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Journal articles on the topic 'Aggravated robbery'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Baril, Micheline, and Anne Morrissette. "Du côté des victimes, une autre perspective sur le vol à main armée." Criminologie 18, no. 2 (2005): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017219ar.

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Armed robbery has long been regarded as a crime against property. But from the victim's point of view, it is a violent crime which endangers their lives and constitutes a traumatic experience. Nine years of research are briefly summarized with special attention to a recent survey of victims of commercial robbery in Montreal in which 440 persons were interviewed. It is difficult to describe a victim unless researchers agree on some basic definition of who should be defined as a victim. This is the first subject of discussion. After a short description of the way victimizations occur, the conseq

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2

Thobane, Mahlongonolo, and Johan Prinsloo. "Is crime getting increasingly violent? An assessment of the role of bank associated robbery in South Africa." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 65 (September 30, 2018): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2018/v0n65a4367.

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There is public concern about the violent nature of crime in South Africa and the continuously increasing levels of crime, both of which place a huge burden on the resources of the criminal justice system. ‘Bank associated robbery’ is a bank-related robbery (or attempted robbery) of cash, committed against a bank client while en route to or from a bank or ATM. Although this phenomenon is relatively unknown both in the academe and to the general public, the drastic increase in these violent and potentially traumatic crimes puts the general public at risk, and is therefore of particular concern

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3

HUANG, W. S. WILSON, MARY A. FINN, R. BARRY RUBACK, and ROBERT R. FRIEDMANN. "Individual and Contextual Influences on Sentence Lengths: Examining Political Conservatism." Prison Journal 76, no. 4 (1996): 398–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855596076004003.

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This study examined the impact of legal, extralegal, and contextual variables on prison sentence lengths for violent felons sentenced in Georgia from 1981 to 1989. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted for all violent crimes and separately for four types of violent crime: murder and manslaughter, rape, aggravated assault, and robbery. Results indicated that the legally relevant factors—seriousness of the crime and number of convictions—had the strongest influence on sentence lengths. Across most violent crimes, male, older, and better-educated offenders received longer sentences t

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4

Bachman, Ronet. "Victim's perceptions of initial police responses to robbery and aggravated assault: Does race matter?" Journal of Quantitative Criminology 12, no. 4 (1994): 363–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02354424.

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5

Pohl, Abigail D., Samuel W. Klockenkemper, Lucas G. Carpinello, and Paul M. Sommers. "Did Crime Rates Rise After Colorado Legalized Marijuana?" Journal of Student Research 5, no. 1 (2016): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v5i1.277.

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Using monthly crime reports from Denver’s Police Department between January 2010 and December 2014, the authors endeavor to show if there was a break in the trend line of seven different crimes (homicide, rape, aggravated assault, burglary, robbery, larceny, and motor vehicle theft) following Colorado’s legalization of marijuana in late 2012. After adjusting for seasonal components (some crimes tend to be higher in summer months), the trend lines reveal no break for crimes against persons. But, three of the four trend lines for crimes against property do reveal a significant decrease after leg

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6

Petrić, Branko. "Death penalty: Yes or no." Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 71, no. 12 (1999): 336–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv9910336p.

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The author gives an overview of arguments for and against death penalty. He considers that the arguments speaking in favor of the existence of death penalty are more justified. He expresses his opinion that the death penalty should be retained in the criminal code and that it should be provided as an alternative punishment for aggravated criminal acts such as first degree murder, homicide committed in the course of robbery, crimes against the state and its security, against humanity and international law. crimes against armed forces at times of mobilization or war.

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7

Feng, Shun Q., Eric L. Piza, Leslie W. Kennedy, and Joel M. Caplan. "Aggravating effects of alcohol outlet types on street robbery and aggravated assault in New York City." Journal of Crime and Justice 42, no. 3 (2018): 257–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.2018.1559076.

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8

Pelfrey, William V., Steven Keener, and Michael Perkins. "Examining the Role of Demographics in Campus Crime Alerts." Race and Justice 8, no. 3 (2016): 244–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2153368716675475.

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Colleges and universities are required by the Clery Act to issue crime alerts to members of the campus community. Issuing agencies have significant discretion in the timing and information included in crime alerts, including the perpetrator descriptors. The inclusion of perpetrator/suspect descriptions in the crime alert is intended to maximize public safety. Race descriptors may have negative consequences through the repetition of minority suspect information. To address the issue of demographic use in crime alerts, a mixed method approach was employed. A summary review of several years of cr

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9

Jovašević, Dragan. "Execution of the death penalty pursuant to the new legislation." Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 71, no. 12 (1999): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv9910352j.

