Relevant bibliographies by topics / Agreement on Textile and Clothing

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Academic literature on the topic 'Agreement on Textile and Clothing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Agreement on Textile and Clothing"

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Manoj, Greeshma. "Export performance of Indian Textile Industry in the Post Multi Fibre Agreement Regime." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 13, no. 4 (2014): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.31.5.

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The Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) and the quota system which governed the international trade in textiles and clothing came to an end on 1st January, 2005. The quota systems were more restrictive against cotton based fibres, which dominate India’s textile exports. Since India has a natural comparative advantage in cotton and cotton based fibres, abolition of MFA was expected to benefit India’s cotton industry as well as cotton based textiles and clothing sectors. This paper analyses the export performance of Indian textile industry in the post quota regime in terms of different sub sectors of Indian textiles during the period from 1992 to 2012.The entire period of the study is divided into Pre MFA (1992-2004) and Post MFA (2005-2012). Export performance has been examined in terms of annual growth rate and Compound Annual Growth Rate for the period from 1992-2012. The study finds that the textile exports have registered a strong growth rate in the post quota period (2005-2006), increasing from 2.69% in 2004-2005 to 23.14% in 2005-2006. A comparison of the different sectors of the textile export shows that all the sectors recorded an increase in the export values at different phases of the quota removal. If we compare the pre MFA growth (III Phase) and Post MFA growth (IV Phase), there has been a remarkable improvement in the export performance of all the sub sectors. Biggest gainer in the post MFA period is manmade textiles followed by cotton textiles and readymade garments. But India was not able to continue the same momentum in the succeeding years. This clearly indicates that Indian textile industry is facing so many challenges in the post quota regime. Thus, it is imperative to improve the competitiveness of our exports through policy changes, new investment and efficient supply chain management. Keywords: Textiles and clothing, Quota removal, MFA, Export performance, Trend analysis.
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Manoj, Greeshma, and S. Muraleedharan. "Productivity of Indian Textile Industry in the Post Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) Regime." Asian Review of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (2019): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arss-2019.8.1.1507.

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The system of bilateral quotas which had governed the international trade in textiles and clothing under the Multi Fibre Agreement came to an end and has been replaced by the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) from January 1, 2005. The ATC provided for a progressive elimination of quota in four stages during the transitional period which ended on 2005. This study is an attempt to understand the impact of trade liberalization on the productivity of Indian textile industry. Estimation of labour productivity shows an improvement in the labour productivity during the post MFA period. Analysis of capital productivity reveals that average capital productivity was higher during the pre MFA period compared to post MFA period. Capital intensity estimate reveals that there has been an increase in the capital intensity for all product groups in the post MFA period compared to pre MFA.
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Latif, Rabia, and Attiya Yasmin Javid. "The Determinants of Pakistan Exports of Textile: An Integrated Demand and Supply Approach." Pakistan Development Review 55, no. 3 (2016): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v55i3pp.191-210.

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The determinants of demand and supply of textile and clothing exports of Pakistan are examined for seven major trading partners (US, UK, Canada, Italy, France, Japan and Spain) over the period 1972 to 2013. The simultaneous equation model is estimated by Generalised Method of Moment to handle simultaneous equation bias and for consistent and more precise estimates classical Empirical Bayes technique is applied. The results reveal that income of trading partners and devaluation policy has important and significant role in explaining exports performance of textile and clothing of Pakistan. As regards the supply side, the relative prices and capacity variable are important in determining the textile and clothing exports, however, the real wages have significant but small effect on textile and clothing exports supply. The removal of quantitative restrictions fails to provide incentives to the suppliers. The high income elasticity for the demand suggests that focus should be on raising the factors which can help in expansion of textile and clothing products in local market and marked countries. Keywords: Textile and Clothing Exports of Pakistan, Simultaneous Equations, Real Effective Exchange Rate, Agreement on Textile and Clothing
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ElGhouty, Amal. "Evaluating the Impact of QIZ Protocol on Egypt’s Textile and Clothing Sector." Archives of Business Research 8, no. 8 (2020): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.88.8960.

