artefacts bearing a zoomorphic decoration or ornaments such as, for example, on vessel. The archaeological context of their discovery isn't linked to oppida. The chronological questions are reviewed and comparisons are made with other representations of animals. Animal figuration is characterized by a strong stylisation of shapes, far from the realistic representation of the roman period. The study of these small finds aims to stress the relationship that the Gaelic society used to have with the images of specific animals
Fevre, Danielle. "Le fer et la porte au Moyen âge dans le Royaume de France et en Roussillon : (XIIe-XVe siècle)." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1008.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to locate and to understand the role of the iron affixed on doors in the Middle Ages. A volume is dedicated to the inventory ( the most complete possible) of all the still visible medieval ironwork in the old Kingdom of France and in Roussillon, even on some furniture. We have to admit that the corpus so constituted gathers almost exclusively doors of churches. The other volume tries to draw up a chronological table of the lay out of the iron on doors in connection with the evolution of the work of the wood. A chapter is dedicated to the techniques of forge (extraction of the iron and the shaping). It appears that all the iron serves essentially as element of cohesion, reinforcement and sometimes protection, a part only being hinges. It is very present in the second half of the XIIth and first half of the XIIIth century. Then it loses of the importance and is gradually going to disappear during the XIVth century. Beyond the technical aspect, the artistic value of the iron on the door of church is far from being unimportant. This one had to participate in the decoration in the same way as the reliefs affixed on the outer walls, the capitals or the eardrums. Furthermore, the function of the door of separation between the inside of the building and the outside world conferred it a particular role and the door could carry a message translated in the iron. Finally, the representation of doors in the medieval imaging and the transcription of ironwork in the drawing are also called to mind
Jasmin, Michaël. "L'étude de la transition du Bronze récent II au fer I en Palestine méridionale." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010632.
Full textFages, Brieuc. "Les nitiobroges : recherches sur l'Agenais dans l'antiquité : (âge du fer, époque gallo-romaine, antiquité tardive)." Bordeaux 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR30017.
Full textThe agenais is a little country of the middle regions of the garonne. Its name comes from agen, notobroges' county town during the antiquity. This celtic people probably settled on the third century bc on the north bank of the garonne. It was only at the augustean age that its territory expanded beyond the river, giving birth to the historic agenais. The garonne has weakened the agenais, as a political or cultural border, between the northern areas (celtic gaul during the iron age, aquitania in the early middle age) and the southern ones (aquitania during the iron age, gascony in the early middle age). Nevertheless, this country wich has been partly structured by the southern-northern protohistoric axes, has kept its specificity, given birth to the lot-etgaronne, geographical department. Since the iron age, the human settlement has concentrated near the waterways, especially near the garonne and the lot. Those two rivers have attracted populations, cultural influences and goods, coming from central and easter gaul of from the mediterranean area
Dechezleprêtre, Thierry. "La basse vallée de la Seine au second âge du fer : une approche di territoire." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010698.
Full textTroubady, Murielle. "Circulation et diffusion monétaire chez les Turons et les Carnutes au second âge du Fer." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2015.
Full textThe celtic coinages of peoples turon and carnute never been a synthesis more go deeper, so we made our subject of study. Our speech is on apperance and development of money in the average Loire. This zone is fundamental for the understanding of the functioning of the systems of exchanges in Gaul but also between the Mediterranean Sea and the North of Europe in final La Tène. These networks of exchange were revealed when a typo- chronological reference table was established for every territory whilst focussing on the origin and function of the money as well. We were able to shed light on the precocity of potin and bronze coinages as well as emission zones that have changed between the second and the first century before our era
Verna, Catherine. "Le temps des moulines : le fer et son exploitation du comté de Foix à la vicomté de Béarn (fin du XIIe siècle - fin du XVe siècle)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010700.
Full textMarliac, Alain. "Le post-néolithique en région sahélo-soudanienne : exemples camerounais." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010504.
Full textThe definition of the strategic period called iron age requires in terra incognita a regional approach established on dated corpus and sequences of prehistoric civilizations. The sequential typology obtained allows to propose the first hypotheses about traditional peoplings whose roots go beyond any written records. Two civilizations occupy the diamare area : salakian and mongossian devlopping from ad 500 into two phases, the second one beginning together with a climatic deterioration in the 14th century ad. The both differ from the traditional cultures known from their material kit. Those scattered and individualistic civilizations badly resisted the neighbouring states : bornu, baghirmi, mandara and the migrations following their blows re-aggregations followed the spliting and brought about new groups ancestors of the traditional cultures. Salakian and mongossian ended in the 17th century ad, the earliest period referred to by to-day oral traditions
Chemsseddoha, Anne-Zahra. "Les modes funéraires de l'âge du fer en Macedoine : étude d'histoires régionales." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20107.
