Academic literature on the topic 'Agency problem'

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Journal articles on the topic "Agency problem"

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Stróżyńska, Agnieszka. "The use of derivatives and agency problem." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Finanse, Rynki Finansowe, Ubezpieczenia 2015, no. 74/1 (April 30, 2015): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/frfu.2015.74/1-49.

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Halpern, Philip. "ERISA and the Agency Problem." Journal of Investing 2, no. 3 (August 31, 1993): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/joi.2.3.7.

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Berkich, Don. "The Problem of Original Agency." Southwest Philosophy Review 33, no. 1 (2017): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/swphilreview20173318.

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Wall, Edmund. "The Problem of Group Agency." Philosophical Forum 31, no. 2 (June 2000): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0031-806x.00035.

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Tyson, Scott A. "The Agency Problem Underlying Repression." Journal of Politics 80, no. 4 (October 2018): 1297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/698887.

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Aguilar Grieder, Hilda. "Problemas de ley aplicable en el marco de un contrato internacional de agencia comercial: comentario a la sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona (Sección 11ª) de 3 de julio de 2019 = Law applicable problems in the frame of international agency agreements: comments about the judgement issued by the Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona on 3 July 2019." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 12, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2020.5196.

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Resumen: El presente trabajo estudia un problema de Derecho aplicable susceptible de plantearse en el marco de los contratos internacionales de agencia comercial.Palabras clave: Unión Europea, Derecho internacional privado, Derecho aplicable, contratos internacionales de agencia comercial.Abstract: This study analyses a law applicable problem which arises in the frame of some international agency agreements.Keywords: European Union, Private International Law, Law applicable, international agency agreements.
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Otáhal, Tomáš. "The Agency Problem in New Institutional Economics." Politická ekonomie 57, no. 5 (October 1, 2009): 677–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/j.polek.704.

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Aguilar Grieder, Hilda. "Sumisión de las partes a los tribunales belgas en el marco de un contrato internacional de agencia comercial: comentario a la sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona (Sección 1ª) de 21 de diciembre de 2018 = Submission of the parts to the Belgien tribunals about the international agency agreements: comments about the judgement issued by the Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona on 21 December 2018." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2019.4966.

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Resumen: El presente estudio analiza un problema frecuente de competencial judicial internacio­nal que se plantea en el marco de los contratos internacionales de agencia comercial.Palabras clave: Unión Europea, Derecho Internacional Privado, competencia judicial internacio­nal, sumisión expresa, contratos internacionales de agencia comercial.Abstract: This study analyses an international jurisdiction problem which arises frecuently in the frame of international agency agreements.Keywords: European Union, Private International Law, international jurisdiction, jurisdiction clauses, international agency agreements.
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SA’DIYAH, MAHMUDATUS, and NURUL HUDA. "STRATEGI PENANGANAN AGENCY PROBLEM PADA PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH DI BMT." JEBI (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam) 3, no. 2 (December 3, 2018): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/jebi.v3i2.176.

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Mudharabah financing is demanded by the transparency of both parties. If one of the parties, especially customers, does not transparently communicate matters related to yield, adverse selection activities can occur and moral hazard is an asymmetric information problem that causes agency problems. Agency problems in mudharabah financing need to be sought to solve the problem so that the owners of capital (shahibul mal / principal) and business actors (mudarib / agents) both benefit in fostering and capturing business partners. This study aims to 1) find out the agency problem that arises in the mudharabah financing scheme in BMT in Jepara Regency, 2) find an effective solution strategy from agency problems in mudharabah financing in BMT in Jepara Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection with interviews, observations and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data displays and conclusion drawing/verification. Agency The problem that arises in the financing of Mudharobah in the Jepara Regency BMT is that it comes from BMT as an agency, that is, it has not fully utilized management, besides that it is caused by moral standards, financing aspects, technical aspects, and efficiency issues. Effective problem solving strategies of agency problems in Mudharobah financing in BMT in Jepara Regency are project screening, screening mudhorib, compliance with shahibul maal and mundharib on sharia rules in mudaraba contracts.
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Geiler, Philipp, and Luc Renneboog. "Managerial Compensation: Agency Solution or Problem?" Journal of Corporate Law Studies 11, no. 1 (April 2011): 99–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/147359711795344136.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agency problem"

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Trzeciakiewicz, Agnieszka. "Essays on information asymmetry, agency problem, and corporate actions." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10593.

