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1
Kolliesuah, N. P., J. L. Saysay, M. M. Zinnah, A. T. Freeman, and D. Chinenye. "Trend analysis of production, consumption and export of cashew crop in West Africa." African Crop Science Journal 28, s1 (October 2, 2020): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v28i1.14s.
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West Africa is a core producer of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.), supplying 45% of the commodity on the global market. Despite this huge share of the international market, only 10% of the commodity is processed and consumed domestically. The low rate of consumption is reflected by low investment in the cashew industry, making the crop underutilised as a food and nutrition security crop in the region. The objective of this study was to analyse the trends in production, levels of consumption and export of the crop in West Africa, as a basis for informing strategic development interventions. This work utilised metadata from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation database, Nitidae and other relevant sources to explore the production, consumption and export patterns of cashew from the year 2000 up to 2017. The metadata used were analysed using descriptive statistics. The study revealed that eleven (Cote D’Ivoire, Nigeria, Benin, Guinea Bissau, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Guinea, The Gambia, Senegal, and Togo) of the sixteen countries in West Africa were actively engaged in cashew production. It was also projected that production will decline in the next five years in countries such as Nigeria, Togo, Senegal, and Burkina Faso due to a reduction in the land under cashew cultivation, an increase in pest and disease infestations, coupled with a decline in genetic improvement and poor extension services. Production will remain stable in The Gambia and Guinea Bissau because most trees there are yet to hit the peak of production; and of reduced investment in research and development. Cashew consumption locally is dismal (<10% across the region) due to limited attention given to the processing industry in the region. To boost local production and consumption, as well maintain the 45% share of the international market in the next five years and beyond, it is essential to invest in genetic improvement, modification of agronomic practices, and investment in the processing industry, as well as research and development of the crop.
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Fatty, Lamin K. M., Prof Idu Ogbe Ode, Bejamin Gowon Ahule, and Akuhwa Tor. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SYSTEM OF NIGERIA AND THE GAMBIA." International Journal of Advanced Economics 3, no. 2 (June 21, 2021): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v3i2.236.
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This study focuses on the analysis of Nigeria and The Gambia National extension policies and system. The study discussed three main themes (mission and goals, approach and functions, and clienteles). The study found that both two countries does not adopt legislated or formal national extension policy rather implied policies which were garnered, feasible, for the two countries through their government publications and published researched studies from academic and recognized developmental institutions. Generally, the analysis found that the two countries extension missions and goals focused on improving profitability of agricultural business and increasing output volumes; market share in achieving to enhancing quality of life and agricultural development. In terms of approaches and functions, the study observed that public sector extension in the two countries is undergoing transformation including decentralization and outsourcing extension services in the context of adopting a pluralistic system of extension delivery. While up to six models of extension are a commonly applied in the two countries, the dominant context is pluralism around public, private and NGO-based services. The dominant clientele was stated to be women and small- and medium-scale farmers. However, main barriers limiting women’s participation are still insufficiently addressed. The study concludes that it is important for the two countries authorities, perhaps supportively, to develop and establish formal extension policies that will manifest their vision, mission, goals and methods to provide a stable agenda within which targeted clientele and be purposively supported in the pursuit of sustainable agricultural development.
Keywords: Extension, Extension Policy, Nigeria, The Gambia, Mission and Goals, Approach and Function, Clientele.
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Fatty, Lamin K. M., Prof Idu Ogbe Ode, and Bejamin Gowon Ahule. "HORTICULTURAL FARMERS’ ACCESS TO AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION INFORMATION ON POST-HARVEST TECHNOLOGY IN KOMBO CENTRAL AND NORTH, WEST COAST REGION, THE GAMBIA." International Journal of Advanced Economics 3, no. 2 (June 6, 2021): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v3i2.229.
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The study examines agricultural extension services and post-harvest technology of horticultural crop produce for smallholder farmers in Kombo Central and North, West Coast Region of The Gambia. The instruments designed to gather the primary data include; structured interview and focus group discussions (FGD) supported by secondary data using official documents and key informant interview for verification. The target population consisted of 398 respondents, 10 extension officers and three extension agent heads. The data was quantitatively analyzed using percentages and frequency distribution tables. The results show that the current horticultural post-harvest loss management and access to relevant information from the extension agents is inadequate, no/uneasy access to available market, poor road conditions, inadequate available facilities for post-harvest produce, and low support services from the authorities. The research comes out with the following recommendations; the need for continued research, effective and efficient communication to the farmers, availability of horticultural production and post-harvest handling information, and special extension agents training on post-harvest practices. Provision of storage and processing facilities in the vicinity of the farms as crucial, road improvement in the study areas and creating better improvement conditions for the extension agents.
Keywords: Agriculture Extension Services, Post-Harvest Technology, Smallholder Farmer, West Coast Region, The Gambia, Horticulture Crop Produce, Kombo Central and North
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Fatty, Lamin K. M., Prof Idu Ogbe Ode, and Bejamin Gowon Ahule. "EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES TO MINIMIZE POST-HARVEST LOSSES OF HORTICULTURAL CROP PRODUCE WEST COAST REGION OF THE GAMBIA." International Journal of Advanced Economics 3, no. 2 (June 6, 2021): 10–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v3i2.228.
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The study examines agricultural extension services and post-harvest technology of horticultural crop produce for smallholder farmers in West Coast Region of The Gambia. The objective of the study is to examine the effectiveness of agricultural extension services in minimizing post-harvest losses of horticultural crop produce. The instruments designed to gather the primary data include; structured interview and focus group discussions (FGD) and key informant interview supported by secondary data using official documents. The sample population consisted of three hundred and ninety-eight (398) respondents using a minimum sample calculation of Taro Yamane in which ten extension officers (10) and two extension agent heads (2) as key informants for a period of three months from September to November 2017. This study employs cluster, purposive and simple random sampling procedures to draw its population. The data was quantitatively analyzed using SPSS to run percentages, frequency distribution tables, t-test, chi-squared correlation test and factorial analysis. Qualitative data from the in-depth interviews and FGDs were also analyzed and presented appropriately. The findings of the study showed that extension services are not very much effective or proactive to post-harvest loss reduction in this region. The study recommends there is the need for continued research, development and investment programme in both extension and post-harvest technologies, effective and efficient communication to the farmers, special extension agents training on post-harvest practices among others.
