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Journal articles on the topic 'Agricultural and Resource Economics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Gallardo, R. Karina, and Johannes Sauer. "Adoption of Labor-Saving Technologies in Agriculture." Annual Review of Resource Economics 10, no. 1 (October 5, 2018): 185–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100517-023018.

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Labor-saving technologies in agriculture have been fundamental to the advancement of the agricultural industry, and in general, the economies of nations. This article presents a review of several economic theories that form the basis of the economics of labor-saving technologies, including the theory of induced innovation and subsequent theories developed from it. The review also includes empirical application studies and classifies existing literature into ex ante and ex post analyses of technology adoption. It also presents a thorough review of economic studies on the most successful labor-saving technology adoptions in agriculture, including crops and livestock. Finally, we discuss the future of labor-saving technologies in agriculture and their implications for new societal and economic structures.

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2

Castle, Emery N. "Land, Economic Change, and Agricultural Economics." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 32, no. 1 (April 2003): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500002471.

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This paper analyzes in three contexts the effects of changing economic conditions and varying economic perspectives on the way land is considered in economic doctrine. The first considers agricultural land use where agriculture is connected to the rest of the economy exclusively through input and commodity markets, and when all other parts of the economy are assumed to remain constant. The second connects agriculture to the remainder of the economy by virtue of a shared natural environment, facilitating a discussion of natural resource and environmental economics in relation to agricultural, institutional, and land economics. The third context permits economic change in the entire economy with particular attention given to population density, space, and distance. Private and public decision making are discussed with attention to federal, state, and local division of powers.

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3

Carlson, Gerald, Mark Cochran, Michele Marra, and David Zilberman. "Agricultural Resource Economics and the Environment." Review of Agricultural Economics 14, no. 2 (July 1992): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1349510.

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4

Alston, Julian M., Kym Anderson, and Philip G. Pardey. "Antipodean agricultural and resource economics - introduction." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 60, no. 4 (August 16, 2016): 493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12173.

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5

Alston, Julian M., and Philip G. Pardey. "Antipodean agricultural and resource economics at 60: agricultural innovation." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 60, no. 4 (July 19, 2016): 554–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12162.

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6

Edwards, Geoff, and Winton Bates. "Antipodean agricultural and resource economics at 60: agricultural adjustment." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 60, no. 4 (August 26, 2016): 573–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12174.

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7

Lichtenberg, Erik, James Shortle, James Wilen, and David Zilberman. "Natural Resource Economics and Conservation: Contributions of Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Economists." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 92, no. 2 (April 2010): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aaq006.

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8

Bennett, Jeff, and Alan Randall. "Antipodean agricultural and resource economics at 60: environmental economics." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 60, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 672–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12157.

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9

Duncan, Ron. "Agricultural and resource economics and economic development in Aboriginal communities." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 47, no. 3 (August 26, 2003): 307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.00217.

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10

Onopriienko, Volodymyr, and Iryna Onopriienko. "RESOURCE-SAVING IN AGRICULTURE – INTERSECTIONS CENTER OF ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTION AND ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION OF SPECIALISTS." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 26, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/2606.

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Problems of saving resources in agriculture are considered. Resource-saving is a result of the requirements of the economy, ecologization of production and professional environmental knowledge of agricultural specialists. It is expedient in the conditions of technogenic loading to save resources by ecologization of agricultural activities. The transition to the environmentally safe, economically justifiable and socially acceptable strategy for agricultural production depends on the level of environmental education of students of the agricultural universities of Ukraine.

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11

Pannell, David, Graeme Doole, and Jimmy Cheung. "Antipodean agricultural and resource economics at 60: natural resource management." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 60, no. 4 (August 8, 2016): 651–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12172.

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12

Boyd, Chris M., and Marc F. Bellemare. "The Microeconomics of Agricultural Price Risk." Annual Review of Resource Economics 12, no. 1 (October 6, 2020): 149–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-093807.

