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Journal articles on the topic 'Agricultural chemicals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Amalan, A. Adaikalaraj, and I. Arul Aram. "Media influence in agriculture practices and scopes for non-chemical agricultural messages." Communications in Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (2023): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21924/chss.3.2.2023.51.

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Non-chemical agricultural methods can improve soil health, conserve ecology and enhance biodiversity, and are more sustainable. Media messages trigger a change in farmers’ attitudes that needs to be studied to understand their practices. This study used the Diffusion of Innovation theory to figure out how farmers accept chemicals in farming practices from the media and how the chemicals impact the environment. The objective is to understand how media influence farmers towards chemical fertilizers and pesticides, to find out which media has been widely used by farmers, and to find out which the

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2

Wang, Z., S. Zheng, H. H. Wang, and S. Liang. "Determinants of agricultural chemical price in China’s export-oriented vegetable production area." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 56, No. 1 (2010): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1/2009-agricecon.

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Agricultural chemicals may have an adverse impact on environment and food safety. The demand prices of such chemicals reveal farmers’ willingness to pay and their preferences. This article examines the determinants of the agricultural chemicals price in the export-oriented vegetable production area, Anqiu, Shandong Province, applying the Hedonic Price Model based on the spatial econometric technique to analyze the price. We find that the agricultural chemicals with a different shape and function have different equilibrium prices, and the chemical attributes of permeability, rainfastness, being

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3

Plumlee, Konnie H. "Toxicosis from agricultural chemicals." Clinical Techniques in Equine Practice 1, no. 2 (2002): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ctep.2002.34238.

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4

Boxall, Alistair, Anthony Hardy, Sabine Beulke, et al. "Impacts of climate change on indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals from agriculture." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 15, no. 3 (2010): 743–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232010000300017.

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Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens/ chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. We assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens/chemicals in agricultural systems in the UK and discuss the effects on health impacts, using expert input and literature on climate change; health effects from exposure to pathogens/chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals/pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens/chemicals in agricultural systems. We established the evidence base for healt

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5

Taylor, C. Robert, John B. Penson, Edward G. Smith, and Ronald D. Knutson. "Economic Impacts of Chemical Use Reduction on the South." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 23, no. 1 (1991): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200017763.

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A growing segment of society is concerned about a myriad of health and environmental issues related to the use of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals. Despite the leveling-off of agricultural chemical use in the 1980s, chemical use in agriculture has come to be seen as a two-edged sword. On the positive side, agricultural chemicals have become the engine for world-wide productivity gains. These chemicals have contributed to increased yields per acre and have reduced waste in storage and distribution. On the negative side, agricultural chemicals are perceived by many to present risks to

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6

Junthothai, Damrongsak, Naksit Sakdapat, Pannika Ngamcharoen, and Duchduen Bhanthumnavin. "Exploratory Research for the Study of Agricultural Chemical Hazard Prevention Behavior of Farmers in ASEAN Countries." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 21 (June 6, 2025): 667–73. https://doi.org/10.37394/232015.2025.21.55.

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This research is quantitative. Based on a questionnaire to study the behavior of farmers in ASEAN countries to prevent the hazards of agricultural chemicals. The sample used is farmers in ASEAN countries with 400 people. A total of 6 questionnaires were used, all of which passed quality checks with confirmatory factor analysis. The results support all hypotheses. The main results of the analysis were as follows: 1) The prediction coefficient of agricultural chemical hazard prevention behavior was R 2 = 0.82 The most influential results from knowledge of chemical use to agricultural chemical ha

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7

Song, Myoungki, Minwook Kim, Sea-Ho Oh, et al. "Influences of Organic Volatile Compounds on the Secondary Organic Carbon of Fine Particulate Matter in the Fruit Tree Area." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (2021): 8193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178193.