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Although death penalty was abolished by the 1992 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and by the 1993 Yugoslav Criminal Code for crimes provided by federal laws, it still exists as a penalty in our criminal law system. It is provided by the constitutions and criminal codes of the republics for the most serious forms of crimes - first degree murder and aggravated robbery. This is the reason for the fact that the new 1997 Law on enforcement of criminal sentences still contains provisions on the procedure, manner and conditions for enforcement of the capital punishment. The new legi

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10

DeLisi, Matt, Ramate Bunga, Mark H. Heirigs, Jacob H. Erickson, and Andy Hochstetler. "The Past Is Prologue: Criminal Specialization Continuity in the Delinquent Career." Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 17, no. 4 (2018): 335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541204018809839.

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The versatility/specialization debate in criminology has important theoretical, research, and juvenile/criminal justice ramifications. Although offenders are mostly versatile, there is important evidence of specialization, but much of this evidence is derived from highly technical statistical approaches. Drawing on data from a cohort of serious delinquents committed to the California Youth Authority, logistic regression models revealed robust evidence for criminal specialization net the effects of behavioral and demographic controls. Prior homicide was associated with a 1,467% increased likeli

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11

Hart, Timothy, and Paul Zandbergen. "Kernel density estimation and hotspot mapping." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 37, no. 2 (2014): 305–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-04-2013-0039.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of user-defined parameters settings (e.g. interpolation method, grid cell size, and bandwidth) on the predictive accuracy of crime hotspot maps produced from kernel density estimation (KDE). Design/methodology/approach – The influence of variations in parameter settings on prospective KDE maps is examined across two types of interpersonal violence (e.g. aggravated assault and robbery) and two types of property crime (e.g. commercial burglary and motor vehicle theft). Findings – Results show that interpolation method has a considerab

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12

Özaşçılar, Mine, and Neylan Ziyalar. "Unraveling the Determinants of Fear of Crime Among Men and Women in Istanbul: Examining the Impact of Perceived Risk and Fear of Sexual Assault." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 61, no. 9 (2015): 993–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x15613334.

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Studies have examined university students’ fear of crime focusing on the relationship between the fear of sexual assault and fear of other crimes, termed the shadow of sexual assault hypothesis; however, no study to date has examined the shadow thesis in a Turkish context. Drawing on the shadow thesis, using a sample of 723 university students in Istanbul, this study focuses on the effect of fear of sexual assault and perceived risk of crime to general fear of crime among university students in Istanbul. Also, the predictors of fear of crime are explored to examine the relationship between lif

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13

Wintemute, Garen J., Mona A. Wright, Alvaro Castillo-Carniglia, Aaron Shev, and Magdalena Cerdá. "Firearms, alcohol and crime: convictions for driving under the influence (DUI) and other alcohol-related crimes and risk for future criminal activity among authorised purchasers of handguns." Injury Prevention 24, no. 1 (2017): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042181.

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Firearm violence frequently involves alcohol, but there are no studies of misuse of alcohol and risk for future violence among firearm owners. We examined the association between prior convictions for alcohol-related crimes, chiefly driving under the influence (DUI), and risk of subsequent arrest among 4066 individuals who purchased handguns in California in 1977. During follow-up through 1991, 32.8% of those with prior alcohol-related convictions and 5.7% of those with no prior criminal history were arrested for a violent or firearm-related crime; 15.9% and 2.7%, respectively, were arrested f

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14

Rosellini, A. J., J. Monahan, A. E. Street, et al. "Predicting non-familial major physical violent crime perpetration in the US Army from administrative data." Psychological Medicine 46, no. 2 (2015): 303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291715001774.

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Background.Although interventions exist to reduce violent crime, optimal implementation requires accurate targeting. We report the results of an attempt to develop an actuarial model using machine learning methods to predict future violent crimes among US Army soldiers.Method.A consolidated administrative database for all 975 057 soldiers in the US Army in 2004–2009 was created in the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS). Of these soldiers, 5771 committed a first founded major physical violent crime (murder-manslaughter, kidnapping, aggravated arson, aggrava

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15

Le, Thao, and Judy Wallen. "Youth Delinquency: Self-Reported Rates and Risk Factors of Cambodian, Chinese, Lao/Mien, and Vietnamese Youth." AAPI Nexus Journal: Policy, Practice, and Community 4, no. 2 (2006): 15–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36650/nexus4.2_15-44_leetal.

