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Aguilar, Hector M. "Further validation of the Displaced Aggression Questionnaire." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585513.
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The predictive validity of the Displaced Aggression Questionnaire (DAQ) was studied by allowing participants to engage in both displaced and direct aggression. Participants were given the DAQ and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), assessments of trait displaced and direct aggression, respectively. Participants were then provoked and given the opportunity to engage in both direct and displaced aggression. Results indicated that both the DAQ and the AQ were positively correlated with both displaced and direct aggression. Furthermore, the type of aggression dependent measure (viz., physical versus verbal) did not moderate these effects. Finally, there was a significant negative correlation between the DAQ and the Differentiation of Self Questionnaire, which measures the process of separating from ones multigenerational family, indicating that higher levels of trait displaced aggression are associated with negative differentiation from one's family of origin. Implications for both predicting and reducing aggressive behavior are discussed.
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Helmersson, Stina. "Förekomsten av aggressionsnivå bland utövare i sporterna simning, thaiboxning och slalom." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28156.
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Purpose The purpose of the study was to investigate if the aggression levels differs between the sports swimming, thaiboxing and slalom skiing. There is no knowledge of aggression levels in these sports in a Swedish context. Method Quantitative method was used for data collection in the study and 66 questionnaires were distributed to men and women in swimming, thaiboxing and slalom skiing. A validated questionnaire, The Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), was translated into Swedish. The factors that were investigated in the questionnaire were verbal aggression, anger, hostility and physical aggression and the questionnaire included 29 statements. In total, 65 participants answered the questionnaire and the response rate was 98 %. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate differences in aggression levels, gender, age and sport. The age of the participants was divided into three categories, under 20, from 20-29 and over 30. Results The results showed that there were significant differences in aggression levels between the different sports. The aggression levels were highest in slalom and lowest in swimming. In addition, the results showed that there is a gender difference between women and men and men had higher aggression. In total, the men in slalom had the highest levels of aggression while the women in swimming had the lowest levels. The women in thaiboxing had the highest levels of aggression among all women. Finally, the results showed that the aggression levels were lowest among those over 30 years. Conclusions This study shows that there are differences in aggression levels among sports swimming, thaiboxing and slalom, and that there are gender differences. Men in slalom skiing had the highest levels of aggression while the women in swimming had the lowest. The conclusion is that in sports with high level of aggression it is beneficial to discuss and learn how to deal with the aggression.Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om aggressionsnivån skiljer sig mellan de olika sporterna simning, thaiboxning och slalom. Det saknas kunskap om aggressionsnivåer i dessa sporter i en svensk kontext. Metod Kvantitativ metod användes för datainsamling i denna studie och 66 enkäter delades ut till aktiva kvinnor och män i sporterna simning, thaiboxning och slalom. En validerad enkät, The Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), användes översatt till svenska. De olika faktorer som undersöktes i enkäten var verbal aggression, ilska, fientlighet och fysisk aggression. Sextiofem deltagare besvarade enkäten och svarsfrekvensen i studien var 98%. Deskriptiv statistik användes för att undersöka skillnader i aggressionsnivåer, kön, ålder och sport. Deltagarna delades upp i tre ålderskategorier, yngre än 20, mellan 20 - 29 och över 30 år. Resultat Resultaten visade att det finns signifikanta skillnader i aggressionsnivå mellan de olika sporterna. Aggressionsnivåer var högst bland slalomåkare och lägst i sporten simning. Dessutom visade resultaten att det är skillnad mellan kvinnor och män och män hade högre aggression. De slalomåkande männen hade högst i sammanlagda poäng medan kvinnorna i simning hade lägst. Thaiboxande kvinnor hade högst bland kvinnorna i den sammanlagda poängen. Avslutningsvis visade studien att personer över 30 år hade lägre aggressionsnivå än yngre. Slutsatser Studien visar att det fanns skillnader i aggressionsnivå mellan utövare i thaiboxning, slalom och simning. Männen i slalom skattade högst i alla aspekter som mätte aggression förutom fientlighet medan kvinnorna i simning skattade lägst. Slutsatser som dras är att i de sporter där det är hög aggressionsnivå kan det vara bra att jobba med sin ilska och lära sig att hantera den.
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Rebesco, Ariana P. "Constructing a Measure of Relational Aggression Using Rasch Analysis: The Young Adult Conflict Resolution and Aggression Questionnaire." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1321642691.
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Bevilacqua, Brittany M. "Relational aggression among middle school girls the development of a victimization questionnaire /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3199403.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Psychology, 2005.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-11, Section: A, page: 3924. Adviser: Thomas J. Huberty. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 10, 2006).
