Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Agriculture Agriculture Tunisie Tunisie'
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Jouili, Mustapha. "Ajustement structurel, mondialisation et agriculture familiale en Tunisie." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10021.
Full textThe agrarian question is nowadays at the heart of destructive effects of the neoliberal globalization. Imposed in extreme inequality condition, free-trade policies overwhelm millions of peasants in the South. The GATT and WTO agricultural agreement is shaped to serve the main objective of opening South markets for North agricultural surplus. This agreement exposes South peasants to the competition with highly productive producer, while the logic of globalized accumulation deprives them of any possibility of catch-up. In Tunisia, the adoption of a neoliberal agricultural policy, since the application of SAP, is the cause of structural alteration of peasant and family farmers production and reproduction conditions: unfavorable price evolution, exclusion from finance system, restricted access to land, inefficiency of services…. The ultimate consequence is a tendency towards the deterioration of peasants' real income. However, heterogeneity of real production conditions is the foundation of an emphasis of socio-economic differentiation among farmers. With the signing of WTO agreements and the free-trade agreement with the EU, it has become more and more difficult for peasant to survive. Moreover, the mechanisms which allowed them to survive have reached their limits. The new orientations have only increased the socio-economic disparities in the rural world. Small peasants are more and more marginalized and condemned to exodus without assuring employment possibilities. More than small peasants' proletarization, it is the ruin of rural regions. Poverty, unemployment and food dependency are the main consequences
Belhaj, Hassine Nadia. "Tarification de l'eau et agriculture irriguee : le cas de la tunisie." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10031.
Full textIn this thesis we analyze profit maximizing farm-level production decisions for irrigators, under certainty and uncertainty. The analysis makes use of the multiple input and output production framework. We conduct an econometric study for the evaluation of the effects of the pricing of irrigated water on acreage decisions and input substitutions in the area of nabeul, located in the north-east part of tunisia. The deterministic model addresses technical issues currently involved in the estimation of two-stage models of multicrop production decisions. Special attention is devoted to i. ) the observation of corner solutions in crop choices and ii. ) the consistent aggregation of outputs with respect to the implied separability assumption. The analysis of production decisions under uncertainty makes use of the econometric methodology for estimating the distribution of risk attitudes developed by antle (1987) and apply it to irrigators in the area of nabeul. Since the effect of water price on agricultural production decisions is of major interest, we estimate a system of output supply, input demand functions and land allocation equations from a dual expected utility program, where the objective function is quadratic. Estimation results show a significant risk aversion attitude of the farmers. Land allocation to perennial crops seems specially constrained by total land availability, while actual and future water availability seems significantly determinant in land allocation decisions to perennial crops. Water price has a significant influence on land allocation decisions within each group of products. Once crops are planted, water price does neither affect short-run water use, nor irrigators profit in the non-perennial group. Short-run water use is significantly dependent on land allocation decisions. This finding suggests that water conservation activity would better be orientated to efficient irrigation systems than to an increase in water price
Chaaban, Haytham. "Agriculture et financement du développement : le cas du Maroc et de la Tunisie." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE0007.
Full textFarming constitutes the basis for the implantation of other activities, but also, the first step of the development of any country in which agricultural area forevails. The best examples are Morocco and Tunisia. In both, countries, it seems obvious that farming contributes to their development. This is mainly due to the climatic, structural and technico-cultural difficulties the subsistence farming, for instance, is faced with, in fact, the strategy used by the world market and set by the b. I. R. D. Has involved the last area in disfavor compared to the export farming area. In spite of some renovative temptations undertaken hitherto, there still exists other problems: the sharing out of the agricultural property the backward status of the grounds, the lack of sophisticated means of exploitation prevent the farming area from developing. More over, it is a matter of deduction methods and mechanisms: the price, the credit and the fiscality. In this respect, it is worth noting that the implementation of these mechanisms varies from one country to another. Concerning export farming, finally, the conditioning set by the world market largely restrains the efficiency of that area in spite of the efforts made to gather the financing resources
Latrach, Mohamed Mohsen. "La grêle en Tunisie : diagnostic et gestion d'un risque agricole émergent." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00941785.