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Since the enforcement of the Qualified Industrial Zones (QIZ) protocol signed by Egypt in December 2004, the number of QIZ companies have steadily increased, reaching 1048 companies in 2019. Additionally, the QIZ textile and clothing exports have increased, as well as its percentage from Egypt’s total exports to the USA. The paper seeks to study and explore the conditions and circumstances that induced Egypt to sign the QIZ agreement. The paper will then review several previous studies on the impact of the agreement on the Egyptian textile and clothing sector. We will also review the trend of the number of QIZ companies. Additionally, in order to assess whether the QIZ protocol have a positive impact on the textile and apparel sector, we will evaluate the trends in the Egyptian textile and apparel exports to the USA and what percentage does these exports constitute from Egypt’s total exports.
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Tadesse, Melkie Getnet, R. Harpa, Y. Chen, L. Wang, V. Nierstrasz, and C. Loghin. "Assessing the comfort of functional fabrics for smart clothing using subjective evaluation." Journal of Industrial Textiles 48, no. 8 (2018): 1310–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083718764906.

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Sensory investigations of the functional textiles could be an alternative for the quality inspection and control of the products. The purpose of this research is to use subjective evaluation technique for assessing the tactile comfort of some functional textile fabrics based on AATCC Evaluation procedure 5-2011. Blind subjective evaluations and visual subjective evaluations were performed for sensory investigation. Ten fabric-skin-contact and comfort-related sensory properties were used to evaluate the handle of the functional textile fabrics. The reliability of the sensorial data obtained by subjective tests was evaluated using statistical data analysis techniques. A minimum and maximum consensus distances recorded were 0.58 and 1.61, respectively, using a descriptive sensory panel analysis and proves the consistency and similar sensorial perception between panelists. The Pearson correlation coefficient between panelists was up to 96% and hence a strong agreement between the panelist’s judgment. The results allowed to consider the subjective evaluation using a panel of experts could be validated in the case of functional fabrics. For functional textiles, additional visual subjective evaluation should be considered to have a similar human perception in addition to blind subjective evaluation.
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Cao, Li Jun, and Zhuang Zhou. "An Analysis on Competition and Cooperation of the Textile Clothing Industry after the Establishment of China, Japan, South Korea FTA." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 1462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.1462.

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The world economy at present has been affected by a world-wide growing price of raw-materials, increasing labor costs and trade barriers which occur frequently. China, Japan and South Korea are geographical neighbor that make close economic contacts. The three countries reached an agreement to set up a FTA to further advance their economic development. The textile and clothing industry as an important sector of our economy has caused the concern of many who are involved in this industry with issues regarding how it competes and cooperates with its partners in the FTA. This paper discusses the competition and cooperation of the textile industry after the establishment of the FTA and hopes to shed some light on the development of China's textile and clothing industry.
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Connolly, Katrina D. "Change, Challenge, and China: an Analysis of Competition in the North American Textile and Apparel Industries." Policy Perspectives 14, no. 1 (2007): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4079/pp.v14i1.4148.

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Media, manufacturers, and politicians are blaming China for intensified competition, downward pressure on prices and job loss in the U.S. manufacturing sector. A brief history of textile and apparel trade suggests that people over-reacted to a surge of Chinese imports in 2005 because of a historical focus on defining single countries as threats to domestic markets. Approaching trade policy from a broader perspective reveals that bilateral thinking overstates China as a threat. A broader approach studies how trade policies interact to create changes in market prices rather than a single country. To illustrate these effects, an economic analysis of the North American Free Trade Agreement first explains how this regional trade policy bolstered higher prices and demand for North American textile and apparel products. Economic models then explain how a global policy that liberalized trade, Agreement on Textiles and Clothing, undermined NAFTA's benefits and enhanced the competitive pressure perceived by these manufacturers. The article concludes that as one of many countries liberalized by the ATC, China plays a smaller role than the public assumes in diminishing NAFTA's benefits as perceived by North American textile and apparel manufacturers.
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Dikshit, J. R., P. C. Basak, and Kamal Vagrecha. "Impact of World Trade Organization on Indian Textile Industry." Global Journal of Enterprise Information System 7, no. 1 (2015): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/gjeis/2015/3033.

