Relevant bibliographies by topics / Age-matched controls

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Age-matched controls'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Age-matched controls"

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Shinn, Eileen H., Richard J. Swartz, Bob B. Thornton, Philippe E. Spiess, Louis L. Pisters, and Karen M. Basen-Engquist. "Testis Cancer Survivors' Health Behaviors: Comparison With Age-Matched Relative and Demographically Matched Population Controls." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 13 (May 1, 2010): 2274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.23.9608.

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Purpose To determine the prevalence rate of health behaviors in testis cancer survivors and to determine whether the rate of health behaviors in survivors was significantly different than those of their age-matched relative controls and a population-based control group matched for age, sex, education, and income. Patients and Methods The health behaviors of 162 testis cancer survivors were compared with their age-matched relative controls (n = 74) and an age-, sex-, education-, and income-matched population-based control group (n ranged from 1,123 to 9,775). Health behaviors were assessed with the telephone-administered Behavioral Risk Factor and Surveillance Survey. Results Nearly one in five testis cancer survivors reported current smoking and one third reported problem drinking. Only 11% reported having at least five servings of fruits and vegetables per day. Compared with their relative controls, the survivors were more likely to engage in regular exercise. For those participants who drank, survivors were twice as likely to engage in problem drinking and averaged a higher number of drinks compared to their Centers for Disease Control (CDC) controls. Survivors were also half as likely to have at least five servings of fruits and vegetables per day compared with the CDC controls. Conclusion The overall picture regarding testis cancer survivors' health behaviors was mixed compared with the relative and CDC control groups. Our results suggest that reduced alcohol use and increased fruit and vegetable consumption may be important targets for future disease prevention in testis cancer survivors.
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Ezeugwu, Victor Emeka, Matthew Olaogun, Chidozie Emmanuel Mbada, and Rufus Adedoyin. "Comparative Lung Function Performance of Stroke Survivors and Age-matched and Sex-matched Controls." Physiotherapy Research International 18, no. 4 (January 29, 2013): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pri.1547.

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Savage, Robert, Ulla Patni, Norah Frederickson, Roz Goodwin, Nicola Smith, and Louise Tuersley. "Evaluating Current Deficit Theories of Poor Reading: Role of Phonological Processing, Naming Speed, Balance Automaticity, Rapid Verbal Perception and Working Memory." Perceptual and Motor Skills 101, no. 2 (October 2005): 345–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.101.2.345-361.

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To clarify the nature of cognitive deficits experienced by poor readers, 9 10-yr.-old poor readers were matched against 9 chronological age and 9 younger reading age-matched controls screened and selected from regular classrooms. Poor readers performed significantly more poorly than chronological age-matched peers on digit naming speed, spoonerisms, and nonsense word reading. Poor readers were also significantly poorer than reading age-matched controls on nonword reading but were significantly better than reading age-matched controls on postural stability. Analyses of effect sizes were consistent with these findings, showing strong effects for digit naming speed, spoonerisms, and nonword reading. However, effect size analysis also suggested that poor readers experienced moderate difficulties with balance automatisation but did not show verbal speech perception deficits relative to either control group.
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Hirshman, M. F., L. J. Goodyear, E. D. Horton, L. J. Wardzala, and E. S. Horton. "Exercise training increases GLUT-4 protein in rat adipose cells." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 264, no. 6 (June 1, 1993): E882—E889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1993.264.6.e882.

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The relative abundance and subcellular distribution of the GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 glucose transporter isoforms were determined in basal and insulin-stimulated adipose cells from wheel cage exercise-trained rats and compared with both age-matched sedentary controls and young cell size-matched sedentary controls. Exercise training increased total estimated GLUT-4 by 67 and 54% compared with age-matched and young controls, respectively. Total estimated GLUT-1 per cell was not significantly different among the three groups. Expressed per cell, plasma membrane GLUT-4 protein in basal adipose cells from exercise-trained and age-matched control rats was 2.5-fold greater than in young controls (P < 0.05) and was associated with higher basal rates of glucose transport in these cells (P < 0.02). In insulin-stimulated cells, plasma membrane GLUT-4 was 67% greater in the exercise-trained animals than young controls (P < 0.01), and 31% greater than in age-matched controls. Rates of glucose transport were correspondingly higher. In basal cells, low-density microsomal GLUT-4 from exercise-trained rats was approximately twofold greater than from age-matched controls and young controls. With insulin stimulation, GLUT-4 in low-density microsomes decreased to similar levels in all groups. We conclude that the total amount of GLUT-4 protein, but not GLUT-1, is increased in adipose cells by exercise training and that this increase in GLUT-4 is due primarily to an increase in intracellular GLUT-4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Uno, Akira, Noriko Haruhara, Masato Kaneko, Noriko Awaya, Junko Kozuka, and Takashi Goto. "cognitive disorders relating with developmental dyslexia─comparison with age-matched controls─." Higher Brain Function Research 38, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2496/hbfr.38.267.

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Iunes, Denise H., Iara F. Elias, Leonardo C. Carvalho, and Valdeci C. Dionísio. "Postural adjustments in young ballet dancers compared to age matched controls." Physical Therapy in Sport 17 (January 2016): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2015.04.004.

