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1

Shamekh, Sara, Caroline Muller, Jean-Philippe Duvel, and Fabio D’Andrea. "How Do Ocean Warm Anomalies Favor the Aggregation of Deep Convective Clouds?" Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 11 (2020): 3733–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0369.1.

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AbstractWe investigate the role of a warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly (hot spot of typically 3 to 5 K) on the aggregation of convection using cloud-resolving simulations in a nonrotating framework. It is well known that SST gradients can spatially organize convection. Even with uniform SST, the spontaneous self-aggregation of convection is possible above a critical SST (here 295 K), arising mainly from radiative feedbacks. We investigate how a circular hot spot helps organize convection, and how self-aggregation feedbacks modulate this organization. The hot spot significantly acceler
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2

Jung, Hyunju, Ann Kristin Naumann, and Bjorn Stevens. "Convective self–aggregation in a mean flow." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 13 (2021): 10337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10337-2021.

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Abstract. Convective self-aggregation is an atmospheric phenomenon seen in numerical simulations in a radiative convective equilibrium framework thought to be informative of some aspects of the behavior of real-world convection in the deep tropics. We impose a background mean wind flow on convection-permitting simulations through the surface flux calculation in an effort to understand how the asymmetry imposed by a mean wind influences the propagation of aggregated structures in convection. The simulations show that, with imposing mean flow, the organized convective system propagates in the di
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3

Bretherton, Christopher S., Peter N. Blossey, and Marat Khairoutdinov. "An Energy-Balance Analysis of Deep Convective Self-Aggregation above Uniform SST." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 62, no. 12 (2005): 4273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3614.1.

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Abstract The spatial organization of deep moist convection in radiative–convective equilibrium over a constant sea surface temperature is studied. A 100-day simulation is performed with a three-dimensional cloud-resolving model over a (576 km)2 domain with no ambient rotation and no mean wind. The convection self-aggregates within 10 days into quasi-stationary mesoscale patches of dry, subsiding and moist, rainy air columns. The patches ultimately merge into a single intensely convecting moist patch surrounded by a broad region of very dry subsiding air. The self-aggregation is analyzed as an
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4

Tobin, Isabelle, Sandrine Bony, and Remy Roca. "Observational Evidence for Relationships between the Degree of Aggregation of Deep Convection, Water Vapor, Surface Fluxes, and Radiation." Journal of Climate 25, no. 20 (2012): 6885–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00258.1.

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Abstract Tropical deep convection exhibits complex organization over a wide range of scales. This study investigates the relationships between the spatial organization of deep convection and the large-scale atmospheric state. By using several satellite datasets and reanalyses, and by defining a simple diagnostic of convective aggregation, relationships between the degree of convective aggregation and the amount of water vapor, turbulent surface fluxes, and radiation are highlighted above tropical oceans. When deep convection is more aggregated, the middle and upper troposphere are drier in the
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Schulz, Hauke, and Bjorn Stevens. "Observing the Tropical Atmosphere in Moisture Space." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 10 (2018): 3313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0375.1.

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Measurements from the Barbados Cloud Observatory are analyzed to identify the processes influencing the distribution of moist static energy and the large-scale organization of tropical convection. Five years of water vapor and cloud profiles from a Raman lidar and cloud radar are composed to construct the structure of the observed atmosphere in moisture space. The large-scale structure of the atmosphere is similar to that now familiar from idealized studies of convective self-aggregation, with shallow clouds prevailing over a moist marine layer in regions of low-rank humidity, and deep convect
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6

Warren, P. B., R. C. Ball, and A. Boelle. "Convection-Limited Aggregation." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 29, no. 4 (1995): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/29/4/012.

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7

Li, Bo-Wei, Min-Cheng Zhong, and Feng Ji. "Laser Induced Aggregation of Light Absorbing Particles by Marangoni Convection." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (2020): 7795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217795.