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Lee, Hye Joo. "Equivalence and faking issues of the aggression questionnaire and the conditional reasoning test for aggression in Korean and American samples." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47557.
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Researchers have raised concerns about measurement equivalence in comparing personalities across cultures using personality assessments. The self-reported personality measurements often do not assess the same construct, trigger different response styles (i.e., extreme response style), or use behavioral exemplars that are inappropriate across cultures (Byrne&Watkins, 2003; Chen, 2008; Poortinga, van de Vijber,&van Hermert, 2002, van de Vijver&Leung, 1997). James et al. (2005) developed a new measurement system for aggression that is different from traditional personality assessment. It is referred to as the Conditional Reasoning Test for Aggression (CRT-A). The CRT-A is an indirect measure for assessing unconscious motives to be aggressive that was developed in the USA. It has not been studied with people from different cultures. Study 1 investigated the equivalences of the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) and the CRT-A by administering both to groups of Americans (n=432) and Koreans (n=363). Results based on the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and DIF analyses showed that the AQ and CRT-A are not invariant across these cultures. Study 2 replicated LeBreton et al.(2007) study regarding faking issues of the CRT-A with the Korean population. Study 2 found that on the CRT-A, Koreans were able to identify aggressive alternatives when they were told to do so, and Korean students and employees did not score differently on the CRT-A. Implications and future directions of the study are discussed herein.
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Eklöf, John. "Blir vi mer aggressiva av att spela våldsamma pc/tv-spel? : En kvantitativ enkätstudie." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-44547.
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En kvantitativ enkätstudie genomfördes för att undersöka samband mellan att spela våldsamma pc/tv-spel och aggressivitet. Urvalet bestod av tillgängliga respondenter på Facebook och GameReactors Facebooksida där enkäten delades. 123 stycken deltog i undersökningen varav 85 män och 38 kvinnor. För att undersöka deltagarnas spelvanor frågades hur ofta de spelar pc/tv-spel samt våldsamma spel och hur roligt de ansåg att våldsamma pc/tv-spel var. För att mäta deltagarnas aggressivitet användes testet Buss-Perry-Questionnaire som mäter aggression och fyra underskalor av aggression (fysisk aggression, verbal aggression, ilska och fientlighet). Spearmans korrelationstest användes för att undersöka samband mellan variablerna för att se om spelvanorna av våldsamma spel gav högre poäng på aggressivitet eller någon av de fyra underskalorna. Resultatet visade inga signifikanta samband mellan att spela våldsamma pc/tv-spel ofta och någon aggressionstyp. Samband fanns mellan att tycka det är roligt att spela våldsamma pc/tv-spel och verbal aggressivitet samt fysisk aggressivitet. Ett Mann Whitney U test visade skillnader mellan män och kvinnor då det gällde spelvanor och aggressivitet. Männen spelade våldsamma pc/tv-spel oftare, tyckte våldsamma pc/tv-spel var roligare, var mer fysiskt aggressiva och kvinnor var mer ilskna. Spearmans rangkorrelation visade ett negativt samband mellan ålder och att spela våldsamma pc/tv-spel ofta. De som var yngre ansåg dock inte att våldsamma spel var roligare än andra spel. Korrelationen visade inga signifikanta samband mellan ålder och aggression. Det visade sig alltså inte att de som var yngre var mer aggressiva. Slutsatsen som dras är att de som tycker om att spela våldsamma pc/tv-spel tenderar att vara mer verbalt aggressiva och fysiskt aggressiva. När det gäller frågan att spela våldsamma spel ofta är det oklart om speltiden påverkar aggressionen hos en person och mer forskning behövs på ämnet.A quantitative survey was carried out to investigate the connection between playing violent PC / video games and aggression. The sample consisted of respondents available on Facebook and Gamereactor's Facebook page where the survey was divided. 123 people participated in the survey, of which 85 men and 38 women. To explore participants' gaming habits they were asked how often they play the PC / video games and violent game and how funny they thought that violent PC / TV game was. Bus-Perry-Questionnaire where used to measure participants' aggressiveness which measures aggression and four subscales of aggression (physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility). Spearman's correlation test was used to examine the relationship between the variables to see if the gaming habits of violent games gave higher scores on aggression or any of the four sub-scales. The results showed no significant correlation between playing violent PC / video games often and any type of aggression. Correlation existed between thinking it is fun to play violent PC / video games and verbal aggression and physical aggression. The Mann Whitney U test showed differences between men and women when it came to gaming and aggression. Men played violent PC / video games more often, thought violent PC / video games were more fun, were more physically aggressive, and women were angrier. Spearman's rank correlation showed a negative correlation between age and playing violent PC / video games frequently. Those who were younger did not consider violent games as more fun than other games. The correlation showed no significant relationship between age and aggression. It appeared, therefore, that those who were younger were more aggressive. The conclusion is that those who enjoy playing violent PC / video games tend to be more verbal aggressive and physical aggressive. Regarding the question about playing violent games often is it unclear whether the playing time affects the aggression of a person and more research is needed on the topic.
