Journal articles: 'Agricultural Engineering (General)'

1

Hudzari, R. M., M. M. Noorman, M. N. N. Asimi, M. A. M. Atar, and M. Nashriyah. "Engineering Technological in Agriculture Research and Education." Advanced Materials Research 705 (June 2013): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.705.493.

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Engineering technological especially on automation and mechanization in agricultural and plantation industry is still new and still under research and development. The application of computer, mechatronics and machines for agricultural production has been one of the outstanding developments in Malaysian agriculture. This paper describes on the recent research at Malaysian public university on the uses of computer and electronics towards machines for the agricultural operations. It has been generally agreed that industrial robotics do not provide sufficient information related to the bioproduction field, although some fundamental theories and technologies were applicable to the bioproduction machine. Agricultural products are diversified and complicated, the environment around the objects changes from time to time, and the machine mechanism should adapt to physical properties and cultivation methods of the biological objects. These are some of the considerations that agricultural mechanization needs to address. Current trend in agriculture is integration with biotechnology application, the demand of which may increase in conjunction with the land capabilities by variety humanity activities. Although adoption of one agriculture activity per house area is a viable strategy in the framework of food security, as in a general, an agricultural production is labour intensive. The agricultural landscape has seen an increase in adoption of modern technologies, be it in small scales, including those in the agro-based manufacturing sector. This, to some extent, has increased the productivity and at the same time decreased the labour dependency. In conclusion, studies on electronic and computer-assisted devices leading to automation for application in agriculture had to be perpetually carried out.

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Wheeler, Sarah Ann. "Contrasting the beliefs of Australian agricultural professionals about the benefits and costs of genetic engineering and organic agriculture." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 12 (2007): 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06294.

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Most research about genetic engineering and organic agriculture has concentrated on the views of consumers and farmers. Given the important role that scientists, extension officers and academics play in creating innovations, influencing farmer adoption and informing the public, a telephone survey targeting these individuals (n = 185) was conducted in mid 2004. The purpose of this survey was to identify the beliefs of agricultural professionals employed in the Australian public sector towards organic agriculture and genetic engineering. The beliefs of agricultural professionals about the benefits and costs of organic agriculture and genetic engineering are compared and contrasted, providing an important benchmark on their views towards these innovations. More professionals believe in the positive net benefits of genetic engineering than those who believe in the positive net benefits of organic agriculture. They believe that genetic engineering will play a vital role in influencing the sustainability of Australian agriculture in the future, namely by increasing production and improving pest and disease management. However, many professionals voiced concerns about the potential costs of genetic engineering, with many citing risk and uncertainty issues and the lack of long-term testing. At the same time, beliefs towards organic agriculture in Australia by agricultural professionals seem to be changing, with nearly two-fifths of those surveyed saying that their beliefs had become more positive towards organic agriculture in the past 5 years. The main benefit of organic agriculture is seen to be a reduction in chemicals. The main limitations are seen to be economic and production difficulties.

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Assa, Hirbod. "A financial engineering approach to pricing agricultural insurances." Agricultural Finance Review 75, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-12-2014-0041.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce a continuous time version of the speculative storage model of Deaton and Laroque (1992) and to use for pricing derivatives, in particular insurances on agricultural prices. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology of financial engineering is used in order to find the partial differential equations that the dynamics of derivative prices have to satisfy. Furthermore, by using the Monte-Carlo method (and Feynman-Kac theorem) the insurance prices is computed. Findings – Results of this paper show that insurance prices (and derivative prices in general) are heavily influenced by market structure, in particular, the demand function specifications. Furthermore, through an empirical analysis, the performance of the continuous time speculative storage model is compared with the geometric Brownian motion model. It is shown that the speculative storage model outperforms the actual data. Practical implications – Since the agricultural insurances in many countries are subsidised by government, the results of this paper can be used by policy makers to measure changes in agricultural insurance premiums in scenarios that market experiences changes in demand. In the same manner, insurance companies and investors can use the results of this paper to better price agricultural derivatives. Originality/value – The issue of agricultural insurance pricing (in general derivative pricing) is of great concern to policy makers, investors and insurance companies. To the author’s knowledge, an approach which uses the methodology of financial engineering to compute the insurance prices (in general derivatives) is new within the literature.

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Kang, Xin. "Research on the Development of Engineering Agriculture in China Based on Food Security." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 1091–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.1091.

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Engineering agriculture is the only way for China to ensure food security and to develop modern agriculture. In view of relative researches at home and abroad, learn advanced experience of engineering agriculture from America, Japan and Israel and combine the actual situation of agricultural development in China, put forward the development strategy for engineering agriculture from five levels such as structure adjustment strategy, capital entering strategy, quality improvement strategy, science and technology leading strategy and flexible management strategy. The research clarified the points and implementation methods of each strategy and established theoretical basis and implementation methods for the development of engineering agriculture in China.

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Zhang, Heyi. "Research on the Application of Agricultural Engineering Technology in Agricultural Modernization." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1699 (November 2020): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1699/1/012008.

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van den Elzen, Peter J. M., Marianne J. Huisman, Dinie Posthumus-Lutke Willink, Erik Jongedijk, André Hoekema, and Ben J. C. Cornelissen. "Engineering virus resistance in agricultural crops." Plant Molecular Biology 13, no. 3 (September 1989): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00025322.

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Fu, Xueqian, Yazhong Zhou, Feifei Yang, Lingxi Ma, Hai Long, Yujie Zhong, and Peng Ni. "A Review of Key Technologies and Trends in the Development of Integrated Heating and Power Systems in Agriculture." Entropy 23, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23020260.

