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Journal articles on the topic 'Agentové modely'
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1
Karczewski, Maciej. "Symulacje komputerowe modeli wieloagentowych (ABM) jako narzędzie badawcze w naukach społecznych." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 1 (April 2, 2019): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2019.24.1.8.
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Artykuł stanowi podsumowanie badań prowadzonych przez autora w zakresie praktycznego wykorzystania technik symulacji komputerowych w odniesieniu do problematyki nauk społecznych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem politologii oraz socjologii. Głównym przedmiotem badań były wielo- agentowe modele symulacyjne (ABM - Agent-Based Models), które znalazły jak dotąd najszersze zastosowanie na gruncie nauk społecznych. Przytoczone przykłady modeli wieloagentowych (model segregacji przestrzennej Schellinga oraz model ewolucji postaw etnocentrycznych Axelroda-Hammonda) oparte zostały na autorskich implementacjach napisanych w języku Python 3.6. Wykorzystano to narzędzie, w celu bezpośredniej weryfikacji ustaleń poczynionych przez cytowanych autorów, a także dokładnego przedstawienia zastosowanej przez nich metodologii. Ujęta w pracy dyskusja obejmuje kwestie związane z prawdziwością modeli symulacyjnych, a co za tym idzie zasadnością ich użycia w celach naukowych.
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Liu, Feng-hsi. "The bei passive and its discourse motivations." Chinese Language and Discourse 2, no. 2 (December 21, 2011): 198–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cld.2.2.03liu.
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This study examines the variation between the active and the bei passive in Mandarin Chinese from a probabilistic perspective. The variables considered include discourse continuity factors and adversity. Two different models were built for the active-agentless passive variation and the active-agentive passive variation. Four factors were found to have significant effect: agent thematicity, patient thematicity, adversity, and referential distance. In contrast, the effect of topic persistence and local environment is not significant. The accuracy of prediction for the active-agentless passive variation is significantly higher than the accuracy for the active-agentive passive variation. Overall, the bei passive, either agentless or agentive, is more likely to be chosen over its active counterpart, if it is adversative, has a non-thematic agent, a thematic patient, and a shorter referential distance for the patient.
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Verhoeven, Elisabeth. "Scales or features in verb meaning?" Current trends in analyzing syntactic variation 31 (December 31, 2017): 165–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00007.ver.
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Abstract Several syntactic properties of verbal heads are accounted for through their semantic properties. Verbal features such as agentivity, volitionality, stativity etc. have been proven a useful tool for predicting several aspects of their syntactic behavior such as passivization, auxiliary selection etc. In the context of the empirical turn in current linguistics, the assumption of discrete features is questioned by studies based on corpora or speakers’ intuitions showing that the diagnostics of semantic features involve gradience. These findings are challenging for grammatical theory: are we justified to assume the existence of discrete verb classes or do the established properties indicate scalar dimensions of meaning? Based on two empirical studies – an acceptability study and a corpus study – the present article examines the role of agentivity in distinguishing verb classes and in predicting the syntactic behavior of verbs in German. Acceptability data show that the diagnostics of agentivity involve gradience, which cannot be reduced to random sources of variation. However, a comparison of scalar vs. categorical models of agentivity based on these diagnostics reveals that the syntactic variation in word order found in written corpus data is best accounted for through a model that assumes a binary division into a ±agentive and a non-agentive verb class.
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Bassani, Indaiá de Santana. "(Des)construindo relações entre agentividade, causa e morfologia em verbos de mudança de estado do português brasileiro." DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada 34, no. 2 (June 2018): 577–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-445005726459183828.
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RESUMO: Este artigo propõe a classificação empírica e análise de 136 verbos de mudança de estado em seis tipos de eventos (Incoativo, Causativo, Causativo subespecificado para [ag], Totalmente subespecificado, Causativo agentivo estrito e Causativo estrito com voice) com base em seus comportamentos frente a testes de formação de sentença transitiva com agente, transitiva com causa, intransitiva e passiva. A partir dessa classificação, propomos uma análise de decomposição sintática do evento que atenta, ao mesmo tempo, para a tipologia semântica da raiz e para a morfologia verbal e suas possíveis relações com o argumento externo. Para tal, utilizamos como base teórica o modelo da Morfologia Distribuída.