Keywords: Agricultural Extension Services, Effectiveness, Post-Harvest Losses, Horticultural Crop Produce, Smallholder Farmer, The Gambia
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K M Fatty, Lamin, and Prof Idu Ogbe Ode. "The Impact of Agricultural Extension Service in Improving Vegetable Production in the West Coast Region of the Gambia." Journal of Agricultural Studies 5, no. 4 (January 30, 2018): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v6i1.12559.
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The study attempts to look at the role of Agricultural Extension Services in the improvement of vegetable production. Six vegetables schemes in Western Region of the Gambia for agricultural extension support and non- agricultural extension services support schemes were selected. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select sixty women producers for all the six garden schemes and three Agricultural Extension Agents. Majority of the respondents highlighted inadequate water/irrigation facilities, high cost of farm inputs/implements and, pests and diseases as the major constraints to production especially the non- vegetable support schemes. Occasional glut of vegetables in the market, in adequate transport, inadequate storage facilities and limited marketing outlets were marketing constraints which have adversely affected their production and income level. The authorities and Ministry of Agriculture should double efforts to enhance the number and capacity of Agricultural Extension Services for the successful dissemination of production technologies to non- vegetable support schemes, so that production and income can be improved.
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Fatty, Lamin K. M., Prof Idu Ogbe Ode, and Igbana Ajir. "THE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES MODE OF OPERATION IN HORTICULTURAL SCHEMES IN WEST COAST REGION IN KOMBO CENTRAL AND NORTH OF THE GAMBIA." International Journal of Advanced Economics 3, no. 2 (June 6, 2021): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v3i2.230.
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The study assesses agricultural extension services mode of operation in horticultural farms for smallholder farmers in Kombo Central and North, West Coast Region of The Gambia. The instruments designed to gather the primary data include; structured interview and focus group discussions (FGD) supported by secondary data using official documents and key informant interview for verification. The target population consisted of 398 respondents, 10 extension officers and three extension agent heads. The data was quantitatively analyzed using percentages, frequency distribution tables, t-test, chi-squared test correlation and factorial analysis. Qualitative data from the in-depth interviews were also analyzed and presented appropriately. It was found that the variables on the influence of extension services (availability of AES, extension visit, farm size, marital status, experience in farming, education, farm group, transportation, post-harvest technology training and distance to market) are significantly associated with the horticultural smallholder farmers post-harvest losses. It means that there is a significant relationship between extension availability and post-harvest handling at p < 0.05 level of significance. The research comes out with the following recommendations; the need for continued research, development and investment programmes in extension, effective and efficient communication to the farmers, availability of horticultural production, government policy aimed at training and developing farmer capacity in appropriate monitoring systems of extension services, road improvement in the study areas and creating better improvement conditions for the extension agents. The study proves the need to improve the living conditions of services for extension services and availability of extension officers at a regular base with appropriate knowledge and skills.
Keywords: Agricultural Extension Services, mode of Operation in horticultural Schemes, West Coast Region, Kombo Central, North, The Gambia.
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Chapman, Larry J., Ronald T. Schuler, Cheryl A. Skjolaas, and Terry L. Wilkinson. "Agricultural Work Safety Efforts by Wisconsin Extension Agricultural Agents." Journal of Rural Health 11, no. 4 (September 1995): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.1995.tb00427.x.
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Bursten, Julia R. S., and Catherine Kendig. "Growing knowledge: Epistemic objects in agricultural extension work." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 88 (August 2021): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2021.03.002.
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Hoque, Mohammad Jiaul, and Koichi Usami. "Comparative Study on Agricultural Extension Work between Bangladesh and Japan." Journal of Rural Problems 40, no. 1 (2004): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7310/arfe1965.40.122.
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LADD, C. E. "THE RELATION OF RESEARCH TO EXTENSION WORK IN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS." Journal of proceedings of the Agricultural Economics Society 1, no. 1 (November 6, 2008): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.1928.tb02465.x.
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Khuseno, Moch Toha. "PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN LINGKUNGAN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KOMPETENSI SERTA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN (Studi Pada Dinas Pertanian Dan Peternakan Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara)." AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI 15, no. 3 (November 28, 2019): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.15.3.2019.26494.
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This study aims to determine the effect of training on Agricultural Extension competencies; know the effect of the organization's environment on Agricultural Extension competencies; know the effect of training on the performance of Agricultural Extension Workers; know the effect of the organizational environment on the performance of Agricultural Extension Workers; know the training factors and organizational environment on the performance of Agricultural Extension Workers through work competence as an intervening variable. This research was carried out using the exploratory method with a quantitative approach with the research location at the North Sulawesi Provincial Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Department. The number of samples is equal to the total population of 18 people given the small population. Data collection methods used are descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis using path analysis with t-test as hypothesis testing. The results showed that training for Agricultural Extension Workers had a significant effect on work competence; the organizational environment also significantly influences the work competency of Agricultural Extension Workers; work Competence has a significant effect on the performance of Agricultural Extension Workers; Training also has a significant effect on the performance of Agricultural Extension Workers; the organizational environment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of agricultural instructors; training and Organizational Environment have a significant effect on the performance of Agricultural Extension Workers through their Work Competencies. There is an increase in the direct influence and indirect effect of each variable. *eprm*
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Agunga, Robert, Ruth Sleshi, and Rahwa Hassen. "Towards a Professionalism of Agricultural Extension: Key to Promoting Extension Effectiveness in Africa." Sustainable Agriculture Research 6, no. 2 (March 18, 2017): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v6n2p81.
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A survey of a small sample of 123 extension workers in Ghana and Ethiopia may have revealed the key issue facing extension ineffectiveness in Africa—the paucity of extension training. Questions on job satisfaction showed that respondents were highly satisfied with: a) an opportunity to work in an area they are trained (N=88, 57%), b) level of education (N=75 (61%), c) enthusiasm towards their work (N=72 (58.5%), and d) opportunity to work with local farmers. However, they were highly dissatisfied with: a) their salaries (N=108 (87.8%), b) the process of decentralization (N=83 (75.6%), c) cooperation from non-governmental agencies (N=87 (70.7%), d) respect from peers in other sectors of government (N=83 (68.0%), e) training in development (N=79 (65.3%), and f) training in communication (N=65 (54.2%). We find their complaints on lack of or limited training in development and communication worthy to note because in the last 40 years extension performance has stressed facilitation among development partners. It can be argued, therefore, that the slow process of decentralization, the friction between extension workers and their NGO counterparts, and their inability to get along with their compatriots in other ministries can be traced to their limited or lack of training in development and communication, otherwise called “Communication for Development” (C4D). We conclude, therefore, that if extension workers are to be effective in their new role as development facilitators not only must their training in agriculture expand to include C4D but, equally significant, extension systems throughout the continent must operate as a profession. Therefore, the authors recommend the establishment of a professional association throughout Africa, under the rubric of “ExtensionAfrica,” which will address the need for extension effectiveness on the continent. We particularly recommend a collaborative relationship with the African Forum for Agricultural Services (AFAAS), which has a mandate for advising on extension services, to make this happen.