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Petroleum agriculture, characterized by mechanization and chemistry, is developing rapidly in China. However, petroleum agriculture has not only brought food safety problems, but also caused great obstacles to the sustainable development of society. In view of the disadvantages of oil agriculture, we provide an upgrading plan for energy systems in agriculture. This work can help reduce carbon emissions and improve food security. We introduce the most advanced technologies in Chinese agricultural development and the technical scope includes new agricultural energy power generation, agricultural energy use and the safe operation of agricultural energy systems. We describe the detailed data of agricultural bioenvironmental and energy engineering to clarify the level of agricultural energy efficiency in China. The overall conclusion of this paper is that the deep integration of agriculture and energy internet has become the development trend of agricultural energy systems.

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Kang, Jin Cui, and Jing Long Gao. "Application of Ontology Technology in Agricultural Information Retrieval." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 1249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.1249.

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The agricultural information on the internet become more and more, it is very difficult to search accurate related information from such different information, in order to improve the efficiency of information retrieval on the internet, the intelligent searching technology of agricultural information based on ontology is proposed. The paper firstly introduces research on the agricultural ontology and information retrieval, and takes agriculture domain knowledge as research object, analyzes the characters of agricultural domain knowledge and semantics retrieval, then uses the agricultural ontology to make the structure of agriculture ontology knowledge, and constructs the related agricultural knowledge ontology and knowledge base, implementing the intelligent searching of the agricultural information. The results indicate that the application of agricultural ontology technology in the agricultural information retrieval not only achieves the intelligent retrieval of agricultural information, but also greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of agricultural information retrieval.

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Guo, Xiaoming, Sen Huang, and Yu Wang. "Influence of Agricultural Mechanization Development on Agricultural Green Transformation in Western China, Based on the ML Index and Spatial Panel Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (August 24, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6351802.

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The agricultural mechanization development can promote the high-quality development of agriculture, but the agriculture which faces the huge environmental pressure also needs to transform to the green sustainable development. Based on agricultural panel data of 30 provinces in China from the year 2008 to 2017, this paper measures the level of agricultural green transformation using the Malmquist–Luenberger (ML) index. Furthermore, the spatial panel econometric model is used to empirically investigate the impact of agricultural mechanization development on this green transformation. It concludes that the agricultural green transformation in western China shows an upward trend in fluctuations, with its overall transformation level still lower than the national average level. Besides, the agricultural mechanization operation level in the western region has a positive role in promoting the green transformation of agriculture, while the agricultural mechanization equipment level shows the opposite force. Compared with southwest China, the agricultural mechanization operation level in northwest China has a more positive impact. The improvement of farmers’ income and agricultural technology has positive impacts on agriculture green transformation in the whole western region, while agricultural human capital shows an opposite impact on the northwest and southwest.

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10

Sancilio, C., and G. Ruggiero. "The role of agricultural engineering teaching within the agricultural environment relationship in Italy." European Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 1, no. 2 (September 1994): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13892249485300171.

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11

Hou, Lin Chun, and Hui Qin Li. "The Quantitative Evaluation on the Response of Climate Change upon the Sustainability of the Agricultural Production." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 1161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.1161.

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The aim: quantitatively evaluate the response of climate change upon the sustainability of the agricultural production. The method: the paper selected two regions (Hubei and shan’xi province) which represented different climate environment, utilized modern statistic data, Principal Component Analysis and multivariate linear regression to quantitatively evaluate the influence of climate change upon agricultural production through isolating climate environment from arable area, land utilization and management and landform and so on. The conclusion: The study indicated that when environmental condition turned good to agriculture, the function of environmental condition to agriculture relatively decreased; the capability of agricultural society and production decreased too, and people could select the land to cultivate, where agricultural productivity is higher. And that when environmental condition turned bad to agriculture, the function of environmental condition to agriculture relatively increased; the capability of agricultural society and production increased, too; people could not put emphasis on the land where agricultural productivity is higher, whereas focused on productivity per capita.

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12

HAGGIN, JOSEPH. "Monsanto Uses Genetic Engineering To Solve Agricultural Problems." Chemical & Engineering News 66, no. 7 (February 15, 1988): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v066n007.p028.

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13

Wu, Li Qun, Ming Zhao, and Juan Liu. "Study on OWL-Based Construction and Inference Method of Vegetable Products Ontology." Advanced Materials Research 121-122 (June 2010): 523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.121-122.523.

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With the rapid development of information technology, ontology is gradually used for knowledge engineering and information science sphere. Agricultural Ontology mainly is composed of the concept and relationship between concepts in agricultural knowledge, as well as the computer can identify the composition of the formal description language. The goal of build the agricultural ontology is to form a common understanding of the agricultural information organizational structure, to known and analysis of knowledge in the field of agriculture so as to further establish the foundation for the agriculture semantic web. In this paper, we present a design principles and implementation process in vegetable products domain ontology. Through the collection and analysis of the field of vegetable products information as well as the use of inference engine, used to build vegetable domain ontology with OWL. In the information extraction prototype system, we achieved a semi-automatic filled with examples of vegetable products domain ontology. Through compared to the results before and after the use of inference engine, it show that vegetables and semi-automatic domain ontology building methods is feasible.

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14

Dotsenko, N. A. "FORMATION OF COMPETENCIES FOR THE STUDY OF GENERAL TECHNICAL DISCIPLINES BY BACHELORS OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT." Innovative Solution in Modern Science 6, no. 42 (October 16, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26886/2414-634x.6(42)2020.2.