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<p>No country in the world is self-sufficient. Therefore, there is need to trade with others. Economy was protected from external competition due to licensing system and high level of tariff.</p><p>In early 1990's with the birth of World Trade Organization (WTO) India started the process of liberalization of trade. WTO's objective is to ensure new open world trading system to benefit consumers. The Most Favoured Nation clause of WTO was in clash with the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA), which placed quantitative restrictions on textile exporting countries. Hence MFA was gradually phased out by December 31, 2004.</p><p>The phasing out of Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) was expected to result in an increase in the growth of output, efficiency, productivity and competitiveness of the textile sector.</p><p>The impact of abolition of MFA is studied with regard to export of yarn, fabric, and garments during MFA and Post MFA period. It has been concluded from the observations that the export of textile intermediates (i.e. yarn and fabric) and textiles and clothing have increased substantially after the abolition of MFA.</p>
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Fox, Alan K., William Powers, and Ashley Winston. "Textile and Apparel Barriers and Rules of Origin: What's Left to Gain after the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing?" Journal of Economic Integration 23, no. 3 (2008): 656–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.2008.23.3.656.

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Agrawal, Tarun, and Rudrajeet Pal. "Traceability in Textile and Clothing Supply Chains: Classifying Implementation Factors and Information Sets via Delphi Study." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (2019): 1698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061698.

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The purpose of this study is twofold. First, to explore and classify factors influencing traceability implementation, and second, to cluster essential traceability-related information that demands recording and sharing with businesses and customers, in the context of the textile and clothing supply chain. A Delphi study is conducted with 23 experts (including research practitioners and industry experts) to explore, validate, and classify traceability factors and related information using distribution analyses and hierarchal clustering. As a result, 14 factors and 19 information sets are identified and classified with a moderately high agreement among the experts. Among these, risk management, product authentication, and visibility are the highest ranked and the most important factors influencing traceability implementation in the textile and clothing supply chain. While origin, composition, and sustainability-related information are crucial for sharing with customers, the information vital to businesses includes manufacturer/supplier details, product specifications, and composition. It is noteworthy that this research is among the few that classifies traceability factors and information through expert perspectives, and it creates decisive knowledge of traceability for the textile and clothing supply chain. It further provides insights on the extent to which this information can be shared among supply chain actors. Outcomes of this study can be helpful for the development of an information traceability framework. Policymakers can use the results to draft traceability guidelines/regulations, whilst top management can develop traceability-related strategies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agreement on Textile and Clothing"

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Ozturk, Baris. "Global Development Of Textile And Apparel Industry In The Aftermath Of Agreement On Textile And Clothing (1995)." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615123/index.pdf.

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With signing of Agreement on Textile and Clothing which entered into force in 1995, it was decided to abolish quantity limitations applied by the developed countries since the second half of 20th century. By this way, restrictions in the developed country markets against the developing countries would be lifted gradually in a ten year period and the liberalization in textile and clothing markets would be realized from 2005 onwards. This would provide smooth access to major markets for all the developing and least developed countries. However, China&rsquo<br>s accession to WTO in 2001 created a breakthrough in this assumption. Hereafter, China increased its shares in the developed countries&rsquo<br>markets at the expense of other developing countries. One of the matters wondered most during this period was how would the developing and least developed countries, that had quota-free entrance to the developed countries&rsquo<br>markets, perform against China. This study focuses on the export performances of developing and least developed countries, that have had preferential trade agreements with European Union and the United States of America, against China in those markets.
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Wang, Haiting. "The European Union's Trade Liberalization in the Textile and Clothing Sector (1995-2005) : Rhetoric or Reality?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-208909.