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Passoni, N. M., J. Hong, A. Edwards, J. Crivelli, J. Gattineni, N. Maalouf, K. Sakhaee, et al. "Pediatric stone formers are shorter than age- and gender-matched controls." European Urology Open Science 19 (July 2020): e789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33110-4.

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Carasco, M. Garcia, M. C. de Vernejoul, Y. Sterkers, C. Morieux, D. Kuntz, and L. Miravet. "Decreased bone formation in osteoporotic patients compared with age-matched controls." Calcified Tissue International 44, no. 3 (May 1989): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02556560.

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Zafar, Abu-Bakar, Jayne Ness, Sarah Dowdy, Kristin Avis, and Khurram Bashir. "Examining sleep, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness in pediatric multiple sclerosis patients." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 18, no. 4 (September 30, 2011): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458511424307.

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Background: About 2–5% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience their first symptoms before age 18. Sleep disorders occur frequently in MS. The prevalence of sleep problems and their impact on fatigue and daytime sleepiness in pediatric MS is unknown. Objective: To determine whether pediatric MS patients have more sleep disturbances, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness compared with an age-, sex-, and race-matched control group. Methods: Patients and age-, sex-, and race-matched controls were surveyed to quantify daytime sleepiness via the modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale, sleep quality and hygiene through the Adolescent Sleep Wake and Hygiene Scale, respectively, and fatigue using the PediatricQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Results: Pediatric MS patients ( n = 30) and age-, sex-, and race-matched controls ( n = 52) had similar levels of fatigue; however, when compared with previously published historical controls, both groups reported worse fatigue across all dimensions ( p < 0.05). Pediatric MS patients also had similar sleep quality compared with the matched controls, but reported better sleep hygiene on the ‘sleep stability’ dimension ( p < 0.05). In addition, pediatric MS patients had less daytime sleepiness than the matched controls ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although patients with MS reported similar levels of fatigue, they have better sleep hygiene, which could possibly account for the decreased amount of excessive daytime sleepiness. Also, when compared with historical controls, the MS and control samples reported more fatigue. Thus, caution must be taken when using published control data, especially when not properly matched.
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Thal, Donna J., and Stacy Tobias. "Communicative Gestures in Children With Delayed Onset of Oral Expressive Vocabulary." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 35, no. 6 (December 1992): 1281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3506.1289.

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Use of communicative gestures in a group of children with delayed onset of expressive oral vocabulary (late talkers) was compared with such use among normal-language-matched controls and age-matched controls. Analyses revealed that late talkers used significantly more communicative gestures and for a greater variety of communicative functions than did language-matched controls. However, a 1-year follow-up revealed that 4 of the late talkers remained delayed (truly delayed late talkers) and 6 caught up (late bloomers). Reanalyses of Year 1 data based on these follow-up outcomes demonstrated that only late bloomers used more communicative gestures than did language-matched controls. Truly delayed late talkers did not differ from language-matched controls either for number of gestures, type of gestures (symbolic vs. nonsymbolic), or number of different functions for which gestures were used. Late bloomers also used more communicative gestures than did age-matched controls, suggesting that they (the late bloomers) were using gestures to compensate for their small oral expressive vocabulary. Results are discussed in the context of early predictors of risk for language impairment and relationships between language and cognition.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Age-matched controls"

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Zussman, Matthew E. M. D. "Pulmonary Vascular Resistance in Repaired Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia vs. Age Matched Controls." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1335462514.

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Buras, James Carroll. "A Comparison of the Pulmonary Function of Older Endurance Athletes with Age-Matched Sedentary Controls." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2004. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/178.

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Purpose: To compare the pulmonary function of older runners with non-runners and also the population norms. Method: 40 males ages 45 to 65 were compared for respiratory muscle strength, spirometry and maximum voluntary ventilation. Univariate and multivariate analysis (p < 0.05) were used to determine differences Results: No significant differences in age, height, or respiratory muscle strength were found. A significant difference was found for weight and BMI with the non-runners having greater values. The dependent variables of FVC, FEV1, FEF25-75%, PEF, and MVV resulted in a significant difference with the runners having greater values. A significant difference was also found for pulmonary function between runners and the general population. Conclusion: Continued and habitual aerobic exercise in the form of running in 45 to 65 year old men resulted in pulmonary function values that were significantly greater than those of the non-runners and also greater than population norms.
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Freiin, von Berlepsch Juliana. "Comparison of the physical health in adult patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and healthy age-matched controls." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-101667.

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Ryan, Katherine. "Effects of Acute Nicotine on Risk Taking in Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Age-Matched Controls." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2009. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/206.