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The article considers the tools of the digital environment for the formation of competencies in the study of general technical disciplines by bachelors in agricultural engineering. The concept of digital environment of higher education institution is considered. The general competencies for different subject areas are singled out, which during the educational process it is necessary to acquire bachelors of specialty 208 "Agroengineering". It is analyzed which disciplines are related to general technical and it is determined which competencies the bachelor of agricultural engineering acquires during their study. It is determined that for the training of higher education it is advisable to form workshops for learning in the informational and educational environment, in which with the help of QR-codes are links to interactive online tools: audiovisual instructions for working with computer-aided design systems, electronic test simulators, online laboratory works with multimedia support, interactive lectures with audiovisual support, multimedia presentations for practical works, online glossary, etc.Key words: general technical disciplines, bachelors in agricultural eengineering, digital environment, competencies.

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15

Li, Dewang, Jianbao Chen, and Meilan Qiu. "The Evaluation and Analysis of the Entropy Weight Method and the Fractional Grey Model Study on the Development Level of Modern Agriculture in Huizhou." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (June 9, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5543368.

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From the level of agricultural material equipment, the level of agricultural output benefit, the level of agricultural economic structure, the level of agricultural industrialization management, the level of agricultural sustainable development, and the level of rural social and economic development, based on 15 indicators, an index system for evaluating the comprehensive capacity of modern agricultural development in Huizhou was constructed. The comprehensive evaluation of the development level of modern agriculture in Huizhou from 2012 to 2018 was measured by the entropy weight method, and the evaluation was analyzed with the average level of Guangdong Province. We find out the gap between the development advantages of Huizhou and the average level of Guangdong Province, so as to promote the development of modern agriculture in Huizhou. Based on the comprehensive evaluation index of the development level of modern agriculture in Huizhou from 2012 to 2018 obtained by the entropy weight method, a fractional cumulative grey GM (1, 1) forecasting model was established, and its development ability was predicted and analyzed. The forecast result has certain guiding significance to the development of modern agriculture in Huizhou.

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Zhu, Zhi, Mei Li, and Chao Hong Ma. "Explore and Analyse Development Model of Eco-Agricultural Tourism Based on Circular Economy." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 902–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.902.

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Eco-agricultural tourism is a new type agricultural production mode, and is an effective way of agricultural sustainable development. The paper analysis the circular economy, and proposes a new model of eco-agricultural tourism of three combinations in eco-agriculture chain , eco-energy chain and eco-landscape chain based on the practice of eco-agricultural tourism of the Jiuliyu eco-tourism resort of Heyuan.

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Cong, Hong Bin, Ru Xin Li, and Xin Yue Han. "Application of Kinematics Simulation Technology in Agricultural Machinery Design." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 3447–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.3447.

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In this paper, the research status and the significance of the simulation technology were discussed, and the necessity introducing the simulation technology into the agricultural machinery design was analyzed. Through the material kinematics simulation in processing, both the component kinematics simulation and the system dynamic simulation of the agricultural machinery, a specific application of the simulation technology in the agriculture machinery design was displayed. Application of the simulation technology in the agricultural machinery design has a vital significance for enhancing their design and development ability, improving their product performance, as well as promoting new agricultural machinery and the agricultural mechanization.

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18

Holt, J. E. "A New Challenge for Mechanical Engineering in Agriculture." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Power and Process Engineering 200, no. 2 (May 1986): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1986_200_015_02.

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The mechanical engineering profession has a long and honourable history of achievements in agriculture. At the present time its contributions seem to be mainly in mechanization and in environmental structures for both plants and animals. The emphasis is on production despite the fact that in the modern food system distribution accounts for the major part of energy use and overall cost. This paper identifies agricultural distribution as an important and urgent area for the commitment of the mechanical engineer. It shows how the engineering method, which lies at the heart of the profession's contributions to society, can be applied to this large and growing sector of the economy.

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Bajla, J., Z. Balogh, and M. Božik. "Exploitation of the software product Pro/Mechanica in the agricultural research." Research in Agricultural Engineering 49, No. 4 (February 8, 2012): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4968-rae.

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The program system Pro/MechaniCa is a specific software product designed for solving of different kinds of technical problems in general engineering. We were looking for usage not only in the engineering but also in the terramechanical area. We realized a simulation loading of the soil with a rigid circular table and after the loading we calculated deformations and stresses under the table using FEM (Finite Element Method). This article shows a specific exploitation program Pro/Mechanica in an unconventional area as well as in the agricultural area.

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Wang, Xiao Mei. "Study on Relation between Agriculture Production Factors and Agricultural Economy Growth." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1629.

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As a large agricultural country, national economy as well as its social stability, development and modernization are influenced fundamentally by agricultural. Based on the views of agriculture production factors, this thesis Select land, labor, capital as indexes. In empirical analysis, it first carries out linear regression analysis and detects the agricultural economy and its influencing factors.

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Xu, Shu. "Tactics on the Development of Modern Agricultural Logistics in Central China." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.366.

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The central region is a large agricultural area in China, while the agricultural product logistics is on the stage of traditional logistics. This greatly restricts and influences the agriculture competitiveness and economic development of central China. Starting from the definition and analysis of the meaning of modern agricultural logistics, it discusses the significance and the need of the development of modern agricultural products logistics, and focuses on the suggestions and strategies to develop the modern agricultural logistics in central China. It is to provide a meaningful reference to enhance the level of the agricultural products logistics and realize the agricultural economic advantages of central China.

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Noskova, O. E. "Structural and content model of information and technical competence of the bachelor — agricultural engineer." Informatics and education, no. 6 (October 13, 2020): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2020-35-6-44-51.