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A review on free trade principle in theory and practice suggests that trade liberalization is merely rhetoric under which industrialized countries can pursue specific interests of certain actors more deceptively. The purpose of this thesis is to testify whether this preliminary result on general trade issues is valid in the textile and clothing sector as well. The reasons for the author to narrow her research scope down to this industry are that: first, textiles and clothing had been subject to consistent trade protectionism for more than thirty years since the discriminatory Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) in 1974; second, the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) in 1995 was designed to remove all quota restrictions by 1st January 2005 via a ten-year transitional period; third, the European Union (EU) raised safeguard investigations within four months after the expiry of the agreement, and succeeded in re-introducing quantitative restraints back to this sector. The intense and dramatic Europe-China textile dispute in 2005 started from the completion of quota abolishment, but ended up with quota re-imposition, which inspires the author to ask whether the European Union’s trade liberalization in the textile and clothing sector is rhetoric or reality. The thesis examines the conventional stance of the Union’s textile and clothing policy, the actual fulfillment of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC), and the development of the Europe-China trade dispute on in 2005. In order to identify involved interest groups and their demands during the implementation of the agreement and in the dispute shortly afterwards, the thesis also analyzes: first, the interaction between protectionist lobbying groups and national governments at the Union’s level; and second, the divergence on the attitudes towards China’s expansion in the European market among member states.             Comparing the Union’s early promises in the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) with its actual behaviors during implementation and in dispute, the author finally concludes that the Union’s trade liberalization in the textile and clothing sector is merely rhetoric under which the European Union (EU) pursues the protectionist interests of its domestic textile and clothing producers and those member states with substantial textile and clothing industry.
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Semones, Marianne Rutledge. "Made in Vietnam American apparel and textile firms' operations in Vietnam /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1126294341.

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Glenn, Ann Richards. "Finished good sourcing decisions in the apparel industry after implementation of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1164740645.

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Qobo, Simon Z. T. "Assessing industrialisation in South Africa with special reference to textile and clothing trends during the 1990s." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52701.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As the wave of globalisation sweeps across the countries of the world, the economies of these countries are increasingly opening. The industrial and trade strategy approach is shifting to greater openness due to the pressures of international competitiveness. This means that domestic economic activity alone cannot sustain the national economy. One of the features of this openness is trade liberalisation. Trade between various countries is becoming more important as a way of earning foreign currency to address balance of payment problems and as well as to boost the domestic economy. This has great potential, in the long run, to generate employment opportunities. Immediately after South Africa ushered in a democratic dispensation in 1994 it had to contend with global pressure to liberalise its trade and put in place economic fundamentals that synchronize with the global economic order. The political economy of global trade structure is characterized by bargaining power inequalities amongst the developed countries (North) and the developing countries (South). Trade relations between the developed and developing countries has ~ element of power-play that advantage developed countries and the terms of trade are still skewed in favour of developed countries due to the power that developed countries wield in the global economic system. This study uses the structuralist development theoretical perspective (dependency theory) and the combination of qualitative and quantitative paradigms in understanding the trade relations between the developed countries. The study, through this theoretical paradigm, seeks to examine the degree of success or failure of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations in particular with regard to tariff reduction commitments, and opportunities or constraints created thereof. A case study oftextile and clothing industry will be used, and this will highlight some of the negative implications of the Uruguay Round commitments.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Namate die globaliseringsgolf oor die lande van die wereld spoel, word die ekonomiee van die lande meer toeganklik vir ander state. Die industriele en handelsstrategie benadering het, as gevolg van intemasionale mededinging, 'n klemverskuiwing na meer openheid meegebring. Dit het tot gevolg dat huishoudelike ekonomiese aktiwiteit nie alleen 'n ekonomie kan onderhou nie. Een van die kenmerke van hierdie openheid is die liberalisering van handel. Handel tussen state word toenemend belangrik vir die verdien van buitelandse valuta om betalingsbalans probleme aan te spreek, asook om plaaslike ekonomiee te stimuleer. Oor die lang termyn hou dit groot potensiaal in om werksgeleenthede te skep. Onmiddelik na demokratisering in 1994 was Suid-Afrika geforseer om sy handel te liberaliseer en sy ekonomiese grondslag te sinchroniseer met die globale ekonomiese orde, Die struktuur van die politieke ekonomie van intemasionale handel word gekenmerk deur ongelykhede tussen die ontwikkelde Noorde en die ontwikkelende lande van die Suide. Handelsbetrekkinge tussen ontwikkelde- en ontwikkelende lande bevat 'n element van magspel waarin eersgenoemde bevoordeel word. Hierdie studie maak gebruik van die strukturalistiese ontwikkelingsperspektief en 'n kombinasie van kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe paradigmas, ten einde 'n beter begrip te verkry van handel tussen ontwikkelde lande. Deur middel van die teoretiese paradigma, probeer die studie om die werkbaarheid van die Uruguay Ronde, spesifiek · met betrekking tot tarief verlagings en die geleenthede of beperkings wat daardeur geskep word, aan te toon. 'n Gevallestudie van die tekstiel en klerebedryf sal gebruik word om die negatiewe implikasies van die Uruguay Ronde te belig.
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Voldřichová, Jana. "Nástroje obchodní politiky uplatňované v mezinárodním obchodě s textilem." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16519.