Full textHarzli, Taoufik. "L'eau et le développement des petites et moyennes exploitations tunisiennes : le cas de la région semi-aride d'El Amaiem." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20020.
Full textConfronted by climatic hazards and more precisely by the drastic dry conditions of the environement, small and middle-sized tunisian farms have started a development process using irrigation systems which have proved to be unreliable due to the scarceness of available water. This development trend is mainly based on family policy. All family members participate not only because they accomplish the current tasks on the farm but alos because the income they may obtain from jobs outside the farm supplement family needs and help finance farm production implementation. The analysis of small and middle sized farm policy emphasize the "individualist" characteristic of this development trend which leads to an overconsumption of water resources. This study puts to the fore the possible need for some state control that would take into account the dynamism of small and midde sized farms. In that case the government would organise the development of farms with in a local project
Abbes, Kaïs. "Analyse de la relation agriculture-environnement : une approche bio-économique : cas de la salinisation des sols et de la pollution par les nitrates au nord tunisien." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10002.
Full textMaalel, Nabil. "Libéralisation de l'agriculture dans les pays en développement : analyse multimarchés appliquée au cas de la Tunisie." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0065.
Full textLouhichi, Kamel. "Essai de modélisation bio-économique de la relation agriculture-environnement : le cas de l'érosion en Tunisie." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON10031.
Full textDiscontinuities and non-convexities are among the fundamental specificities of the relationship between agriculture and environment. Whereas it concerns groundwater pollution, the erosion of soils or salinity, the externalities associated to the process of agricultural production are complex and mostly non-linear. To evaluate them through the simple way of the usual rules of internalisation is not completely satisfactory. Thus we have adopted a multidisciplinary approach, associating economics and agronomy via a model coupling a bio-physical simulator and an economic programme, optimising the producers behavioury. This model introduces some sophistications, namely a dynamic recursif approach. .
Hajlaoui, Younès. "La petite hydraulique et l'espace rural dans le centre-ouest tunisien : le cas des hautes steppes." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10048.
Full textMimouni, Mondher. "Utilisation de l'approche multicritère pour une analyse intégrée des problèmes économiques et environnementaux : cas de l'UCPA Borj Hamdouna en Tunisie /." Montpellier : Institut agronomique méditerranéen, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370289810.
Full textEl, Abassi Marouane. "La mesure de la productivité et des comptes de surplus de la branche agriculture en Tunisie, 1975-1985." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010043.
Full textHouimli, Ezzeddine. "Les facteurs de résistance et de fragilité de l'agriculture littorale face à l'urbanisation : le cas de la région de Sousse Nord en Tunisie." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004488.
Full textRomdhane, Abderrazak. "Evolution des systèmes agro-pastoraux et dynamiques locales dans la délégation d'El Hamma-Gabès Sud tunisien." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100045.
Full textThe district of el Hamma in the north east of Tunisia has known socio-economic changes reflecting the agro-pastoral customs of the beni-zid people. The changes found expression in the privatization of land collectives, the creation of new irrigated perimeters and the expense of the covered lands, the planning of some steppes where we can see olivers and fruit trees behind the tabias near the jebels and the construction of many habitations. New strategies of agro-pastoral production in the south of Tunisia are dominated but next ways of managing natural resources like buying animal feeds, sale of water for animals and transhumance towards the north of the country. This investigation is an attempt to analyses and value all these changes "pastoral breeding continues of play an important economic role». Agriculture in the frequent difficulties for farmers whose viability never seems assured. The climatic conditions and the tribal traditions were not considerate in the different actions of management. Nevertheless, the improve use of water, better defense of animals and showing the advantages of Oglet Marteba and el Bhaier could be able to augment the revenues and prevent further exodus from rural areas and defend against desertification
Elloumi, Mohamed. "Étude comparée de quelques types caractéristiques de structures de production agricole du nord de la Tunisie." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10029.