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The article is devoted to the development of a structural-meaningful model of information and technical competence of bachelors studying in the direction of training “Agricultural engineering” which is one of the directions to improve the quality of general technical training of bachelors. The problem is revealed that the agricultural industrial complex needs highly qualified bachelors — agricultural engineers with a high level of information and technical competence, while this competence at the substantive level is poorly studied. Based on the analysis of works devoted to the content of information and general technical competence, and taking into account the specifics of agricultural engineering activities, the concept of “information and technical competence” is defined. The basic requirements of employers for the graduates of the direction of training “Agricultural engineering” are determined. The set of personality traits of a bachelor — agricultural engineer, forming information and technical competence, in the form of a complex of universal and general professional competencies, projected onto the subject area of general technical disciplines, taking into account the Professional Standard and the requirements of employers, is described. The main components in the structure of information and technical competence have been identified and filled with content: cognitive, motivational-value, activity and reflexive-evaluative, which together determine the target direction of general technical training of students in the direction of “Agricultural engineering”.

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Makushev, Andrey E. "Agricultural Engineering in the Middle Volga Region in the late XIX – early XX century." Economic History 15, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2409-630x.046.015.201903.241-256.

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Introduction. Observed in the late XIX – early XX centuries intensification of state participation in the development of the engineering industry was primarily due to the need to solve military-strategic problems against the background of militarization unfolding throughout the world. The support for certain areas of the so-called civil engineering was considered as one of the tools of overall economic growth and a way to increase the well-being of the people. One of these priority areas was agricultural engineering. This article will attempt to consider the development of the production of agricultural machinery and implements in the provinces of the Middle Volga region against the background of the development of this industry segment in Russia as a whole. Materials and Methods. In solving the research problems, archival materials, published data of official statistics, and also scientific literature were used. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was made by the methods of socio-economic history. The study was conducted on the basis of the principles of historicism, objectivity and systematic. The need for quantitative data processing led to the use of the statistical method. The use of modernization theory made it possible to include the development processes of the production of agricultural machinery and implements in the trend of industrial modernization. Results. Based on the study of archival and published sources, as well as the available scientific literature, the conditions, factors and basic parameters of the development of agricultural engineering in the provinces of the Middle Volga region in the late XIX – early XX centuries were examined in the context of general trends in the development of this industry on a national scale. The study showed that the first decade of the XX century is characterized by a rather dynamic development of domestic agricultural engineering, including in the Middle Volga. Several factors contributed to this: the trend of technical re-equipment of agriculture, improvement of market and transport infrastructure, the success of metallurgy in the region, customs protection, stimulation of producers through soft loans and bonuses, etc. Discussion and Conclusion. Despite the individual, mainly local successes in the development of agricultural engineering in the Middle Volga region, its role in the industrial and industrial structure of the region is hardly worth recognizing. Difficulties in the development of this area of engineering in the Middle Volga region were associated with increased competition from enterprises of industrially developed regions of Russia, foreign manufacturers, as well as handicraft production. The unfolding processes of monopolization had a double effect on agricultural engineering. On the one hand, they increased pressure on manufacturers, primarily from large metallurgical syndicates. On the other hand, the consolidation of agricultural machinery manufacturers at the beginning of the 20th century within the framework of the created monopolistic union contributed to the development of the industry as a whole and the creation of the most favorable conditions for industrial entrepreneurship in this area, including with the participation of the state.

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Adewumi, B. A. "Engineering education for agricultural and rural development in Africa." European Journal of Engineering Education 33, no. 3 (June 2008): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03043790802088665.

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Perdigones, Alicia, Diego Luis Valera, Guillermo Pedro Moreda, and Jose Luis García. "Competences in demand within the Spanish agricultural engineering sector." European Journal of Engineering Education 39, no. 5 (February 25, 2013): 527–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2013.766673.

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Jia, Gang Tao, and Tian Zhu Huang. "Agricultural Function Positions in New Period of China." Advanced Materials Research 281 (July 2011): 270–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.281.270.

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Agriculture has the main function such as food sources, raw materials, providing the elements, the consumer market and foreign exchange reserves for long time. With the development of society, agricultural function has changed in new era. The new function will replace the traditional one gradually and become the dominant feature in future, which supply agricultural products, employment and livelihood protection, ecological adjustment and cultural heritage and leisure.

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Wang, Qing Jun, and Zhi Hong Wu. "Research on Management Information System of the Logistics Supply Chain of Liaoning Agricultural and Mechanical Products." Advanced Materials Research 323 (August 2011): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.323.167.

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In allusion to the characteristics of Liaoning agricultural products logistics, this paper comes up with the management model of the logistics supply chain of Liaoning agricultural products from the aspect of information technology and the establishment of management information system of logistics supply chain of Liaoning agricultural products to achieve the transformation of agricultural products logistics from traditional function-based basic logistics to integrated logistics model, transform the agricultural production and operation mode, adjust the structure of agricultural production, establish the management model of the supply chain of agricultural products logistics based on information network which is fit for Liaoning, apply the theory of supply chain management to the producing, processing and circulation segments of agricultural products, and actively promote the development of agricultural economy and the process of agriculture industrialization in Liaoning.

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Nurrifqhi, Arian, Sri Widowati, and Mahmud Imrona. "Agricultural Information Application Design using User Centered Requirements Engineering." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1367 (November 2019): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1367/1/012017.

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Patterson, Albert E., Yang Yuan, and William R. Norris. "Development of User-Integrated Semi-Autonomous Lawn Mowing Systems: A Systems Engineering Perspective and Proposed Architecture." AgriEngineering 1, no. 3 (September 11, 2019): 453–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering1030033.

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This concept paper outlines a conceptual framework for the design and development of user-integrated semi-autonomous lawn mowing systems. This is approached from a systems engineering perspective, considering both hardware and software elements and integration with the user. This is an important and emerging field of study within the several engineering communities, including robotics, agricultural engineering, smart city development, and general systems engineering. In several sections of this paper, a review of current progress on this problem is presented (both in general and related to specific aspects of the system), followed by a discussion of the problem from a systems engineering perspective, a general system architecture developed by the authors, a preliminary set of design requirements, and a discussion of some practical implementation strategies. This work is meant to provide a baseline and motivation for the further development and refinement of these systems within the agricultural engineering and robotics communities and is relevant to both academic and commercial research.