Full textSince the first excavations in the burial mounds cemetery in Vergina during the 1950s, the new discoveries and different works led in Macedonia have yielded important new data, updating our vision of the burial customs during the Iron Age. The burial mounds, characteristic of northern Greece are not anymore the only known type of cemetery. The data analysis depicts a rich and eclectic representation of the burial practices in this vast area between the Balkans and the Aegean Sea. Based on a catalogue of cemeteries dated from the 11th to the 7th century B. C., located between the eastern slopes of the Pindus range and the region of Drama, we propose a survey of burial customs and question this diversity which is particularly striking in Macedonia. As a result, we propose a complex funerary map of several regions with their own features that can be compared with the funerary ideologies and beliefs reflected in the burial gifts, whose distribution pattern are different
Al, Besso Moussab. "Recherches archéozoologiques sur le Levant nord à l'âge du fer." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2078.
Full textThis work, an archaeozoological study, deals with the food economy of an Iron Age settlement, relying on the faunal remains from the site of Tell Tweini as its prime source. It also endeavours to analyse the way animals were exploited at the time in the Levantine area. In the Iron Age, animal economy was based on the breeding of domestic animals, chiefly ovicaprids and bovines, and on taking advantage of the various products it generated (meat, milk, wool, skin, etc.). Hunting and fishing had a part as well in the sustenance of Iron Age populations and provided a food supplement. The archaeozoological analysis contributes to highlighting the breeders’ know-how in running livestock and the special status held by certain animal species in the areas of commerce – especially equids and dromedaries – or of ritual life.Although general trends in the eating habits of Levant populations could be brought to light in the course of the present study, numerous specificities displayed by the remains of the different sites are worth mentioning. These can be the outcome of several factors, such as environment (i.e. climate conditions, vegetation, reliefs), the socio-political system or economic choices
Escudé-Quillet, Jean-Marie. "Du complexe pyrénéen au complexe sud-aquitain : la fin de l'âge du Bronze et l'âge du Fer de l'Aquitaine méridionale : fin de l'âge du Bronze - courant du IVe siècle avant notre ère." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20062.
Full textThe study of Bronze Age end and Iron Age of southern Aquitaine (9th - course of 4th century B. C. ) has been developed according to three axes. Results of two recent excavations have led to the definition of five sequences in Aquitaine Iron age. Bronze Age end and Iron Age beginning (9th - 7th century B. C. ) have been isolated in Lamarque-Pontacq 24 tumulus. Its particularities (presence of funeral-pyre at hillock basis) have allowed a sites group with identical configurations. Iron age from beginning until course of 4th century, has been isolated from Ibos A. 64. I tumulus excavation results. The presence of fifty nine burials has allowed a chronotopographic study of their repartition. Seven groups, identified by their burial period, have been brought to the fore. Secondly, taking into account the whole vestiges discovered in southern Aquitaine, we have been able to define its geographic boundaries. It extended between southern Pyrenees, north and east Adour, and on the eastside, until la Neste. It seems that it did not reach Atlantic Ocean. Metallic vestiges are characterized by a large utilization of iron fore weapons and ornamental objects. Vessels have an original decor made up by different arrangements of slots. At last, the data synthesis allowed tackling identity and relationships of south Aquitaine with its neighbourhood. If, during middle Bronze Age, this region was cut off from southern exchange flows, it is totally included in Pyrenean complex since recent Bronze Age. This new situation has led to oriental influences emergences, grand-basin I being a classical example. More recently, in Iron Age apogee, these first influences will decrease in aid of Aquitaine influences and especially peninsular ones. In fact, since 4th century B. C. , all burial vestiges will come from Celtiberian regions, situated between the Duero and the Jalon
Bendezu-Sarmiento, Julio. "Archéologie de la mort, nécropoles, gestes funéraires et anthroplogie biologique des populations Andronovo et Saka de l'âge du bronze à l'âge du fer au Kazakhstan : IIe et Ier millénaire av. J.-C." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010581.