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Laser induced Marangoni convection can be used to accumulate micro-particles. In this paper, a method is developed to control and accumulate the light absorbing particles dispersed in a thin solution layer. The particles are irradiated by a focused laser beam. Due to the photothermal effect of the particles, the laser heating generates a thermal gradient and induces a convective flow around the laser’s heating center. The convective flow drives the particles to accumulate and form a particle aggregate close to the laser’s heating center. The motion of particles is dominated by the Marangoni co
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8

Muller, Caroline J., and Isaac M. Held. "Detailed Investigation of the Self-Aggregation of Convection in Cloud-Resolving Simulations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 8 (2012): 2551–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0257.1.

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Abstract In models of radiative–convective equilibrium it is known that convection can spontaneously aggregate into one single localized moist region if the domain is large enough. The large changes in the mean climate state and radiative fluxes accompanying this self-aggregation raise questions as to what simulations at lower resolutions with parameterized convection, in similar homogeneous geometries, should be expected to produce to be considered successful in mimicking a cloud-resolving model. The authors investigate this self-aggregation in a nonrotating, three-dimensional cloud-resolving
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9

Windmiller, Julia M., and George C. Craig. "Universality in the Spatial Evolution of Self-Aggregation of Tropical Convection." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, no. 6 (2019): 1677–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0129.1.

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Abstract Self-aggregation in numerical simulations of tropical convection is described by an upscale growth and intensification of dry and moist regions. Previous work has focused on determining the relevant mechanism that induces moist regions to get moister and dry regions to get drier. Though different mechanisms have been identified, the spatial evolution of self-aggregation is remarkably universal. The first part of this study shows that different mechanisms can lead to a similar evolution of self-aggregation, if self-aggregation is described by a phase separation of moist and dry regions
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10

Boos, William R., Alexey Fedorov, and Les Muir. "Convective Self-Aggregation and Tropical Cyclogenesis under the Hypohydrostatic Rescaling." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 2 (2016): 525–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0049.1.

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Abstract The behavior of rotating and nonrotating aggregated convection is examined at various horizontal resolutions using the hypohydrostatic, or reduced acceleration in the vertical (RAVE), rescaling. This modification of the equations of motion reduces the scale separation between convective- and larger-scale motions, enabling the simultaneous and explicit representation of both types of flow in a single model without convective parameterization. Without the RAVE rescaling, a dry bias develops when simulations of nonrotating radiative–convective equilibrium are integrated at coarse resolut
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11

Yang, Bolei, and Zhe-Min Tan. "The Initiation of Dry Patches in Cloud-Resolving Convective Self-Aggregation Simulations: Boundary Layer Dry-Subsidence Feedback." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 12 (2020): 4129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-20-0133.1.

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AbstractSelf-aggregation of convection can be considered as the simultaneous occurrence of dry patch initiation/amplification and wet patch contraction/intensification from initially uniform moisture and temperature fields. As the twin of wet patches, dry patches play an important role in moisture and energy balance during convective self-aggregation. In this study, the WRF Model is used to study the initiation of dry patches in convective self-aggregation, especially the continuous drying in their boundary layer (BL). In the dry patch BL, increased air density leads to an enhanced high pressu
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12

Groot, Edward, Patrick Kuntze, Annette Miltenberger, and Holger Tost. "Divergent convective outflow in ICON deep-convection-permitting and parameterised deep convection simulations." Weather and Climate Dynamics 5, no. 2 (2024): 779–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-779-2024.

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Abstract. Upper-tropospheric deep convective outflows during an event on 10–11 June 2019 over central Europe are analysed in ensembles of the operational Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) numerical weather prediction model. Both a parameterised and an explicit representation of deep convective systems is studied. Near-linear response of deep convective outflow strength to net latent heating is found for parameterised convection, while different but physically coherent patterns of outflow variability are found in convection-permitting simulations at 1 km horizontal grid spacing. We investigate
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13

Wing, Allison A., Kevin A. Reed, Masaki Satoh, Bjorn Stevens, Sandrine Bony, and Tomoki Ohno. "Radiative–convective equilibrium model intercomparison project." Geoscientific Model Development 11, no. 2 (2018): 793–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-793-2018.