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Roy, Bidhan, S. K. Noren, Asit B. Mandal, and Asit K. Basu. "Genetic Engineering for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Agricultural Crops." Biotechnology(Faisalabad) 10, no. 1 (December 15, 2010): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/biotech.2011.1.22.

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Zhang, Hai Xia, Yue Ming Xu, and Mei Shi Dong. "Analysis on the Driving Force of China's Rural Land Circulation." Advanced Materials Research 772 (September 2013): 872–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.872.

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The circulation of rural land in China's agriculture and rural development to a certain stage of the product, an effective improvement of the rural land system in the implementation of the present the household contract responsibility system on the basis of, is the realization of Urbanization, the breakthrough and the key of agricultural modernizatio. Economic driving force is the main reason of the circulation of agricultural land, policies and regulations and institutional change, labour force transfer, agricultural product price. The degree of Agricultural Mechanization, the degree of Agricultural Mechanization, comprehensive function of social culture, to promote the circulation of farmland. This paper uses the method of regression analysis, cause analysis of rural land circulation in China, in order to explore long-term mechanism of agricultural land transfer.

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Rehman, Abdur, and Wang Jian. "Agricultural Natural Disasters Mitigation in Hebei Province China." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 1979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.1979.

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Agriculture by nature is a risky business, not only natural calamities but also other environmental factors such as political system, law, policy, social factors and many others has profoundly affecting the agricultural development. However the current paper mainly concentrates on the four main kinds of natural calamities such as drought, flood, wind hail and frost etc affecting the agricultural development of Hebei province China. In order to evaluate and mitigate the province from the agricultural natural calamities, the panel data from 1990-2012 of four agricultural natural disasters covered and affected areas are analyzed. It defined and measured the rates of disaster reduction and affected, gives the analysis and mitigation of agricultural natural disasters. According to the extent and the areas of distribution of a variety of calamities in the losses of crops, use basic statistical methods to analyze the development trend and the affected areas variation of various calamities, such as it discussed the natural calamity's long term changes in the diversity and complexity of features. Finally from the prospective of macro policy the study responds and concludes some mitigation measures to compete with agricultural natural calamities.

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Varjani, Sunita, Duu-Jong Lee, and Quanguo Zhang. "Valorizing agricultural biomass for sustainable development: biological engineering aspects." Bioengineered 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 522–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2020.1759185.

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Cheng, Hao, Suo Cheng Dong, Yu Li, and Ze Hong Li. "Application of Garden Art in Modern Sightseeing Agriculture Planning." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1809.

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Modern sightseeing agriculture is a new type of agriculture, which is developed on the basis of traditional agriculture, gets agricultural production and tourism and leisure together. In the planning of modern sightseeing agriculture, integrate the garden art theory, create a unique landscape with agricultural characteristics, which can enrich the spiritual life of the people, achieve organic unity of economic, social and ecological benefits. This article combines garden art with modern sightseeing agriculture, gradually elaborates the application of garden art in modern sightseeing agriculture from four levels such as philosophical thought, layout concept, spatial and temporal concept, and emotion view, researches on several projects of sightseeing agriculture in minority concentrated region of China, completes the overall artistic interpretation to modern sightseeing agriculture garden, provides a new way for development of modern sightseeing agriculture, has great significance of guiding the modern sightseeing agriculture to realize diversified development.

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Monhollon, Luke E., and Deepak R. Keshwani. "Leveraging Crop Budgets to Assess the Environmental Impact of Agricultural Operations." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 37, no. 4 (2021): 573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.14453.

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Highlights Agriculture Extension Resources should be used for regional life cycle assessments of agriculture. Fertilizer is the major contributing factor of environmental impact, when using a spatial functional unit. Ecoinvent may under-estimate the environmental impact of maize production. Abstract . Current attempts to quantify the sustainability of agricultural operations are hampered by the lack of information to adequately address variation of farming operations. Differences in weather, soil, local consumers, and transportation pathways affect the agricultural operation of a given parcel of land. These differences may significantly influence life cycle assessments involving agricultural systems. Agricultural extension publications and human expertise may fill gaps present in commonly utilized databases for environmental impact calculations. A methodology was developed integrating information from Nebraska Crop Budgets with Ecoinvent 3.6 in OpenLCA, to investigate pesticide production contribution and compare environmental impacts on a per acre and per bushel basis. Seven budgets were selected, outlining no-till corn production under no-rotation, soybean/corn rotation, and ecofallow schemes. Of thirteen tested pesticides, only five were greater than 5% of the total impact relative to 19-Corn in at least one impact category. Pesticide contribution was greatest for products containing multiple active ingredients and with higher yearly applied amounts. Exclusion of pesticide production in agricultural life cycle assessments may not significantly impact results. Relative impacts between budgets were greater than 83% on a per acre and per bushel basis compared to Ecoinvent, demonstrating life cycle assessments can be impacted by operational differences within similar production systems. Per acre impacts were 4% less to 227% greater than published maize grain production in Ecoinvent 3.6 for the United States. Per bushel impacts were similar at 6% to 280% greater. Result differences are dependent on the crop budget used and impact category considered. Fertilizer was the greatest contributor toward all tested categories. Per acre calculations were defined by applied nitrogen while per bushel calculations followed nitrogen productivity. With simple integration and specificity granted with crop budgets, extension resources should be used for region-specific life cycle assessments of agricultural and bio-based products to replace general assumptions. Keywords: Crop production, Extension, Food energy water nexus, Life cycle assessment, Sustainability.