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Much of neoclassical economics is concerned with prices—more specifically, with relative prices. Similarly, economists have studied behavior in the face of risk and uncertainty for at least a century, and risk and uncertainty are without a doubt a feature of economic life. It is thus puzzling that price risk—that is, unexpected departures from a mean price level, or price volatility—has received so little attention. In this review, we discuss the microeconomics of price risk. We begin by reviewing the theoretical literature, a great deal of which is concerned with the effects of unstable agricultural prices on the welfare of producers, consumers, and agricultural households. We then discuss the empirical literature on the effects of price risk on economic agents. We emphasize policy responses to agricultural price risk throughout, discussing price stabilization policies from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Perhaps most importantly, we provide several suggestions for future research in the area of price risk given increasing risk on world agricultural markets due to both policy uncertainty and climate change.

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13

Freebairn, John. "Antipodean agricultural and resource economics at 60: booming sector economics." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 60, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12158.

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14

Adelaja, Adesoji O. "New Challenges Facing Agricultural and Resource Economics Departments in the Twenty-first Century." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 26, no. 2 (October 1997): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500002598.

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Land/grant colleges were established to serve the public via a tripartite system of teaching, research, and extension. Agricultural economists have played a key role in this system in meeting agriculture's needs and are expanding this role to better cover the areas of food, natural resources, and the environment. The declining economic importance of agriculture and the growing interest in relegating agriculture to free market forces has resulted in declining formula funding for the land grant system, greater emphasis on competitive funding, demands for greater accountability, and demands for a return to greater focus on public service, problem solving, and stakeholder involvement in the definition of research, teaching, and outreach agenda. Simultaneously, the demand for the traditional “agricultural economics” graduate is declining. This paper reviews the current and long-term issues and trends facing agricultural economics departments, explores the futures of their teaching, research, and outreach programs, and highlights the challenges that will be faced as these departments explore new teaching, research, and service opportunities in the areas of food, natural resources, and the environment. The paper concludes by arguing that for forward thinking agricultural economics departments, these pending changes will represent opportunities for better scholarship, more balance, and more effective service.

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15

de Brauw, Alan. "Migration Out of Rural Areas and Implications for Rural Livelihoods." Annual Review of Resource Economics 11, no. 1 (October 5, 2019): 461–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-093906.

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Despite the fact that migration out of agriculture has always been a part of the economic development process, policy makers have long feared that migration from rural areas reduces agricultural production. This article reviews the growing microeconomic literature with more credible statistical identification that evaluates the effects of migration on agricultural production and other outcomes among rural households. By and large, migration does not negatively affect agricultural production, as households shift on one of several margins to reduce the lost labor impact. Through migrant remittances, migration can lead to one of several different types of investment. When investment occurs, the type of investment depends upon relative local returns to investments in agriculture, nonagriculture, or human capital. Some innovative recent work also documents the role of migration in catalyzing technical change. Future policy related to rural out-migration should focus on enhancing its positive effects and mitigating any negative ones.

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16

Taylor, J. Edward. "Agricultural Labor and Migration Policy." Annual Review of Resource Economics 2, no. 1 (October 2010): 369–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-040709-135048.

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17

Fulton, Murray, and Konstantinos Giannakas. "The Future of Agricultural Cooperatives." Annual Review of Resource Economics 5, no. 1 (June 2013): 61–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-091912-151928.

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18

Kochetkov, Olexii, and Julia Afanasova. "FORMATION THE MECHANISM OF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES." Economic discourse, no. 2 (June 2020): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36742/2410-0919-2020-2-12.

