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au, r. ong@murdoch edu, and Rachel Ong. "Ageing in Australia: Financial Independence and Work Disincentive Issues." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050526.150529.
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This thesis investigates issues central to population ageing in Australia. A principal policy concern is financing the retirement incomes of an increasing number of aged retirees from a shrinking working age population. The investigation has two primary aims. The first is to measure the budgetary savings that alternative social security reforms may yield, and the implications of these reforms for the economic wellbeing of the elderly. The second is to examine how the aged can become more self sufficient through an exploration of the potential role of home equity conversion, an understanding of why the labour force participation of mature age Australians is low, and how labour force participation may be promoted as retirement approaches.
A microsimulation model is employed to conduct empirical analyses in the context of the new tax system introduced in July 2000. The main microsimulation exercises include measurement of the impacts of potential social security reforms and home equity conversion on the economic well-being of the elderly, and estimation of work disincentive measures, that is, effective marginal tax rates and replacement rates. The Replacement rate estimates are then used in econometric models of labour force participation. Innovative approaches are developed to overcome methodological problems that have prevented the inclusion of replacement rates in previous models.
The major findings are that reforms motivated by budgetary savings can have sizeable adverse impacts on the economic well-being of the elderly. Home equity conversion can promote financial independence, but significant risks are borne by elderly homeowners in those states and regions with less buoyant house prices. Blunt work incentives are experienced by specific mature age socio-economic groups, in particular persons whose partners incomes help to cushion their economic position on quitting employment. The replacement rate is found to have a significant impact on the participation decision of mature age persons.
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Ong, Rachel. "Ageing in Australia: financial independence and work disincentive issues." Ong, Rachel (2004) Ageing in Australia: financial independence and work disincentive issues. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/233/.
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This thesis investigates issues central to population ageing in Australia. A principal policy concern is financing the retirement incomes of an increasing number of aged retirees from a shrinking working age population. The investigation has two primary aims. The first is to measure the budgetary savings that alternative social security reforms may yield, and the implications of these reforms for the economic wellbeing of the elderly. The second is to examine how the aged can become more self sufficient through an exploration of the potential role of home equity conversion, an understanding of why the labour force participation of mature age Australians is low, and how labour force participation may be promoted as retirement approaches.
A microsimulation model is employed to conduct empirical analyses in the context of the new tax system introduced in July 2000. The main microsimulation exercises include measurement of the impacts of potential social security reforms and home equity conversion on the economic well-being of the elderly, and estimation of work disincentive measures, that is, effective marginal tax rates and replacement rates. The Replacement rate estimates are then used in econometric models of labour force participation. Innovative approaches are developed to overcome methodological problems that have prevented the inclusion of replacement rates in previous models.
The major findings are that reforms motivated by budgetary savings can have sizeable adverse impacts on the economic well-being of the elderly. Home equity conversion can promote financial independence, but significant risks are borne by elderly homeowners in those states and regions with less buoyant house prices. Blunt work incentives are experienced by specific mature age socio-economic groups, in particular persons whose partners' incomes help to cushion their economic position on quitting employment. The replacement rate is found to have a significant impact on the participation decision of mature age persons.
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Ong, Rachel Kien Ling. "Ageing in Australia : financial independence and work disincentive issues /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050526.150529.
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Weber, Jeannette [Verfasser], and Peter [Gutachter] Angerer. "Psychosocial determinants of work ability and healthy ageing at work / Jeannette Weber ; Gutachter: Peter Angerer." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211813932/34.
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Davison, Jean. "Researching ageing bodies in the home : a Foucauldian analysis." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2015. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/27271/.
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The structure of the United Kingdom population is changing with the percentage of people aged 65 and over increasing from 15% in 1985 to 17% in 2010 (Office of National Statistics 2012). During this time older people have been encouraged to remain living in their own homes (National Consultative Ethics Committee for Health and Life Sciences 1998). There is a growing body of evidence regarding older people and their homes concentrated primarily on the interpretative paradigm. In view of the existing evidence base the question posed was: ‘How do the discursive practices of older people living in their own homes reflect societal discourses?’ The aim of the research was to investigate the meaning of the home space and how older peoples’ discursive practices reflect societal discourses. In order to meet this aim the paradigm of post-modernism was selected along with the methodology of discourse analysis using Michel Foucault’s ideas. Narrative accounts were generated from a sample of 12 older people on two separate occasions on a one-to-one basis. The data was transcribed verbatim and a thematic analysis was used to condense the data and to allow for a Foucauldian discourse analysis of the topics identified by the participants. Five dominant discourses were identified as follows: Discourse of Risk – this was related to danger and trauma such as falls but the underlying risk was that of losing the home; Discourse of the Failing Body - explained how the participants were managing the physical demands of home-keeping with bodily changes threatening self-sufficiency; Discourse of Cognition – ageing as cognitively ‘challenged’ and again could be a threat to self-sufficiency; Discourse of Connections – the importance of contact and socialisation with others, animals and artefacts; Discourse of Consumption – highlighted the acquisition of equipment, adaptations and services to look after the self and the home and demonstrate ability. The meta-discourse of ageing as inevitable decline that circulates in society was being adhered to. However, one of the main findings was that the older people managed ageing in the home via managing risk. There was a constant underlying fear of losing their home and the participants consequently adopted the subject position of vulnerability. Foucault discusses the pervasiveness of power but stresses that where there is power there is resistance. In order to resist power, however, individuals need to gain critical consciousness. Challenging the status quo is essential if the dominant discourses regarding ageing are to be changed. Discursive trends towards ageing do appear to be emerging, but these are being heavily influenced by neoliberal policies and challenges from other modes of thinking are limited. Older people themselves can and do resist these dominant discourses and this requires continued encouragement and facilitation by professionals, voluntary organisations and the media.
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Aldalooj, Esraa. "Psychosocial work environment and oral health in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10043871/.
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BACKGROUND: A growing body of literature shows that psychosocial work environment influences the health of employees and their quality of life. A few studies also suggest that psychosocial work environment might influence oral health. However, the evidence for an association between work stress and oral health is very limited and inconclusive in terms of temporality, as the current literature was exclusively based on crosssectional designs. Given the increasing proportion of older adults in the population and workforce, there is a need to investigate the potential role of psychosocial work factors as a broader determinant of oral health. AIM: The aim of this thesis was to examine whether psychosocial work environment was a determinant of oral health among older working adults, and whether this association was explained by demographic, socio-economic and behavioural factors. METHODS: Secondary analysis of data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) waves 3 (2006-07), 4 (2008-09) and 5 (2010-11) was conducted. The sample comprised a total of 1,854 adults aged 50 to 65 years in the cross-sectional analysis, and 1,542 and 1,058, respectively, in two different sets of longitudinal analyses. Two key measures of psychosocial work environment were derived from the ELSA self-report questionnaire, reflecting on the work demand-control model (work control) and the effort-reward imbalance model (work quality). Oral health outcomes were assessed using self-rated oral health, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and selfreported edentulousness. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio of poor oral health outcomes for different psychosocial work environment exposures, sequentially adjusted for age, gender, marital status, education, income, type of work and smoking status. RESULTS: When compared to those with high levels of work control, those at low levels had higher odds of poor self-rated oral health (OR 1.44; 95% CI: 1.08-1.93) and poor OHRQoL (OR 1.91; 95% CI: 1.10-3.31) in the cross-sectional analysis. Similarly, low work quality was associated with poor self-rated oral health (OR 1.48; 95% CI: 1.08- 2.03) and OHRQoL (OR 1.91; 95% CI: 1.15-3.15). In the longitudinal analysis, low quality of work at wave 3 also predicted poor self-rated oral health (OR 1.43; 95% CI: 1.01-2.04) and OHRQoL (OR 1.65; 95% CI: 1.06-2.57) four years later when compared to high quality of work, though the association between quality of work and OHRQoL was weaker in the longitudinal analysis compared to the cross-sectional. Some evidence was found between repeated exposure to low quality of work at waves 3 and 4 with worse OHRQoL at wave 5 with OR 2.38 (95% CI: 1.09-5.20). All associations were independent from selected covariates at wave 3. CONCLUSION: The role of psychosocial work environment on poor oral health appears to be limited among older English working adults. The study found some evidence of associations between work quality and OHRQoL in the cross-sectional, longitudinal and repeated exposure analyses. There was some weak evidence for the association between work control and oral health status. This thesis contributes to the understanding of the links between psychosocial work conditions and oral health in later life.