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Foppa-Pedretti, Ester, Giovanni Riva, Giuseppe Toscano, and Daniele Duca. "CONSIDERATIONS ON RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND THEIR RELATED PERSPECTIVES OFAGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 41, no. 2 (June 30, 2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2010.2.35.

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This paper discusses some considerations and advances a number of proposals about the potential of Agricultural Engineering to contribute to the field of renewable energy, with an emphasis on biomass. Several areas for action are identified. First, general education and teaching of students who will go on to become technicians and professionals in the sector of renewable energies, even though the characteristics of the sectors are still fuzzy. Diffusion of the energy culture, a too often neglected aspect that is however indispensable to sustain the overdue penetration of renewable energies in Italy, is an additional area for action. Another critical area, energy planning, is currently viewed mainly as involving the assessment on more or less wide areas of energy consumption and for the scope of replacing fossil resources with renewables to meet some energy requirements. A more complex, overarching issue is energy efficiency, especially of buildings, which should be a mainstay of the planning process but is in fact not so clearly addressed in development plans for renewables. At this same level, all interactions among production sectors should be assessed, to enhance the role of agriculture, one of the new potential energy-producing sectors and one of the possible prospective suppliers of renewable energy for different final users, from households to the service sector and industry. Agricultural Engineering has the skills needed to implement all these different actions. A role for it in advanced research, i.e. biotechnologies, can and should also be envisaged. Its work in the renewable energy sector should closely involve microbiological, genetic, chemical, agronomic, and animal research to define the goals to be pursued and to implement intuitions. In this way, Agricultural Engineering would increasingly be characterized as Biosystems Engineering.

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Luo, Fang, Hong Li Bao, Zhen Tang Ke, and Qing Wang. "Identification Studying on the Low-Carbon Agriculture Development Status Quo of Huanggang City, Hubei Province." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 950–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.950.

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To realize the goal of reducing carbon emission per unit of GDP by 40-45 percent by 2020 from 2005 levels in China, as a big agriculture city in a big agriculture province, Hubei Province, Huanggang city developing low-carbon agriculture is extremely urgent. According to the data in 1995-2011, the gross agricultural output value is regressed on “high-carbon” and “low-carbon” variables, and then based on the variables’ significance, low-carbon agriculture development status quo of Huanggang city is discriminating. It turned out that all variables have significant effects on the gross agricultural output value, and combining with calculated contributing ratio of each factor, the conclusion of agriculture of Huanggang city running on a high-carbon path is drawn. Hence, the policy proposals of returning agriculture development mode of low-carbon and sustainable is put forward lastly.

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Bhadu, Anu. "Application and Participation of Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 07 (July 23, 2021): 1140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/07261.

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This study provides a detailed review of the literature on the use of artificial intelligence in agriculture. Agriculture has numerous obstacles, including disease, incorrect soil management, drainage, and irrigation, among others… By this is due to catastrophic crop loss and environmental threats of chemical excessiveness. Many researchers have been concluded to address these issues. With its learning capabilities, artificial intelligence has become a vital approach for solving various agricultural difficulties. Systems are being created to aid agricultural specialists around the world in finding better answers. It covers 100 important contributions where the challenges related to agriculture are encountered by artificial intelligence techniques. Readers will be able to see how agriculture has changed in many ways through (1983 to 2017) 34 years.

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Sun, Pei Feng, and Yong He. "Study on Remote Distributed Fault Diagnosis System in Modern Agricultural Machinery." Advanced Materials Research 225-226 (April 2011): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.225-226.356.

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A remote distribution based agricultural mechanical fault diagnosis system was proposed against the characteristics of high technology and difficult fault diagnosis in the modern agriculture and the time-sensitive requirements in agricultural production. The paper introduced the overall system architecture and working principle, analyzed the development of site monitoring and diagnostic system, remote diagnosis center, network communication systems, and software systems development, and investigated the system’s main implementation techniques, which include network database technology, data compression and transmission technology and system security technology.

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Simbirskikh, Ye S., and NIKITA O. RACHEEV. "TEACHING CAPABILITIES OF ROBOTIC VR- CONSTRUCTORS IN THE TRAINING PROGRAMS OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS FOR THE DOMESTIC FARM INDUSTRY." Agricultural engineering, no. 2 (2021): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2687-1149-2021-2-75-79.

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The paper discusses the didactic advantages and features of the use of such immersive technologies as “virtualconstructor” in the practical training of BSc students (training area 35.03.04 “Agricultural Engineering”) for the domestic farmindustry. VR-constructors are software products that fully emulate a virtual environment with a 360° view, the distinctive featureof which is to maximize the possibilities for interacting with virtual objects in terms of their study, movement and transformationof the object system. As applied to the training of agricultural engineers such systems of virtual objects can be represented by properlydesigned training mechanisms of engines, various irrigation systems in hydroponic installations or a specifi c soil profi le with itsindividual horizons. The authors conducted analysis of scientifi c literature, refl ecting the practice of the application of virtualreality technology to be used in the training of university students. The study has revealed the lack of precedents comprehensiveintroduction of VR technology as an eff ective learning tool in higher agricultural education in Russia and abroad. After conductingthe experiment based on a number of expert assessment methods, two VR software products of the “VR-constructor” type wereidentifi ed, which are recommended for implementation in course syllabi for BSc training in agricultural engineering in: “3D-cardfi le of soil sections” and “VR-atlas of agricultural machinery”. The study of the teaching capabilities of these curricula has statedthe need to change the traditional roles of the teacher and the student and the necessity for further scientifi cally-based introductionof university course syllabi of various levels to train more competitive and highly qualifi ed personnel for the innovative agriculture of Russia.

