Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Agglutinante'

Cette étude présente les caractéristiques, les écritures et la structure de la langue ouïghoure en faisant une étude linguistique et en proposant de nouveaux modèles expérimentaux qui faciliteront le développement des outils informatiques et le traitement automatique de la langue afin de contribuer à l’informatisation de la langue ouïghoure. Plus précisément, notre étude consiste en quatre parties : la première partie présente les problématiques d’étude, les caractéristiques de la langue et des écritures, notamment le processus d’unification de l’écriture ouïghoure-latine ; la deuxième partie expose les notions de base d’extraction d’information et démontre la possibilité d’extraction d’entités nommées en utilisant un outil d’extraction, afin d’expérimenter les conceptions et les théories proposées ; la troisième partie est consacré à l’étude linguistique notamment sur l’aspect agglutinant de la langue et les règles morphologiques de suffixation qui seront appliquées pendant la réalisation des outils prototypes proposés dans cette thèse ; enfin la quatrième partie mettre en évidence les problématiques de traitement de la langue ouïghoure dans une situation où les systèmes d’exploitation ne supporte pas la langue ouïghoure. Dans cette partie, nous décrivons les difficultés existantes et nous proposerons des solutions innovantes afin de les résoudre dans les domaines suivants : Unification des polices ouïghoures et création d’une police ouïghoure basée sur l’Unicode, Implémentation des méthodes d’entrées au niveau système et au niveau navigateur, Création des convertisseurs multiécriture, Réalisation d’un dictionnaire ouïghour – anglais en ligne, Mise en place d’un générateur lexical basé sur les règles morphologiques de suffixation de l’ouïghour, Développement d’un analyseur et explorateur de suffixes, Démonstration d’extraction de l’information Implémentation d’un parseur et un correcteur d’orthographe
This study presents the characteristics, writing systems and structure of Uyghur language by doing a linguistic study. Our approach will consist of new trial models that facilitate the development and realization of Uyghur software tools, and contribute to the Uyghur information technology. More precisely, our study consists of four phases: Firstly, we are going to present the main issues of the study, characteristics of the language and its writing systems, especially the unification procedure of the Latin-Script Uyghur. Secondly, we briefly introduce some basic notions for the retrieval of information, and we will do a demonstration of named entities retrieval, using an extraction tool, in order to test concepts and theories that we are proposing. Then, we will discuss linguistic issues – mainly on the agglutinative aspect and morphological suffixation rules – which are applied during the implementation of prototype tools proposed in this study. Finally, we underline problems in natural language processing (NLP) created by Uyghur language and non-Uyghur supporting environments. We will discuss the existing difficulties and we will suggest innovative solutions to resolve such problems with the following fields: Standardization of Uyghur fonts and creation of a Unicode based Uyghur font, Implementation of system-level and browser-level input methods and - reation of multi-script converting tools, Realization of an online Uyghur – English dictionary, Implementation of a lexical generator based on the morphological suffixation rules of Uyghur, Design and creation of an suffix analyzer and explorer, Demonstration of Uyghur information retrieval, Implementation of a parser and spell checker

Nel presente lavoro sono state analizzate le distribuzioni quantitative dei Foraminiferi planctonici e bentonici presenti in una carota e in un box core prelevati nel Mare di Ross in Antartide durante la campagna KOPRI ANTA03 nel Febbraio 2013 nell’ambito del progetto di ricerca congiunto Corea- Italia finanziato dal Progetto Nazionale di Ricerca in Antartide (PNRA). Scopo del lavoro è stato quello di comprendere l’evoluzione ambientale dell’area in base alla distribuzione quantitativa e qualitativa delle associazioni a Foraminiferi nel tardo Quaternario. In base alla distribuzione quantitativa dei Foraminiferi identificati, la sequenza sedimentaria della carota C2 è stata suddivisa in tre intervalli corrispondenti a tre principali fasi paleoceanografiche/paleoclimatiche. La prima fase, più antica di 18 ka, caratterizzata dall’assenza o rarità di forme documenta un ambiente con presenza di copertura glaciale. La seconda, depositatasi tra 18 ka e ~8 ka è caratterizzata da una maggiore variabilità intraspecifica e riflette un miglioramento delle condizioni climatiche. La terza, corrisponde ad un periodo compreso tra ~8 ka e ~2 ka. La presenza di forme agglutinanti e l’assenza di Foraminiferi a guscio calcareo suggeriscono la presenza di condizioni di dissoluzione carbonatica sul fondale in un ambiente marino libero da copertura glaciale. La documentazione di numerosi individui allo stadio giovanile di Neogloboquadrina pachyderma durante l’intervallo B ha reso possibile avanzare ipotesi riguardo la strategia di sopravvivenza di questa specie in ambiente estremo quale il ghiaccio antartico. La somiglianza morfologica tra individui giovanili di Neogloboquadrina pachyderma riscontrata durante il nostro studio nei sedimenti a livello fossile nella carota con individui giovanili della stessa specie provenienti da campioni di ghiaccio marino antartico documentati in bibliografia, ha permesso di supportare la tesi dello sviluppo di tali forme nei pori del “microghiaccio”.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), February 1988.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 243-259).
by Michael Anthony Kaminski.
Ph.D.