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Abstract. RCEMIP, an intercomparison of multiple types of models configured in radiative–convective equilibrium (RCE), is proposed. RCE is an idealization of the climate system in which there is a balance between radiative cooling of the atmosphere and heating by convection. The scientific objectives of RCEMIP are three-fold. First, clouds and climate sensitivity will be investigated in the RCE setting. This includes determining how cloud fraction changes with warming and the role of self-aggregation of convection in climate sensitivity. Second, RCEMIP will quantify the dependence of the degre
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14

Zhu, Shichao, Xueliang Guo, Guangxian Lu, and Lijun Guo. "Ice Crystal Habits and Growth Processes in Stratiform Clouds with Embedded Convection Examined through Aircraft Observation in Northern China." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 5 (2015): 2011–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0194.1.

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Abstract Ice crystal habits and growth processes in two cases of stratiform clouds with embedded convection are investigated using data observed simultaneously from three aircraft on 18 April 2009 and 1 May 2009 as part of the Beijing Cloud Experiment (BCE). The results show that the majority of ice crystal habits found in the two cases at temperatures between 0° and −16°C included platelike, needle column, capped column, dendrite, and irregular. A mixture of several ice crystal habits was identified in all of the clouds studied. However, the ice crystals recorded in the embedded convection re
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15

Muller, Caroline J., and David M. Romps. "Acceleration of tropical cyclogenesis by self-aggregation feedbacks." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 12 (2018): 2930–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719967115.

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Idealized simulations of tropical moist convection have revealed that clouds can spontaneously clump together in a process called self-aggregation. This results in a state where a moist cloudy region with intense deep convection is surrounded by extremely dry subsiding air devoid of deep convection. Because of the idealized settings of the simulations where it was discovered, the relevance of self-aggregation to the real world is still debated. Here, we show that self-aggregation feedbacks play a leading-order role in the spontaneous genesis of tropical cyclones in cloud-resolving simulations.
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16

Stein, T. H. M., C. E. Holloway, I. Tobin, and S. Bony. "Observed Relationships between Cloud Vertical Structure and Convective Aggregation over Tropical Ocean." Journal of Climate 30, no. 6 (2017): 2187–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0125.1.

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Abstract Using the satellite-infrared-based Simple Convective Aggregation Index (SCAI) to determine the degree of aggregation, 5 years of CloudSat–CALIPSO cloud profiles are composited at a spatial scale of 10 degrees to study the relationship between cloud vertical structure and aggregation. For a given large-scale vertical motion and domain-averaged precipitation rate, there is a large decrease in anvil cloud (and in cloudiness as a whole) and an increase in clear sky and low cloud as aggregation increases. The changes in thick anvil cloud are proportional to the changes in total areal cover
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17

Wing, Allison A., Levi G. Silvers, and Kevin A. Reed. "RCEMIP-II: mock-Walker simulations as phase II of the radiative–convective equilibrium model intercomparison project." Geoscientific Model Development 17, no. 16 (2024): 6195–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-6195-2024.

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Abstract. The radiative–convective equilibrium (RCE) model intercomparison project (RCEMIP) leveraged the simplicity of RCE to focus attention on moist convective processes and their interactions with radiation and circulation across a wide range of model types including cloud-resolving models (CRMs), general circulation models (GCMs), single-column models, global cloud-resolving models, and large-eddy simulations. While several robust results emerged across the spectrum of models that participated in the first phase of RCEMIP (RCEMIP-I), two points that stand out are (1) the strikingly large
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18

Ruppert, James H., and Cathy Hohenegger. "Diurnal Circulation Adjustment and Organized Deep Convection." Journal of Climate 31, no. 12 (2018): 4899–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0693.1.