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Three combined investigations were conducted to examine the sources of PM2.5 in agricultural areas. The first was the measurement of PM2.5 and gaseous compounds in the greenhouse, which is a relatively closed system, while the second was the analysis of pesticide components used in agricultural areas. Finally, the physical and chemical properties of PM2.5 were analyzed in an orchard area and compared with the results of the greenhouse and agricultural chemical analyses. As a result, this research was able to confirm the source of emission and characteristics of PM2.5 originating from the agric

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8

G., R. V., and W. T. Thomson. "Agricultural Chemicals, Book IV. Fungicides." Mycologia 84, no. 2 (1992): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3760273.

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9

Miyahara, Sumihiko. "Application Techniques of Agricultural Chemicals." Journal of Pesticide Science 28, no. 3 (2003): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.28.386.

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10

Saito, Takeshi. "Application Techniques of Agricultural Chemicals." Journal of Pesticide Science 28, no. 3 (2003): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.28.392.

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11

Gale, Allen E. "Accidental poisoning with agricultural chemicals." Medical Journal of Australia 149, no. 5 (1988): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120622.x.

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12

Christophers, Allen J. "Accidental poisoning with agricultural chemicals." Medical Journal of Australia 150, no. 3 (1989): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1989.tb136411.x.

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13

Gale, Allen E. "Accidental poisoning with agricultural chemicals." Medical Journal of Australia 150, no. 3 (1989): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1989.tb136412.x.

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14

Maslowsky, Edward. "Agricultural chemicals for consumer use." Journal of Chemical Education 62, no. 9 (1985): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed062p774.

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15

Cornford, Clive. "Agricultural chemicals of the future." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 18, no. 3 (1987): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(87)90090-9.

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16

Bouwer, Herman. "Agricultural chemicals and groundwater quality." Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 45, no. 2 (1990): 184–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224561.1990.12456459.

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17

Bender, Jim. "Agricultural addiction." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 5, no. 4 (1990): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300003623.

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AbstractImpediments to agricultural change extend beyond lack of appropriate research and the federal farm program to addiction to use of agricultural chemicals. Several recent trends in American agriculture have been caused by or have resulted in dependence on agricultural chemicals. They include the continuing separation of livestock from farms, farm size, separation of ownership and farming of the land, discontinuity of learned procedures, part-time farming, and certain aspects of noxious perennial weeds. This implies that prospects for agricultural change are related to the trends with whi

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18

Skelhorn, John, and Candy Rowe. "Frequency-dependent taste-rejection by avian predation may select for defence chemical polymorphisms in aposematic prey." Biology Letters 1, no. 4 (2005): 500–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0359.

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Chemically defended insects advertise their unpalatability to avian predators using conspicuous aposematic coloration that predators learn to avoid. Insects utilize a wide variety of different compounds in their defences, and intraspecific variation in defence chemistry is common. We propose that polymorphisms in insect defence chemicals may be beneficial to insects by increasing survival from avian predators. Birds learn to avoid a colour signal faster when individual prey possesses one of two unpalatable chemicals rather than all prey having the same defence chemical. However, for chemical p

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19

Schoolman, Ethan D. "Do direct market farms use fewer agricultural chemicals? Evidence from the US census of agriculture." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 34, no. 5 (2018): 415–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170517000758.

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AbstractAre strong local food systems better for the environment than conventional food systems where relatively close proximity between points of production and consumption is not a defining characteristic? Despite growing support for efforts to strengthen local food systems, surprisingly little is known about the relationship of local food to environmental sustainability. In particular, the relationship of local food systems to the use of agricultural chemicals to manage pests, weeds and disease has not been a subject of systematic research. In this paper, I use longitudinal data from the US

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20

MAEKAWA, Ken-ichi, Kensuke KAGAWA, Yasunari MATSUNO, et al. "Four Cases of Agricultural Chemicals Poisoning." JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL MEDICINE 46, no. 1 (1997): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2185/jjrm.46.52.

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21

Yoneyama, Katsuyoshi. "A private view on agricultural chemicals." Journal of Pesticide Science 32, no. 4 (2007): 423–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.32.423.