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Introduction. The system of restrictions in resource use in agriculture is ineffective, because it is artificiality in managerial influence. However, objective conditions have a significant impact. On the one hand, the resource potential of an agricultural enterprise is based on mechanism of biological systems development and management practice should be based on them. On the other hand, the management of an agricultural enterprise is guided by the strategic goal of maximizing the return of resources and its purpose in generating profit. Thus, there is a contradictory process of ensuring the productive capacity of natural resources and the formation of appropriate financial and economic performance of attracted resources at the heart of resource potential management. Methods. Studies are conducted on the basis of abstract and logical, and constructive methods. The methodological basis in preparing the material made dialectical method of knowledge of social and economic phenomena. Results. The initial problems of instability of resource use are analyzed in the course of the research. The solution of it is put in the formation of the main components of the mechanism of resource management of agricultural enterprises potential. It is established that a mandatory element is to take into account the time factor when planning resources and forecasting the profitability of the economic model of an agricultural enterprise. It is proved that the mechanism of resource management of agricultural enterprises potential should be based on the development of the economic potential of management practice. It is proposed to use the principles and methods of financial and investment management in the resource potential management system of agricultural enterprises. Discussion. Therefore, the of resource management of agricultural enterprises potential is to determine ecologically acceptable sequence of technological regimes for growing cultures in science-based agriculture and implementation marketing benefits in existing and future financial and economic conditions. The implementation of the mechanism concept ensures effective balancing of a wide range of tasks, which is the basis for sustainable development of an agricultural enterprise. Keywords: resource potential, management mechanism, economic potential, resource management mode, sustainable development.

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19

Grijalva, Therese C., and Clifford Nowell. "What Interests Environmental and Resource Economists? A Comparison of Research Output in Agricultural Economics versus Environmental Economics." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 43, no. 2 (August 2014): 209–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500004287.

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We compare the research productivity of faculties housed in departments offering doctoral degrees in agricultural economics (AgEcon) with faculties housed in departments offering doctoral degrees in economics (Econ) that specialize in environmental and resource economics. Rankings are based on faculty publications in EconLit between 1985 and 2010. We find that AgEcon departments publish more papers and rate higher overall on productivity measures than Econ departments but that average productivity is greater for Econ departments. AgEcon publications dominate the Journal of Economic Literature's (JEL's) agriculture (Q1) subdiscipline while Econ and AgEcon departments publish evenly in the other Q subdisciplines.

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20

Weersink, Alfons, Evan Fraser, David Pannell, Emily Duncan, and Sarah Rotz. "Opportunities and Challenges for Big Data in Agricultural and Environmental Analysis." Annual Review of Resource Economics 10, no. 1 (October 5, 2018): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100516-053654.

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Agriculture stands on the cusp of a digital revolution, and the same technologies that created the Internet and are transforming medicine are now being applied in our farms and on our fields. Overall, this digital agricultural revolution is being driven by the low cost of collecting data on everything from soil conditions to animal health and crop development along with weather station data and data collected by drones and satellites. The promise of these technologies is more food, produced on less land, with fewer inputs and a smaller environmental footprint. At present, however, barriers to realizing this potential include a lack of ability to aggregate and interpret data in such a way that it results in useful decision support tools for farmers and the need to train farmers in how to use new tools. This article reviews the state of the literature on the promise and barriers to realizing the potential for Big Data to revolutionize agriculture.

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21

Veeman, Terry S. "Agricultural and Resource Economics: Challenges for the 21st Century." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 43, no. 4 (December 1995): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1995.tb00056.x.

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22

Veeman, Terry S. "Agricultural and Resource Economics: Challenges for the 21st Century." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 43, no. 1 (March 1995): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1995.tb00116.x.

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23

Jones, Dewitt. "Agricultural Economics and Limited Resource Farmers' Production Decisions: Discussion." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 73, no. 5 (December 1991): 1494–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1242411.

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24

Malcolm, Bill, and Vic Wright. "Antipodean agricultural and resource economics at 60: farm management." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 60, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 516–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12160.

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25

Carter, Colin, Xiaomeng Cui, Dalia Ghanem, and Pierre Mérel. "Identifying the Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture." Annual Review of Resource Economics 10, no. 1 (October 5, 2018): 361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100517-022938.

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The ultimate impact of climate change on human systems will depend on the natural resilience of ecosystems on which societies rely as well as on adaptation measures taken by agents, individually and collectively. No sector of the economy is more reliant on climate than agriculture. Evidence from the American settlement process suggests that societies can successfully adapt to new climatic environments. Whether and how much agriculture will manage to adapt to a changing climate remains an open question in the empirical economics literature, however. This article reviews the existing evidence on weather and/or climate impacts on agricultural outcomes from the economics literature, with a focus on methodological questions. Some key econometric issues associated with climate impact measurement are discussed. We also outline important questions that have not been adequately addressed and suggest directions for future research.