Full textThis work proceeds from the importance of the cooperative production units in the tunisian agriculture and from the role that they must play in the development of agricultural production, resolution of employment problems and leading of other agricultural sectors for more intensification. In the first part, we begin to analyse the agricultural policy fitted to the cooperative and state structures and the accomplishment degree of the assigned objectives to this kind of farmings. Then, at the regional level (mateur in northern tunisia) we have carried out a functionning analysis of the cooperative production units, based on a study of cultural systems, production systems, work organisation and economical managment. This has allowed us a better understanding of the restraints at the production level that explain in part the discrepancy between objectives and realizations. In a second part, through the analysis of functionning and of economical and social results of the pilot and demonstrative farming fretissa project, in the same region, and the analysis of the conditions of their accomplishment at the production and environmental levels, we tried to judge the transposition possibilities of fretissa's results to the cooperatives, especially in the form of development projects on the way to realization. The results showed that for existing situation the cooperative production units have better results than those obtained with private farmings with the same size, and for some cultivations, bring the fretissa's results. However, the existance of important variations between units and from one year to another shows that their managment makes often weakness appear, because of the framing heavyness, the lack of cooperative instrument working and the contradiction between the interests of the different intervening parties. Disregarding this restraints sigth, there will be no success in conducting the development projects, proposed at the present time and that look for a better valorization of the agricultural potential existing, in spite of important contributions of financial means
Wilhelm, Sabine. "Libéralisation commerciale et échanges internationaux : le cas de l'agriculture en Tunisie." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN20013/document.
Full textThe thesis deals with the impact of trade liberalization in a developing country : Tunisia. The issue is as follows : is agricultural liberalization contributing to economic growth in Tunisia or is liberalization having such detrimental consequences, in particular given the stabilisation measures concerning Tunisia, which makes it impossible ? The liberalization of agricultural trade does not exclusively encompass the elimination of tariff or quantitative barriers regulated by the International Agreements. The multitude of trade barriers makes it difficult to aggregate and tally them. For the purposes of this thesis, we have used year 1994 as the temporal benchmark to compare Tunisian trade before and after the signing of the Marrakech Agreement. The method to carry out a totally longitudinal analysis and to use a temporal benchmark was not previously used when dealing with agricultural liberalization in Tunisia. Our results show that liberalization is in general favourable to economic growth and to the Tunisian trade. However, trade and growth are only partially explained in this longitudinal analysis. As a consequence, liberalization has a limited impact on the Tunisian trade and on the GDP. This analysis of partial equilibrium is completed by a computable general equilibrium model, which contains no Cobb-Douglas function or CES-CET elasticity. Against all odds, it shows that agricultural liberalization is compatible with the wish to limit the budget deficit in Tunisia. Liberalization can even improve economic growth, but also entails the risk of reduction in wages
Dridi, Lamjed. "Les villages et les sociétés villageoises en Ifriqiya au Haut Moyen Âge (IIe-Ve s. H. /VIIIe-XIe s. J. C. ) : approche historique et archéologique." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4010.
Full textAn essay which tries an history of rural structure and society of Ifriqiya from the beginings of its islamic period to the end of Fatimid califate and zirid domination in to-day Tunisia. The two volumes of this study bring a critical analysis of textual sources as well as field prospections which are the basis of a typology of land occupation modes, an analysis of rural strucures and a description of interactions between society and economy in this rural context. The secon,d part of the study is devoted to the landed property and its structures, to the composition of the society – importance of Berbers, Arabs, Christian, Jews and, also, slaves – and a study of economic relations between villages and cities. The illustration present 8 in-text maps, 11 figures, 94 plates and an archeological atlas of 44 regional maps : this documents extend to medieval islamic Ifriqiya the analysis of the « Atlas archéologique de la Tunisie » for roman period. An index of of toponyms and archeological sites will help a non-specialist of islam in his lecture of this work
Moumen, Wided. "Inégalités et dynamiques de genre dans l'agriculture irriguée : cas des six périmètres publics irrigués de Nadhour (governorat de Zaghouan-Tunisie)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20145.