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Davis, Kristin. "Embedding your work in theoretical frameworks of agricultural education and extension." Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 26, no. 5 (August 27, 2020): 421–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1389224x.2020.1806454.
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Hagras, Hussein, and Mary Mikhaiel. "Work Constraints of Agricultural Extension Centers in Kafrelsheikh and Algharbieah Governorates." Alexandria Science Exchange Journal 32, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2011.152256.
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BECKERLEG, SUSAN, STEVE AUSTIN, and LAWRENCE WEAVER. "Gender, work and illness: the influence of a research unit on an agricultural community in The Gambia." Health Policy and Planning 9, no. 4 (1994): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/9.4.419.
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Hanafiah, M. Ali, Witman Rasyid, and Agus Purwoko. "HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK, MOTIVASI DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI KOTA BENGKULU." Jurnal AGRISEP 12, no. 1 (April 7, 2013): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.12.1.69-84.
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The objective of this research is to analyze the correlation of the agricultural agents’ characteristics, motivation and competence to their work productivity. This research was conducted in February through April 2013 and used census methods. The study population was defined as many as 33 people of 45 people from the extension of existing civil servants. Data analysis was done by using Product Moment Pearson procedure. The results showed that: 1) some of the agents’ characteristics were correlated significantly with their job productivity, there were period of employment, training, agricultural area in the region of agriculture extension, 2) Some factors of the agents’ motivation were correlated significantly with their job productivity. There are recognition, salary and reward. 3) Some factors of the agents’ competencies were correlated significantly with their job productivity. There are planning, implementating, evaluation of agriculture extension, and communication skills real contact with the work productivity of agricultural extension. 4) Work productivity level of agricultural extension agents still not yet good (“low” category) because four of five factors work productivity as method extension, extension materials and increased knowledge and skills of farmers were low.Keywords: Agricultural Extension Agent, Characteristics, Motivation, Competence, Productivity
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Mahmood, Bayan Ahmad Mahmood, and Tahir Mohamed Layek Layek. "The Problems Of The Agricultural Extension Work In The Governorate Of Sulaimany." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 2ndInt.Conf.AGR, Special Issue (February 10, 2018): 541–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10701.
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Wang, Zhiguo, Junbin Wang, Guoping Zhang, and Zhixiong Wang. "Evaluation of Agricultural Extension Service for Sustainable Agricultural Development Using a Hybrid Entropy and TOPSIS Method." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010347.
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Agricultural extension service is the foundation of sustainable agricultural development. The evaluation and analysis of the agricultural extension service for sustainable agricultural development can provide an effective analytical tool for sustainable agriculture. This paper analyzes the influence of agricultural extension service on sustainable agricultural development, and constructs an evaluation system for sustainable agricultural development from the four dimensions of agricultural environment, society, economy, and agricultural extension service. This work proposes a framework based on the combination of technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and entropy method to evaluate the performance of the evaluation system. Taking three national modern agriculture demonstration zones in Suzhou in Jiangsu Province as a case study, the method was verified. Moreover, the main factors affecting sustainable agricultural development are discussed, and the improvement measures and management suggestions are also put forward to reduce the obstacles to sustainable agricultural development and improve sustainable agriculture practice.
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Luz, Maria de Lourdes Santiago, and Joao Alberto Camarotto. "Competencies of Work in Agricultural Research Units." Advanced Materials Research 845 (December 2013): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.845.627.
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This paper aims to investigate and discuss the concepts comprised of the competencies deriving from tacit and explicit knowledge of operational work, a critical factor in the transfer and retention of knowledge in an organization of agricultural activities, as well as their relationships. Thus, this article contains a review of the literature to understand the relationship between worker competencies and the work done in agricultural units linked to teaching and research institutes in Brazil. The term agricultural unitsrefers to experimental farms belonging to higher education institutions, intended to serve as a workplace for teaching, research and extension activities. This research is also based on the specific characteristics of work in an organization that fit in situations of high variability. The final product of an experimental farm includes not only research results and generated knowledge, but also the development of operational activities. Finally, this paper discusses the relationship of competencies necessary for the development of this kind of agricultural unit of teaching and research.
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الزرقا, زکریا, أمل فاید, and على عبد الحلیم. "AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION CENTERS ROLE IN THE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORK IN EL-BEHIRA GOVERNORATE دور المراکز الإرشادیــة الزراعیة فی العمل الإرشادی الزراعی بمحـافظــة البحــیرة." Journal of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences 6, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 483–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jaess.2015.38721.
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Mansour, Tamer Gamal Ibrahim, Mahmoud Alaa Abdelazez, Khairy Hamed Eleshmawi, and Salah Said Abd el- Ghani. "Environmental SWOT Analysis for Agricultural Extension in North Sinai Governorate, Egypt." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 10 (October 12, 2019): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i10.1503-1508.2216.
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North Sinai governorate is one of the largest desert areas in terms of intensity of agricultural extension work, In spite of efforts by state agencies to bring about agricultural development in the governorate, agriculture is still somewhat characterized by primitive traditional methods, making agricultural development rates almost indistinguishable, And with the scarcity of extension research carried out in North Sinai in the field of environmental SWOT analysis, It was necessary to conduct the study that is trying to analyze the current situation of agricultural extension in North Sinai governorate through identifying the strengths; weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). A participatory SWOT analysis study using open-ended qualitative-type instrument was conducted; Research data were collected through personal interviewing questionnaire with 90 respondents representing 75% of the total extension workers in North Sinai Governorate, during the period from May till October 2018. The results showed that the most important strengths of these were that a large proportion of the extension workers are specialized in agricultural extension, more than half of the guides were from rural areas and the high job satisfaction degree among of the majority of the extension workers while the most important weaknesses were Weak budget and inadequate funding for extension work, Absence of job description for the extension workers, and Lack of financial and material resources. On the other hand the most important opportunities were Availability of research institutes in the governorate, NGO-Public Sector Collaboration. While the most important threats were Decreased investments targeting the agricultural sector in general and the extension system in particular, Poor Farmer Organization, Security instability in the governorate. Depending upon SWOT outputs, some relevant strategies were discussed to develop agricultural extension system in the governorate through some dimensions that uses strengths and opportunities to overcome weaknesses and to avoid threats or minimize their effects.