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22

Adachi, Yoshinori, Hajime Aoyama, Kazuyoshi Ishikawa, et al. "Development of Agricultural Chemicals Injection Robot." Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 28, no. 7 (2010): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.28.821.

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23

Bingham, S. A. "Agricultural Chemicals in the Food Chain." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 82, no. 5 (1989): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107688908200526.

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24

Tillotson, Patti, and Don Goolsby. "Agricultural Chemicals and Water Quality Session." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 74, no. 39 (1993): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93eo00544.

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25

Manunayaka, G., and S. Ganesamoorthi. "Knowledge of Vegetable Growers on the Effects of Agricultural Chemicals." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (2023): 784–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102716.

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The present study was conducted in Kolar district of Karnataka state during 2018-19 to understand the knowledge level of vegetable growers on the effects of agricultural chemicals. The data was collected from 120 vegetable growing farmers in Kolar and Malur talukas by applying simple random sampling technique and pretested interview schedule. Results revealed that more than forty per cent of the vegetable growers (42.50 %) possessed medium level of knowledge on the effects of agricultural chemicals, more than three fourth of the vegetable growers. (77.50 %) knew that taking bath using soap imm

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26

Panda, Subhranshu, Padmini Priyadarsini, Ujju Kumara, et al. "Review on Organic and Chemical Farming in Agricultural Sector." Asian Journal of Biology 20, no. 4 (2024): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2024/v20i4397.

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Present day healthy food is very important but farmers and market people are using more chemicals so that total recourses are polluted. Mainly farmers using more chemical fertilizer so that it is affected to soil, resource, human health, animals and plants. These all are polluted due to inorganic farming. The main objective of the study is to reduce chemical fertilizers for growing yields and also not use chemicals in marketing. So, that reduces diseases like cancer, heart attack, stroke and many other type of diseases. Improvement of organic yields is very important in that way to involve gov

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27

Xaviera, Allodya Nadra, Alya Hijrianisa, Astrid Blandina Cynthia Lubis, Elva Stiawan, and G. Gunaryo. "Safety induction for agricultural workers in particular areas of Gadog Village in handling hazardous agrochemical exposures." Journal of Community Service and Empowerment 5, no. 2 (2024): 376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jcse.v5i2.30180.

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An integrated program of community service and chemical teaching has been conducted to deliver proper information to handle chemical agents that are commonly used in agricultural activities. This initiative addresses the limitation of chemical understanding among local farmers and livestock breeders regarding the safety aspect of common agrochemicals, leading to either health risks or environmental problems. Knowledge regarding agrochemical handling and disposal was delivered through presentations, discussions, and hands-on practices. Accordingly, through this community service, we encouraged

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28

Patil, Shreya R. "Chemical Contaminants of Water and Human Health Consequences." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 16 (2024): 590–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i164340.

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Safe drinking water is from an improved water source that is located on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. To achieve the highest level of health, the drinking water must be safe, accessible, and with proper sanitation. People depend on clean drinking water to survive; it is also necessary for recreation, bathing, cooking and cleaning. The review focuses on to identify the main chemical contaminants, their sources and the associated health impacts. Data published in reputed academic journals was reviewed and used for present study. Results

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29

Barden, Graeme. "Regulation of Microbial Organisms in Australia – A Technical Overview." Phytoprotection 79, no. 4 (2005): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706150ar.

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The National Registration Authority for Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals (NRA) is the regulatory body responsible for the coordinated registration, regulation and review of agricultural and veterinary (agvet) chemicals up to and including the point of retail sale. This role is defined by the Agvet Code, 1994. Each of Australia's eight states and territories retains its own jurisdictional controls over the use of agricultural and veterinary products. The NRA may issue permits to exercise control over research agricultural and veterinary (agvet) chemicals. Under defined emergency conditions

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30

Quandt, Sara, Thomas Arcury, Colin Austin, and Rosa Saavedra. "Farmworker and Farmer Perceptions of Farmworker Agricultural Chemical Exposure in North Carolina." Human Organization 57, no. 3 (1998): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.57.3.n26161776pgg7371.