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Graetz, Lynda Janette. "Cultural and sex differences in aggression : a comparison between Spanish, Japanese and South African students." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52176.
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Thesis (MA)- University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The primary aim of the study was to investigate cultural and sex differences on different dimensions of aggression as measured by the Expagg Questionnaire (Expagg) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ). Both inventories were administered to a sample (N=910) of students from Spain, Japan and South Africa. The results indicated that culture is indeed more predictive of aggression than sex. As expected, the study also revealed that it's influence is not uniform on all the dimensions of aggression investigated. The South African sample revealed the only significant sex difference on the Expagg. The males showed more distinct instrumental representations of aggression than the females, where aggression is seen as a means to reach a desired goal and thus as an effort to gain control. Inter-culturally the main finding was that the South African males and females held predominantly more expressive representations of aggression compared with the other cultures. This indicates that aggression is viewed as an expression of negative feelings and thus as a loss of control. On the Aggression Questionnaire only the South African and Spanish males reported more physical aggression than the females. Cross-culturally the most distinct finding was the overall lower levels of self-reported aggression of the South African females. A discussion of these significant results addressed social, cultural and political factors which may account for the differences. The study provided the prospect of an enhanced cross-cultural understanding of aggression.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die primêre doel van die studie was om kulturele en geslagsverskille te bepaal ten opsigte van verskillende dimensies van aggressie soos gemeet deur die Expagg Questionnaire (Expagg) en die Aggression Questionnaire (AQ). Die vraelyste is op 'n groep (N=910) studente van Spanje, Japan en Suid Afrika toegepas. Die resultate het getoon dat kultuur inderdaad 'n beter voorspeller van aggressie is as geslag. Die resultate het, soos verwag, aangedui dat die invloed van kultuur nie eenvormig inwerk op alle dimensies van aggressie nie. Die Suid-Afrikaanse groep het die enigste beduidende geslagsverskille getoon op die Expagg. Die mans se laer Espagg-tellings dui op instrumentele oortuigings ten opsigte van aggressie~ Aggressie word dus beskou as 'n poging om 'n verlangde doelwit te bereik en word ervaar as 'n poging om kontrole te verkry. Die vernaamste kruis-kulturele bevinding was dat die Suid-Afrikaanse groep beduidend hoër tellings as die ander kulture op die Expagg behaal het. Dit dui op ekspressiewe oortuigings ten opsigte van aggressie waar aggressie beskou word as die uitdrukking van negatiewe gevoelens en as 'n verlies van kontrole. Die Suid-Afrikaanse en Spaanse mans het hoër vlakke van fisiese aggressie as die vrouens op die Aggression Questionnaire behaal. Die mees uitstaande bevinding by die kruis-kulturele vergelyking was die algehele laer vlakke van selfgerapporteerde aggressie by die Suid-Afrikaanse vrouens. Die beduidende resultate is aan hand van sosiale, kulturele en politieke faktore bespreek. Die studie het In bydrae gelewer tot In beter kruis-kulturele begrip van aggressie.
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Holtmann, Martin, Andreas Becker, Tobias Banaschewski, Aribert Rothenberger, and Veit Rößner. "Psychometric Validity of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Dysregulation Profile." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-134171.
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Background: In many severely mentally disordered children, the clinical presentation is complicated by comorbid affective and behavioral dysregulation. Recently, a highly heritable behavioral phenotype of simultaneous deviance on the anxious/depressed, attention problems, and aggressive behavior syndrome scales has been identified on the Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP). The aim of the present pilot study was to determine an equivalent to the CBCL-DP using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Sampling and Methods: We applied stepwise linear discriminant analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to data from 543 consecutively referred children and adolescents, aged 5–17 years. The CBCL and the SDQ were completed by parents as part of the diagnostic routine. ICD-10 discharge diagnoses were established in consensus conferences. Results: A combination of five SDQ items (SDQ-Dysregulation Profile, SDQ-DP) yielded the best discrimination of children with and without CBCL-DP and classified 81.0% of the subjects correctly leading to an area under the curve of 0.93. The content of the five SDQ-DP items mirrors well the mixed behavioral phenotype of anxious-depressive, aggressive and attention problems captured by the CBCL-DP. SDQ-DP status was highly correlated with CBCL-DP status and was best defined by a SDQ-DP score ≧5. Conclusions: The psychometric properties of the SDQ-DP have been robustly tested and validated. Based on these results, clinicians may use the SDQ-DP as a useful and economical screening measure to improve the assessment, prevention, and treatment of severe dysregulation in childhood and adolescence. Future investigations should study the longitudinal stability, heritability, and genetic associations of this behavioral phenotypeDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Holtmann, Martin, Andreas Becker, Tobias Banaschewski, Aribert Rothenberger, and Veit Rößner. "Psychometric Validity of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Dysregulation Profile." Karger, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27564.