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ADHD is one of the most common childhood psychiatric disorders affecting 3- 5% of all children. Between 50 and 80% of those diagnosed with ADHD in childhood will show symptoms that persist into adolescence and adulthood. ADHD is characterized by developmentally excessive activity, impulsivity, inattention, and disorganized, off-task behaviors. A high propensity for risk taking is seen in ADHD and is related to negative outcomes such as job failure, accidents and injuries, and substance use. In an attempt to better understand the behavioral and cognitive deficits associated with ADHD, several neuropsychological models have been proposed. We suggest that those models may be used to learn about risk taking propensity in ADHD. Individuals with ADHD smoke cigarettes at twice the rate of individuals who do not have this diagnosis, and they have greater difficulty quitting. And smokers score higher on a behavioral task of risk taking propensity than non-smokers. The strong association between ADHD and cigarette smoking and the known effects of nicotine on cognition has lead to interest in the role of cholinergic function in ADHD cognitive deficits. Previous work demonstrates that acute nicotine improves behavioral inhibition, working memory, and recognition memory in ADHD. This study examined the acute effects of nicotine on risk taking in non-smoking young adults with ADHD-Combined Type and healthy controls. This single-dose, acute, double blind study assessed the effects of transdermal nicotine and placebo on 26 non-smoking young adults (15 healthy controls and 11 ADHD-C). Participants received acute nicotine (7 mg patch for 45 minutes) and placebo on separate days. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) was used to assess risk taking propensity. Behavioral ratings were completed daily by each subject and by the blinded investigator. Vital sign data were collected at 30 minute intervals throughout each study day. There were no group differences or interaction of drug and group between the ADHD and control group on risk taking propensity. However, using a median split to identify subjects as either high or low in baseline risk taking there was a significant (p<.05) Drug by Group interaction with nicotine reducing risk taking in high risk taking subjects and increasing risk taking in the low risk taking subjects. These findings are consistent with a large body of research demonstrating ratedependent effects of nicotine on behavior, cognition and mood. Nicotine appears to modulate risk-taking in both high and low risk-taking subjects consistent with cholinergic modulation of behavioral decision making.
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Berlepsch, Juliana Thamar von [Verfasser], and Berthold [Akademischer Betreuer] Koletzko. "Comparison of the physical health in adult patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and healthy age-matched controls / Juliana Freiin von Berlepsch ; Betreuer: Berthold Koletzko." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1230754911/34.

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Zetterlund, Christina. "Visual, musculoskeletal, and balance symptoms in people with visual impairments." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-57087.

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Background: Worldwide, about 300 million people have some kind of visual impairment (VI). Most people with VI are in the older age range, as visual deficits increase with age. It is not unusual that people with VI suffer both from neck pain or scapular area symptoms and reduced balance, which they consider to be symptoms of old age. However, their symptoms may not be attributable to age, but rather to poor vision. Aims: First, to identify associations between visual, musculoskeletal and balance symptoms in people engaging in near work every day and in people with VI. Second, to design and validate a suitable instrument for gathering information about visual, musculoskeletal and balance symptoms in people with VI. Third, to explore differences in perceived symptoms between VI patients and people with normal vision in cross-sectional studies and by following a group of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients in a longitudinal study. Fourth, to identify the most specific predictors of higher levels of visual, musculoskeletal and balance symptoms. Methods: A specific instrument was developed: the Visual, Musculoskeletal and Balance symptoms (VMB) questionnaire. Patients with VI were compared to an age-matched reference group with normal vision in three different studies in order to detect differences in self-reported symptoms between the groups. In addition, a follow-up was conducted in a group of AMD patients. Results: Patients with VI reported higher levels of VMB symptoms than controls, and this increased over time. Visual deficits and the need for visual enhancement increased the risk of VMB symptoms. Conclusion: People with VI run a potentially higher risk of VMB symptoms than age-matched controls.
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Passaportis, Katherin. "Are single leg standing balance and the ability to hop altered in children with well controlled juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compared to age matched controls?" Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502286.

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Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is an inflammatory, autoimmune disease, characterised by chronic, recurrent joint synovitis, associated pain, stiffness and muscle atrophy (Klepper 2003). Advancements in the medical management of children with JIA have greatly improved its prognosis and clinicians now aim to return children to sport participation. In order to facilitate this, an understanding of motor control and skill is required; however there has been no investigation into balance and motor control in children with JIA. The primary aim of this pilot study was to examine the single leg standing balance of children with well controlled JIA, compared to a control group. The secondary objectives of this study were to examine whether impairments in standing balance impacted on the children's motor function, as represented by their ability to hop and finally to investigate what factors may contribute to the children's standing balance.
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Mujica, Marcela. "Comparing tooth enamel disturbances in a pediatric population that had received prior chemotherapy treatment to age-matched controls from the Virginia Commonwealth University Pediatric Dentistry Clinic." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3353.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test whether children who have undergone cancer chemotherapy have a higher prevalence of enamel abnormalities of the second mandibular premolars than age matched controls. Methods: This study was a case-control design where the case group involved 26 subjects that had received chemotherapy treatment between the ages of 2 to 6 and at the time of the study were between the ages of 9 to 18. The control group consisted of 26 subjects matched for age and sex to the case group that had not received chemotherapy. The second mandibular premolars were assessed based on the types of defects, their number and location according to a modified DDE index. A secondary examiner, blinded to the results of the primary, analyzed photographs taken at examination and provided their own assessment in order to calibrate results. Result: Nominally there were more normal surfaces in the case group than in the control group (81% vs 70%) and fewer hypoplasias in the case group (5% vs 13%). There was no statistical difference between the buccal and occlusal surfaces. For the buccal surfaces, the cases were nominally lower but not statistically significant (P=0.0680) and there is no evidence for a case-control difference on the lingual surfaces (P>0.9). Conclusions: In this study developmental defects of the enamel organ were not observed to be statistically different between the case and control groups, although previous studies have shown otherwise.
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Gerhold, Mathew Michael. "A study of event-related electrocortical oscillatory dynamics associated with cued motor-response inhibition during performance of the Go/NoGo task within a sample of prenatally alcohol-exposed children and age-matched controls." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27336.