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Batsurovska, I. V., N. A. Dotsenko, O. A. Horbenko, and N. I. Kim. "COMPETENCE APPROACH TO TRAINING MASTER OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING IN THE MASS OPEN DISTANCE COURSES AT STUDIED GENERAL TECHNICAL DISCIPLINE IN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY." Innovate Pedagogy 1, no. 30 (2020): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32843/2663-6085/2020/30-1.2.

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Korotchenya, V. M., G. I. Lichman, and I. G. Smirnov. "Digitalization of Technological Processes of Crop Production in Russia." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 13, no. 1 (February 21, 2019): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2018-13-1-14-20.

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Currently, the influence of program documents on digital agriculture development is rather great in our country. Within the framework of the European Association of Agricultural Mechanical Engineering, a relevant definition of agriculture 4.0 has been elaborated and introduced.Research purpose: offering general recommendations on the digitalization of agriculture in RussiaMaterials and methods. The authors make use of the normative approach: the core of digital agriculture is compared with the current state of the agricultural sector in Russia.Results and discussion. The analysis has found that digital agriculture (agriculture 4.0 and 5.0) is based on developed mechanized technologies (agriculture 2.0), precision agriculture technologies (agriculture 3.0), the use of such digital technologies and technical means as the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, and robotics. The success of introducing digital agriculture depends on the success of all the three levels of the system. However, the problem of the lack of agricultural machinery indicates insufficient development of mechanized technologies; poor implementation of precision agriculture technologies means the lack of experience of using these technologies by the majority of farms in our country; an insufficient number of leading Russian IT companies (such as Amazon, Apple, Google, IBM, Intel, Microsoft etc.) weakens the country’s capacity in making a breakthrough in the development of the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, and robotics.Conclusions.The authors have identified the need to form scientific approaches to the digitization of technological operations used in the cultivation of agricultural crops and classified precision agriculture technologies. They have underlined that the digitization of agricultural production in Russia must be carried out along with intensified mechanization (energy saturation); also, to introduce technologies of precision agriculture and digital agriculture, it is necessary to organize state-funded centers for training farmers in the use of these technologies. Finally, it is necessary to take measures to strengthen the development of the IT sphere, as well as formulate an integral approach to the problem of digitalization.

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Hanson, J. D., John Hendrickson, and Dave Archer. "Challenges for maintaining sustainable agricultural systems in the United States." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 23, no. 04 (July 4, 2008): 325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170507001974.

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AbstractDuring the 20th century, US agriculture underwent vast transformations. The number of farmers has decreased, more farmers are relying on off-farm income, agriculture's proportion of the US GDP has declined, and a minority of non-metro counties in the US are farming dependent. Agriculture's evolution will continue and we have identified key trends and future challenges to effectively manage our changing agricultural system. Eight current trends in US agriculture were identified. These included: (1) increased land degradation; (2) competing land uses; (3) focus on single ecosystem service; (4) increase in farm size; (5) movement toward commercialization; (6) genetic engineering; (7) global markets; and (8) changing social structure. Future trends likely to affect agriculture include: (1) diminishing and increasingly volatile farm incomes; (2) reduced government involvement in food regulation; (3) continued transition from farming to agribusiness; (4) land-use will become a major issue; (5) increasing animal protein consumption in the US; (6) increased public input on livestock production practices; (7) increasing urbanization of historically rural US counties; (8) increased public concern over food safety; (9) increased medicinal production from agriculture; (10) new tastes, markets and opportunities will emerge. We further postulated that future challenges facing US agriculture might include: (1) competitive pressures; (2) sustainable development; (3) resource conservation; and (4) research and development. Integrated agricultural systems may be flexible enough to address these challenges. However, robust principles will be needed to design adaptable integrated agricultural systems. We present a nonexclusive list of preliminary principles under the four general categories of (1) economics and economic policies; (2) environmental; (3) social and political; and (4) technological.

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Wang, Yuqing, and Xueping Han. "Agricultural Productive Service System Based on the Block Chain and Edge Computing." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (November 30, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6667956.

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With the rapid development of the service sector in economic growth, productive service industry has become a growing field of people’s attention. Agricultural productive services are a supporting point to promote the development of modern agriculture, and at the same time, they also point out the direction for promoting the transformation of the agricultural development mode, which has very important strategic significance. In order to analyze and improve the rural productive service system and solve the “three rural” issues, this article designs an agricultural productive service analysis framework from the perspective of farmers, statistics of the investment in agricultural productive services in a certain region from 2015 to 2019, the expenditure of agricultural productive services in agriculture, forestry, fishery, and animal husbandry, and per capita wage income and operating income of farmers in the area under agricultural productive services, and in the process of agricultural production, farmers need agricultural productive services from the perspective of the whole process, land preparation, seeding, pest control, fertilization, and harvesting risks. The data in this experiment are stored in a distributed manner through the block chain, and the data are stored in the corresponding part in the chronological order; the data are transmitted to the edge server of the experimental network in the way of point-to-point transmission, and then edge computing technology is used to calculate and analyze the data collected in the experiment. The final result shows that, in this region, the input of the main agricultural producer service industry is growing very fast, the scale of productive services is expanding, and more and more attention is paid to the producer services in the process of agricultural production, but the internal composition of agricultural producer services is unbalanced. With the continuous improvement of the scale of agricultural productive services, the per capita income of farmers and the per capita income of management are also increasing year by year. When the scale of agricultural productive services reaches 0.09 in 2019, the per capita wage income of farmers has reached 3900 yuan, and the per capita income of farmers has reached 3750 yuan. And in the perspective of various risks in agricultural production, the higher the risk coefficient, the stronger the risk preference of farmers and the higher the risk investment in agricultural production services.