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Kelley, W. T., D. M. Granberry, and D. C. Sanders. "HANK KEMBLE DOESN'T WORK HERE ANYMORE." HortScience 31, no. 5 (September 1996): 756b—756. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.756b.
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Hank Kemble is the only county agent role ever cast in a network television series. On Green Acres, Mr. Kemble always had advice for novice farmer Oliver Douglas. Unfortunately, Mr. Kemble's advice was usually vague and uncertain. More unfortunate is that this is the only image many people have regarding Cooperative Extension. As the last segment of the land-grant system established, Extension personnel were the last recognized as equals among faculty. The mistaken image of the county agent as a book-trained farm boy with no common sense and a government job has been reinforced by declining respect for the farming community. In reality, county agents today deal with social and agricultural issues in urban and rural communities. Agents work with reduced staffs while being educators, scientists, and administrators in addition to routine duties. Extension specialists routinely teach and conduct research. National and international recognition and peer-reviewed publications are necessary for promotion while conducting traditional duties, too. As educational requirements of agents and specialists increased, numbers of undergraduates entering Extension dropped (<1% of Univ. of Georgia horticulture graduates in the last 5 years). Georgia specialists with a PhD increased from 60% (1979) to 89% (1996). Agents with MS degrees increased from 36% (1987) to 45% (1996). Image, salary, and job security determine if Extension can attract qualified personnel. Extension was never a Hank Kemble organization and graduates must be convinced that Extension is a viable and respectable career and Hank Kemble doesn't work here anymore.
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Tesso, Gutu. "Economics of Work Motivation: Empirical Study of Agricultural Extension Workers in Western Ethiopia." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 8, no. 4 (January 10, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2016/22557.
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PETERS, SCOTT J. ""Every Farmer Should Be Awakened": Liberty Hyde Bailey's Vision of Agricultural Extension Work." Agricultural History 80, no. 2 (April 2006): 190–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ah.2006.80.2.190.
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Mamman, Muntaka, and Olatinwo Kehinde Latifat. "Assessment Of Attitude To Work Of Agricultural Extension Agents In Katsina State ;Implication For Agricultural Transformation Agenda." IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 7, no. 10 (2014): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2380-071022327.
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Kurniawati, Nur Puti, Dwi Sadono, and Endang Sri Wahyuni. "Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian di Kabupaten Ciamis Jawa Barat." Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] 4, no. 4 (August 4, 2020): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.4.4.545-560.
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Agricultural extension agent was the main spearhead in carrying out counseling. A good agricultural extension agent can be reflected in their performance. The purpose of this study were: (1) describe the characteristics of agricultural extension agent, (2) describe the level of competence, level of work motivation, and describe level of performance of agricultural extension agent, (3) analyze the relationship between characteristics of agricultural extention agent and the level of performance of agricultural extension agent, (4) analyze the relationship between the level of competency of agricultural extension agent and the level of performance of agricultural extension agent, (5) analyze the relationship between the level of motivation of agricultural extension agent and the level of performance of agricultural extension agent. Responden in this study were 48 field extension agent who are civil servant in Ciamis Regency West Java and selected by census. Data were analyzed using Rank Spearman correlation test. The results showed that agricultural extension agent in Ciamis Regency were dominated by extension agent who were old, undergraduate educated, had little training, and had a long working period. Agricultural extension agent in Ciamis Regency generally have sufficient competency which tends to be high and generally dominated by the need for achievement motivation. The results also show that there is a relationship between managerial competence and performance, social competence with performance, technical competence with performance, level of competency with performance, and the need for achievement with performance.Keywords: Agricultural Extension Agent,Competence, Motivation, Performance.
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Kurniawati, Nur Puti, Dwi Sadono, and Endang Sri Wahyuni. "Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian di Kabupaten Ciamis Jawa Barat." Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] 4, no. 4 (August 4, 2020): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.4.4.553-568.
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Agricultural extension agent was the main spearhead in carrying out counseling. A good agricultural extension agent can be reflected in their performance. The purpose of this study were: (1) describe the characteristics of agricultural extension agent, (2) describe the level of competence, level of work motivation, and describe level of performance of agricultural extension agent, (3) analyze the relationship between characteristics of agricultural extention agent and the level of performance of agricultural extension agent, (4) analyze the relationship between the level of competency of agricultural extension agent and the level of performance of agricultural extension agent, (5) analyze the relationship between the level of motivation of agricultural extension agent and the level of performance of agricultural extension agent. Responden in this study were 48 field extension agent who are civil servant in Ciamis Regency West Java and selected by census. Data were analyzed using Rank Spearman correlation test. The results showed that agricultural extension agent in Ciamis Regency were dominated by extension agent who were old, undergraduate educated, had little training, and had a long working period. Agricultural extension agent in Ciamis Regency generally have sufficient competency which tends to be high and generally dominated by the need for achievement motivation. The results also show that there is a relationship between managerial competence and performance, social competence with performance, technical competence with performance, level of competency with performance, and the need for achievement with performance.Keywords: Agricultural Extension Agent,Competence, Motivation, Performance.
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Suleyman Abdureman Omer and Nuradin Abdi Hassen. "A Seminar Title On the History and Evolution of Agricultural Extension in the Ethiopia Country." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.710.
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Agricultural extension service began work in Ethiopia since 1931, during the establishment of Ambo Agricultural School. But a formal Agricultural extension started since Alemaya Imperial College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts (Haramaya) was constructed since 1953.The extension activities of Ethiopia during the last 50 years reveals that a range of extension approaches has been used. The approaches tended differ with each successive political regime. Different extension approaches in different political regimes, during the imperial regime the responsibility for national extension administration to the Ministry of Agriculture, extension service became one of the departments in the Ministry. And during the military regime the land reform proclamation banned the private ownership of rural lands and declared that land would be distributed to the tillers without compensation to former owners. Because of the political instability and major structural changes in the rural areas, including the formation of peasant associations and producers' cooperatives as well as the implementation of the land reform, it was not possible to carry out this plan. There was not much organized and coordinated extension work in the country until the beginning of the 1980. At the current Extension service of Ethiopia in 1991 the T & V extension approach was adopted as a national extension system with major government financing until its replacement by the Participatory Demonstration and Training Extension System in 1995. The latter was adopted from the SaSakawa Global 2000 (SG 2000) extension strategy. Agricultural extension service in Ethiopia can be given by different mandatory level such as at federal level by ministry of Agriculture, At Regional level Bureau of Agriculture, At Woreda level Agricultural and Natural Resource office, and at Farmer Training center level Development agent and different stockholders have responsibility of giving extension especially agriculture related extension to need holders. In Ethiopia there are different extension approaches model such as Chilalo agricultural development model (CADU), minimum package project I and II, Peasant Agricultural Development program, participatory demonstration and training extension system, farmers field school, Farmers training center and Agricultural technical and Vocational Education training (ATVET) these are the different extension approaches in Ethiopia starting from the begging up to current extension service respectively.