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Agricultural chemicals pose health risks for farmworkers engaged in cultivating and harvesting crops. In a project to develop culturally appropriate interventions to reduce farmworker exposure to agricultural chemicals, formative research used in-depth interviews and focus groups to elicit beliefs and knowledge about exposure from farmers and migrant and seasonal farmworkers in North Carolina. Farmworkers were concerned about acute effects they attributed to exposure and had little knowledge of long-term effects of low-level exposure. They believe that some individuals are inherently more susc

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31

Saparbayev, Abdizhapar, Aiymzhan Makulova, Assel Kaziyeva, Zaure Klyshbayeva, and Elmira Saparbayeva. "Optimization models for the use of agricultural aviation when performing chemical works." SHS Web of Conferences 107 (2021): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110706001.

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The article discusses the optimization models for the use of agricultural aviation when performing chemical works. The question of determining the need of vehicles for the maintenance of agricultural work is of great national economic importance. Aviachemical method is firmly established in the technology of cultivation of grain crops. First of all, this is due to the fact that, compared to ground-based methods, the aero-chemical method of chemization of agriculture has a number of technical and economic advantages, including a higher quality and uniformity of chemicals, eliminates mechanical

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32

AOYAMA, Hajime, Kazuyoshi ISHIKAWA, Junya SEKI, et al. "1A1-B04 Practical Agricultural Chemicals Injection Robot(Robotics and Mechatronics in Agriculture)." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2011 (2011): _1A1—B04_1—_1A1—B04_4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2011._1a1-b04_1.

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33

Jones, Russell L. "Use of Modeling in Developing Label Restrictions for Agricultural Chemicals." Weed Technology 6, no. 3 (1992): 683–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00036058.

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The movement and degradation of agricultural chemicals in soil and groundwater is a complex process, influenced by climatic conditions, site characteristics, chemical properties, and agricultural practices. Because of this complexity, mechanistic models are useful tools in evaluating environmental fate. Although currently available unsaturated zone models often do not provide accurate concentration profiles when compared with field measurements, they can be used to estimate the depth and extent of movement. Another application of modeling is to compare predicted movement under different simula

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34

OKUDAIRA, Hiromi. "The state of agricultural chemicals in Japan." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 49, no. 2 (1987): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.49.222.

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35

THAYER, ANN M. "Floods, Drought Buffet Volatile Agricultural Chemicals Market." Chemical & Engineering News 71, no. 39 (1993): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v071n039.p015.

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36

Ray, Chittaranjan, T. W. David Soong, George S. Roadcap, and Deva K. Borah. "Agricultural chemicals: effects on wells during floods." Journal - American Water Works Association 90, no. 7 (1998): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1998.tb08472.x.

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37

DO PICO, Guillermo A. "Lung (Agricultural/Rural)." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 114, no. 2 (1996): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989670168-7.

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Industrialization of farming, animal raising, and forestry has added chemical and mechanical hazards that need to be recognized and prevented. Lung disease among farmworkers can result from a wide variety of hazardous exposures, which include organic dusts, allergens, chemicals, toxic gases, and infectious agents. In addition to nonspecific symptoms of mucous membrane irritation, farmworkers can experience occupational asthma or bronchitis, organic dust toxic syndrome, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, silo filler's disease (toxic hemorrhagic pulmonary edema), and neuromuscular respiratory failure

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38

Yactayo-Chang, Jessica P., Hoang V. Tang, Jorrel Mendoza, Shawn A. Christensen, and Anna K. Block. "Plant Defense Chemicals against Insect Pests." Agronomy 10, no. 8 (2020): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081156.

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Insect pests cause significant global agricultural damage and lead to major financial and environmental costs. Crops contain intrinsic defenses to protect themselves from such pests, including a wide array of specialized secondary metabolite-based defense chemicals. These chemicals can be induced upon attack (phytoalexins) or are constitutive (phytoanticipins), and can have a direct impact on the pests or be used indirectly to attract their natural enemies. They form part of a global arms race between the crops and their insect pests, with the insects developing methods of suppression, avoidan

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39

Aslanova, E. "Environmental Problems of the Agricultural Sector in Azerbaijan." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 11 (2020): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/60/19.

