Relevant bibliographies by topics / Age of freedom

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Age of freedom'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Age of freedom"

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Stepanova, Natalya A. "AGE FEATURES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FREEDOM OF THE INDIVIDUAL." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Psychology), no. 4 (2018): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-7235-2018-4-74-91.

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Erol, Alkim. "Freedom and control in the digital age." Human Affairs 30, no. 4 (October 27, 2020): 570–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2020-0050.

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AbstractMany conceive information and communications technologies (ICT) as providing a free space which bolsters the freedom of individuals. This is because the technologies, and the ways we use them, are thought to be grounded in consent given by individuals. However, it will be argued that individuals, by their own self-regulated consent-based actions when using ICT, are actually alleviating their own individual freedoms. This novel phenomenon, which Deleuze and Guattari have drawn our attention to, is a consequence of the de-territorialization and re-territorialization of desires, shaped by power processes, and practiced within Control Societies. This process is disguised as ‘choices’ made by free and self-aware individuals who give their ‘consent’.
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Foner, Eric. "American Freedom in a Global Age." American Historical Review 106, no. 1 (February 2001): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2652222.

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B. McCluskey, Frank, and Melanie L. Winter. "Academic freedom in the digital age." On the Horizon 22, no. 2 (May 6, 2014): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oth-09-2013-0033.

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Purpose – This paper aims to discuss current thinking about academic freedom in the digital age. Digital technology makes the classroom more transparent to administrators. This raises new questions about academic freedom that institutions must consider going forward. Design/methodology/approach – The paper begins with a historical survey to define academic freedom. We then look at how new technologies have changed the classroom. The transparency and access of the digital classroom is new and wholly unprecedented in the history of the university. Findings – Academic freedom is undergoing a great change. Literature and policies have not kept up with this change. Colleges need to rethink academic freedom in light of these new technologies. Practical implications – This article is meant to assist universities in making policies for the digital age. How faculty are observed, who can observe the classroom, and the privacy of data are policy areas that must be codified by universities. Social implications – Many faculty are feeling more vulnerable in the digital age. General concerns about privacy can translate into privacy issues for the entire university. Policies need to evolve to be more relevant for the digital age. Originality/value – A Google search found only seven articles on academic freedom in the digital age, and two were by the authors. This paucity of literature shows that more thought and attention needs to be paid to this important subject.
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Hammitt, Harry. "Formatting freedom in the computer age." Index on Censorship 20, no. 7 (July 1991): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064229108535159.

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Dickerson, Carole, and Larry R. Oberg. "Intellectual freedom in an age of change." OLA Quarterly 1, no. 4 (1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7710/1093-7374.1046.

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Dobson, Andrew. "FREEDOM AND DEPENDENCY IN AN ENVIRONMENTAL AGE." Social Philosophy and Policy 26, no. 2 (June 24, 2009): 151–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052509090207.

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In this article the implications of our nature as both autonomous and heteronomous beings is discussed. It is suggested that our condition as part-dependent creatures calls for a reconsideration of the nature of both freedom and liberalism, and the work of Alasdair MacIntyre and Jean-Paul Sartre is used to illustrate the natural and historical dimensions of our dependency. The conclusion reached is that neither deep ecological re-enchantment nor full-blooded cornucopianism are possible, and that we need to take our nature as semi-dependent creatures seriously as we seek ways of negotiating our way through our environmental problems.
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Wriston, Walter B. "Freedom and democracy in the Information Age." Technology in Society 26, no. 2-3 (April 2004): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2004.01.029.

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Neave, G. "Academic freedom in an age of globalisation." Higher Education Policy 15, no. 4 (December 2002): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0952-8733(02)00053-3.

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Schindling, Anton. "Luther and Freedom - Religious Freedom and Religious Tolerance in the Age of Reformation." Opera Historica 18, no. 2 (September 30, 2017): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32725/oph.2017.021.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Age of freedom"

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Budak, Violetta. "Creative freedom in the digital age." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19354.