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The goal of this thesis is to describe the most important trade policy instruments that have been used in international trade in textiles since the second half of the 20th century, and to deduce the implications of the instruments on the textile sector, mainly the European one. The thesis introduces the classification of instruments in the trade policy used in the international trade in textiles and economic consequences of chosen instruments; brief characteristics of evolution of international trade in textiles since the second half of the 20th century, change in localization and sector structure of the textiles and clothing industry and main trends in its evolution. There are described most important multilateral agreements concerning the trade in textiles: Short-Term Arrangement regarding International Trade in Cotton Textiles, Long-Term Arrangement regarding International Trade in Cotton Textiles, Multifibre Arrangement, Agreement on Textiles and Clothing and current trends in contractual instruments followed by autonomous instruments such as anti-dumping and anti-subsidy measures and particular cases. The thesis includes consequences of the instruments mentioned above. In the last chapter, the trends in the evolution of instruments are summarized and the reflection on possible solutions for the European, and thus also Czech textile and clothing industry, is mentioned.
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Amaral, Daniel Furlan. "Efeitos do fim do Acordo Multifibras sobre a produção e o emprego dos setores têxtil e de vestuário no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-10072008-154231/.

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A importância das indústrias têxtil e de vestuário é fundamentada nas suas elevadas capacidades de geração de empregos e renda, dada a sua característica de reduzida possibilidade de automatização dos seus processos produtivos, fato que ocorre principalmente na cadeia do vestuário. Além disso, os setores são responsáveis por uma parcela importante dos empregos menos qualificados em países desenvolvidos. Diante disso, as indústrias conseguiram receber um tratamento diferenciado, relativamente aos demais bens manufaturados, nas regras de liberalização comercial definidas no Acordo Geral de Tarifas e Comércio - GATT. O Acordo de Têxteis e Vestuário (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing - ATC) da Organização Mundial do Comércio, com vigência a partir de 1995, pôs início à eliminação gradual de quotas bilaterais de exportação existentes até a referida data durante um prazo de dez anos. Após 1º de janeiro de 2005, portanto, tal acordo completou seus objetivos, devendo o comércio internacional de produtos têxteis e de vestuário estar sob as demais regras de manufaturados do GATT 1994. Com a eliminação das barreiras quantitativas, os custos de exportação e, conseqüentemente, os seus preços de exportação, tiveram uma redução. Contudo, o fim do ATC pôs início a novas medidas protecionistas pelos setores, que passaram a sofrer concorrência direta com países cujos preços de exportação são significativamente menores, tal como a China. Sendo assim, este trabalho analisou os efeitos do fim do ATC para a produção, emprego e desempenho comercial dos setores têxtil e de vestuário no Brasil, com o objetivo de avaliar a necessidade de tais indústrias receberem novas medidas de proteção comercial. Para avaliar tais impactos, utilizou-se uma simulação em um modelo de Equilíbrio Geral Computável global adotando hipóteses de comportamento de médio prazo da economia, onde as restrições quantitativas foram transformadas em tarifas em equivalente ad valorem dos preços de exportação. Os resultados do modelo indicam um aumento da produção e do emprego de fatores produtivos nas indústrias referidas e nas diretamente relacionadas às atividades produtivas no Brasil, tal como o setor de fibras naturais e serviços. Também se verificou uma realocação dos fornecedores de insumos importados e destinos das exportações de bens finais no Brasil, com desempenho positivo do saldo comercial, o que se refletiu em valorização real do câmbio e aumento relativo dos preços dos produtos domésticos sobre os importados. As conclusões foram que a eliminação completa de barreiras quantitativas devem ter efeitos diferenciados dentro diferentes segmentos das indústrias, como exemplo os de fibras naturais e sintéticas, sendo seu impacto agregado positivo para os setores analisados e para a economia brasileira.