Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Agricultural clubs'

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 8, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 83 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-42).

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The research was done towards obtaining a Master's Degree in the History of Education in the Post-Graduate Department of Education at the Federal University of Goiás, in Goiania-Goiás, Brazil. The research investigated the formation and function of "Agricultural Clubs" in the state of Goiás from the 1930's to the 1960's. These Agricultural Clubs were created by the government to help train the poor, rural people in Agriculture. The goals of the research were to discover what was the intention of creating these clubs, what were their pedagogical, social, political and cultural functions, and to discover what were the agents and agencies responsible for their creation, maintenance and development during the time period studied. The objectives of the research were: 1 - to identify and analyze the context of appearance and existence of agricultural clubs (schools) in the perspective of understanding their origins and motivations; 2 - map the agencies and agents that encourage their creation and diffusion; 3 - to inventory and study the political and socio-cultural role of clubs in the history of Brazilian and Goiás schooling. A wide range of printed sources were mapped and studied, mostly linked to the Ministry of Agriculture, such as thematic magazines, bulletins and periodical and educational press of national and state circulation. The sources of research were organized in thematic series and then compared to each other and to theoretical references. The historiographic basis for the identification and study of research sources was found in the production of the history of Brazilian education, especially researchers in the history of rural school and rural education. The study also discusses rural education policy researchers such as historian Sonia Regina de Mendonça and pedagogical ruralism of the Education Sociologist, Adonia Prado. The study of the sources indicated the relative importance of school agricultural clubs in the Brazilian and Goianian educational field of the period. At the end of the research, it was possible to verify that the agricultural clubs were installed in Brazil and Goiás as instruments in the service of a ruralist ideology, especially as far as the civilization of the inhabitants of the rural areas is concerned, the forging of ruralistic mentalities in the future generations of Brazilians. In this sense, the agricultural clubs express the materialization of an education project in keeping with Brazil's progress, development and insertion in the specter of capitalism, which then expanded to the peripheral regions of the known world.
A pesquisa foi realizada no curso de mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás (Linha de Pesquisa Estado, Políticas e História da Educação), investigou os Clubes Agrícolas Escolares em Goiás no período 1930-1960, a partir da seguinte problematização: quais as intencionalidades presentes na criação e institucionalização dos clubes agrícolas escolares em Goiás? Quais as suas funções pedagógicas, sociais, políticas e culturais e quais foram os agentes e agências responsáveis por sua criação, manutenção e desenvolvimento no período estudado? Os objetivos da pesquisa foram: 1- identificar e analisar o contexto de aparecimento e existência dos clubes agrícolas escolares na perspectiva de compreensão de suas origens e motivações; 2 – mapear as agências e agentes incentivadores de sua criação e difusão; 3 – inventariar e estudar o papel político e sócio- cultural dos clubes na história da escolarização brasileira e goiana. Foi mapeada e estudada uma vasta gama de fontes impressas, em sua maioria vinculada ao Ministério da Agricultura, tais como revistas temáticas, boletins e imprensa periódica e educacional de circulação nacional e estadual. As fontes de pesquisa foram organizadas em séries temáticas e, depois, confrontadas e cotejadas entre si e em relação às referências teóricas. O embasamento historiográfico para a identificação e estudo das fontes de pesquisa foi encontrado na produção da história da educação brasileira, especialmente, pesquisadores da história da escola rural e da educação rural. O estudo dialoga ainda com investigadores das políticas de educação do trabalhador rural como a historiadora Sonia Regina de Mendonça e o ruralismo pedagógico como a socióloga da educação Adonia Prado. O estudo das fontes sinalizou a relativa importância dos clubes agrícolas escolares no campo educacional brasileiro e goiano do período. Ao final da pesquisa, foi possível constatar que os clubes agrícolas escolares foram instalados no Brasil e em Goiás como instrumentos a serviço do ideário ruralista, principalmente no que concerne à civilização dos habitantes das zonas rurais a forja de mentalidades ruralistas nas futuras gerações de brasileiros. Neste sentido, os clubes agrícolas escolares expressam a materialização de um projeto de educação condizente com os anseios de progresso, desenvolvimento e inserção do Brasil ao espectro do capitalismo que então se expandia até as regiões periféricas do mundo conhecido.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 599 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 383-408). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