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This thesis is particularly concerned with everyday creativity as a social practice that is taking place within the digital environment. Web 2.0 made it much easier for laypersons to produce and publish digital content and to participate in online communities. Through participation community members can acquire domain-relevant knowledge as well as develop their digital competency. In some areas, online communities of highly motivated amateurs (Pro-Ams) work to professional standards and even achieve better results than their professional colleagues. Open Source software projects or Wikis are among areas that rely on committed amateurs and the strength of a community. The empirical stage of the research comprises two studies that aim to investigate the role of ICT and the Internet in everyday creative activities and how the use of digital tools for creativity can be facilitated and improved. An exploratory online survey revealed that the majority of participants are involved in everyday creative activities many of which are performed with the use of digital tools. However, the lack of digital competency and skills has been proved to be among the main barriers to using software tools for everyday creativity and participation in the digital environment. Taking into account the survey data that revealed digital photo-editing and manipulation to be the most popular creative activity among participants, a powerful, free, image-editing program - the GIMP - was chosen for the experiment. A group of people with no professional knowledge of using image editing programs participated in a single-day workshop where they learned how to do basic image processing with a free software editor, the GIMP. Data collection methods involved questionnaires, observation and follow-up telephone interviews. The GIMP tutorial and practice session proved to be successful in engaging non-professionals in image manipulation with the GIMP and facilitating further use and learning through individual effort.
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Erlenbusch, Verena. "A history of terrorism in the age of freedom." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7696/.

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This thesis constitutes a critical intervention in contemporary research on terrorism. It seeks to address the problems resulting from a reductive understanding of terrorism and from a predominant concern with terrorism after 9/11. For this purpose, this thesis charts and critically engages certain watershed moments in the history of terrorism since its emergence in the French Revolution. The aim is to show that terrorism is not a historically constant and readily identifiable form of violence but a variable element in a wider context of power relations. The discourses of terrorism examined in this thesis show that conceptions of terrorism are tied to and function within a wider context of changing political interests and an evolving modern economy of power. I show that there are reasons for the different meanings and roles of terrorism across time and between societies, and that these reasons shed light on larger social, political, cultural or economic developments. It is in this context that particular discourses of terrorism help to legitimate political and legal regimes and allow for the selective exclusion of individuals, groups and ideologies from the political realm. I argue that a historically grounded and theoretically thorough analysis of terrorism can provide important insights into how the state has been able to sustain itself by incorporating and mobilizing different types of power. By way of a genealogical study of terrorism, my project attempts to map these forms of power as well as their dependence on various frameworks that are used to legitimize violence, to dismantle legal norms, and to expand power in the name of freedom and democracy. This thesis thus not only responds to the epistemological, methodological and temporal limitations of contemporary terrorism scholarship but is also of practical political relevance.
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Marsden, Courtney Lee Wade. "Academic Freedom in the Age of Posts and Tweets." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1625756579054056.

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Kelly, Nicholas M. "The freedom of information hacked: console cowboys, computer wizards, and personal freedom in the digital age." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6778.

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“The Freedom of Information Hacked: Console Cowboys, Computer Wizards, and Personal Freedom in the Digital Age” examines depictions of computer hackers in fiction, the media, and popular culture, assessing how such depictions both influence and reflect popular conceptions of hackers and what they do. In doing so, the dissertation demonstrates the central concerns of hacker stories—concerns about digital security, privacy, and the value of information—have become the concerns of digital culture as a whole, hackers laying bare collective hopes and fears regarding digital networks.
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Chan, Anita Say. "The promiscuity of freedom : development and governance in the age of neoliberal networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45804.

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Thesis (Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS))--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references.
This study brings together science and technology studies, political anthropology, and Latin American studies, by studying the practices and political reasoning of neoliberal networks in Peru. It analyses the extension of such networks by studying the relationships and subjectivities cultivated under two contemporary state-led projects: an initiative promoting intellectual property rights among traditional artisans as tools for rural development, and a national effort to encourage the uptake of free/libre and open source software based resources. Promising to modernize government and prepare citizens for the global, information-based economy, these projects frame their reforms as new, contemporary models for economic development. This work demonstrate how key to the success of such projects is the remaking of rural and urban citizens into "free" and modern individuals who are able to independently self- realize using the tools and logics of information networks. It argues that such plans rely on the ability to bring diverse actors - including state planners, transnational corporations, traditional artisans, rural communities, urban technology experts, and transnational activists -- into strategic alliance, or what can become coded as relations of promiscuity. What brings these partnerships together and seduces such disparate actors into alliance isn't so much the promise of increased technology access. It is instead the promise of "freedom" and the opportunity for diversely situated subjects to realize themselves as "modern individuals."
by Anita Say Chan.
Ph.D.in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS
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Mansfield, Stephen Lee. "Government in a "post-Christian age" religion in American public life /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.

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Venosa, Robert Donato. ""Freedom Will Win—If Free Men Act!": Liberal Internationalism in an Illiberal Age, 1936-1956." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1588271691660565.