Full textPolicies concerning the irrigated perimeters in Tunisia developed gardually from a model privileging centralized management, first and foremost centered on the increase in the offer of water, to a more decentralized and participative model, based on a better control of famer's use of water. The thesis aims to analyze the changes observed in the irrigated perimeters of the Nadour region in the northern Tunisia resulting from new governance and in the context of the of a more feminized agriculture. The thesis also aims to highlight the impact within irrigant organizations and farms, on dynamics on the inequalities between actors of irrigated systems and particularly between men and women. The main observation and stemming from the research carried out at a national and local scale within the framework of a multi – disciplinary approach are as followThe process of decentralization in the management of the perimeters seems incompleted and not mastered by the irrigants organizations who weren't ask to participate to the definition of the perimeters' governance. In parallel, State run supervision institutions remain powerful.There are growing inequalities among famers in the irrigated perimeters. A minority of owners having stonger capacities has offensive strategies and manages to benefit from the opportunities offered by the irrigated systems. A majority of small and average farm owners has difficulties of coping with the requirement of these same systems. Thus some of them consider giving up irrigated agriculture. Indeed the difficulties of smal and average farms are partly due of the maladjustment of the productivist agricultural policies carried out since independance as well as to the dysfunction of the irrigated perimeters' governance.Although, women play a growing role in the irrigated role in the agricultural production, in the men-run irrigant organizations they are excluded from the decision making process. Womens' experience and know-how in irrigated agriculture are taken little into account in this typical patriarchal milieu. Thus women's low involvement weakens the capacities of the irrigant organizations taking part in the governance of the irrigated perimeters. However, due to higher participation in agricultural production et extra-agricultural incomes, women's economical support to their family living expenses in increasing. By joining informal women organizations they acquire new competences and claim regular access to water and the possibility to take part in the irrigant organizations'decision-making process
Zouabi, Oussama. "L'impact du changement climatique la production agricole et la croissance économique : Cas de la Tunisie." Thesis, Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL2008.
Full textThe aim of this research is to analysis both direct and indirect effect of the climate change on the agricultural production and the economic growth. This PhD research we will be based on an empirical methodology, through applying a spacial econometrics and the cointegration technique of a panel data as well as a multisectoral general equilibrium growth model. The first part is devoted to find the effect of the climate change on the agricultural production in a macro spatial level during the period 1980-2012. The main gaol of this first chapter of this PhD is to determine the direct and indirect effect of the weather forecast and the temperature changes in one region compared to the neighbouring regions. The originality of this spacial modelisation is to give an effective spacial effect. The second part of this research is aimed to use a micro spacial analysis to find out the effect of the climate change on the agricultural production in the long term way and for each region rather then all of them together as in the first chapter. In the last part of this PhD research we developed a general and dynamic equilibrium model for the Tunisian economy taking in a count eventual climate change forcast from 2015 to 2030. Aiming to calculate the effect of this change on the agricultural production and the economic aggregate in Tunisa. The resulats show that the climate change forecast in the futur will affect the agricultural production in Tunisia in both the short run and the long term and this is because of the irrigated and non irrigated plantations. The decrease of the production will affect the food industry which will decrease the level of the investment, the employment in this sector as well as the consumption
Saidi, Mustapha. "Impact de la politique d'ajustement structurel sur l'agriculture tunisienne : Application aux systèmes de production à dominante céréales-élevage dans la région du Nord-Ouest." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT020A.
Full textNefzi-Bouzidi, Aida. "Evaluation économique de l'impact du changement climatique sur l'agriculture : étude théorique et application au cas de la Tunisie." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01056525.
Full textChouat, Madi. "Les techniques de maîtrise de l'eau dans le bassin-versant de l'Oued Fessi (sud tunisien)." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT5018.