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This study investigates the implications of the asymmetric information between managers and shareholders and the resulting costly agency problems. In doing so, it focuses on the heterogeneity of executive directors with respect to their trading behaviour and personal characteristics, and the corporate governance mechanisms which can help lessen the adverse effects of the manager-shareholder agency conflicts. The study recognises that executive directors cannot be treated as a homogenous group and their incentives and the ability to impact decisions differ significantly. Two top executive directors are considered throughout this study, namely Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and Chief Finance Officers (CFOs). In this study, we address several important research questions. First, we consider whether executive directors have an informational advantage over outsiders. Second, we address if the heterogeneity of directors with respect to their role in the company and personal characteristics matters. Third, we examine whether internal corporate governance mechanisms play a significant role in moderating the manager-shareholder agency problem. Last but not least, we investigate if the nature of the interactions between asymmetric information, agency issues and corporate governance change during and after the global financial crisis of 2007-08. In carrying out our empirical analysis, we employ a unique dataset on the UK nonfinancial firms during the sample period 2000 to 2010. The detailed information about the corporate governance structure of firms and the personal characteristics of CEOs and CFOs enable us to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the research questions outlined above for three distinct periods, namely the pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis periods. Our analysis shows that the position that directors hold in the company and their characteristics can help explain the subsequent market-adjusted returns on insider trading. We find that the returns to insider purchase transactions are generally positive. However, they are weaker in the longer term, possibly suggesting that the informative content of director trades is less significant than it is perceived by the market. The main finding of our analysis in relation to the link between insider trading and the probability of bankruptcy is that insider trading increases the predictive power of insolvency models. This study also reports that CEOs exert a greater influence on the leverage decision than CFOs in firms that seem to operate under their optimal leverage. However, we observe that the CFO’s characteristics become more significant in determining leverage after the recent financial crisis. Overall, the analysis of this study provides strong evidence for the view that the presence of asymmetric information between insiders and outsiders and the costly manager-shareholder agency conflict are central to our understanding of the corporate finance decision making process and its consequences. However, more importantly, the findings of this study provide a relatively new notion that considering the heterogeneity of top executive directors in the empirical analysis of corporate decisions is essential, especially in exploring modern corporations.
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Holcomb, Nathan A. "The free will problem : from source to solution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289023.

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Cargnello, Davide P. "The Problem of Agency and the concept of Action An Essay on Ethics and Agency in German Idealism." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503953.

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Chen, Xuanjuan. "Three essays on stock selection ability and agency problem of mutual funds /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3186899.

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Beaudoin, Cathy A. Agoglia Chris Tsakumis George T. "Earnings management : the role of the agency problem and corporate social responsibility /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2805.

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Hausknost, Daniel. "The limits to change : liberal democracy and the problem of political agency." Thesis, Keele University, 2011. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3832/.

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This thesis explores the limits to purposive change in liberal democracies. Its aim is to provide new analytical tools and concepts to understand better the basis of liberal democracy’s legitimacy, the mechanisms and limitations of political agency at work in it, and the ways in which societal change is delimited and channelled in what is today the most dominant form of political order. The thesis contains three conceptual innovations. The first concerns the nature of liberal democracy, which is shown to involve an ‘epistemic’ dimension of legitimacy on which the system’s stability relies. This explanatory account of legitimacy argues that in a modern democracy the paradoxical relation of the people to itself as both ruler and ruled can only be stabilised when both sides of the equation refer to the same ‘independent’ reality – a reality that has to be generated outside their precarious relationship and hence (for example) in the capitalist market economy. The second innovation regards an analytical distinction between three fundamental ‘modes’ of political agency – decision, choice and solution – whose deployment is strictly controlled by the systemic requirements of ‘epistemic legitimacy’. The result is shown to be an ‘agentic deadlock’ in liberal democracy, which inhibits purposive societal change. The third innovation concerns the very idea of ‘change’ itself. Based on Wittgenstein’s notion of grammar a concept of transformation is developed, which allows us to account for the subtle and long-term changes in the discursive structure of liberal-democratic societies. After comparing these conceptual innovations with the dominant aggregative, deliberative and radical approaches to democratic theory, the thesis concludes with a suggestion for an institutional innovation that might help break the agentic deadlock in liberal democracy.
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Carson, Siri Granum. "The Fact of Reason : A linguistic-pragmatic approach to the Free Agency Problem." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Filosofisk institutt, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-5181.

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Luo, Haowen. "Is 100 Percent Debt Optimal? Three Essays on Aggressive Capital Structure and Myth of Negative Book Equity Firms." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862869/.