Full textLe, Dreff Thomas. "Productions céramiques et échanges au Second âge du Fer dans le sud-ouest de la France." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20047.
Full textIn the Second Iron Age, the Southwest of France showed a particular socio-economic situation in a space where goods, men and ideas were circulating. Many peoples were in contact there, including two major ethnic groups, the Celts and the Aquitains. Although pottery is by far the most abundant furniture found in the settlements of this period, we do not know well its chaîne opératoire and its way of circulation. First, this Phd research focused on restudying the ceramic production based on potters’ workshops, as the Southwest concentrated the most numerous workshops in Celtic Europe. Wasted pieces of furniture have been found in these workshops and suggest that local ceramics encountered there did not necessarily represent the overall production. This ceramic has been analysed thanks to a discriminant protocol, including a focus on macro-traces. This approach has underlined the conditions in which these pieces of ceramic can be considered to be the reflection of the whole workshops’ production. Pottery has also been analysed from a technological, typo-chronological and stylistic point of view. In the area of Toulouse, we have extended the study to consumption sites (grouped settlements and rural settlements), which allowed us to study not only the relationships between these sites, but also between the pottery’s workshops within that area. Through the study case of Aiguillon type stamped jars, the question of the regional circulation of ceramic productions has been approached in a more concrete way thanks to petrology analysis. Finally, the history of the societies of Southwestern France has been reevaluated through the PhD research by paying a particular attention to potters’ social status, to the role played by pottery’s workshops in the economy of the ceramic production, and to unsolved issues about the facies of the material culture in the area
Le, Dreff Thomas. "Productions céramiques et échanges au Second âge du Fer dans le sud-ouest de la France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20047.
Full textIn the Second Iron Age, the Southwest of France showed a particular socio-economic situation in a space where goods, men and ideas were circulating. Many peoples were in contact there, including two major ethnic groups, the Celts and the Aquitains. Although pottery is by far the most abundant furniture found in the settlements of this period, we do not know well its chaîne opératoire and its way of circulation. First, this Phd research focused on restudying the ceramic production based on potters’ workshops, as the Southwest concentrated the most numerous workshops in Celtic Europe. Wasted pieces of furniture have been found in these workshops and suggest that local ceramics encountered there did not necessarily represent the overall production. This ceramic has been analysed thanks to a discriminant protocol, including a focus on macro-traces. This approach has underlined the conditions in which these pieces of ceramic can be considered to be the reflection of the whole workshops’ production. Pottery has also been analysed from a technological, typo-chronological and stylistic point of view. In the area of Toulouse, we have extended the study to consumption sites (grouped settlements and rural settlements), which allowed us to study not only the relationships between these sites, but also between the pottery’s workshops within that area. Through the study case of Aiguillon type stamped jars, the question of the regional circulation of ceramic productions has been approached in a more concrete way thanks to petrology analysis. Finally, the history of the societies of Southwestern France has been reevaluated through the PhD research by paying a particular attention to potters’ social status, to the role played by pottery’s workshops in the economy of the ceramic production, and to unsolved issues about the facies of the material culture in the area
Gransar, Frédéric. "Le stockage alimentaire à l'âge du fer en Europe tempérée." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010526.
Full textBernard, Loup. "Confrontation de deux régions de l'Europe celtique à l'âge du fer : les cas de la Provence et du Baden-Wu͏̈rttemberg." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10040.
Full textMasetti-Rouault, Maria Grazia. "Pouvoir assyrien et pouvoirs locaux : idéologie, conceptions religieuses et politiques au Moyen-Euphrate à l'Age du Fer." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040043.
Full textThis dissertation is based on a research about the historical situation of the syrian middle euphrates and low khabur valleys, during the twelft-ninth centuries bc. The area is considered settled only by half. Nomadic aramaic tribes, and occupied by an assyrian colonial administration. The analysis of the archaeological evidence and of the anthropological models of the settlements in the area has shown the presence of a local urban society. A study of the cuneiform text and of the iconography of a basalt stele dated at the beginning of the minth century, found in 1948 in tell ashara, the ancient city of terqa, shows that it is not the product of a strongly assyrian-influenced milieu, as previously assumed, but a creation of the local community. The iconography of the stele and the literary characteristics of the text show the relationship of this local culture with middle and late bronze age syrian civilisation, with the western semitic world but also with hittie and hurrian southern anatolia. Its roots are anyway in the classical mesopotamian urban culture. If this area must be considered the homeland of aramaic civilisation, then it means that aramaic society is not as just-settled, half-nomandic and tribal oriented as it is supposed usually to be. The local community of the middle euphrates owns a highly developed classical urban culture, and it is organised by a complex social structure in which the steppe-people are also integrated. The identification of this historitical and cultural background can be useful for a better understanding of the formation of aramaic states from the ninth century on
Arnoux, Mathieu. "Etudes sur la production, le travail et le commerce du fer dans la Normandie médiévale (XIe-XVe siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0052.