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Iliopoulos, Antonis. "Early body ornamentation as Ego-culture: Tracing the co-evolution of aesthetic ideals and cultural identity." Semiotica 2020, no. 232 (February 25, 2020): 187–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2019-0073.
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AbstractWhile the “symbolic” meaning of early body ornamentation has received the lion’s share of attention in the debate on human origins, this paper sets out to explore their aesthetic and agentive dimensions, for the purpose of explaining how various ornamental forms would have led interacting groups to form a cultural identity of their own. To this end, semiotics is integrated with a new paradigm in the archaeology of mind, known as the theory of material engagement. Bridging specifically Peirce’s pragmatic theory and Malafouris’ enactive take on aesthetics allows us to appreciate the formation of aesthetic ideals through the agentive effects of material signs. It is thus proposed that, by attending to the interrelation between form, effect, and affect, members of social groups would have come to appreciate the ways in which their ornamental culture resembles and differs from that of neighbouring groups. Following the Lund conception of cultural semiotics, I argue that models of Ego-culture would have come to evolve along Alter-cultures that also employ ornaments, and against Alius-cultures that have yet to develop or adopt personal decoration. The aesthetic ideals associated with early body ornaments must have therefore played a catalytic role in the formation and communication of group membership. I thus close by proposing that the origins of new cultural identities can be explained by tracing the co-development of ideas and ideals.
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Oliveira, Maria do Carmo Leite de, and Rony Caminiti Ron-Rén Junior. "Agência e discricionariedade na prática policial." Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada 17, no. 4 (August 28, 2017): 759–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-6398201711398.
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RESUMO O interesse na relação indivíduo-sociedade é marcado na teoria social pela diversidade na compreensão do papel da agência na ação humana. Neste trabalho, revisitamos a questão da agência em uma perspectiva aplicada. Pretende-se examinar a agência na prática policial a partir da análise do discurso meta-agentivo que emerge em uma narrativa de desacato produzida espontaneamente por um policial durante uma entrevista de pesquisa. Com base na análise, foi possível verificar que: (i) apesar da gama de escolhas possíveis de ação circunscritas pela lei e pelos contextos situados, costuma-se aplicar uma única rota de ação a todas as situações avaliadas como desacato; (ii) há um novo modelo de policial cujo caráter reflexivo e crítico se alinha ao modelo de proximidade que se vem tentando implementar nas políticas de segurança pública no Rio de Janeiro.
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Abtahian, Maya Ravindranath. "Style, identity and language shift." Language Ecology 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/le.00007.abt.
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Abstract This study is an examination of style-shifting in the speech of a single interviewer conducting sociolinguistic interviews in Garifuna (Arawak), an endangered language spoken in Belize and along the eastern coast of Central America. It provides a case study of intraspeaker variation in the context of language shift, exploring how the models and principles of intraspeaker variation hold in the social context of language shift scenarios, and framing language shift scenarios as particular contexts of performativity where cultural identity is highlighted. The focus of the paper is on the agentive use of a single phonetic variable in Garifuna as employed by the individual across speech events, as an example of how a linguistic form may become iconized in the context of language shift.
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DYCHES, JEANNE. "Critical Canon Pedagogy: Applying Disciplinary Inquiry to Cultivate Canonical Critical Consciousness." Harvard Educational Review 88, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 538–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/1943-5045-88.4.538.
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In this article, Jeanne Dyches investigates the ways in which inquiry models of instruction have failed to provide students with a space in which to grapple with discipline-specific histories and hegemonies. Accordingly, this study offers critical canon pedagogy (CCP) to help students problematize and disrupt the practices specific to a discipline. Drawing from critical curriculum theory and critical Whiteness studies, Dyches details the experiences of high school students who participated in a CCP unit that investigated the disciplinary practices that have marked the teaching of canonical British literature in secondary English classrooms. Dyches shows how the unit provided students with an opportunity to restory their entirely White curriculum and, in doing so, reconsider and resist the traditional narratives and voices of the canon, develop an increased sense of canonical critical consciousness, and demonstrate a sense of discipline-specific agentive identity.