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Spjut, Annilyn Marie. ""How in This Cruel Age I Celebrated Freedom": Aesopian Subversion in Nikolai Ulyanov's Painting for the 1937 Pushkin Centenary." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6342.

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Painted in 1937 as part of the centenary celebration of the death of Alexander Pushkin, Nikolai Ulyanov's A. S. Pushkin and his Wife, N. N. Pushkina at the Imperial Ball has been lauded as the quintessential example of Soviet history painting. Modern scholars have followed the lead of Soviet critics, who praised the painting for its insight into the psychology of the brilliant poet repressed by the tyrannical tsarist regime. According to this interpretation, Soviet viewers in the 1930s were to ponder on the tragedy of Pushkin's demise and rejoice that the victory of Socialism had freed them from such repression. However, this thesis suggests that Ulyanov embedded a secondary, subversive message in his masterpiece. Through careful manipulation of Pushkin's complex semiotic significance, Socialist Realist dialectics, and the Aesopian method, Ulyanov crafted an image that could be celebrated for its adherence to Soviet ideology, while simultaneously suggesting to those who detected his clues that artistic repression had not ended with the revolution. In this subversive reading, Ulyanov's masterwork becomes a psychological self-portrait of an artist living under Stalinist oppression during the Great Terror.
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Kemper, Kevin Ray. "William Apess, Elias Boudinot, and Samuel Cornish Native Americans and African-Americans looking for freedom of expression, representation, and rhetorical sovereignty during the age of Jackson /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4451.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on July 18, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Björklund, Michelle. "Reglering av sociala medier i arbetslivet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-33356.

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Sociala medier har fått en allt större roll i det svenska samhället och användarantalet ökar ständigt. I takt med att internetuppkopplingen blivit mer lättillgänglig genom exempelvis smarta telefoner har sättet som kommunikation idag sker på fått nya dimensioner. Privatlivet har således börjat gå in i arbetslivet och tvärtom, vilket har lett till att gränsen blivit otydlig och svårdefinierad. Vad arbetstagare får uttrycka i sociala medier är omdiskuterat och åsikter mellan arbetsgivare, Arbetsdomstolen och andra aktörer går isär. Den grundläggande Yttrandefrihetsgrundlagen inskränks i den privata sektorn av lojalitetsplikten och även rätten att kritisera arbetsgivaren begränsas. Hur långtgående arbetsgivares bestämmanderätt är i fråga om reglering av sociala medier är en annan problematik. Arbetsgivare har möjlighet att skapa olika typer av riktlinjer och policies och är relativt obegränsade i utformningen av dessa genom arbetsledningsrätten. Lagstiftningen har i vissa fall fått svårigheter med att följa den snabbt växande teknikutvecklingen, vilket därför har lett till att ändringar i exempelvis Yttrandefrihetsgrundlagen och Tryckfrihetsförordningen ofta måste göras. Sociala medier domineras av den yngre generationen och det har skapat klyftor mellan olika ålderskategorier. Hur dessa klyftor påverkas av att sociala medier får en större roll i arbetslivet studeras i uppsatsen genom ett åldersdiskriminerande perspektiv. Frågeställningarna baseras på arbetstagares skyldigheter, arbetsgivares bestämmanderätt, åldersaspekten samt vilka effekter regleringar av sociala medier har i samhället.
Social media has been receiving an increasingly important role in Swedish society and the number of users is constantly increasing. As the internet connection has become more accessible for an example by the smart phones, the way of communication has acquired the situation new dimensions. Personal life has now begun to go into work and vice versa, which has led to that the border has become unclear and difficult to define. What employees may express in social media is controversial and opinions between employers, the Labour Court and other stakeholders diverge. The basic Freedom of Speech is restricted in the private sector by the duty of loyalty and the right to criticize the employer is limited. How far-reaching employer's discretion goes in regulation of social media is another problem. Employers have the opportunity to create different types of policies and guidelines and are relatively unrestricted in the design of these through the labor management law. The legal regulation has in some cases had difficult to follow the rapidly growing technology development, which therefore has led to a lot of changes in for example, Freedom of Speech and Freedom of the Press. Social media is dominated by the younger generation and it has created a rift between different age categories. In which way this gap is affected by the fact that social media has received a larger role in work life is studied in this paper by an age-discriminatory perspective. The questions are based on employee’s obligations and employer discretion in social media. Age aspect constitutes an issue in the essay and the effects of regulations in social media in society are the final issue.
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Books on the topic "Age of freedom"

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Ward, Colin. Freedom to go: After the motor age. London: Freedom Press, 1991.