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26

Aillery, Marcel, Jim Hrubovcak, Carol Kramer-LeBlanc, Robbin Shoemaker, and Abebayehu Tegene. "Agriculture in an Ecosystems Framework." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 25, no. 2 (October 1996): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500007759.

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By broadening the definition of an ecosystem to include economic activities, can we better characterize the interactions and relationships among agricultural activities and important indicators of ecological system health? This paper addresses research approaches for assessing the role of agriculture in an ecosystems context. Environmental regulation and resource management policies have heightened the interest in understanding interactions among agricultural activities and the natural resource base, including the impacts of agriculture on environmental quality and the impacts on agriculture of ecosystem restoration efforts. What are the most meaningful indicators of environmental quality? Which agricultural practices and policies should be considered, along with which nonagricultural resource uses? Finally, does the evolving thinking about ecosystems permit us to link agricultural practices and policies more directly and meaningfully to conceptions of sustainability, of both natural and socioeconomic systems? This paper presents a brief synopsis of ecosystem management, drawing from several recent governmental initiatives. It then provides an overview of the economics of ecosystem management from the perspective of the role of agriculture; discusses two specific cases, the Pacific Northwest and South Florida; and concludes with a discussion of promising economic approaches, data needs, and caveats to those engaged in policy analysis involving ecosystem restoration.

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27

Rahimov, Bahromjon, and Mirzobobur Ibrokhimov. "INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE MARKET OF MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES AND METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF RESOURCE EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT." INNOVATIONS IN ECONOMY 4, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9491-2021-7-10.

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The establishment of market relations in agriculture requires the development of the system of material and technical resources on the basis of market principles. Weak financial situation of agricultural enterprises, weakening of economic relations with the manufacturer of equipment, transport costs, transit, high customs duties, devaluation of money, imbalances between prices for agricultural and industrial products and a number of other factors.Keywords:regions, efficiency, economy, agricultural production, forecast, production potential, intensification, resources, economic mechanism.

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28

Lass, Daniel A. "The Relevance of Graduate Programs in Agricultural and Resource Economics." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 26, no. 2 (October 1997): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500002604.

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The relevance of graduate training in the Department of Resource Economics at the University of Massachusetts is investigated through a survey of graduates. The survey questionnaire and measures of relevancy are discussed. Results are presented for three cohorts: graduates currently in Ph.D. programs, M.S. graduates currently employed, and Ph.D. graduates currently employed. Results for all cohorts indicate that their graduate training is relevant to their jobs; however, all cohorts also favored increased application and reduced mathematics and theory. In addition, graduates suggested the need to bolster graduate training in economics with applied courses in business to improve competitiveness in private job markets.

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29

Gempesaw, Conrado M., and Fe Zinnia Albay. "A Content Analysis of the Agricultural and Resource Economics Review." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 25, no. 2 (October 1996): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500007838.

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A content analysis is conducted on theAgricultural and Resource Economics Reviewthe official publication of the Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association, to determine whether the journal has maintained a strong regional focus and whether there has been a narrow concentration of published articles in subject area and methodology. The results show that in the 1990s (1) the share of articles that do not focus on the Northeast has increased tremendously and (2) more articles used quantitative techniques than nonquantitative methods.

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30

Buschena, David E. "Expected Utility Violations: Implications for Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 85, no. 5 (December 2003): 1242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0092-5853.2003.00537.x.

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31

Nolan, James, Dawn Parker, G. Cornelis van Kooten, and Thomas Berger. "An Overview of Computational Modeling in Agricultural and Resource Economics." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 57, no. 4 (December 2009): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.2009.01163.x.

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32

Quiggin, John C., and Jock R. Anderson. "Antipodean agricultural and resource economics at 60: risk and uncertainty." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 60, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 535–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12159.

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33

Cason, Timothy N., and Steven Y. Wu. "Subject Pools and Deception in Agricultural and Resource Economics Experiments." Environmental and Resource Economics 73, no. 3 (September 18, 2018): 743–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-018-0289-x.