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a spectrum of disorders that occur due to prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Response inhibition refers to the ability to inhibit/suppress a prepotent behavioural tendency set in motion during an experimental task. Our research explored neocortical processing in heavy-exposed children from Cape Town, South Africa, performing the Go/NoGo response inhibition task. We utilised event-related electroencephalographic methodologies to examine event-related potentials (ERP) and eventrelated changes in induced oscillatory power - event-related desynchronisation (ERD)/eventrelated synchronisation (ERS). Across visual and auditory Go/NoGo tasks, we observed equivalent levels of inhibitory control between heavy-exposed (HE) participants and normally-developing controls; however, HEs demonstrated significantly slower reaction times relative to the control group. In an auditory ERP study, we observed a number of alcohol-related changes in ERP waveform morphology, such as decreased P2 amplitude, reduced P3 amplitude, and longer P3 peak latency. In addition, within the HE group, late in the trials, a slow-wave component was observed in both experimental conditions. A significant difference in N2 amplitude across conditions that has consistently been observed in normally-developing samples was not observed in the HE group. We extended previous research findings in the visual domain by analysing induced oscillatory responses. We observed within the normally-developing sample: (1) in both experimental conditions, a frontal induced beta-band ERS related to decision-making; and (2) in the NoGo-condition, a frontal gamma-band ERS related to cognitive-control. Within the HE group, the beta-ERS was not observed in either of the experimental conditions, neither was the gamma-ERS observed in the NoGo-condition. Frontal induced beta-power was predictive of performance accuracy in the HE group, but not in the control group. The observed alcohol-related effects were not explained and/or mediated by IQ (WISC-IQ), socio-economic circumstances, comorbid ADHD, or teratogenic effects related to postnatal lead exposure and prenatal cigarette-smoke exposure. Our results point to alterations in scalp-measured event-related neocortical oscillatory dynamics and slower processing of task demands due to heavy PAE. These alcohol-related effects are observable on ERP component measures, primarily related to conflict-monitoring and attention-based processing. PAE also affects induced classes of neocortical oscillatory dynamics related to decision-making and cognitive-control processes required to inhibit a prepotent motor-response.
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Constantinidou, Maria Louki. "A study of the reading skills of reading disabled children compared to chronological age matched and reading age matched control children in Cyprus." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020477/.

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Books on the topic "Age-matched controls"

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Turner, Joanne Claire. Vibratory perception threshold in young persons with Type 1 Diabetes in comparison with non-diabetic age-matched controls. Northampton: Nene College, 1995.

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Hilton, Claire Fiona. Psychiatric disorder in a group of young adults with homozygous sickle cell disease compared to an age and sex matched control group with normal haemoglobin in the Jamaican Cohort study. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1995.

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Houssais, Sylviane, Lily Hechtman, and Rachel G. Klein. Long-Term Outcomes of Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190213589.003.0003.

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This chapter summarizes the long-term clinical and functional outcomes of children diagnosed with ADHD at a mean age of eight years (probands), followed prospectively for 33 years. Outcomes are summarized in adolescence, early adulthood, and mid-adulthood. Compared with matched controls, probands showed greater persistence of ADHD and greater prevalence of Conduct Disorder (CD), Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD), and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) in late adolescence. These dysfunctions continued into early adulthood, even when ADHD remitted for the majority of the sample, and were associated with deficits in educational and occupational attainment. The disproportionally high rate of CD, APD, and SUD translated to significantly higher rates of criminality, risk-taking behavior, risk-related medical outcomes, and elevated obesity rates in adulthood. The study’s findings suggest that childhood ADHD predisposes to maladjustment in adolescence and adulthood, particularly in a subset of individuals who develop CD/APD early on.
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Cunnane, Stephen C., Alexandre Courchesne-Loyer, Valerie St-Pierre, Camille Vandenberghe, Etienne Croteau, and Christian-Alexandre Castellano. Glucose and Ketone Metabolism in the Aging Brain. Edited by Jong M. Rho. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190497996.003.0015.