The purpose of this study was to determine what job responsibilities Extension 4-H youth development professionals (n = 241) chose to spend their work time doing and how the workload related to their job satisfaction and burnout. They were asked to rank order seven common, predetermined job responsibilities, based on the 4-H Professional, Research, Knowledge, and Competencies ( 4-H PRKC), and to identify their level of job satisfaction and burnout. The study utilized quantitative methods for gathering data from 4-H youth development Extension professionals from 6 land-grant universities. Over the past 25 years, there has been an increase in research investigating burnout and job satisfaction. Burnout is a serious issue that can lead to decreased productivity for the employee and increased costs for the employer. Finding the connections among burnout, job satisfaction, and work environment is important to help reduce problems, including work overload. Based on the previous research on workload, burnout, and job satisfaction, 4-H youth development professionals are prime candidates for experiencing low job satisfaction and increased burnout, which may lead to professionals leaving the organization early. To determine the workload, 4-H youth development professionals were asked to rank seven job responsibilities for each of the domains that are common to the youth development profession. The job responsibility that had the lowest mean of any from the six domains was #1 "using volunteer committees" in the volunteerism domain, with 71.9% of the respondents ranking it as one of the top two job responsibilities within the domain. Determining job satisfaction related to the individual job responsibilities was the first measurement used in identifying the level of job satisfaction in the survey. The youth development domain's job responsibility #6 "develop programs to practice life skills" provided the respondents the greatest degree of job satisfaction (M = 1.93, SD= 0.72) of any of the responsibilities with the six 4-H PRKC domains. The second instrument used to assess job satisfaction for 4-H youth development professionals was the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), in which the mean score was 3.72 (SD= 0. 79). The third and final measurement used to determine job satisfaction was the self-reported overall level of job satisfaction. The mean for the self-reported overall job satisfaction was 2.20 (SD= 0.83). The greatest degree of burnout (M = 3 .21, SD= 1.26) within any of the domains was in the youth development domain with job responsibility #7 "dealing with conflict management." This job responsibility also indicated a negative relationship between the workload rank score and job responsibility burnout (r = -0.250). The overall mean for the Burnout survey was 3.84 (SD= 0.86). The greatest burnout came from the work within the youth development domain. The 4-H youth development professionals reported feeling very little overall burnout related to their job. The overall self-reported mean for burnout was 2.75 (SD=1.17). They also reported being satisfied with their current job (M= 2.20, SD= 0.83).

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 105 p. : col. ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-75).

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Esta dissertação de mestrado buscou identificar e compreender quais as pedagogias produzidas no Clube de Mães Mulher Gaúcha, da zona rural de Santo Ângelo, que contribuem para manter a participação em grupos orientados por entidades como a Emater/Ascar. O clube de mães tem sua sede no CTG Comandaí, no distrito de Comandaí, interior de Santo Ângelo, RS. Pretendeu-se, também, identificar o lugar do clube de mães na agricultura familiar regional; observar quais pedagogias têm sido produzidas e ainda analisar os efeitos da orientação da Emater/Ascar nesse clube de mães. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo e foi realizada a partir de observações participantes. A iniciação do estudo e aplicação dos grupos de discussão com gravações de aúdio e transcrições detalhadas, anotações em diário de campo e análise das transcrições dos grupos de discussão e também da documentação desse grupo de mulheres. Utilizamos três tópicos guias de discussão: o uso do dinheiro sempre em função da família; o pensar sobre si mesmas e sobre
The present work aimed to identify and comprehend which pedagogies are produced at the mother’s club Mulher Gaúcha, in the countryside of Santo Angelo, which contributes to maintain the participation in groups oriented by entities like Emater/Ascar. The mother’s club has HQ is the CTG Comandaí, in Comandaí District, city of Santo Angelo. It was also intended to identify the place of the mother’s club in familiar agriculture; to observe which pedagogies have been produced as well as analyze the effects of Emater/Ascar’s orientation in this mother’s club. It was a qualitative research and it was achieved by the participants observation, the initiation of the study and appliance of the discussion groups with audio records and detailed transcripts notes in field diary and group transcripts analysis of discussion and also of the mother’s club documents. Three guide topics were used: money use in relation to family; the thoughts about the women and the group, as well as their work division in the families. The ref

Women have been historically written out of human achievement. This is especially true in organized conservation. Historical analyses of the Progressive conservation era and the period following to the New Deal have understated women's organized participation in conservation. Through an analysis of Women's Clubs' records, newspapers, and magazines from 1900-1932, Arizona clubwomen's activities regarding natural resources are examined. The clubwomen are found to have been mutually and simultaneously supportive of conservation, preservation, civic improvement, nature study, and recreation--antagonistic issues at differing times. They reconciled those conflicts by advocating management solutions based upon resource renewability. Behind a shield of patriotism, maternalism, and housekeeping, the clubwomen used resource conservation to encourage a healthy future for humans and the environment. Conservation also served to advance their status as women through community service and self-education.