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Kamruzzaman, Md, Ataharul Chowdhury, Annemarie van Paassen, and Wayne Ganpat. "Extension Agents’ Use and Acceptance of Social Media: The Case of the Department of Agricultural Extension in Bangladesh." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 25, no. 2 (August 15, 2018): 132–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2018.25210.
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Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have been considered as key driving forces for enabling agricultural development ‒ the sector which provides livelihoods for majority of the population in Bangladesh. The Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), the largest public sector agricultural extension service provider in Bangladesh, has recently enacted a new organizational policy for its staffs to use ICTs such as social media to provide better services. However, there is little or merely anecdotal evidence about how extension agents of DAE have been accepting and using social media for their professional work. Drawing on the theoretical underpinnings of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study is a first attempt to investigate social media use and acceptance among extension agents in Bangladesh. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires from 140 extension agents of DAE who work in the eastern region of Bangladesh. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that most extension agents (51.4%) used social media for half an hour to one hour every day. Perceived ease of use (PEoU) and Perceived usefulness (PU) are the most influential elements that determine DAE staff acceptance of social media for performing professional functions. Social media was perceived by extension agents as a means for improving professional performance, such as disseminating agricultural information; garnering support for new agricultural policy; networking with clients and colleagues and enabling coordination of services provided by colleagues. Overall, the findings indicate potential uses of social media in an ICT-based agricultural development strategy in Bangladesh.
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Carney, Judith, and Michael Watts. "Manufacturing dissent: work, gender and the politics of meaning in a peasant society." Africa 60, no. 2 (April 1990): 207–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160333.
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Introduction: The Manufacturing of DissentThis article addresses the changing nature of farm work in a peasant society in The Gambia, West Africa. The practice of farm labour has been transformed in the most palpable way by the advent of radically new technical and social relations of production associated with mechanised double-cropping of irrigated rice. Technical change, agricultural intensification and a new labour process are, however, all built upon the bedrock of household production, since peasant growers are socially integrated into the new scheme as contract farmers, specifically as contracted sharecroppers. Family labour continues to be the dominant social form in which labour power is mobilised, but under conditions directly determined and shaped by the contractors, namely project management. Irrigated double-cropping of rice production is particularly labour-demanding and makes expanded claims on customary structures of domestic labour recruitment. These new economic practices subject the culturally dominant representations of work, labour obligations and property rights—the constituents of custom and tradition— to the test of social practice. In our examination of Mandinka rice growers we suggest, following T. J. Clark, that ‘society is a battlefield of representations on which the limits and coherence of any given set are being fought for and regularly spoilt’ (Clark, 1984: 6). The introduction of a new production regime has converted rural Mandinka society into a contested social terrain; the primary struggle is a contest over gender and the conjugal contract in which property, or more accurately constellations of property rights, is at stake. By seeing economic life as, among other things, a realm of representations, we argue that the struggles over meaning and the manufacture of symbolic and material dissent in central Gambia—a proliferation of intrahousehold conflicts, juridical battles over divorce in the local courts, renegotiations of the conjugal contract—are the idioms of what Burawoy (1985) calls production politics.
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Nurmayasari, Indah, Begem Viantimala, Dame Trully Gultom, Helvi Yanfika, and Abdul Mutolib. "PARTISIPASI DAN KEPUASAN PETANI TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI KECAMATAN PALAS KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN." Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis 6, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ma.v6i1.3230.
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The success of extension activities is influenced by the participation of target farmers. In addition to participation, farmer satisfaction with extension performance will be related to extension of sustainability in the future. This study aims to analyze the participation and satisfaction of farmers on the performance of agricultural extension workers in Palas District, South Lampung Regency. The study was conducted in the extension work area of Palas Tang District which is an agricultural center, especially lowland rice in South Lampung Regency. The study was conducted from May to June 2019. Data collected in this study consisted of primary data and secondary data. Data analysis uses a Likert scale. The results of the study provide a picture that the participation of farmers in agricultural extension activities in the District of Palas is at a fairly high level. Make farmers active in farmer groups and propose extension activities by 56 percent, and farmer involvement in giving advice on the development of farmer groups with a percentage of 78 percent. All farmers join to become members of farmer groups without coercion from extension workers or other parties. In general, farmers' satisfaction with extension performance is quite satisfied. Of the nine indicators, farmers' satisfaction with mass movements in their work areas is the lowest. Farmers are satisfied with the way the agriculture instructor communicates. Farmers are satisfied with the way the instructor communicates and assesses extension activities as having a good impact on agricultural extension activities.
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EI-Basioni, Sahar, and Mona Mohamed. "THE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION PERCEPTION HELD BY THE RESEARCHERS WHO WORK IN RESEARCH- EXTENSION TEAMS AT CENTRAL LABORATORY FOR AQUACULTURE RESEARCH." Journal of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences 31, no. 8 (August 1, 2006): 5157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jaess.2006.157625.
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Mahrous, Samia. "A STUDY FOR VISION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORK TO REDUCE THE DEGRADATION OF AGRICULTURAL SOILS IN MATROUH GOVERNORATE." Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2014.14721.
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Suranti, Dewi. "Application of Exponential Comparison Method and Simple Additive Weighting Method in Assessment of Agricultural Extension Performance." Scientific Journal of Informatics 5, no. 2 (November 29, 2018): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/sji.v5i2.16128.
