Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Agriculteurs à temps partiel'
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Gervais, Catherine. "De l'agriculture à temps partiel au ménage pluriactif : exploration du concept de la pluriactivité agricole au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19213.
Full textRivotiana, Antsasoa. "De l'agriculture à temps partiel au ménage pluriactif : parcours d'établissement en agriculture par la pluriactivité." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19941.
Full textByrne-Sutton, Pascale. "Le contrat de travail à temps partiel /." Zürich : Schulthess Juristische Medien, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/338249656.pdf.
Full textNgan, Jules-Alain. "Faire carrière à temps partiel : préjugés et potentiels /." Paris : Connaissances et savoirs, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411989451.
Full textCourbier, Sonia. "Du travail à temps partiel contraint au temps choisi : au-delà de l'expérience hollandaise." Grenoble 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE21026.
Full textGuillaume, Cécile. "Les temps choisis du travail : dynamiques sociales d'un mode d'engagement au travail à temps partiel." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0034.
Full textValax, Marie-Françoise. "Cadre temporel et planification des tâches quotidiennes étude de la structure des plans journaliers chez les agriculteurs." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375965702.
Full textCattanéo, Nathalie. "Le travail à temps partiel : un rêve ou un cauchemar ? du volontariat à la contrainte, ou les variations de la disponibilité selon les logiques du temps partiel." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070034.
Full textThe aim is to compare the impact of two kinds of part-time work - constrained and volontary - on the structuration and organisation of working time and on the kind of relationship of female workers to their professional and domestic working time. The sociology of social and sexual division of labour is the theoretical framework for this research. After a presentation of different sociological problematics and statistical data concerning part-time work, the historical evolution of representations and legislation about working time is analysed. The analysis of forms of legal "translation" of gender relations shows that the laws allow the permanence of the gendered nature of working hours. A field study conducted with two groups, hospital nurses of the french public health sector (assistance publique) and hypermarkets cashiers, allows us to analyse household and professional social practices of part-timers. One finding is that the logic of permanent availability at work in the domestic sphere is "exported" to the professional one. The concept of professional permanent availability is created to formalize the kind of skills mobilized from the domestic sphere to the professional one by women part-timers. In the two chosen occupations, this availability in the working place varies according to the permanent versus part-time nature of work and the volontary or constrained character of part-time work. These variations have consequences on the aptitudes to do different workers and occupations and on the relationships of these women to professional and domestic labour. If part-time work reduces permanent professional availability while improving the relationship of the nurses to their work, this same part-time work constrains the cashiers to extreme forms of flexible-hours scheduling strongly underline the unpredictability of their working hours. As well, this forces their permanent availability at work, and leads to a destructuration of their relationship to work and of their private time and life. The main finding of this research is that the same quantitative reduction of working time has opposite effects from a qualitative point of view, depending on the forms of organisation of work time
Wierink, Marie. "Le travail à temps partiel aux Pays-Bas : un choix de société." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010567.
Full textBONY, FRANCOIS. "Processus therapeutique et actions institutionnelles a temps partiel : reflexions autour d'un cas." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6018.
Full textZennou, Sarah. "Méthodes d'ordre partiel pour la vérification de systèmes concurrents et temps réel." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11062.
Full textDEMARS, MICHELE. "Le temps partiel : a propos d'une enquete au chru de saint-etienne." Saint-Etienne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STET6011.
Full textDumas, Marc. "Temps partiel et analyse du changement de l'implication organisationnelle : une application quasi-expérimentale." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010005.
Full textIn june 1992, at Rio de Janerio in Bresil, should take place the united nations world conference on environment and development. It was devoted on the urgency of the planet awareness on environmental problems. But beyond this struggle of protecting the planet is a big political, diplomatic, economic and social games at stakes. The francophones countries having been aware of this new games at stakes, took advantage of the world mobilisation to formulate a principle of cooperation in the domain of environment. This should have double objectives. For them it is a question of taking an active part in the international community leadership role in favour of environment all in assuring their political, economical and cultural interests. It is also a question of defining a common strategy to fight against environmental problems that are daily confronted with by francophone countries, the most urgent of which are deforestation, water, pollution, desertification and industrial pollution. In the last analysis, it is a question of offering a frame of life environmentally healthy for their population that are more and more becoming numerous, in creating the term of a durable development linking the objectives of ecological economics in francophone states
Breheret, Jeanne. "Le travail à "temps partagé" /." Villeurbanne : ENSSIB, 2001. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessid/rrbbreheret.pdf.