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Brain glucose uptake is impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A key question is whether cognitive decline could be delayed if this defect were at least partly corrected or bypassed. Ketones (or ketone bodies) such as beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate are the brain’s main alternative fuels. Several studies have shown that in mild-to-moderate AD, brain ketone uptake is similar to that of healthy age-matched controls. Published clinical trials show that increasing ketone availability to the brain via nutritional ketosis has modest benefits on cognitive outcomes in mild-to-moderate AD and in mild cognitive impairment. Nutritional ketosis can be safely achieved by a high-fat ketogenic diet or supplements providing medium chain triglycerides. Given the acute dependence of the brain on its energy supply and the ineffectiveness of current therapeutic strategies for AD consideration be given to correcting the underlying problem of deteriorating brain fuel supply during aging.
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Bramham, Kate, and Catherine Nelson-Piercy. Pregnancy after renal transplantation. Edited by Norbert Lameire and Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0299_update_001.

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There is now experience of many thousands of pregnancies over more than 50 years of renal transplantation. Most such patients have some degree of hypertension and chronic kidney disease, and as expected their rates of complications are substantially higher than those of age-matched controls. However, rates of successful pregnancy are now high and pregnancy is no longer an unusual event in transplanted patients. As for other patients with chronic kidney disease, additional risks depend on pre-pregnancy glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, and hypertension. Fertility returns rapidly after transplantation but delay of at least a year is usually recommended to be sure of stable graft function and drug dosage. Early discussion of these issues with women of childbearing age is essential as drug regimens may need to be altered to agents of known safety, and to stress the importance of planning the pregnancy. The combination of tacrolimus and azathioprine with or without low-dose prednisolone is probably the most common, but in many centres agents such as mycophenolate mofetil, which is teratogenic, are commonly used. Blood pressure should be well controlled as outside pregnancy but some drugs are contraindicated and others are best avoided.
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Hechtman, Lily, ed. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190213589.001.0001.

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The book provides a comprehensive summary of the best known and most highly respected well-controlled long-term prospective follow-up studies in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These studies followed children with ADHD and matched controls into young adulthood (mean age 20–25 years) and middle age (mean age 41 years). They explore a wide variety of clinically relevant outcome areas, such as education, occupation, emotional and psychiatric functioning, substance use and abuse, sexual behavior, and legal problems. One chapter focuses particularly on the outcome of girls with ADHD. The book also explores possible predictors of adult outcome. A whole chapter is devoted to treatment (medication and psychosocial) as a predictor of outcome. In addition to treatment, predictors explored include characteristics of the child (e.g., IQ, severity of initial ADHD symptoms, initial comorbidity) and characteristics of the family (e.g., socioeconomic status, single parenthood, parental pathology, and family functioning). A summary chapter explores the impact and importance of these predictors in various outcome areas, such as education, occupation, emotional/social functioning, antisocial behavior, substance use and abuse, and risky sexual and driving behaviors. Professionals and the general public will come away with a clear view of what can happen to children with ADHD as they proceed through adolescence and adulthood. The book also addresses important prognostic and predictive factors in treatment approaches to ensure better long-term outcome in patients with ADHD.
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Castellanos, Irina, David B. Pisoni, Chen Yu, Chi-hsin Chen, and Derek M. Houston. Embodied Cognition in Prelingually Deaf Children with Cochlear Implants. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190880545.003.0017.

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The theory of embodiment postulates that cognition emerges from multisensory interactions of an agent with its environment and as a result of multiple overlapping and time-locked sensory-motor activities. In this chapter, we discuss the complex multisensory system that may underlie young children’s novel word learning, how embodied attention may provide new insights into language learning after prelingual hearing loss, and how embodied attention may underlie learning in the classroom. We present new behavioral data demonstrating the coordination of sensory-motor behaviors in groups of young children with prelingual hearing loss (deaf, early implanted children with cochlear implants and hard-of-hearing children with hearing aids) and without hearing loss (two control groups of peers matched for chronological and hearing age). Our preliminary findings suggest that individual differences and variability in language outcomes may be traced to children’s coordination of auditory, visual, and motor behaviors with a social partner.
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Gnudi, Luigi, Giorgio Gentile, and Piero Ruggenenti. The patient with diabetes mellitus. Edited by Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0149_update_001.

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About one third of patients with type 1 diabetes develop diabetic nephropathy long-term (usually not before at least 10 years of diabetes), though this proportion is falling as standards of care have risen. Nephropathy is strongly associated with other microvascular complications of diabetes, so that some degree of retinopathy is to be expected, and evidence of neuropathy is common. Patients with type 2 diabetes are equally susceptible, but this is an older group in which vascular disease and other pathologies are also more likely. The rise in type 2 diabetes accounts for diabetes being the most common recorded cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the developed world.Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by a progression through hyperfiltration, microalbuminuria, hypertension, overt proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, loss of GFR, to ESRD. Risk factors for developing it include genetic factors (though no major single gene effects have been identified), and quality of glycaemic control.The risk of progression can at early stages be reduced by improved glycaemic control, and control of hypertension also slows progression. However angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or receptor blockers (ACEi, ARB) are the standard of care for patients with microalbuminuria or overt proteinuria, as they have been shown to reduce the risk of renal endpoints. Combination therapy with both ACEi and ARB together has been associated with a high risk of AKI, hyperkalaemia and other adverse effects so is not generally recommended. Other promising agents in combination are under investigation but none adequately proven at this stage.Patients who reach ESRD have reduced survival on all modalities compared to age-matched patients with other diagnoses. Best rehabilitation and survival for those who are suitable is through renal transplantation, though combined pancreas-renal transplantation may offer still better outcomes for selected patients.
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Book chapters on the topic "Age-matched controls"

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Karim, Md Z., R. Hainisch, A. Kranz, M. Gfoehler, and M. G. Pandy. "Comparing the Biomechanics of Crouch Gait in Children with Cerebral Palsy to that of Age-Matched Controls and Young Healthy Adults." In IFMBE Proceedings, 2085–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89208-3_497.