This thesis examines the collective labour and resources utilized by farm women within the context of the farm women’s neighbourhood club in rural communities in twentieth century Southern Alberta. The ethnographic research explores the historic, cultural and political foundations of women’s labour on farms and in formal and informal farm organizations through interviews conducted with former members of two clubs that were actively involved in fundraising and philanthropic projects in their rural communities for more than forty-five years. The critical perspective argues farm women in rural clubs responded to the patriarchal farm discourse that gendered their labour by using their reproductive skills and resources to build and maintain friendships, social networks and mutuality, and do good works that ensured the livelihood of their rural communities.
vi, 141 leaves ; 29 cm.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
La investigación analiza las actividades de los Clubes 4-S (Conocer, Sentir, Salud, Servir) en el Oeste de Paraná, específicamente en el municipio de Rondón. Este programa fue implementado por la Oficina de Agricultura Técnica (ETA proyecto N ° 15), el cuerpo binacional establecida en Brasil en 1953 de un nuevo acuerdo entre los EE.UU. y los gobiernos de Brasil. Esta institución fue el responsable de la fundación y desarrollo de la extensión rural en el estado de Paraná entre 1956 y también para la propagación del proyecto de modernización agrícola en algunas regiones de Brasil. La matriz de estos Clubes es americano (Clubes 4-H que su significación es Cabeza, Corazón, Manos y Salud) y, al igual que la extensión rural, ambicionaran servir como enlace entre el conocimiento científico y su aplicación en la agricultura de subsistencia considerado por la extensión como "arcaica". Los Clubes 4-S aparecieran en Brasil en un contexto en el que se observaron los dilemas de la producción agrícola como el principal obstáculo para el desarrollo económico del país. El Estado formuló y ha reproducido cada vez más medidas para aumentar la productividad agrícola. En este estudio, se investigó el discurso de interés de las agencias de extensión rural en la formación de los jóvenes rurales como los principales impulsores de la modernización de la agricultura como liderazgos en esta región. Por otro lado, el 4-S destinaba-se a formarlos sujetos capaces de hacer frente a las técnicas "modernas" y las tecnologías difundidas por la extensión agrícola. Las principales fuentes de análisis para la preparación de esta investigación son los informes de las agencias de extensión rural de Paraná, como ETA proyecto nº 15, las directrices de la ACARPA, los periódicos locales como "Rondon Comunicación" y fuentes de la Radio Difusora como el programa "Frente Amplio de Noticias", documentos proporcionados por el Instituto Paraná de Asistencia Técnica y Extensión Rural – EMATER, Curitiba / Paraná, por el Centro de Documentación e Investigación del Oeste de Paraná – CEPEDAL.
Esta pesquisa problematiza a atuação dos Clubes 4-S (Saber, Sentir, Saúde, Servir) na região Oeste do Paraná, mais especificamente no município de Marechal Cândido Rondon. Este programa foi implantado pelo Escritório Técnico de Agricultura (ETA projeto nº 15), órgão binacional criado no Brasil em 1953 a partir de um acordo entre os governos estadunidense e brasileiro. Esta instituição foi responsável pela fundação e desenvolvimento da Extensão Rural no Estado do Paraná a partir de 1956 e, também, pela difusão do projeto de modernização da agricultura em algumas outras regiões do Brasil. A matriz desses Clubes é estadunidense (os Clubes 4-H‟s que significava Head, Heart, Hands e Health, ou seja, Cabeça, Coração, Mãos, e Saúde) e, enquanto parte da extensão, ambicionaram servir como um elo entre o saber científico e sua aplicação na agricultura de subsistência considerada pela extensão rural como “arcaica”. Os Clubes 4-S surgiram no Brasil num contexto em que os dilemas da produção agrícola eram vistos como principal entrave para o desenvolvimento econômico do país. O Estado formulou e reproduziu medidas para aumentar crescentemente a produtividade agrícola. Nesta pesquisa, foi possível constatar nos discursos das agências de extensão rural o interesse em tornar os jovens rurais os principais condutores/líderes da modernização da agricultura nesta região. Por outro lado, os 4-S pretendiam formar sujeitos aptos para lidar com estas técnicas e tecnologias “modernas” difundidas pela Extensão Rural. As principais fontes de análise para a elaboração desta pesquisa são os relatórios das agências de extensão rural do Paraná, tais como do ETA projeto nº15, da Acarpa, as diretrizes da Acarpa, os Jornais locais como o “Rondon Comunicação” e fontes da rádio Difusora como o programa “Frente Ampla de Notícias”. Trata-se em parte de documentos disponibilizados pelo Instituto Paranaense de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural – EMATER de Curitiba-PR, pelo Núcleo de Documentação e Pesquisa sobre o Oeste do Paraná - CEPEDAL, bem como, pela rádio Difusora de Marechal Cândido Rondon.