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Williams, Joanna. Academic Freedom in an Age of Conformity. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137514790.

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Academic freedom in the age of the college. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 1996.

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Owens, Tom. Traveling on the freedom machines of the transportation age. Logan, Iowa: Perfection Learning, 2003.

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Commission, Canadian Human Rights. Special report to Parliament: Freedom of expression and freedom from hate in the Internet age. [Ottawa]: Canadian Human Rights Commission, 2009.

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Scott, Rebecca J. Freedom papers: An Atlantic odyssey in the age of emancipation. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2012.

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Gompert, David C. Right makes might: Freedom and power in the information age. Washington, DC: Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1998.

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Reclaiming childhood: Freedom and play in an age of fear. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2009.

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Right makes might: Freedom and power in the information age. New York: Foreign Policy Association, 1998.

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Gompert, David C. Right makes might: Freedom and power in the information age. Washington, DC: Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Age of freedom"

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Maris, Cees, and Frans Jacobs. "The Commencement of the Modern Age." In Law, Order and Freedom, 91–110. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1457-1_3.

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Spring, Dawn. "“The Crusade for Freedom”." In Advertising in the Age of Persuasion, 99–113. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230339644_7.

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Lamer, Wiebke. "Press Freedom in the Internet Age." In Press Freedom as an International Human Right, 129–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76508-2_6.

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Figueroa, Adolfo. "Individual Freedom and the Common Good." In Economics of the Anthropocene Age, 153–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62584-3_5.

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Tahir-Kheli, Shirin. "The Freedom Agenda: What Went Wrong?" In Before the Age of Prejudice, 285–301. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8551-2_32.

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Van Belle, Douglas A. "Press Freedom and Peace." In Power and Conflict in the Age of Transparency, 115–35. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230107397_6.

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Van Belle, Douglas A. "Press Freedom and Peace." In Power and Conflict in the Age of Transparency, 115–35. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-38594-2_6.

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Williams, Joanna. "From Academic Freedom to Academic Justice." In Academic Freedom in an Age of Conformity, 175–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137514790_8.

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Soborski, Rafal. "Classical Liberalism: Globalization as the Logic of Freedom." In Ideology in a Global Age, 43–71. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137317018_3.

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Williams, Joanna. "Introduction." In Academic Freedom in an Age of Conformity, 1–21. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137514790_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Age of freedom"

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Varinlioglu, Guzden, Yekta Ipek, Ozgun Balaban, and Sema Alacam. "Parametric Modeling of Archaeological Heritage in the Age of Digital Reconstruction." In XVIII Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - SIGraDi: Design in Freedom. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/despro-sigradi2014-0127.

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Gelo, Dora. "Media freedom and regulation in the context of reporting on national security issues." In 7th International Conference The Future of Information Sciences INFuture2019: Knowledge in the Digital Age. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb Department of Information and Communication Sciences, FF press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17234/infuture.2019.22.

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Ivanova-Stoyanova, Tsvetanka, and Dimitar Stoyanov. "PUBLIC CONTROL AND MEDIA'S FREEDOM AS FORMS FOR INFLUENCING DISINFORMATION." In THE LAW AND THE BUSINESS IN THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY 2020. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/lbcs2020.290.

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Free, objective media and the nongovernment /civil society organizations/ accept the function of corrective, both for the actions of the institutions and for the news streaming, which determine the agenda of the society. The age of globalization imputes new obligations on them in counteracting misinformation. In the absence of legal acts to regulate the fake news spread, civil society and the traditional media are the only barrier against this new threat.
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"JOURNALISM IN THE INFORMATION AGE: A GIFT OR A CURSE: A CASE STUDY OF FREEDOM OF THE PRESS IN INDONESIA." In World Conference on Media and Mass Communication. TIIKM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/medcom.2016.1102.

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Bali, Ahmed, Kurdistan Saeed, and Kanaan Abdullah. "The role of communication technology in political change and the freedom of digital media." In REFORM AND POLITICAL CHANGE. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp192-202.