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Slotta, James. "The perlocutionary is political: Listening as self-determination in a Papua New Guinean polity." Language in Society 44, no. 4 (August 24, 2015): 525–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404515000421.
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AbstractJ. L. Austin's influential dissection of speech acts into locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts has given rise to much scholarly attention to illocutionary acts and forces. While the perlocutionary facet of speech acts has gone largely undiscussed by philosophers and linguists, folk theories of language often attend closely to the relation between speech and its consequences. In this article, I discuss one conception of perlocutions prominent in Yopno speaking communities in Papua New Guinea that emphasizes the agentive role of listeners in mediating between speech and its outcome. This cultural conception of perlocutions, I argue, is tied to a political sensibility that stresses the self-determination and equality of adult men. The article shows how cultural conceptions of perlocutions provide insight into political values and practices, and how political concerns inform folk models of perlocutions. (Perlocutions, politics, fashions of speaking, language ideology, Melanesia, Papua New Guinea)*
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McGregor, Simon. "The Bayesian stance: Equations for ‘as-if’ sensorimotor agency." Adaptive Behavior 25, no. 2 (March 28, 2017): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712317700501.
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The verb ‘to do’ plays a vital part in our understanding of the world, and it goes hand-in-hand with words such as active, action and agent. But the physical sciences describe only mechanical happenings, not acts. Their theoretical language is, in essence, a strict mathematical formalism applied to the description of variables (usually quantitative ones) that can – at least in principle – be measured by mechanical instruments. In such a language, what is the definition of an agent? Of an act? In contrast to previous approaches, which attempt to discriminate between agent and non-agent systems, we pursue a more Dennettian approach that attempts only to characterise the explanatory logic of intentional (agentive) interpretations of a physical system; we wish to do so purely in terms of the formal relations that hold between variables in a dynamical system or stochastic process. Our approach is straightforward: we use Pearl’s causal formalism to identify physical variables at the causal boundary between ‘agent’ and ‘environment’, and identify these with variables in Bayesian decision theory; this provides a rigorous bridge between mathematical models of physics and mathematical models of rational decision-making.
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Nersessian, Nancy, Wendy Newstetter, and Elke Kurz-Milcke. "What Has History to Do with Cognition? Interactive Methods for Studying Research Laboratories." Journal of Cognition and Culture 4, no. 3-4 (2004): 663–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568537042484959.
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AbstractWe have been studying cognition and learning in research laboratories in the field of biomedical engineering (Nersessian, Kurz-Milcke, Newstetter & Davies 2003; Newstetter, Kurz-Milcke & Nersessian, in press[a]). Through our combining of ethnography and cognitive-historical analysis in studying these settings we have been led to understand these labs as comprising evolving distributed cognitive systems and as furnishing agentive learning environments. For this paper we develop the theme of 'models-in-action,' a variant of what Knorr Cetina (1999) has called 'knowledge-in-action.' Among the epistemically most salient objects in these labs are so called "model systems," which are designs that blend engineering with the study and use of biological systems for purposes of simulative model-based reasoning. We portray the prevalent design-orientation in this engineering specialty and how the prevailing activity of cell-culturing in these labs transitions into a design activity for the bio-medical engineers, leading them to work with 'wet' devices. We discuss how devices, 'wet' and 'dry,' situate model-based understandings and how they participate in model systems in these labs. Models tend to come in clusters or configurations, and the model systems in these labs are epistemically salient junctures of interlocking models. Model systems in these labs evolve thereby consolidating what we want to call a 'fabric of interlocking models,' which functions as point of stability and departure in these labs. We convey a taste of such a 'fabric' for a tissue-engineering lab. We conjecture that through this 'fabric' extended developments in technology and methodology have a 'situated' presence in the workings of these labs.