Full textNotes bibliogr.
Angeloff, Tania. "Le travail à temps partiel : question de temps ou redéfinition des représentations et du statut du travail des femmes ?" Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081668.
Full textPalmero, Sandra. "Les effets de types de travail à temps partiel sur les attitudes au travail." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32067.
Full textAntsasoa, Rivotiana. "De l'agriculture à temps partiel au ménage pluriactif. Parcours d'établissement en agriculture par la pluriactivité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25278/25278.pdf.
Full textClouet, Hadrien. "Aux guichets du temps partiel : transactions temporelles dans le service public d'emploi allemand et français." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0022/document.
Full textSince the 1970s, part-time employment has grown in the German and French labour markets. The relation between public intermediation and part-time employment is the subject of this thesis. Our comparative analysis is based on ethnographic immersion in four agencies, a quantitative analysis of 2000 job offers stored in the agencies files and a socio-historical inquiry concerning the unemployment benefit systems. With these data, we expose the temporal transactions experienced by the unemployed during their institutional treatment. Within the agencies, the working hours sought by the unemployed represent a tool with three functions: managing the registered users, matching employers and jobseekers, and arbitrating the relation between capital and labour. These hours are mobilized, manipulated and negotiated during the compulsory interviews between caseworkers and unemployed. Thus, many research profiles are modified, in the sens of lowering the desired amount of employment hours. This rationing of hours is organized around three modes of regulation, always perceptible but inequally significant in the various agencies: benefits-oriented regulation, professional regulation and computerized regulation. The working hours the unemployed look for appear as an object of public action. Based on our empirical results, we show how the configuration of bureaucratic encounters establish a close relation between the social resources mobilized during the interaction and the position on the labour market. In addition, this thesis present the employment agencies as an autonomous level of employment regulation
MORCELLET, PIERRE. "Maison rose : un centre d'accueil therapeutique a temps partiel ; etude descriptive et essai de theorisation." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20176.
Full textGervais, Catherine. "De l'agriculteur à temps partiel au ménage pluriactif. Exploration du concept de la pluriactivité agricole au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24620/24620.pdf.
Full textLouisy, Solenn Paul Lionel. "Evaluation d'un programme multidisciplinaire de reconditionnement aux efforts lombaires en hospitalisation à temps partiel pour lombalgies chroniques." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=52486.
Full textPetti, Stéphane Renaud. "Navigation sûre en environnement dynamique : une approche par planification de mouvement partiel." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003661.
Full textEngler, Nina. "Strukturelle Diskriminierung und substantielle Chancengleichheit : eine Untersuchung zu Recht und Wirklichkeit der Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf im Gemeinschafts- und Verfassungsrecht : dargestellt am Beispiel der mittelbaren Diskriminierung von Frauen in Teilzeitbeschäftigung /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399362045.
Full textInsarauto, Valeria. "Perdus dans la transition ? Les usages sociaux du travail à temps partiel féminin entre anciennes et nouvelles logiques." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979951.
Full textPierson, Françoise. "Étude de l'application d'accords collectifs d'entreprise : le cas du travail à temps partiel dans le secteur des assurances." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010061.
Full textEnterprise collective bargaining produces social regulation and controls day to day industrial relations. This work tries therefore to measure the ability of enterprise collective agreements to control decisions taken in their application and the actors rationality. It analyses in which measure an enterprise collective agreement furthers worker's acceptance of management decisions that the agreement have produced. It gives the actors power sources which can be resources or constraints. Part time in insurances sector case shows the ability of enterprise collective agreement to control actor's game. Indeed, as a source of rule creation, enterprise collective bargaining can be considered as "control regulation" with regard to "autonomous regulation" created by interactions between actors in the firm. We have tested the hypothesis by confronting some enterprise collective agreements and internal social figures (134 years). The results of this research allow us to come to the conclusion that the way decisions are taken have an impact on conflictuality. In the same way, the existence of an actor controlling the agreement helps to reach its objectives
Bonnet, Polèse Jacqueline. "Une étude exploratoire du vécu de travail des cadres à temps partiel : rôle de l'environnement immédiat de travail et du "hors travail"." Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHEC0005.