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This study examines the nature of the relationship between journalists and politicians in the age of media entrepreneurship, with emphasis on the factors and challenges faced by both media entrepreneurs and politicians while using digital media. This study relies on an inductive approach through using the qualitative method, this involves conducting interviews (N: 41) with journalists to discover whether they work in traditional media organizations or/and own and manage digital media enterprises, it also brings to lights new information about politicians, especially those who have media inclinations. This study reveals that digital media provide journalists with opportunities to achieve professional and financial independence. However, their work in the context of Iraqi scope does not go beyond spreading propaganda and promoting various agenda of political parties and politicians. In terms of the content of media entrepreneurship, this study unveils anonymous social media which are affiliated with/ or supported by politicians which work as piracy for trolling political opponents and activists. It is assumed that such social media have serious repercussions for freedom and privacy. This worries activists and journalists that they are unable to express their opinions freely for fear of being attacked by anonymous social media working on behalf of politicians. Therefore, the ethics of social media and their ownership seems to be a major concern in the Iraqi political media space, and it should be taken into consideration in future research.
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Abdullah, Ahmed, Kurdistan Saeed, and Kanaan Abdullah. "The role of communication technology in political change and the freedom of digital media." In REFORM AND POLITICAL CHANGE. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp115-125.

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This study examines the nature of the relationship between journalists and politicians in the age of media entrepreneurship, with emphasis on the factors and challenges faced by both media entrepreneurs and politicians while using digital media. This study relies on an inductive approach through using the qualitative method, this involves conducting interviews (N: 41) with journalists to discover whether they work in traditional media organizations or/and own and manage digital media enterprises, it also brings to lights new information about politicians, especially those who have media inclinations. This study reveals that digital media provide journalists with opportunities to achieve professional and financial independence. However, their work in the context of Iraqi scope does not go beyond spreading propaganda and promoting various agenda of political parties and politicians. In terms of the content of media entrepreneurship, this study unveils anonymous social media which are affiliated with/ or supported by politicians which work as piracy for trolling political opponents and activists. It is assumed that such social media have serious repercussions for freedom and privacy. This worries activists and journalists that they are unable to express their opinions freely for fear of being attacked by anonymous social media working on behalf of politicians. Therefore, the ethics of social media and their ownership seems to be a major concern in the Iraqi political media space, and it should be taken into consideration in future research.
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Zordan, Tobia. "Sustainable Conceptual Design of Structures between Form Finding and Free Form Design: The Ruled Freedom." In IABSE Congress, Seoul 2012: Innovative Infrastructures – Towards Human Urbanism. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/seoul.2012.0006.

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<p>While the definition of “Sustainability” is a rather determined concept for many engineering disciplines, the way we have, as civil engineers, to effectively incorporate sustainability issues into Structural Design is still a fuzzy issue, even if many green rating systems cradle-to-grave are proposed in literature. Sustainability deals with the evaluation of uncertainties and with optimization procedures helping the Engineer to address the choice among a set of possible design alternatives.</p><p>Conceptual design represents a fundamental aspect in all design phases ranging, in its widest meaning, from the first ideas till the definition of the details and involving even aspects related to the life-cycle of the structure, as for instance, the long-term maintenance strategies.</p><p>In an age where digital tools are giving the Designers the possibility of expressing themselves shaping structures whose fundamentals can be completely separated from the principles of Structural Engineering, with the consequent dramatic increase of the uncertainties related to the long-term response of the structure. The lesson learnt from the Masters of Structural Engineering of last Century, with their utmost attention in the definition of the most suitable shape able to fit the structural requirements under given boundary conditions, seems to acquire the greatest importance within a sustainable process where the limitation of uncertainties appears to meaningfully contribute to the reliable quantification of the life cycle costs and resource consumption.</p><p>If we can share the statement, which is probably irrefutable, that the overall development ratio of the increasing world population and the increasing search for wealth is presently incompatible with the available resources, the contribution of Structural Engineering in limiting the uncertainties related to the life-cycle demand of structures and infrastructures can be meaningful.</p><p>There is a “Ruled Freedom” in achieving a piece of Structural Art through a sustainable design that must consider usual issues like safety and serviceability as well as other key features which are sometimes not taken in due consideration such as structural efficiency, aesthetics, adaptability, durability, life-cycle costs and minimal maintenance, risk reduction and value protection. A number of examples related to the mentioned aspects will be supplied in the following.</p>
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Elizabeth Bezanson, Mary, Kenneth J. Levine, and Susan B. Kretchmer. "Panel on: The Creation and Distortion of Communication through Information Technology." In 2003 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2733.