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This study investigates the diurnal cycle of tropical organized deep convection and the feedback in large-scale circulation. By considering gravity wave phase speeds, we find that the circulation adjustment into weak temperature gradient (WTG) balance occurs rapidly (<6 h) relative to diurnal diabatic forcing on the spatial scales typical of organized convection (≤500 km). Convection-permitting numerical simulations of self-aggregation in diurnal radiative–convective equilibrium (RCE) are conducted to explore this further. These simulations depict a pronounced diurnal cycle of circulation l
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19

Wing, Allison A., Suzana J. Camargo, and Adam H. Sobel. "Role of Radiative–Convective Feedbacks in Spontaneous Tropical Cyclogenesis in Idealized Numerical Simulations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 7 (2016): 2633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0380.1.

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Abstract The authors perform 3D cloud-resolving simulations of radiative–convective equilibrium (RCE) in a rotating framework, with interactive radiation and surface fluxes and fixed sea surface temperature. A tropical cyclone is allowed to develop spontaneously from a homogeneous environment, rather than initializing the circulation with a weak vortex or moist bubble (as is often done in numerical simulations of tropical cyclones). The resulting tropical cyclogenesis is compared to the self-aggregation of convection that occurs in nonrotating RCE simulations. The feedbacks leading to cyclogen
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20

Emanuel, Kerry. "Inferences from Simple Models of Slow, Convectively Coupled Processes." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, no. 1 (2019): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0090.1.

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Abstract A framework for conceptual understanding of slow, convectively coupled disturbances is developed and applied to several canonical tropical problems, including the water vapor content of an atmosphere in radiative–convective equilibrium, the relationship between convective precipitation and column water vapor, Walker-like circulations, self-aggregation of convection, and the Madden–Julian oscillation. The framework is a synthesis of previous work that developed four key approximations: boundary layer energy quasi equilibrium, conservation of free-tropospheric moist and dry static energ
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21

Notay, Yvan. "Aggregation-Based Algebraic Multigrid for Convection-Diffusion Equations." SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 34, no. 4 (2012): A2288—A2316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/110835347.

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22

Wing, Allison A., and Timothy W. Cronin. "Self-aggregation of convection in long channel geometry." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 142, no. 694 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.2628.

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23

Fang, Juan, and Fuqing Zhang. "Contribution of Tropical Waves to the Formation of Supertyphoon Megi (2010)." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 11 (2016): 4387–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0179.1.

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Abstract Through observational analysis and numerical simulations, this study examines the roles of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and tropical waves in the three-stage formation of Supertyphoon Megi (2010) including 1) convective bursts followed by vorticity aggregation, 2) vortex rearrangement during decaying convection, and 3) convective reinvigoration and vortex intensification. The MJO was responsible for preconditioning the large-scale circulation and low-level moisture favorable for convection during all stages, while the counterpropagating Kelvin and equatorial Rossby (ER) waves b
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24

Pickles, D. M., D. Ogston, and A. G. MacDonald. "Effects of gas bubbling and other forms of convection on platelets in vitro." Journal of Applied Physiology 67, no. 3 (1989): 1250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.3.1250.

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Citrated platelet-rich human plasma was subjected to one of three experimental treatments at 37 degrees C for 15 min: stirring, bubbling (with stirring), and gentle agitation achieved by a rocking motion. The last two were “equiconvective” as judged by equilibration rates with CO2 and O2 but presumably differed in the shear stress they imposed on the cells. Stirring platelets in normal air or 5% CO2-air caused no significant aggregation. Bubbling air through platelet-rich plasma increased its pH and marked aggregation occurred. Bubbling CO2-air caused the platelet-rich plasma pH to attain its
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25

UEDA, Tadao, Kakuji OGAWARA, and Souichi SAEKI. "Numerical Study on Particle Aggregation Caused by Natural Convection." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 68, no. 674 (2002): 2735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.68.2735.

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26

Pauluis, O., and J. Schumacher. "Self-aggregation of clouds in conditionally unstable moist convection." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, no. 31 (2011): 12623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1102339108.

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27

Teschke, O., M. U. Kleinke, and M. A. Tenan. "Surface tension-induced convection as a particle aggregation mechanism." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 151, no. 2 (1992): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(92)90495-8.

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28

Misyura, S. Y., A. V. Bilsky, O. A. Gobyzov, M. N. Ryabov, and V. S. Morozov. "Convection in an evaporating drop of aqueous solution at a high concentration of microscopic particles." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2057, no. 1 (2021): 012100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2057/1/012100.