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Background: In many severely mentally disordered children, the clinical presentation is complicated by comorbid affective and behavioral dysregulation. Recently, a highly heritable behavioral phenotype of simultaneous deviance on the anxious/depressed, attention problems, and aggressive behavior syndrome scales has been identified on the Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP). The aim of the present pilot study was to determine an equivalent to the CBCL-DP using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
Sampling and Methods: We applied stepwise linear discriminant analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to data from 543 consecutively referred children and adolescents, aged 5–17 years. The CBCL and the SDQ were completed by parents as part of the diagnostic routine. ICD-10 discharge diagnoses were established in consensus conferences.
Results: A combination of five SDQ items (SDQ-Dysregulation Profile, SDQ-DP) yielded the best discrimination of children with and without CBCL-DP and classified 81.0% of the subjects correctly leading to an area under the curve of 0.93. The content of the five SDQ-DP items mirrors well the mixed behavioral phenotype of anxious-depressive, aggressive and attention problems captured by the CBCL-DP. SDQ-DP status was highly correlated with CBCL-DP status and was best defined by a SDQ-DP score ≧5.
Conclusions: The psychometric properties of the SDQ-DP have been robustly tested and validated. Based on these results, clinicians may use the SDQ-DP as a useful and economical screening measure to improve the assessment, prevention, and treatment of severe dysregulation in childhood and adolescence. Future investigations should study the longitudinal stability, heritability, and genetic associations of this behavioral phenotype.Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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Bouchard, Julie. "Validation de la version française du Aggression Questionnaire auprès de deux échantillons : étudiants universitaires (étude 1) et adultes non-recrutés en milieu universitaire (étude 2) /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi ; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Thèse (M.Ps.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, programme en extension de l'Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007.La p. de t. porte en outre: Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi comme exigence partielle de la maîtrise en psychologie. CaQQUQ Bibliogr.: f. 81-87. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF.
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Anguiano, Carrasco Cristina. "Psychometric methods for controlling social desirability response bias in aggression questionnaires." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/101522.
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Faking is understood as a respondent’s active effort to distort his/her answers to create a positive image. Although the extensive existing literature, several questions are still unsolved. On one hand, virtually no attention has been paid to an issue considered by many authors as relevant, as is the impact of individual differences on faking. On the other hand, little has been done to examine the how highly undesirable personality measures, in our society, are impacted by faking. The present work aims to shed some light to these questions.
On the one hand, an indirect aggression questionnaire has been adapted. New psychometric procedures to assess the moment increments due to faking at trait level, for the group and individual levels were developed. The procedure also allows assessing the impact of individual differences on those increments.
Finally, the General Factor-Analytic Procedure was tested to contrast if controlling for social desirability on personality scores will efficiently control for faking. In addition, the impact of individual differences was assessed on the three main aggression traits: physical, verbal and indirect.Se entiende por falseamiento el esfuerzo activo del que responde al cuestionario para distorsionar sus respuestas creando así imagen más favorable de sí mismo. A pesar de la amplia literatura existente, muchas cuestiones quedan aún sin resolver. Por un lado, prácticamente no se ha prestado atención a un aspecto señalado por varios autores como relevante, como es el efecto que las diferencias individuales tienen en el falseamiento. Por otro lado, poco se ha hecho para examinar como el falseamiento afecta a medidas de personalidad altamente indeseables en nuestra sociedad. El presente trabajo pretende arrojar algo de luz sobre estas cuestiones. Por un lado, se ha adaptado un cuestionario de agresividad indirecta. También se han desarrollado nuevos procesos psicométricos que permiten calcular los incrementos momentáneos a nivel de rasgo debidos al falseamiento, tanto para el grupo como para el individuo y también permiten calcular el impacto que las diferencias individuales tienen en estos incrementos. Finalmente se ha contrastado si el procedimiento analítico factorial general (General Factor-AnalyticProcedure), que controla el impacto de la deseabilidad sociales sobre las puntuaciones de personalidad, es eficazpara controlar falseamiento. Además, se ha medido el impacto de las diferencias individuales en los tres principales rasgos de agresividad: física, verbal e indirecta.