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Greasley-Adams, Corinne S. G. "Work Activities of older people : beyond paid employment." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/6504.
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In recent years much has been made of active and productive ageing policies, with the attempt to promote a more positive image of ageing. Despite this, negative representations of ageing and conceptualisations of older people as a ‘burden’ persist. This thesis presents an argument that these negative images are intertwined with common understandings of work, the frequent equating of this to paid employment within the field of social gerontology, and the reliance upon cessation of work in determining the beginning of old age. With reference to the wider literature in the sociology of work, an argument is presented that determines why it is essential to challenge those taken-for-granted assumptions about older people and work. Reflecting upon the findings from an exploratory and qualitative research project, which focuses upon the perspective of the older people themselves, attention is given to the detail of what should be encapsulated into new understandings of work. Within the thesis it is argued that there are many activities undertaken by the older person, which should be thought of as work, including (but not limited to) paid employment, volunteering, care, attendance at social clubs, undertaking sport and physical activity. Some of these activities might more intuitively be thought of as acts of leisure. However, it is evidenced within this thesis that there are fuzzy and blurred boundaries between leisure and work - older people leisure at work and work at leisure. The recognition of these blurring boundaries is one aspect that must be incorporated into re-conceptualisations of work. The thesis demonstrates how the work of older people transcends different socio-economic spheres and there are multiple interrelations existing between different activities. Whilst this last point resonates with the approach of some authors in the sociology of work, they have never been incorporated within the field of social gerontology. Through this analysis, and promoting a new way through which the activities of older people might be incorporated within the rubric of work, it is hoped that ageism might be challenged in a similar vein to the way in which feminist researchers once challenged sexism in relation to work and housework. This thesis reflects upon how we need to identify and conceptualise the third age in light of the findings. It highlights how the working lives of older people are shaped through a process of negotiation between social expectations within current political and economic contexts, influences from key historical events and social changes, and the desire for freedom, autonomy and choice. Age period cohort is crucial in determining the world of work, and more generally how ageing might be experienced. Through its unique approach, and the lessons learnt within this thesis, a theoretical framework is provided to assist in future comprehensive studies of both work and ageing. Overall, this thesis makes significant contributions to understandings of work and ageing following the consideration of two schools of thought (i.e. sociology of work and social gerontology), which previously have been infrequent companions.
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Örestig, Johan. "The long and winding road : A life course approach to retirement behaviour." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-80798.
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Background: This thesis explores the retirement behaviour of older people approaching retirement decisions. The research questions in focus deal with the attitudes toward work, the retirement preferences and the subjective well-being of the "youngest old", i.e. people aged 55–64. The included studies analyse the social determinants of these subjective evaluations and how they predict the timing of retirement and post-retirement well-being. Methods: In the included studies, methods are used that allow us to follow developments over time. Repeated cross-sectional analyses are employed to examine general developments pertaining to the older work force. These include OLS and logistic regression analysis. Longitudinal analyses are used to follow individual developments over time. These include Structural equation modelling and Cox regression analysis. Results: The results indicate that subjective evaluations such as attitudes to work and retirement preferences, as well as subjective well-being, are closely related to the structural conditions to which individuals are exposed, i.e. class position and work environment. The results also indicate that subjective evaluations such as preferred exit age and subjective well-being reported while in the work force are determinants of both the timing of retirement (in the case of preferred exit age and pre-retirement subjective well-being) and post-retirement subjective well-being (in the case of pre-retirement subjective well-being). Also, results indicate that recent policy changes in the Swedish pension systems are reflected in the retirement preferences of the older work force. A comparison of two time-points representing the incentive structure of the old and the new pension systems indicates that preferences were delayed with pension reform. Conclusion: The thesis contributes a temporal perspective to a research field that is dominated by research studying retirement behaviour at a single point of in time. The included studies underline the value of understanding retirement behaviour as a process rather than an isolated event. The way people evaluate their work, their well-being and their retirement prospects is intimately intertwined with their earlier experience. These subjective evaluations affect future retirement outcomes. Life course approaches offer illuminating tools for examining and explaining the significance of the biographies behind retirement behaviour.<br>Panel Survey of ageing and the elderly
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FUSCALDO, MARCO. "ESSAYS ON AGEING, HEALTH AND DISABILITY IN ITALY." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1494.
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La tesi è una raccolta di tre saggi sul processo di invecchiamento, salute e disabilità in Italia. Il primo capitolo esplora la relazione tra gli indicatori di salute. Il secondo guarda all'associazione tra condizioni di cattiva salute e la qualità del lavoro in un'ottica multidimensionale e di genere. Infine il terzo studia la disabilità in Italia con l'ausilio del capability approach.<br>The thesis is a collection of three essays on ageing, health and disability for Italy. The first chapter explores the complex structure of un-health among older people in Italy. The second investigates the connection of un-health and quality of work by adopting a multidimensional view and a gender perspective. The third explores disability by adopting the capability approach.
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Buchanan, Kevin. "Reminiscence and the social relations of ageing : a discourse-analytic study of reminiscence work with older people." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1993. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32416.
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'Reminiscence work' is currently a popular component of care provision for older people in the UK. However, despite the prevalence of positive 'anecdotal' reports, systematic research has so far failed to show consistent evidence of the benefits of reminiscence work for older people.
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Selcuk, Ahmet. "Effect of cold work on the ageing and formability of a Cu 1.8wt% Be 0.25wt% Co alloy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47644.
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Barrett-Lennard, Julie. "Responding pastorally to the ageing population : with a proposed training programme for clergy and lay pastoral workers /." Barrett-Lennard, Julie (2006) Responding pastorally to the ageing population: with a proposed training programme for clergy and lay pastoral workers. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/204/.
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The increased longevity in contemporary western society is impacting on many service and caring organisations in that they are needing to find ways of responding to the increasing number of older persons who need support. The Church is not immune from this as statistics demonstrate that the age demographic within the Church is rapidly changing to include many more older persons. However, evidence is strong that the Church to date has not been as alert as it could have been to the implications of the ageing population, nor has it been awake to the potential available within adult ministry. Therefore scholars and gerontologists are strident in their attempts to wake the Church from its slumber with respect to responding to the ageing population.
The impetus of this research was to determine how alert the Anglican Diocese of Perth is to this rapidly increasing age demographic, and how well equipped its clergy and lay pastoral workers are to respond to the increasing number of older persons both within the Church and within society. To achieve this, a survey was conducted amongst a selection of clergy and lay pastoral workers in the Diocese of Perth. As part of the survey, comments were sought from participants on how important they believed training in ministry to older persons was for them, and what factors would enable and encourage them to attend training in this area.
The literature reviewed for this research, the survey results, and the ensuing discussion combine to underline the need for ministry to older persons to be taken seriously by the Church. As a way of stimulating interest, and equipping clergy and lay pastoral workers, in the area of pastoral care of older persons, this thesis provides the structure of a training programme that it is envisaged will be offered to the Anglican Diocese of Perth.
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Meshekrani, Hylja, and Christina Nordin. "Äldres berättelser om åldrandet." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24451.
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ABSTRACTOur main objective with this essay is to provide a description of old people’s stories about aging. The essay is based on the empirical source of four qualitative interviews with older people over the age of eighty years young. The main goal is to inquire answers about; their time in the workforce; retirements; healthissues; media/advertisements; adolescence/youthfulness and attitudes. The following main questions have been dealt with: What do the elderly emphasize when they describe ageing? Are healthissues the prime subjects the elderly talk about? Do the elderly experience positive or negative attitudes towards ageing? What is their point of view of younger generations? In what way do they describe their years as workers? In what way do they describe aspects about their retirement? We reserved to consider the opinion of their own, to be the most valuable source in our study. However, it turns out, that sometimes they’d generalize the answer to a question on their own. They generalize especially aspects about their fear and security in being old. The prime subject is not about healthissues. These elderly are healthy; therefore they direct their concerns toward other people. They experience themselves as younger than their chronological age. Sometimes that difference is enormous. Their ageing is not described in correlation with retirement. Instead they related experiences to changes of the body, while their selfimage stays the same. They do not experience attitude towards themselves, because of their high age. Some of them either believe limitations are natural causes or hidden and political. The elderly elevate youthfulness in general as something positive, while some on the other hand have a grudge against adolescence of today.