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Abstract This article presents the performed experimental studies on the effect of the concentration of microparticles on free convection in a water drop located on a heated smooth and textured wall surface. It is shown that at a high concentration of particles, their aggregation and deposition take place on the wall and on the free surface of droplet. As a result, the average convection velocity in the droplet decreases significantly. Suppression of convection is important to consider when simulating heat transfer and droplet evaporation. The results obtained are important for technologies th
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29

Dias, Juliana, Stefan N. Tulich, and George N. Kiladis. "An Object-Based Approach to Assessing the Organization of Tropical Convection." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 8 (2012): 2488–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0293.1.

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Abstract The organization of tropical convection is assessed through an object-based analysis of satellite brightness temperature data Tb, a proxy for convective activity. The analysis involves the detection of contiguous cloud regions (CCRs) in the three-dimensional space of latitude, longitude, and time where Tb falls below a given threshold. A range of thresholds is considered and only CCRs that satisfy a minimum size constraint are retained in the analysis. Various statistical properties of CCRs are documented including their zonal speed of propagation, which is estimated using a Radon tra
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30

Загидуллин, Р. Р. "Construction of a three-dimensional modelof the convection of aggregating particles." Numerical Methods and Programming (Vychislitel'nye Metody i Programmirovanie) 24, no. 4 (2023): 430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26089/nummet.v24r429.

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Рассматриваются технические аспекты, связанные с моделированием процессов агрегации в неоднородной среде в условиях неустоявшихся скоростей. Для учета агрегации в модель добавлены операторы Смолуховского. Пространственная неоднородность моделируется операторами переноса и диффузии. Поле скоростей получено с помощью фреймворка для моделирования гидродинамических систем OpenFOAM. This paper discusses technical aspects related to modeling aggregation processes in a heterogeneous medium with unsteady velocities. Smoluchowski operators are added to the model to account for aggregation. Spatial hete
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31

Bony, Sandrine, Bjorn Stevens, David Coppin, et al. "Thermodynamic control of anvil cloud amount." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 32 (2016): 8927–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1601472113.

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General circulation models show that as the surface temperature increases, the convective anvil clouds shrink. By analyzing radiative–convective equilibrium simulations, we show that this behavior is rooted in basic energetic and thermodynamic properties of the atmosphere: As the climate warms, the clouds rise and remain at nearly the same temperature, but find themselves in a more stable atmosphere; this enhanced stability reduces the convective outflow in the upper troposphere and decreases the anvil cloud fraction. By warming the troposphere and increasing the upper-tropospheric stability,
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32

Wing, Allison A. "Self-Aggregation of Deep Convection and its Implications for Climate." Current Climate Change Reports 5, no. 1 (2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00120-3.

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33

Laurenzi, Ian J., and Scott L. Diamond. "Bidisperse Aggregation and Gel Formation via Simultaneous Convection and Diffusion." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 41, no. 3 (2002): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie010197j.

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Jing, Xiaoqin, and Bart Geerts. "Dual-Polarization Radar Data Analysis of the Impact of Ground-Based Glaciogenic Seeding on Winter Orographic Clouds. Part II: Convective Clouds." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 54, no. 10 (2015): 2099–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-15-0056.1.

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AbstractThis second paper of a two-part series aims to explore the ground-based glaciogenic seeding impact on wintertime orographic clouds using an X-band dual-polarization radar. It focuses on three cases with shallow to moderately deep orographic convection that were observed in January–February of 2012 as part of the AgI Seeding Cloud Impact Investigation (ASCII) project over the Sierra Madre in Wyoming. In each of the storms the bulk upstream Froude number exceeded 1, suggesting unblocked flow. Low-level potential instability was present, explaining orographic convection. The clouds contai
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Davis, Christopher A. "The Formation of Moist Vortices and Tropical Cyclones in Idealized Simulations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 9 (2015): 3499–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0027.1.