Full textAlaadrah, Najwa. "L’évolution du système de vulgarisation agricole face aux nouveaux défis de l’agriculture et aux enjeux de l’agroécologie dans les pays du Sud et de l’Est de la Méditerranée : le cas de la Syrie et de la Tunisie." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCG002/document.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is to analyze the evolution of the agricultural extension system in a Mediterranean context, in terms of organization, types of advice and methods of intervention drawn from a regional analysis of Syrian and Tunisian systems. This evolution responds to profound changes in the agricultural production model, historically based on the principles of the Green Revolution, which is evolving towards agro-ecological models. We situate this work in the movement known as the "agro-ecological transition", which proposes a framework of development associating socio-economic and environmental dimensions. This movement allows us to envision a better integration of agriculture and its stakes in the territorial development project. To design and implement the agro-ecological approach requires a profound change in the management of production systems. To ensure these changes, farmers need new support schemes. The analysis of the evolution of the extension systems is conducted from a theoretical and methodological framework constructed with reference to development theories, notably especially evolutionist, which take into account the general forces that determine local actions, and historicist, which give pace to development trajectories and singular territorial combinations. This framework assumes that the development does not depend on producers willing to adopt exogenous innovations but rather to participate in its elaboration. This participation meets two needs: i) the adaptation of innovation to the particularity of situations as the agroecological transition advocates ii) the decentralization of the management of socio-environmental goods, towards common forms. To deal with these challenges of transforming agricultural systems, we can be expected that the organization of agricultural extension has adapted by the passage of a system driven primarily by a public device, based on a single type of technical advice and on diffusionist methods of mass of extension, to a composite system offering several types of advice and individual or joint intervention methods based on the co-construction of the advice. Our analysis is based on an empirical work adapted to the situation of the two countries under study, circumscribed to the regions of Al Ghâb in Syria and Nabeul in Tunisia. The results are quite similar in both countries where the evolution of the agricultural sector occurs through small changes that rely more on the substitution of practices more economical and more respectful of the environment than previous practices, but these changes have not been accompanied by a significant evolution of the agricultural extension system. The state apparatus still occupies a monopoly position in Al Ghâb, and dominant in Nabeul. The organizational evolution of this system is limited, in both regions, to the deconcentration of services, with a timid privatization on the site of Nabeul. In both regions of study, the state apparatus uses classically collective counseling methods of advice based on the "Training and Visit" model, and is limited to a technical dimension based mainly on the proceeds of the Green Revolution, their contribution to the evolution of agricultural practices towards agroecology is not notable
Chaabane, Kamel. "Transformation du complexe agro-alimentaire et évolution de la consommation dans les grandes villes en Tunisie." Montpellier : Institut agronomique méditerranéen de Montpellier, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/12699842.html.
Full textMiri, Marwa. "Mesure de l'efficience des exploitations agricoles dans les régions arides de la Tunisie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25372.
Full textHanafi, Salia. "APPROCHE D'EVALUATION DE LA PERFORMANCE DES SYSTEMES IRRIGUES A L'ECHELLE DES EXPLOITATIONS AGRICOLES. Cas du périmètre irrigué de Borj Toumi (vallée de la Medjerda-Tunisie)." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920810.
Full textOueslati, Afifa. "L'activité de transposition professionnelle et didactique dans le travail de vulgarisatrices agricoles féminine en Tunisie." Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOL030.
Full textWhile re-examining the concept of didactic transposition (DT) in a professional environment, we studied the work of female agricultural advisors in Tunisia. Two arguments are simultaneously defended. A) The limits of the concept of “didactic transposition” in analysing a work environment and the interest of the concept of “activity”. B) Women who act as agricultural advisors are creative workers rather than simple executants. We combined sociological, psychological, historical and cultural approaches, academic and vocational didactics, directly observing women in charge of agricultural extension, analysing interviews and documents, following the process of DT from the beginning to the end. We thus discovered that the process of DT only partly accounts for the reality of these women’s work, the analysis of their activity supplementing it. Transposition is not only didactic; it is also vocational and pragmatic. The prescriptive framework constitutes a referent for transposition; it also influences and constrains the women who are involved in agricultural extension. Transposition is the result of their activity which is socially, culturally and emotionally situated. We are thus better able to understand the diversity of the activities of transposition once they have been situated in a context and recognized in their individuality
Belhouchette, Hatem. "Evaluation de la durabilité de successions culturales à l'échelle d'un périmètre irrigué en Tunisie : utilisation conjointe d'un modèle de culture (CROPSYST), d'un SIG et d'un modèle bio-économique." Montpellier, ENSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSA0002.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the sustainability of the farming systems in the Cebalat watershed. The methodology adopted in this thesis consists on building, by the use of CropSyst, a GIS, and a recursive stochastic model, a database that allows us to analyse the effects of cropping patterns on farm income, salt accumulation and nitrate lixiviation. At the field scale CropSyst seems to simulate weIl soil water content and the average salt concentration on the first meter depth. Nevertheless, simulated soil nitrate was less satisfactory. The CropSyst model simulates correctly the final yield at the sector scale for aIl crops except for alfalfa. Assuming a realistic discount rate, the bio-economic model established with two-decision period based on quantity of rainfall in each period, reproduces closely the real system and it allows predicting soil quality degradation due to long-term salinisation. This problem is related with the lack of water that should be applied with leaching purposes. The comparison of the amount of nitrogen supplied and leached for wheat and corn between model and farmers proves that the sustainability of the production system is not assured
Ogilvie, Andrew. "Caractérisation des ressources et usages de multiples hydro-sociosystèmes : les retenues collinaires du bassin du Merguellil (Tunisie centrale)." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS092/document.