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The article deals with the issues of soil chemicalization in the fight against plant pests. The results of the analysis of the application of existing technologies are analyzed. A developed and patented method is proposed, which provides for the collection of pollutants into special furrows that promote the targeted action of chemicals. the reasons were identified that create a problem in the introduction of chemical plant protection products.

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40

Barua, Prabal, and Chaiti Barua. "Exploration of Different Study on Organic and Chemical Cultivation in Agricultural Sector." Parana Journal of Science and Education 10, no. 1 (2024): 4–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10559749.

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Healthy food is crucial in the modern world, but farmers and market vendors are employing more chemicals, which is polluting the waterways overall. Farmers are primarily using more chemical fertilizers, which have an impact on the soil, resources, animals, plants, and human health. They're all contaminated because of inorganic farming. Therefore, the key is to avoid using chemicals in marketing and to use less chemical fertilizers to increase yields. Consequently, this lowers the risk of developing cancer, heart attacks, strokes, and many other illnesses. Enhancing organic yields is crucial be

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41

Gunawan, Veronica Natalia, Yosef Budi Susanto, and David Tjahjana. "Marketing Transformation of Agrochemical Products in Potential Exploitation E-Commerce." Global International Journal of Innovative Research 2, no. 8 (2024): 1688–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.59613/global.v2i8.258.

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This study examines the transformation of agricultural chemical product marketing in exploring e-commerce potential. Rapid technological advancements provide new opportunities in product marketing, including agricultural chemicals. A significant number of farmers still do not use the internet, leading to uncertainty among chemical companies about whether digitalization can sustain their business. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Behavioral Control, Perceived Usefulness, Subjective Norms, and Digital Literacy on purchase intention. The

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42

Fratiwi, Inike, Asia Afriyani, Ratih Wijayanti, and Muhammad Agus. "Educating Rubber Farmers on The Use of Chemical Substances Affecting the Generation of B3 in Panca Desa Banyuasin I." International Journal Of Community Service 5, no. 1 (2025): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.51601/ijcs.v5i1.834.

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A program to educate rubber farmers on the use of chemicals with B3 impacts has been implemented in Panca Desa Banyuasin I by Serasan University. The program aimed to increase farmers' awareness and knowledge of the dangers of hazardous chemicals and encourage the adoption of more environmentally friendly agricultural practices. Several rubber farmers participated in extension and training that included materials on chemical management, organic fertilizer use, and environmentally friendly farming. The results of the activities showed that farmers' level of understanding of the materials improv

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43

Situmorang, Marningot, and Boy Angga. "Development of Biofertiliser Based on Agricultural Waste for Sustainable Agriculture." Agriculture Power Journal 1, no. 4 (2024): 10–18. https://doi.org/10.70076/apj.v1i4.37.

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Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the use of chemical fertilisers in Indonesia has increased by 50% in the last two decades, contributing to the decline of soil fertility and groundwater pollution (Rosadi, 2023). Research by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) found that the use of biofertilisers from agricultural waste can reduce the need for chemical fertilisers by up to 40%, while improving soil fertility in a sustainable manner. This research will focus on the development of agricultural waste-based biofertiliser formulations, with trials of their application

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44

Inostroza, Pedro A., Eric Carmona, Åsa Arrhenius, Martin Krauss, Werner Brack, and Thomas Backhaus. "Target Screening of Chemicals of Emerging Concern (CECs) in Surface Waters of the Swedish West Coast." Data 8, no. 6 (2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data8060093.