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34

Baležentis, Tomas, and Jens Leth Hougaard. "Resource use in lithuanian agricultural sector." Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 36, no. 4 (November 3, 2014): 755–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2014.070.

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Resource use efficiency is a critical issue for a competitive and sustainable economic activity. Indeed, resource use efficiency implies both economic and environmental consequences. Therefore, a sustainable rural development policy is required to promote resource use efficiency. In order to identify the prospective directions for strategic management of the resource in Lithuanian agricultural sector, the trends of the resource use therein are to be identified. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the trends of the resource use in Lithuanian agricultural sector and thus identify the most problematic areas. The concept of decoupling is used to describe the underlying changes in the resource use. The World Input-Output Database (WIOD) is applied for the analysis. The research focuses on energy use, land use, material extraction and carbon emission from the agricultural sector. The results show that the period of 1995–2009 was specific with weak (relative) decoupling of the material extraction from the economic activity and expansive negative decoupling of the use of water resources from the economic activity.

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35

Nakasone, Eduardo, Maximo Torero, and Bart Minten. "The Power of Information: The ICT Revolution in Agricultural Development." Annual Review of Resource Economics 6, no. 1 (November 10, 2014): 533–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100913-012714.

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36

BALASSA, BELA. "Agricultural policies and international resource allocation." European Review of Agricultural Economics 15, no. 2-3 (1988): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/15.2-3.159.

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37

Lindsay, Amanda R., James N. Sanchirico, Ted E. Gilliland, Rohani Ambo-Rappe, J. Edward Taylor, Nils C. Krueck, and Peter J. Mumby. "Evaluating sustainable development policies in rural coastal economies." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 52 (December 21, 2020): 33170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017835117.

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Sustainable development (SD) policies targeting marine economic sectors, designed to alleviate poverty and conserve marine ecosystems, have proliferated in recent years. Many developing countries are providing poor fishing households with new fishing boats (fishing capital) that can be used further offshore as a means to improve incomes and relieve fishing pressure on nearshore fish stocks. These kinds of policies are a marine variant of traditional SD policies focused on agriculture. Here, we evaluate ex ante economic and environmental impacts of provisions of fishing and agricultural capital, with and without enforcement of fishing regulations that prohibit the use of larger vessels in nearshore habitats. Combining methods from development economics, natural resource economics, and marine ecology, we use a unique dataset and modeling framework to account for linkages between households, business sectors, markets, and local fish stocks. We show that the policies investing capital in local marine fisheries or agricultural sectors achieve income gains for targeted households, but knock-on effects lead to increased harvest of nearshore fish, making them unlikely to achieve conservation objectives in rural coastal economies. However, pairing an agriculture stimulus with increasing enforcement of existing fisheries’ regulations may lead to a win–win situation. While marine-based policies could be an important tool to achieve two of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (alleviate poverty and protect vulnerable marine resources), their success is by no means assured and requires consideration of land and marine socioeconomic linkages inherent in rural economies.

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38

Finger, Robert, Scott M. Swinton, Nadja El Benni, and Achim Walter. "Precision Farming at the Nexus of Agricultural Production and the Environment." Annual Review of Resource Economics 11, no. 1 (October 5, 2019): 313–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-093929.

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Precision farming enables agricultural management decisions to be tailored spatially and temporally. Site-specific sensing, sampling, and managing allow farmers to treat a field as a heterogeneous entity. Through targeted use of inputs, precision farming reduces waste, thereby cutting both private variable costs and the environmental costs such as those of agrichemical residuals. At present, large farms in developed countries are the main adopters of precision farming. But its potential environmental benefits can justify greater public and private sector incentives to encourage adoption, including in small-scale farming systems in developing countries. Technological developments and big data advances continue to make precision farming tools more connected, accurate, efficient, and widely applicable. Improvements in the technical infrastructure and the legal framework can expand access to precision farming and thereby its overall societal benefits.

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39

Kolesnikova, Elena Gennadevna, Marina Mihaylovna Bogdanova, Tatiana Gennadevna Elistratova, Svetlana Viktorovna Levicheva, and Natalia Vladimirovna Pislegina. "Assessing Sustainable Development Potential of Rural Territories." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 26 (February 21, 2020): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.26.02.55.