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Brück, Joanna, and Alex Davies. "The Social Role of Non-metal ‘Valuables’ in Late Bronze Age Britain." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 28, no. 4 (June 13, 2018): 665–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095977431800029x.
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Bronze Age metal objects are widely viewed as markers of wealth and status. Items of other materials, such as jet, amber and glass, tend either to be framed in similar terms as ‘prestige goods’, or to be viewed as decorative trifles of limited research value. In this paper, we argue that such simplistic models dramatically underplay the social role and ‘agentive’ capacities of objects. The occurrence of non-metal ‘valuables’ in British Early Bronze Age graves is well-documented, but their use during the later part of the period remains poorly understood. We will examine the deposition of objects of amber, jet and jet-like materials in Late Bronze Age Britain, addressing in particular their contexts and associations as well as patterns of breakage to consider the cultural meanings and values ascribed to such items and to explore how human and object biographies were intertwined. These materials are rarely found in burials during this period but occur instead on settlements, in hoards and caves. In many cases, these finds appear to have been deliberately deposited in the context of ritual acts relating to rites of passage. In this way, the role of such objects as social agents will be explored, illuminating their changing significance in the creation of social identities and systems of value.
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Shirazi, Roozbeh. "“I’m supposed to feel like this is my home”." Journal of Educational Administration 56, no. 5 (August 6, 2018): 519–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-01-2018-0009.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how the exercise of administrative authority to suspend the Muslim Student Association (MSA), an affinity group at a suburban Midwestern high school, was experienced and perceived by affected students. Notably, it traces the mobilization of the MSA students to challenge the principal’s authority through formal channels within the district to reopen the affinity group. In doing so, the students’ activism represents an example of dissensus, or mode of political engagement that challenges top-down models of fostering equity and diversity in schools. Design/methodology/approach The data are drawn from a nine-month ethnographic case study at an inner-ring suburban school in a large Midwestern metropolitan area. Data include participant observation of classrooms and affinity group meetings, semi-structured individual and group interviews, informal conversation and analytical memos synthesizing ethnographic fieldnotes. Findings Though the school and district have made different investments in strengthening equity and diversity at the school, transnational and minoritized Muslim students report a school climate that is characterized by exclusion and racialized surveillance. The principal’s decision to suspend the MSA was characterized by a narrow understanding of the purpose of the group and the identities of the student members. The decision to suspend the MSA, however, produced conditions centering the agentive potential of marginalized and minoritized students. Originality/value This paper opens up the tensions challenges of incorporating student voice into educational decision making. Notably, it highlights important possibilities for political action students when their voices cannot or will not be heard by those who make decisions on their behalf.
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Choi, Lee Jin. "Legitimate bilingual competence in the making: Bilingual performance and investment of Korean-English bilinguals." International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 6 (August 13, 2018): 1394–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918791266.
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Because global migration and mobility have increasingly blurred boundaries, questions of authenticity have become more complex than ever, and the issue of what constitutes “real” versus “fake” language practices and language users has become increasingly important. The newly emerging images of imposters associated with bilingualism and transnationalism have put bilingual and multilingual language users in a fragile position, where bilingual displays can summon the damaging image of inauthentic bilingualism and frame them as imposters who try to articulate their alleged modernity by mimicking other “reals.” Focusing on the issue of authenticity, this ethnographic study explores how Korean-English bilinguals navigate and respond to the newly emerging images of imposters associated with bilingualism and transnationalism. In particular, I examine the case of 20 South Korean graduate students in the USA who have both advanced English language proficiency and native Korean language proficiency. Because they are in a relatively advantageous position in being able to flexibly use both the Korean and English languages and to employ a variety of linguistic resources, their bilingual practices and performance provide an excellent example of the ways in which bilingual language users locate their social positioning through the selective production of ideological representations or language registers associated with images of inauthentic bilingualism. The findings highlight the agentive role of bilingual and multilingual language users in participating in the reconfiguration of what counts as legitimate bilingual competence and performance, and in making a very calculative investment in distancing themselves from particular types of language registers, language competences, and models of personhoods associated with inauthentic Korean-English bilinguals. These findings present a challenge to traditional research in the fields of second language studies, and applied linguistics, and urges researchers to look at the actual language practice of bilingual users who actively participate in the process of developing sense-making discourses.