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In order to build qualified and reliable agricultural human resources, it is necessary for professional, creative, innovative and global oriented Agricultural Extension workers in the provision of productive, effective and efficient extension services. Agricultural Extension is directed to carry out advisory and consultation tasks for the main actors and business actors in developing their agribusiness business, so the adoption of appropriate technology can run well and in turn increase the empowerment of the main actors, productions, productivity, income and welfare of farmers and their families. The performance of agricultural extension workers can be seen in the aspects of preparation, implementation, evaluation and reporting, development of agricultural extension and agricultural extension profession profession. In addition, agricultural extension programs should be based on analysis of farmers' needs and reflect current target audience conditions. Applying Simple Additive Wighted and Exponential Comparison Method in appraisal of farmer extension performance at UPT BPP Sukaraja aims to know the performance of agricultural extension in conducting counseling at UPT BPP Sukaraja. This is due to the lack of extension workers in BP3K Sukaraja. The results of the resulting assessment in the form of work performance ranking of each extension worker. Based on the results of the calculation both methods show the same performance rankings. With this is expected to make it easy for UPT BPP sukaraja in carrying out routine performance appraisal performance of extension workers who had been a constraint in conducting appraisal performance extension. Agricultural extension workers can carry out their duties and responsibilities
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Hidayah, Husnul, Sarwititi Sarwoprasodjo, and Krishnarini Matindas. "Photovoice as a Participatory Extension Approaches Method in Expressing Youth Views of Agricultural Work." Jurnal Penyuluhan 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25015/16202031773.
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This study aims to: 1) reveal the views of youth regarding agricultural issues through photovoice and 2) evaluate photovoice as a Participatory Extension Approaches (PEA) method. This study uses the photovoice method. The premise of photovoice is to empower people through documentary photography. Photovoice is a method of placing cameras in the hands of people whose voices are often silenced by the power elite. The subjects of this study were grouped into two, namely main informants and supporting informants. Data collection techniques were carried out by in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The results showed that photovoice is a method that empowers youth by increasing the ability of youth to express their views, thoughts, concerns and hopes regarding agricultural issues which are described through agricultural potential, farming problems and agricultural work. The application of the Participatory Extension Approaches method through the photovoice method is the most appropriate method in the community empowerment process, because in the process of making it aware of the problems and potentials that exist in people's lives, which not only makes the community the object of change, but also as the agent of change.
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Hassanullah, Mohammad, and Muzaffer Ahmad. "An Assessment of the Training and Visit Model of Agricultural Extension Work in Bangladesh." Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development 5, no. 2 (December 1995): 58–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1018529119950204.
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Sam, Joel, Simon K. Osei, Lucy P. Dzandu, and Kirchuffs Atengble. "Evaluation of information needs of agricultural extension agents in Ghana." Information Development 33, no. 5 (September 29, 2016): 463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666916669751.
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The agricultural sector plays a decisive role in Ghana’s economy, employment, and food security. The study set out to assess the information needs of agricultural extension agents across all the agro-ecological zones of Ghana, in order to provide them with the right information. A structured field survey methodology was used for the study and 472 agricultural extension agents from 40 districts in Ghana served as the respondents. The findings of the study revealed that agricultural extension agents regularly sourced for information from books and reports; visual or pictorial information was the most preferred format for package of information. The AEAs used agricultural extension information to assist in the discharge of their work, and as a basis for advice to farmers on general farm planning and consultancy among others. Challenges identified in accessing information included inadequate information infrastructure and training avenues. The AEAs suggested that critical information infrastructure such as libraries, information centers, and databases be provided as measures to offset the challenges. The study recommended that efforts should be directed at improving extension agents’ access to information infrastructure and that different and wide-ranging media should be developed to supply information to the AEAs.
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Idowu, Oladele. "Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education: A Review of Demand-Driven Agricultural Extension Education in Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 25, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v25i1.9.
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The paper examined demand-driven agricultural extension education in Nigeria and emphasized the need for extension professionals to acquire soft skills in addition to their technical capabilities through the utilization of demand-driven extension education (DDEE) strategies. A review of demand-driven agricultural extension education in Nigeria as introduced by Sasakawa Africa Fund for Extension Education in universities was carried out to assess the concepts of demand-driven extension education, capacity development, skill, skill- mismatch. The reviews were analysed using themes and the findings were reported based on the themes identified from the review analysis. Job matching and human capital theories are the theoretical underpinning for this paper. The paper further highlighted the numerous benefits of DDEE prominent among which include its ability to adapt to the need of the learners and employers, utilize dynamic work-based pedagogy to improve competencies, and respond to the needs of the labour markets to ensure continuous alignment between desired qualification and available training. It is important to properly mainstream the use of demand-driven extension education strategies in training extension personnel for better and more sustainable extension and services delivery to farmers.
Keywords: Agricultural extension, agricultural education, demand-driven extension education, capacity development, skill, skill- mismatch
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Ajani, EN, and EA Onwubuya. "Human Factors that Derail Extension Services Delivery in Developing Countries: Implications for Policy." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 2, no. 2 (March 1, 2013): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v2i2.14015.
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The paper examines human factors derailing extension services delivery in developing countries. Poor management of rewards and incentives; quality of work life; poor assessment system; limited quality of human resource; inadequate extension support training materials; inconsistencies of government programmes; inadequate staff training and poor extension programme evaluation were viewed as major constraints. Considering the role of extension to agricultural development, the paper recommends that efforts should be made by the various stakeholders in agricultural extension services to improve the capability of human resources involved in extension services and highlights the need for government agricultural programmes to be consistent to enable the beneficiaries of such programmes derive the benefits that will boost productivity in agriculture. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v2i2.14015 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 2 (2): 54-57, December, 2012
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Sinaga, Herty Ramayanti. "PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN PADA BKP5K KABUPATEN BOGOR." Jurnal E-Bis (Ekonomi-Bisnis) 2, no. 2 (November 20, 2018): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37339/e-bis.v2i2.85.
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One way to improve the quality of agricultural extension resource through education and training is implemented out in a planned and systematic. In other words, the importance of education and training within the organization is to improve the performance of agricultural extension that include the knowledge and skill that support, as well as the building of the attitude of each of the extension as desired by organization. This study aims to analyze the influence of training and education on the performance of agricultural extension workers in the Food Security and Managing Extension Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (BKP5K) Bogor and analyze the indicators that reflect the dominant success of the training and education provided to the agricultural extension. Sampling is based on non-probability sampling technique using purposive sampling method of 79 samples from 99 populations of agricultural extension agricultural extension PNS. These results indicate that 1) the influence of training and education on the performance of agricultural extension, the training negatively affect the performance of agricultural extension and education have positive influence on the performance of agricultural extension; and 2) the dominant indicator of the training variables contained in the first indicator, namely the training suitability of the materials needed with this type of training with the results of 3.28. Dominant indicator of educational variables contained in the second indicator, namely the educational suitability of the current work with the results of 3.28. Dominant indicator of performancel variables contained in the first indicator, namely understand the program with the results of 3.23.