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Krutrök, Malin. "Hur förlänger vi arbetslivet? : En kvalitativ studie om äldre arbetskraft inom Luleå kommuns gymnasieskolor." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-128537.
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Luleå kommun står inför en stor generationsväxling kommande år, där efterfrågan på arbetskraft kommer vara större än utbudet. En allt äldre befolkning gör att de som arbetar måste försörja fler. Om äldre arbetskraft arbetar längre skulle det ge stora effekter på den framtida sysselsättningen och försörjningsbördan. Studiens syfte har därför varit att undersöka pensionspreferenserna hos äldre gymnasielärare inom Luleå kommun och identifiera de olika bakgrundsfaktorer som påverkar deras önskemål gällande ålder för ålderspensionering. Målsättningen med studien har varit att skapa en förståelse kring äldre arbetskraft som ska generera i ett underlag för Luleå kommuns arbete med äldre arbetskraft och möjligheten att förlänga arbetslivet. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra gymnasielärare och två rektorer har resultatet visat att majoriteten av lärarna är inställda att arbeta fram till 65 års ålder. De faktorer som påverkar pensionsbeslutet är hälsan i första hand men även påverkansmöjligheter och ekonomin. Lärarna är i stort positiva till att kunna förlänga arbetslivet men för att stanna kvar längre vill de få vara delaktiga och kunna påverka sin arbetssituation där arbetskraven anpassas efter arbetsförmåga. Lönepåslag eller möjlighet att gå ner i tid ökar även förutsättningen för att lärarna kan tänka sig att stanna kvar i arbetslivet längre.
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Paque, Louise. "A portfolio of academic, clinical and research work : including successful ageing; a comparison of psychiatric service users and non-users." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264255.
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Christie, Julie. "'I try to forget about the dementia' : realising the resilience of the person ageing with dementia in social work practice." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24422.
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This thesis considers whether the concept of resilience is applicable to people ageing with dementia; and, if so, what the implications are for social work practice. It begins with an exploration of the literature on dementia, resilience and social work. Using a symbolic interactionist approach it then details how the interactions of people with dementia and their social workers can potentially influence the realisation of resilience in practice. I collected data over a two year period. During this period six dyads comprising a person with dementia and social worker provided rich verbal accounts of their respective experiences. Using narrative analysis the stories of each person with dementia were explored to reveal threats to identity and possible resilience strategies. A resilience lens was applied to the verbal accounts of social workers in order to reveal opportunities and challenges to using resilience in practice. The findings indicate that identity continues to be of importance to people who are ageing with dementia. The preservation of identity could therefore be re-framed as the outcome of a resilience process. Each person could potentially acquire resources over their life which could help to mitigate threats to identity. This is referred to as the resilience reserve. This thesis details the potential domains of such a reserve. Further, it contains details of possible resilience strategies that a person with dementia might employ within stories of self. These strategies are placed within the context of protective and vulnerability factors in order that a resilience framework can emerge. This thesis argues for a re-framing of theories of what social work is. This, combined with a definition of resilience, and the development of a resilience practice framework could promote and realise the resilience of the person ageing with dementia.
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Byström, Fanny, and Elise Isaksson. "Delaktighet i daglig verksamhet : upplevelsen hos äldrepersoner med utvecklingsstörning." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69462.
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Att ha en utvecklingsstörning leder ofta till svårigheter att utföra dagliga aktiviteter. Detta resulterar i behov av anpassat stöd för att kunna vara delaktig. Personer somhar en utvecklingsstörning blir allt äldre och går inte i pension vid samma ålder somden övriga befolkningen. Därför har den dagliga verksamheten en stor betydelse förderas vardag. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur äldre personer som har enutvecklingsstörning upplever sin delaktighet i daglig verksamhet. För att få svar pådetta genomfördes kvalitativa intervjuer med nio personer som har enutvecklingsstörning, regelbundet gick på daglig verksamhet och var över 50 år. Ianalysen framkom tre teman, personliga faktorer, miljöfaktorer och bestämmande,vilka påverkade informanternas upplevelse av delaktighet. Studien visade attupplevelsen av delaktigheten på daglig verksamhet hade förbättrats jämfört med närde var yngre. Det framkom att åldrandet påverkade delaktighet eftersom erfarenhetupplevs leda till ökad kunskap om sin egen aktivitetsförmåga. Informanterna menadeatt de nu hade större möjlighet att fatta egna beslut och själva påverka sitt görande på daglig verksamhet. En slutsats var att informanterna inte reflekterat så mycket överatt bli äldre, vilket kan bero på att övergången till ålderdomen inte blir så tydlig då pensionering är ovanligt.<br>Having an intellectual disability often leads to limitations in performing daily activities. It also results in a need for tailored support to be able to participate. The mean age for persons with an intellectual disability is increasing and they do not retire at the same age as people without intellectual disability. Daily activities therefore have an important role in their everyday life. The aim was to investigate how older persons with intellectual disabilities perceive their participation in daily activities. Nine qualitative interviews were conducted with persons over 50 years old who had an intellectual disability and who regularly engaged in daily activities. The analysis highlighted three themes,- decision-making, personal factors and environmental factors,- that affect the informants’ perception of participation in daily activities. The study showed that the perception of participation in daily activities had improved compared with when they were younger. Ageing affects participation because experience is perceived as bringing greater knowledge about performance capacity.The informants reported that they now had more opportunities to make decisions and influence their situation in daily activities. One conclusion is that people with intellectual disabilities do not reflect much about becoming older since the transition to being old is not that clear because retirement is unusual.
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Wreder, Malin. "I omsorgens namn : Tre diskurser om äldreomsorg." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2322.
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The aim of this study is to describe and analyse three different discourses on elderly care, as they emerge in statements from care staff and research. Each discourse centres on a sign, or pair of signs: care, education/professional competence, and the elderly/ageing. Drawing its main inspiration from Laclau and Mouffe, and Foucault, the analysis is made with regard to how the discourses are constructed, what they include and exclude. The discourse on care interconnects family, homeliness and mutuality. Empathy, a good attitude, family ideals endow elderly care with distinctly feminine connotations. Theoretical concepts such as rationality of care and an almost exclusive research focus on women’s work have tended to construct the same nexus. Unknowingly, or sometimes despite intentions, the discourse in this way reproduces conservative gender roles. A discourse on ‘anti-care’, exemplified by disorganisation and incompetent management, is also created and invested with responsibility for shortcomings. The discourse on education and professional competence centres on claims to medical and executive tasks by nurses, the struggle against deprofessionalisation of assistant nurses, and the attempt of nurse aids to resist categorisation as ‘anybody’. Education/training are considered important to raise work status, but also leading to an instrumental attitude and distance from the core of the occupation – care. The discourse on the elderly and ageing characterises them as lonely and depressed. Also being violent and ungrateful, their behaviour undermine the notion of mutuality. Social interaction and outdoor walks are presented as means to improve their situation. Fundamental to the discourse is an ambiguous approach to ageing as both natural and something to be deferred. Ageing is further presented as decivilisation process, in which gradual loss of control over the body is also a loss of human-ness. The body is, paradoxically, what both defines and disqualifies the elderly as fully human. The depersonalising and biographing procedures of elderly care, sequential but overlapping, display its proximity to Goffman’s total institution and Foucault’s panopticon. Conversation plays an important disciplinary part in encouraging the elderly to want to do right, i.e., be socially active, and avoid amoral or asocial habits like drink, sex or solitude.
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O'Neill, Patricia. "Chinese daughters negotiating contemporary norms and traditional filial obligation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:82c7fd13-1f64-467a-8756-779363c8c98e.