Student involvement on college campuses is important for the professional growth, leadership development and learning of today's college student. This research sought to determine the factors that influence former high school FFA members' reasons for joining and participating in the Collegiate FFA. The study showed that students who are involved in the National FFA at the secondary level are more likely to join Collegiate FFA while attending a university that offers the Collegiate FFA option. These students were actively engaged on campus and were interested in helping others. Collegiate FFA programs, the National FFA, and universities across the country should begin their recruitment efforts with current high school FFA members.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent an ancient and critical symbiotic partner with the majority of land plants, understood to promote ecosystem productivity and biodiversity and are also important to ecologically sound land management practices. The fungus is thought to be over 400 million years old, and due to a lack of an observable sexual cycle, has been placed into a select group of eukaryotes called 'ancient asexuals', which seemingly defy evolutionary theory by persisting for an extended period of time in the absence of sexual reproduction. Recently however, molecular evidence has accumulated which may suggest AMF harbour a cryptic sexual cycle. In the first chapter of this thesis, entitled "Searching for clues of sexual reproduction in the genomes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", I review evidence supporting this notion of a cryptic sexual cycle in AMF which includes: the presence of recombinational events, meiosis-specific genes as well as mating-specific transcription factors called SexM and SexP of the MATA_HMG protein family which are otherwise found only in the genomes of sexual fungi. In the second chapter, I present the main research of my MSc work where I used bioinformatic, population genetic, molecular and experimental approaches to build on this existing evidence of sexuality in AMF. These findings include the presence of a dramatically expanded family of MAT-HMG genes which are present in several isolates of the Rhizophagus irregularis and also harbour significant allele variation amongst these isolates, some of which resembles variation expected at MAT-genes in other fungi. Q-RT-PCR procedures revealed that at least some of these genes tend to increase in expression during crosses of R. irregularis isolates. We also uncovered the presence of a unique genomic region where at least three of these genes are located in tandem. Finally, several tests of recombination support the presence of intraisolate as well as interisolate recombination events occurring between these MAT-HMG genes.

Este trabajo se centra en la Asociación de Palmicultores de Shambillo (ASPASH), como una experiencia exitosa de PDA en la Amazonía peruana mediante la transición de una economía ilegal cocalera a una de legalidad basada en el cultivo de palma aceitera y producción de aceite de palma. Con más de 15 años de funcionamiento, ASPASH no solo ha logrado rentabilidad económica, sino también generar un espacio de seguridad, legalidad y de mejores expectativas de vida para los asociados y sus familias. Sin embargo, no todos los participantes en ASPASH lograron iguales resultados, por lo que se discuten los factores del éxito de algunos socios y el fracaso de otros. El objetivo de esta tesis es explicar dicha transición y el proceso de consolidación de los asociados como productores de palma aceitera. Los resultados de este trabajo permiten ver qué factores han contribuido al éxito del PDA, y, asimismo, a superar la limitada información y conceptualización de las distintas formas que esta industria puede tomar una vez consolidada
Tesis