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The aquatic environment faces increasing threats from a variety of unregulated organic chemicals originating from human activities, collectively known as chemicals of emerging concern (CECs). These include pharmaceuticals, personal-care products, pesticides, surfactants, industrial chemicals, and their transformation products. CECs enter aquatic environments through various sources, including effluents from wastewater treatment plants, industrial facilities, runoff from agricultural and residential areas, as well as accidental spills. Data on the occurrence of CECs in the marine environment ar

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45

Suhari, Suhari, Mashuri Mashuri, and Zainal Abidin. "AGRICULTURAL EMERGENCY: IDENTIFYING RISK BASED ON AGRICULTURAL HEALTH NURSING." Nurse and Health: Jurnal Keperawatan 10, no. 2 (2021): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36720/nhjk.v10i2.229.

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Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to identify the integrated emergency risks of farmers based on nursing models in the agricultural area of Lumajang, Indonesia.Materials and Methods: A quantitative design with a descriptive approach was performed through the identification of threats, vulnerabilities, and capabilities in 357 farmers in integrated emergency response with cluster sampling techniques. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. Data analysis was carried out using the Job Safety Analysis scoring method of the Australian and

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46

R Hema Krishna. "Studies on emerging chemical risks on Living beings in a chemical world." International Journal of Frontiers in Chemistry and Pharmacy Research 6, no. 1 (2025): 001–13. https://doi.org/10.53294/ijfcpr.2025.6.1.0021.

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Emerging chemical risks may arise from intentional or unintentional contamination of the food chain either by anthropogenic or ‘natural’ chemicals. More than 160 million chemicals are known to humans. About 40 000 to 60 000 of them can be found in commerce; 6000 of these account for more than 99% of the total volume of chemicals in commerce globally. Chemicals, whether of natural origin or produced by human activities, are part of our environment. Manufactured chemicals include industrial and agricultural products such as pesticides, petroleum products and processed metals. Some chemicals are

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47

BIEHL, MICHAEL L., and WILLIAM B. BUCK. "Chemical Contaminants: Their Metabolism and their Residues." Journal of Food Protection 50, no. 12 (1987): 1058–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-50.12.1058.

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Chemical contaminants which food animals may be exposed to include agricultural chemicals (e.g. insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, fumigants), industrial chemicals, metals and natural toxins (e.g. mycotoxins, phytotoxins, bacterial toxins). In the past, most intoxications of food animals resulted from natural toxicants. However, rapid development and usage of synthetic chemicals, while greatly benefitting society, have also provided new sources of potential chemical contamination. Various sources of contamination exist, but generally at least 80% of all residues in food animals are estimate

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48

Dr. M V Sreenivas Rao, Athmika Kavali, Geetha S, and Sharanya K P. "Design and Development of Quadcopter for Agro-Chemical Spray in Agricultural Field." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 2, no. 05 (2024): 1294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0179.

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The advent of Agricultural Drones promises to revolutionize modern farming practices by employing autonomous drones for crop surveillance and pesticide application. Outfitting quadcopters with spraying mechanisms presents numerous advantages over traditional methods. Firstly, it facilitates precise and targeted application of agro-chemicals, thereby minimizing wastage and environmental pollution. Furthermore, quadcopters exhibit the capability to effortlessly navigate challenging terrains, accessing areas previously unreachable by conventional spraying equipment and ensuring comprehensive crop

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49

Wang, Xueran, Hongguo Xie, Pei Wang, and Heng Yin. "Nanoparticles in Plants: Uptake, Transport and Physiological Activity in Leaf and Root." Materials 16, no. 8 (2023): 3097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083097.

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Due to their unique characteristics, nanoparticles are increasingly used in agricultural production through foliage spraying and soil application. The use of nanoparticles can improve the efficiency of agricultural chemicals and reduce the pollution caused by the use of agricultural chemicals. However, introducing nanoparticles into agricultural production may pose risks to the environment, food and even human health. Therefore, it is crucial to pay attention to the absorption migration, and transformation in crops, and to the interaction with higher plants and plant toxicity of nanoparticles

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Schock, Susan, Chittaranjan Ray, and Edward Mehnert. "Agricultural Chemicals: Estimating Their Occurrence in Illinois' Groundwater." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (1993): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0437.

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