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The paper presents an analysis of the resource potential of sustainable rural development in two regions of the Russian Federation, namely, the Altay territory (which is an agricultural region) and the Kemerovo region (an industrial region with an auxiliary role of agriculture). Agriculture is predominantly developing in agricultural areas represented by a comprehensive complex of resources. The lack of systemic approach in agricultural development has led to the irrational distribution of productive forces, inferior development of social and household infrastructure, and other imbalances having adverse effects on agricultural economic performance and living conditions in rural areas. To address this problem, the authors have developed an original method of resource potential analysis for rural areas, including a combination of economic, social, and infrastructure indicators.

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40

Nadezda, Jankelova, Joniakova Zuzana, Blstakova Jana, and Nemethova Ildiko. "Readiness of human resource departments of agricultural enterprises for implementation of the new roles of human resource professionals." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 63, No. 10 (October 11, 2017): 461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/189/2016-agricecon.

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This paper is part of a broader study which aims to investigate the success factors of agricultural enterprises. It attempts to present the partial results of a questionnaire survey whose goal was to determine the quality of HRM (Human Resource Management) departments in basic agricultural enterprises. Studies focusing on the HRM of basic agricultural enterprises have been published in many countries. In the Slovak Republic, experts and academics from the Slovak University of Technology in Nitra, and the Slovak Research Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics have arrived at perceptive conclusions on the current state of human capital in the agri-food sector and have proposed innovative directions for further development. Surprisingly, however, academia still fails to perceive HR management as a partner in an enterprise, rather than simply a service unit in the organisational structure of the agricultural enterprise. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of the role of HRM departments is missing and this paper aims to fill that gap. The methodology of research is based on Ulrich’s model of the mixed roles of HR departments (2009), which is used as a framework to determine the quality levels of role performance, defined by the model, of HRM departments. The survey sample consists of 70 basic agricultural enterprises.

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41

Cunningham, J. M. M., C. R. Groves, and J. Clark. "The resource base—agriculture." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 87, no. 3-4 (1986): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000004267.

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SynopsisThe extent of resource use—land, capital, labour and management—in Scottish agriculture in the early 1980s is estimated, using available published data. The main developments that have occurred to create this resource base are outlined, with the likely changes that will influence its nature by the mid 1990s. Each of 3 agricultural sectors—dairying, arable and livestock—is considered in turn. The paper concludes by outlining broadly the nature of the base as it might appear by the mid 1990s from the effects of economic and market forces. The pressures on land and labour use, from limitations on production of milk and arable crops but expanded lowland stock enterprises, are highlighted. The serious consequences for agricultural land and labour use in the more remote disadvantaged areas of Scotland are recognised, as is the need to consider the social/amenity value of the retention of a sufficient agricultural base in these areas. Finally, some of the issues and questions associated with the maintenance of agriculture in the hills in the future are indicated.

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42

Ali, Williams, Awudu Abdulai, and Ashok K. Mishra. "Recent Advances in the Analyses of Demand for Agricultural Insurance in Developing and Emerging Countries." Annual Review of Resource Economics 12, no. 1 (October 6, 2020): 411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-110119-025306.

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Despite the significant risks and uncertainties that farmers in developing and emerging countries face in their production process, efforts at encouraging them to adopt agricultural insurance to mitigate their production risks have mainly yielded little success. This article reviews the recent literature on the demand for agricultural insurance in developing and emerging countries, by presenting the state of uptake, drivers of the demand for it, and the potential welfare gains from it. Our review reveals that while risk aversion is necessary for the demand for agricultural insurance, liquidity constraints, rates of time preference, basis risk, and trust are equally relevant in explaining the demand for insurance in poor countries. An interesting observation is the increasing number of studies that employ randomized control trials to analyze farmers’ uptake of agricultural insurance in developing and emerging countries. Our comprehensive review finds some information gaps in the literature, and we propose some avenues for further research.

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Kellogg, Robert L., and Don W. Goss. "Development of Environmental Indicators for Use in Macroeconomic Models." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 29, no. 1 (July 1997): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800007562.