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Yang, Si Lin, and Li Qiong Tang. "Chemical Speciation of Metal Elements in Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Soils." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 958–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.958.

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The chemical speciation of metal (Fe, Al, Mn and Cr) elements in agricultural and non-agricultural soils was investigated in upstream of the Pearl River, China. The result showed that Fe, Al and Cr in most of the samples, residual fractions accounted for more than 80% of their total concentrations. Mn in most of the samples, the reducible fractions were more than 40%, and generally more than residual fractions, oxidizable and weak acid soluble fractions. The mobility factors (MF) of Mn were the highest in both agricultural and non-agricultural soils, suggesting that the mobility of Mn were the strongest among the four metal elements. The MFs of Fe and Cr were almost zero, suggesting their mobility were low.

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Qing, Huang Yong, Ma Tian Yuan, and Fa Zong Li. "Finite Element Analysis of Agricultural Tricycle Frame." Advanced Materials Research 631-632 (January 2013): 885–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.631-632.885.

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Based on the Finite Element theory, Nastran analysis software is used to calculate a motor tricycle frame for static and dynamic simulation. From the calculation, the article analyzed the strength, deformation and fatigue degree of the agricultural tricycle frame. The stress distribution cloud picture is obtained with the weak link found and the general level of the structure strength assessed, thereby providing the data of valuable structure analysis for the optimization and reliability design. All of above results can provide theoretical guidance for the design of motor tricycle frame.

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Tosi, Micaela, Eduardo Kovalski Mitter, Jonathan Gaiero, and Kari Dunfield. "It takes three to tango: the importance of microbes, host plant, and soil management to elucidate manipulation strategies for the plant microbiome." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 66, no. 7 (July 2020): 413–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2020-0085.

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The world’s population is expected to grow to almost 10 billion by 2050, placing unprecedented demands on agriculture and natural resources. The risk in food security is also aggravated by climate change and land degradation, which compromise agricultural productivity. In recent years, our understanding of the role of microbial communities on ecosystem functioning, including plant-associated microbes, has advanced considerably. Yet, translating this knowledge into practical agricultural technologies is challenged by the intrinsic complexity of agroecosystems. Here, we review current strategies for plant microbiome manipulation, classifying them into three main pillars: (i) introducing and engineering microbiomes, (ii) breeding and engineering the host plant, and (iii) selecting agricultural practices that enhance resident soil and plant-associated microbial communities. In each of these areas, we analyze current trends in research, as well as research priorities and future perspectives.

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Cao, Sen. "Data Analysis and Suggestions of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives Industry in the Agricultural and Sideline Products Deep Management." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 2042–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.2042.

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China's supply and marketing cooperatives play an important role in the depth of management for the agriculture, rural areas and farmers service and agricultural and sideline products. This paper analyzes the plight of this industry to participate in agricultural and sideline products business and the problems of enterprises in operating management and financial management, and finally puts forward suggestions and countermeasures from six aspects.

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Shen, Yongtao, and Boonsub Panichakarn. "Agricultural Product Trade Supply Chain: A Literature Review By Using Citespace." 12th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 12, no. 1 (October 8, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2021.12(15).

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Agriculture is widely treated as a base of national economy. The product provides the basic need for human, and its safety and stability are exposed to the constant attention of everyone. With the progress of human science and technology, more and more resources can be extracted from nature, and agricultural products nowadays are not be limited to food, but also be used as raw materials for fuel or other products. Meanwhile, trade between the two regions is often due to a comparative advantage in the production of a product, such as better technology, easier access to raw materials and the like (Dollar & Kraay, 2004). Therefore, agricultural product trade is a very important topic. This study believes that supply chains are an effective way to increase the value of agricultural product trade, for example effectively collaborating makes agricultural products available to end-consumers as quickly as possible. Supply chain management aims to satisfy consumer demands and improve the competitiveness (Dias & Ierapetritou, 2017) in various industries (Oelze et al., 2018). However, there is still blank between agricultural product trade and supply chain academically, figuring out what is agricultural product trade supply chain and what is related to this chain would be essential.

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Maraveas, Chrysanthos, Dimitrios Loukatos, Thomas Bartzanas, and Konstantinos G. Arvanitis. "Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Fire Safety of Agricultural Structures." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 22, 2021): 7716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167716.

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Artificial intelligence applications in fire safety of agricultural structures have practical economic and technological benefits on commercial agriculture. The FAO estimates that wildfires result in at least USD 1 billion in agriculture-related losses due to the destruction of livestock pasture, destruction of agricultural buildings, premature death of farm animals, and general disruption of agricultural activities. Even though artificial neural networks (ANNs), genetic algorithms (GAs), probabilistic neural networks (PNNs), and adaptive neurofuzzy inference systems (ANFISs), among others, have proven useful in fire prevention, their application is limited in real farm environments. Most farms rely on traditional/non-technology-based methods of fire prevention. The case for AI in agricultural fire prevention is grounded on the accuracy and reliability of computer simulations in smoke movement analysis, risk assessment, and postfire analysis. In addition, such technologies can be coupled with next-generation fire-retardant materials such as intumescent coatings with a polymer binder, blowing agent, carbon donor, and acid donor. Future prospects for AI in agriculture transcend basic fire safety to encompass Society 5.0, energy systems in smart cities, UAV monitoring, Agriculture 4.0, and decentralized energy. However, critical challenges must be overcome, including the health and safety aspects, cost, and reliability. In brief, AI offers unlimited potential in the prevention of fire hazards in farms, but the existing body of knowledge is inadequate.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Agricultural Engineering (General)'

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