<br>The importance of the textile and clothing industry is based on its high capacities to generate employment and income, provided its basic characteristic of reduced ability to automate the production processes. Besides that, these sectors are responsible for an important share of the low qualified jobs in the developed countries. Therefore, the industries achieved a different treatment, compared to the other manufactured goods, in the liberalization rules defined in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade - GATT. The Agreement on Textiles and Clothing - ATC of the World Trade Organization, in vigor since 1995, started a process of gradual elimination of the bilateral export quotas existent from the mentioned data during a period of ten years. After January 1st, 2005, therefore, the agreement completed its objectives, with the international trade of textiles and clothing under the same rules for manufactures of the GATT 1994. With the elimination of the quantitative barriers, the exportation costs and, consequently, the exports prices, got a reduction. However, the end of the ATC marked a beginning of new protectionist measures by the industries, which faced the direct competition whit countries whose export prices are quite smaller, such as China. In this context, this work analyzed the effects of the end of the ATC on production, employment and trade performance of the textiles and clothing sectors in Brazil, with the objective of measuring the necessity of these industries to receive new forms protectionism. To assess these impacts, a global General Equilibrium Model was utilized adopting medium term hypothesis about the economy´s behavior, where the quantitative restrictions were transformed in ad valorem tariff equivalent of the export prices. The results of the model indicate an increase in the production and employment of the primary factors in the two mentioned industries and on the directly related activities in Brazil, such as the natural fibers and services. It was also verified a reallocation of the imported input suppliers and destinations of the exports of goods in Brazil, with a positive performance of the net trade, what reflected in a real valorization of exchange rate and a relative increase of the domestic prices over the imported. The conclusions are that the complete elimination of the quantitative barriers must have different effects in diverse segments of the industries, for instance the natural and synthetic fibers, with a positive aggregated impact to the analyzed sectors and to the Brazilian economy.
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Celestini, Juliana. "O final do acordo sobre têxteis e vestuário e a competitividade na Indústria Têxtil brasileira." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2007. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2712.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:39:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 9<br>Nenhuma<br>Esta dissertação procura revelar quais os produtos de vestuário brasileiros cujas exportações têm maior potencial de crescimento com o fim do Acordo sobre Têxteis e Vestuário, através do Índice de Vantagem Comparativa Revelada (IVCR), no período de 2000 a 2003. O comércio internacional do setor têxtil passou um longo período regulado por quotas bilaterais, mas recentemente, em 2005, o Acordo Multifibras (AMF) e o Acordo sobre Têxteis e Vestuário (ATV), que regulavam o comércio deste setor, foram abolidos. O complexo têxtil brasileiro, evidenciando os capítulos 61 e 62 da Nomenclatura Comum do Mercosul (NCM), que englobam os produtos de vestuário, tem um papel importante na geração de empregos e na produção industrial brasileira, mas apresenta um baixo grau de competitividade internacional. De um total de 231 produtos, a seis dígitos da Nomenclatura Comum do Mercosul (NCM), apenas três mostravam-se competitivos e, mesmo assim, essa competitividade apresentava uma tendência de queda ao longo do período anal<br>This study sought to reveal which Brazilian clothing products are prone to show the highest growth potential with the phasing out of the Multifibre Arrangement (MFA) based on the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA) between 2000 and 2003. International trade on textile and clothing sector was subject to bilateral quotas for a long time, but recently the Multifibre Arrangement and the Agreement on Textile and Clothing (ATC) that regulate the trade on this sector were abolished. Brazilian textile sector, especially the chapters 61 and 62 of the Nomenclatura Comum do Mercosul (NCM), which encompasses the clothing products, has an important role to play in both employment and industrial production, but shows a low level of competitiveness. From a sample of 231 products at 06-digit level of the NCM, only three could be considered competitive and, even so, this competitiveness was declining throughout the period examined. Thus, the end of restrictions on international trade on textiles and clothing would no
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Arumugam, Sivaprabhu. "Clothing from virgin cotton or clothing from recycled textile. A comparison by using openLCA." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23756/.