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Ahmad, Mumtaz, and Kaneez Fatima. "FEMALE IDENTITY AND MAGICAL REALISM IN NATIVE AMERICAN AND AFRO AMERICAN WOMEN WRITING: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LOUISE ERDRICH’S TRACKS AND TONY MORRISON’S BELOVED." Scholedge International Journal of Multidisciplinary & Allied Studies ISSN 2394-336X 4, no. 11 (November 29, 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijmas041102.
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<p>This research article is an attempt to evaluate the Native and Afro American women writers ‘sustained efforts to articulate a continuous and internal cultural female identity by constructing re evaluative narratives that deconstruct institutionally supported universal female images inflicted upon the third and fourth world women by the first world feminist intelligentsia. To do so these women writers radically depart from the conventions of Euro American stylistic, formal and structural modalities of the narrative and use instead a stylistic mosaic allowing the native and black oral traditions to imbricate with the white normative models. Since literature and arts have always been an effective medium, an expansive domain, and a discursive field where writers have been voicing the aureate human feelings, conflicting passions and the continuous struggles of the different societal segments, especially of deprived strata against those who maintain and perpetuate their cultural and political hegemony by suppressing the subalterns, the women writers from the fourth world ethnic communities have expressed whole range of the intensely personal and communal human emotions that radiate from the springboard of social, cultural, historic and political practices One of the significant features that the Native American and Afro American women writers often demonstrate include the use of magical realist strategies that express, on one hand, their efforts to indigenize narrative and, on the other hand, help them construct female identity from their own perspective since, within main concerns of contemporary fourth world feminist criticism, the (re) construction of female identity merits special attention and analysis. The stereotypical discursive construction of the Native and Afro American women by the dominant Euro American discourses bracketed them into essentialist categories glossing over the medley of vital differences that these women reveal in their social, cultural, anthropological and sexual strictures. Tackling the issue of the discursive construction of female identity that involves conceptual and perspectival problems, both Native American and Afro American women writers deconstruct the sweeping generalization of the fourth world women by challenging and subverting the clichéd images replacing them with empowered and agentive subjects who are no more subjected to, what Gyatri Spivk conceptualizes, subalternity and “epistemic violence”.</p>
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Kemzūraitė, Aurelija, Algirdas Raila, Kristina Bimbiraitė, Olga Kornyšova, and Audrius Maruška. "MOISTURE DYNAMICS MODELLING IN HYSSOPI HERBA DRYING PROCESS BY ACTIVE VENTILATION/DRĖGNIO KITIMO MODELIAVIMAS HYSSOPI HERBA DŽIOVINANT AKTYVIOSIOS VENTILIACIJOS BŪDU/МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ВЛАЖНОСТИ HYSSOPI HERBA В ПРОЦЕССЕ СУШКИ С АКТИВНОЙ ВЕНТИЛЯЦИEЙ." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 17, no. 1 (March 31, 2009): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-6897.2009.17.36-43.