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Abstract The upscale aggregation of convection is used to understand the emergence of rotating, coherent midtropospheric structures and the subsequent process of tropical cyclone formation. The Cloud Model, version 1 (CM1), is integrated on an f plane with uniform sea surface temperature (SST) and prescribed uniform background flow. Deep convection is maintained by surface fluxes from an ocean with uniform surface temperature. Convection begins to organize simultaneously into moist and dry midtropospheric patches after 10 days. After 20 days, the patches begin to rotate on relatively small sca
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36

Khairoutdinov, Marat F., and Kerry Emanuel. "Intraseasonal Variability in a Cloud-Permitting Near-Global Equatorial Aquaplanet Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 12 (2018): 4337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0152.1.

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Abstract Recent studies have suggested that the Madden–Julian oscillation is a result of an instability driven mainly by cloud–radiation feedbacks, similar in character to self-aggregation of convection in nonrotating, cloud-permitting simulations of radiative–convective equilibrium (RCE). Here we bolster that inference by simulating radiative–convective equilibrium states on a rotating sphere with constant sea surface temperature, using the cloud-permitting System for Atmospheric Modeling (SAM) with 20-km grid spacing and extending to walls at 46° latitude in each hemisphere. Mechanism-denial
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Davison, Matthew, and Peter Haynes. "A simple model linking radiative–convective instability, convective aggregation and large-scale dynamics." Weather and Climate Dynamics 5, no. 3 (2024): 1153–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1153-2024.

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Abstract. A simple model is presented which is designed to analyse the relation between the phenomenon of convective aggregation at small scales and larger-scale variability that results from coupling between dynamics and moisture in the tropical atmosphere. The model is based on single-layer dynamical equations coupled to a moisture equation to represent the dynamical effects of latent heating and radiative heating. The moisture variable q evolves through the effect of horizontal convergence, nonlinear horizontal advection and diffusion. Following previous work, the coupling between moisture
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38

Gurnis, Michael. "Large-scale mantle convection and the aggregation and dispersal of supercontinents." Nature 332, no. 6166 (1988): 695–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/332695a0.

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Nagatani, Takashi. "Convection effect on the diffusion-limited-aggregation fractal: Renormalization-group approach." Physical Review A 37, no. 11 (1988): 4461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.37.4461.

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40

Bretherton, C. S., and P. N. Blossey. "Understanding Mesoscale Aggregation of Shallow Cumulus Convection Using Large‐Eddy Simulation." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 9, no. 8 (2017): 2798–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017ms000981.

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41

Pritchard, Michael S., and Da Yang. "Response of the Superparameterized Madden–Julian Oscillation to Extreme Climate and Basic-State Variation Challenges a Moisture Mode View." Journal of Climate 29, no. 13 (2016): 4995–5008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0790.1.

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Abstract The climate sensitivity of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is measured across a broad range of temperatures (1°–35°C) using a convection-permitting global climate model with homogenous sea surface temperatures. An MJO-like signal is found to be resilient in all simulations. These results are used to investigate two ideas related to the modern “moisture mode” view of MJO dynamics. The first hypothesis is that the MJO has dynamics analogous to a form of radiative convective self-aggregation in which longwave energy maintenance mechanisms shut down for SST ≪ 25°C. Inconsistent with t
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Rutherford, B., G. Dangelmayr, and M. T. Montgomery. "Lagrangian coherent structures in tropical cyclone intensification." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 10 (2011): 28125–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-28125-2011.

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Abstract. Recent work has suggested that tropical cyclones intensify via a pathway of rotating deep moist convection in the presence of enhanced fluxes of moisture from the ocean. The rotating deep convective structures possessing enhanced cyclonic vorticity within their cores have been dubbed Vortical Hot Towers (VHTs). In general, the interaction between VHTs and the system-scale vortex, as well as the corresponding evolution of equivalent potential temperature θe that modulates the VHT activity, is a complex problem in moist helical turbulence. To better understand the structural aspects of
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VALENZUELA, J. F., and C. MONTEROLA. "CONVECTIVE FLOW-INDUCED SHORT TIMESCALE SEGREGATION IN A DILUTE BIDISPERSE PARTICLE SUSPENSION." International Journal of Modern Physics C 19, no. 12 (2008): 1829–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183108013278.