Full textPuech, Isabelle. "Dérégulation du temps de travail et recompositions du marché du travail : inégalités entre les sexes, disparités entre femmes : trois figures du salariat féminin du secteur tertiaire." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082549.
Full textValax, Marie-Françoise. "Cadre temporel et planification des tâches quotidiennes : étude de la structure des plans journaliers chez les agriculteurs." Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20040.
Full textIn mundane task planning, the difficulties inherent in the organization and performance of acts are emphasized by inconstant situation aspect, that can only be partially anticipated. The reduction of cost linked the anticipation and organizing aspects of planification, involve the use of special knowledge structures which direct collecting and processing data. This thesis relates a special structure of time management, "the temporal frame". Its nature and functions are studied from a structural analysis of anticipated plans and from comparison of correspondent anticipated and executed plans. The experimentation is concerned with a natural situation in which the subjects are "free to manage their time" : the daily organization of tasks among farmers. The thirty-seven experimental subjects had to draw up an anticipated time-table for four consecutive days, in two periods of the year. After this, the subjects had to note their real time-table for the same days. This experimental apparatus permitted has shown that the temporal frame, comprising various temporal frame periods represent a time organization model for the subject, partially instantiable by encasing many frames. The temporal frame can be interpreted as series intersperced with "fixed" sequences, which are reserved for pivot tasks (imperative, continuous and limited, they have a strong)
Bergeron, Josée. "Relation entre le travail à temps partiel, les tracas quotidiens, l'estime de soi et le rendement scolaire chez les adolescents /." Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/17804397R.html.
Full textBergeron, Josée. "Relation entre le travail à temps partiel, les tracas quotidiens, l'estime de soi et le rendement scolaire chez les adolescents." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4514/1/000105180.pdf.
Full textPortet, Stéphane. "Les paradoxes de la flexibilité du temps de travail en Pologne." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20033.
Full textThis research analyses the stability of part-time work in Poland since 1989 and the low level of feminisation of this form of employment. This is what we have termed “the paradox of working time flexibility in Poland”. Using path-dependency theory as a framework, but focusing more on continuity than on change, we argue that the marginalisation of part-time work as a human resource management tool and the stigmatisation of part-time workers are not only illustrations of an historical process of the restructuring of social practices but are also a result of the moral dimension embedded in practices regarding working time arrangements. The invention of women's social demand for part-time work did not succeed and attempts to promote this form of employment have failed so far
Insarauto, Valeria. "Lost in transition ? : social uses of women's part-time work hanging in between old and new logics." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0146.
Full textDespite the growing diversification of part-time work social uses and of the groups of workers concerned by this employment form, its use as a tool for balancing work and family remains the most widespread and it is a crucial component at the basis of gendered career paths. This thesis studies the logics behind the development of the strong feminization of part-time work in light of the social uses of women's part-time work, in order to understand if and how such uses are likely to give rise to new non-gendered configurations of work-life articulation. The comparison between France and Italy is used as an effective research strategy and it is the background on which is projected the quantitative analysis of data from the Enquête Emploi (2003-2009) and Rilevazione sulle Forze di Lavoro (2004-2010). The analysis sets part-time work social uses with respect to the transitions between différent employment statuses and sphères of activity that may occur over the life-course, with the aim of examining the rôle that part-time work can play in this context. The specificity of women's practices with respect to part-time work social uses émerges as an important factor of change. These practices arise within institutional and socio-economic contexts that trigger different types of constraint and opportunity for the development of new logics of social uses. This cornes up to patterns of use that can be defined as "diversified" in France and "polarized" in Italy, which point out the complexity of societal issues that they embody
Diallo, Aliou, and Doris Hofacker. "Analyse socio-économique de la réduction de la durée hebdomadaire du travail, RDHT, en France : bilan d'une expérience, 1982-1986." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100030.
Full textSogbohossou, Médésu. "Contributions à l'analyse ordre partiel quantitative et à l'abstraction modulaire des réseaux de Petri temporels." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2124.