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Information and communication technology has opened up both challenges and opportunities for the process of communication. This is particularly true for communicating effectively and efficiently in the digital age, where unique problems of creation and distortion, especially misinformation and bias, can arise. In addition, the broad diffusion of a communication medium eventually prompts both the public and private sectors to establish mechanisms to regulate that medium under the rubric of the public interest. Sometimes this can happen through self-censorship on the part of the industry, while other times it requires the institution of governmental law and regulation. The emergence of the Internet as a mass communication system has raised questions about how this medium can function to benefit society, as well as concerns about its potential harm. Focusing on the nexus of the process of communication and the limitations and prospects of information technology, this panel explores some of the major concerns of the digital age from a legal and policy perspective. The topics to be covered through interactive discussion include: anonymous speech and cybersmearing; the nature of publication and misinformation; and Internet content filtering, freedom of speech, and intellectual property
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Gracia De Luna, Daniel, Roel Tijernia, Alley Butler, Emmett Tomai, Douglas Timmer, and Dumitru Caruntu. "A Study of Human Balance and Coordination Using a Head Mounted Display." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22486.

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Abstract This paper reports on an experiment in human subject balance and coordination using a HTC Vive head mounted display to create a virtual environment. For the experiment, 30 male human subjects of college age and 30 female subjects of college age were asked to navigate along a clear path in a virtual world using a controller with their dominant hand and asked to balance a virtual ball on a virtual plate using the other controller in the non-dominant hand. The test subjects moved along a clearly marked path, with three surprise obstacles occurring: a large rock landing near the path, and explosion near the path, and a flock of birds coming across the path. Data included 6 degree of freedom trajectories for the head, and both hands, as well as data gathered by the computer system on ball location and velocity, plate location and velocity and ball status. Likert scale questionnaires were answered by the test subjects relative to video game experience, sense of presence, and ease of managing the ball movement. Statistics showed that the male students dropped the ball less frequently at p = 0.0254 and p = 0.0036. In contrast, female students were aware of their performance with correlation levels of 0.632 and 0.588.
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Roman, Angela, and Valentina-Diana Rusu. "MACROECONOMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL DRIVERS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY. A CROSS-COUNTRY EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT." In Business and Management 2018. VGTU Technika, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2018.03.

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Our paper aims to investigate how the changes in macroeconomic conditions and the quality of insti-tutions affect the level of entrepreneurial activity in 18 European Union countries, over the period 2002–2016. Using panel-data estimation techniques, we alternatively analyzed the effects of some macroeconomic and institutional framework related factors (in particular, the quality of institutions) on entrepreneurial activity level, proxied by the total early-stage entrepreneurial activity rate, nascent entrepreneurship rate, and new business ownership rate. The results of our empirical analysis show that the economic situation of EU countries and the quality of institutions (reflected in our study through competitiveness, economic freedom, and governance quality) have a significant effect on early-stage entrepreneurs and for some variables the sign of the relationship depends on the age of the business. Our findings may be of interest to policy makers in developing effective policies contributing to enhancing the entrepreneurial capacity in different countries.
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Reports on the topic "Age of freedom"

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Gompert, David C. Right Makes Might: Freedom and Power in the Information Age. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada421899.

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Idris, Iffat. Promotion of Freedom of Religion or Belief. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.036.

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Freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) is a fundamental human right. However, the general global trend in recent years is towards increased FoRB violations by both government and non-government actors. Notable exceptions are Sudan and Uzbekistan, which have shown significant improvement in promoting FoRB, while smaller-scale positive developments have been seen in a number of other countries. The international community is increasingly focusing on FoRB. External actors can help promote FoRB through monitoring and reporting, applying external pressure on governments (and to a lesser extent non-government entities), and through constructive engagement with both government and non-government actors. The literature gives recommendations for how each of these approaches can be effectively applied. This review is largely based on grey (and some academic) literature as well as recent media reports. The evidence base was limited by the fact that so few countries have shown FoRB improvements, but there was wider literature on the role that external actors can play. The available literature was often gender blind (typically only referring to women and girls in relation to FoRB violations) and made negligible reference to persons with disabilities.
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Siebert, Rudolf J., and Michael R. Ott. Catholicism and the Frankfurt School. Association Inter-University Centre Dubrovnik, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53099/ntkd4301.