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In the past, Chinese normative values deprived daughters of education, choice and autonomy, relegating them to a dependent domestic role within a rigid family hierarchy. This is no longer the norm. Today, Chinese daughters are widely educated and many are working outside the home, becoming financial assets to their families. Despite this, gendered expectations concerning filial obligation have not abated, and perhaps surprisingly given their modern lifestyles and financial contributions, Chinese daughters continue to accept this responsibility, including caregiving for ageing parents. The aim of this thesis is to explore the nature of the current caregiving paradigm between Chinese daughters, their parents and parents-in-law. It seeks to understand why Chinese daughters continue to undertake filial obligation when they are no longer dependent on the family; how they manage the practical discharge of filial obligation; and the ways in which traditional filial obligation have shifted. In furtherance of this exploration, in 2011 and 2012, 58 Chinese women and 6 Filipina domestic helpers were interviewed in Hong Kong and Singapore. Thematic analysis was performed on the transcribed data. Symbolic interactionism, caregiving motivation models, and Hochschild's (1983) theory of emotion management provided the conceptual and theoretical framework for the research. Drawing from the data, a support and care typology was developed reflecting the varying levels of daughters' filial support and their motivations for providing this support. Among these respondents, the core belief in "duty" has not fundamentally changed from that of their parents' generation. However, feelings of affection and gratitude, the strength of traditional or contemporary norms, and one’s self-image together with emotion work, moderated the duration and quality of care daughters were willing to provide. These factors may also determine whether caregiving is outsourced to foreign domestic helpers, or whether parents and in-laws are placed in nursing homes, and the nature of care provided thereafter.
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Black, Elizabeth Leslie. "Older people in Scotland : family, work and retirement and the Welfare State from 1845 to 1999." Thesis, St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/561.
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Jun, Jiweon. "Balance beyond work life : an empirical study of older people's time use in the UK." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1d22c738-ca3a-4ac9-bebd-2efa3a99ddd5.
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This thesis examines how patterns of time use change in later life and how the way in which older people use their time is related to well-being. Arguing that maintaining balance in time use concerns not only people of working age but matters for people of all ages, we propose an alternative theoretical framework of life balance. This consists of two conceptual models: The Life Balance Triangle and Multidimensional Life Balance (MLB). Using UK time use data, the thesis demonstrates the empirical applicability of these two models in enhancing our understanding of older people's daily lives. The life balance model, which we built by modifying the theoretical categorisation of time use by Ås (1978) and the work-leisure triangle of Gershuny (2003), identifies and presents alteration in time use across the life course as changes in balance between constraints (committed time) and freedom of choice (discretionary time), controlling for time spent on biological/physiological maintenance (regenerative time). We find the balance shifts towards greater discretionary, and less committed, time in later life, with a significant gender gap. Life stage, which reflects social structure and expectations, rather than biological ageing, was found to be the most influential factor for life balance dynamics. Findings suggest that men may find it more difficult to adjust to life beyond work because of abrupt and greater changes in life balance, which may disrupt their daily time structure. The multidimensional life balance model challenges the assumption of a linear relationship between the level of activity and well-being of older people. Adapting the Alkire-Foster method (Alkire and Foster, 2011), we propose a threshold-based approach that takes the heterogeneity of older people and multidimensionality of daily life into account, and emphasises overall balance in the level of activities across various activity domains. Results show MLB is associated positively with better self-assessed health, suggesting a threshold effect. We also identify the demographic/socio-economic groups more likely to lack MLB, as well as domains in which most people are deficient. The thesis contributes to work-life balance research by moving beyond paid-work centrality, and to ageing research by providing a multidimensional approach to activities and well-being in later life.
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Davis, Oliver. "Subjectivity and the ageing process in twentieth-century French writing, with particular reference to the work of Simone de Beauvoir, Guillaume Dustan, AndreÌ Gide, HerveÌ Guibert and Violette Leduc." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289009.
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Blomqvist, Sara, and Clara Mäkitalo. "Att åldras med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning : yrkesverksammas syn på dubbel behovstillhörighet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-66383.
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Individer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning blir idag äldre än tidigare. Detta leder till att de utvecklar ett kombinerat omsorgsbehov utifrån intellektuell funktionsnedsättning och åldersproblematik. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur yrkesverksamma inom LSS-verksamhet förhåller sig till målgruppen och vilka möjligheter som finns att få sitt behov tillgodosett utifrån både funktionsnedsättning och åldrande. Frågeställningarna berör vilka insatser som finns för att möta målgruppens behov av stöd och omsorg samt hur samverkan ser ut utifrån lagstiftning och organisation. Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ metod där det empiriska materialet har insamlats genom intervjuer med utgångspunkt i en halvstrukturerad intervjuguide. Resultatet har analyserat utifrån intersektionellt perspektiv. Resultatet visade att det finns en gemensam syn på målgruppen och dess omsorgsbehov men att det saknas riktlinjer och kunskap om vilka alternativ som står till förfogande. Vidare framkom att det finns individer som kan vara aktuella för insatser genom både LSS och äldreomsorgen men att lagstiftningens uppdelning kan utgöra hinder för att utveckla insatsmodeller som tillgodoser individernas kombinerade omsorgsbehov. Detta leder till slutsatsen att det inom lagstiftningarna LSS och SoL finns möjlighet att skapa lösningar för målgruppen genom individuella behovsprövningar samtidigt som målgruppens tillhörighet till LSS kan begränsa möjlighet till insatser via annan lagstiftning. Utmaningen ligger i att skapa samverkan och samsyn mellan LSS och äldreomsorgen och utveckla insatser som tillgodoser målgruppens kombinerade behov.
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Tak, Min Young. "Transition and choice in residential long-term care for older people in England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:49ce17a1-ba76-4fb8-ae94-a7fd35c2fa5e.
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Care transition, the process of moving from community care to residential care, is one of the biggest changes that older people can experience in their later life. Evidence from the literature suggests that older people's experiences of care transition tend to be negative and traumatic, with most of them being little involved in the process of care transition. How older people exercise choice during the period of care transition is important for understanding their experiences of care transition for the following two reasons: first, choice has been referred to in the literature as the key to less stressful care transition experiences, which can subsequently lead to a better quality of life in residential homes; second, the introduction of choice in public services has been the key plank of British social policy in recent decades and there has been a movement towards extending choice in residential care. This research aims to study older people's care transition experiences and their exercise of choice during the process of care transition, to explore the meaning and the perceived effects of choice and to identify the role of choice in promoting a positive care transition. This thesis presents findings from 48 in-depth interviews with older people who became new residents in one of the ten participating residential homes in London and had their care paid for by the local authority. This research identified four groups of older people who showed marked differences in terms of their needs, their exercise of choice during the care transition process and their adaptation to residential care: Active Planners, Conformists, the Unsettled and Shelter-Seekers. The findings from this research suggest that the older people's care transition experiences varied and that they stretch beyond the prevailing evidence emphasising the stressfulness of the care transition. The cases of Active Planners and Shelter-Seekers show the potential for positive roles for care homes in the case of users with genuine needs for residential care. An overwhelming majority of the older people who were interviewed were great proponents of choice and many of them actively exercised choice in the course of their care transition. This challenges the claim of the passivity of older people which has been argued in the literature. However, the cases of some Conformists who did not want to exercise choice also highlight that having no choice can be a choice for some older people. On the whole, older people’s exercise of choice played an important role in facilitating a positive transition, despite it not being a precondition for such a transition. However, there were administrative issues limiting the level and the extent of choice that were available to the older people and the Unsettled experienced an undesired move into a care home, having their choices denied or rejected. This thesis also questions the working of choice and competition in residential care, as the older people did not seem to enjoy the expected benefits of choice relating to service improvements which have been argued for in the literature.
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Hayes, Tracy. "Making sense of nature : a creative exploration of young people's relationship with the natural environment." Thesis, University of Cumbria, 2018. http://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/3732/.