S’entén per falsejament el esforç actiu de qui respon a un qüestionari per a distorsionar les respostes creant així una imatge més favorable de si mateix. Malgrat l’amplia literatura existent, moltes qüestions queden encara per resoldre. Per una banda pràcticament no s’ha parat atenció a un aspecteassenyalat per varis autors com a rellevant, com es l’efecte que les diferències individuals tenen en el falsejament. Per altra banda, poc s’ha fet per examinar com el falsejament afecta a mesures de personalitat altament indesitjables en la nostra societat. El present treball pretén donar una mica de llum a aquestes qüestions. Per una banda, s’ha adaptat un qüestionari d’agressivitat indirecta. També s’han desenvolupat nous procediment psicomètrics que permeten calcular els increments momentanis a nivell de tret deguts al falsejament, tant per al grup com per al individu i també permeten calcular l’impacte que les diferencies individualstenen en aquests increments. Finalment s’ha contrastat si el procediment analític factorial general (General Factor-AnalyticProcedure), que controla l’impacte de la desitjabilitat social sobre les puntuacions de personalitat, es eficaç per a controlar falsejament. A més a més, s’ha mesurat l’impacte de les diferències individuals en els tres principals trets d’agressivitat: física, verbal i indirecta.
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Gurda, Ajla. "Evaluating the psychometric properties of the aggressive driving behavior questionnaire (ADBQ)." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/389.
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A principal axis factor analysis with promax rotation yielded four factors, or joint variations between the 20 items, that were inter-correlated with eigenvalues greater than 1. The ADBQ was also found to have high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .86). The four factors were used to form four subscales of aggressive driving behavior that included anger/aggression, speeding/minor infractions, overt expression, and judgment of other drivers. The four subscales were found to correlate with self-reported biographical and driver history data, as well as, gender differences across scales. Additional analyses were conducted using data from the present sample from the University of Central Florida (N = 285) and the data from the previous study from Old Dominion University (N = 230) and Michigan Technological University (N = 265) for a combined sample of 780 undergraduate students. The findings in this present study provided additional support for the consistency, predictive validity, and factor structure of the ADBQ instrument. The Aggressive Driving Behavior Questionnaire proves to be a valuable measure in predicting the likelihood of a person engaging in aggressive driving behavior. The implications for driving behavior assessment, training, and instrument development are also discussed.; Over the past decade, aggressive driving behavior has become a topic of concern among the public, media, and researchers in the psychological community. Aggressive driving is a problematic pattern of social behavior that is not only a leading cause to motor vehicle accidents, but a serious threat to public safety. One instrument that has been developed to assess aggressive driving behavior is the Aggressive Driving Behavior Questionnaire (ADBQ). The ADBQ is a 20-item paper and pencil questionnaire intended to measure a driver's likelihood for engaging in aggressive driving behavior. The ADBQ was developed using a factor-analytic approach that combined five previously developed aggressive driving behavior scales (Brill, Mouloua & Shirkey, 2007). Of the 81 items of the five combined scales, nineteen latent variables were extracted and accounted for 67.4% of the explained variance for the observed responses. The final 20th item was developed by splitting one of the latent variables. A previous study, conducted at Old Dominion University (N = 230) and Michigan Technological University (N = 265), examined the ADBQ's factor structure and internal consistency, and found relatively high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .77) and the identification of six factors using a principal axis factor analysis (Brill & Mouloua, 2011). The ADBQ was also tested in a controlled laboratory environment and found significant evidence that suggest the ADBQ is a valid predictor of aggressive driving behavior in a simulated environment (Brill, Mouloua & Shirkey 2009). The purpose of the present study was to further investigate the psychometric properties of the ADBQ. Based on a sample of 285 undergraduates (170 women and 115 men) from the University of Central Florida, the study examined the internal consistency, predictive and construct validity, and factor structure of the new questionnaire.B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
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Kneip, Katharina. "A Novel Approach to Youth Crime Prevention: Mindfulness Meditation Classes in South African Townships." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-409489.