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Medicinal herbs after their harvesting participate in heat exchange with the environmental, as does each organic and hygroscopic material. Drying helps to conserve the medicinal raw material with the maximal preservation of its quality. The present investigation deals with the influence of the surrounding air factors (temperature and relative humidity) on drying intensity. The study object was aboveground part of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), i.e. Hyssopi herba was used as medicinal raw material. The aim of the study was to offer a mathematical model of time‐related medicinal herbs moisture dynamics and to show its qualitative agreement with the physical model of diffusion as well as to determine the optimum ventilation intensity of medicinal herbs. Drying of Hyssopi herba using active ventilation was investigated. Ventilation intensity and the parameters of the drying agent influenced the processes of moisture dynamics, the total drying time and the quality of Hyssopi herba. The basic prerequisites of the drying process have been analysed. A mathematical model of moisture dynamics has been proposed and used to show the dependence of theoretical moisture dynamics on ventilation velocity. The obtained experimental values of moisture content dynamics during the drying of Hyssopi herba have been shown to agree with theoretical dependences. Santrauka Vaistiniai augalai, kaip ir kiekviena organinė higroskopinė medžiaga, dalyvauja šilumos mainų procese su aplinka. Džiovinant siekiama konservuoti vaistinius augalus iki reikiamo drėgnio, kiek įmanoma išsaugant jų kokybę. Nagrinėta aplinkos oro veiksnių (temperatūros ir santykinio oro drėgnio) įtaka džiovinimo intensyvumui. Tyrimams naudota antžeminė vaistinio isopo (Hyssopus officinalis L.) dalis, t. y. vaistinė augalinė žaliava – isopų žolė (Hyssopi herba). Tyrimų tikslas – sudaryti drėgmės kitimo per tam tikrą laiką matematinį modelį, taikant gautą difuzijos sprendinį, bei nustatyti optimalų ventiliavimo intensyvumą. Tirtas Hyssopi herba džiovinimo taikant aktyviąją ventiliaciją procesas. Išanalizavus pagrindines džiovinimo sąlygas, sudarytas drėgmės kitimo priklausomybės nuo ventiliavimo intensyvumo, matematinis modelis. Ventiliavimo intensyvumas ir džiovinimo agento parametrai turėjo įtakos drėgmės mainų procesams, džiovinimo trukmei ir vaistinės augalinės žaliavos kokybei. Gauti drėgnio kitimo džiovinant Hyssopi herba rezultatai patvirtino, kad teorinės priklausomybės kokybiškai atitinka tiriamąjį procesą. Резюме Лекарственные растения, как и всякий органический гигроскопический материал, участвуют в процессе теплообмена с окружающей средой. С помощью сушки требуется консервировать лекарственные растения до нужной влажности, максимально сохраняя их качествo. Исследовалось влияние температуры и относительной влажности окружающего воздуха на интенсивность сушки. Объект исследования – наземная часть лекарственного иссопа (Hyssopus officinalis L.), т.е. лекарственное сырьё Hyssopi herba. Целью исследования было создать математическую модель изменения влажности с течением времени, применяя полученное решение диффузии, и определить оптимальную интенсивность вентиляции. Процесс сушки Hyssopi herba исследовался способом активной вентиляции. Различные параметры интенсивности вентиляции и сушильной среды влияли на процесс влагообмена, продолжительность сушки и качество лекарственного сырья. Произведен качественный анализ основных предпосылок процесса сушки. Предложена математическая модель изменения влажности, и на ее основе получена теоретическая зависимость изменения влажности от интенсивности вентиляции. Полученные результаты подтвердили соответствие между теоретической моделью и экспериментальными данными.
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Sherman, Brandon, and Annela Teemant. "Agency, identity, power: An agentive triad model for teacher action." Educational Philosophy and Theory, May 19, 2021, 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2021.1929174.
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Owoeye, Samuel T., and Olukayode T. Babatunde. "A LEXEME-BASED STUDY OF THE AGENTIVE FRENCH SUFFIXES -ANT - EUR AND -ISTE." Facta Universitatis, Series: Linguistics and Literature, July 12, 2018, 025. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/full1801025o.
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Construction Morphology which is fast becoming an alternative term to Derivational Morphology is known to be rooted in Lexeme-Based Morphology and is noted for its Lexeme Formation Rules that are formulated to account for the construction of existing derivational words which serve as models for the creation of other yet-to-be-attested words in human languages. The advent of Lexeme-Based Morphology is as a result of the inability of morpheme-based models to adequately account for some morphologically derived words. Proponents of lexeme-based morphology, hence, believe that it is more appropriate to analyze morphologically formed words when lexemes are seen as the basic units of morphological operation. It is in the light of this hypothesis that we set out in this paper to do a lexeme-based study of the agentive French suffixes –ant, –eur and –iste in order to examine its analytical adequacy. After a careful analysis, the study reveals that the lexeme-based approach to construction morphology seems to be more adequate than the morpheme-based approach.