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Can you imagine a world where no-one goes outside? Our world is under threat from human activities, from what we do, and the way we do it. This will have a huge impact on our future lives, and we need to think about how we protect places and the people, animals and plants found there. Whilst, there is a widely-recognised need to address this threat, there is a specific focus on how we can involve young people in this process. Within this, there is additional concern about how little time children and young people spend outside. My qualitative study responds to these concerns by exploring young people’s relationship with nature, and how this may be developed through the projects we offer them. The participating projects have been spread across England, from south-east to north-west, including rural, coastal and urban environments. The young people, aged between 11 and 25, were from diverse backgrounds, with a wide range of individual needs. This transdisciplinary research has used an innovative blended methodology, combining hermeneutics, (auto)ethnography and action research (HEAR) to explore the topic. I have been creative in my approach, preferring everyday language and making use of stories. I have listened to and observed people’s stories, and created new stories based on these experiences. My work emphasises the importance of communication, how we talk to and with people, and how we talk about the natural environment. Contributions to practice include the development of a new toolkit providing guidance for practitioners on how to work effectively outdoors, with young people identified as having special educational needs and/or disabilities. Contributions to knowledge include a new conceptualisation of the different forms of story, and a new methodological approach (HEAR) to explore outdoor learning experiences. These outcomes are founded in young peoples’ perspectives and grounded in practice.
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Nordqvist, Klara. "Att flytta ifrån sitt hem sent i livet : Äldre personers erfarenheter av att flytta till servicehus." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-656.
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Högsnes, Monika. "Livsberättelser om att åldras med Cerebral Pares." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71441.
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Kunskapen om funktionshindrade människors liv över tid och om innebörden av att leva med funktionshinder under många år, att åldras och vara gammal är begränsad. Trots att Cerebral Pares (CP) är definierat som en icke progressiv hjärnskada som i första hand påverkar de motoriska funktionerna så uppstår sekundära svårigheter som förvärras över tid. Syftet med studien är att med hjälp av livsberättelser från vuxna med CP beskriva och analysera deras upplevelse av att bli äldre och hur de upplever att åldrandet påverkar deras bild av sig själv och deras livsvillkor. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ ansats och har en induktiv slutledningsform, som innebär att man utifrån olika observationer och undersökta fenomen leder till en generaliserad slutsats. Genomförandet av studien utgår från ett socialkonstruktionistiskt vetenskapligt perspektiv och en narrativ metod som grund för de kvalitativa intervjuarna. Mitt datainsamlande har bestått av 4 intervjuer med två olika intervjupersoner, med öppna frågor och följdfrågor. Resultatet visade på ett tidigare åldrande, än för personer utan funktionsnedsättning, som i sin tur resulterat i ett utanförskap ekonomiskt, hälsomässigt och arbetsmässigt. För intervjupersonen som tidigare hade klarat sig själv uppstod ett ökat hjälpbehov och minskad självständighet. Självbilden påverkas på olika sätt. För den ena intervjupersonen är funktionsnedsättningen en naturlig del av självbilden, och den andra intervjupersonen separerar på sig själv och funktionsnedsättningen beroende på den sociala kontexten. Det senaste kan vara svårare med stigande ålder då ålderssymptom förvärrar effekterna av funktionsnedsättningen.<br>The knowledge of disabled people's lives over time is limited. Cerebral Palsy (CP) is defined as a non-progressive brain damage which firstly affects the motor functions, it can also cause secondary difficulties which become worse with time. The aim of the study is to describe and analyze adults with CP, their experiences of getting older, the way they experience how aging affects their image of themselves and their living conditions by means of life stories. The study is based on a qualitative approach and an inductive logic, which means that based on different observations and investigated phenomena, a generalized conclusion is reached. The implementation of the study is based on a social constructionist perspective and a narrative method as the basis for the qualitative interviews. The data collection consisted of four interviews with two different interviewees, with open and follow-up questions. For the interviewee who had previously taken care of himself, an increased need for help and reduced independence occurred. Self-image is influenced differently. For one interviewee, disability is a natural part of his self-image, and the other interviewee separates himself and his disability depending on the social context. The later can be harder with increasing age as age symptoms aggravate the effects of disability.
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Naczyk, Marek P. "The financial industry and pension privatization in Europe : shareholder capitalism triumphant?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c867023b-1b9a-41c9-8e46-6d4ac835cc61.
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The thesis examines the political dynamics behind the contemporary trend towards pension privatization in Europe. Its aim is to develop a theoretical model that can explain not only why governments have increasingly replaced their public pay-as-you-go systems with private fully-funded schemes, but also why there is considerable diversity both in the extent and in the content of pension privatization. Private pension funds can indeed be governed by a variety of institutional arrangements and can have very different types of links with the financial system. They do not necessarily contribute to a financialization of the economy. The thesis takes issue with the idea that pension privatization would be primarily the result of a new pensions orthodoxy promoted by international organizations such as the World Bank or of an electoral strategy that consists in attracting the votes of the middle class. I argue that the driving force behind the more or less dramatic rise of funded pensions in Europe is a series of lobbying campaigns launched by the financial industry, and their varying influence. Financial firms have a vested interest in the development of a market in private pensions, which should profit them as an industry. However, pension reform is an issue that matters to voters and can therefore prove dangerous for party politicians. Moreover, it involves complex changes that directly affect key material interests of employers and workers. In this context, the success of financial firms’ campaign for pension privatization depends on their capacity to forge alliances with a variety of actors. This in turn contributes to limit the influence financiers can exert. The argument is tested using a comparative historical analysis of pension debates in the United Kingdom, France and Poland since the beginning of the 1980s.
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Lööv, Emma, and Ingela Sjöberg. "Demens och livskvalité : en kvalitativ studie." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Social Work, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-575.
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Park, Seung-Min. "An ageing population in a family and welfare state : the dynamics of family support and public pension systems, and their impact on late-life happiness in contemporary South Korea." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:041dae1e-8b4b-4ca6-9743-2a42b655e5bc.
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The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the dynamics of family support and public pension systems, and their impact on late-life happiness in contemporary South Korea. For this, three specific research questions, namely (1) the dynamics of intergenerational solidarity, public pension systems, and happiness; (2) the association between intergenerational solidarity and happiness; and (3) the association between public pension systems and happiness, are analysed by exploiting the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. The analyses show that (1) the structural solidarity of older people is relatively stronger than of middle-aged people; (2) contacting is the key player in associational solidarity in later life; (3) middle-aged people supply more financial aid to their adult children than they receive from them, but the reverse applies to older people. Both middle-aged and older people actively exchange food, household items, and health-care supplies; (4) more older men receive the National Pension Scheme benefit than older women but the reverse is true for the Basic Old-Age Pension benefit; (5) the level of happiness in later life is very high but decreases as people age; (6) the number of adult children, frequency of contact, and amount of financial support are positively associated with the happiness of older people; and (7) the National Pension Scheme is positively associated with the happiness of older men while the Basic Old-Age Pension is negatively associated with the happiness of older people. The results suggest some policy implications for late-life happiness in contemporary South Korea. At the individual level, increased frequency of contact, availability of the children, and the amount of financial support can enhance late-life happiness. At the governmental level, the research suggests that the gendered structure of the National Pension Scheme and means-tested structure of the Basic Old-Age Pension should be reformed.
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Waageová, Alena. "Systém managementu kvality dlouhodobé péče v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142303.
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The aim of this thesis is to analyze Long-Term Care in the Czech Republic, to design a Quality Management System for Long-Term Care, and to demonstrate its practical application in Gerontological Centre. A Quality Management Handbook for Long-Term Care represents an additional aim of this thesis; it is designed for Health and Social organizations having a similar spectrum of activities. This work relies on document analysis - available scientific studies on long-term care, and literature focused on quality management. A significant part of the text is supported by our own practical experience and is reinforced by consultations with experts in senior care. ISO systems, TQM approaches, Standards of social services, and National accreditation standards for subsequent and long-term care SAK ČR (United Accreditation Commission of Czech Republic) have been used as a starting point for the proposed Quality Management System. The proposed system has a broad scope, including resources, processes and outputs. The systems used in practice have some common parts; therefore the proposed model may be easily modified to accommodate the specific requirements of individual certification authorities.
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Kettner, Anneli, and Cecilie Klemetsen. "Leker lika bäst? : En studie om äldre hbt personers syn på ett hbt anpassat seniorboende." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Social Work, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-531.