Full textSmall reservoirs and other water and soil conservation techniques have become increasingly widespread across semi-arid regions, due to their ability to reduce transportation of eroded soil and harvest scarce and unreliable rainfall for local users. Revealing diverse but often limited levels of agricultural water use, the reasons behind these were explored based on assessments of water availability, practices and associated drivers upscaled across 50 small reservoirs in the Upper Merguellil catchment (Central Tunisia). MNDWI on 546 treated Landsat images over 1999-2014 were used in combination with extensive field data to develop and validate water availability assessments for all reservoirs. An Ensemble Kalman Filter approach was used to combine remotely sensed surface area with a GR4J-water balance model and notably reduce runoff uncertainties arising from highly variable and localised rainfall intensities. These notably reduced mean annual availability RMSE to the order of 10 000 m3 on lakes where initial capacities vary between 20 000 m3 and over 1 000 000 m3, and identified the potential of each lake to support agriculture during the dry season.In parallel, rapid surveys, quantitative questionnaires and semi directed interviews were used to identify water uses and socio economic and institutional drivers influencing the smallholder livelihoods around these reservoirs. Using multi-stage samples of farmers allowed to progressively narrow and refine the analysis which were then upscaled based on typologies of lakes. Results confirmed withdrawals remained limited and focussed essentially on the occasional watering of fruit trees. On a handful of lakes, water resources were a limiting factor but rarely a sufficient factor to explain the heterogeneous water uses observed around reservoirs. Most farmers were not equipped with the suitable capabilities to increase their withdrawals as a result of problems over pumps, water access and conflicts, compounded through limited and short term government assistance. Individual successes were observed as a result of farmers possessing adequate economic resilience and/or means to secure alternate water supplies during dry spells. Faced with limited available storage capacities and prolonged droughts, small reservoirs must in this climatic context retain their supplementary irrigation focus and not strive to support widespread intensification of practices
Jaouachi, Tahar. "Les enjeux de l’olivier en situations urbaine et périurbaine : nouvelles constructions territoriales et prospectives : cas du cordon littoral Centre–Sud tunisien." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF20010/document.
Full textWhen new uses of rural areas are developed through a combination of urban and tourist dynamics, the question of the impact of urbanization on the olive groves of the Tunisian coast is presents itself. The basic assumption is that the major economic and tourism development, coupled with an uncontrolled urbanization, and supported by inadequate policies, create a threat on the olives growing along the central and southern Tunisian coast, this is a strategic culture for the national economy. The aim of the thesis is to understand the places (spatial, economic, cultural, etc.) of the olive tree system, and to study the issues of olive trees in urban and suburban situations. In the first part is demonstrated the approach and methodology that allows understanding the issues of the urban and suburban agriculture and olive groves. The concept of the olive tree system is then placed in a coastal metasystem to understand the time frames, the interactions between the actors around the place and the functions of the olive sector. This concept is the base of a systemic analysis of olive groves. The results are, then, developed to study the factors of resistance and new values of the olive tree. It is first shown how the dynamic interactions between the demographic, the socio-economic and the political events led to transform the olive’s landscape coastline to a mixed area: agricultural, economic and tourism. However, the territorial transformations and the different dynamics, combined with the cultural developments can be observed in the emergence of new interactions, not only contradictory but also affective: environmental and patrimonial. The landscape and heritage resources notions have become a new subject of research to understand the potential and new values of olive tree
Bedo, Shannon Hajdik. "Education, research, and extension: an evaluation of agricultural institutions in Tunisia." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/176.