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Children growing up in poor areas with high crime rates are shown to easily get involved in violent actions and criminal gangs. In South Africa, despite considerable efforts to reduce youth delinquency, youth crime rates are still disturbingly high – specifically, in the townships of the Cape Flats. This paper points out an important aspect previously unaddressed by most youth crime prevention: the subconscious roots of youth crime. What if we could develop youth crime prevention programs that manage to impact the subconscious behavioral patterns of youth in high crime areas? This paper proposes a promising and cost-effective approach that has great potential to affect multipe causes of crime: mindfulness meditation. Built upon newest findings in Neuroscience, this paper suggests that mindfulness meditation classes are associated with a reduction in aggressive behavior, a risk factor for youth crime, and an increase in self-efficacy, a protective factor. The impact of mindfulness classes at a high school in Khayelitsha, a poor and violent-stricken township of Cape Town, is analyzed. Self-reported aggression and self-efficacy are measured via a psychometric survey questionnaire created from two well-tested and validated scales. Regression analyses of 384 survey answers provided mixed results. Whilst novice meditators were not associated with higher self-efficacy and lower aggression, long-term meditators performed better in several dimensions of self-efficacy and aggression, yet no significant relationship was found. Further research specifically needs to investigate the moderating effect of age (a proxy for psychological development) on meditation. This study aims to bridge the gap between the outdated paradigms of youth crime prevention and ancient wisdom via ground-breaking new evidence from the field of Neuroscience. This study furthermore hopes to point policy makers toward developing new, integrative and sustainable approaches to youth crime prevention – approaches that give back agency to our youth.Anders Westholm har inget med betygssättningen att göra annat än i rent formellt hänseende (examinator). Det är han som rapporterar in och skriver under men i sak är det seminarieledaren som har beslutet i sin hand. Statsvetenskapliga institutet har som princip att skilja på handledning och examination vilket innebär att handledaren inte får vara seminarieledare. Seminarieledare och personen som satt betygget var i det här fallet Sven Oskarsson: Sven.Oskarsson@statsvet.uu.se
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Freitas, Efigênia Aparecida Maciel de. "Freqüência de uso de bebidas alcoólicas em vítimas de causas externas atendidas no Hospital de clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2007. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/12878.
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Objective: To verify the frequency of alcoholic ingestion in victims of external causes
at the Hospital of Clinics from Uberlândia.
Methods: Blood alcohol content was determined in 85 patients of emergency room
(ER). A total of 301 in-patients were interviewed on alcoholic ingestion prior to
incidents. All ER and in-patients were submitted to the CAGE questionnaire. Also, 50
alcoholic patients and 50 no alcoholics attended at ambulatory level were interviewed
on trauma antecedents. Results: Blood alcohol content was positive in 31.8% ER
patients (85.2% were men and 70.4% required internment; p<0.05) and it was more
frequent (p<0.05) in physical aggression (57.2%) than fall (15.4%) victims, but not
compared to traffic victims (29.3%). Among in-patients, 29.9% had positive history of
alcoholic ingestion and physical aggressions (68.9%) were more frequent (p<0.01)
than traffic accidents (27.4%) or falls (15.2%). Among ER patients with positive blood
alcohol content and drinker in-patients, the occurrence of incidents was higher
(p<0.05) in the weekend (62.9% and 57,8%, respectively) and the night period
(59.2% and 63.4%, respectively), with positive CAGE in 81.5% ER patients and
82.3% in-patients. At ambulatory level, 93.1% alcoholic patients reported trauma
antecedents related to alcoholic ingestion compared to 9.1% no alcoholics (p<0.01).
Conclusions: A third of patient s ingested alcoholic drinks prior to incidents, and
among them, the most were chronic alcoholics. Incidents were more frequent in the
weekends and the night period, with lesions more severe. Among the ambulatory
patients, the alcoholics were the most frequently injured.Objetivos: Verificar a freqüência de ingestão alcoólica em vítimas de causas externas atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Métodos: Determinou-se alcoolemia em 85 pacientes no pronto socorro (PS) (TDx/TDxFLx-Etanol, Abbott) e entrevistou-se 301 internados sobre possível ingestão alcoólica previamente ao trauma; em ambos os locais aplicou-se o questionário CAGE. Nos ambulatórios, entrevistou-se cinquenta pacientes etilistas e cinquenta não etilistas sobre antecedentes de trauma. Resultados: A alcoolemia foi positiva em 31,8% dos pacientes no PS, destes 85,2% eram homens e 70,4% necessitaram internação (p<0,05). Proporcionalmente, alcoolemia positiva foi mais freqüente (p<0,05) entre as vítimas de agressão física (57,2%) do que as de queda (15,4%), mas não do que as de trânsito (29,3%). Nas enfermarias, 29,9% dos pacientes tinham história positiva de ingestão alcoólica, e nestes, a agressão física (68,9%) foi proporcionalmente mais freqüente (p<0,01) do que acidente de trânsito (27,4%) ou queda (15,2%). Entre os que tinham bebido, no PS e enfermarias, respectivamente, a ocorrência de incidentes foi maior (p<0,05) no final de semana (62,9 e 57,8%) e no período noturno (59,2% e 63,4%) e o CAGE foi positivo em 81,5% e 82,3%. Nos ambulatórios, 93,1% dos alcoolistas e 9,1% no grupo controle (p<0,01) relataram antecedentes de trauma relacionado à ingestão alcoólica. Conclusões: Um terço dos pacientes ingeriram bebidas alcoólicas previamente ao trauma e, entre eles, a maioria era etilista crônico, os incidentes foram mais freqüentes nos finais de semana, no período noturno e as lesões foram mais graves. Entre os pacientes dos ambulatórios, os etilistas se acidentaram mais freqüentemente.