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AbstractIn the fields of agriculture and resource economics, good economics is predicated by good science. By partnering more with physical scientists, economists will be better able to provide the broad policy-making community with practical recommendations for addressing resource issues. An example of collaboration is presented for the development of environmental indicators of the potential risk to the environment of die loss of pesticides from farm fields, which will be used by economists to adjust conventionally measured agricultural output for water quality impacts associated with agricultural production.

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Deconinck, Koen. "Concentration in Seed and Biotech Markets: Extent, Causes, and Impacts." Annual Review of Resource Economics 12, no. 1 (October 6, 2020): 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-102319-100751.

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The merger of Dow and DuPont, the acquisition of Syngenta by ChemChina, and the acquisition of Monsanto by Bayer have recently reshaped the global seed and biotech industry and caused concern about growing market concentration. This review documents market concentration in seed and agricultural biotech markets and discusses its causes and impacts. The available evidence suggests that concentration in seed markets varies strongly by crop and by country, while markets for biotech traits are considerably more concentrated. Complementarities between seed, biotech, and crop protection chemicals explain much of the observed structural changes in the industry, and new complementarities may be emerging with digital agriculture. Although growing concentration might in theory lead to higher prices and less innovation, evidence on this is currently limited; this tendency is also in part offset by the remedies imposed by competition authorities.

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Magruder, Jeremy R. "An Assessment of Experimental Evidence on Agricultural Technology Adoption in Developing Countries." Annual Review of Resource Economics 10, no. 1 (October 5, 2018): 299–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100517-023202.

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This article reviews recent results on technology adoption in developing countries, primarily from field experiments. It focuses on studies that highlight three constraints to adoption: credit, insurance, and information. Interventions supplying credit are consistently effective in spurring technology adoption for a minority of farmers, while interventions supplying insurance have had more mixed results. This review suggests that one mitigating factor on demand for both of these products is incomplete information, which adds additional uninsurable risk to the technology adoption decision. A broad group of studies identify the presence of strong informational frictions. The review concludes with some potential directions for future research.

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Fisher, Ann, William J. Wheeler, and Rami Zwick. "Experimental Methods in Agricultural and Resource Economics: How Useful are They?" Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 22, no. 2 (October 1993): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106828050000469x.

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Experimental economics has the potential to fill some of the gaps in the economist's tool kit. This article describes experimental economics, its advantages and disadvantages, and why this tool might be a good choice in some situations. The article summarizes the history of its use by agricultural and resource economists. An illustrative example compares laboratory experiment data with survey data.

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Stock, Wendy A., and John J. Siegfried. "The Labor Market for New Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics Ph.D.s." Review of Agricultural Economics 28, no. 1 (March 2006): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9353.2006.00278.x.

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Bessler, David A., Jeffrey H. Dorfman, Matthew T. Holt, and Jeffrey T. LaFrance. "Econometric Developments in Agricultural and Resource Economics: The First 100 Years." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 92, no. 2 (April 2010): 571–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aaq010.

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von Witzke, Harald. "The Economics of Agricultural Development. World Food Systems and Resource Use." European Review of Agricultural Economics 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2007): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbm013.

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Holden, Stein T. "Economics of Farm Input Subsidies in Africa." Annual Review of Resource Economics 11, no. 1 (October 5, 2019): 501–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-094002.

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Fertilizer and other input subsidies have been prominent components of agricultural policies in many Asian and African countries since the 1960s. Their economic and political rationale is scrutinized with emphasis on the second generation of targeted input subsidy programs that were scaled up in Sub-Saharan Africa after 2005. The extent to which they fulfill the goal of being market smart is assessed after inspecting the potential for such subsidies in Sub-Saharan Africa. The new fertilizer subsidy programs do not live up to the market-smart principles and suffer from severe design and implementation failures. While a clear exit strategy was one of the key principles, this has been neglected, with the result that most current programs are more sticky than smart. They have only partially achieved the intended impacts and have resulted in a number of unintended negative impacts. Subsidy program redesign should start from a pilot stage testing basic mechanisms.

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