Full textTime petri nets, a timed extension of the formalism of Petri nets, are the concurrency model used here to check formally the properties on the behaviors and the quantitative temporal constraints of the real-time systems. A checking based on the computing of the state space of a strongly concurrent system raises the problem of the combinatory explosion. To limit this explosion, two strategies are often used : on one hand, by adopting a partial order method for the construction of the state space by limiting the interleavings of the concurrent events of the system, and on the other hand, by making a structural abstraction of the model before enumerating all the reachable states. The purpose of the thesis is to contribute to reduce the complexity of the checking of the concurrent real-time systems modeled with time Petri nets, by following these two approaches. For the first approach, a method of unfolding of the time Petri nets developed, which takes into account a more direct checking of the quantitative temporal constraints between the events of the system. It is based on the computing of the scenarios of a finite and complete prefix of the unfolding, a quantitative temporal characterization being associated with each of the scenarios. The second approach is based on the modular architecture of the system and consists in producing an equivalent model abstracted from a module of time Petri net independently of its environment, what imposes structural and dynamic limitations on the module. The abstraction is deducted from the finite scenarios of the module, by restricting oneself to the observable events of every scenario
Nguyen, Huu Phuc. "Développement d'une commande à modèle partiel appris : analyse théorique et étude pratique." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2323/document.
Full textIn classical control theory, the control law is generally built, based on the theoretical model of the system. That means that the mathematical equations representing the system dynamics are used to stabilize the closed loop. But in practice, the actual system differs from the theory, for example, the nonlinearity, the varied parameters and the unknown disturbances of the system. The proposed approach in this work is based on the knowledge of the plant system by using not only the analytical model but also the experimental data. The input values stabilizing the system on open loop, that minimize a cost function, for example, the distance between the desired output and the predicted output, or maximize a reward function are calculated by an optimal algorithm. The key idea of this approach is to use a numerical behavior model of the system as a prediction function on the joint state and input spaces or input-output spaces to find the controller’s output. To do this, a new non-linear control concept is proposed, based on an existing controller that uses a prediction map built on the state-space. The prediction model is initialized by using the best knowledge a priori of the system. It is then improved by using a learning algorithm based on the sensors’ data. Two types of prediction map are employed: the first one is based on the state-space model; the second one is represented by an input-output model. The output of the controller, that minimizes the error between the predicted output from the prediction model and the desired output, will be found using optimal algorithm. The application of the proposed controller has been made on various systems. Some real experiments for quadricopter, some actual tests for the electrical vehicle Zoé show its ability and efficiency to complex and fast systems. Other the results in simulation are tested in order to investigate and study the performance of the proposed controller. This approach is also used to estimate the rotor speed of the induction machine by considering the rotor speed as the input of the system
Rosa, Catherine. "Satisfactions et insatisfactions au travail de personnes en situation d'emploi à temps partiel : approche systémique des rapports entre vies de travail et "hors travail"." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20079.
Full textBocqueho, Géraldine. "Risque, temps et adoption des cultures pérennes énergétiques : exemple du cas français." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00966877.
Full textVicente, Elisa. "Les difficultés psychologiques des étudiants et l'activité professionnelle : estime de soi et stratégies d'adaptation." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20108.
Full textOur study intends to verify if there are significant differences between higher education working and not working students, men and women, according to their ages, observing a younger (18-21 years old) and an older group (21-25 years old), on their self-esteem and on their way of facing difficulties (coping). The study of the students conduct, the ones with and without a salary, has lead to the articulation of three psychologies that I have linked on this research: the person’s development psychology, the working and organizational social psychology and the health psychology. This comparative study observed 191 young students, aged from 18 to 25 years old (with an age average of 21 years old), higher education students of two Institutions of Portugal that graduates future professors (124) and future psycho-pedagogues (67). Between them, 47 are students with a salary and 144 are not working students. The study sample contains 46 men and 145 women. The data was collected from the under graduation students with the help of two Toulousian scales (Self-esteem and Coping). From the results obtained, we may conclude that the hypothesis of linking a positive bond between the students with a salary and a higher self-esteem is only verified on the men’s group. On women, the working students tend to have a diminution of a positive self-esteem and a higher depreciation of their selves. Considering the differential results concerning the stress management strategies (with the coping), we verify the low influence of the status variable (with a salary/without a salary), very clearly on men and women. On the other hand we may verify the influence of sex while dealing with coping strategies. In fact, both hypotheses considered are verified: the first one concerning that men have more control of themselves then women, and the second concerning that women make more use of the strategy of retreat. We can also note that all coping strategies are more frequent on older students, specially the strategies of control and the distraction. From the correlations analyses between self-esteem and coping, for the students with and without a salary, we can conclude that the significant differences were highlighted between men and women, also according to their ages. These differences clearly show that the status of being a student with a salary or one without a salary is far away from being the only factor that determines the attitudes and personal representations of the students. Our work gives also the chance of better understanding the under graduation students situation, allowing a more efficient response to help these students demands, especially the working ones
Vasileiou, Effrosyni. "Identification économétrique des déterminants de la satisfaction dans l'emploi." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020006.