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Hough, Christine Victoria. "Every child matters : a small scale enquiry into policy and practice." Thesis, University of Cumbria, 2010. http://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/3736/.
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1. This research study examines aspects of the effectiveness of the Every ChildlYouth Matters (ECMIYM) programme with regard to its implementation in 2006. Part 1 of the study explores the practical implications of ECM/YM for professional practice across the different welfare agencies, through a series of loosely structured interviews with managers, case workers and young offenders (aged up to 16 years). From an analysis of the data, using grounded theory approaches, three key findings were inducted. These findings suggested the following: I. A lack of consistency in the quality of targeted support provided by integrated services for the most vulnerable children and young people and their families; II. A lack of fine tuning in: a) the identification of vulnerability across different cohorts of children and young people, according to their changing circumstances; b) the ways in which information (about vulnerable children and young people) is shared and used across the different welfare agencies. 2. Reflection on these findings led to a further review of the literature that focuses on critiques of social policy. The analyses of research data within this domain suggest the limitations of social policy making that conforms to a linear, mechanistic approach, because it does not respond to individualised, local need. This suggests further that it is the policies themselves that account for the perceived lack of fine tuning identified in the above findings in part one of this research thesis. Therefore it was important, next, to capture data which drew on respondents' personal perceptions of welfare provision, which might endorse, or otherwise, those aspects in which part 1 of the study suggested that the ECM/YM agenda is failing, in some localities, to meet the needs of the most vulnerable children, young people and their families. 3. In part two of this study, further research was conducted through a series , of extended conversations with: male offenders (aged between 16 and 24 years); parents/partners of prisoners; managers from voluntary/not for profit organisations and senior multi-agency professionals. The data were analysed using a phenomenological approach. Overall, the findings suggest that a purely mechanistic, evidenced-based approach to providing welfare support for vulnerable children, young people and their families can result in negative outcomes when compared with a more contextualised, holistic approach.
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Stončikaitė, Ieva. "Discourses of female ageing in the works of Erica Jong." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458558.
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Amb l'objectiu d'entendre millor el complex fenomen de l'envelliment i la seva interpretació, i, en particular, d’analitzar la vivència de la vellesa femenina, aquesta tesi examina l'obra de l’Erica Jong des de la perspectiva dels estudis de l'envelliment. Mitjançant l'ús de la gerontologia literària com a marc específic d'aquest estudi, que integra també les teories feministes, la tesi ofereix una anàlisi longitudinal de les obres de l’autora, i examina l’evolució de la seva percepció de l'envelliment en les mateixes. Tot contradient la tendència dominant en la recepció de l'obra de Jong, que considera superficials molts dels seus llibres, aquesta tesi argumenta que els seus textos, i en particular, els escrits en la seva maduresa, donen veu a inquietuds professionals i personals que afecten a les dones de la seva generació. Al mateix temps, aquesta tesi mostra que moltes de les pors i les ansietats dels personatges de l’escriptora estan condicionades per contextos socioculturals i discursos dominants sobre la vellesa que poden ser superats amb el pas del temps. Les obres tardanes de Jong reflecteixen una sèrie de transformacions socials, polítiques i culturals, incloses les derivades del moviment feminista de segona ona, que representen especialment la generació nord-americana de postguerra.<br>Con el objetivo de comprender mejor el complejo fenómeno del envejecimiento y su interpretación, y, en particular, de analizar la vivencia del envejecimiento femenino, esta tesis examina la obra de Erica Jong desde la perspectiva de los estudios del envejecimiento. A partir del uso de la gerontología literaria como marco específico de este estudio, que integra también las teorías feministas, la tesis ofrece un análisis longitudinal de las obras de la autora, y examina la evolución de su percepción del envejecimiento en las mismas. Contradiciendo la tendencia dominante en la recepción de la obra de Jong, que considera superficiales muchos de sus libros, esta tesis argumenta que sus textos, y en particular, los escritos en su madurez, dan voz a inquietudes profesionales y personales que afectan a las mujeres de su generación. Al mismo tiempo, esta tesis muestra que muchos de los miedos y las ansiedades de los personajes de la escritora están condicionados por contextos socioculturales y discursos dominantes sobre el envejecimiento que pueden ser superados con el paso del tiempo. Las obras tardías de Jong reflejan una serie de transformaciones sociales, políticas y culturales, incluidas las que se derivan del movimiento feminista de segunda ola, que representan especialmente a la generación norteamericana de postguerra.<br>With the objective to better understand the complex dynamics of ageing, and of female ageing in particular, this thesis examines the oeuvre of Erica Jong from an age-studies perspective. By employing literary gerontology as the specific framework of this study, and by integrating a feminist perspective in it, this study offers a longitudinal analysis of her writings and examines the ways in which the writer’s perceptions of ageing have changed over time. Contradicting the dominant tendency in the reception of Jong’s work, which considers many of her fictional writings superficial, this dissertation argues that Jong’s middle and later works in particular address important professional and personal concerns that affect women of her generation. At the same time, it shows that many of her characters’ fears and anxieties are conditioned by sociocultural contexts and dominant discourses that can be contested and transcended in later life. Jong’s later writings serve as a corpus that demonstrates how women deal with social, political, and cultural transformations, including shifting feminist and age-related ideas in an anti-ageing-driven society.
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CASTELLO, PAOLA. "LAVORATRICI OVER 50 IN AZIENDA: ANALISI DEL LORO CAPITALE SOCIALE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/50314.
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L’invecchiamento della popolazione in atto, l’entrata in massa della donna nel mercato del lavoro, verificata negli ultimi anni, l’aumento delle aspettative di vita e l’allungamento dell’età pensionabile con la Riforma Fornero-Monti, contribuiscono al mutamento della morfologia della famiglia, dei contesti lavorativi e della società nel complesso rendendo palese l’esigenza di comprendere meglio le dinamiche che questi cambiamenti comportano. Nonostante l’invecchiamento delle lavoratrici rappresenti un cambiamento importante, non ci sono ancora molti studi che hanno analizzato questo fenomeno.
Il presente studio ha avuto l’obiettivo di comprendere e far luce sulle caratteristiche delle lavoratrici over 50, in particolar modo conoscere le peculiarità delle loro relazioni familiari/extra-lavorative e lavorative attraverso il concetto sociologico di Capitale sociale ritenuto di estrema importanza per comprendere il potenziale delle lavoratrici. La ricerca ha coinvolto, attraverso la compilazione di un questionario, 4962 lavoratrici tra i 50 e i 69 anni di 18 aziende associate a Valore D, su tutto il territorio italiano. Dallo studio emerge che le lavoratrici hanno ancora un buon livello di potenziale e che il CSF e CSL possono rivestire un ruolo importante come risorsa nella vita delle donne in questa fase di vita, ma anche per le aziende e la società stessa.<br>The aging of the population, the mass entry of women into the labor market, verified in recent years, the increase in life expectancy and the lengthening of the retirement age with the Fornero-Monti Reform, contributed to the change of the morphology of the family, of working contexts and of society as a whole, making clear the need to better understand the dynamics that these changes entail. Although the aging of female workers represents an important change, this phenomenon has not been analyzed yet.
The present study aims to understand and shed light on the characteristics of of workers over 50, especially to know the peculiarities of their family / extra-work and work relationships through the sociological concept of Social Capital considered of extreme importance to understand the potential of female workers. The research involved 4962 workers between 50 and 69 years of 18 companies associated with Valore D, throughout Italy, who completed a questionnaire.
The study shows that female workers still have a good level of potential and that the CSF and CSL can play an important important role as a resource for women in this phase of their life, but also for companies and society itself.
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Whatley, Janice Elizabeth. "Supporting student team project work : the Guardian Agent system." Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/2693/.