Full textKiéthéga, Jean-Baptiste. "La métallurgie lourde du fer au Burkina Faso." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010529.
Full textFiedler, Garance. "Le monde phrygien du Xe s. Au IVe s. Avant notre ère : culture matérielle,territoires et structures sociales." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10060.
Full textGuichard, Vincent. "Arvernes et Ségusiaves au second âge du fer : contribution à l'étude des sociétés gauloises de France centrale." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOL019.
Full textThis thesis is a compilation of studies that consider several aspects of the archaeological evidence available in the north of massif central (France) for the period of the late iron age (3rd-1st centuries B. -C. ) : "typo-chronology" of several categories of artefacts (namely pottery, coins, jewelry), spatial cultural divisions (through funeral practices and pottery), and evolution of the Gallic society subsequent to the appearance of the oppida (at the turn of the 2nd and 1st centuries) and to Romanization. We defend that the most important social change of the period (and the one the bene fit of which was amplified after the roman conquest) for this region is not the one induced by oppida but the slow organization of society started in the 3rd century: the setting up of stable commercial routes and large size open settlements, the stabilization of regional political entities (the Caesar's civitates) and of a political elite
Khet, Nini. "Les objets en fer protohistoriques de Haute Birmanie : réalisation d’un corpus, classement typologique, approches morphologique et technologique." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S148.
Full textThe thesis, the very first study of this type in Myanmar, inventory, class and study of 330 iron objects from Upper Myanmar found fortuitously or during archaeological excavation of protohistoric burial, mainly in the Samon valley: 47% are the tools, 41% can be assimilated to the weapons of hunting or war, 1,8% to the ornaments while 9,7% correspond to the fragments of non identified. All theses functional objects considered as belonging to the defunct played a role in the funeral rituals. The valley, like the neighbouring regions, has been provided for the iron mineral. The blacksmiths had been produced iron instruments in modest scale, by using the small bloomery furnaces. This iron of the Samon valley was produced by direct reduction, like in the other countries of Southeast Asia and in India. The microstructures reveal that it was forging. There are no traces, like we observed in China, of white cast iron and gray cast iron which can be obtained by indirect reduction. Any trace of importation of the steel was detected. If the cementation was employed, it was badly controlled since the carbon content is heterogeneous including in the cemented areas. There is no the moulded iron objects. The bronze handle of the bimetallic sword contemporary was, on the other hand, casting like in China and in Vietnam. The iron objects from the Samon valley appeared less variety than those the first urban population of Upper Burma (Pyu sites). A work of restoration permitted to obtain the further information
Rodrigues, Vanessa. "Parures et échanges au premier âge du Fer, des Pyrénées à l'Atlantique (VIIIe-Ve siècles avant JC)." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU2017/document.
Full textMy PhD thesis deals with the personal ornaments of the South Atlantic area (Portugal, northern Spain, southern Aquitaine) of the first Iron Age (8th - 5th centuries BC). Long regarded as simple chronological tracers, and sometimes only appreciated for their sumptuary character, they have, for now, never been subject to a synthesis work. My investigation focused on two directions: first, to take into account all the personal ornaments, regardless of types and materials and, then, to initiate a study on the artistic interaction from the Pyrenees to the Atlantic. This approach can now be undertaken through recent archaeological evidence recovered in regional studies and researches on the paleo-ethnogenesis of Iberian Peninsula communities. The first step in the research is to collect and order the corpus of personal adornments made by the north-peninsular and Aquitanian workshops to provide a descriptive catalogue. The strategy chosen is a stylistic analysis in order to differentiate the local production from the importations. This method is associated with a spatial, temporal and functional analysis in order to establish stylistic areas and traffic networks. From stylistic continuities and changes established from one area to another, the question of art exchanges is put into perspective with identity, socio-economic and cultural-historic societies motivations. Therefore, a global approach to these personal ornaments could not overlook its mode of expression whether it refers to the individual or collective identity. I have discussed this issue from two angles: the first apprehend how a given community build its identity in relation to its neighbors while the second asks how one person makes its individual identity in its relationship with others in using a particular ornament
Fischer, Claire-Elise. "Apports de l’archéogénétique à l’étude des groupes du Second âge du Fer en France : Approche multi-scalaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0332.