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General self-reported rates of violence and studies identifying risk factors for delinquency and serious violence have been limited for Asian, particularly Southeast Asian youth. Additionally, the role of psychosocial-cultural related factors such as individualism/collectivism, intergenerational/intercultural conflict, and ethnic identity in delinquency has largely been neglected. In a sample of 329 Cambodian, Chinese, Lao/Mien, and Vietnamese youth, robust risk factors for serious violence (aggravated assault, robbery, gang, rape) included peer delinquency, prior arrest, and victimization. In

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16

Rydberg, Jason, Rebecca Stone, and Edmund F. McGarrell. "Utilizing Incident-Based Crime Data to Inform Strategic Interventions." Justice Research and Policy 17, no. 1 (2016): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525107116674925.

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A public health approach to violence prevention involves the empirical identification of groups and communities at the highest risk for violence to inform targeted interventions. We demonstrate the utility of complete incident-level crime data toward this end. Data for 32,056 unique incidents involving homicide, aggravated assault, and robbery were extracted from the 2013 Michigan Incident Crime Reporting system, a statewide National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) data system. Differential victimization rates were calculated across demographic subgroups and jurisdictions to identify p

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17

Jarvis, John P., Ashley Mancik, and Wendy C. Regoeczi. "Police Responses to Violent Crime." Criminal Justice Review 42, no. 1 (2016): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016816684198.

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This work advances the relatively limited literature pertaining to police clearances of serious violent crimes by comparing and contrasting the correlates of homicide clearance with clearance of nonlethal violent crimes. Using 5 years of National Incident-Based Reporting System data from 2008 to 2012 and survival models, we analyze the impact of various victim and incident characteristics on time to clearance outcomes for four offense types: homicide, aggravated assault, robbery, and sexual assault. Examining longitudinal trends of clearance rates reveals important differences across violent c

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18

Pellegrini, Robert J., Terry Roundtree, Tina F. Camagna, and Sergio S. Queirolo. "On the Epidemiology of Violent Juvenile Crime in America: A Total Arrest-Referenced Approach." Psychological Reports 86, no. 3_suppl (2000): 1171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.3c.1171.

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The catalyst for this study was a widely publicized U.S. government-sponsored report forecasting alarming increases in violent juvenile crime. Working from data for the entire United States given in annual FBI Uniform Crime Reports, the study presented a descriptive statistical, historical profile of violent juvenile crime in America based on the percentage of all arrests for criminal homicide, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault attributable to juveniles, 1941–1995. Markedly different patterns resulted from focusing on rates and rates of change calculated for 1-, 5-, and 10-yr. per

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19

Pellegrini, Robert J., Terry Roundtree, Tina F. Camagna, and Sergio S. Queirolo. "On the Epidemiology of Violent Juvenile Crime in America: A Total Arrest-Referenced Approach." Psychological Reports 86, no. 3_part_2 (2000): 1171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003329410008600318.2.

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The catalyst for this study was a widely publicized U.S. government-sponsored report forecasting alarming increases in violent juvenile crime. Working from data for the entire United States given in annual FBI Uniform Crime Reports, the study presented a descriptive statistical, historical profile of violent juvenile crime in America based on the percentage of all arrests for criminal homicide, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault attributable to juveniles, 1941–1995. Markedly different patterns resulted from focusing on rates and rates of change calculated for 1-, 5-, and 10-yr. per

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20

Kong, Victor, Ross Weale, Joanna Blodgett, John Bruce, Grant Laing, and Damian Clarke. "Spectrum of injuries resulting from gunshot wounds in car hijacking: a South African experience." Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open 3, no. 1 (2018): e000260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2018-000260.

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BackgroundCar hijacking, known as “carjacking”, is a form of aggravated robbery of a vehicle from the driver frequently involving firearm and is common in South Africa. There is, however, little literature on the spectrum of injuries sustained by victims of car hijacking. The study aimed to describe the spectrum of gunshot wound-related (GSW) injuries and review our experience of management of victims of car hijacking in our trauma center based in South Africa.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted during an 8-year period from January 2010 to January 2018 on all patients who presented wit

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21

Yakubovich, Alexa R., Michelle Degli Esposti, Brittany C. L. Lange, et al. "Effects of Laws Expanding Civilian Rights to Use Deadly Force in Self-Defense on Violence and Crime: A Systematic Review." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 4 (2021): e1-e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.306101.

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Background. Since 2005, most US states have expanded civilian rights to use deadly force in self-defense outside the home. In most cases, legislation has included removing the duty to retreat anywhere one may legally be, commonly known as stand-your-ground laws. The extent to which these laws affect public health and safety is widely debated in public and policy discourse. Objectives. To synthesize the available evidence on the impacts and social inequities associated with changing civilian rights to use deadly force in self-defense on violence, injury, crime, and firearm-related outcomes. Sea

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22

Savard, Dennis M., Thomas M. Kelley, and David M. Merolla. "Routine Activities and Criminal Victimization: The Significance of Gendered Spaces." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 23-24 (2017): 5425–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517721170.