Full textBen, M' Barek Sabah. "La réinstallation des agriculteurs français rapatriés de Tunisie (1956-1965)." [S.l.] : [S.n.]], 2008. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/memoires/2008/2008_MM2_Histoire_BenMBarek.pdf.
Full textZitouni, Belgacem. "Stratégies des agriculteurs en réponse à un projet de développement de conception verticale en milieu agricole (en Tunisie, région d'Elamein)." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20024.
Full textIt is only since the 1980s that development projects have been designed for small and middle-sized farms, so far kept in the background. They set themselves the goals of increasing the production, improving life conditions of these sectors, by providing them financial and technical aid in order to prevent rural depopulation. Results are unsatisfactory: a development project -of a vertical type- efficient for strongly motivated and well-placed farmers turn out to be ineffective for most of the others. There is no common way of dealing with the majority of people and with the elite. Our objective is to show that this failure is due to a conception which reduces any development project, by neglecting social and psycho-social dimensions, and ignoring the farmers' way of thinking. Starting from the analysis of the situation in a small area, we intend to show how- in response to some technological changes brought about by a development project- farmers in small and middle-sized farms manage their enterprises and organize their practices related to their profession as well as to their family and social life according to their own way of life, their family- farm system and their sociocultural environment. Our analysis -150 top-down treated questionnaires- allows us to distinguish: innovative and extremely professional farmers, in favour of an economic system of increasing productivity, farmers, on their way to better professionalism, approving of modernity and tradition, side by side, anxious to keep their own identity, and traditionalists, characterized by a general withdrawal. To reach the last mentioned categories, a new way of popularizing information should be imagined, which takes into account the aspirations, not to copy them, but to use their own dynamic and their driving dimension
Jalālīyah, al-Ḥabīb. "al-Dīnāmīyāt al-maḥallīyah janūb sharqī al-waṭan al-qiblī." [Manūbah] : Kullīyat al-Ādāb Manūbah, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/60522048.html.
Full textFautras, Mathilde. "La terre entre racines, épargnes et spéculations : appropriations foncières et recompositions de l’espace rural de Regueb (Tunisie)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100137.
Full textThis Ph.D. dissertation examines the changes in the Tunisian rural areas from the perspective of land appropriation in the region of Regueb as a case study. Through an in situ investigation combining observations, questionnaires and interviews, the study focuses on the evolution of the land uses and the bundles of powers (access, management, sales) endowed by the farmers. This approach makes it possible to understand how this evolution both impacts the organisation of the rural space and how it is a consequence of it. Our data underlines the growing diversity of the farmers’ logic (peasant, entrepreneurial, speculative) and the social and economic inequalities between the farmers. This process is a result of the public policies that were enforced at the start of the colonial capitalist economy (end of the 19th century). The individualization of ownership and the land commodification have weakened the social security that used to exist at the time of the old common tribal territory, exposing the owners to the instability of the market and land precariousness. On the one hand, peasants are tempted to sell their land in an entrepreneurial way; on the other hand, they are willing to keep it for its symbolic value and as a securing capital. This precariousness is also fed by the multifaceted pressure of the land market and by the inequalities of access to the principal resources (money, water, market). In spite of the strategies they use, peasants face huge constraints. This study brings new light on the social contests that have been affecting the region since 2010 and contributed to the departure of President Ben Ali leave in 2011
Ben, Nasr Maaouia. "La sécurité alimentaire dans les pays en développement : cas de la Tunisie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E047.