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Cotton is the most often used natural fiber across worldwide, and it’s an essential component of the textile industry. In 2017, production of cotton around the total global was amounted to some 120.86 million bales. more than the half of the world’s total production volume of cotton is from countries like India, China, and the United States. The total global supply of cotton, stocks included, stood at approximately 248.63 million bales in 2017.The fashion industry is considered as one of the most wasteful industries in the world. As they produce way more clothes than we need and we through them after a couple of wears. And the worst part is, the most of our clothes goes to landfill, even though it could easily reuse or recycle them. An average consumer throws away 70 pounds (31.75 kilograms) of clothing per year. Globally we produce 13 million tons of textile waste each year 95% of which could be reused or recycled. In this paper we are going discuss about the process involved in the production of cotton from cultivation to the final product (fabrics) and process involved in the recycling of cotton textile, and a comparison of life cycle assessment (LCI) of clothing from virgin cotton or clothing from recycled cotton by using OPEN LCA(LCA software)
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Tsui, Chi-keung Martin. "Ever changing textile industry in Hong Kong : some structural factors to explain the labour employment pattern in 1985-1995 /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1974075X.

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Books on the topic "Agreement on Textile and Clothing"

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Organization, World Trade, ed. The global textile and clothing industry post the agreement on textiles and clothing. World Trade Organization, 2004.

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The agreement on textiles and clothing: Potential effects on gender equality in Pakistan. Sustainable Development Policy Institute, 2005.

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Kazmi, Aqdas Ali. Coping with the agreement on textile and clothing (ATC): A case study of the textile sector in Pakistan. Leads Pakistan, 2002.

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Brambilla, Irene. China's experience under the Multifiber Arrangement (MFA) and the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC). National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Brambilla, Irene. China's experience under the Multifiber Arrangement (MFA) and the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC). National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Vosko, Leah F. The last thread: An analysis of the apparel goods provisions in the North American Free Trade Agreement and the impact on women. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 1993.

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Vuthy, Chan. Export diversification and value addition for human development: Addressing the impact of the agreement on textile and clothing expiration on Cambodia. Economic Institute of Cambodia, 2007.

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GTZ/DCCI Business Advisory Services (Dhaka, Bangladesh), ed. The consequences of the GATT Uruguay round for the textile and garments sector in Bangladesh. GTZ/DCCI Business Advisory Services, 1998.

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Thailand's clothing and textile exports. ASEAN Economic Research Unit, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1994.

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Bailey, Maxine. East European textile & clothing directory. 5th ed. World Textile Publications, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agreement on Textile and Clothing"

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Koul, Autar Krishen. "WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing." In Guide to the WTO and GATT. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2089-7_25.

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Braakmann, Nils, and Joachim Wagner. "Labor market adjustments after a large import shock: Evidence from the German clothing industry and the WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing." In Daten in der wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Forschung. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03456-6_10.

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Jefferson, Aileen. "Clothing Technology." In Textile and Clothing Design Technology. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315156163-14.

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Hebden, Andrew J., and Parikshit Goswami. "Textile Finishing." In Textile and Clothing Design Technology. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315156163-13.

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Cassidy, Tom, and Dian Li. "Textile and Clothing Consultancy." In Textile and Clothing Design Technology. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315156163-18.

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Gries, Thomas, Dieter Veit, Burkhard Wulfhorst, and V. Niebel. "Processes and Machines for Clothing Manufacture." In Textile Technology. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905661.010.

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Wulfhorst, Burkhard, Thomas Gries, and Dieter Veit. "Processes and Machines for Clothing Manufacture." In Textile Technology. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446433472.010.

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Khanzada, Haleema, Muhammad Qamar Khan, and Saleha Kayani. "Cotton Based Clothing." In Textile Science and Clothing Technology. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9169-3_15.

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Palamutcu, S. "Sustainable Textile Technologies." In Textile Science and Clothing Technology. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2474-0_1.

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Wang, Ruomei, Yi Li, Xin Zhang, and Xiaonan Luo. "A CAD System for the Biomechanical Sensory Engineering of Clothing." In Computational Textile. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70658-8_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Agreement on Textile and Clothing"

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Sobera, M. P., C. R. Kleijn, P. Brasser, and H. E. A. van den Akker. "Multiscale CFD of the Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer Through a Porous Material With Application to Protective Garments." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-3106.