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We examine the segregation and mixing dynamics of a dilute bidisperse suspension of particles in a fluid subjected to a temperature gradient. Configurations corresponding to varying uniform bottom wall temperatures, as well as various bottom wall temperature profiles, are examined. Measures of spatial segregation and aggregation are discussed and used to analyze the suspension's dynamics. The results show that the difference in mass lead to transient segregation at short time scales, together with long-term intermixing and aggregation. Comparison of the segregation and aggregation among differ
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Lowman, Julian P., and Carl W. Gable. "Thermal evolution of the mantle following continental aggregation in 3D convection models." Geophysical Research Letters 26, no. 17 (1999): 2649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999gl008332.

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Wing, Allison A. "Author Correction: Self-Aggregation of Deep Convection and its Implications for Climate." Current Climate Change Reports 5, no. 3 (2019): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00139-6.

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Wing, Allison A., and Kerry A. Emanuel. "Physical mechanisms controlling self-aggregation of convection in idealized numerical modeling simulations." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 6, no. 1 (2014): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013ms000269.

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Singh, Shweta, and Norbert Kalthoff. "Process Studies of the Impact of Land-Surface Resolution on Convective Precipitation Based on High-Resolution ICON Simulations." Meteorology 1, no. 3 (2022): 254–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/meteorology1030017.

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This study investigated the relevant processes responsible for differences of convective precipitation caused by land-surface resolution. The simulations were performed with the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic model (ICON) with grid spacing of 156 m and Large Eddy Simulation physics. Regions of different orographic complexity, days with weak synoptic forcing and favourable convective conditions were selected. The resolution of land-surface properties (soil type, vegetation) and/or the orography was reduced from 156 to 5000 m. Analyses are based on backward trajectories (Lagrangian Analysis Tool (LA
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Lu, Xinyan, Kevin K. W. Cheung, and Yihong Duan. "Numerical Study on the Formation of Typhoon Ketsana (2003). Part I: Roles of the Mesoscale Convective Systems." Monthly Weather Review 140, no. 1 (2012): 100–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011mwr3649.1.

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Abstract The effects of multiple mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) on the formation of Typhoon Ketsana (2003) are analyzed in this study. Numerical simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with assimilation of Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) and Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) oceanic winds and total precipitable water are performed. The WRF model simulates well the large-scale features, the convective episodes associated with the MCSs and their periods of development, and the formation time and location of Ketsana. With the successive occurrence of MCSs, mid
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Rehman, Rabia, Hafiz Abdul Wahab, Nawa Alshammari, Umar Khan, and Ilyas Khan. "Aggregation Effects on Entropy Generation Analysis for Nanofluid Flow over a Wedge with Thermal Radiation: A Numerical Investigation." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (September 24, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3992590.

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The current study investigated the formation of entropy in a nanofluid flow in a wedge with thermal radiation and convective boundary conditions. Nanoparticle aggregation is also taken into consideration. The rate of heat transmission of a water-based aggregated fluid over a wedge has been investigated due to the effects of thermal radiation. A set of nonlinear differential equations governs the flow process, and these are numerically solved using a helpful approach called the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme. This method starts by breaking down the equations into a collection of first-order equati
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Fang, Juan, and Fuqing Zhang. "Initial Development and Genesis of Hurricane Dolly (2008)." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 67, no. 3 (2010): 655–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jas3115.1.

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Abstract Based on a successful cloud-resolving simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model, this study examines key processes that led to the early development of Hurricane Dolly (2008). The initial development of Dolly consisted of three stages: (i) an initial burst of convection; (ii) stratiform development, dry intrusion, and thermodynamic recovery; and (iii) reinvigoration of moist convection and rapid intensification. Advanced diagnosis of the simulation—including the use of vorticity budget analysis, contour frequency analysis diagrams, and two-dimensional spectral decompo
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