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The research presented in this thesis investigates student team working, by designing, implementing and evaluating a prototype software system, as an aid for co-located students carrying out their team project work. In higher education team projects are a good way for students to put theory into practice and gain experience of team working, by working collaboratively. But difficulties often arise during the projects, which prevent students from benefiting fully from the experience. Some difficulties are known to arise in organisational teams, and others are unique to student teams, but the getting started stage is crucial for developing team cohesion. Technology tools are used to support the task oriented roles of team working, but there is little support for students to get started on their team projects, and to develop a shared understanding. This prototype system provides a function for allocating tasks of the project to appropriate team members and a function to help the team to agree ground rules for team working. A case study approach was adopted for this research, and the prototype system was developed over three cycles, amending the system according to student feedback. At the end of the study, data obtained from the students was analysed to find out how useful the online support system was for helping the student teams to get started on their projects. The students in this case did benefit from the functions this system provided, in particular the team leaders used the output to help plan their projects, and output from the system contributed to team cohesion through developing a shared understanding between the team members. These students recognised the potential of the system for helping students working on team projects online, and gave suggestions for modifications to the system that could be incorporated in further development of the system.
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Lees, Hayley Diane. "Molecular mechanisms of premature ageing in a worm model of human Werner syndrome." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:080df619-828b-4248-b03f-c4aeb31f1672.
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Investigating the biological basis of ageing is both fascinating and medically relevant, as we strive to understand both how organisms age, and how our knowledge might be put to good use in an increasingly long-lived human population. Despite the complexity of ageing biology, it is very striking that longevity, in a wide variety of organisms, can be modified by manipulating single genes. In this thesis, I investigate phenotypes associated with mutations in C. elegans homologues of human WRN, the gene mutated in the progeroid Werner syndrome (WS). Mutant phenotypes in the worm recapitulate aspects of the pathophysiology observed in WS patients, including premature ageing, genomic instability, and sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. wrn-1 overexpression, on the other hand, appears to enhance longevity, suggesting that wrn-1 acts as a bona fide anti-gerontogene. The combination of wrn-1 mutations with mutation in the worm p53 homologue, cep-1, unexpectedly triggers a novel and very striking enhanced lifespan and healthspan phenotype, termed synthetic super-viability (SSV). The SSV phenotype is modulated by various environmental inputs such as temperature stress. The data presented here can be incorporated into a model in which stress sensing (involving p53) is the crucial determinant of longevity outcomes. Several theories of ageing incorporate the idea that 'that which does not kill us, makes us stronger' - encapsulated in a biological sense in the idea of hormesis, a physiological shift in response to stress. Here, this hypothesis is expanded to include the notion that intrinsic <strong>responses</strong> to stress may themselves act to limit lifespan - too much of a good thing can be bad.
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Rhea, Joseph Richard. "Balancing work and family responsibilities as an extension 4-H agent." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07072009-230114.
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Hernandez, Alexander Antonio. "Adapting to technological change in the workplace: An assessment of the effects of information and communication technology on older workers." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104077.
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Thesis advisor: John B. Williamson<br>While much has been written about the effects of information and communication technology (ICT) on the workplace, little research has focused specifically on its effect on older workers. Using Pierre Bourdieu's theories of "capital" as a frame, I investigate how older academic faculty, clergy, and government employees have been affected by the rapid technological changes that have occurred in the workplace over the past 25 years. I conducted 75 semi-structured interviews and discovered that older workers, while generally limited in their technological familiarity and competence when compared to their younger coworkers, do have a wealth of skills that make them invaluable as employees in the modern workplace. Through the use of their social connections and organizational knowledge, I found that older workers are able to successfully mitigate almost any lack of technological skill. Moreover, as the responsibilities of workers change, because of globalization and the automation of work, I contend that the skills of older workers will be able to successfully manage the transition<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Sociology
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Raattamaa, Tomas. "Essays on Delegated Search and Temporary Work Agencies." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124596.
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Paper [I] models a game, where two temporary work agencies (TWAs) compete to fill a vacancy at a client firm (CF). They simultaneously choose how much effort to expend, based on their expectation of how good their opponent’s best candidate will be. I then show that this will make the TWAs overconfident, as the rational way of judging your own probability of winning is not looking at the opponents expected best, but comparing how much effort your opponent will expend. Paper [II] examines the misaligned incentives in the temporary work agency sector, where we first look at pure recruiting contracts, that either require payment on delivery, or payment on some specified point in time. We then look at the incentives of recruit-and-rent contracts, where the worker is leased to the client firm. We assume that the better the worker, the higher the probability that the client firm is going to want to hire him/her. If that happens then the TWA will no longer get revenues from said worker, incentivizing the TWA to not always deliver the first match it finds, if it is too good. Lastly we look at how competition can dampen this perverse incentive. Paper [III] models the waiting behavior that can occur if a TWA is contracted to find a worker for a specific time far in the future; the TWA will postpone effort. This behavior is modeled for two types of TWAs; one that is rational and plans ahead, and another that does not plan ahead at all, but instead only looks at the immediate future. I find that the one that only looks at the immediate future starts exerting effort earlier than the planner. After looking at optimal contracts under perfect monitoring and hidden action I provide two extensions. I first show that for the principal to want to delegate search to a rational TWA, the agent has to be better than the CF, by some factor, as it has to make up in efficiency what the principal loses in moral hazard, when the agent waits longer than the principal would like it to. Lastly I prove that it is profit maximizing for the principal to contract one agent and give it a deadline earlier than when the principal would need the worker, and then replace that agent with a competitor if the first one has not succeeded by that earlier deadline. Paper [IV] estimates at the effect of family experience on relative transition probability into the temporary work agency sector. Using register data for all of Sweden we run a bias-reduced logistic regression, where we include various factors that affect the probability of young adults (aged 18-34) entering the sector. This paper ties in to the literature on occupational inheritance, as well as the literature on changing social norms. We find that having had a parent, sibling or partner in the TWA sector increases your probability of entering.
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Roberts, Jane. "Ethics Adherence as a Predictor of Age Bias in Social Work Practice with Older Adults." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30031.
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The purpose of this study was the examination of age bias in social work professionals
who have direct and influential contact with a growing segment of the population:
older adults. Those who work most closely with older people may be at risk for
age bias, although much of the research on age bias has been conducted with students
rather than with those who work with older people. This study adds to the research
on prejudice; the sources from which attitudes, values, prejudices, and stereotypical
thinking arise were addressed. Key experiences with older individuals were found
to predict age bias. Because social work ethical principles closely align with
conditions known to reduce prejudice, it was hypothesized that higher ethics adherence
would be associated with less age bias. Specific experiential factors were found
to influence prejudice toward older people. Influences from family beliefs and
from television and other media were associated with a non-biased attitude, as
were influences from caregiving to older people. These sources of one's values
and beliefs about older individuals were also found to predict the extent of one's
knowledge of aging processes. Although ethics adherence was not a predictor of
age bias, the discovery of the influence of family beliefs, media portrayals,
and caregiving experiences revealed a need for awareness of ageist beliefs in
a professional population that works extensively with older adults.<br>Ph. D.
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Broussard, Celia. "Mobilités locales des retraités désignés comme fragiles bénéficiant d'une aide de l'action sociale de la Cnav." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMLH09.
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Cette thèse de sociologie porte sur les mobilités locales des personnes retraitées bénéficiaires d’une aide de l’action sociale de la Cnav et de non-bénéficiaires. La mobilité locale, comprise dans cette thèse comme étant la réflexion sur le déplacement sa réalisation et les interactions sociales qui peuvent en découler, est indirectement promue par les politiques publiques du vieillissement au travers des messages de prévention qui prônent le « bien vieillir ». Les résultats montrent que les personnes bénéficiaires sont confrontées à une injonction contradictoire : elles doivent continuer à être mobiles pour correspondre au modèle du « bien vieillir » alors que ce sont les difficultés de mobilité qui leur permettent d’accéder à une aide institutionnelle. Des stratégies de mobilité sont élaborées avec des aides : formelles et informelles et de nouvelles formes de mobilité sont développées. Le vieillissement est une période propice à l’élaboration de nouvelles formes de mobilité. Le modèle du « bien vieillir » devrait être assoupli pour intégrer ces multiples formes de mobilité et d’adaptation à l’environnement de vie afin qu’une majorité de personnes vieillissantes puisse s’y identifier et intégrer plus aisément les messages de prévention<br>This PhD thesis in Sociology explores local mobility patterns of pensioners, comparing beneficiaries of social welfare from the “Caisse nationale d'assurance vieillesse” (France’s public institution in charge of managing pensions) and individuals who do not benefit from this financial support. Local mobility is understood in this context as a three-pronged process: from planning the trip to actually moving to the adjacent social interactions. This local mobility is being promoted, albeit indirectly, by public policies on ageing with awareness campaigns mostly revolving around the concept of "ageing well" (“bien-veillir”) through a healthy lifestyle.This research finds that welfare beneficiaries face a form of cognitive dissonance from the institutions: whilst pensioners’ adherence to the “ageing well” framework depends on remaining mobile, only mobility impairments unlock access to institutional support. Meanwhile, mobility strategies are being developed around both formal and informal support, and innovations arise that offer new forms of mobility. Ageing is indeed a life stage prone to exploring new mobility options. In order for the elderly to engage better with policies and public health campaigns, the "ageing well" framework would benefit from a more flexible approach to the new forms of mobility so as to truly adapt to pensioners’ built environment
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Ball, Elizabeth. "Ageism in Social Work Education| A Factor in the Shortage of Geriatric Social Workers." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10751740.