A suite of lightning strike glasses and unmelted starting materials has been studied by electron microscope and Mossbauer spectroscopy to determine Fe oxidation states. Nine of eleven samples are reduced compared to the starting materials; four of the glasses contain Fe0. Only one sample contained evidence of reduction by carbon, and the results support the reduction of Fe as intrinsic to the rapid, high temperature processing during lightning strikes.A thermodynamic modeling code is used to model the formation of moldavite tektites and the reduction of Fe from sediments around the Ries crater. During isentropic cooling from a strong shock, Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ at all modeled conditions. The best matches to an average moldavite composition and the compositions of the Bohemian and Bohemian:Radomilice sub-strewn fields occur with a mixture of surface and subsurface sands along a 4500 J/kg-K isentropic cooling path, consistent with an asteroid impact. The Lusatian and Moravian sub-strewn fields are better represented by starting materials of entirely surface sands, consistent with the uppermost layers of surface material having traveled the farthest from the impact.The thermodynamic code is also used to investigate the formation of lunar regolith agglutinates and reduction of Fe to Fe0. Forming Fe0 requires assuming Fe0 is miscible in silicate liquid at elevated temperatures and pressures. When Fe0 is included in the liquid solution, it is stable at modeled conditions. Simple separation of liquid from vapor is not sufficient to reproduce agglutinate glass. When the vapor phase is allowed to partially redeposit and some Fe0 is directly condensed from vapor, the resulting liquid better reproduces mare agglutinate glasses. This model cannot reproduce highland agglutinate glass, because the Al concentration remains too high in the liquid. The best match to mare glass is produced using the <10 µm fraction of the mare soil along the 8000 J/kg-K cooling isentrope at 100 bars, 4370 K with 95% vapor redeposition and 50% of the Fe(g) directly condensed as Fe0. The reduced fulgurite samples and the results of the impact models suggest that Fe reduction is intrinsic to the rapid, high temperature processing of silicates.

L’ese ejja (takana) est une langue amazonienne en danger, parlée en Bolivie et au Pérou par environ 1 500 locuteurs. La première partie offre un profil sociolinguistique et décrit la méthodologie de collecte des données auprès d’une douzaine de locuteurs, lors de 5 terrains réalisés dans la communauté de Portachuelo, Bolivie, entre 2005 et 2009. La deuxième partie est une grammaire qui situe l’ese ejja typologiquement parmi les langues du monde, aréalement en tant que langue amazonienne et génétiquement au sein de la famille takana. Phonologiquement la langue est remarquable pour ses deux implosives sourdes et un système accentuel verbal très complexe sensible, entre autre, à la valence du radical. La complexité morphologique est frappante : parmi les 13 positions du prédicat verbal, on trouve des combinaisons lexicales de deux racines, de l’incorporation nominale et de nombreux suffixes plus au moins lexicaux. Particulièrement intéressants sont les suffixes d’Aktionsart qui ont une sémantique d’adverbes, et le riche système (10 suffixes) de ‘mouvement associé’, aussi attesté dans la langue sœur cavineña et des langues australiennes. Les adjectifs les plus fréquents sont prédicatifs et peuvent productivement avoir un nom incorporé. Polygrammaticalisés, les 4 verbes de posture sont omniprésents dans la grammaire, dans les constructions locative, existentielle et possessive, et comme suffixes de présent et d’imperfectif. Enfin, il existe 2 systèmes de co-référence pour 4 types de subordonnées : tous les deux sont tripartites et vont au-delà de l’opposition binaire ‘sujet identique/différent’ mieux connue. Un DVD avec les fichiers audio des textes en annexe et le matériel de revitalisation produit est joint
Ese Ejja (Takana) is an endangered language of the Amazon, spoken by about 1,500 people in Peru and Bolivia. The first part is a sociolinguistic profile and describes the methodology: the data were recorded from a dozen speakers, in the course of 5 fieldtrips between 2005 and 2009 in Portachuelo, a Bolivian community. The second part is a grammar that places Ese Ejja typologically among the world languages, areally as an Amazonian language and genetically within the Takanan family. Among its interesting phonological features are two voiceless implosives and its complex verbal accent that is sensitive to stem valency. The morphology of the verb predicate is also intricate, with its 13 slots: roots can combine to form a compound stem, nouns can be incorporated and numerous morphemes of a (more or less) clear lexical origin suffixed. Of specific interest are the Aktionsart verbal suffixes with their adverbial semantics and the rich system of 10 ‘associated motion’ morphemes, also attested in the sister-language Cavineña and in some Australian languages. Predicative adjectives are the most frequent of the two adjective classes, and productively incorporate nouns. The 4 posture verbs are polygrammaticalized and thus omnipresent in the grammar: they appear in basic locative, existential and possessive constructions or as suffixes of present and of imperfective. Two systems of co-reference are distributed among 4 types of subordinate clauses: both systems are tripartite, i.e. go far beyond the better-known ‘same subject/different subject’ binary opposition. A DVD with the audio-files of the texts in the appendix and with the produced revitalization material accompanies the dissertation