Full textIn Europe, and more precisely in France, the Iron Age is divided into two periods: the First (800-400 BC) and the Late Iron Age (400-25 BC). This one is often associated with Celtic cultures, which have been shown to be unified through the study of Celtic art. But this apparent unity is now being questioned through recent archaeological work. While cultural diversity is well known from an archaeological point of view, it is still poorly addressed from a biological point of view. The aim of this work is to provide an unprecedented palaeogenetic and palaeogenetic analysis of individuals from three necropolises in northern France, distributed along the Seine valley, a major axis of exchange between the English Channel and Burgundy. A total of 106 haplogroups, 87 mitochondrial haplotypes and 15 paternal lines were characterized. Furthermore, 12 genomes with low coverage were obtained. At the local level, a systematic comparison of the data obtained with the available biological and archaeological records was carried out, which revealed different ways of functioning. The necropolis of Urville-Nacqueville (Normandy) appears to have a cosmopolitan population, while the one of Gurgy "Les Noisats" (Yonne) is most likely being used by a local community. The cases of Barbuise "Les Grèves de Frécul" (Yonne) and Urville-Nacqueville also reveal the complexity of the social organization of these Iron Age groups through the organisation of the funeral space. Although these necropolises host diverse communities, they share a high mitochondrial diversity, an absence of grouping based on maternal ties and a low diversity of paternal lines. These results form a cohesive set of evidence supporting a patrilocal matrimonial system and a patrilineal filiation, consistent with the data in the literature. At the regional level, the results show that sites located in the lower Seine Valley share more affinities with groups in the south of England, while those in the upper Seine Valley are closer to the populations of eastern France and occupy an intermediate position between the north and south of France, highlighting a genetic structure of these groups based on their location along this river axis. Finally, on a continental scale, the results show that the Iron Age communities of Western Europe form a consistent genetic cluster and show genetic continuity with the Bronze Age groups. The data obtained are consistent with archaeological hypotheses that focus on an economic, political and/or climatic transition to explain the Bronze Age to Iron Age transition, in agreement with the local evolution of the groups as perceived at the genetic level
Cabanillas, de la Torre Gadea. "Arts et sociétés celtiques du second âge du Fer en Europe occidentale : la céramique à décor estampé." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010619.
Full textThe aim of this work is to analyse the decorative systems of the main stamped pottery production areas in western Europe in order to investigate the factors explaining its simultaneous adoption in several distant regions. The first part of the thesis consists of an analysis of Iron Age stamped decoration in the Armorican peninsula, the Middle Rhine and the south and north-western Iberian Peninsula. Regional inventories and typochronologies of the decorations are presented. The inclusion of context studies and the use of statistical analyses bring new insights to the body of work which has previously engaged with this subject. In the second part, the data are interpreted in order to put forward hypotheses on the distribution, evolution and social function of stamped decoration. The comparison of decorative elements and structures, pottery shapes and practical functions of stamped items in each region suggests three axes of coherence: Atlantic, Continental and Iberian. Stamped styles are interpreted as regional systems connected to multipolar networks reaching far beyond the study area. Their evolution is linked to social changes visible through other material evidence - settlement patterns, funerary customs, other art items – between the 5th and 2nd c. BC. Between codification and variability, stamped decorations owe their success to their inclusion in networks where each object references and stands for its users’ overlapping social identifications
El objetivo de la tesis es analizar los principales focos de creación de cerámica estampillada de Europa occidental en la Edad del Hierro. El trabajo se centra en el estudio de las cuatro zonas donde la densidad de hallazgos es más importante: el Suroeste y el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica, la península armoricana y el valle medio del Rin. El estudio incluye los recipientes cerámicos decorados mediante impresión por estampillas entre mediados del s. V y finales del s. II a. C. Este tipo de hallazgos aparecen prácticamente en toda Europa en este período, siendo los focos más importantes los estudiados en este trabajo, junto con Bohemia y Moravia y el valle medio del Danubio en la actual Baviera. La elección de las cuatro zonas de estudio, por tanto, responde a la importancia cuantitativa y la variedad cualitativa de los conjuntos de cerámica estampillada que de ellas proceden, que las convierten en representativas del fenómeno y su variabilidad geográfica