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This dissertation comprises of three related essays in regard of puzzling negative book equity phenomenon among U.S. public firms. In essay 1, I present the evidence that there is an increasing trend of negative book equity firms over the past 50 years, from 0.3% up to over 5% among publicly traded firms in US. In contrast to previous research which generally classify these firms as distressed firms with highly likelihood of bankruptcy, I propose a new method to separate Healthy Negative Book Equity Firms (HNBEF) from relatively more distressed negative book equity firms. The results show that HNBEF have much higher net income and interest coverage ratio, they survive longer, and pay more dividends. More interestingly, these firms are often actively increase share repurchases and debt issuance. These facts, combined with their strong profitability, indicate that managers of these firms are actively increasing their leverage and choose to be negative book equity firms. To explain the existence of HNBEF, in essay 2, I investigate several possible reasons that may contribute to the extreme leverage of these firms. I find that HNBEF are substantially undervalued by their book assets as stated on the balance sheet. In addition, the value of intangible assets, especially those off-balance sheet intangible assets, is positively related to the probability of becoming HNBEF. Moreover, I find that characteristics of intangible assets and firms also play important role on existence of HNBEF. Specifically, I find that both liquidity and redeployability of intangible assets are positively related with the probability of becoming HNBEF. Also, firms associated with closer borrower-lender relationship are more likely to become HNBEF. To investigate if the aggressive capital structure adopted by HNBEF is optimal, in essay 3, I performed several tests to analyze how these firms differ from other firms in terms of operating performance, corporate governance and firm value. My research finds that compared to firms from same industry and with similar size, managers of HNBEF invest more heavily in their own firms, and HNBEF have better corporate governance. In addition, HNBEF are associated with better operating performance and higher value.
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Sarenfält, Elin, and Palmqvist Anneli Larsson. "Skatteverket : Praktiska problem i kontrollerna av företag." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-25270.

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Uppsatsen avser att undersöka hur Skatteverkets kontroller av företagare går till praktiskt. Utifrån detta ska uppsatsen utreda vilka problem som finns i det praktiska arbetet som Skatteverket gör i de olika kontrollformerna. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ metod vilken valts för att få en djupare förståelse för studieämnet. Det empiriska materialet till studien har samlats in med hjälp av intervjuer med sammanlagt fem handläggare på Skatteverket. Material till den teoretiska referensramen har inhämtats från relevant litteratur och sökningar i databaser. Studien har kommit fram till att det finns problem i det praktiska arbetet med skattekontroll, som exempelvis svårighet att få in bokföring och att få svar på förfrågningar. De problem som framkommit i studien har en koppling till Skatteverkets bemötande av företagen samt företagarens beteende. Sambandet mellan bemötande och beteende har i studien analyserats med hjälp av en modell.
The paper aims to investigate how the Tax Agency inspect business owners. Based on this, the essay will examine the problems involved in the practical work with various forms of control. The study is based on a qualitative approach which was chosen in order to gain a deeper understanding of the study subject. The empirical data for the study were collected through interviews with a total of five officers at the Tax Agency. Material for the theoretical framework has been obtained through database  searches and literature. The study has concluded that there are problems in the practical work of the tax Agency, such as the difficulty to get accounts, and to obtain answers to queries. The problems identified in the study are connected to how the Tax Agency treat companies and also to corporate behavior. The relationship between attitude and behavior in the study were analyzed using amodel.
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Condon, James Joseph. "Playing with lives theatricality, self-staging, and the problem of agency in Renaissance English revenge tragedy /." Diss., [Riverside, Calif.] : University of California, Riverside, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1957417671&SrchMode=2&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1269383638&clientId=48051.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.
Includes abstract. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 23, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-202). Also issued in print.
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Books on the topic "Agency problem"

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Thompson, R. S. Equity ratchets and the agency problem. Nottingham: University of Nottingham, Centre for Management Buy-Out Research, 1989.

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Casson, Mark. Corporate culture and the agency problem. Reading: University of Reading, Department of Economics, 1991.

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Bebchuk, Lucian A. Executive compensation as an agency problem. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Hunziker, Silvia. Das Prinzipal-Agent-Problem im schweizerischen Vertragsrecht: Informationsasymmetrien und Verhaltenssteuerung. Zürich: Schulthess, 2007.

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Casson, Mark. Private trade and the agency problem: An alternative approach. Reading, England: University of Reading, Dept. of Economics, 1995.

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Hyman, Gerald F. A cabinet-level development agency: Right problem, wrong solution. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2008.

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Lee, Kuen. Property rights and the agency problem in Chinas enterprise reform. Aberdeen: University of Aberdeen. Department ofEconomics, 1992.

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Brown, Richard. Does EVA provide the solution to the problem of agency? Leicester: De Montfort University, 1998.