Mestre em Ciências da Saúde
15
Van, Niekerk Helena Johanna. "Die benuttingswaarde van Gestaltspelterapie met die aggresiewe kind in sy middelkinderjare." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2533.
Full textAbstract:
Text in AfrikaansThe aim of this study was to determine the value of Gestalt Play Therapy with the aggressive child in middle childhood. Literature regarding the different etiological theories on aggression, as well as the physical, cognitive, emotional, social and moral development of the aggressive child in his middle childhood was explored. The main concepts in Gestalt Play Therapy were discussed, followed by an outline of an intervention programme with the aggressive child in middle childhood in order to set objectives and establish a structure for the case study. The empirical part of the study was divided into a qualitative component consisting of the case study and unstructured interviews with the parent and teacher of the participant, while the participant's level of aggression before and after intervention was determined quantitatively by means of the Aggression Questionnaire of Buss and Perry. Analysis of the results showed a reduction in the level of anger, verbal and physical aggression and hostility of the participant.
Social Work
M. Diac. (Spelterapie)
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Rangfeldt, Alexander. "Spel och aggressivitet : En jämförande kvantitativ enkätundersökning." Thesis, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71960.
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Studien ämnade att undersöka om det fanns en skillnade avseende aggressivitet hos personer som spelade det våldsamma skjutspelet Counter Strike: Global Offensive och personer som spelade det icke-våldsamma fotbollspelet FIFA17. Självskattad aggressivitet mättes genom att använda Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Deltagarna rekryterades genom facebookgrupper dedikerade till vardera spel och fick besvara en enkät om spelvanor och aggressivitet. Resultaten visade att det fanns en signifikant skillnad avseende ilska, där FIFA17-spelarna fick ett högre resultat. Det visades också att Counter Strike: Global Offensive-spelarna inte fick ett signifikant högre resultat än normpopulationen. Resultaten går emot mycket tidigare forskning som argumenterar för att upprepat spela våldsamma spel ger upphov till en ökad aggressivitet. Studien visar därmed att tidigare uppsatta teorier och modeller kanske inte är applicerbara på alla typer av spel, samt att det inte är våldet i ett spel som avgör huruvida spelarens aggressivitet förändras.The study’s goal was to examine if there was a difference in aggression between subjects who played the violent shooter game Counter Strike: Global Offensive and subjects who played the nonviolent soccer game FIFA17. Self-reported aggression was measured with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. The participants were recruited through Facebook groups dedicated to each game and answered a survey about gaming habits and aggression. The results showed that there was a significant difference in anger, where the FIFA17-players scored higher. It also showed that the Counter Strike: Global Offensive-players did not score higher than the norm values of the instrument. The results go against a lot of the earlier research, which has shown that repeatedly playing violent games leads to an increase in aggression. Through this, the study shows that the established theories and models might not be applicable to all types of games, and that it might not be the violence in a game that is the determining factor whether the player’s aggression is changed.
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Bouchard, Julie. "Validation de la version française du Aggression Questionnaire auprès de deux échantillons : étudiants universitaires (étude 1) et adultes non-recrutés en milieu universitaire (étude 2)." Thèse, 2007. http://constellation.uqac.ca/414/1/25024769.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
La présente étude avait pour but d'évaluer la validité de la version française du Aggression Questionnaire (AQ; Buss & Perry, 1992) réalisée par Côté et Lalumière (1999) auprès de deux échantillons : un échantillon d'étudiants universitaires (Étude 1) et un échantillon d'adultes non-recrutés en milieu universitaire (Étude 2). Aussi, la présente étude comporte deux études. L'étude 1 visait à vérifier la validité de la structure factorielle, la cohérence interne, la corrélation entre les échelles, la différence de moyenne entre les sexes, de même que la fidélité test-retest de la version française du AQ (Côté & Lalumière, 1999) auprès d'un échantillon d'étudiants universitaires. L'échantillon de l'Étude 1 est composé de 244 étudiants universitaires (69 hommes et 173 femmes) âgés de 19 à 67 ans (M= 24,30; ET = 7,11) inscrits à un cours de 1er cycle du Département des sciences de l'éducation et de psychologie de l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. Les participants ont répondu à la version française du AQ en groupe au début d'une période de cours à deux reprises à un intervalle de 6 semaines. Les résultats de l'analyse factorielle confirmatoire de type maximum de vraisemblance confirment la structure à quatre facteurs de la version originale de l'instrument auprès des étudiants universitaires. De même, les résultats indiquent une bonne cohérence interne de la version française du AQ (Côté & Lalumière, 1999) ainsi que des corrélations significatives entre toutes les échelles de l'instrument