Full textBlanchet, Danick. "Analyse des facteurs de l'anxiété vécue chez les étudiants québécois au niveau collégial." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2836.
Full textDeblois, Sharleen George. "Les motifs d'inscription des adultes inscrits à temps partiel à des cours d'éducation permanente = : The motivational orientations of part-time adult education students enrolled in adult education classes." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29181.
Full textCharles-Pauvers, Brigitte. "Implication organisationnelle et relation d'emploi flexible." Nantes, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NANT4016.
Full textStemming from the contradiction between the search for employees' organizational commitment and an ever-increasing employment flexibility, this thesis consists in analysing the influence of employment relations on organizational commitment. A state-of-the-art review of employment flexibility, as well as affective and continuance commitment, is carried out. Based on a mail questionnaire, an empirical, inductive approach leads to a comparative analysis of affective and continuance commitment of employees belonging to five french companies. On the one hand, results from previous research papers using organizational commitment scales (mowday, porter and steers's ocq; allen and meyer's affective and continuance commitment scales) combined with findings obtained from the 600 questionnaires collected were jointly assessed from a methodological viewpoint. On the other hand, this work gives a theoretical and practical insight into the organizational commitment profiles of flexible (part-time, short term and temporary workers) and permanent workers. The combined influence of work relation types with working conditions and practices in human resources management is studied more precisely : the influence of working schedules, the choice thereof, of management styles, and satisfaction with supervisors and co-workers is given special attention
Rivière, Nicolas. "Modélisation et analyse temporelle par réseaux de Pétri et logique linéaire." Toulouse, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAT0028.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to the elaboration of design assistance methods of cooperative systems while taking into account temporal constraints in a quantitative way. The developed approach is based on Petri nets, linear logic and temporal constraints networks. This is an "event" oriented approach and not a "state" oriented one as it is often the case in the approaches based on Petri nets. It is split in two steps: a step of "qualitative" analysis and a step of "quantitative" one. The first consists in obtaining the causality relations between the events belonging to a given scenario. The equivalence between a proof tree in linear logic and the finite process obtained by the unfolding of a Petri net from the same initial marking shows that these relations are precedence relations. The introduction of the concept of characteristic sequent makes it possible to implement a compositional approach of the processes from the rules of the linear logic sequent calculus. The second step consists in changing the graph describing the precedence relations into a temporal constraints graph expressing in a linear way the set of the quantitative temporal constraints which have to be verified by the dates of the firing transitions in a scenario. Thus, it become possible to exploit all the results of traditional techniques of analysis and constraints propagation. This step is completely consistent with p-time Petri nets but not easily compatible with the t-timed ones because they generate sets of constraints which are more complex. This approach is illustrated by a simple scheduling problem of multimedia documents. We showed thereafter how, for the t-timed Petri nets, we could process the firing dates and the sojourn durations of the tokens in the places of a net while remaining in a symbolic form within the framework of the weak semantics
Hen, Sandra. "Contribution à la connaissance d'un processus de régulation des effectifs instrumenté par la préretraite." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50374-2005-1.pdf.
Full textPinto, Vanessa. "L' emploi étudiant : apprentissage du salariat." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0038.