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Gender is arguably the most prominent correlate of criminal victimization. Few studies, however, examine gender-specific dynamics that might help advance criminology’s understanding of the persistent gender gap in criminal victimization. We attempt to help fill this research void by examining data from the 2012 National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) through the lens of routine activity theory to investigate the relationship between “gendered spaces” and criminal victimization. We propose that gendered spaces constructed by people’s routine activities may increase their exposure to mo

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23

Newham, Gareth. "Cops and robbers - a new approach: The Gauteng Aggravated Robbery Strategy." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 29 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2009/v0i29a903.

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During 2006, substantial increases were recorded in residential and business robberies in Gauteng. Along with hijackings, these three subcategories of aggravated robbery were collectively referred to as the 'Trio Crimes'. After various policing operations failed to adequately reduce the Trio Crimes in Gauteng, the Gauteng Department of Community Safety undertook research into international best practice for combating residential and business robberies. The findings of this research formed the basis for the Gauteng Aggravated Robbery Strategy, which was subsequently developed and implemented in

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24

"The Death Sentence in Zambia and International Human Rights." Journal of African Law 41, no. 1 (1997): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185530001007x.

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During its 55th session, the UN Human Rights Committee examined a communication from Bernard Lubuto (Lubuto v. Zambia Communication No. 390/1990) alleging that his rights under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights had been violated. The author of the communication was arrested in February 1980 and sentenced to death on 4 August, 1983, for aggravated robbery. On 10 February, 1988, the Supreme Court dismissed his appeal. The author claimed that the death sentence imposed on him was disproportionate since no one was killed or wounded during the robbery. The Human Rights Commit

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25

Burger, Johan. "TIME TO TAKE ACTION: The 2006/07 crime statistics." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 21 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2007/v0i21a969.

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With increases of 2.4% and 4.6% respectively in the murder and aggravated robbery rates, the police’s release of the 2006/07 crime statistics confirmed the fears of many that violent crime is on the increase. During the media conference the police communicated the bad news badly in an obvious attempt to downplay the seriousness of a situation over which they, according to their own admission, actually have very little control. In a bizarre way this confirms that whatever we are doing to fight crime isn’t working and that it is time to consider something completely different.

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26

Craig, Jessica M., Haley Zettler, and Chad Trulson. "What Predicts the Use of Blended Sentences Among Eligible Juveniles? A State-Wide Examination." Criminal Justice Policy Review, June 30, 2021, 088740342110282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08874034211028273.

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In response to critiques of traditional juvenile justice processing and waiver to adult court, several states have adopted blended sentencing. These sentences fall in between these two approaches as they offer the benefits of the more rehabilitative-oriented juvenile system, with the option to deploy more punitive adult criminal sanctions. While previous research has indicated violent offenders were more likely to receive a blended sentence, it has not distinguished between those who were eligible for a blended sentence but did not receive this sanction. The current study seeks to address this

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27

Stairmand, Meg, Devon L. L. Polaschek, and Louise Dixon. "Perpetrators’ Perspectives on Family Violence: An Event Process Model." Journal of Interpersonal Violence, August 31, 2019, 088626051987344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260519873440.

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Offense process models are descriptive theories that provide a temporal outline of an offense—including its cognitive, behavioral, contextual, and motivational components—from a perpetrator’s perspective. Offense process models have been developed for a wide range of criminal offending (e.g., alcohol-impaired driving, child sexual offending, rape, aggravated robbery, homicide), but remain underdeveloped for family violence. The purpose of this study was to develop an offense process model of family violence. We conducted individual semistructured interviews with 27 participants—14 men and 13 w

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28

Glover, Marewa, Robin Shepherd, Kyro Selket, and Saravana Kumar Paramanathen. "Price hikes, crime fad or political football? What caused a spike in store robberies for cigarettes in New Zealand: Analysis of news reports (2009-2018)." Safer Communities ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sc-09-2020-0034.

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Purpose A large increase in robberies of convenience stores in New Zealand (NZ) in 2016 and 2017 was anecdotally attributed to persistent and substantial increases in excise tax on tobacco products. This study aims to explore the validity of that claim by examining the characteristics of the robberies through the lens of online news coverage. Design/methodology/approach Google, Bing and main online NZ news outlets were searched for news reports between 2009 and 2018 of tobacco-related store robberies. Content analysis was used to extract characteristics such as date of robbery, type of store,

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