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A multi-scale study of the performance of protective clothing has been performed by coupling various types of numerical simulation of flow, heat and mass transfer. At first, a detailed study of the turbulent flow at Re = 3900 around a circular cylinder, sheathed at some small distance by a porous layer, has been performed by means of Direct Numerical Simulations with a commercial unstructured finite volume based Computational Fluid Dynamics solver. This geometry is widely used in experiments to study the performance of fabric materials. From this DNS study, it was found that the flow underneath the clothing is laminar and periodic, with a velocity magnitude much smaller than the free stream velocity. Micro-scale Direct Numerical Simulations of the flow through the textile at the scale of individual fibres revealed a simple relation between textile porosity and permeability. A good agreement was found between flow and heat transfer predictions of Direct Numerical Simulations and from Reynolds Averaged simulations. From the latter, an engineering correlation for heat and mass transfer was deduced.
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Hertleer, C., H. Rogier, and L. Van Langenhove. "A textile antenna for protective clothing." In IET Seminar on Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric Wireless Communications. IEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:20070544.

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Jucevičius, Robertas, and Egidijus Rybakovas. "Competitiveness of Lithuanian textile and clothing industry." In The 6th International Scientific Conference "Business and Management 2010". Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Publishing House Technika, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2010.053.

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Yang, Ruiliang, and Wen Sun. "Typical Clothing Ensemble for the Textile Worker." In International Conference on Electronics, Mechanics, Culture and Medicine. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emcm-15.2016.126.

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Wu, Jian, and An Lu. "Analysis of International Competitiveness of Chinese Textile and Clothing." In International Academic Conference on Frontiers in Social Sciences and Management Innovation (IAFSM 2019). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200207.030.

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Loss, Caroline, Ricardo Goncalves, Catarina Lopes, Rita Salvado, and Pedro Pinho. "Textile antenna for RF energy harvesting fully embedded in clothing." In 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucap.2016.7481721.

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Jayabharathy, K., and T. Shanmuganantham. "Design of a Compact Textile Wideband Antenna for Smart Clothing." In 2019 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Instrumentation and Control Technologies (ICICICT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicict46008.2019.8993388.

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Power, E. Jess, Phoebe R. Apeagyei, and Aileen M. Jefferson. "Integrating 3D Scanning Data and Textile Parameters into Virtual Clothing." In 2nd International Conference on 3D Body Scanning Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 25-26 October 2011. Hometrica Consulting - Dr. Nicola D'Apuzzo, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.15221/11.213.

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Lepak, Sandra, Bartłomiej Lalek, Daniel Janczak, et al. "Textile fibers coated with carbon nanotubes for smart clothing applications." In Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2017, edited by Ryszard S. Romaniuk and Maciej Linczuk. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2282356.

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Yake, Cao, and Shao Jing. "How to establish the textile clothing industry harm early warning system." In EM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieem.2009.5344364.

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Reports on the topic "Agreement on Textile and Clothing"

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Brambilla, Irene, Amit Khandelwal, and Peter Schott. China's Experience Under the Multifiber Arrangement (MFA) and the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC). National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13346.

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Reeves-DeArmond, Genna, Jennifer Mower, and Keith Nishida. What skills and knowledge do clothing and textile graduates need for the workforce? Qualitative reflections from clothing and textile faculty and industry professionals. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1174.

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Raj, Deepika, and Kristen Morris. Disruptive Potential of 3D Printing for Clothing and Textile Sector. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1520.

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Oh, Keunyoung. Integrating Creative Problem Solving into the Clothing and Textile Classrooms. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1532.

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Reeves-DeArmond, Genna, Jennifer Mower, and Keith Nishida. Student and faculty perceptions of online clothing and textile courses. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1136.

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Raj, Deepika, and Kristen Morris. Strategies to Update the Clothing and Textile Course Curriculum with Emerging Technologies. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1441.

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Jablon, Sara, and Eulanda A. Sanders. Benefits for Both: Connecting Textile and Clothing Collections with Theater and Costume Makers. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1353.

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