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The paper traces the development from the medieval, traditional union, through the modern disunion, toward a possible post-modern reunion of the sacred and the profane. It concentrates on the modern disunion and conflict between the religious and the secular, revelation and enlightenment, faith and autonomous reason in the Western world and beyond. It deals specifically with Christianity and the modern age, particularly liberalism, socialism and fascism of the 2Oth and the 21st centuries. The problematic inclination of Western Catholicism toward fascism, motivated by the fear of and hate against socialism and communism in the 20th century, and toward exclusive, authoritarian, and totalitarian populism and identitarianism in the 21st. century, is analyzed, compared and critiqued. Solutions to the problem are suggested on the basis of the Critical Theory of Religion and Society, derived from the Critical Theory of Society of the Frankfurt School. The critical theory and praxis should help to reconcile the culture wars which are continually produced by the modern antagonism between the religious and the secular, and to prepare the way toward post-modern, alternative Future III - the freedom of All on the basis of the collective appropriation of collective surplus value. Distribution and recognition problems are equally taken seriously.
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Iffat, Idris. Trends in Conflict and Stability in the Indo-Pacific. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.009.

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This report looks at trends in conflict and instability in the Indo-Pacific region, focusing on climate change effects and a number of civil liberties. The Indo-Pacific region is both highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change and already facing significant security risks and challenges, many of which will be exacerbated by the impact of climate change. There are notable increases in resource-based conflicts, migration-induced violence, and armed insurgencies. The countries reviewed all show worrying trends in terms of erosion of freedom of expression, media freedom, freedom of belief, and civil society freedom. The situation in Bangladesh and India is particularly serious and is already fuelling violence and conflict. The two themes on which the Emerging Issues Report (EIR) focuses are (i) climate change and (ii) guarding civil space and including all voices. The EIR examines these two themes in five Indo-Pacific countries: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand. These were chosen to give a broad range of situations and challenges/risks from the region. Note that this EIR is confined to an assessment of conflict risks and does not examine measures being taken by the government or others to address these.
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Yusupov, Dilmurad. Deaf Uzbek Jehovah’s Witnesses: The Case of Intersection of Disability, Ethnic and Religious Inequalities in Post-Soviet Uzbekistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.008.

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This study explores how intersecting identities based on disability, ethnicity and religion impact the wellbeing of deaf Uzbek Jehovah’s Witnesses in post-Soviet Uzbekistan. By analysing the collected ethnographic data and semi-structured interviews with deaf people, Islamic religious figures, and state officials in the capital city Tashkent, it provides the case of how a reaction of a majority religious group to the freedom of religious belief contributes to the marginalisation and exclusion of religious deaf minorities who were converted from Islam to the Jehovah’s Witnesses. The paper argues that the insensitivity of the dominant Muslim communities to the freedom of religious belief of deaf Uzbek Christian converts excluded them from their project activities and allocation of resources provided by the newly established Islamic Endowment Public charity foundation ‘Vaqf’. Deaf people in Uzbekistan are often stigmatised and discriminated against based on their disability identity, and religious inequality may further exacerbate existing challenges, lead to unintended exclusionary tendencies within the local deaf communities, and ultimately inhibit the formation of collective deaf identity and agency to advocate for their legitimate rights and interests.
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Thompson, Stephen, Brigitte Rohwerder, and Clement Arockiasamy. Freedom of Religious Belief and People with Disabilities: A Case Study of People with Disabilities from Religious Minorities in Chennai, India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.003.

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India has a unique and complex religious history, with faith and spirituality playing an important role in everyday life. Hinduism is the majority religion, and there are many minority religions. India also has a complicated class system and entrenched gender structures. Disability is another important identity. Many of these factors determine people’s experiences of social inclusion or exclusion. This paper explores how these intersecting identities influence the experience of inequality and marginalisation, with a particular focus on people with disabilities from minority religious backgrounds. A participatory qualitative methodology was employed in Chennai, to gather case studies that describe in-depth experiences of participants. Our findings show that many factors that make up a person’s identity intersect in India and impact how someone is included or excluded by society, with religious minority affiliation, caste, disability status, and gender all having the potential to add layers of marginalisation. These various identity factors, and how individuals and society react to them, impact on how people experience their social existence. Identity factors that form the basis for discrimination can be either visible or invisible, and discrimination may be explicit or implicit. Despite various legal and human rights frameworks at the national and international level that aim to prevent marginalisation, discrimination based on these factors is still prevalent in India. While some tokenistic interventions and schemes are in place to overcome marginalisation, such initiatives often only focus on one factor of identity, rather than considering intersecting factors. People with disabilities continue to experience exclusion in all aspects of their lives. Discrimination can exist both between, as well as within, religious communities, and is particularly prevalent in formal environments. Caste-based exclusion continues to be a major problem in India. The current socioeconomic environment and political climate can be seen to perpetuate marginalisation based on these factors. However, when people are included in society, regardless of belonging to a religious minority, having a disability, or being a certain caste, the impact on their life can be very positive.
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Pag, F., M. Jesper, U. Jordan, W. Gruber-Glatzl, and J. Fluch. Reference applications for renewable heat. IEA SHC Task 64, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task64-2021-0002.