Magister Artium - MA
The conventional top-down approach to development has been rendered unsustainable and is regarded as a poor strategy to achieving community empowerment and development. The past few decades have seen the promotion of bottom-up techniques whereby governments and developing agents collaborate with target beneficiaries and view them as equal partners in the development of their own communities. It is generally believed that the participation of farmers in agricultural projects improves the performance of the agricultural sector. However, despite the adoption of participatory models, agricultural societies have remained plagued by poverty. It is against this background that this research using the Mazowe District as a case study investigated the nature and extent of participation by small scale farmers in the Development Aid from People to People (DAPP) Farmers’ Club in order to document the extent to which farmers have been empowered. The study made use of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to gather relevant data. Broadly the findings indicate that the participation of farmers in the DAPP Farmers' Club project was substantively high. The results also suggest that the project empowered farmers to farm more productively in the case study area. In light of the findings the study recommends that governments and NGOs should follow the values and principles of the people-centred development (PCD) theory when implementing agricultural projects as it has proven to be an empowering approach. This practice may transform societies as there is an opportunity to address societal needs at grassroots level. In view of this research it can be argued that capacitating farmers through training and improving their farming skills can improve their agricultural production.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a análise de obras da arquitetura moderna brasileira de base carioca, construídas em concreto armado no período compreendido entre 1935 e 1960. É inegável que a construção teve destaque entre os vários componentes que levaram a arquitetura moderna brasileira ao reconhecimento internacional. Dentro do período citado, o Brasil figurou como líder do universo da arquitetura moderna, onde a exploração da plasticidade potencial do concreto armado foi aplicada com grande êxito. As soluções adotadas pelos arquitetos brasileiros tiveram grande repercussão, a começar pelo edifício da Associação Brasileira de Imprensa dos Irmão Roberto da sede do Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública (hoje conhecido como Palácio Gustavo Capanema) que deixaram perplexos arquitetos do mundo inteiro. Marcos da nova arquitetura no país, estes exemplares foram objeto de inovações expressivas e bem-sucedidas também no seu projeto estrutural. Para se fazer a análise das construções brasileiras, é importante estudar as origens do concreto armado e suas aplicações desde o seu surgimento, passando pela descrição de patentes registradas (ou apenas estudadas) na Europa e Estados Unidos, sem esquecer de precisar nomes e datas, fundamentais para substanciar a reivindicação de influências e precedências. Em um segundo momento, estuda-se a chegada do concreto armado no Brasil, e as obras iniciais, além de registrar as primeiras construtoras e a elaboração das primeiras normas. Nos anos 30 o concreto armado é agente da verticalização e da indústria da construção civil, domínio este comprovado através de dados técnicos e sócio-econômicos. A última parte está dedicada para a análise das obras, onde Affonso Eduardo Reidy, Álvaro Vital Brasil, Lúcio Costa, MMM Roberto e Oscar Niemeyer são os autores dos projetos. Analisados sob o aspecto de sua concepção estrutural e construtiva, os exemplares são divididos em categorias e dentro destas ordenados por cronologia de projeto e execução, onde são apresentados além do texto escrito, ilustrações das obras em andamento, finalizadas e desenhos originais e/ou elaborados por este autor, através de levantamento ou pesquisa.
The purpose of this essay is the analysis of works of the Brazihan modem architecture with carioca base, built in reinforced concrete in the period between 1935 and 1960. It is undeniable that the construction had prominence among the several components that took the Brazihan modem architecture to the international recognition. Inside of the mentioned period, Brazil represented as leader of the universe of the modem architecture, where the exploration of the potential plasticity of the reinforced concrete was applied with great success. The solutions adopted by the Brazihan architects they had great repercussion, to begin for the building of the Brazilian Association of Press of the MMM Roberto of the headquarters of Ministry of Education and Pubhc Health (known as Palácio Gustavo Capanema) that left perplexed architects of the whole world. Signal of the new architecture in the country, these copies were object of expressive and successful innovations in your structural project. To do the analysis of the Brazilian constructions, it is important to study the origins of the reinforced concrete and your applications from your appearance, going by the description of registered patents (or just studied) in Europe and United States, without forgetting of needing names and dates, fundamental to nourish the revindication of influences and precedences. In a second moment, it is studied the arrival of the reinforced concrete in Brazil, and the initial works, besides registering the first builders and the elaboration of the first norms. In the thirties the armed concrete is agent of the verticalization and of the industry of the building site, domain this proven through data technicians and socioeconomic. The last part is dedicated for the analysis of the works, where Affonso Eduardo Reidy, Álvaro Vital Brasil, Lúcio Costa, MMM Roberto and Oscar Niemeyer are the authors of the projects. Analyzed under the aspect of your structural and constructive conception, the copies are divided in categories and inside of these ordered by project chronology and execution, where they are presented besides the written text, illustrations of the works in process, concluded and drawings original or elaborated by this author, through rising or researches.

碩士
輔仁大學
歷史研究所
100
4-H Club grew up in the twentieth-century U.S. Since the late 19th century, in order to solve many rural problems, some people have created a kind of agricultural extension movement for the youth in rural areas. When the federal government established Cooperative Agricultural Extension Services System, 4-H Club has also been included, developing rapidly into well-known characteristics of today. At the end of World War II, it was spread along with the U.S. aid to many countries. Meanwhile, the 4-H youth has participated in International Farm Youth Exchange, and also began to expand the regional exchange. This study discusses the origin of the 4-H Club and how it outputted organization and promoted international rural exchange. First, this study overviews the historical development of the 4-H in U.S. Secondly, it examines around the post-war world situation, and investigate why this local organization can transplant to other countries after World War II. Finally, the gist of the study is that it researches the Taiwan’s introduction of U.S. 4-H Club, and Youth Exchange instances between Taiwan and America. Accordingly, this study offers precious perspectives from these historical experiences to study a different kind of social images and research vision.