Full textFood security is defined today through four dimensions, namely the food availability, stability, access and safety. These dimensions form an entity and ensure a healthy diet for everyone. It is precisely for this reason that they cannot be dissociated. Developing countries are the most affected by food insecurity. The food security assessment must be connected to the economic development strategies adopted in each country. For the most of developing countries, the implemented agricultural policies are largely responsible for the state of the food security. Tunisia is among the countries that have neglected the construction of an agricultural production structure that totally focuses on achieving food security ensured by prominent local self-sufficiency in food. For a long time, Tunisia has favored the use of the international market to take advantage of the world prices drop tendency. This strategy is now obsolete because of changes in the international context which are expressed by significant unexampled increases in the prices of agricultural products and food. In addition, there is a deterioration in the economic fundamentals especially the import capacity, as well as a deterioration in public accounts while the food bill raises and the pursuit of the subsidy policy reaches its limits. Moreover, the treatment of the food security issue should not be related only to agricultural production but also to the debt situation of the developing country. Food security is usually the focal point of all problems related to real growth strategies and economic development of many countries including Tunisia. It becomes even more problematic than the forced evolution towards globalization which now places agriculture in the world faced to the threat of widespread trade pushing it to a specialization which is not easy grasp
Ghazouani, Wafa. "De l'identification des contraintes environnementales à l'évaluation des performances agronomiques dans un système irrigué collectif. Cas de l'oasis de Fatnassa (Nefzaoua, sud tunisien)." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473373.
Full textJouini, Meriem. "Evaluation environnementale des pratiques agricoles et des aménagements de conservation par ACV : cas du bassin versant de Merguellil de la Tunisie centrale." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NSAM0001.
Full textIn semi-arid areas, agriculture is based on limited and fragile "water and soil" resources that are often overexploited. To ensure the sustainability of agricultural land management in rural areas, environmental assessment must be integrated to support decision-makers and local stakeholders in their decision-making. Due to its comprehensiveness, life cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the most widely used tools for environmental impact assessment. It has global approach (all potential environmental impacts are considered) and life cycle thinking ("cradle to grave"). However, LCA is difficult to apply in rural areas of developing countries. First, LCA requires a lot of data that is difficult to collect because of the diversity of small farming systems. Second, the results of LCA are difficult for non-specialists to interpret because of the complexity of its multiple indicators. Third, the processes included in LCA often do not correspond to the values and interests of stakeholders. Our study area is located upstream of the Merguellil catchment in central Tunisia, a Mediterranean country, characterized by a semi-arid climate with high variability of precipitation and is considered an important recharge area for aquifers. The upstream Merguellil brings together major environmental challenges such as variable and limited resources, over-exploitation of water resources, poor control of access to groundwater and accelerated soil degradation. These problems are also encountered throughout the Mediterranean region. The rapid expansion of conservation measures and of intensive irrigated cropping systems have raised the question of their environmental impacts and particularly on the soil resource. In the context of managing common "water and soil" resources and taking into account the diversity of agricultural practices within a rural area, it is important to assess the impacts at the scale of a territory. Our main objective is to provide decision-makers with knowledge on the environmental impacts of water and soil conservation works (WSCW) and the most relevant cropping systems by LCA at the territory level. In this thesis, we proposed a progressive and iterative participatory approach to analyze the territory in relation to its history, its components (living territories), its functions, its agricultural productions systems and its social components (families). We provided conceptual models shared by all stakeholders, we also collected and validated all the data necessary for the environmental assessment. An innovative methodological framework was proposed to link LCA with this participatory approach and made it possible to analyse the environmental impacts of all cropping systems. Finally, the consideration of the impacts of water and soil conservation works in LCA has been the subject of a specific development. Two indicators were explored using a distributed erosion model (LandSoil): erosion resistance and mechanical filtration. These developments provide all the methods and data to inform decision-making in the context of participatory land management, and in particular to define a sustainable development strategy for water and soil conservation works
Adili, Boutheina. "Croissance, fructification et régénération naturelle des peuplements artificiels de Pin pignon (Pinus pinea L.) au nord de la Tunisie." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00856265.
Full textFaysse, Nicolas. "L'influence des règles collectives d'allocation de l'eau sur les choix stratégiques des agriculteurs : des petits périmètres irrigués tunisiens aux prélèvements en rivière dans le bassin de l'Adour." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00515643.
Full textRuelle, Pierre. "Variabilité spatiale à l'échelle de parcelles de cultures : étude expérimentale et modélisation des bilans hyriques et des rendements." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10035.
Full textMohamed, Maher. "Le climat agricole au Sahel tunisien et les changements climatiques." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2466/1/M10930.pdf.
Full textFoltz, Jeremy D. "Developing sustainable agricultural production the diffusion of water conserving irrigation technology of Tunisia /." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/40792923.html.
Full textTypescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 262-269).