De plus, les résultats révèlent des différences significatives entre les hommes et les femmes aux facteurs Agression Physique, Agression Verbale et au Score total. En revanche, aucune différence significative entre les hommes et les femmes étudiants universitaires n'a été retrouvée aux facteurs Colère et Hostilité. Enfin, les résultats des corrélations test-retest indiquent une bonne stabilité temporelle de la version française du AQ (Côté & Lalumière, 1999) auprès des étudiants universitaires. L'Étude 2 visait à vérifier la validité de la structure factorielle, la cohérence interne, la corrélation entre les échelles, la différence de moyenne entre les sexes, de même que la validité de critère de la version française du AQ (Côté & Lalumière, 1999) auprès d'un échantillon d'adultes nonrecrutés en milieu universitaire. L'échantillon se compose de 161 adultes (76 hommes et 85 femmes) âgés de 18 à 75 ans (M= 38,35; ET- 14,22) recrutés via le Mouvement Retrouvailles, des annonces dans les journaux, sur les ondes de stations de radio, et par le biais d'annonces affichées dans différents milieux de la province de Québec. Les résultats de l'analyse factorielle confïrmatoire de type maximum de vraisemblance confirment la structure à quatre facteurs de la version originale du AQ auprès des adultes. De même, les résultats indiquent une bonne cohérence interne de la version française de l'instrument ainsi que des corrélations significatives entre toutes les échelles du AQ. Aussi, les résultats révèlent des différences significatives entre les hommes et les femmes de l'échantillon d'adultes aux facteurs Agression Physique, Agression Verbale et au Score total. Par ailleurs, aucune différence significative n'a été retrouvée aux facteurs Colère et Hostilité. Enfin, les résultats des corrélations entre les échelles et le score total du NEO-PI-R (Costa & McCrae, 1992), du Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathy Scale (CAP; Seto, Khattar, Lalumière, & Quinsey, 1997) et de l'adaptation papier-crayon du Questionnaire sur la délinquance de Leblanc (Côté & Lalumière, 1999c) révèlent une bonne validité de critère de la version française de F instrument auprès des adultes non-recrutés en milieu universitaire. La discussion présente quelques interprétations possibles des résultats obtenus ainsi que les perspectives de recherches ultérieures.
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KUBÍČEK, Petr. "Sociální sítě a sociální šikana." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-173092.
Full textAbstract:
In my thesis I have focused on the issue of social networks and (social) bullying at elementary schools. In the first part of my paper I summarize the theoretical background and provide an overview of findings and opinions published by experts in relation to the issue of bullying and cyber-bullying, while in the second part of my paper I analyze the results of a research performed with the use of an anonymous questionnaire at four (4) elementary schools in the South Bohemia Region (Jihočeský kraj). The schools involved in the research were: two (2) schools with less than 270 pupils in the Prachatice region, one school with more than 270 pupils in the town of Prachatice and one school with more than 270 pupils in the city of České Budějovice. The purpose of the questionnaire investigation was to collect information on the extent in which aggressive behavior and cyber-bullying appear among pupils attending the 5th through 9th grades of the elementary school (age range 11-15). In the final part of the thesis I provide an overview of the results obtained through the research with the use of a BPAQ questionnaire (BussPerry Aggression Questionnaire and aggressive acts).
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Muftic-Globisch, Hana-Vahida. "Exploring the relationship between personality traits, cyberbullying victimisation and coping styles among adults." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25119.
Full textAbstract:
Running title: Personality and cyberbullying victimisationIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 104-120)
The aim of this study was to gain insight into the relationship between personality and cyberbullying victimisation using a sample of 107 adult participants. The participants were found using the social media site Facebook in particular and assessed by means of the Big Five Inventory and a cyberbullying measure developed by the researcher. The study also explored the relationship between personality and coping behaviours using the COPE Inventory. The study findings indicate that neuroticism and cyberbullying victimisation are correlated, albeit weakly, with the largest correlation being between neuroticism and online impersonation and harassment. In addition, the study found a weak correlation between openness to experience and online impersonation. Coping and personality were moderately correlated; with neurotic individuals and victims of cyberbullying often resorting to maladaptive coping strategies. These results may suggest that there are other, more significant risk factors in the cyberbullying field that merit further exploration, while the relationships highlighted in the study also require further investigation.
Psychology
M.A. (Psychology)
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Richer, Isabelle. "L'usage de cannabis et l'insécurité routière : étude par questionnaires et observations sur simulateur de conduite." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6368.
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