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There is a high degree of freedom and flexibility in the way to integrate renewable process heat in industrial processes. Nearly in every industrial or commercial application various heat sinks can be found, which are suitable to be supplied by renewable heat, e.g. from solar thermal, heat pumps, biomass or others. But in contrast to conventional fossil fuel powered heating systems, most renewable heating technologies are more sensitive to the requirements defined by the specific demand of the industrial company. Fossil fuel-based systems benefit from their indifference to process temperatures in terms of energy efficiency, their flexibility with respect to part-load as well as on-off operation, and the fuel as a (unlimited) chemical storage. In contrast, the required temperature and the temporal course of the heat demand over the year determine whether a certain regenerative heat generator is technically feasible at all or at least significantly influence parameters like efficiency or coverage rate.
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Riederer, Bernhard, Nina-Sophie Fritsch, and Lena Seewann. Singles in the city: happily ever after? Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.res3.2.

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More people than ever are living in cities, and in these cities, more and more people are living alone. Using the example of Vienna, this paper investigates the subjective well-being of single households in the city. Previous research has identified positive and negative aspects of living alone (e.g., increased freedom vs. missing social embeddedness). We compare single households with other household types using data from the Viennese Quality of Life Survey (1995–2018). In our analysis, we consider overall life satisfaction as well as selected dimensions of subjective wellbeing (i.e., housing, financial situation, main activity, family, social contacts, leisure time). Our findings show that the subjective well-being of single households in Vienna is high and quite stable over time. While single households are found to have lower life satisfaction than two-adult households, this result is mainly explained by singles reporting lower satisfaction with family life. Compared to households with children, singles are more satisfied with their financial situation, leisure time and housing, which helps to offset the negative consequences of missing family ties (in particular with regard to single parents).
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Lenhardt, Amanda. Defining Characteristics of Democracy in the 21st Century. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.064.

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This report offers a brief overview of the literature on the defining characteristics of democracy in the 21st century. This report seeks to map out a range of conceptual approaches to understanding democracy, evidence on emerging trends in democratisation, and challenges to realising democracy in its varied forms. The report begins with a discussion on definitions of democracy that have emerged in recent decades (Section 2), highlighting a range of qualifiers that are widely used to differentiate and analyse different democratic regime types. Section 3 summarises trends in key indicators of democracy from widely cited observers – The Economist Intelligence Unit and the V-Dem Institute - and recent trends in public opinion towards democracy, according to World Values and Pew Centre surveys. Section 4 gives a very brief overview of three leading challenges to democracy discussed widely in the literature – gender inequality; the role of media and social media; and declining quality of elections, freedom of expression and civic space.
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Allen, Luke, Joon Lim, Robert Haehnel, and Ian Dettwiller. Helicopter rotor blade multiple-section optimization with performance. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41031.

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This paper presents advancements in a surrogate-based, rotor blade design optimization framework for improved helicopter performance. The framework builds on previous successes by allowing multiple airfoil sections to designed simultaneously to minimize required rotor power in multiple flight conditions. Rotor power in hover and forward flight, at advance ratio 𝜇 = 0.3, are used as objective functions in a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The framework is constructed using Galaxy Simulation Builder with optimization provided through integration with Dakota. Three independent airfoil sections are morphed using ParFoil and aerodynamic coefficients for the updated airfoil shapes (i.e., lift, drag, moment) are calculated using linear interpolation from a database generated using C81Gen/ARC2D. Final rotor performance is then calculated using RCAS. Several demonstrative optimization case studies were conducted using the UH-60A main rotor. The degrees of freedom for this case are limited to the airfoil camber, camber crest position, thickness, and thickness crest position for each of the sections. The results of the three-segment case study show improvements in rotor power of 4.3% and 0.8% in forward flight and hover, respectively. This configuration also yields greater reductions in rotor power for high advance ratios, e.g., 6.0% reduction at 𝜇 = 0.35, and 8.8% reduction at 𝜇 = 0.4.
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