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Conflict policy and advertising agency-client relations: The problem of competing clients sharing a common agency. Hanover, MA: Now Publishers, 2012.

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Bierlich, Bernhard. The problem of money: African agency and Western medicine in northern Ghana. New York: Berghahn Books, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agency problem"

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Swanepoel, Danielle. "Does Artificial Intelligence Have Agency?" In The Mind-Technology Problem, 83–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72644-7_4.

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Hofweber, Thomas. "Contextualism and the Meaning-Intention Problem." In Cognition, Agency and Rationality, 93–104. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1070-1_6.

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Guilfoyle, Michael. "The Problem: Constitution versus Agency." In The Person in Narrative Therapy, 8–15. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137380555_2.

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Guy, Jean-Sébastien. "Structure and Agency: Problem and Solution." In Theory Beyond Structure and Agency, 25–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18983-9_2.

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Drescher, Frederik. "Insolvency Timing as an Agency Problem." In Insolvency Timing and Managerial Decision-Making, 9–22. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-02819-0_2.

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Magessi, Nuno Trindade, and Luis Antunes. "Multi-agency Problem in Financial Markets." In Multi-Agent Based Simulation XVIII, 170–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91587-6_12.

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Pepper, Alexander. "Executive Pay as a Collective Action Problem." In Agency Theory and Executive Pay, 77–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99969-2_4.

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Swoboda, Peter. "The Liquidation Decision as a Principal Agent Problem." In Agency Theory, Information, and Incentives, 167–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75060-1_10.

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Pedersen, Hans. "Kierkegaard and the Problem of Ironic Agency." In Horizons of Authenticity in Phenomenology, Existentialism, and Moral Psychology, 295–309. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9442-8_18.

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Tietjens Meyers, Diana. "Surviving Evils and the Problem of Agency." In Criticism and Compassion, 153–69. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119463030.ch10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Agency problem"

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Manna, Riya, and Rajakishore Nath. "The Problem Of Moral Agency In Artificial Intelligence." In 2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/21cw48944.2021.9532549.

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Baca, Melanie. "Building Civic Agency Through Problem-Based Enhanced Language Learning." In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1444183.

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Hao, Gengli. "Research on the Agency Problem, Corporate Governance and Firm Value." In 2022 7th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220307.475.

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Herzig, Andreas, Emiliano Lorini, and Elise Perrotin. "A Computationally Grounded Logic of 'Seeing-to-it-that'." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/367.

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We introduce a simple model of agency that is based on the concepts of control and attempt. Both relate agents and propositional variables. Moreover, they can be nested: an agent i may control whether another agent j controls a propositional variable p; i may control whether j attempts to change p; i may attempt to change whether j controls p; i may attempt to change whether j attempts to change p; and so on. In this framework we define several modal operators of time and agency: the LTL operators on the one hand, and the Chellas and the deliberative stit operator on the other. While in the standard stit framework the model checking problem is unfeasible because its models are infinite, in our framework models are represented in a finite and compact way: they are grounded on the primitive concepts of control and attempt. This makes model checking practically feasible. We prove its PSPACE-completeness and we show how the concept of social influence can be captured.
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"A pragmatic approach to the problem of moral agency for robot ethics." In Fourth International Conference on Robot Ethics and Standards. CLAWAR Association Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.13180/icres.2019.29-30.07.020.

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Banshchikova, Tatiana. "Cross-cultural approach in the system methodological approaches to research of the problem of mental regulation." In Personal resourse of human agency at work in changing Russia. ScientificWorld, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30888/978-5-6041451-4-2.1.5.

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Farkas, Gergely. "AGENT-PRINCIPAL PROBLEM, STEWARDSHIP THEORY AND BEHAVIOURAL AGENCY MODEL IN THE EXPLANATION OF FAMILY BUSINESS PERFORMANCE." In DOKBAT 2016. Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Faculty of Management and Economics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7441/dokbat.2016.14.

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Antopolskaya, T. A., and A. S. Silakov. "The formation of the socio-moral component of the personal agency of a teenager in the environment of additional education." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.27.39.

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The article reveals the problem of formation of the socio-moral component of the personal agency of a teenager in the environment of additional education. It considers the theoretical aspects of this problem. The attention is paid to the understanding of personal agency, its connection with the conditions of the social environment during the teen years. The component structure of personal agency is given. The article also describes the methods and results of the study of the socio-moral component of the personal agency of adolescents. It deals with the controversial issues of the formation of the individual components of personal agency: social responsibility and moral-axiological attitude to the subjects of the social environment. The attention of the reader is drawn to the potential of a socially enriched environment of additional education for the formation of the personal agency of modern adolescents.
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Davis, Kara E., and Jeneva P. Wright. "Implementing Innovation: Partnerships and Problem-Solving in the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/29388-ms.