Il presente lavoro di tesi ha permesso di ottenere importanti dati inerenti la distribuzione dei foraminiferi viventi nel Mare di Ross. Nel dettaglio è stato eseguito lo studio delle associazioni a Foraminiferi planctonici e bentonici presenti nei sedimenti marini recenti campionati in due aree oceanograficamente diverse del Mare di Ross ovvero nel Joides basin (siti B1 e B2) caratterizzato dalla presenza delle MCDW, dalla presenza delle HSSW e dalla CCD attorno i 500 m e nel Draganski through, interessato dalle MCDW ma caratterizzato da forti correnti di fondo. Le indagini sono state di tipo interdisciplinare: è stato fatto un conteggio quantitativo delle specie a guscio calcareo e di quelle a guscio agglutinante distinguendo la biocenosi dalla tanatocenosi corredato di analisi statistiche e mineralogiche. Quest’ultima ha permesso di caratterizzare la natura composizionale delle principali specie a F. agglutinanti. I dati ottenuti hanno evidenziato la correlazione le masse d’acqua e la composizione della microfauna, rilevando come la tanatocenosi risulti impoverita rispetto alla biocenosi. Le forme più abbondanti sono quelle a guscio agglutinante quali: T. cf. quadricamerata., R. cylindrica, R. spiculifer, L. difflugiformis, M. arenacea e R. contortus in quanto non intaccate dalla dissoluzione dei carbonati. In ambienti al di sopra della CCD e con forti correnti sul fondale, N. pachyderma domina e le forme agglutinanti sono praticamente assenti (sito C). In questi tipi di ambienti la microfauna è caratterizzata dalla presenza di taxa molto resistenti quali G. biora e T. earlandi oltre a quelli che vivono attaccati a vegetali o ad altri organismi quali C. lobatulus e C. refulgens. Grazie all’indagine condotta all’ESEM si è potuto evidenziare che i clasti che compongono il guscio dei Foraminiferi agglutinanti rispecchiano la composizione del sedimento circostante con predilezione per il quarzo probabilmente perché consentono maggiore stabilità al guscio.

A constant flow of various pathogens enters the respiratory system on daily basis through the involuntary mechanism of breathing. Respiratory viral infections are common yet can be fatal in vulnerable populations. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the first and most common viruses that the human population acquire in the first two years of life. Despite the ability of most infants to recover from a RSV infection, many require hospitalization and, in few cases, die from such an infection. The pattern of seasonality of respiratory viruses also applies to RSV. In this work the temperature dependence of infectivity was studied in Hep-2 cells infected with RSV that had been incubated with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. The results indicate a temperature dependence of infectivity. Inhibition of the viral infectivity was observed at three different temperatures 37 ̊C, 40 ̊C and 42 ̊C. The inhibition appears to be linked to the appearance of large agglutinates that appear to reduce the infectivity of RSV. Such a study found that viral neutralization is dependent on a temperature-dependent agglutination reaction. The causality of agglutination formation requires further investigation in order to conclusively confirm the immunological component(s) of this reaction, and how temperature is contributing to this reaction.