y cronológica. Las cuestiones planteadas por estas observaciones sirven de hilo conductor del trabajo: - La discontinuidad geográfica de los focos de producción de cerámica estampillada sugiere la posibilidad tanto de desarrolos independientes convergentes como de contactos entre las diferentes zonas. Este problema justifica la dimensión a la vez regional y continental del análisis. - La utilización de esta técnica durante prácticamente toda la Segunda Edad del Hierro requiere una revisión de los datos que permita establecer cronologías precisas y sincronías entre las diferentes áreas. - La elección estética y técnica del estampillado como medio de expresión artística distingue a algunas regiones del Occidente europeo. ¿Qué factores técnicos, estéticos y sociales pudieron influir en esta preferencia? Esta pregunta implica plantear la cuestión de la multiplicidad del “arte celta”. El estampillado sobre cerámica se aborda, por lo tanto, como técnica artística. Su desarrollo en la Edad del Hierro europea se encuadra en el denominado “arte celta” en la medida en que todas las zonas pertenecen a dicha familia lingüística y cultural. Sin embargo, la inclusión del mundo de La Tène y de la Península Ibérica plantea preguntas sobre esta categoría. Adoptando una definición del arte como una categoría funcional, el estudio de la función social del estilo estampillado debe permitir aclarar esta y otras cuestiones
Rolland, Joëlle. "L'artisanat du verre dans le monde celtique au second âge du Fer : approches archéométriques, technologiques et sociales." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H124.
Full textThis thesis aims to approach the Iron Age glass-making through a socio-economic perspective. To do so, a muldisciplinary method has been developed, combining archaeological data with archaeometrical and technological approaches. lt allowed us to reconstruct, step by step, the commodity chains analysis of this craft, only dedicated to jewelry productions, from the raw material production, its transformation into items of adornments but also its distribution and its consumption processes by La Tène societies. The analysis on La Tène Glass characterization (done by LA-ICP-MS), including more than seven hundred glass abjects, permitted to distinguish sands from different origins used to make the imported natron base glass. It also highlighted different recipes according to the chemical features of the glasses. The technological approach, combining ethnoarchaeological and experimental referentials, shown the high-Ievels of expertise required to produce these objects. Moreover, glass abjects production required Near-Eastern raw material, implying transport over long distances and specialized and trained craftsmen. At the end of La Tène period, the observed increase and simplification of production couId be linked with a choice of efficiency in response to new population categories' needs. Glass beads and bracelets are luxury productions and their consumption evolves alongside the hierarchisation of La Tène societies. This study reveals conspicuous consumption practices depending on the networks organization of goods, specialized craftsmen and production structures only dedicated to the production of objects used for distinction
Rolland, Joëlle. "L'artisanat du verre dans le monde celtique au second âge du Fer : approches archéométriques, technologiques et sociales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H124.
Full textThis thesis aims to approach the Iron Age glass-making through a socio-economic perspective. To do so, a muldisciplinary method has been developed, combining archaeological data with archaeometrical and technological approaches. lt allowed us to reconstruct, step by step, the commodity chains analysis of this craft, only dedicated to jewelry productions, from the raw material production, its transformation into items of adornments but also its distribution and its consumption processes by La Tène societies. The analysis on La Tène Glass characterization (done by LA-ICP-MS), including more than seven hundred glass abjects, permitted to distinguish sands from different origins used to make the imported natron base glass. It also highlighted different recipes according to the chemical features of the glasses. The technological approach, combining ethnoarchaeological and experimental referentials, shown the high-Ievels of expertise required to produce these objects. Moreover, glass abjects production required Near-Eastern raw material, implying transport over long distances and specialized and trained craftsmen. At the end of La Tène period, the observed increase and simplification of production couId be linked with a choice of efficiency in response to new population categories' needs. Glass beads and bracelets are luxury productions and their consumption evolves alongside the hierarchisation of La Tène societies. This study reveals conspicuous consumption practices depending on the networks organization of goods, specialized craftsmen and production structures only dedicated to the production of objects used for distinction
Scrinzi, Maxime. "Archéologie de la vallée du Vidourle : dynamique spatio-temporelle du peuplement de l'âge du Fer à l'an Mil." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30067/document.