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<p> This study examined ageism in social work students, which potentially could influence their choice to work with older adults. A sample (<i> N</i> = 122) of students from six California State Universities completed an online survey. The Relating to Older People Evaluation (ROPE) measuring positive and negative ageist attitudes and behaviors was the primary measure. Three questions from the Crowne Marlow Social Desirability scale were also included. Findings did not show conclusively that ageism is a factor among social work students. However, only a small percentage of the participants indicated that their current program specialization is older adults. Additionally, only a small percentage of graduate students reported wanting to work with seniors after graduation. This is similar to data published by the Council for Social Work Education and demonstrates that a workforce gap remains. Few competent geriatric social workers for the growing numbers of older adults are available.</p><p>
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Kulik, Brian W. "Strategic action and executive behavior : an agent-based simulation." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2006/B_Kulik_091506.pdf.
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Crosson, Ashlee Taylor, and Kelsey Marie Goodwin. "PERCEPTIONS ON THE AGING POPULATION: DISPARITIES AMONG GRADUATE SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/896.
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Social workers are needed to meet the needs of the growing aging population. Yet, there is a shortage of social work students entering the field of gerontology as opposed to child welfare, school social work, or family services. The proposed study used a qualitative research design to explore why social work students are underrepresented in areas that serve older people. A sample of 58 graduate social work students from several universities in Southern California completed open-ended questions on a scale (N = 58). Thematic analysis of the data revealed four major factors that account for the underrepresentation of social work students in gerontology. These were: (a) lack of knowledge about gerontology, (b) misconceptions about the elderly populations, (c) lack of incentives, and (d) preference for other social work areas. These findings hold major implications for theory, research, policy, and social work education.
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Inker, Jennifer L. K. "Ageism Among Healthcare Professionals: The Influence of Personal Aging Anxiety, Job Role, and Work Setting on Attitudes Toward Older Patients." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5282.
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Older adults make up a significant and increasing proportion of the U.S. population and are frequent users of healthcare services. Ageism in healthcare, driven by an incomplete and narrowly biomedical perspective on aging, has been linked to various problematic outcomes for older patients, including under- and over-treatment. The purpose of this study was to use the theory of relational ageism to explore the relationship between personal aging anxiety among healthcare professionals and their attitudes to older patients, considering the potentially moderating factors of job role and work setting. Using convenience sampling, clinical healthcare professionals working for a mid-sized, regional healthcare system in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States were invited to participate in an online survey, resulting in a sample of N = 145. Independent variables in this study included the sociodemographic variables of gender, age,
race, ethnicity, level of education, formal geriatric or gerontological education, and years of expression, plus job role, work setting, and aging anxiety scores as measured by the Aging Anxiety Scale. The dependent variable was attitudes to older patients as measured by the Geriatric Attitudes Scale. Regression analysis findings suggest that while having formal geriatric or gerontological education was associated with more negative attitudes to older patients, other sociodemographic variables including gender, age, race, ethnicity, level of education, and years of experience were not predictive of attitudes to older patients. While physicians had more negative attitudes toward older patients than did nurses, therapists, and other types of clinicians, work setting was not predictive of attitudes toward older patients. Study findings also indicate that higher levels of personal aging anxiety of healthcare professionals were correlated with more negative attitudes to older patients. This study provides information that can inform diversity training for healthcare professionals in order to improve attitudes toward older patients and reduce age discrimination in healthcare. A key recommendation is the inclusion of an exploration of healthcare professionals’ internalized attitudes to aging in any diversity training in order to increase awareness that these internalized attitudes about aging may influence their attitudes to older patients.
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Watanabe, Toyohide. "Agent-oriented model for managing long-lived transaction, based on work-flow and task-graph." IEEE, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6933.
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Morton, Luise H. "Philosophical themes in works of Stanislaw Lem." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/424560.
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The purpose of this thesis was to examine two works of science fiction by the Polish writer and satirist, Stanislaw Lem, which exemplify two broad philosophical themes central to his writings; viz., cosmology and personhood. In "The New Cosmogony," Lem focuses on the central problem of the philosophy of scientific cosmology, namely, what kind of explanation is-applicable to that science. Lem synthesizes religious and scientific views of the creation of the universe in his model of the cosmos as a Game of Civilizations with advanced technologies. Central to this work is the philosophical notion of intentionality. In "The Mask," Lem raises questions about personhood, consciousness, freedom, determinism, and responsibility by embedding them in the autobiographical narrative of a conscious, female machine. Lem's views on cosmology and his views on personhood both involve intentionality - the intentions of civilizations, on the one hand, and the intentions of a King and of the machine he created, on the other. Both works challenge all preconceptions about philosophy through the use of paradox, irony, and sometimes ridicule. Lem provides no answers, however. He is interested in setting up futuristic technological situations that are capable of undermining our basic assumptions about the world.
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Josefsson, Linnea. "Kan man supa och ha hemtjänst? : Biståndshandläggares upplevelser av att möta äldre missbrukare." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-41492.
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Research has shown that the older population’s drinking habits are expanding. With this, alcohol-related diseases and injuries are prone to increase. This places demands on an elder care that has resources and knowledge on how to provide equitable welfare. The aim of this study was to examine social workers experience of working with older adults with an ongoing or suspected alcohol addiction. Interviews with 6 social workers were conducted. The interviews were based on a semi-structured model with open questions, where the main focus was on the informant’s own experience on the subject. The result shows that there is a lack of knowledge of how to deal with and identify alcohol addiction among the elderly population. There is also a lack of services that targets substance abuse among elderly. Social workers therefore must invent their own strategy to find suitable care alternatives within a bureaucratic system.
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Olsen, Linnéa. "Can Chatbot technologies answer work email needs? : A case study on work email needs in an accounting firm." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85013.
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Work email is one of the organisations most critical tool today. It`s have become a standard way to communicate internally and externally. It can also affect our well-being. Email overload has become a well-known issue for many people. With interviews, follow up interviews, and a workshop, three persons from an accounting firm prioritise pre-define emails needs. And identified several other email needs that were added to the priority list. A thematic analysis and summarizing of a Likert scale was conducted to identify underlying work email needs and work email needs that are not apparent. Three work email needs were selected and using scenario-based methods and the elements of PACT to investigating how the characteristics of a chatbot can help solve the identified work email overload issue? The result shows that email overload is percept different from individual to individual. The choice of how email is handled and email activities indicate how email overload feeling is experienced. The result shows a need to get a sense of the email content quickly, fast collect financial information and information from Swedish authorities, and repetitive, time-consuming tasks. Suggestions on how this problem can be solved have been put forward for many years, and how to use machine learning to help reduce email overload. However, many of these proposed solutions have not yet been implemented on a full scale. One conclusion may be that since email overload is not experienced in the same way, individuals have different needs - One solution does not fit all. With the help of the character of a chatbot, many problems can be solved. And with a technological character of a chatbot that can learn individuals' email patterns, suggest email task to the user and performing tasks to reducing the email overload perception. Using keyword for email intents to get a sense of the email content faster and produce quick links where to find information about the identified subject. And to work preventive give the user remainder and perform repetitive tasks on specific dates.