Full textThis thesis deals with the student labour market and the students' work experience from an analytical perspective combining the sociology of education, youth and work. The 1 st part sheds light on the social definitions of student work: the description of the transformations of higher education and of the labour market is followed by the analysis of how student work has been conceived historically, along a line opposing essentially those who denounce the precarious living conditions of the student population and those who celebrate its work experience. Historical hindsight reveals that the latter point of view is becoming increasingly dominant while higher education is getting under further market pressure. Ln the 2nd part, a secondary analysis of national statistics concerning student living conditions provides a first description of the space of student jobs which is then specified through ethnographic interviews. Three logics are distinguished, each corresponding to 3 ways of relating to the future -temporary, anticipatory and eternising investments in the work definition -and 3 ways of articulating jobs and studies -dissociating the two, adjusting one to the other or substituting one for the other. The 3rd part relies on ethnographic work (participant observation and interviews) in fast-food outlets, call centres and sociocultural animation and shows how the different fractions of working students tend to be well-adjusted to the demands of a labour market that is itself segmented along a cultural/economic line. This form of pre-established harmony is questioned when a quasi-permanent workforce is led, under some circumstances, to invest in collective mobilisations
Garcia, Parrilla Tiffany. "Temporalités et agricultures. Identités et objets en mouvement. Une approche croisée France - Brésil." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA034.
Full textHow do Brazilian and French family farms create innovative temporal practices to respond to ecological transition?This thesis explores in a context of the social acceleration of ecologisation, the diversity of practices and representations as an expression of fracture within the modernist agricultural model. It proposes focussing on temporal experiences of socio-professional identities, elements of nature and technical artefacts. Our three ields of research- La Genétouze, Saints en Puisaye and Rio Veado- encompass the development of organic farming and of the animated debates that arise from its «conventionalisation.» Controversies over its identity _ question the numerous cultural connections between the different agricultural models and the tensions conveyed around their links with the past, the present and the future.Our transversal approach in both France and Brazil proposes to cross-examine the temporalities experienced by farmers who use reasoned agriculture, conservation agriculture or agrobiologic farms alongside their local trajectories. It shows that social acceleration hegemony is illusory: the inversion of progressive and linear time or its deceleration symbolize cultural resistances. Rather, we are part of the coexistence of multiple, opposing and even contradictory temporalities within the same territory. The challenging questions for family farming are then civilizational: they reveal temporal crises questioning the researcher on the capacity of the actors to reverse the arrow of time, offering possible reconciliations between the linearity of technical progress and life cycles
Salladarré, Frédéric. "Flexibilités et sécurités sur les marchés du travail en Europe." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT4022.
Full textThis thesis analyses the relationships between forms of flexibility and types of security. Firstly, a historical perspective emphasises the consecration of a general and deliberate movement aiming to enhance worker security in the aftermath of the Second World War in several industrialised countries. We show the emergence since the middle of the 1970s of a general trend toward greater flexibility that depends on labour market institutional settings. Secondly, two forms of flexible employment are analysed according to security/insecurity types: temporary employment and part-time work. Business cycle and institutional factors are considered within a panel data analysis of several European countries from the middle of the 1980s. Temporary employment and part-time work are a mean to adjust employment level to business cycle. Several institutional factors aiming to secure workers influence flexible employment. From a microeconomic point of view, we turn to econometric qualitative data analysis with the European Social Survey covering 18 countries. We evidence that temporary employment and part-time work, especially when this latter is constrained, accumulate several sociodemographic and professional factors that are unfavourable to their security. Several decompositions allow us to show the preponderant dimension of gender in the relationship between flexibility and security
Nevoux, Sandra. "Trois Essais sur l'Activité Partielle." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX010.