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Umar, Abdulmumini, Man Norsida, Hirawaty Kamarulzaman Nitty, and Bahiah Mohd Haris Nur. "Women Farmers Perception of Information Dissemination Skills among Agricultural Extension Workers in North Eastern Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 25, no. 3 (August 6, 2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v25i3.6.
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This study examined the perception of rural women farmers on information dissemination skills of agricultural extension workers. Using multistage sampling procedure 378 respondents were randomly selected from the population of 6758 women farmers. Questionnaire was administered to the sampled farmers. Data were analysed using mean, and standard deviation. Findings reveals that women farmers participated moderately in agricultural practices with overall mean value of 2.65. Also, agricultural extension workers had a lower level of information dissemination skill in dealing with women farmers with overall mean value of 2.25. There is the need for training and retraining of extension workers to boost their skills for information delivery to women farmers. Extension programme for rural women should be designed to ensure extension workers are well informed and knowledgeable enough to work with them.
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Abdel-Maksoud, Ahmed, and Bahgat Abdel-Maksoud. "Developing a performance measurement model for agricultural extension agents." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 215–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-03-2013-0029.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to propose a performance measurement (PM) model for agricultural extension agents. Based on an interdisciplinary approach, management accounting-agricultural extension, the study has three main research objectives: highlight the main concepts to be embedded in a PM model for agricultural extension agents in an agricultural extension organization (RO1); identify main PM components of the proposed PM model for agricultural extension agents (RO2); and investigate empirically the causal relationships in the proposed PM model (RO3). Design/methodology/approach – An interdisciplinary literature review and a proposed PM model for agricultural extension agents are presented (RO1 and RO2). An empirical survey is incorporated, carried out in early 2011 (RO3), to examine three groups, totaling around 274 respondents. Data were collected through personal interviews using structured questionnaire forms. Path analysis technique was applied. Findings – The authors propose a PM model consisting of five components. The five components are: agricultural extension agents’ characteristics, agents’ work attitudes, services provided, use of agricultural extension services and farmers’ satisfaction with agricultural extension services. The overall findings of the empirical surveys were found to validate the suggested causal relations among the components of the model. Findings indicate that 85 per cent of changes in farmers’ satisfaction with services are explained by changes in the preceding variables in the model. Research limitations/implications – It is, however, important to view this study with a few limitations in mind; for instance, using a survey method (e.g. sampling and the use of questionnaires in data collection); and the constraints associated with the model. That is to say that the components of the model could be further increased to incorporate other aspects of stakeholders, e.g. the economic impact of governmental financial policies on tax and the customs duties on agricultural products. Practical implications – A Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations agricultural extension reference manual recommends certain purposes for a PM in agricultural extension organizations; interestingly, all these are already embedded in the proposed PM model, which makes it unequivocally a useful PM model for agriculture extension agents in agricultural extension organizations worldwide. Furthermore, the proposed model contributes significantly to agricultural extension practitioners and academics alike. It focuses the attention of agricultural extension organizations on the causal relationships among the model’s components. These components are linked to the agricultural extension organization strategies. Social implications – In addition to the practical implications above, the proposed PM model demonstrates the need for placing equal importance on all five components included and setting performance indicator (PI) targets. Originality/value – The importance of this study emerges from the fact that it is helpful to examine the development and implementation of PM models across various disciplines to enhance understanding. The PM model overcomes the shortcomings in previous PM models of agricultural extension agents’ criteria/models in the agricultural extension literature. It is not merely a theoretically proposed model because the proposed causal relations amongst its variables are empirically investigated. Following management accounting and strategy theories, the authors propose that the relative importance of the attributes of PI in the proposed model differs according to each agricultural extension organization’s strategy, size and organizational structure.
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Calixte, Christelle, Grady Roberts, and J. C. Bunch. "Employment Opportunities for Graduates of Agricultural TVET Schools in Haiti." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 26, no. 3 (December 19, 2019): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2019.26303.
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The literature suggests that in Haiti, the extension work is primarily conducted by graduates from agricultural TVET schools. However, Haiti is a country with alarming data for food insecurity and severe hunger index. This situation arises questions about the manner in which TVET contributes to the dissemination of best agricultural practices amongst farmers and the role that extension agents play in bringing the scientific discoveries into the rural communities. Moreover, little research has been made about the current situation of Haitian TVET within the agricultural system. This study used basic qualitative methods with a constructivist approach, and backwards design as theoretical framework to explore the employment of TVET graduates within the Haitian agricultural system. Schools’ directors and teachers were individually interviewed, and focus groups conducted with the students, which revealed the employers of TVET graduates, the types of jobs they realize within the system and the external factors that affect employment opportunities. Employers of technicians were most likely public sector, NGOs and IOs as well as entrepreneurship activities. These TVET graduates’ job profiles are in extension performing versatile work, or as entrepreneurs. Their employment opportunities were affected by the overall unemployment, the existing opportunities in agriculture, and lack of government support. Keywords: Haiti; employment; technical schools; agriculture
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Zikhali, Zafezeka Mbali, Paramu L. Mafongoya, Maxwell Mudhara, and Obert Jiri. "Climate Change Mainstreaming in Extension Agents Training Curricula: A Case of Mopani and Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, no. 1 (July 2, 2019): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619857098.
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This study assessed the provision of informal training offered by the Limpopo Department of Agriculture, South Africa, to agricultural extension officers (AEOs). The study used surveyed 90 public extension officers purposively sampled. There were statistically significant differences in extension officers’ exposure to climate change between their education levels and in the provision of climate change training between extension officers’ work experience ( P⩽0.05). The study concluded that the majority of AEOs have not been fully exposed to climate information prior to their employment. This suggests that the information gap in Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services (AEAS) stems from the slow mainstreaming and integration of climate change information.
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Rodriguez, Lulu, and Juan Andrade. "Communicating Agriculture and Nutrition: Opportunities for Agricultural Extension-Communication and Advisory Services in Nepal." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 25, no. 1 (May 15, 2018): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2018.25107.