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Sivagnanam, Amutheezan, Salah Uddin Kadir, Ayan Mukhopadhyay, Philip Pugliese, Abhishek Dubey, Samitha Samaranayake, and Aron Laszka. "Offline Vehicle Routing Problem with Online Bookings: A Novel Problem Formulation with Applications to Paratransit." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/546.

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Vehicle routing problems (VRPs) can be divided into two major categories: offline VRPs, which consider a given set of trip requests to be served, and online VRPs, which consider requests as they arrive in real-time. Based on discussions with public transit agencies, we identify a real-world problem that is not addressed by existing formulations: booking trips with flexible pickup windows (e.g., 3 hours) in advance (e.g., the day before) and confirming tight pickup windows (e.g., 30 minutes) at the time of booking. Such a service model is often required in paratransit service settings, where passengers typically book trips for the next day over the phone. To address this gap between offline and online problems, we introduce a novel formulation, the offline vehicle routing problem with online bookings. This problem is very challenging computationally since it faces the complexity of considering large sets of requests—similar to offline VRPs—but must abide by strict constraints on running time—similar to online VRPs. To solve this problem, we propose a novel computational approach, which combines an anytime algorithm with a learning-based policy for real-time decisions. Based on a paratransit dataset obtained from the public transit agency of Chattanooga, TN, we demonstrate that our novel formulation and computational approach lead to significantly better outcomes in this setting than existing algorithms.
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Reports on the topic "Agency problem"

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Bebchuk, Lucian Arye, and Jesse Fried. Executive Compensation as an Agency Problem. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9813.

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Thornett, Richard G. File Conversion and Transfer from a Lanier No Problem Word Processor to a Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Distributed Minicomputer System (DMINS). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199551.

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Morck, Randall. Generalized Agency Problems. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15051.

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4

Carrasco, Alex, and David Florián Hoyle. External Shocks and FX Intervention Policy in Emerging Economies. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003457.

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This paper discusses the role of sterilized foreign exchange (FX) interventions as a monetary policy instrument for emerging market economies in response to external shocks. We develop a model for a commodity-exporting small open economy in which FX intervention is considered as a balance sheet policy induced by a financial friction in the form of an agency problem between banks and their creditors. The severity of banks agency problem depends directly on a bank-level measure of currency mismatch. Endogenous deviations from the standard UIP condition arise at equilibrium. In this context, FX interventions moderate the response of financial and macroeconomic variables to external shocks by leaning against the wind with respect to real exchange rate pressures. Our quantitative results indicate that, conditional on external shocks, the FX intervention policy successfully reduces credit, investment, and output volatility, along with substantial welfare gains when compared to a free-floating exchange rate regime. Finally, we explore distinct generalizations of the model that eliminate the presence of endogenous UIP deviations. In those cases, FX intervention operations are considerably less effective for the aggregate equilibrium.
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Prendergast, Canice. Consumers and Agency Problems. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8445.

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6

Latzman, Natasha E., Cecilia Casanueva, and Melissa Dolan. Defining and understanding the Scope of Child Sexual Abuse: Challenges and Opportunities. RTI Press, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0044.1711.

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The enormous individual, familial, and societal burden of child sexual abuse has underscored the need to address the problem from a public health framework. Much work remains, however, at the first step of this framework — defining and understanding the scope of the problem, or establishing incidence and prevalence estimates. In this occasional paper, we provide an overview of the ways researchers have defined and estimated the scope of child sexual abuse, focusing on agency tabulations and large-scale surveys conducted over the last several decades. More precise estimates of the number of children affected by child sexual abuse would improve the ability of the public health, child welfare, pediatrics, and other communities to prevent and respond to the problem. We recommend using a comprehensive surveillance system to assess and track the scope of child sexual abuse. This system should be grounded by common definitional elements and draw from multiple indicators and sources to estimate the prevalence of a range of sexually abusive experiences.
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Edlin, Aaron, and Benjamin Hermalin. Contract Renegotiation in Agency Problems. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6086.

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8

Morck, Randall, and Bernard Yeung. Agency Problems and the Fate of Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16490.

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9

Lee, Jongsub, Junho Oh, and David Yermack. Credit Default Swaps, Agency Problems, and Management Incentives. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24064.

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Porta, Rafael La, Florencio Lopez-de-Silane, Andrei Shleifer, and Robert Vishny. Agency Problems and Dividend Policies Around the World. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6594.

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