The Sulaiy Formation, which is the oldest unit in the Lower Cretaceous succession, is conformably overlain by the Yamama Formation and it is a challenge to identify the precise age of the two formations using foraminifera and other microfossil assemblages. In the eastern side of Saudi Arabia, the Sulaiy Formation and the base of Yamama Formation are poorly studied. The main objectives of this study is to enhance the understanding of the Sulaiy Formation sequence stratigraphical correlation, regional lateral variations and palaeoenvironmental investigation. Lithological and semi-quantitative micropalaeontological analysis of 1277 thin sections taken from core samples from nine cored wells providing a geographically representative distribution from the Saudi Arabian Gulf. These cores intersected the base of the Yamama Formation and the Sulaiy Formation in the total thickness of cored wells of 843.23 meters (2766.5 feet). On the evidence provided by the foraminifera, the Sulaiy Formation is considered to represent the Berriasian to the lowermost Valanginian. The investigation of the micropalaeontology has provided considerable insights into the biocomponents of Sulaiy and the base of Yamama formations in order to identify their biofacies. These microfossils include rotalid foraminifera, miliolid foraminifera, agglutinated foraminifera, calcareous algae, calcispheres, stromatoporoids, sponge spicules, problematica (e.g. Lithocodium aggregatum), molluscs, corals, echinoderms and ostracods. Systematics of planktic and benthic foraminifera is accomplished using the foraminiferal classification by Loeblich and Tappan (1988) as the main source. The assemblage contains foraminifera that recorded for the first time in the Sulaiy Formation. Other microfossils were identified and recorded to help in the identification of the sedimentary environments. The investigation of the micropalaeontology and the lithofacies analysis have provided evidence the identification of the various lithofacies. About twenty four microfacies were identified on the basis of their bio−component and non-skeletal grains. The lithofacies and the bio−component results have provided the evidence of the sedimentary palaeoenvironmental model namely the Arabian Rimmed Carbonate Platform. This palaeoenvironmental depositional model is characterised by two different platform regimes. They are the Platform Interior and the Platform Exterior each of which have unique sedimentary lithofacies zones that produce different types of lithofacies. Each lithofacies is characterised by special depositional conditions and palaeobathymetry that interact with sea level changes and the accommodation space. The important palaeoenvironments are intertidal, restricted lagoon (subtidal), open marine, deeper open marine, inner shoal, shoal and platform margin. Generating, and testing, a depositional model as a part of formulating a sequence stratigraphical interpretation of a region is a key to understanding its geological development and – ultimately – reservoir potential. The micropalaeontology and sedimentology of the Sulaiy Formation in the subsurface have indicated a succession of clearly defined shallowing−upwards depositional cycles. These typically commence with a deep marine biofacies with wackestones and packstones, capped with a mudstone-wackestone maximum flooding zone and an upper unit of packstone to grainstones containing shallow marine biofacies. The upper part of the Sulaiy Formation is highstand-dominated with common grainstones that host the Lower Ratawi reservoir which is capped by karst that defines the sequence boundary. This karst is identified by its abundant moldic porosity that enhanced the the reservoir quality by increasing its porosities into greater values. Integration of the sedimentology and micropalaeontology has yielded a succession of shoaling−upwards depositional cycles, considered to be 4th order sequences, that are superimposed on a large scale 3rd order system tract shallowing−upwards, highstand-associated sequence of the Sulaiy Formation. The Lower Ratawi Reservoir is located within the latest high-stand portion of a third-order Sulaiy Formation sequence. The reservoir consists of a succession of several sequences, each of which is sub-divided into a lower transgressive systems tract separated from the upper highstand systems tract by a maximum flooding surface (MFS/Z). The last of these depositional cycles terminates in beds of porous and permeable ooid, or ooidal-peloidal, grainstone. The reservoir is sealed by the finer-grained sediments of the Yamama Formation.

碩士
東方設計學院
文化創意設計研究所
100
Due to over exploitation, the earth is facing the lack of natural resources, ecological crisis caused by environmental pollution has evoked the awareness of carbon reduction and environmental protection. Reducing waste pollution, recycling, and integrating the green concept has become the consensus of the global industry.Basically, the glass itself is an eco-material, but the utilization rate after recycling isn’t high. Main reason is that waste produced are high-polluting, waste contained with impurities are hard to purify, consumes time and energy, and the economic value after recycling is low.In this study, the purpose is to discuss the use of glass debris and waste after the process of output. Think new ways to reuse the waste of glass and categories that haven’t been developed yet. Through the process of combining agglutinant with waste, the core is to produce an innovative product and achieve to output a carbon reduction eco-product.The main content in doing the research of combining glass waste with agglutinant on decorative building materials are edging, waste powder of sandblasting, and panel recycling minced glassusing carbon reduction, non-toxic, pollution-free, simple processing, doing Inorganic gel cold work experiment as principles. Take the waste of glass into a whole new research and development, at last, using an embossment as a building materials design applications the value of research and development.