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Meeting the dual goal of improving income and enhancing the nutrition status of Nepal’s rural residents is the mandate of the Integrating Gender and Nutrition within Agricultural Extension Services (INGENAES) project, which is supported by the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Feed the Future initiative. A landscape study that provided an overview of Nepal’s agriculture and the status of the country’s agricultural extension system (AES) threshed out a primary target audience—rural women. How can they be reached with nutrition information through the existing AES? The landscape study also identified 11 organizations as INGENAES collaborators. What opportunities do they offer to advance INGENAES objectives? Following Rice and Foote’s (2001) systems-theoretical approach, this formative evaluation study drew from the insights of project and program managers and coordinators, communication officers, representatives of non-government organizations (NGOs), extension officers, and editors and journalists of farm publications who work in the intersection of agriculture and nutrition in Nepal. Data were gathered from a survey of the chief communication and/or extension officers of these 11 partner agencies. Additional data were collected from evaluation questionnaires completed by project managers and communication officers of 12 government and non-government agencies who participated in a seminar-workshop on how to improve gender and nutrition communication. These two methods brought to light opportunities that can be used to enhance the communication and/or extension of nutrition-enriched agricultural information, especially to rural women. Recommendations for future communications work are offered.
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Ferguson, J. J. "224 HORTICULTURAL MANAGERS' SEMINAR: UTILIZING EXTENSION RESOURCES IN RESIDENT INSTRUCTION." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 461e—461. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.461e.
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The experience and resources of extension specialists can be utilized in resident instruction within a horticultural managers' seminar for advanced undergraduate students, drawing on application of horticultural principles in work situations and other complex issues facing agricultural managers. Guest speakers present an overview of their background, work responsibilities, management philosophy and management practices. Students interact with speakers in this informal seminar and complete written evaluations of speakers and topics for discussion in later classes. This horticultural managers' seminar exposes students to the medley of problems and opportunities facing agricultural managers, utilizes the resources of extension faculty in resident instruction and reinforces ties between commodity departments and their respective industries.
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Baruah, Anushree, and G. Madan Mohan. "Exploring the ICT Preferences of Personnel from Agricultural Extension Organizations in the Northeastern Region of India." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development 18, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37801/ajad2021.18.1.7.
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Although the public extension system in India is known to be one of the largest in the world, it still lacks coordinated effort in managing the links between research, extension, and farmers, resulting in non-uniform distribution of agricultural knowledge and technology. A vast majority of the population earning their livelihood through agriculture remain small and marginal farmers. Lack of computerized networks in agricultural extension departments, inadequate skilled manpower for disseminating agricultural information, and increasingly diverse needs of farmers across the Indian sub-continent pose hurdles in effective information transfer to the farming community. The use of information and communication technology (ICT) tools exerts a positive impact on agriculture worldwide by aiding speedy and effective dissemination of agricultural information. An increased awareness of modern ICT tools and their usage will contribute substantially to strengthening the extension network and expand its scope. This study explored the ICT preferences of personnel from agricultural extension organizations employed in public extension organizations in the north-eastern region of India. It found that electronic media is ranked below the conventional extension contact modes of print media and personalized contact regarding its use for disseminating agricultural information by the extension personnel. Demographic characteristics of the personnel from agricultural extension organizations such as sex, age, education, specialization, designation, and work experience were significantly associated with the pattern of ICT use specifically experience with ICT, frequency of use, training, and voluntary use.
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Arifullah, M., A. Zahan, MM Rana, M. Adil, and Shamsunnaher Shamsunnaher. "Attitude of the Rural Elite Farmers towards Extension Activities Performed by Personnel of Department of Agricultural Extension." Agriculturists 12, no. 1 (July 19, 2014): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19586.
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The main purpose of the study was to ascertain the attitude of rural elite farmers towards extension activities performed by Upazilla Agricultural Extension personnel of DAE and to explore the relationship between the selected characteristics of the respondents and their extent of attitude towards those extension activities under reference. The study was conducted in two unions, namely Ratanpur and Rasullabad covering 5 villages of Nabinagar Upazilla under Brahmanbaria District. Data were collected from the rural elite farmers using a pre- tested interview schedule during 15th May 2009 to 10th June 2009. It was found that the highest proportion (43.14%) of the respondents had moderate favourable attitude compared to 33.33 percent having high favourable attitude and 23.53 percent less favourable attitude. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) test was used to ascertain the relationships between the concerned dependent and independent variables of the study. Findings revealed that education, farm size, time spent for farm work, organizational participation, extension contact and knowledge on agriculture of elite rural farmers showed positive significant relationship while age and annual family income did not show any such relationship with their attitude towards extension activities performed by Upazilla Agricultural Extension Personnel of DAE. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19586 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 96-102
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Ferguson, J. J. "Horticultural Managers' Seminar: Using Extension Resources in Academic Teaching Programs." HortTechnology 4, no. 2 (April 1994): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.4.2.188.
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The experience and resources of extension specialists can be used in academic teaching programs within a horticultural managers' seminar for advanced undergraduate students, drawing on production, marketing, sales, and distribution managers to discuss application of horticultural principles in work situations and other complex issues facing agricultural managers. Guest speakers present an overview of their background, work responsibilities, management philosophy, and management practices. Students interact with speakers in this informal seminar and complete written evaluations of speakers and topics for discussion in later classes. This horticultural managers' seminar exposes students to the medley of problems and opportunities facing agricultural managers, uses the resources of extension faculty in academic teaching programs, and reinforces ties between commodity departments and their respective industries.
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Malczewski, Joan. "Philanthropy and Progressive Era State Building through Agricultural Extension Work in the Jim Crow South." History of Education Quarterly 53, no. 4 (November 2013): 369–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12034.
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In the process of promoting an agricultural appropriation bill in the 1914 legislative session, members of Congress engaged in a vigorous debate about the appropriateness of public-private collaboration in the federal government. They had discovered that the Department of Agriculture had been receiving funding directly from the General Education Board (GEB), a philanthropy established with funds from the Rockefeller family, for staff hired to engage in agricultural extension services. Representative William Kenyon of Iowa explained to his fellow Congressmen that employees “were on the pay roll of the Government; and, as I understand, the man who is at the head of the farm demonstration work received $1 per month from the Government and $625 per month from the Rockefeller Fund.” While Senator John Sharp Williams of Mississippi generally supported the use of private funding, he expressed the sentiments of many of his colleagues with his concern that it was “a very bad thing to get the employees of the Federal or of the State or of a city government in the habit of relying upon rich men and corporations for aid and assistance, because it brings around… a certain, perhaps dominating, influence upon the officials themselves that might be and probably would be finally detrimental to the public service or to self-respect and interest of the masses.”