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Ray, Anupama, Suraj Kumar Nayak, Biswajeet Champaty, D. N. Tibarewala, and Kunal Pal. "Non-Linear Analysis of Heart Rate Variability and ECG Signal Features of Swimmers from NIT-Rourkela." In Computational Tools and Techniques for Biomedical Signal Processing, 56–75. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0660-7.ch003.

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The current study deals with the investigation of the effect of long-term endurance training on the autonomic nervous system of healthy adults. ECG was recorded for 5 min under resting condition in a sitting position using an ECG acquisition device for 25 swimmers and 25 age-matched sedentary controls. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) parameters of the volunteers were used for statistical analysis and classification using binary classification trees and artificial neural networks. The LF/HF ratio for swimmers and sedentary controls was found to be 0.89 ± 0.32 and 0.94 ± 0.46, respectively. This may be attributed to the vagal dominance due to endurance training in the swimmers. Statistical ECG signal processing and db06 wavelet based processing were performed to understand the effect of swimming on the cardiac health. The signal classification results indicated that both the HRV and the processed ECG signal features may be used for the classification of the swimmers and the sedentary controls using CART, Boosted tree, Random Forest and neural network algorithms.
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Brietzke, Elisa, Ana S. Yamagata, Pawan K. Maurya, and Lucas B. Rizzo. "Neuroprogression and accelerated ageing in severe psychiatric disorders." In Neuroprogression in Psychiatry, 21–34. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198787143.003.0003.

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A convergent body of evidence suggests an overlap between neural, molecular, and functional findings in patients with severe mental illnesses and normative ageing. Patients in late stages of mood disorders and psychosis present brain changes and cognitive decline consistent with a pattern of accelerated ageing. In addition, replicated but heterogeneous findings support the notion that individuals with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia have shorter telomeres compared to age-matched healthy controls. The recognition that severe mental illnesses are associated with premature or accelerated ageing offers new avenues of investigation for really novel therapeutic approaches. The hope is that these interventions will not only treat symptoms but be able to modify the course of these psychiatric conditions.
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Yeung, KH, GCW Man, ALH Hung, TP Lam, JCY Cheng, and WCW Chu. "Morphological changes of intervertebral disc in relation with curve severity of patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis – a T2-weighted MRI study." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210431.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological changes of intervertebral discs (IVD) and vertebral bodies (VB) in AIS girls according to the subgroups with different curve severity by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study included 33 age-matched female controls and 76 AIS girls with a right-sided thoracic curvature. Wedge angle, height ratio and distance ratio of VB and IVD were measured on the best midline coronal and sagittal planes from reformatted MRI spine. Volumes of VB, IVD and nucleus pulposus (NP) were evaluated on volumetric images. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction was used. There was significant difference in wedge angle and height ratio of VB and IVD between AIS and controls. In severe-AIS, the position of NP was significantly shifted to the convexity when compared with non-severe AIS and controls. Whereas, the volume of IVD and NP in severe-AIS was found to be significantly smaller. On top of coronal wedging of VB and IVD, there was significantly reduced volume of IVD and NP in severe-AIS patients, despite T2 signal of IVD was preserved. The current findings indicate that early mechanical effects on the discs and vertebrae in adolescent scoliotic spine is evident on quantitative imaging. Importantly, these patients may be vulnerable to disc degeneration if no operative treatment is prescribed.
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Yassin, AA, A. Haider, and F. Saad. "Hypogonadal Patients Receiving Testosterone Treatment for up to 5 Years Are Not at Higher Risk of Prostate Cancer Compared to Age-Matched Controls." In The Endocrine Society's 92nd Annual Meeting, June 19–22, 2010 - San Diego, P2–456—P2–456. Endocrine Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-meetings.2010.part2.p10.p2-456.

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Lindvall, A., and R. Hudecek. "Nuclear Accumulation of Mercury in Neutrophil Granulocytes Associated with Exposure from Dental Amalgam." In Geology and Health. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162042.003.0017.