Full textThe literature review on short-time work presented in the first chapter underlines the motivation behind the three research questions developed in this dissertation, namely the local diffusion of short-time work, the impact of short-time work on employment during the great 2008-2009 recession in France, and the impact of the 2012-2013 reforms of short-time work and its recurrent use on aggregate production in France.In the second chapter, we assess the local diffusion of short-time work. We argue that the geographical proximity of establishments having already used short-time work in the past is a major information channel regarding this scheme. Relying on distance-based methods, our stylized facts highlight the spatial and dynamic concentration of short-time work use in France between 2002 and 2014. Our econometric analysis reveals that the local information about short-timework constitutes a determinant of its use, that it attenuates rapidly in the first kilometers and that this information is both transmitted within and between sectors. We interpret this significant spatial concentration of short-time use,after controlling for the determinants of short-time work at the establishment level, as an evidence of information spillovers.In the third chapter, we estimate the impact of short-time work on employment during the great 2008-2009 recession in France.The model we develop shows that the effect of short-time work varies depending on the financial situation of the firms. For firms facing a strong decline in their revenue, short-time work saves employment, whereas for firms facing a moderate decline in their revenue, short-time work entails a drop in hours worked without reducing job losses. These heterogeneous effects are confirmed by our empirical results, which demonstrate that short-time work has reduced the number of job losses for firms which faced dramatic drop in their revenue, but has had no significant impact on employment for the other firms. These windfall effects, although sizeable within the short-time workscheme, are negligible compared to other policies such as wage and hiring subsidies. Additionally, short-time work didn’t help structurally weak firms to survive. Hence, short-time work has been an efficient policy to save jobs during the great 2008-2009recession in France.In the fourth chapter, we evaluate the impact of the 2012-2013reforms of short-time work and its recurrent use on aggregate production in France. The 2012-2013 reforms have increased the generosity of short-time work and hence have suppressed the remaining cost supported by the firm. Our stylized facts highlight that short-time work is essentially used by a small number of firms in a recurrent way and this repeated use has aggravated following these reforms. The theoretical model we develop shows that such reforms of short-time work have entailed cross subsidies towards recurrent short-time work users and have reduced aggregate production compared to the social optimum.According to our model, the efficient policy should provide unemployment insurance benefits funded by experience rated employers’ contributions instead of short-time work benefits
Chizallet, Marie. "Comprendre le processus de conception d’un système de travail dans l’indivisibilité du temps : le cas d’agriculteurs en transition agroécologique." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1253/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on understanding the processes of designing work systems of farmers engaged in an agroecologicaltransition. It is based on the implementation of a method: the Chronicle of Change. By offering farmers to build design narratives, it reveals the overall design process in which they are involved. This process is analyzed on the basis of a dialogical model of design (e.g. Béguin, 2010) that puts the poles of virtual and real into tension, to which we add a pole of designable to show the movements between past – present – future, which are at work in the process.These narratives make visible the object being designed: the working system composed of subsystems. The farmer's experience with these subsystems contributes to the progress of the design process and the farmer's construction of a systemic approach to his purpose.In perspective, this thesis opens on the role of narrative in the development of the experience of a design process and on the notion of designing sustainable work systems
Arciniegas, Cardoso Martha Isabel. "Parler d'expérience en situation de formation : significations, formes et fonctions : le cas des enseignants associés de l'enseignement supérieur." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM1027/document.
Full textThe notion of experience is a polysemous one. Several significations are ascribed to it. Experience means process, product, resources, practical knowledge, career-path, reality, possibility, training style, learning mechanisms, background, vital spark, energy, and occasion all at once. Researchers who are interested in the matter of experience, its expression and its transmission, will find themselves confronted with this semantic plurality and the challenge of defining it.This research work aims at understanding what is convoked when associate professors refer to what they admit and design as their professional experience or as the knowledge derived from it. The present thesis focuses on the study of the communication of the professional experience of temporary associate professors during training courses. It also intends to comprehend the connection entrenched by these associate professors between the working and the training space by analyzing more specifically the content of the references they make based on situations they have experienced which also emerge form their professional activity during their training practice.For this purpose, a multidimensional methodological approach has been implemented. First of all, the researcher met with the professionals in order to explore their background and significations of experiences. Then, the researcher observed the training situation in such a way as to confront their complexity. And finally the researcher, through the confrontation between the participants and their traces (audio and video recording) of the activity carried out during the observed situations, produced a discursive data in his/her presence.The outcomes of this research enable us to identify, on a communication plan, the configurations of referencing processes of professional practice experienced in a training situation. These outcomes are divided into three parts: significations, enunciative forms and functions. These updated configurations contribute on the one hand to better understand which those participants designated as professional experience during the observed situations. On the other hand, to better understand the use they make of their professional experience within their training practices. These social practices seem to be at the heart of the universities' strategies within the progressive slide towards a more professionalizing approach in higher education