Full textFrom its source to the Mediterranean Sea, the Vidourle valley, 95 km long, meets the various landscapes of the low-Languedoc géo-system. Through its journey, the river runs across the Cévennes (a small chain of mountains), the karstik hills, the garrigue and the camargue. This very rich natural environment is a perfect field for spatio-temporal analysis of settlements from the Iron Age to the High Middle Ages. Occupied since millenaries, this valley is of great archaeological wealth and allow us to question the behavior of man towards a river, through his travels and his way to develop the land, but also provides some answers on the roles of streams in this development. Based on many already advanced archaeological works (excavations, surveys, geomorphological analysis), this study was completed by new fieldworks in the upper valley of the river, expanding our knowledge of the settlement and helping us to provide a database of 832 archeological sites on which this analysis is based. Combining archeology, history and geography, along with the use of well known methods of studies (G.I.S, statistics, etc.), this research highlights the desire to offer a review of the issue of dynamics in valley of Vidourle. The broad chronological framework strengthens this desire and gives a more complete picture of the history of human occupation
Fassion, Franck. "Occupation humaine et interactions sociétés-milieu dans les massifs du Livradois-Forez ( massif central, France) de la fin du second Âge du fer au haut Moyen âge." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30459/30459.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to identify human occupation and exploitation of the environment of marginal territories in the Livradois-Forez, which include the cities of Arverne, Segusiave, and Vellave, and to investigate the regional integration of these localities from the second Iron Age to the Early Middle Age. This thesis is conducted from a dynamic, diachronic, and systemic perspective, and utilizes a landscape archaeology approach to explore the relations between societies, in particular their economies, and the environment. The research presented crosses archaeology and the environmental sciences in order to increase knowledge of the setting in which these societies evolved and the possible human influences on it, but it also identifies social-economic and cultural processes. The completion of this project required three stages: first, the integration of research and syntheses developed from research programs in which I collaborated; second, the synthesis of the archaeological data; third, the acquisition of new data through archaeological field surveys and through the analysis of plant macrofossils from peatlands. Four sectors that reflect key components of the landscape have been used. As far as possible, research in each sector included archaeological surveys and paleoenvironmental research. Interdisciplinary archaeological, paleoecological, and geoarchaeological studies, combined with GIS, exhibit a heterogenous development that can be seen in two economic cycles: the first, from the Second Iron Age to the High Roman Empire; the second, from the Late Roman Empire to the Early Middle Age. For each economic cycle, human land use and the exploitation of the environment reflect strategies and social-economic choices driven by topography, climate, and available resources (particularly agricultural resources, but also the presence of wood and ore). The proximity of routes of communication reflects important pools of population and the centers of the three cities. Each stage of environmental exploitation is marked by an increase of erosion, peat initiation, and changes in the use of the oldest peatland. Finally, this border area seems to be integrated into the regional economy.
Willigens, Marie-Pierre. "Structures d'habitats à L'Age du Fer en région Rhône-Alpes." Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA1018.
Full textCuré, Anne-Marie. "La céramique de cuisine tournée et les pratiques culinaires à l'âge du Fer en Gaule méditerranéenne." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30080.
Full textThis work on wheel-made cooking ware and culinary practices is structured in two complementary parts, which aim to give an overview of the culinary activities of Mediterranean Gaul societies during the Iron Age (i. e. from the end of the 7th century to the end of the 3rd century BC). The first part is dedicated to the study of cooking ware and mortars produced on the French coastline and imported from the Mediterranean basin. The typo-chronological analysis is based on a wide bibliographical corpus and on unpublished data. It constitutes a starting point for a reflection on the organization of regionalproductions, on the import dynamics of Mediterranean productions and on the pottery use within the framework of culinary activities. The second part enlarges the analytical framework to all the kitchen and table ware, to the tools and areas related to the culinary practices, as well as to the food consumed. Stress is laid on the gestures linked to the preparation activities by offering an ethnographic reading. The functional and cultural approach of the different objects allows to work on the existence of consumption patterns, to estimate the impact of ethnic and cultural contacts on the consumption practices,as well as to investigate the heuristic value of the culinary practices for the definition of ethnic and cultural groups and the analysis of their significance in terms of identity