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Corrosion and wear of dental amalgam may be associated with unexpectedly high levels of endogenous exposure to heavy metals. According to WHO, the resulting uptake of mercury exceeds that from all other sources in persons not occupationally exposed (WHO 1991) and a daily uptake level of 100 μg has been reported (Barregard et al. 1995). Due to the distribution patterns of mercury, standard blood and urine analyses give meager information on the response of the organism to this exposure. We here present data from nuclear microscopy analysis of neutrophil granulocytes (short-lived cells in the immune system cascade) in peripheral blood. Blood samples were drawn from patients suffering from possible side effects from dental amalgam. Their symptoms resembled those of the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Fukuda 1994), and the onset or intensity of the symptoms were related to occasional increased exposure to dental amalgam e.g., unprotected placing/drilling of the material. Data showed profound derangement of several cellular trace elements in the patient group and in some cases the substitution of mercury for zinc in the nuclear area. This supports the contention that systemic side effects from dental amalgam may occur. Venous blood samples were drawn from a cohort of Caucasian patients (n = 25) with a chronic debilitating illness, possibly related to the exposure from dental amalgam, and cell preparations were done as previously described (Johansson 1984, Lindh 1997). The same procedure was performed on blood samples from an age- and sex-matched healthy control group (n = 22) with similar numbers of amalgam fillings. A freeze-dried monolayer preparation of neutrophil granulocytes from each subject was investigated by means of nuclear microscopy (Zidenberg-Cherr). Thirty cells from each subject were analyzed in a subsequent manner and means and variances of the elemental concentrations of calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg) were calculated. In addition, the intracellular distribution of zinc and mercury was investigated in a few cells from both patients and controls by means of a nuclear microscopy elemental mapping technique. Cells with mercury levels above the detection limit (0.5 μg/kg dry weight) were investigated as well as cells with no detectable mercury.
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Hanson, Robin. "Infrastructure." In The Age of Em. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754626.003.0013.

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As we will discuss in Chapter 18 , Cities section, em cities are likely to be big, dense, highly cost-effective concentrations of computer and communication hardware. How might such cities interact with their surroundings? Today, computer and communication hardware is known for being especially temperamental about its environment. Rooms and buildings designed to house such hardware tend to be climate-controlled to ensure stable and low values of temperature, humidity, vibration, dust, and electromagnetic field intensity. Such equipment housing protects it especially well from fire, flood, and security breaches. The simple assumption is that, compared with our cities today, em cities will also be more climate-controlled to ensure stable and low values of temperature, humidity, vibrations, dust, and electromagnetic signals. These controls may in fact become city level utilities. Large sections of cities, and perhaps entire cities, may be covered, perhaps even domed, to control humidity, dust, and vibration, with city utilities working to absorb remaining pollutants. Emissions within cities may also be strictly controlled. However, an em city may contain temperatures, pressures, vibrations, and chemical concentrations that are toxic to ordinary humans. If so, ordinary humans are excluded from most places in em cities for safety reasons. In addition, we will see in Chapter 18 , Transport section, that many em city transport facilities are unlikely to be well matched to the needs of ordinary humans. Higher prices to rent volume near city centers should push such centers to extend both higher into the sky and deeper into the ground, as happens in human cities today. It should also push computers in city centers to be made from denser physical devices, that is, supporting more computing operations per volume, even if such devices are proportionally more expensive than less dense variants. City centers are also less likely to use deterministic computing devices, if such devices require more volume and cooling. It may be possible to make computing devices that use less mass per computing speed supported, even if they cost more per operation computed. Such lighter devices are more likely to be used at higher city elevations, because they reduce the cost of the physical structures needed to hold them at these heights.
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McNally, Paul G., and Maggie Sinclair Hammersley. "Management of the inpatient with diabetes mellitus." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 1895–99. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.1482.

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Little attention has focused on aspects of diabetes care and glucose control of patients admitted to hospital. The majority of patients are admitted due to an unrelated general medical or surgical disorder and glucose control is often ignored, with the primary condition taking precedence. Their care is often delegated to nonspecialists and, as a consequence, standards of care vary and length of stay is often longer than age-matched patients without diabetes (1–3). A national survey of inpatient services in the UK in 2005–2006 identified substantial gaps in service provision for inpatient diabetes care; one-third of UK acute hospitals reported that they did not have diabetes management guidelines for day surgery, endoscopy, barium studies, or diabetes-related foot problems (4). Also, in many UK hospitals up to one-third of patients were not routinely managed by the diabetes specialist team and only 50% of acute hospitals in the UK had a diabetes inpatient specialist nurse in post (4).
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A. Razak, Rogayah, Loke Xing Lin, and Mohd Azmarul A. Aziz. "Oral Language Skills and Literacy Skills of Malay Children with Dyslexia." In Learning Disabilities [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99787.

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Dyslexia can involve among others, difficulties in spoken language. However, there is limited local data on oral language (narrative skills) and literacy skills in children with dyslexia. The relationship between language and literacy is well documented although they involve complicated and non-straightforward processes. There is also evidence suggesting a link between language difficulties with subsequent literacy difficulties. Thus, this study aims to identify and describe the language and literacy skills of Malay children with dyslexia, and to discuss the possible relationships between them. Subjects were six children with dyslexia in the Klang Valley, Malaysia aged 8:0 to 9:11 (mean age, 8:10) who were compared to an age-matched control group (n = 10). The battery of tests administrated was phonological awareness test, language task, narrative, and literacy tasks. Our findings showed that children with dyslexia had generally weaker language and literacy skills than the control group. There were significant differences (p < .05) in grammar understanding, sentence repetition, and reading and spelling at both word and paragraph levels. Pearson correlation between language and literacy was shown to be positive and strong, r = .887, p < .05. The qualitative discussion of the data is presented. Findings from this study would provide useful information to teachers and speech-language therapists in their teaching or planning of appropriate clinical evaluation and management of children with dyslexia.
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Emerick, Tara, Maria Grace Viana, and Carla A. Evans. "Short Root Anomaly in a Hispanic Population: Risk for Orthodontic Root Resorption." In Current Trends in Orthodontics [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99538.

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While the presentation of Short Root Anomaly (SRA) in Hispanic patients has been described previously, it is not known if this population is predisposed to increased orthodontic root resorption. This study evaluates the response of pre-existing short roots in Hispanic SRA patients to orthodontic treatment. Selected maxillary and mandibular teeth of 40 Hispanic SRA patients (19 male, 21 female) and 40 age and gender matched Caucasian patients (19 male, 21 female) with normal root length were evaluated for root resorption following comprehensive orthodontic treatment. The age range of the subjects was between 10 and 19 years. Relative root length was calculated before and after orthodontic treatment from digital panoramic radiographs. Overall, statistically significant root resorption occurred in the control group, but orthodontic root resorption was not significant in the Hispanic group (p > 0.05). When genders were separated, Hispanic females did experience a mild degree of root resorption in the upper incisors while resorption in Hispanic males was not significant. Caucasian females experienced greater root resorption than Caucasian males. Hispanic SRA patients may be safely treated with comprehensive orthodontics and could be at no more risk of root resorption than Caucasian patients with normal initial root length.
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Conference papers on the topic "Age-matched controls"

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Bhargava, R., P. Sukumvanich, and S. Beriwal. "Pregnancy Related Breast Carcinoma: Comparison of Receptor Status with Age-Matched Controls." In Abstracts: Thirty-Second Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 10‐13, 2009; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-6012.

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Hannawi, S., and K. Naeem. "AB0401 Echo-cardiographic abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritispatients compared to age and sex-matched controls." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.5658.

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Lu Yang, Jiajia Yang, N. Nakamura, Jinglong Wu, S. Ohno, T. Kurata, K. Abe, and S. Kanazawa. "Difference of audiovisual integration between Alzheimer's Disease patients and age-matched healthy controls: An fMRI study." In 2013 ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (CME 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccme.2013.6548204.

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Bergqvist, Matilda, Maja Lindahl, Erik Frykholm, and Andre Nyberg. "Dynamic and static quadriceps muscle endurance in people with COPD and healthy age and gender-matched controls." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.oa3814.

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Rajasekar, P., L. Latimer, T. Constantin-Teodosiu, J. L. MacIsaac, D. T. S. Lin, B. Popat, D. Constantin, et al. "Investigating Changes to DNA Methylation in Association with Supervised Exercise in Individuals with COPD and Age Matched Controls." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a6115.

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De Brandt, Jana, Chris Burtin, Frank Vandenabeele, Joseph Aumann, Laura Blancquaert, Inge Everaert, Wim Derave, and Martijn Spruit. "Late Breaking Abstract - Muscle carnosine in patients with COPD in comparison to age- and gender matched healthy controls: a cross-sectional study." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1203.

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Liebermann, Dario G., Mindy F. Levin, Sigal Berman, Harold P. Weingarden, and Patrice L. Weiss. "Kinematic features of arm and trunk movements in stroke patients and age-matched healthy controls during reaching in virtual and physical environments." In 2009 Virtual Rehabilitation International Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icvr.2009.5174228.

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Arends, S., W. Abdulahad, A. Boots, B. Doornbos-van der Meer, E. Brouwer, and A. Spoorenberg. "FRI0424 Equal presence of circulating mait cells in axial spa patients with only axial involvement and age- and sex-matched healthy controls." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.6203.

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Bhatraju, P., K. Hisert, M. L. Aitken, C. Goss, W. C. Liles, and W. A. Altemeier. "Higher Plasma Concentrations of Angiopoietin-1 and Angiopoietin-1/Angiopoietin-2 in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis Compared to Healthy Age Matched Controls." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a2575.

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McBride, Joseph, Xiaopeng Zhao, Nancy Munro, Gregory Jicha, Charles Smith, and Yang Jiang. "Resting State EEG Multiscale Entropy Dynamics in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer’s Disease." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-5912.

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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a neurological condition related to early stages of dementia such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study explores non-event-related multiscale entropy (MSE) measures as features for effectively discriminating between normal aging, MCI, and AD participants. Resting EEG records from 48 age-matched participants (mean age 75.7 years) — 15 normal controls (NC), 16 MCI, and 17 early AD — are examined. Multiscale entropy curves are computed for short EEG segments and averaged over the segments. Binary discriminations among the three groups are conducted using support vector machine models. Leave-one-out cross-validation accuracies of 80.7% (p-value <0.0018) for MCI vs. NC, 87.5% (p-value <1.322E−4) for AD vs. NC, and 90.9% (p-value <2.788E−5) for MCI vs. AD are achieved. Results demonstrate influence of cognitive deficits on multiscale entropy dynamics of non-event-related EEG.
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